Peripheral glutamate signaling in head and neck areas

Head and Neck

Volumn 32, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 1554-1572

  Haas, Helga Susanne ^a   Linecker, Alexander ^a   Pfragner, Roswitha ^a   Sadjak, Anton ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

Author keywords

cancer; dental regions; glutamate; oral cavity; taste sensation; thyroid gland

Indexed keywords

4 CARBOXY 2 METHYLPHENYLGLYCINE; 7 HYDROXYIMINOCYCLOPROPAN[B]CHROMEN 1A CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; ALPHA METHYL 4 CARBOXYPHENYLGLYCINE; BAY 367620; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DEXTROMETHORPHAN; DIZOCILPINE; DIZOCILPINE MALEATE; GLUTAMIC ACID; KETAMINE; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; PARACETAMOL; RILUZOLE; TALAMPANEL; THIOTEPA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VINBLASTINE;

CARCINOMA CELL; HEAD; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; LOW DRUG DOSE; MELANOMA; MOUTH CAVITY; NECK; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; NONHUMAN; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SALIVARY GLAND; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SKIN; TASTE DISCRIMINATION; THYROID GLAND; THYROID MEDULLARY CARCINOMA;

ANIMALS; CELL PROLIFERATION; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID ANTAGONISTS; GLUTAMIC ACID; HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; ORAL SURGICAL PROCEDURES; RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE; RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; SALIVARY GLANDS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SKIN; TASTE; TASTE BUDS; THYROID GLAND;

EID: 78649478724     PISSN: 10433074     EISSN: 10970347     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hed.21438     Document Type: Review

References (214)

1. Bennett MR, Balcar VJ,. Forty years of amino acid transmission in the brain. Neurochem Int 1999; 35: 269-280.
2. Hayashi T,. A physiological study of epileptic seizures following cortical stimulation in animals and its application to human clinics. Jpn J Physiol 1952; 3: 46-64.
3. Lucas DR, Newhouse JP,. The toxic effect of sodium L-glutamate on the inner layers of the retina. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 1957; 58: 193-201.
4. Ozawa S, Kamiya H, Tsuzuki K,. Glutamate receptors in the mammalian central nervous system. Prog Neurobiol 1998; 54: 581-618.
5. Pin JP, Acher F,. The metabotropic glutamate receptors: structure, activation mechanism and pharmacology. Curr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord 2002; 1: 297-317.
6. Haberny KA, Paule MG, Scallet AC, et al. Ontogeny of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor system and susceptibility to neurotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2002; 68: 9-17.
7. Erreger K, Chen PE, Wyllie DJ, Traynelis SF,. Glutamate receptor gating. Crit Rev Neurobiol 2004; 16: 187-224.
8. Niswender CM, Jones CK, Conn PJ,. New therapeutic frontiers for metabotropic glutamate receptors. Curr Top Med Chem 2005; 5: 847-857.
9. Nicoletti F, Arcella A, Iacovelli L, Battaglia G, Giangaspero F, Melchiorri D,. Metabotropic glutamate receptors: new targets for the control of tumor growth? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2007; 28: 206-213.
10. Knöpfel T, Uusisaari M,. Modulation of excitation by metabotropic glutamate receptors. Results Probl Cell Differ 2008; 44: 163-175.
11. Storto M, de Grazia U, Battaglia G, et al. Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in murine thymocytes and thymic stromal cells. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 109: 112-120.
12. Lombardi G, Dianzani C, Miglio G, Canonico PL, Fantozzi R,. Characterization of ionotropic glutamate receptors in human lymphocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 133: 936-944.
13. Skerry TM, Genever PG,. Glutamate signalling in non-neuronal tissues. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2001; 22: 174-181.
14. Nedergaard M, Takano T, Hansen AJ,. Beyond the role of glutamate as a neurotransmitter. Nat Rev Neurosci 2002; 3: 748-755.
15. Hayashi M, Morimoto R, Yamamoto A, Moriyama Y,. Expression and localization of vesicular glutamate transporters in pancreatic islets, upper gastrointestinal tract, and testis. J Histochem Cytochem 2003; 51: 1375-1390.
16. Hinoi E, Takarada T, Ueshima T, Tsuchihashi Y, Yoneda Y,. Glutamate signaling in peripheral tissues. Eur J Biochem 2004; 271: 1-13.
17. Kalariti N, Koutsilieris M,. Glutamatergic system in bone physiology. In Vivo 2004; 18: 621-628.
18. Kalariti N, Pissimissis N, Koutsilieris M,. The glutamatergic system outside the CNS and in cancer biology. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2005; 14: 1487-1496.
19. Gill S, Pulido O,. Glutamate receptors in peripheral tissue, 1st ed. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2005.
20. Berger UV, Hediger MA,. Distribution of the glutamate transporters GLT-1 (SLC1A2) and GLAST (SLC1A3) in peripheral organs. Anat Embryol (Berl) 2006; 211: 595-606.
21. Levite M,. Neurotransmitters activate T-cells and elicit crucial functions via neurotransmitter receptors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2008; 8: 460-471.
22. Takarada T, Yoneda Y,. Pharmacological topics of bone metabolism: glutamate as a signal mediator in bone. J Pharmacol Sci 2008; 106: 536-541.
23. Rzeski W, Turski L, Ikonomidou C,. Glutamate antagonists limit tumor growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98: 6372-6377.
24. Cavalheiro EA, Olney JW,. Glutamate antagonists: deadly liaisons with cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98: 5947-5948.
25. Rothstein JD, Brem H,. Excitotoxic destruction facilitates brain tumor growth. Nat Med 2001; 7: 994-995.
26. Takano T, Lin JH, Arcuino G, Gao Q, Yang J, Nedergaard M,. Glutamate release promotes growth of malignant gliomas. Nat Med 2001; 7: 1010-1015.
27. Ishiuchi S, Tsuzuki K, Yoshida Y, et al. Blockage of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors suppresses migration and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. Nat Med 2002; 8: 971-978.
28. Kalariti N, Lembessis P, Koutsilieris M,. Characterization of the glutametergic system in MG-63 osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. Anticancer Res 2004; 24: 3923-3929.
29. Stepulak A, Sifringer M, Rzeski W, et al. NMDA antagonist inhibits the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway and suppresses cancer growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102: 15605-15610.
30. Haas HS, Pfragner R, Siegl V, Ingolic E, Heintz E, Schauenstein K,. Glutamate receptor-mediated effects on growth and morphology of human histiocytic lymphoma cells. Int J Oncol 2005; 27: 867-874.
31. Haas HS, Pfragner R, Siegl V, et al. The non-competitive metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 antagonist CPCCOEt inhibits the in vitro growth of human melanoma. Oncol Rep 2007; 17: 1399-1404.
32. Haas HS,. Effects of peripheral glutamate receptors on tumor cell growth: how neurotransmitters can affect the body. In:, Hayashi T, editor. Progress in cell growth process research. New York: Nova Science Publishers; 2008. pp 209-219.
33. Stepulak A, Luksch H, Gebhardt C, et al. Expression of glutamate receptor subunits in human cancers. Histochem Cell Biol 2009; 132: 435-445.
34. Seidlitz EP, Sharma MK, Saikali Z, Ghert M, Singh G,. Cancer cell lines release glutamate into the extracellular environment. Clin Exp Metastasis 2009; 26: 781-787.
35. Kew JN,. Positive and negative allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors: emerging therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2004; 104: 233-244.
36. Ritzén A, Mathiesen JM, Thomsen C,. Molecular pharmacology and therapeutic prospects of metabotropic glutamate receptor allosteric modulators. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2005; 97: 202-213.
37. Nicoletti F, Battaglia G, Storto M, et al. Metabotropic glutamate receptors: beyond the regulation of synaptic transmission. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32 (Suppl 1): S40-S45.
38. Chen VW, Andrews PA, Correa CN, Wu XC, Correa P,. Cancer incidence in five continents, volume VII. In:, Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, Young R, Lyon J, editors. IARC Scientific Publications No. 143. New Orleans, LA: 1997. pp 277-285.
39. Correa CN, Wu X-C, Andrews P, Hsieh M-C, Lucas HF,. Cancer incidence in five continents, volume VIII. In:, Parkin DM, Whelan SL, Ferlay J, Teppo L, Thomas DB, editors. IARC Scientific Publications No. 155. New Orleans, LA; 2002. pp 180-185.
40. Lore JM Jr, Kaufman S, Sundquist N, Chary KK,. Carcinoma of the head and neck: a 5- to 20-year experience with preoperative chemotherapy, uncompromised surgery, and selective radiotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2003; 10: 645-653.
41. Alberico RA, Husain SH, Sirotkin I,. Imaging in head and neck oncology. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2004; 13: 13-35.
42. Lips CJ, Hoppener JW, Thijssen JH,. Medullary thyroid carcinoma: role of genetic testing and calcitonin measurement. Ann Clin Biochem 2001; 38: 168-179.
43. Vierhapper H, Niederle B, Bieglmayer C, Kaserer K, Baumgartner-Parzer S,. Early diagnosis and curative therapy of medullary thyroid carcinoma by routine measurement of serum calcitonin in patients with thyroid disorders. Thyroid 2005; 15: 1267-1272.
44. Roman S, Mehta P, Sosa JA,. Medullary thyroid cancer: early detection and novel treatments. Curr Opin Oncol 2009; 21: 5-10.
45. Syed R, Bomanji JB, Nagabhushan N, et al. Impact of combined (18)F-FDG PET/CT in head and neck tumours. Br J Cancer 2005; 92: 1046-1050.
46. Rubello D, Rampin L, Nanni C, et al. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting metastatic deposits of recurrent medullary thyroid carcinoma: a prospective study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2008; 34: 581-586.
47. Guido A, Fuccio L, Rombi B, et al. Combined (18)F-FDG-PET/CT imaging in radiotherapy target delineation for head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 73: 759-763.
48. Kim S, Grandis JR, Rinaldo A, Takes RP, Ferlito A,. Emerging perspectives in epidermal growth factor receptor targeting in head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2008; 30: 667-674.
49. Bernier J,. Incorporation of molecularly targeted agents in the primary treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2008; 22: 1193-1208.
50. Blick SK, Scott LJ,. Cetuximab: a review of its use in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and metastatic colorectal cancer. Drugs 2007; 67: 2585-2607.
51. You YN, Lakhani V, Wells SA Jr,. New directions in the treatment of thyroid cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2007; 205 (Suppl 4): S45-S48.
52. Morabito A, Piccirillo MC, Falasconi F, et al. Vandetanib (ZD6474), a dual inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases: current status and future directions. Oncologist 2009; 14: 378-390.
53. Choi SW, Park SY, Hong SP, Pai H, Choi JY, Kim SG,. The expression of NMDA receptor 1 is associated with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in the oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33: 533-537.
54. Park SY, Lee SA, Han IH, et al. Clinical significance of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2007; 17: 81-87.
55. Oswald RE,. Ionotropic glutamate receptor recognition and activation. Adv Protein Chem 2004; 68: 313-349.
56. Oswald RE, Ahmed A, Fenwick MK, Loh AP,. Structure of glutamate receptors. Curr Drug Targets 2007; 8: 573-582.
57. Ferraguti F, Shigemoto R,. Metabotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 326: 483-504.
58. Kim CH, Lee J, Lee JY, Roche KW,. Metabotropic glutamate receptors: phosphorylation and receptor signaling. J Neurosci Res 2008; 86: 1-10.
59. Danbolt NC,. Glutamate uptake. Prog Neurobiol 2001; 65: 1-105.
60. Huang YH, Bergles DE,. Glutamate transporters bring competition to the synapse. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2004; 14: 346-352.
61. Shigeri Y, Seal RP, Shimamoto K,. Molecular pharmacology of glutamate transporters, EAATs and VGLUTs. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2004; 45: 250-265.
62. Takamori S,. VGLUTs: "exciting" times for glutamatergic research? Neurosci Res 2006; 55: 343-351.
63. Beart PM, O'Shea RD,. Transporters for L-glutamate: an update on their molecular pharmacology and pathological involvement. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 150: 5-17.
64. Pines G, Danbolt NC, Bjoras M, et al. Cloning and expression of a rat brain L-glutamate transporter. Nature 1992; 360: 464-467.
65. Kanai Y, Hediger MA,. Primary structure and functional characterization of a high-affinity glutamate transporter. Nature 1992; 360: 467-471.
66. Storck T, Schulte S, Hofmann K, Stoffel W,. Structure, expression, and functional analysis of a Na(+)-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter from rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89: 10955-10959.
67. Fairman WA, Vandenberg RJ, Arriza JL, Kavanaugh MP, Amara SG,. An excitatory amino-acid transporter with properties of a ligand-gated chloride channel. Nature 1995; 375: 599-603.
68. Arriza JL, Eliasof S, Kavanaugh MP, Amara SG,. Excitatory amino acid transporter 5, a retinal glutamate transporter coupled to a chloride conductance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94: 4155-4160.
69. Tzingounis AV, Wadiche JI,. Glutamate transporters: confining runaway excitation by shaping synaptic transmission. Nat Rev Neurosci 2007; 8: 935-947.
70. Lindemann B, Ogiwara Y, Ninomiya Y,. The discovery of umami. Chem Senses 2002; 27: 843-844.
71. Ikeda K,. New seasonings. Chem Senses 2002; 27: 847-849.
72. 3H]glutamate binding to bovine taste papillae by 5′-ribonucleotides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1980; 627: 313-323.
73. Lu KS, Roper SD,. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of glutamate-containing nerve fibers in the taste bud of mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus). Microsc Res Tech 1993; 26: 225-230.
74. Caicedo A, Zucchi B, Pereira E, Roper SD,. Rat gustatory neurons in the geniculate ganglion express glutamate receptor subunits. Chem Senses 2004; 29: 463-471.
75. King MS, Bradley RM,. Biophysical properties and responses to glutamate receptor agonists of identified subpopulations of rat geniculate ganglion neurons. Brain Res 2000; 866: 237-246.
76. Wang L, Bradley RM,. In vitro study of afferent synaptic transmission in the rostral gustatory zone of the rat nucleus of the solitary tract. Brain Res 1995; 702: 188-198.
77. Bradley RM, King MS, Wang L, Shu X,. Neurotransmitter and neuromodulator activity in the gustatory zone of the nucleus tractus solitarius. Chem Senses 1996; 21: 377-385.
78. Li CS, Smith DV,. Glutamate receptor antagonists block gustatory afferent input to the nucleus of the solitary tract. J Neurophysiol 1997; 77: 1514-1525.
79. + channels in isolated hamster taste cells: enhancement by vasopressin and cAMP. Neuron 1993; 10: 931-942.
80. Furue H, Yoshii K,. In situ tight-seal recordings of taste substance-elicited action currents and voltage-gated Ba currents from single taste bud cells in the peeled epithelium of mouse tongue. Brain Res 1997; 776: 133-139.
81. Gilbertson TA, Zhang H,. Self-inhibition in amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in taste receptor cells. J Gen Physiol 1998; 111: 667-677.
82. Medler KF, Margolskee RF, Kinnamon SC,. Electrophysiological characterization of voltage-gated currents in defined taste cell types of mice. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 2608-2617.
83. Chaudhari N, Yang H, Lamp C, et al. The taste of monosodium glutamate: membrane receptors in taste buds. J Neurosci 1996; 16: 3817-3826.
84. Chaudhari N, Landin AM, Roper SD,. A metabotropic glutamate receptor variant functions as a taste receptor. Nat Neurosci 2000; 3: 113-139.
85. Toyono T, Seta Y, Kataoka S, et al. Expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR4a, in the taste hairs of taste buds in rat gustatory papillae. Arch Histol Cytol 2002; 65: 91-96.
86. Caicedo A, Kim KN, Roper SD,. Glutamate-induced cobalt uptake reveals non-NMDA receptors in rat taste cells. J Comp Neurol 2000; 417: 315-324.
87. Toyono T, Seta Y, Kataoka S, Kawano S, Shigemoto R, Toyoshima K,. Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor group I in rat gustatory papillae. Cell Tissue Res 2003; 313: 29-35.
88. San Gabriel A, Uneyama H, Yoshie S, Torii K,. Cloning and characterization of a novel mGluR1 variant from vallate papillae that functions as a receptor for L-glutamate stimuli. Chem Senses 2005; 30 (Suppl 1): i25-i26.
89. San Gabriel A, Maekawa T, Uneyama H, Torii K,. Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in taste tissue. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 743S-746S.
90. Toyono T, Kataoka S, Seta Y, Shigemoto R, Toyoshima K,. Expression of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat gustatory papillae. Cell Tissue Res 2007; 328: 57-63.
91. i in cell ensembles: application to the study of glutamate taste in mice. Biophys J 1996; 71: 1057-1070.
92. Bigiani A, Delay RJ, Chaudhari N, Kinnamon SC, Roper SD,. Responses to glutamate in rat taste cells. J Neurophysiol 1997; 77: 3048-3059.
93. Lin W, Kinnamon SC,. Physiological evidence for ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat taste cells. J Neurophysiol 1999; 82: 2061-2069.
94. Stapleton JR, Roper SD, Delay ER,. The taste of monosodium glutamate (MSG), L-aspartic acid, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in rats: are NMDA receptors involved in MSG taste? Chem Senses 1999; 24: 449-457.
95. Delay ER, Sewczak GM, Stapleton JR, Roper SD,. Glutamate taste: discrimination between the tastes of glutamate agonists and monosodium glutamate in rats. Chem Senses 2004; 29: 291-299.
96. Dingledine R, Conn PJ,. Peripheral glutamate receptors: molecular biology and role in taste sensation. J Nutr 2000; 130 (Suppl 4S): 1039S-1042S.
97. Chaudhari N, Pereira E, Roper SD,. Taste receptors for umami: the case for multiple receptors. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 90: 738S-742S.
98. Lawton DM, Furness DN, Lindemann B, Hackney CM,. Localization of the glutamate-aspartate transporter, GLAST, in rat taste buds. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12: 3163-3171.
99. Azérad J, Boucher Y, Pollin B,. Demonstration of glutamate in primary sensory trigeminal neurons innervating dental pulp in rats [in French]. C R Acad Sci III 1992; 314: 469-475.
100. Jackson DL, Hargreaves KM,. Activation of excitatory amino acid receptors in bovine dental pulp evokes the release of iCGRP. J Dent Res 1999; 78: 54-60.
101. Hofman S, Azérad J, Boucher Y,. Effects of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on pulpal blood flow of the rat mandibular incisor. J Dent Res 2002; 81: 253-258.
102. Yu XM, Sessle BJ, Hu JW,. Differential effects of cutaneous and deep application of inflammatory irritant on mechanoreceptive field properties of trigeminal brain stem nociceptive neurons. J Neurophysiol 1993; 70: 1704-1707.
103. Jiang MC, Gebhart GF,. Development of mustard oil-induced hyperalgesia in rats. Pain 1998; 77: 305-313.
104. Lee HJ, Choi HS, Ju JS, et al. Peripheral mGluR5 antagonist attenuated craniofacial muscle pain and inflammation but not mGluR1 antagonist in lightly anesthetized rats. Brain Res Bull 2008; 76: 8-15.
105. Chiang CY, Park SJ, Kwan CL, Hu JW, Sessle BJ,. NMDA receptor mechanisms contribute to neuroplasticity induced in caudalis nociceptive neurons by tooth pulp stimulation. J Neurophysiol 1998; 80: 2621-2631.
106. Park SJ, Chiang CY, Hu JW, Sessle BJ,. Neuroplasticity induced by tooth pulp stimulation in trigeminal subnucleus oralis involves NMDA receptor mechanisms. J Neurophysiol 2001; 85: 1836-1846.
107. Takeda M, Tanimoto T, Matsumoto S,. Effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on excitation of the tooth-pulp-evoked C1 spinal neurons in the rat. Exp Brain Res 1999; 128: 303-308.
108. Fujimi Y, Takeda M, Tanimoto T, Matsumoto S,. N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptor antagonists suppress the superior sagittal sinus-evoked activity of C1 spinal neurons responding to tooth pulp electrical stimulation in rats. Odontology 2006; 94: 22-28.
109. Yonehara N, Amano K, Kamisaki Y,. Involvement of the NMDA-nitric oxide pathway in the development of hypersensitivity to tactile stimulation in dental injured rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 2002; 90: 145-155.
110. Yonehara N, Kudo C, Kamisaki Y,. Involvement of NMDA-nitric oxide pathways in the development of tactile hypersensitivity evoked by the loose-ligation of inferior alveolar nerves in rats. Brain Res 2003; 963: 232-243.
111. Fujita T, Kamisaki Y, Yonehara N,. Nitric oxide-induced increase of excitatory amino acid levels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the rat with tactile hypersensitivity evoked by the loose-ligation of the inferior alveolar nerves. J Neurochem 2004; 91: 558-567.
112. Mathisen LC, Skjelbred P, Skoglund LA, Oye I,. Effect of ketamine, an NMDA receptor inhibitor, in acute and chronic orofacial pain. Pain 1995; 61: 215-220.
113. Perry EB Jr, Cramer JA, Cho HS, et al. Psychiatric safety of ketamine in psychopharmacology research. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007; 192: 253-260.
114. Sinner B, Graf BM,. Ketamine. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2008; 182: 313-333.
115. Gordon SM, Dubner R, Dionne RA,. Antihyperalgesic effect of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist dextromethorphan in the oral surgery model. J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 39: 139-146.
116. Aoki T, Yamaguchi H, Naito H, Shiiki K, Ota Y, Kaneko A,. Dextromethorphan premedication reduced postoperative analgesic consumption in patients after oral surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 102: 591-595. (Pubitemid 44557083)
117. Gordon SM,. Premedication with low-dose dextromethorphan does not reduce pain following oral surgery. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2007; 7: 167-169.
118. Skerry TM, Taylor AF,. Glutamate signalling in bone. Curr Pharm Des 2001; 7: 737-750.
119. Chenu C,. Glutamatergic innervation in bone. Microsc Res Tech 2002; 58: 70-76.
120. Taylor AF,. Osteoblastic glutamate receptor function regulates bone formation and resorption. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2002; 2: 285-290.
121. Hinoi E, Fujimori S, Takarada T, Taniura H, Yoneda Y,. Facilitation of glutamate release by ionotropic glutamate receptors in osteoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 297: 452-458.
122. Mason DJ,. Glutamate signalling and its potential application to tissue engineering of bone. Eur Cell Mater 2004; 7: 12-26.
123. Mason DJ,. The role of glutamate transporters in bone cell signalling. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2004; 4: 128-131.
124. Spencer GJ, McGrath CJ, Genever PG,. Current perspectives on NMDA-type glutamate signalling in bone. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007; 39: 1089-1104.
125. Breivik T, Gundersen Y, Osmundsen H, Opstad PK, Fonnum F,. Chronic treatment with the glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 alters periodontal disease susceptibility. J Periodontal Res 2005; 40: 28-35.
126. Lee S, Rivier C, Torres G,. Induction of c-fos and CRF mRNA by MK-801 in the parvocellular paraventricular nucleus of the rat hypothalamus. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1994; 24: 192-198.
127. Pechnick RN, George R, Poland RE,. Characterization of the effects of the acute and repeated administration of MK-801 on the release of adrenocorticotropin, corticosterone and prolactin in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 1989; 164: 257-263.
128. Haas HS, Schauenstein K,. Neuroimmunomodulation via limbic structures-the neuroanatomy of psychoimmunology. Prog Neurobiol 1997; 51: 195-222.
129. Yu JH, Lee SP, Kim TI, Jang JH,. Identification of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts: potential role in regulating differentiation. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 338-346.
130. Carlton SM, Hargett GL, Coggeshall RE,. Localization and activation of glutamate receptors in unmyelinated axons of rat glabrous skin. Neurosci Lett 1995; 197: 25-28.
131. Coggeshall RE, Carlton SM,. Ultrastructural analysis of NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors on unmyelinated and myelinated axons in the periphery. J Comp Neurol 1998; 391: 78-86.
132. Kinkelin I, Bröcker EB, Koltzenburg M, Carlton SM,. Localization of ionotropic glutamate receptors in peripheral axons of human skin. Neurosci Lett 2000; 283: 149-152.
133. Nordlind K, Johansson O, Liden S, Hokfelt T,. Glutamate- and aspartate-like immunoreactivities in human normal and inflamed skin. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 1993; 64: 75-82.
134. Carlton SM, Coggeshall RE,. Inflammation-induced changes in peripheral glutamate receptor populations. Brain Res 1999; 820: 63-70.
135. Tan PH, Yang LC, Chiang PT, Jang JS, Chung HC, Kuo CH,. Inflammation-induced up-regulation of ionotropic glutamate receptor expression in human skin. Br J Anaesth 2008; 100: 380-384.
136. Genever PG, Maxfield SJ, Kennovin GD, et al. Evidence for a novel glutamate-mediated signaling pathway in keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 112: 337-342.
137. Fuziwara S, Inoue K, Denda M,. NMDA-type glutamate receptor is associated with cutaneous barrier homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 120: 1023-1029.
138. Fischer M, Glanz D, William T, Klapperstuck T, Wohlrab J, Marsch W,. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors influence the intracellular calcium concentration of keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2004; 13: 512-519.
139. Fischer M, Fiedler E, Seidel C, et al. Cultivated keratinocytes express N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors of the NMDAR2D type. Arch Dermatol Res 2006; 297: 316-318.
140. Morhenn VB, Murakami M, O'Grady T, Nordberg J, Gallo RL,. Characterization of the expression and function of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2004; 13: 505-511.
141. Nahm WK, Philpot BD, Adams MM, et al. Significance of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated signaling in human keratinocytes. J Cell Physiol 2004; 200: 309-317.
142. Katsuta Y, Iida T, Hasegawa K, Inomata S, Denda M,. Function of oleic acid on epidermal barrier and calcium influx into keratinocytes is associated with N-methyl D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors. Br J Dermatol 2009; 160: 69-74.
143. Hoogduijn MJ, Hitchcock IS, Smit NP, Gillbro JM, Schallreuter KU, Genever PG,. Glutamate receptors on human melanocytes regulate the expression of MiTF. Pigment Cell Res 2006; 19: 58-67.
144. Frati C, Marchese C, Fisichella G, et al. Expression of functional mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in human melanocytes. J Cell Physiol 2000; 183: 364-372.
145. Pollock PM, Cohen-Solal K, Sood R, et al. Melanoma mouse model implicates metabotropic glutamate signaling in melanocytic neoplasia. Nat Genet 2003; 34: 108-112.
146. Marín YE, Chen S,. Involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1, a G protein coupled receptor, in melanoma development. J Mol Med 2004; 82: 735-749.
147. Namkoong J, Shin SS, Lee HJ, et al. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and glutamate signaling in human melanoma. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 2298-2305.
148. Ortiz P, Vanaclocha F, López-Bran E, et al. Genetic analysis of the GRM1 gene in human melanoma susceptibility. Eur J Hum Genet 2007; 15: 1176-1182.
149. Shin SS, Namkoong J, Wall BA, Gleason R, Lee HJ, Chen S,. Oncogenic activities of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (Grm1) in melanocyte transformation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2008; 21: 368-378.
150. Ohtani Y, Harada T, Funasaka Y, et al. Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype-1 is essential for in vivo growth of melanoma. Oncogene 2008; 27: 7162-7170.
151. Yip D, Le MN, Chan JL, et al. A phase 0 trial of riluzole in patients with resectable stage III and IV melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15: 3896-3902.
152. Cooper B, Chebib M, Shen J, et al. Structural selectivity and molecular nature of L-glutamate transport in cultured human fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 353: 356-364.
153. Hitchcock IS, Genever PG, Cahusac PM,. Essential components for a glutamatergic synapse between Merkel cell and nerve terminal in rats. Neurosci Lett 2004; 362: 196-199.
154. Nunzi MG, Pisarek A, Mugnaini E,. Merkel cells, corpuscular nerve endings and free nerve endings in the mouse palatine mucosa express three subtypes of vesicular glutamate transporters. J Neurocytol 2004; 33: 359-376.
155. Tachibana T, Endoh M, Kumakami R, Nawa T,. Immunohistochemical expressions of mGluR5, P2Y2 receptor, PLC-beta1, and IP3R-I and -II in Merkel cells in rat sinus hair follicles. Histochem Cell Biol 2003; 120: 13-21.
156. Cahusac PM, Senok SS, Hitchcock IS, Genever PG, Baumann KI,. Are unconventional NMDA receptors involved in slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptor responses? Neuroscience 2005; 133: 763-773.
157. Cahusac PM, Senok SS,. Metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists selectively enhance responses of slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors. Synapse 2006; 59: 235-242.
158. Kuc D, Rahnama M, Tomaszewski T, et al. Kynurenic acid in human saliva-does it influence oral microflora? Pharmacol Rep 2006; 58: 393-398.
159. Stone TW,. Kynurenic acid blocks nicotinic synaptic transmission to hippocampal interneurons in young rats. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 25: 2656-2665.
160. Stone TW, Forrest CM, Mackay GM, Stoy N, Darlington LG,. Tryptophan, adenosine, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. Metab Brain Dis 2007; 22: 337-352.
161. Shida T, Kondo E, Ueda Y, et al. Role of amino acids in salivation and the localization of their receptors in the rat salivary gland. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1995; 33: 261-268.
162. Hodson NA, Linden RW,. The effect of monosodium glutamate on parotid salivary flow in comparison to the response to representatives of the other four basic tastes. Physiol Behav 2006; 89: 711-717.
163. Kobayashi M, Nemoto T, Nagata H, Konno A, Chiba T,. Immunohistochemical studies on glutamatergic, GABAergic and glycinergic axon varicosities presynaptic to parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of the rat. Brain Res 1997; 766: 72-82.
164. Lin LH, Agassandian K, Fujiyama F, Kaneko T, Talman WT,. Evidence for a glutamatergic input to pontine preganglionic neurons of the superior salivatory nucleus in rat. J Chem Neuroanat 2003; 25: 261-268.
165. Mitoh Y, Funahashi M, Kobashi M, Matsuo R,. Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents of the superior salivatory nucleus innervating the salivary glands and tongue in the rat. Brain Res 2004; 999: 62-72.
166. Oskutyte D, Ishizuka K, Satoh Y, Murakami T,. Ionotropic NMDA receptor evokes an excitatory response in superior salivatory nucleus neurons in anaesthetized rats. Auton Neurosci 2004; 110: 98-107.
167. Ishizuka K, Oskutyte D, Satoh Y, Murakami T,. Non-NMDA and NMDA receptor agonists induced excitation and their differential effect in activation of superior salivatory nucleus neurons in anaesthetized rats. Auton Neurosci 2008; 138: 41-49.
168. Kim M, Chiego DJ Jr, Bradley RM,. Ionotropic glutamate receptor expression in preganglionic neurons of the rat inferior salivatory nucleus. Auton Neurosci 2008; 138: 83-90.
169. Suwabe T, Fukami H, Bradley RM,. Synaptic responses of neurons controlling the parotid and von Ebner salivary glands in rats to stimulation of the solitary nucleus and tract. J Neurophysiol 2008; 99: 1267-1273.
170. Lee PR, Brady D, Koenig JI,. Thyroid hormone regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit mRNA expression in adult brain. J Neuroendocrinol 2003; 15: 87-92.
171. Alva-Sanchez C, Becerril A, Anguiano B, Aceves C, Pacheco-Rosado J,. Participation of NMDA-glutamatergic receptors in hippocampal neuronal damage caused by adult-onset hypothyroidism. Neurosci Lett 2009; 453: 178-181.
172. Ralphe JC, Bedell K, Segar JL, Scholz TD,. Correlation between myocardial malate/aspartate shuttle activity and EAAT1 protein expression in hyper- and hypothyroidism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 288: H2521-H2526.
173. Dickman KG, Youssef JG, Mathew SM, Said SI,. Ionotropic glutamate receptors in lungs and airways: molecular basis for glutamate toxicity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 30: 139-144.
174. Said SI,. Glutamate receptors and asthmatic airway disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1999; 20: 132-134.
175. Said SI, Dey RD, Dickman K,. Glutamate signalling in the lung. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2001; 22: 344-345.
176. Haxhiu MA, Erokwu B, Dreshaj IA,. The role of excitatory amino acids in airway reflex responses in anesthetized dogs. J Auton Nerv Syst 1997; 67: 192-199.
177. Haxhiu MA, Chavez JC, Pichiule P, Erokwu B, Dreshaj IA,. The excitatory amino acid glutamate mediates reflexly increased tracheal blood flow and airway submucosal gland secretion. Brain Res 2000; 883: 77-86.
178. Mueller PJ, Buckwalter JB, Clifford PS,. Tracheal tone and the role of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the nucleus ambiguus. Brain Res 2004; 1021: 54-62.
179. Robertson BS, Satterfield BE, Said SI, Dey RD,. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors are expressed by intrinsic neurons of rat larynx and esophagus. Neurosci Lett 1998; 244: 77-80.
180. Lehmann A, Brändén L,. Effects of antagonism of NMDA receptors on transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in the dog. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 431: 253-258.
181. Hirsch DP, Tytgat GN, Boeckxstaens GE,. Is glutamate involved in transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations? Dig Dis Sci 2002; 47: 661-666.
182. Frisby CL, Mattsson JP, Jensen JM, Lehmann A, Dent J, Blackshaw LA,. Inhibition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and gastroesophageal reflux by metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 995-1004. (Pubitemid 41242690)
183. Jensen J, Lehmann A, Uvebrant A, et al. Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in dogs are inhibited by a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 519: 154-157. (Pubitemid 43181178)
184. Kohjitani A, Funahashi M, Miyawaki T, Hanazaki M, Matsuo R, Shimada M,. Peripheral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors modulate nonadrenergic noncholinergic lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in rabbits. Anesth Analg 2005; 101: 1681-1688.
185. Kademani D,. Oral cancer. Mayo Clin Proc 2007; 82: 878-887.
186. Maier H, Dietz A, Gewelke U, Heller WD, Weidauer H,. Tobacco and alcohol and the risk of head and neck cancer. Clin Investig 1992; 70: 320-327.
187. Hafkamp HC, Manni JJ, Speel EJ,. Role of human papillomavirus in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Acta Otolaryngol 2004; 124: 520-526.
188. Fakhry C, Gillison ML,. Clinical implications of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancers. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 2606-2611.
189. Marur S, Forastiere AA,. Head and neck cancer: changing epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc 2008; 83: 489-501.
190. Chang HJ, Yoo BC, Lim SB, Jeong SY, Kim WH, Park JG,. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 expression in colorectal carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 3288-3295.
191. Marín YE, Namkoong J, Cohen-Solal K, et al. Stimulation of oncogenic metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 in melanoma cells activates ERK1/2 via PKCepsilon. Cell Signal 2006; 18: 1279-1286.
192. Kong PE, Snijdelaar DG, Crul BJ,. Parenteral administration of low dose ketamine for the treatment of neuropathic pain in cancer patients [in Dutch]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2002; 146: 2556-2558.
193. Pfragner R, Höfler H, Behmel A, Ingolic E, Walser V,. Establishment and characterization of continuous cell line MTC-SK derived from a human medullary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 4160-4166.
194. Marsh DJ, Learoyd DL, Robinson BG,. Medullary thyroid carcinoma: recent advances and management update. Thyroid 1995; 5: 407-424.
195. Monson JP,. The epidemiology of endocrine tumours. Endocr Relat Cancer 2000; 7: 29-36.
196. Thakker RV,. Multiple endocrine neoplasia. Horm Res 2001; 56 (Suppl 1): 67-72.
197. Vitale G, Caraglia M, Ciccarelli A, Lupoli G, Abbruzzese A, Tagliaferri P,. Current approaches and perspectives in the therapy of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer 2001; 91: 1797-1808.
198. Carling T,. Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome: genetic basis for clinical management. Curr Opin Oncol 2005; 17: 7-12.
199. Kalariti N, Lembessis P, Papageorgiou E, Pissimissis N, Koutsilieris M,. Regulation of the mGluR5, EAAT1 and GS expression by glucocorticoids in MG-63 osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2007; 7: 113-118.
200. Kim MS, Yamashita K, Baek JH, et al. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor type 2B is epigenetically inactivated and exhibits tumor-suppressive activity in human esophageal cancer. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 3409-3418.
201. Kim MS, Yamashita K, Chae YK, et al. A promoter methylation pattern in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B gene predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13: 6658-6665.
202. Grossman SA, Ye X, Chamberlain M, et al. Talampanel with standard radiation and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a multicenter phase II trial. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27: 4155-4161.
203. D'Onofrio M, Arcella A, Bruno V, et al. Pharmacological blockade of mGlu2/3 metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces cell proliferation in cultured human glioma cells. J Neurochem 2003; 84: 1288-1295.
204. Arcella A, Carpinelli G, Battaglia G, et al. Pharmacological blockade of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces the growth of glioma cells in vivo. Neuro Oncol 2005; 7: 236-245.
205. Maekawa M, Namba T, Suzuki E, Yuasa S, Kohsaka S, Uchino S,. NMDA receptor antagonist memantine promotes cell proliferation and production of mature granule neurons in the adult hippocampus. Neurosci Res 2009; 63: 259-266.
206. Nicoletti F, Bruno V, Catania MV, et al. Group-I metabotropic glutamate receptors: hypotheses to explain their dual role in neurotoxicity and neuroprotection. Neuropharmacology 1999; 38: 1477-1484.
207. Vincent AM, Maiese K,. The metabotropic glutamate system promotes neuronal survival through distinct pathways of programmed cell death. Exp Neurol 2000; 166: 65-82.
208. Stepulak A, Sifringer M, Rzeski W, et al. AMPA antagonists inhibit the extracellular signal regulated kinase pathway and suppress lung cancer growth. Cancer Biol Ther 2007; 6: 1908-1915.
209. Pissimissis N, Papageorgiou E, Lembessis P, Armakolas A, Koutsilieris M,. The glutamatergic system expression in human PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Anticancer Res 2009; 29: 371-377.
210. Abdul M, Hoosein N,. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor in human prostate cancer. J Membr Biol 2005; 205: 125-128.
211. Pacheco R, Ciruela F, Casado V, et al. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate a dual role of glutamate in T cell activation. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 33352-33358.
212. Miglio G, Varsaldi F, Dianzani C, Fantozzi R, Lombardi G,. Stimulation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors evokes calcium signals and c-jun and c-fos gene expression in human T cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 70: 189-199.
213. Miglio G, Dianzani C, Fallarini S, Fantozzi R, Lombardi G,. Stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors modulates Jurkat T cell growth and adhesion to fibronectin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 361: 404-409.
214. Tsibris JC, Maas S, Segars JH, et al. New potential regulators of uterine leiomyomata from DNA arrays: the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluR2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 312: 249-254.