메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 56, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 110-130

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in heart failure: Mechanisms and recent clinical evidence

Author keywords

Arrhythmias; Atherothrombosis; Cardiac haemodinamics; Heart failure; Inflammation; n 3 PUFA

Indexed keywords

BLOOD CLOTTING FACTOR; LINOLENIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PLACEBO;

EID: 77953626362     PISSN: 01455680     EISSN: 1165158X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1170/T884     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (253)
  • 1
    • 0035216255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood vessel function
    • Abeywardena, M.Y. and Head, R.J., Longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood vessel function. Cardiovasc. Res. 2001, 52:361-371.
    • (2001) Cardiovasc. Res. , vol.52 , pp. 361-371
    • Abeywardena, M.Y.1    Head, R.J.2
  • 2
    • 0029828521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of high dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation on angiotensin II pressor response in human pregnancy
    • Adair, C.D., Sanchez-Ramos, L., Briones, D.L. and Ogburn, P. Jr., The effect of high dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation on angiotensin II pressor response in human pregnancy. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1996, 175:688-691.
    • (1996) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.175 , pp. 688-691
    • Adair, C.D.1    Sanchez-Ramos, L.2    Briones, D.L.3    Ogburn Jr., P.4
  • 3
    • 0036384917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acutely decompensated heart failure: opportunities to improve care and outcomes in the emergency department
    • Aghababian, R.V., Acutely decompensated heart failure: opportunities to improve care and outcomes in the emergency department. Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2002, 3:S3- S9.
    • (2002) Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. , vol.3
    • Aghababian, R.V.1
  • 4
    • 0036326587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid in staurosporine-induced apoptosis: involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway
    • Akbar, M. and Kim, H.Y., Protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid in staurosporine-induced apoptosis: involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway. J. Neurochem. 2002, 82:655-665.
    • (2002) J. Neurochem. , vol.82 , pp. 655-665
    • Akbar, M.1    Kim, H.Y.2
  • 5
    • 0028922908 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial protection by ischemic preconditioning: the influence of the composition of myocardial phospholipids
    • Al Makdessi, S., Brandle, M., Ehrt, M., Sweidan, H. and Jacob, R., Myocardial protection by ischemic preconditioning: the influence of the composition of myocardial phospholipids. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1995, 145:69-73.
    • (1995) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.145 , pp. 69-73
    • Al Makdessi, S.1    Brandle, M.2    Ehrt, M.3    Sweidan, H.4    Jacob, R.5
  • 8
    • 0003687930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association, Statistical Supplement. American Heart Association
    • American Heart Association. Heart and Stroke Facts. Statistical Supplement. American Heart Association 1998
    • (1998) Heart and Stroke Facts
  • 9
    • 67651029426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association, Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association
    • American Heart Association. Heart and Stroke Facts: 2005 Statistical Update. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association; 2005
    • (2005) Heart and Stroke Facts: 2005 Statistical Update
  • 10
    • 12344321136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereochemical assignment, antiinflammatory properties, and receptor for the omega-3 lipid mediator resolvin E1
    • Arita, M., Bianchini, F., Aliberti, J., Sher, A., Chiang, N., Hong, S., Yang, R., Petasis, N.A. and Serhan, C.N., Stereochemical assignment, antiinflammatory properties, and receptor for the omega-3 lipid mediator resolvin E1. J. Exp. Med. 2005, 201:713-722.
    • (2005) J. Exp. Med. , vol.201 , pp. 713-722
    • Arita, M.1    Bianchini, F.2    Aliberti, J.3    Sher, A.4    Chiang, N.5    Hong, S.6    Yang, R.7    Petasis, N.A.8    Serhan, C.N.9
  • 11
    • 0036185239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure Investigators. Left bundle-branch block is associated with increased 1-year sudden and total mortality rate in 5517 outpatients with congestive heart failure: a report from the Italian network on congestive heart failure
    • Baldasseroni, S., Opasich, C., Gorini, M., Lucci, D., Marchionni, N., Marini, M., Campana, C., Perini, G., Deorsola, A., Masotti, G., Tavazzi, L. and Maggioni, A.P., Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure Investigators. Left bundle-branch block is associated with increased 1-year sudden and total mortality rate in 5517 outpatients with congestive heart failure: a report from the Italian network on congestive heart failure. Am. Heart. J. 2002, 143:398-405.
    • (2002) Am. Heart. J. , vol.143 , pp. 398-405
    • Baldasseroni, S.1    Opasich, C.2    Gorini, M.3    Lucci, D.4    Marchionni, N.5    Marini, M.6    Campana, C.7    Perini, G.8    Deorsola, A.9    Masotti, G.10    Tavazzi, L.11    Maggioni, A.P.12
  • 12
    • 0017185755 scopus 로고
    • The composition of food consumed by Greenland Eskimos
    • Bang, H.O., Dyerberg, J. and Hjoorne, N., The composition of food consumed by Greenland Eskimos. Acta Med. Scand. 1976, 200:69-73.
    • (1976) Acta Med. Scand. , vol.200 , pp. 69-73
    • Bang, H.O.1    Dyerberg, J.2    Hjoorne, N.3
  • 13
    • 0022362713 scopus 로고
    • Enhancing effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on plasma fibrinolysis in normal subjects
    • Barcelli, U., Glas-Greenwalt, P. and Pollak, V.E., Enhancing effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on plasma fibrinolysis in normal subjects. Thromb. Res. 1985, 39:307-312.
    • (1985) Thromb. Res. , vol.39 , pp. 307-312
    • Barcelli, U.1    Glas-Greenwalt, P.2    Pollak, V.E.3
  • 14
    • 0028795695 scopus 로고
    • Effect of specific phospholipid molecular species incorporated in human platelet membranes on thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors
    • Bayon, Y., Croset, M., Daveloose, D., Guerbette, F., Chirouze, V., Viret, J., Kader, J.C. and Lagarde, M., Effect of specific phospholipid molecular species incorporated in human platelet membranes on thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors. J. Lipid Res. 1995, 36:47-56.
    • (1995) J. Lipid Res. , vol.36 , pp. 47-56
    • Bayon, Y.1    Croset, M.2    Daveloose, D.3    Guerbette, F.4    Chirouze, V.5    Viret, J.6    Kader, J.C.7    Lagarde, M.8
  • 15
    • 0028344229 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation by omega 3 fatty acids
    • Billman, G.E., Hallaq, H. and Leaf A. Prevention of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation by omega 3 fatty acids. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U S A. 1994, 91:4427-4430.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U S A. , vol.91 , pp. 4427-4430
    • Billman, G.E.1    Hallaq, H.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 17
    • 0034649248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure: fifty years of progress
    • Braunwald, E. and Bristow, M.R., Congestive heart failure: fifty years of progress. Circulation 2000; 102:IV14-23.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , Issue.4 , pp. 14-23
    • Braunwald, E.1    Bristow, M.R.2
  • 18
    • 0034620523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure
    • Bristow, M.R., beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000, 101:558-569.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 558-569
    • Bristow, M.R.1
  • 19
    • 33745100018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the Study on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ventricular Arrhythmia (SOFA) randomized trial
    • SOFA Study Group
    • Brouwer, I.A., Zock, P.L., Camm, A.J., Bocker, D., Hauer, R.N., Wever, E.F., Dullemeijer, C., Ronden, J.E., Katan, M.B., Lubinski, A., Buschler, H. and Schouten, E.G., SOFA Study Group. Effect of fish oil on ventricular tachyarrhythmia and death in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: the Study on Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Ventricular Arrhythmia (SOFA) randomized trial. JAMA 2006, 295:2613-2619.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 2613-2619
    • Brouwer, I.A.1    Zock, P.L.2    Camm, A.J.3    Bocker, D.4    Hauer, R.N.5    Wever, E.F.6    Dullemeijer, C.7    Ronden, J.E.8    Katan, M.B.9    Lubinski, A.10    Buschler, H.11    Schouten, E.G.12
  • 20
    • 0036124659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Bucher, H.C., Hengstler, P., Schindler, C. and Meier, G., N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am. J. Med. 2002, 112:298-304.
    • (2002) Am. J. Med. , vol.112 , pp. 298-304
    • Bucher, H.C.1    Hengstler, P.2    Schindler, C.3    Meier, G.4
  • 21
    • 3042680440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in men and women: nutritional and biologicalimplications
    • Burdge, G., Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in men and women: nutritional and biologicalimplications. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 2004, 7:137-144.
    • (2004) Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. , vol.7 , pp. 137-144
    • Burdge, G.1
  • 23
    • 0024363690 scopus 로고
    • Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART)
    • Burr, M.L., Fehily, A.M., Gilbert, J.F., Rogers, S., Holliday, R.M., Sweetnam, P.M., Elwood, P.C. and Deadman, N.M., Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet 1989, 2:757-761.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 757-761
    • Burr, M.L.1    Fehily, A.M.2    Gilbert, J.F.3    Rogers, S.4    Holliday, R.M.5    Sweetnam, P.M.6    Elwood, P.C.7    Deadman, N.M.8
  • 25
    • 0030038986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect on human tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta production of diets enriched in n-3 fatty acids from vegetable oil or fish oil
    • Caughey, G.E., Mantzioris, E., Gibson, R.A., Cleland, L.G. and James, M.J., The effect on human tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta production of diets enriched in n-3 fatty acids from vegetable oil or fish oil. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1996, 63:116-122.
    • (1996) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.63 , pp. 116-122
    • Caughey, G.E.1    Mantzioris, E.2    Gibson, R.A.3    Cleland, L.G.4    James, M.J.5
  • 26
    • 0030641290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1 beta synthesis by thromboxane A2 in nonadherent human monocytes
    • Caughey, G.E., Pouliot, M., Cleland, L.G. and James, M.J., Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1 beta synthesis by thromboxane A2 in nonadherent human monocytes. J. Immunol. 1997, 158:351-358.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.158 , pp. 351-358
    • Caughey, G.E.1    Pouliot, M.2    Cleland, L.G.3    James, M.J.4
  • 27
    • 0026492875 scopus 로고
    • Dietary modulation of lipid metabolism and mechanical performance of the heart
    • Charnock, J.S., McLennan, P.L. and Abeywardena, M.Y., Dietary modulation of lipid metabolism and mechanical performance of the heart. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1992, 116:19-25.
    • (1992) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.116 , pp. 19-25
    • Charnock, J.S.1    Mclennan, P.L.2    Abeywardena, M.Y.3
  • 29
    • 0028043888 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in human neutrophil superoxide anion generation by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: role of cyclooxygenase products and endothelium-derived relaxing factor
    • Chen, L.Y., Lawson, D.L. and Mehta, J.L., Reduction in human neutrophil superoxide anion generation by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: role of cyclooxygenase products and endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Thromb. Res. 1994, 76:317-322.
    • (1994) Thromb. Res. , vol.76 , pp. 317-322
    • Chen, L.Y.1    Lawson, D.L.2    Mehta, J.L.3
  • 30
    • 0027434553 scopus 로고
    • Marine oils dose-dependently inhibit vasoconstriction of forearm resistance vessels in humans
    • Chin, J.P., Gust, A.P., Nestel, P.J. and Dart, A.M., Marine oils dose-dependently inhibit vasoconstriction of forearm resistance vessels in humans. Hypertension 1993, 21:22-28.
    • (1993) Hypertension , vol.21 , pp. 22-28
    • Chin, J.P.1    Gust, A.P.2    Nestel, P.J.3    Dart, A.M.4
  • 31
    • 0029991252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil on heart rate variability in survivors of myocardial infarction: a double blind randomised controlled trial
    • Christensen, J.H., Gustenhoff, P., Korup, E., Aaroe, J., Toft, E., Moller, J., Rasmussen, K., Dyerberg, J. and Schmidt, E.B., Effect of fish oil on heart rate variability in survivors of myocardial infarction: a double blind randomised controlled trial. BMJ 1996, 312:677-678.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 677-678
    • Christensen, J.H.1    Gustenhoff, P.2    Korup, E.3    Aaroe, J.4    Toft, E.5    Moller, J.6    Rasmussen, K.7    Dyerberg, J.8    Schmidt, E.B.9
  • 32
    • 0344876117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • n-3 fatty acids and the risk of sudden cardiac death. Emphasis on heart rate variability
    • Christensen JH. n-3 fatty acids and the risk of sudden cardiac death. Emphasis on heart rate variability. Dan Med Bull 2003, 50: 347-367.
    • (2003) Dan Med Bull , vol.50 , pp. 347-367
    • Christensen, J.H.1
  • 33
    • 0030842475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish consumption, n-3 fatty acids in cell membranes, and heart rate variability in survivors of myocardial infarction with left ventriculardysfunction
    • Christensen, J.H., Korup, E., Aarøe, J., Toft, E., Møller, J., Rasmussen, K., Dyerberg, J. and Schmidt, E.B., Fish consumption, n-3 fatty acids in cell membranes, and heart rate variability in survivors of myocardial infarction with left ventriculardysfunction. Am. J. Cardiol. 1997, 79:1670-1673.
    • (1997) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.79 , pp. 1670-1673
    • Christensen, J.H.1    Korup, E.2    Aarøe, J.3    Toft, E.4    Møller, J.5    Rasmussen, K.6    Dyerberg, J.7    Schmidt, E.B.8
  • 34
    • 0001830347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigator and Committees. The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial
    • CIBIS-II
    • CIBIS-II. Investigator and Committees. The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet 1999, 353:9-13.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 9-13
  • 35
    • 16844364826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac Resynchronization-Heart Failure (CARE-HF) Study Investigators. The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure
    • Cleland, J.G., Daubert, J.C., Erdmann, E., Freemantle, N., Gras, D., Kappenberger, L. and Tavazzi, L., Cardiac Resynchronization-Heart Failure (CARE-HF) Study Investigators. The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 352:1539-1549.
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.352 , pp. 1539-1549
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Daubert, J.C.2    Erdmann, E.3    Freemantle, N.4    Gras, D.5    Kappenberger, L.6    Tavazzi, L.7
  • 36
    • 0025868972 scopus 로고
    • Lipid, lipoprotein, and hemostatic effects of fish vs fish-oil n-3 fatty acids in mildly hyperlipidemic males
    • Cobiac, L., Clifton, P.M., Abbey, M., Belling, G.B. and Nestel, P.J., Lipid, lipoprotein, and hemostatic effects of fish vs fish-oil n-3 fatty acids in mildly hyperlipidemic males. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1991, 53:1210-1216.
    • (1991) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.53 , pp. 1210-1216
    • Cobiac, L.1    Clifton, P.M.2    Abbey, M.3    Belling, G.B.4    Nestel, P.J.5
  • 37
    • 0019921253 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that thromboxane contributes to ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion of the ischaemic myocardium
    • Coker, S.J., Parratt, J.R., Ledingham, I.M. and Zeitlin, I.J., Evidence that thromboxane contributes to ventricular fibrillation induced by reperfusion of the ischaemic myocardium. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1982, 14:483-485.
    • (1982) J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. , vol.14 , pp. 483-485
    • Coker, S.J.1    Parratt, J.R.2    Ledingham, I.M.3    Zeitlin, I.J.4
  • 38
    • 0029890380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of fish oil N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules
    • Collie-Duguid, E.S. and Wahle, K.W., Inhibitory effect of fish oil N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1996, 220:969-974.
    • (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.220 , pp. 969-974
    • Collie-Duguid, E.S.1    Wahle, K.W.2
  • 39
    • 0035895997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is not rate-limiting for the lipoprotein-lowering action of fish oil
    • Dallongeville, J., Bauge, E., Tailleux, A., Peters, J.M., Gonzalez, F.J., Fruchart, J.C. and Staels, B., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is not rate-limiting for the lipoprotein-lowering action of fish oil. J. Biol. Chem. 2001, 276:4634-4639.
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 4634-4639
    • Dallongeville, J.1    Bauge, E.2    Tailleux, A.3    Peters, J.M.4    Gonzalez, F.J.5    Fruchart, J.C.6    Staels, B.7
  • 41
    • 0028128688 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus and its relationship to the cytokine network
    • Das, U.N., Beneficial effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus and its relationship to the cytokine network. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 1994, 51:207-213.
    • (1994) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.51 , pp. 207-213
    • Das, U.N.1
  • 43
    • 0029866219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules by fatty acids
    • De Caterina, R. and Libby, P., Control of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules by fatty acids. Lipids 1996, 31:S57-63.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31
    • De Caterina, R.1    Libby, P.2
  • 44
    • 0028172777 scopus 로고
    • The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate reduces cytokine-induced expression of proatherogenic and proinflammatory proteins in human endothelial cells
    • De Caterina, R., Cybulsky, M.I., Clinton, S.K., Gimbrone, M.A. Jr., and Libby, P., The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoate reduces cytokine-induced expression of proatherogenic and proinflammatory proteins in human endothelial cells. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1994, 14:1829-1836.
    • (1994) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.14 , pp. 1829-1836
    • De Caterina, R.1    Cybulsky, M.I.2    Clinton, S.K.3    Gimbrone Jr., M.A.4    Libby, P.5
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0025002663 scopus 로고
    • Vascular prostacyclin is increased in patients ingesting omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids before coronary artery bypass graft surgery
    • De Caterina, R., Giannessi, D., Mazzone, A., Bernini, W., Lazzerini, G., Maffei, S., Cerri, M., Salvatore, L. and Weksler, B., Vascular prostacyclin is increased in patients ingesting omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids before coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Circulation 1990, 82:428-438.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , pp. 428-438
    • De Caterina, R.1    Giannessi, D.2    Mazzone, A.3    Bernini, W.4    Lazzerini, G.5    Maffei, S.6    Cerri, M.7    Salvatore, L.8    Weksler, B.9
  • 48
    • 0034025445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on contractile function of hearts isolated from sedentary and trained rats
    • Demaison, L., Blet, J., Sergiel, J.P., Gregoire, S. and Argaud, D., Effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on contractile function of hearts isolated from sedentary and trained rats. Reprod Nutr. Dev. 2000, 40:113-125.
    • (2000) Reprod Nutr. Dev. , vol.40 , pp. 113-125
    • Demaison, L.1    Blet, J.2    Sergiel, J.P.3    Gregoire, S.4    Argaud, D.5
  • 49
    • 0027078768 scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid at hypotriglyceridemic dose enhances the epatic antioxidant defense in mice
    • Demoz, A. Willumsen, N. and Berge, R.K., Eicosapentaenoic acid at hypotriglyceridemic dose enhances the epatic antioxidant defense in mice. Lipids 1992, 27:968-971.
    • (1992) Lipids , vol.27 , pp. 968-971
    • Demoz, A.1    Willumsen, N.2    Berge, R.K.3
  • 51
    • 0035667927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid modulate MAP kinase (ERK1/ERK2) signaling in human T cells
    • Denys, A., Hichami, A. and Khan, N.A., Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid modulate MAP kinase (ERK1/ERK2) signaling in human T cells. J. Lipid Res. 2001, 42:2015-2020.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 2015-2020
    • Denys, A.1    Hichami, A.2    Khan, N.A.3
  • 52
    • 0036010761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid modulate MAP kinase enzyme activity in human T-cells
    • Denys, A., Hichami, A. and Khan, N.A., Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid modulate MAP kinase enzyme activity in human T-cells. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2002, 232:143-148.
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.232 , pp. 143-148
    • Denys, A.1    Hichami, A.2    Khan, N.A.3
  • 53
    • 0034814189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid modulates phorbol ester-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 in NIH/3T3 cells
    • Denys, A., Hichami, A., Maume, B. and Khan, N.A., Docosahexaenoic acid modulates phorbol ester-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 in NIH/3T3 cells. Lipids 2001, 36:813-818.
    • (2001) Lipids , vol.36 , pp. 813-818
    • Denys, A.1    Hichami, A.2    Maume, B.3    Khan, N.A.4
  • 54
    • 0001273923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of Health and Human Services, US Food and Drug Administration, Federal Register. June 5, 21 CFR Part 184 [Docket No. 86G-0289], Accessed October 3, 2002
    • Department of Health and Human Services, US Food and Drug Administration. Substances affirmed as generally recognized as safe: menhaden oil. Federal Register. June 5, 1997. Vol. 62, No. 108: pp 30751-30757. 21 CFR Part 184 [Docket No. 86G-0289]. Available at: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1997_register &docid=fr05jn97-5. Accessed October 3, 2002.
    • (1997) Substances affirmed as generally recognized as safe: menhaden oil , vol.62 , Issue.108 , pp. 30751-30757
  • 55
    • 0033679198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha ligand, induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by stimulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
    • Diep, Q.N., Touyz, R.M. and Schiffrin, E.L., Docosahexaenoic acid, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha ligand, induces apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by stimulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Hypertension 2000, 36:851-855.
    • (2000) Hypertension , vol.36 , pp. 851-855
    • Diep, Q.N.1    Touyz, R.M.2    Schiffrin, E.L.3
  • 56
    • 0026038278 scopus 로고
    • Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)
    • Dolecek, T.A. and Granditis G. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). World. Rev. Nutr. Diet. 1991, 66:205-216.
    • (1991) World. Rev. Nutr. Diet. , vol.66 , pp. 205-216
    • Dolecek, T.A.1    Granditis, G.2
  • 57
    • 0029845123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical therapy can improve the biological properties of the chronically failing heart. A new era in the treatment of heart failure
    • Eichhorn, E.J. and Bristow, M.R., Medical therapy can improve the biological properties of the chronically failing heart. A new era in the treatment of heart failure. Circulation 1996, 94:2285-2296.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2285-2296
    • Eichhorn, E.J.1    Bristow, M.R.2
  • 58
    • 0028068555 scopus 로고
    • Dietary linoleic acid influences desaturation and acylation of deuterium-labeled linoleic and linolenic acids in young adult males
    • Emken, E.A., Adlof, R.O. and Gulley, R.M., Dietary linoleic acid influences desaturation and acylation of deuterium-labeled linoleic and linolenic acids in young adult males. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1994, 1213: 277-288.
    • (1994) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , vol.1213 , pp. 277-288
    • Emken, E.A.1    Adlof, R.O.2    Gulley, R.M.3
  • 61
    • 0024384428 scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 fatty acids on blood rheology
    • Ernst, E., Effects of n-3 fatty acids on blood rheology. J. Intern. Med. Suppl. 1989, 731:129-132.
    • (1989) J. Intern. Med. Suppl. , vol.731 , pp. 129-132
    • Ernst, E.1
  • 62
    • 0035039353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac excitation- contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction
    • Ferrier, G.R. and Howlett, S.E., Cardiac excitation- contraction coupling: role of membrane potential in regulation of contraction. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2001, 280: H1928-1944.
    • (2001) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.280
    • Ferrier, G.R.1    Howlett, S.E.2
  • 63
    • 0036267789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of docosahexaenoic acid on contractions and L-type Ca2+ current in adult cardiac myocytes
    • Ferrier, G.R., Redondo, I., Zhu, J. and Murphy, M.G., Differential effects of docosahexaenoic acid on contractions and L-type Ca2+ current in adult cardiac myocytes. Cardiovasc. Res. 2002, 54:601-610.
    • (2002) Cardiovasc. Res. , vol.54 , pp. 601-610
    • Ferrier, G.R.1    Redondo, I.2    Zhu, J.3    Murphy, M.G.4
  • 64
    • 0025320409 scopus 로고
    • Dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces superoxide production and chemiluminescence in a monocyte-enriched preparation of leukocytes
    • Fisher, M., Levine, P.H., Weiner, B.H., Johnson, M.H., Doyle, E.M, Ellis, P.A. and Hoogasian, J.J., Dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces superoxide production and chemiluminescence in a monocyte-enriched preparation of leukocytes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990, 51:804-808.
    • (1990) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.51 , pp. 804-808
    • Fisher, M.1    Levine, P.H.2    Weiner, B.H.3    Johnson, M.H.4    Doyle, E.M.5    Ellis, P.A.6    Hoogasian, J.J.7
  • 65
    • 0010838455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. ACE Inhibitor Myocardial Infarction Collaborative Group
    • Flather, M.D., Yusuf, S., Køber, L., Pfeffer, M., Hall, A., Murray, G., Torp-Pedersen, C., Ball, S., Pogue, J., Moyé, L. and Braunwald, E., Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. ACE Inhibitor Myocardial Infarction Collaborative Group. Lancet 2000, 355:1575-1581.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1575-1581
    • Flather, M.D.1    Yusuf, S.2    Køber, L.3    Pfeffer, M.4    Hall, A.5    Murray, G.6    Torp-Pedersen, C.7    Ball, S.8    Pogue, J.9    Moyé, L.10    Braunwald, E.11
  • 66
    • 23044506545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adherence to heart failure quality-of-care indicators in US hospitals: analysis of the ADHERE Registry
    • Fonarow, G.C., Yancy, C.W. and Heywood , J.T., Adherence to heart failure quality-of-care indicators in US hospitals: analysis of the ADHERE Registry. Arch. Intern. Med. 2005, 165:1469-1477.
    • (2005) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.165 , pp. 1469-1477
    • Fonarow, G.C.1    Yancy, C.W.2    Heywood, J.T.3
  • 67
    • 50649089781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BEAUTIFUL investigators. Heart rate as a prognostic risk factor in patients with coronary artery disease and left-ventricular systolic dysfunction (BEAUTIFUL): a subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial
    • Fox, K., Ford, I., Steg, P.G., Tendera, M., Robertson, M. and Ferrari, R., BEAUTIFUL investigators. Heart rate as a prognostic risk factor in patients with coronary artery disease and left-ventricular systolic dysfunction (BEAUTIFUL): a subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008, 372:817-821.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 817-821
    • Fox, K.1    Ford, I.2    Steg, P.G.3    Tendera, M.4    Robertson, M.5    Ferrari, R.6
  • 68
    • 0023693350 scopus 로고
    • Fish oils inhibit endothelial cell production of platelet-derived growth factor like protein
    • Fox, P.L. and DiCorleto, P.E., Fish oils inhibit endothelial cell production of platelet-derived growth factor like protein. Science 1988, 241:453-456.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 453-456
    • Fox, P.L.1    Dicorleto, P.E.2
  • 70
    • 14544297938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 fatty acids from fish on premature ventricular complexes and heart rate in humans
    • Geelen, A., Brouwer, I.A., Schouten, E.G., Maan, A.C., Katan, M.B. and Zock, P.L., Effects of n-3 fatty acids from fish on premature ventricular complexes and heart rate in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2005, 81: 416-420.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81 , pp. 416-420
    • Geelen, A.1    Brouwer, I.A.2    Schouten, E.G.3    Maan, A.C.4    Katan, M.B.5    Zock, P.L.6
  • 71
    • 0036791098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids do not affect electrocardiographic characteristics of healthy men and women
    • Geelen, A., Brouwer, I.A., Zock, P.L., Kors, J.A., Swenne, C.A., Katan, M.B. and Schouten, E.G., N-3 fatty acids do not affect electrocardiographic characteristics of healthy men and women. J. Nutr. 2002, 132: 3051-3054.
    • (2002) J. Nutr. , vol.132 , pp. 3051-3054
    • Geelen, A.1    Brouwer, I.A.2    Zock, P.L.3    Kors, J.A.4    Swenne, C.A.5    Katan, M.B.6    Schouten, E.G.7
  • 72
    • 0036668195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: metaregression analysis of randomized trials
    • Geleijnse, J.M., Giltay, E.J., Grobbee, D.E., Donders, A.R. and Kok, F.J., Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: metaregression analysis of randomized trials. J. Hypertens. 2002, 20:1493-1499.
    • (2002) J. Hypertens. , vol.20 , pp. 1493-1499
    • Geleijnse, J.M.1    Giltay, E.J.2    Grobbee, D.E.3    Donders, A.R.4    Kok, F.J.5
  • 73
    • 0033105482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid-induced modulation of ouabain responsiveness of rat Na, K-ATPase isoforms
    • Gerbi, A. and Maixent, J.M., Fatty acid-induced modulation of ouabain responsiveness of rat Na, K-ATPase isoforms. J. Membr. Biol. 1999, 168:19-27.
    • (1999) J. Membr. Biol. , vol.168 , pp. 19-27
    • Gerbi, A.1    Maixent, J.M.2
  • 74
    • 8244247109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration of Na,K-ATPase isoenzymes in diabetic cardiomyopathy: effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil (n-3 fatty acids) in rats
    • Gerbi, A., Barbey, O., Raccah, D., Coste, T., Jamme, I., Nouvelot, A., Ouafik L, Levy, S., Vague, P. and Maixent, J.M., Alteration of Na,K-ATPase isoenzymes in diabetic cardiomyopathy: effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil (n-3 fatty acids) in rats. Diabetologia 1997, 40:496-505.
    • (1997) Diabetologia , vol.40 , pp. 496-505
    • Gerbi, A.1    Barbey, O.2    Raccah, D.3    Coste, T.4    Jamme, I.5    Nouvelot, A.6    Ouafik, L.7    Levy, S.8    Vague, P.9    Maixent, J.M.10
  • 75
    • 0020973497 scopus 로고
    • Human neutrophil chemotactic and degranulating activities of leukotriene B5 (LTB5) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid
    • Goldman, D.W., Pickett, W.C. and Goetzl, E.J., Human neutrophil chemotactic and degranulating activities of leukotriene B5 (LTB5) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1983, 117:282-288.
    • (1983) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.117 , pp. 282-288
    • Goldman, D.W.1    Pickett, W.C.2    Goetzl, E.J.3
  • 77
    • 0019818297 scopus 로고
    • The effects of dietary omega 3 fatty acids on platelet composition and function in man: a prospective, controlled study
    • Goodnight, S.H. Jr., Harris, W.S., Connor, W.E., The effects of dietary omega 3 fatty acids on platelet composition and function in man: a prospective, controlled study. Blood 1981, 58:880-885.
    • (1981) Blood , vol.58 , pp. 880-885
    • Goodnight Jr., S.H.1    Harris, W.S.2    Connor, W.E.3
  • 78
    • 0031801260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on hemodynamics in humans
    • Grimsgaard, S., Bønaa, K.H., Hansen, J.B. and Myhre, E.S., Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on hemodynamics in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1998, 68:52-59.
    • (1998) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.68 , pp. 52-59
    • Grimsgaard, S.1    Bønaa, K.H.2    Hansen, J.B.3    Myhre, E.S.4
  • 79
    • 0345109256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial
    • Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico
    • Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet 1999, 354:447-455.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 447-455
  • 80
    • 0025776067 scopus 로고
    • The decrease in osmotic fragility of erythrocytes during supplementation with n-3 fatty acids is a transient phenomenon
    • Hagve, T.A., Gronn, M. and Christophersen, B.O., The decrease in osmotic fragility of erythrocytes during supplementation with n-3 fatty acids is a transient phenomenon. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1991, 51:493-495.
    • (1991) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.51 , pp. 493-495
    • Hagve, T.A.1    Gronn, M.2    Christophersen, B.O.3
  • 81
    • 0025047434 scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on ouabain toxicity in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes
    • Hallaq, H., Sellmayer, A., Smith, T.W. and Leaf, A., Protective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on ouabain toxicity in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1990, 87:7834-7838.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.87 , pp. 7834-7838
    • Hallaq, H.1    Sellmayer, A.2    Smith, T.W.3    Leaf, A.4
  • 82
    • 0026556823 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in heart cells by fish oil fatty acids
    • Hallaq, H., Smith, T.W. and Leaf, A., Modulation of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in heart cells by fish oil fatty acids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1992, 89:1760-1764.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.89 , pp. 1760-1764
    • Hallaq, H.1    Smith, T.W.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 83
    • 0034655115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid does not influence PAI-1 activity
    • Hansen, J., Grimsgaard, S., Nordoy, A. and Bonaa, KH., Dietary supplementation with highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid does not influence PAI-1 activity. Thromb. Res. 2000, 98:123-132.
    • (2000) Thromb. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 123-132
    • Hansen, J.1    Grimsgaard, S.2    Nordoy, A.3    Bonaa, K.H.4
  • 84
    • 0027511188 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of exercise-induced shortening of bleeding time by fish oil in familial hypercholesterolemia (type IIa)
    • Hansen, J.B., Lyngmo, V., Svensson, B. and Nordoy, A., Inhibition of exercise-induced shortening of bleeding time by fish oil in familial hypercholesterolemia (type IIa). Arterioscler. Thromb. 1993, 13:98-104.
    • (1993) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.13 , pp. 98-104
    • Hansen, J.B.1    Lyngmo, V.2    Svensson, B.3    Nordoy, A.4
  • 85
    • 0024386571 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary supplementation with cod liver oil on monocyte thromboplastin synthesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis
    • Hansen, J.B., Olsen, J.O., Wilsgard, L. and Osterud, B., Effects of dietary supplementation with cod liver oil on monocyte thromboplastin synthesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis. J. Intern. Med. Suppl. 1989, 731:133-139.
    • (1989) J. Intern. Med. Suppl. , vol.731 , pp. 133-139
    • Hansen, J.B.1    Olsen, J.O.2    Wilsgard, L.3    Osterud, B.4
  • 86
    • 28044446988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of omega-3 fatty acids and the prevention of coronary heart disease
    • Harper, C.R. and Jacobson, T.A., Usefulness of omega-3 fatty acids and the prevention of coronary heart disease. Am. J. Cardiol. 2005, 96:1521-1529.
    • (2005) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.96 , pp. 1521-1529
    • Harper, C.R.1    Jacobson, T.A.2
  • 88
    • 0021717902 scopus 로고
    • Dietary omega-3 fatty acids prevent carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia
    • Harris, W.S., Connor, W.E., Inkeles, S.B. and Illingworth, D.R., Dietary omega-3 fatty acids prevent carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Metabolism 1984, 33:1016-1019.
    • (1984) Metabolism , vol.33 , pp. 1016-1019
    • Harris, W.S.1    Connor, W.E.2    Inkeles, S.B.3    Illingworth, D.R.4
  • 89
    • 33947181467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding-cause for concern?
    • Harris, W.S., Expert opinion: omega-3 fatty acids and bleeding-cause for concern? Am. J. Cardiol. 2007, 99:44C-46C.
    • (2007) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.99
    • Harris, W.S.1
  • 91
    • 0030897717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • n-3 fatty acids and urinary excretion of nitric oxide metabolites in humans
    • Harris, W.S., Rambjor, G.S., Windsor, S.L. and Diederich, D., n-3 fatty acids and urinary excretion of nitric oxide metabolites in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997, 65:459-464.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 459-464
    • Harris, W.S.1    Rambjor, G.S.2    Windsor, S.L.3    Diederich, D.4
  • 92
    • 2942548948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • He, K., Song ,Y., Daviglus, M.L., Liu, K., Van Horn, L., Dyer, A.R. and Greenland, P., Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 2004, 109:2705-2711.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 2705-2711
    • He, K.1    Song, Y.2    Daviglus, M.L.3    Liu, K.4    Van Horn, L.5    Dyer, A.R.6    Greenland, P.7
  • 93
    • 0027260277 scopus 로고
    • Effects on fibrinolytic activity of corn oil and a fish oil preparation enriched with omega-3- polyunsaturated fatty acids in a long-term study
    • Hellsten, G., Boman, K., Saarem, K., Hallmans, G. and Nilsson, T.K., Effects on fibrinolytic activity of corn oil and a fish oil preparation enriched with omega-3- polyunsaturated fatty acids in a long-term study. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 1993, 13:133-139.
    • (1993) Curr. Med. Res. Opin. , vol.13 , pp. 133-139
    • Hellsten, G.1    Boman, K.2    Saarem, K.3    Hallmans, G.4    Nilsson, T.K.5
  • 94
    • 0029056211 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of effects of N-3 to N-6 fatty acids on serum level of lipoprotein(a) in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Herrmann, W., Biermann, J. and Kostner, G.M., Comparison of effects of N-3 to N-6 fatty acids on serum level of lipoprotein(a) in patients with coronary artery disease. Am. J. Cardiol. 1995, 76:459-462.
    • (1995) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.76 , pp. 459-462
    • Herrmann, W.1    Biermann, J.2    Kostner, G.M.3
  • 96
    • 0025173269 scopus 로고
    • Influence of dietary n-3 fatty acids on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion
    • Hock, C.E., Beck, L.D., Bodine, R.C. and Reibel, D.K., Influence of dietary n-3 fatty acids on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Am. J. Physiol. 1990, 259:H1518-1526.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259
    • Hock, C.E.1    Beck, L.D.2    Bodine, R.C.3    Reibel, D.K.4
  • 97
    • 0023219425 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary fish oil on myocardial phospholipids and myocardial ischemic damage
    • Hock, C.E., Holahan, M.A. and Reibel, D.K., Effect of dietary fish oil on myocardial phospholipids and myocardial ischemic damage. Am. J. Physiol. 1987, 252:554-560.
    • (1987) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.252 , pp. 554-560
    • Hock, C.E.1    Holahan, M.A.2    Reibel, D.K.3
  • 101
    • 0035846616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelinesm: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Endorsed by the Heart Failure Society of America
    • (Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure)
    • Hunt, S.A., Baker, D.W., Chin, M.H., Cinquegrani, M.P., Feldman, A.M., Francis, G.S., Ganiats, T.G., Goldstein, S., Gregoratos, G., Jessup, M.L., Noble, R.J., Packer, M., Silver, M.A., Stevenson, L.W., Gibbons, R.J., Antman, E.M., Alpert, J.S., Faxon, D.P., Fuster, V., Gregoratos, G., Jacobs, A.K., Hiratzka, L.F., Russell, R.O.and Smith, S.C. Jr., ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelinesm(Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Endorsed by the Heart Failure Society of America. Circulation 2001, 104:2996-3007.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 2996-3007
    • Hunt, S.A.1    Baker, D.W.2    Chin, M.H.3    Cinquegrani, M.P.4    Feldman, A.M.5    Francis, G.S.6    Ganiats, T.G.7    Goldstein, S.8    Gregoratos, G.9    Jessup, M.L.10    Noble, R.J.11    Packer, M.12    Silver, M.A.13    Stevenson, L.W.14    Gibbons, R.J.15    Antman, E.M.16    Alpert, J.S.17    Faxon, D.P.18    Fuster, V.19    Gregoratos, G.20    more..
  • 102
    • 0018968665 scopus 로고
    • Identification of shellfish fatty acids and their effects on lipogenic enzymes
    • Iritani, N., Inoguchi, K., Endo, M., Fukuda, E. and Morita, M., Identification of shellfish fatty acids and their effects on lipogenic enzymes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1980, 618:378-382.
    • (1980) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , vol.618 , pp. 378-382
    • Iritani, N.1    Inoguchi, K.2    Endo, M.3    Fukuda, E.4    Morita, M.5
  • 103
    • 33645007540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intake of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease among Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-Based (JPHC) Study Cohort I
    • Iso, H., Kobayashi, M., Ishihara, J., Sasaki, S., Okada, K., Kita, Y., Kokubo, Y. and Tsugane, S., Intake of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease among Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-Based (JPHC) Study Cohort I. Circulation 2006, 113:195-202.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 195-202
    • Iso, H.1    Kobayashi, M.2    Ishihara, J.3    Sasaki, S.4    Okada, K.5    Kita, Y.6    Kokubo, Y.7    Tsugane, S.8
  • 104
    • 0032814457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of gene expression by dietary fat
    • Jump, D.B. and Clarke, S.D., Regulation of gene expression by dietary fat. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 1999, 19:63-90.
    • (1999) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.19 , pp. 63-90
    • Jump, D.B.1    Clarke, S.D.2
  • 105
    • 0027483450 scopus 로고
    • Dietary omega-3 fatty acids lower levels of platelet-derived growth factor mRNA in human mononuclear cells
    • Kaminski, W.E., Jendraschak, E., Kiefl, R. and von Schacky, C., Dietary omega-3 fatty acids lower levels of platelet-derived growth factor mRNA in human mononuclear cells. Blood 1993; 81:1871-1879.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 1871-1879
    • Kaminski, W.E.1    Jendraschak, E.2    Kiefl, R.3    von Schacky, C.4
  • 106
    • 0033957953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of fatal cardiac arrhythmias by polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Kang ,J.X. and Leaf, A., Prevention of fatal cardiac arrhythmias by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000, 71:202S-207S.
    • (2000) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.71
    • Kang, J.X.1    Leaf, A.2
  • 107
    • 0029778446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Antiarrhythmic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Recent studies. Circulation 1996, 94:1774-1780.
    • (1996) Recent studies. Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 1774-1780
    • Kang, J.X.1    Leaf, A.2
  • 108
    • 0028067986 scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on the contraction of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes
    • Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on the contraction of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1994, 91:9886-9890.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.91 , pp. 9886-9890
    • Kang, J.X.1    Leaf, A.2
  • 109
    • 0030029410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of free polyunsaturated fatty acids on arrhythmias induced by lysophosphatidylcholine or palmitoylcarnitine in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes
    • Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Protective effects of free polyunsaturated fatty acids on arrhythmias induced by lysophosphatidylcholine or palmitoylcarnitine in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1996, 297:97-106.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.297 , pp. 97-106
    • Kang, J.X.1    Leaf, A.2
  • 110
    • 0029000725 scopus 로고
    • Free, long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce membrane electrical excitability in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes
    • Kang, J.X., Xiao, Y.F. and Leaf, A., Free, long-chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce membrane electrical excitability in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1995, 92:3997-4001.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.92 , pp. 3997-4001
    • Kang, J.X.1    Xiao, Y.F.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 113
    • 0031409193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro human endothelial cell production of interleukin-6
    • Khalfoun, B., Thibault, F., Watier, H., Bardos, P. and Lebranchu, Y. Docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro human endothelial cell production of interleukin-6. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1997, 400B:589-597.
    • (1997) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. , vol.400 B , pp. 589-597
    • Khalfoun, B.1    Thibault, F.2    Watier, H.3    Bardos, P.4    Lebranchu, Y.5
  • 115
    • 0034634590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of neuronal apoptosis by docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3). Role of phosphatidylserine in antiapoptotic effect
    • Kim, H.Y., Akbar, M., Lau, A. and Edsall, L., Inhibition of neuronal apoptosis by docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3). Role of phosphatidylserine in antiapoptotic effect. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:35215-35223.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 35215-35223
    • Kim, H.Y.1    Akbar, M.2    Lau, A.3    Edsall, L.4
  • 116
    • 0028608156 scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid during myocardial infarction enhanced cardiac microsomal (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase activity
    • Kinoshita, I., Itoh, K., Nishida-Nakai, M., Hirota, H., Otsuji, S. and Shibata, N., Antiarrhythmic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid during myocardial infarction enhanced cardiac microsomal (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase activity. Jpn. Circ. J. 1994, 58:903-912.
    • (1994) Jpn. Circ. J. , vol.58 , pp. 903-912
    • Kinoshita, I.1    Itoh, K.2    Nishida-Nakai, M.3    Hirota, H.4    Otsuji, S.5    Shibata, N.6
  • 117
    • 0022570447 scopus 로고
    • In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish-oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis
    • Knapp, H.R., Reilly, I.A., Alessandrini, P. and FitzGerald, G.A., In vivo indexes of platelet and vascular function during fish-oil administration in patients with atherosclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 1986, 314:937-942.
    • (1986) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.314 , pp. 937-942
    • Knapp, H.R.1    Reilly, I.A.2    Alessandrini, P.3    Fitzgerald, G.A.4
  • 118
    • 0037137299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease
    • Kris-Etherton, P.M., Harris, W.S. and Appel, L.J., Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002, 106:2747-2757.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2747-2757
    • Kris-Etherton, P.M.1    Harris, W.S.2    Appel, L.J.3
  • 119
    • 0021812276 scopus 로고
    • The inverse relation between fish consuption and 20 year mortality from coronary heart disease
    • Kromhout, D., Bosschieter, E.B. and de Lezenne Coulander, C., The inverse relation between fish consuption and 20 year mortality from coronary heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 1985, 312: 1205-1209.
    • (1985) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.312 , pp. 1205-1209
    • Kromhout, D.1    Bosschieter, E.B.2    de Lezenne Coulander, C.3
  • 120
    • 27644434986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: full text (update 2005)
    • Krum, H., The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: full text (update 2005).Eur. Heart. J. 2005, 26:2472.
    • (2005) Eur. Heart. J. , vol.26 , pp. 2472
    • Krum, H.1
  • 121
    • 0028360403 scopus 로고
    • Effect of prostaglandins and their precursors on the proliferation of human lymphocytes and their secretion of tumor necrosis factor and various interleukins
    • Kumar, G.S. and Das, U.N., Effect of prostaglandins and their precursors on the proliferation of human lymphocytes and their secretion of tumor necrosis factor and various interleukins. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 1994, 50:331-334.
    • (1994) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.50 , pp. 331-334
    • Kumar, G.S.1    Das, U.N.2
  • 122
    • 27844607043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for the Fatty Acid Antiarrhythmia Trial Investigators. Prevention of Fatal Arrhythmias in High-Risk Subjects by Fish Oil n-3 Fatty Acid Intake
    • Leaf, A., Albert, C.M., Josephson, M., Steinhaus, D., Kluger, J., Kang, J.X., Cox, B., Zhang, H. and Schoenfeld, D. for the Fatty Acid Antiarrhythmia Trial Investigators. Prevention of Fatal Arrhythmias in High-Risk Subjects by Fish Oil n-3 Fatty Acid Intake. Circulation 2005, 112:2762-2768.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 2762-2768
    • Leaf, A.1    Albert, C.M.2    Josephson, M.3    Steinhaus, D.4    Kluger, J.5    Kang, J.X.6    Cox, B.7    Zhang, H.8    Schoenfeld, D.9
  • 123
    • 0028890392 scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and prevention of ventricular fibrillation
    • Leaf, A., Omega-3 fatty acids and prevention of ventricular fibrillation. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acid 1995, 52:197-198.
    • (1995) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acid , vol.52 , pp. 197-198
    • Leaf, A.1
  • 124
    • 0002913038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The electrophysiological basis for the antiarrhythmic actions of polyunsaturated fatty acid
    • Leaf, A., The electrophysiological basis for the antiarrhythmic actions of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Eur. Heart J. 2001, 3:D98-D105.
    • (2001) Eur. Heart J. , vol.3
    • Leaf, A.1
  • 125
    • 0038700514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of sudden cardiac death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Leaf, A., Xiao, Y.F., Kang, J.X. and Billman, G,E., Prevention of sudden cardiac death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Pharmacol Ther. 2003, 98:355-377.
    • (2003) Pharmacol Ther. , vol.98 , pp. 355-377
    • Leaf, A.1    Xiao, Y.F.2    Kang, J.X.3    Billman, G.E.4
  • 126
    • 0026055996 scopus 로고
    • Dietary fish oil reduces leukocyte/endothelium interaction following systemic administration of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein
    • Lehr, H.A., Hubner, C., Finckh, B., Nolte, D., Beisiegel, U., Kohlschutter, A. and Messmer, K.. Dietary fish oil reduces leukocyte/endothelium interaction following systemic administration of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein. Circulation 1991, 84:1725-1731.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.84 , pp. 1725-1731
    • Lehr, H.A.1    Hubner, C.2    Finckh, B.3    Nolte, D.4    Beisiegel, U.5    Kohlschutter, A.6    Messmer, K.7
  • 128
    • 0030810828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of various eicosanoids on the production or prevention of arrhythmias in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes
    • Li, Y., Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Differential effects of various eicosanoids on the production or prevention of arrhythmias in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Prostaglandins 1997, 54:511-530.
    • (1997) Prostaglandins , vol.54 , pp. 511-530
    • Li, Y.1    Kang, J.X.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 129
    • 0032817672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil decreases macrophage tumor necrosis factor gene transcription by altering the NF kappa B activity
    • Lo, C.J., Chiu, K.C., Fu, M., Lo, R. and Helton, S., Fish oil decreases macrophage tumor necrosis factor gene transcription by altering the NF kappa B activity. J. Surg. Res. 1999, 82:216-221.
    • (1999) J. Surg. Res. , vol.82 , pp. 216-221
    • Lo, C.J.1    Chiu, K.C.2    Fu, M.3    Lo, R.4    Helton, S.5
  • 130
    • 0037036429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid in hippocampus of rats exposed to gamma-irradiation
    • Lonergan, P.E., Martin, D.S., Horrobin, D.F. and Lynch, M.A., Neuroprotective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid in hippocampus of rats exposed to gamma-irradiation. J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277: 20804-20811.
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 20804-20811
    • Lonergan, P.E.1    Martin, D.S.2    Horrobin, D.F.3    Lynch, M.A.4
  • 134
    • 0023662068 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of dietary fish oil and carbohydrate on plasma lipids and hepatic activities of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase and neutral lipase activities in the rat
    • Marsh, J.B., Topping, D.L. and Nestel, P.J., Comparative effects of dietary fish oil and carbohydrate on plasma lipids and hepatic activities of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase and neutral lipase activities in the rat. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1987, 922:239-243.
    • (1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , vol.922 , pp. 239-243
    • Marsh, J.B.1    Topping, D.L.2    Nestel, P.J.3
  • 135
    • 0032730324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sterol response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) is involved in the polyunsaturated fatty acid suppression of hepatic S14 gene transcription
    • Mater, M.K., Thelen, A.P., Pan, D.A., and Jump, D.B., Sterol response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) is involved in the polyunsaturated fatty acid suppression of hepatic S14 gene transcription. J Biol Chem. 1999, 274:32725-32732.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 32725-32732
    • Mater, M.K.1    Thelen, A.P.2    Pan, D.A.3    Jump, D.B.4
  • 137
    • 0023762651 scopus 로고
    • Dietary fish oil prevents ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion
    • McLennan, P.L., Abeywardena, M.Y. and Charnock, J.S., Dietary fish oil prevents ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Am. Heart J. 1988, 116:709-717.
    • (1988) Am. Heart J. , vol.116 , pp. 709-717
    • Mclennan, P.L.1    Abeywardena, M.Y.2    Charnock, J.S.3
  • 138
    • 0025064170 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of the arrhythmogenic effects of long-term saturated fatty acid intake by dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • McLennan, P.L., Abeywardena, M.Y. and Charnock, J.S., Reversal of the arrhythmogenic effects of long-term saturated fatty acid intake by dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990, 51:53-58.
    • (1990) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.51 , pp. 53-58
    • Mclennan, P.L.1    Abeywardena, M.Y.2    Charnock, J.S.3
  • 139
    • 0026707269 scopus 로고
    • Dietary fat modulation of left ventricular ejection fraction in the marmoset due to enhanced filling
    • McLennan, P.L., Barnden, L.R., Bridle, T.M., Abeywardena, M.Y. and Charnock, J.S., Dietary fat modulation of left ventricular ejection fraction in the marmoset due to enhanced filling. Cardiovasc. Res. 1992, 26:871-877.
    • (1992) Cardiovasc. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 871-877
    • Mclennan, P.L.1    Barnden, L.R.2    Bridle, T.M.3    Abeywardena, M.Y.4    Charnock, J.S.5
  • 140
    • 0026642652 scopus 로고
    • Dietary lipid modulation of ventricular fibrillation threshold in the marmoset monkey
    • McLennan, P.L., Bridle, T.M., Abeywardena, M.Y. and Charnock, J.S., Dietary lipid modulation of ventricular fibrillation threshold in the marmoset monkey. Am. Heart. J. 1992, 123:1555-1561.
    • (1992) Am. Heart. J. , vol.123 , pp. 1555-1561
    • Mclennan, P.L.1    Bridle, T.M.2    Abeywardena, M.Y.3    Charnock, J.S.4
  • 141
    • 0027525837 scopus 로고
    • Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats
    • McLennan, P.L., Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1993, 57: 207-212.
    • (1993) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.57 , pp. 207-212
    • Mclennan, P.L.1
  • 142
    • 0026488597 scopus 로고
    • Influence of dietary fish oil on mitochondrial function and response to ischemia
    • McMillin, J.B., Bick, R.J. and Benedict, C.R., Influence of dietary fish oil on mitochondrial function and response to ischemia. Am. J. Physiol. 1992, 263:H1479-1485.
    • (1992) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.263
    • Mcmillin, J.B.1    Bick, R.J.2    Benedict, C.R.3
  • 144
    • 33745489013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oils produce anti-inflammatory effects and improve body weight in
    • Mehra, M.R., Lavie, C.J., Ventura, H.O. and Milani, R.V., Fish oils produce anti-inflammatory effects and improve body weight in severe heart failure. J. Heart. Lung. Transplant. 2006, 25:834-838.
    • (2006) J. Heart. Lung. Transplant. , vol.25 , pp. 834-838
    • Mehra, M.R.1    Lavie, C.J.2    Ventura, H.O.3    Milani, R.V.4
  • 145
    • 0023812557 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake
    • Mehta, J., Lawson, D. and Saldeen, T.J., Reduction in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. Am. Heart J. 1988, 116:1201-1206.
    • (1988) Am. Heart J. , vol.116 , pp. 1201-1206
    • Mehta, J.1    Lawson, D.2    Saldeen, T.J.3
  • 146
    • 0025782730 scopus 로고
    • Oral (n-3) fatty acid supplementation suppresses cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation: comparison between young and older women
    • Meydani, S.N., Endres, S., Woods, M.M., Goldin, B.R., Soo, C., Morrill-Labrode, A., Dinarello, C.A. and Gorbach, S.L., Oral (n-3) fatty acid supplementation suppresses cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation: comparison between young and older women. J. Nutr. 1991, 121:547-555.
    • (1991) J. Nutr. , vol.121 , pp. 547-555
    • Meydani, S.N.1    Endres, S.2    Woods, M.M.3    Goldin, B.R.4    Soo, C.5    Morrill-Labrode, A.6    Dinarello, C.A.7    Gorbach, S.L.8
  • 148
    • 0033992311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary docosahexaenoic acid ameliorates, but rapeseed oil and safflower oil accelerate renal injury in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared with soybean oil, which is associated with expression for renal transforming growth factor-beta, fibronectin and renin
    • Miyazaki, M., Takemura, N., Watanabe, S., Hata, N., Misawa, Y. and Okuyama, H., Dietary docosahexaenoic acid ameliorates, but rapeseed oil and safflower oil accelerate renal injury in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared with soybean oil, which is associated with expression for renal transforming growth factor-beta, fibronectin and renin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2000, 1483:101-110.
    • (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , vol.1483 , pp. 101-110
    • Miyazaki, M.1    Takemura, N.2    Watanabe, S.3    Hata, N.4    Misawa, Y.5    Okuyama, H.6
  • 149
    • 0034123068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of omega 3 fatty acids on oxidative stress in humans: GC-MS measurement of urinary F2-isoprostane excretion
    • Mori, T.A., Puddey, I.B., Burke, V., Croft, K.D., Dunstan, D.W., Rivera, J.H. and Beilin, L.J., Effect of omega 3 fatty acids on oxidative stress in humans: GC-MS measurement of urinary F2-isoprostane excretion. Redox. Rep. 2000, 5:45-46.
    • (2000) Redox. Rep. , vol.5 , pp. 45-46
    • Mori, T.A.1    Puddey, I.B.2    Burke, V.3    Croft, K.D.4    Dunstan, D.W.5    Rivera, J.H.6    Beilin, L.J.7
  • 150
    • 0034641662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J., Differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on vascular reactivity of the forearm microcirculation in hyperlipidemic, overweight men
    • Mori, T.A., Watts, G.F., Burke, V., Hilme, E., Puddey, I.B. and Beilin, L,J., Differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on vascular reactivity of the forearm microcirculation in hyperlipidemic, overweight men. Circulation 2000, 102:1264-1269.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 1264-1269
    • Mori, T.A.1    Watts, G.F.2    Burke, V.3    Hilme, E.4    Puddey, I.B.5    Beilin, L.6
  • 151
    • 33750141751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish intake, contaminants, and human health: evaluating the risks and the benefits
    • Mozaffarian, D., and Rimm, E.B., Fish intake, contaminants, and human health: evaluating the risks and the benefits. JAMA 2006, 296:1885-1899.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.296 , pp. 1885-1899
    • Mozaffarian, D.1    Rimm, E.B.2
  • 153
    • 25444484216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil on heart rate in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Mozaffarian, D., Geelen, A., Brouwer, I.A., Geleijnse, J.M., Zock, P.L. and Katan, M.B., Effect of fish oil on heart rate in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Circulation 2005, 112:1945-1952.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 1945-1952
    • Mozaffarian, D.1    Geelen, A.2    Brouwer, I.A.3    Geleijnse, J.M.4    Zock, P.L.5    Katan, M.B.6
  • 154
    • 31344479801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intake of tuna or other broiled or baked fish vs. fried fish and cardiac structure, function, and hemodynamics
    • Mozaffarian, D., Gottdiener, J.S. and Siscovick, D.S., Intake of tuna or other broiled or baked fish vs. fried fish and cardiac structure, function, and hemodynamics. Am. J. Cardiol. 2006, 97:216-222.
    • (2006) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.97 , pp. 216-222
    • Mozaffarian, D.1    Gottdiener, J.S.2    Siscovick, D.S.3
  • 155
    • 0037453032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular Health Study Cardiac benefits of fish consumption may depend on the type of fish meal consumed: the Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Mozaffarian, D., Lemaitre, R.N., Kuller, L.H., Burke, G.L., Tracy, R.P. and Siscovick, D.S., Cardiovascular Health Study Cardiac benefits of fish consumption may depend on the type of fish meal consumed: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Circulation 2003, 107:1372-1377.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 1372-1377
    • Mozaffarian, D.1    Lemaitre, R.N.2    Kuller, L.H.3    Burke, G.L.4    Tracy, R.P.5    Siscovick, D.S.6
  • 156
    • 0032799036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac (n-3) non-esterified fatty acids are selectively increased in fish oil-fed pigs following myocardial ischemia
    • Nair, S.S., Leitch, J., Falconer, J. and Garg, M.L., Cardiac (n-3) non-esterified fatty acids are selectively increased in fish oil-fed pigs following myocardial ischemia. J. Nutr. 1999, 129:1518-1523.
    • (1999) J. Nutr. , vol.129 , pp. 1518-1523
    • Nair, S.S.1    Leitch, J.2    Falconer, J.3    Garg, M.L.4
  • 157
    • 0032731647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose of eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits the exaggerated growth of vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats through suppression of transforming growth factor-beta
    • Nakayama, M., Fukuda, N., Watanabe, Y., Soma, M., Hu, W.Y., Kishioka, H., Satoh, C., Kubo, A. and Kanmatsuse , K., Low dose of eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits the exaggerated growth of vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats through suppression of transforming growth factor-beta. J. Hypertens. 1999, 17:1421-1430.
    • (1999) J. Hypertens. , vol.17 , pp. 1421-1430
    • Nakayama, M.1    Fukuda, N.2    Watanabe, Y.3    Soma, M.4    Hu, W.Y.5    Kishioka, H.6    Satoh, C.7    Kubo, A.8    Kanmatsuse, K.9
  • 158
    • 0026034356 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a salmon diet on blood clotting, platelet aggregation and fatty acids in normal adult men
    • Nelson, G.J., Schmidt, P.C. and Corash, L., The effect of a salmon diet on blood clotting, platelet aggregation and fatty acids in normal adult men. Lipids 1991, 26:87-96.
    • (1991) Lipids , vol.26 , pp. 87-96
    • Nelson, G.J.1    Schmidt, P.C.2    Corash, L.3
  • 159
    • 0022601892 scopus 로고
    • Fish oil attenuates the cholesterol induced rise in lipoprotein cholesterol
    • Nestel, P.J., Fish oil attenuates the cholesterol induced rise in lipoprotein cholesterol. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1986, 43:752-757.
    • (1986) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.43 , pp. 752-757
    • Nestel, P.J.1
  • 160
    • 0021278243 scopus 로고
    • Suppression by diets rich in fish oil of very low density lipoprotein production in man
    • Nestel, P.J., Connor, W.E., Reardon, M.F., Connor, S., Wong ,S. and Boston, R., Suppression by diets rich in fish oil of very low density lipoprotein production in man. J. Clin. Invest 1984, 74:82-89.
    • (1984) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.74 , pp. 82-89
    • Nestel, P.J.1    Connor, W.E.2    Reardon, M.F.3    Connor, S.4    Wong, S.5    Boston, R.6
  • 161
    • 0025916534 scopus 로고
    • Influence of a concentrated ethylester compound of n-3 fatty acids on lipids, platelets and coagulation in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery
    • Nilsen, D.W., Dalaker, K., Nordoy, A., Osterud, B., Ingebretsen, O.C., Lyngmo, V., Almdahl, S., Vaage, J. and Rasmussen, K., Influence of a concentrated ethylester compound of n-3 fatty acids on lipids, platelets and coagulation in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Thromb. Haemost. 1991, 66:195-201.
    • (1991) Thromb. Haemost. , vol.66 , pp. 195-201
    • Nilsen, D.W.1    Dalaker, K.2    Nordoy, A.3    Osterud, B.4    Ingebretsen, O.C.5    Lyngmo, V.6    Almdahl, S.7    Vaage, J.8    Rasmussen, K.9
  • 162
    • 0031902022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits mitogen-induced endothelin- 1 production and DNA synthesis in cultured bovine mesangial cells
    • Nitta, K., Uchida, K., Tsutsui, T., Honda, K., Kawashima, A., Yumura, W. and Nihei, H., Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits mitogen-induced endothelin- 1 production and DNA synthesis in cultured bovine mesangial cells. Am. J. Nephrol. 1998, 18:164-170.
    • (1998) Am. J. Nephrol. , vol.18 , pp. 164-170
    • Nitta, K.1    Uchida, K.2    Tsutsui, T.3    Honda, K.4    Kawashima, A.5    Yumura, W.6    Nihei, H.7
  • 164
    • 0029979386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inotropic, chronotropic, and radioligand binding characteristics of leukotriene B4 in cardiac myocyte, papillary muscle, and membrane preparations
    • Oddis, C.V., Mayer, O.H. and Finkel, M.S., Inotropic, chronotropic, and radioligand binding characteristics of leukotriene B4 in cardiac myocyte, papillary muscle, and membrane preparations. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 1996, 54:223-228.
    • (1996) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.54 , pp. 223-228
    • Oddis, C.V.1    Mayer, O.H.2    Finkel, M.S.3
  • 165
    • 33645738072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on resting heart rate, heart rate recovery after exercise, and heart rate variability in men with healed myocardial infarctions and depressed ejection fractions
    • O'Keefe, J.H. Jr., Abuissa, H., Sastre, A., Steinhaus, D.M. and Harris, W.S., Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on resting heart rate, heart rate recovery after exercise, and heart rate variability in men with healed myocardial infarctions and depressed ejection fractions. Am. J. Cardiol. 2006, 97:1127-1130.
    • (2006) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.97 , pp. 1127-1130
    • O'Keefe Jr., J.H.1    Abuissa, H.2    Sastre, A.3    Steinhaus, D.M.4    Harris, W.S.5
  • 166
    • 0035808255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) induces Ca(2{Thorn})-independent activation and translocation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation
    • Omura, M., Kobayashi, S., Mizukami, Y., Mogami, K., Todoroki-Ikeda, N., Miyake, T.and Matsuzaki, M., Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) induces Ca(2{Thorn})-independent activation and translocation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. FEBS Lett. 2001, 487:361-366.
    • (2001) FEBS Lett. , vol.487 , pp. 361-366
    • Omura, M.1    Kobayashi, S.2    Mizukami, Y.3    Mogami, K.4    Todoroki-Ikeda, N.5    Miyake, T.6    Matsuzaki, M.7
  • 167
  • 168
    • 0023553153 scopus 로고
    • Eicosanoids and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion
    • Parratt, J.R., Coker, S.J. and Wainwright, C.L., Eicosanoids and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1987, 19:55-66.
    • (1987) J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. , vol.19 , pp. 55-66
    • Parratt, J.R.1    Coker, S.J.2    Wainwright, C.L.3
  • 169
    • 0026689348 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary fish oil on myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury of Wistar Kyoto and stroke- prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Paulson, D.J., Smith, J.M., Zhao, J. and Bowman, J., Effects of dietary fish oil on myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury of Wistar Kyoto and stroke- prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Metabolism 1992, 41:533-539.
    • (1992) Metabolism , vol.41 , pp. 533-539
    • Paulson, D.J.1    Smith, J.M.2    Zhao, J.3    Bowman, J.4
  • 170
    • 0034884757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological compartmental analysis of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans
    • Pawlosky, R.J., Hibbeln, J.R., Novotny, J.A. and Salem, N. Jr., Physiological compartmental analysis of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans. J. Lipid Res. 2001, 42: 1257-1265.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 1257-1265
    • Pawlosky, R.J.1    Hibbeln, J.R.2    Novotny, J.A.3    Salem Jr., N.4
  • 171
    • 0027158740 scopus 로고
    • Supplementation-induced changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid membrane and plasma composition do not modify mononuclear cell procoagulant activity
    • Pellegrini, G., Totani, L., Di Santo, A., Piccoli, A., Tacconi, M.T., Donati, M.B. and Lorenzet, R., Supplementation-induced changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid membrane and plasma composition do not modify mononuclear cell procoagulant activity. Thromb. Res. 1993, 71:95-101.
    • (1993) Thromb. Res. , vol.71 , pp. 95-101
    • Pellegrini, G.1    Totani, L.2    Di Santo, A.3    Piccoli, A.4    Tacconi, M.T.5    Donati, M.B.6    Lorenzet, R.7
  • 173
    • 35848960118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (n-3) Long chain PUFA dose-dependently increase oxygen utilization efficiency and inhibit arrhythmias after saturated fat feeding in rats
    • Pepe, S. and McLennan, L., (n-3) Long chain PUFA dose-dependently increase oxygen utilization efficiency and inhibit arrhythmias after saturated fat feeding in rats. J. Nutr. 2007, 137:2377-2383.
    • (2007) J. Nutr. , vol.137 , pp. 2377-2383
    • Pepe, S.1    Mclennan, L.2
  • 174
    • 0037076281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac membrane fatty acid composition modulates myocardial oxygen consumption and postischemic recovery of contractile function
    • Pepe, S. and McLennan, P.L., Cardiac membrane fatty acid composition modulates myocardial oxygen consumption and postischemic recovery of contractile function. Circulation 2002, 105:2303-2308.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 2303-2308
    • Pepe, S.1    Mclennan, P.L.2
  • 175
    • 0028670297 scopus 로고
    • Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulates dihydropyridine effects on L-type Ca2+ channels, cytosolic Ca2+, and contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes
    • Pepe, S., Bogdanov, K., Hallaq, H., Spurgeon, H., Leaf, A. and Lakatta, E., Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid modulates dihydropyridine effects on L-type Ca2+ channels, cytosolic Ca2+, and contraction in adult rat cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1994, 91:8832-8836.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.91 , pp. 8832-8836
    • Pepe, S.1    Bogdanov, K.2    Hallaq, H.3    Spurgeon, H.4    Leaf, A.5    Lakatta, E.6
  • 176
    • 0021821575 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins by dietary fish oils in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
    • Phillipson, B.E., Rothrock ,D.W., Connor, W.E., Harris, W.S. and Illingworth, D.R., Reduction of plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apoproteins by dietary fish oils in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 1985, 312:1210-1216.
    • (1985) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.312 , pp. 1210-1216
    • Phillipson, B.E.1    Rothrock, D.W.2    Connor, W.E.3    Harris, W.S.4    Illingworth, D.R.5
  • 177
    • 0035061963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partitioning of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which prevent cardiac arrhythmias, into phospholipid cell membranes
    • Pound, E.M., Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Partitioning of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which prevent cardiac arrhythmias, into phospholipid cell membranes. J. Lipid Res. 2001, 42:346-351.
    • (2001) J. Lipid Res. , vol.42 , pp. 346-351
    • Pound, E.M.1    Kang, J.X.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 178
    • 0028034077 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of cytokine production in vivo by dietary essential fatty acids in patients with colorectal cancer
    • Purasiri, P., Murray, A., Richardson, S., Heys, S.D., Horrobin, D. and Eremin, O., Modulation of cytokine production in vivo by dietary essential fatty acids in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin. Sci. (Lond) 1994, 87:711-717.
    • (1994) Clin. Sci. (Lond) , vol.87 , pp. 711-717
    • Purasiri, P.1    Murray, A.2    Richardson, S.3    Heys, S.D.4    Horrobin, D.5    Eremin, O.6
  • 179
    • 0024427839 scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with low-dose fish oils lowers fibrinogen levels: a randomized, double-blind controlled study
    • Radack, K., Deck, C. and Huster, G., Dietary supplementation with low-dose fish oils lowers fibrinogen levels: a randomized, double-blind controlled study. Ann. Intern. Med. 1989, 111:757-758.
    • (1989) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.111 , pp. 757-758
    • Radack, K.1    Deck, C.2    Huster, G.3
  • 180
    • 0025565984 scopus 로고
    • The comparative effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma fibrinogen levels: a controlled clinical trial in hypertriglyceridemic subjects
    • Radack, K., Deck, C. and Huster, G., The comparative effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma fibrinogen levels: a controlled clinical trial in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1990, 9:352-357.
    • (1990) J. Am. Coll. Nutr. , vol.9 , pp. 352-357
    • Radack, K.1    Deck, C.2    Huster, G.3
  • 181
    • 0025301706 scopus 로고
    • n-3 fatty acid effects on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins at very low doses: results of a randomized controlled trial in hypertriglyceridemic subjects
    • Radack, K.L., Deck, C.C. and Huster, G.A., n-3 fatty acid effects on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins at very low doses: results of a randomized controlled trial in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990, 51:599-605.
    • (1990) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.51 , pp. 599-605
    • Radack, K.L.1    Deck, C.C.2    Huster, G.A.3
  • 184
    • 0033118517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on the contraction of intact, and spontaneous contraction of chemically permeabilized mammalian ventricular myocytes
    • Rodrigo, G.C., Dhanapala, S. and Macknight, A.D., Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on the contraction of intact, and spontaneous contraction of chemically permeabilized mammalian ventricular myocytes. J Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1999, 31:733-743.
    • (1999) J Mol. Cell. Cardiol. , vol.31 , pp. 733-743
    • Rodrigo, G.C.1    Dhanapala, S.2    Macknight, A.D.3
  • 185
    • 0029835158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish intake may limit the increase in risk of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among heavy smokers. The Honolulu Heart Program
    • Rodriguez, B.L., Sharp, D.S., Abbott, R.D., Burchfiel, C.M., Masaki, K., Chyou, P.H., Huang ,B., Yano, K. and Curb, J.D., Fish intake may limit the increase in risk of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among heavy smokers. The Honolulu Heart Program. Circulation 1996, 94:952-956.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 952-956
    • Rodriguez, B.L.1    Sharp, D.S.2    Abbott, R.D.3    Burchfiel, C.M.4    Masaki, K.5    Chyou, P.H.6    Huang, B.7    Yano, K.8    Curb, J.D.9
  • 186
    • 0026545285 scopus 로고
    • Serum lipids, hepatic glycerolipid metabolism and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in rats fed omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids
    • Rustan, A.C., Christiansen, E.N. and Drevon, C.A., Serum lipids, hepatic glycerolipid metabolism and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in rats fed omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Biochem. J. 1992, 283:333-339.
    • (1992) Biochem. J. , vol.283 , pp. 333-339
    • Rustan, A.C.1    Christiansen, E.N.2    Drevon, C.A.3
  • 187
    • 0024215029 scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces hepatic synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol by decreasing the activity of acyl-coenzyme A:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase
    • Rustan, A.C., Nossen, J.O., Christiansen, E.N. and Drevon, C.A., Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces hepatic synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol by decreasing the activity of acyl-coenzyme A:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase. J. Lipid. Res. 1988, 29:1417-1426.
    • (1988) J. Lipid. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1417-1426
    • Rustan, A.C.1    Nossen, J.O.2    Christiansen, E.N.3    Drevon, C.A.4
  • 188
    • 0026029475 scopus 로고
    • Ingestion of eicosapentaenoic acid-ethyl ester renders rabbit LDL less susceptible to Cu2(+)-catalyzed-oxidative modification
    • Saito, H., Chang, K.J., Tamura, Y. and Yoshida, S., Ingestion of eicosapentaenoic acid-ethyl ester renders rabbit LDL less susceptible to Cu2(+)-catalyzed-oxidative modification. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1991, 175:61-67.
    • (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.175 , pp. 61-67
    • Saito, H.1    Chang, K.J.2    Tamura, Y.3    Yoshida, S.4
  • 189
    • 0021933892 scopus 로고
    • Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
    • Sanders, T.A., Sullivan, D.R., Reeve, J. and Thompson, G.R., Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Arteriosclerosis 1985, 5:459-465.
    • (1985) Arteriosclerosis , vol.5 , pp. 459-465
    • Sanders, T.A.1    Sullivan, D.R.2    Reeve, J.3    Thompson, G.R.4
  • 190
    • 0021336231 scopus 로고
    • The long-term effect of dietary supplementation with fish lipid concentrate on serum lipids, bleeding time, platelets and angina
    • Saynor, R., Verel, D. and Gillott, T., The long-term effect of dietary supplementation with fish lipid concentrate on serum lipids, bleeding time, platelets and angina. Atherosclerosis 1984, 50:3-10.
    • (1984) Atherosclerosis , vol.50 , pp. 3-10
    • Saynor, R.1    Verel, D.2    Gillott, T.3
  • 191
    • 11144288197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part I. Background, epidemiology, animal data, effects on risk factors and safety
    • Schmidt, E.B., Arnesen, H., Christensen, J.H., De Caterina, R., Rasmussen, L.H. and Kristensen, S.D., Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part I. Background, epidemiology, animal data, effects on risk factors and safety. Thromb. Res. 2005, 115:163-170.
    • (2005) Thromb. Res. , vol.115 , pp. 163-170
    • Schmidt, E.B.1    Arnesen, H.2    Christensen, J.H.3    De Caterina, R.4    Rasmussen, L.H.5    Kristensen, S.D.6
  • 192
    • 12544252698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part II. Clinical trials and recommendations
    • Schmidt, E.B., Arnesen, H., Christensen, J.H., Rasmussen, L.H., Kristensen, S.D. and De Caterina, R., Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease: Part II. Clinical trials and recommendations. Thromb. Res. 2005, 115:257-262.
    • (2005) Thromb. Res. , vol.115 , pp. 257-262
    • Schmidt, E.B.1    Arnesen, H.2    Christensen, J.H.3    Rasmussen, L.H.4    Kristensen, S.D.5    De Caterina, R.6
  • 193
    • 0023789177 scopus 로고
    • The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with angina pectoris
    • Schmidt, E.B., Kristensen, S.D. and Dyerberg, J., The effect of fish oil on lipids, coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with angina pectoris. Artery 1988, 15:316-329.
    • (1988) Artery , vol.15 , pp. 316-329
    • Schmidt, E.B.1    Kristensen, S.D.2    Dyerberg, J.3
  • 194
    • 0025138565 scopus 로고
    • Dose-response studies on the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipids and haemostasis
    • Schmidt, E.B., Varming, K., Ernst, E., Madsen, P. and Dyerberg, J., Dose-response studies on the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipids and haemostasis. Thromb. Haemost. 1990, 63:1-5.
    • (1990) Thromb. Haemost. , vol.63 , pp. 1-5
    • Schmidt, E.B.1    Varming, K.2    Ernst, E.3    Madsen, P.4    Dyerberg, J.5
  • 195
    • 43449083224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Cardiology, Cardiovascular Nursing, and High Blood Pressure Research; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group; and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Group
    • Schocken, D.D., Benjamin ,E.J., Fonarow, G.C., Krumholz, H.M., Levy, D., Mensah, G.A., Narula, J., Shor, E.S., Young, J.B. and Hong, Y., Prevention of heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Cardiology, Cardiovascular Nursing, and High Blood Pressure Research; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group; and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Group. Circulation 2008, 117: 2544-2565.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 2544-2565
    • Schocken, D.D.1    Benjamin, E.J.2    Fonarow, G.C.3    Krumholz, H.M.4    Levy, D.5    Mensah, G.A.6    Narula, J.7    Shor, E.S.8    Young, J.B.9    Hong, Y.10
  • 197
    • 0028855909 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary fish oil on ventricular premature complexes
    • Sellmayer, A., Witzgall, H., Lorenz, R.L. and Weber, P.C., Effects of dietary fish oil on ventricular premature complexes. Am. J. Cardiol. 1995, 76: 974-977.
    • (1995) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.76 , pp. 974-977
    • Sellmayer, A.1    Witzgall, H.2    Lorenz, R.L.3    Weber, P.C.4
  • 198
    • 0034675852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel functional sets of lipid-derived mediators with antiinflammatory actions generated from omega-3 fatty acids via cyclooxygenase 2-nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and transcellular processing
    • Serhan, C.N., Clish, C.B., Brannon, J., Colgan, S.P., Chiang, N. and Gronert, K., Novel functional sets of lipid-derived mediators with antiinflammatory actions generated from omega-3 fatty acids via cyclooxygenase 2-nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and transcellular processing. J. Exp. Med. 2000, 192:1197-1204.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.192 , pp. 1197-1204
    • Serhan, C.N.1    Clish, C.B.2    Brannon, J.3    Colgan, S.P.4    Chiang, N.5    Gronert, K.6
  • 199
    • 0030200209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of phagocyte-endothelium interactions by oxidized fatty acids: a natural anti-inflammatory mechanism?
    • Sethi, S., Eastman, A.Y. and Eaton, J.W., Inhibition of phagocyte-endothelium interactions by oxidized fatty acids: a natural anti-inflammatory mechanism?. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1996, 128:27-38.
    • (1996) J. Lab. Clin. Med. , vol.128 , pp. 27-38
    • Sethi, S.1    Eastman, A.Y.2    Eaton, J.W.3
  • 200
    • 0027304265 scopus 로고
    • Associations of fish intake and dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with a hypocoagulable profile. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
    • Shahar, E., Folsom, A.R., Wu, K.K., Dennis, B.H., Shimakawa, T., Conlan, M.G., Davis, C.E. and Williams, O.D., Associations of fish intake and dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with a hypocoagulable profile. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1993, 13:1205-1212.
    • (1993) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.13 , pp. 1205-1212
    • Shahar, E.1    Folsom, A.R.2    Wu, K.K.3    Dennis, B.H.4    Shimakawa, T.5    Conlan, M.G.6    Davis, C.E.7    Williams, O.D.8
  • 201
    • 16644365776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of phenylephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy by docosahexaenoic acid
    • Siddiqui, R.A., Shaikh, S.R., Kovacs, R., Stillwell, W. and Zaloga, G., Inhibition of phenylephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy by docosahexaenoic acid. J. Cell. Biochem. 2004, 92:1141-1159.
    • (2004) J. Cell. Biochem. , vol.92 , pp. 1141-1159
    • Siddiqui, R.A.1    Shaikh, S.R.2    Kovacs, R.3    Stillwell, W.4    Zaloga, G.5
  • 203
    • 0026094489 scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development
    • Simopoulos, A.P., Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. Am. J. Clin.Nutr. 1991, 54:438-463.
    • (1991) Am. J. Clin.Nutr. , vol.54 , pp. 438-463
    • Simopoulos, A.P.1
  • 204
    • 3142562335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can n-3 PUFA reduce cardiac arrhythmias? Results of a clinical trial
    • Singer, P. and Wirth, M., Can n-3 PUFA reduce cardiac arrhythmias? Results of a clinical trial. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2004, 71: 153-159.
    • (2004) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.71 , pp. 153-159
    • Singer, P.1    Wirth, M.2
  • 207
    • 0024545921 scopus 로고
    • Influence of highly concentrated n-3 fatty acids on serum lipids and hemostatic variables in survivors of myocardial infarction receiving either oral anticoagulants or matching placebo
    • Smith, P., Arnesen, H., Opstad, T., Dahl, K.H. and Eritsland, J., Influence of highly concentrated n-3 fatty acids on serum lipids and hemostatic variables in survivors of myocardial infarction receiving either oral anticoagulants or matching placebo. Thromb. Res. 1989, 53:467-474.
    • (1989) Thromb. Res. , vol.53 , pp. 467-474
    • Smith, P.1    Arnesen, H.2    Opstad, T.3    Dahl, K.H.4    Eritsland, J.5
  • 208
    • 0022452424 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical elevation of LDL apoprotein B levels in hypertriglyceridaemic patients and normal subjects ingesting fish oil
    • Sullivan, D.R., Sanders, T.A., Trayner, I.M., and Thompson, G.R., Paradoxical elevation of LDL apoprotein B levels in hypertriglyceridaemic patients and normal subjects ingesting fish oil. Atherosclerosis 1986, 61:129-134.
    • (1986) Atherosclerosis , vol.61 , pp. 129-134
    • Sullivan, D.R.1    Sanders, T.A.2    Trayner, I.M.3    Thompson, G.R.4
  • 209
    • 0028941154 scopus 로고
    • Fish oil treatment decreases superoxide anions in the myocardium and coronary arteries of atherosclerotic monkeys
    • Supari, F., Ungerer, T., Harrison, D.G. and Williams, J.K., Fish oil treatment decreases superoxide anions in the myocardium and coronary arteries of atherosclerotic monkeys. Circulation 1995, 91:1123-1128.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , pp. 1123-1128
    • Supari, F.1    Ungerer, T.2    Harrison, D.G.3    Williams, J.K.4
  • 210
    • 84950170953 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fish oil fatty acids on low density lipoprotein size, oxidizability, and uptake by macrophages
    • Suzukawa, M., Abbey, M., Howe, P.R. and Nestel, P.J., Effects of fish oil fatty acids on low density lipoprotein size, oxidizability, and uptake by macrophages. J. Lipid. Res. 1995, 36:473-484.
    • (1995) J. Lipid. Res. , vol.36 , pp. 473-484
    • Suzukawa, M.1    Abbey, M.2    Howe, P.R.3    Nestel, P.J.4
  • 211
    • 0024548312 scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are antagonists at the thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor in human platelets
    • Swann, P.G., Venton, D.L. and Le Breton, G.C., Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are antagonists at the thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor in human platelets. FEBS Lett. 1989, 243:244-246.
    • (1989) FEBS Lett , vol.243 , pp. 244-246
    • Swann, P.G.1    Venton, D.L.2    Le Breton, G.C.3
  • 214
    • 0024390982 scopus 로고
    • Plasma fibrinolytic activity after ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids in human subjects
    • Takimoto, G., Galang, J., Lee, G.K. and Bradlow, BA., Plasma fibrinolytic activity after ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids in human subjects. Thromb. Res. 1989, 54:573-582.
    • (1989) Thromb. Res. , vol.54 , pp. 573-582
    • Takimoto, G.1    Galang, J.2    Lee, G.K.3    Bradlow, B.A.4
  • 215
    • 53049110571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Tavazzi, L., Maggioni, A. P., Marchioli, R., Barlera, S., Franzosi, M. G., Latini, R., Lucci, D., Nicolosi, G. L., Porcu, M. and Tognoni, G., Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2008, 372:1223-1230.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1223-1230
    • Tavazzi, L.1    Maggioni, A.P.2    Marchioli, R.3    Barlera, S.4    Franzosi, M.G.5    Latini, R.6    Lucci, D.7    Nicolosi, G.L.8    Porcu, M.9    Tognoni, G.10
  • 216
    • 4043086365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale and design of the GISSI heart failure trial: a large trial to assess the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and rosuvastatin in symptomatic congestive heart failure
    • Tavazzi, L., Tognoni, G., Franzosi, M.G., Latini, R., Maggioni, A.P., Marchioli, R., Nicolosi, G.L. and Porcu, M., Rationale and design of the GISSI heart failure trial: a large trial to assess the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and rosuvastatin in symptomatic congestive heart failure. Eur. J. Heart. Fail. 2004, 6:635-641.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Heart. Fail. , vol.6 , pp. 635-641
    • Tavazzi, L.1    Tognoni, G.2    Franzosi, M.G.3    Latini, R.4    Maggioni, A.P.5    Marchioli, R.6    Nicolosi, G.L.7    Porcu, M.8
  • 217
    • 0029916928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid suppressed the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through modulation of various steps of growth signals
    • Terano, T., Shiina, T. and Tamura, Y., Eicosapentaenoic acid suppressed the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through modulation of various steps of growth signals. Lipids 1996; 31:S301-304.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31
    • Terano, T.1    Shiina, T.2    Tamura, Y.3
  • 218
    • 0020693482 scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral administration of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid on platelet function, blood viscosity and red cell deformability in healthy human subjects
    • Terano, T., Hirai, A., Hamazaki, T., Kobayashi, S., Fujita, T., Tamura, Y. and Kumagai, A., Effect of oral administration of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid on platelet function, blood viscosity and red cell deformability in healthy human subjects. Atherosclerosis 1983, 46:321-331.
    • (1983) Atherosclerosis , vol.46 , pp. 321-331
    • Terano, T.1    Hirai, A.2    Hamazaki, T.3    Kobayashi, S.4    Fujita, T.5    Tamura, Y.6    Kumagai, A.7
  • 220
    • 0028019137 scopus 로고
    • n-3 fatty acid ethyl ester administration to healthy subjects and to hypertriglyceridemic patients reduces tissue factor activity in adherent monocytes
    • Tremoli, E., Eligini, S., Colli, S., Maderna, P., Rise, P., Pazzucconi, F., Marangoni, F., Sirtori, C.R., and Galli, C., n-3 fatty acid ethyl ester administration to healthy subjects and to hypertriglyceridemic patients reduces tissue factor activity in adherent monocytes. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1994, 14:1600-1608.
    • (1994) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.14 , pp. 1600-1608
    • Tremoli, E.1    Eligini, S.2    Colli, S.3    Maderna, P.4    Rise, P.5    Pazzucconi, F.6    Marangoni, F.7    Sirtori, C.R.8    Galli, C.9
  • 221
    • 0344117837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of low intake of n-3 fatty acids on platelets in elderly people
    • Vericel, E., Calzada, C., Chapuy, P. and Lagarde, M., The influence of low intake of n-3 fatty acids on platelets in elderly people. Atherosclerosis 1999, 147:187-192.
    • (1999) Atherosclerosis , vol.147 , pp. 187-192
    • Vericel, E.1    Calzada, C.2    Chapuy, P.3    Lagarde, M.4
  • 222
    • 0022338088 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and effects on platelet function of the purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in humans
    • von Schacky, C. and Weber, P.C., Metabolism and effects on platelet function of the purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in humans. J. Clin. Invest. 1985, 76:2446-2450.
    • (1985) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.76 , pp. 2446-2450
    • von Schacky, C.1    Weber, P.C.2
  • 223
    • 0022411156 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of dietary marine omega-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans
    • von Schacky, C., Fischer, S. and Weber, P.C., Long-term effects of dietary marine omega-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans. J. Clin. Invest. 1985, 76:1626-1631.
    • (1985) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.76 , pp. 1626-1631
    • von Schacky, C.1    Fischer, S.2    Weber, P.C.3
  • 224
    • 0029060276 scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid selectively attenuates induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and subsequent monocytic cell adhesion to human endothelial cells stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Weber, C., Erl, W., Pietsch, A, Danesch, U. and Weber, PC., Docosahexaenoic acid selectively attenuates induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and subsequent monocytic cell adhesion to human endothelial cells stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc Biol. 1995, 15:622-628.
    • (1995) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 622-628
    • Weber, C.1    Erl, W.2    Pietsch, A.3    Danesch, U.4    Weber, P.C.5
  • 225
    • 0024386570 scopus 로고
    • Clinical studies on the effects of n-3 fatty acids on cells and eicosanoids in the cardiovascular system
    • Weber, P.C., Clinical studies on the effects of n-3 fatty acids on cells and eicosanoids in the cardiovascular system. J. Intern. Med. Suppl. 1989, 731:61-68.
    • (1989) J. Intern. Med. Suppl. , vol.731 , pp. 61-68
    • Weber, P.C.1
  • 226
    • 0002901307 scopus 로고
    • Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosanoid formation in man
    • Simopoulos, A.P., Kifer, R.R. and Martin, R.E., (eds.), Academic Press, Orlando, FL
    • Weber, P.C., Fischer, S., von Schaky, C., Lorenz, R. and Strasser, T., Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosanoid formation in man. In: Health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods, Simopoulos, A.P., Kifer, R.R. and Martin, R.E., (eds.), Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 1986, pp. 49-60.
    • (1986) Health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods , pp. 49-60
    • Weber, P.C.1    Fischer, S.2    von Schaky, C.3    Lorenz, R.4    Strasser, T.5
  • 227
    • 0029810068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids exert antiarrhythmic actions as free acids rather than in phospholipids
    • Weylandt, K.H., Kang, J.X. and Leaf, A., Polyunsaturated fatty acids exert antiarrhythmic actions as free acids rather than in phospholipids. Lipids 1996, 31:977-982.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 977-982
    • Weylandt, K.H.1    Kang, J.X.2    Leaf, A.3
  • 228
    • 0031035334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of the acute-phase response in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia receiving oral eicosapentaenoic acid is mediated via suppression of interleukin-6
    • Wigmore, S.J., Fearon, K.C,, Maingay, J.P. and Ross, J.A., Down-regulation of the acute-phase response in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia receiving oral eicosapentaenoic acid is mediated via suppression of interleukin-6. Clin. Sci. (Lond). 1997, 92:215-221.
    • (1997) Clin. Sci. (Lond). , vol.92 , pp. 215-221
    • Wigmore, S.J.1    Fearon, K.C.2    Maingay, J.P.3    Ross, J.A.4
  • 230
    • 0027185720 scopus 로고
    • The hypotriglyceridemic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid in rats is reflected in increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation followed by diminished lipogenesis
    • Willumsen, N., Skorve, J., Hexeberg, S., Rustan, A.C. and Berge, R.K., The hypotriglyceridemic effect of eicosapentaenoic acid in rats is reflected in increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation followed by diminished lipogenesis. Lipids 1993, 28:683-690.
    • (1993) Lipids , vol.28 , pp. 683-690
    • Willumsen, N.1    Skorve, J.2    Hexeberg, S.3    Rustan, A.C.4    Berge, R.K.5
  • 231
    • 0030933304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ currents by polyunsaturated fatty acids in adult and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes
    • Xiao, Y.F., Gomez, A.M., Morgan, J.P., Lederer, W.J. and Leaf, A., Suppression of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ currents by polyunsaturated fatty acids in adult and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1997, 94:4182-4187.
    • (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.94 , pp. 4182-4187
    • Xiao, Y.F.1    Gomez, A.M.2    Morgan, J.P.3    Lederer, W.J.4    Leaf, A.5
  • 232
    • 0028818925 scopus 로고
    • Blocking effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on Na+ channels of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes
    • Xiao, Y.F., Kang, J.X., Morgan, J.P. and Leaf, A., Blocking effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on Na+ channels of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1995, 21:11000-11004.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.21 , pp. 11000-11004
    • Xiao, Y.F.1    Kang, J.X.2    Morgan, J.P.3    Leaf, A.4
  • 233
    • 3543065366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of n-3 fish oil fatty acids on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange currents in HEK293t cells
    • Xiao, Y.F., Ke, Q., Chen, Y., Morgan, J.P. and Leaf, A., Inhibitory effect of n-3 fish oil fatty acids on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange currents in HEK293t cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2004, 321:116-123.
    • (2004) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.321 , pp. 116-123
    • Xiao, Y.F.1    Ke, Q.2    Chen, Y.3    Morgan, J.P.4    Leaf, A.5
  • 234
    • 0033859504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coexpression with beta(1)-subunit modifies the kinetics and fatty acid block of hH1(alpha) Na(+) channels
    • Xiao, Y.F., Wright, S.N., Wang ,G.K, Morgan, J.P. and Leaf, A., Coexpression with beta(1)-subunit modifies the kinetics and fatty acid block of hH1(alpha) Na(+) channels. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2000, 279:H35-46.
    • (2000) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.279
    • Xiao, Y.F.1    Wright, S.N.2    Wang, G.K.3    Morgan, J.P.4    Leaf, A.5
  • 235
    • 0032478217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids suppress voltage-gated Na+ currents in HEK293t cells transfected with the alpha-subunit of the human cardiac Na+ channel
    • Xiao, Y.F., Wright, S.N., Wang, G.K., Morgan, J.P. and Leaf, A., Fatty acids suppress voltage-gated Na+ currents in HEK293t cells transfected with the alpha-subunit of the human cardiac Na+ channel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 1998, 95:2680-2685.
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A , vol.95 , pp. 2680-2685
    • Xiao, Y.F.1    Wright, S.N.2    Wang, G.K.3    Morgan, J.P.4    Leaf, A.5
  • 236
    • 50949110948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk Study Group. Fish, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in a nationwide community-based cohort of Japanese men and women the JACC (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk) Study
    • Yamagishi, K., Iso, H., Date, C., Fukui, M., Wakai, K., Kikuchi, S., Inaba, Y., Tanabe, N. and Tamakoshi, A., Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk Study Group. Fish, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in a nationwide community-based cohort of Japanese men and women the JACC (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk) Study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008, 52:988-996.
    • (2008) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.52 , pp. 988-996
    • Yamagishi, K.1    Iso, H.2    Date, C.3    Fukui, M.4    Wakai, K.5    Kikuchi, S.6    Inaba, Y.7    Tanabe, N.8    Tamakoshi, A.9
  • 237
    • 50949097286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma fatty acid composition and incident heart failure in middle-aged adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
    • Yamagishi, K., Nettleton, J.A. and Folsom, A.R., Plasma fatty acid composition and incident heart failure in middle-aged adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Am. Heart. J. 2008, 156:965-974.
    • (2008) Am. Heart. J. , vol.156 , pp. 965-974
    • Yamagishi, K.1    Nettleton, J.A.2    Folsom, A.R.3
  • 238
    • 0023652687 scopus 로고
    • A diet rich in (n-3) fatty acids increases peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity and lowers plasma triacylglycerols without inhibiting glutathione-dependent detoxication activities in the rat liver
    • Yamazaki, R.K., Shen, T. and Schade, G.B., A diet rich in (n-3) fatty acids increases peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity and lowers plasma triacylglycerols without inhibiting glutathione-dependent detoxication activities in the rat liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1987, 920:62-67.
    • (1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , vol.920 , pp. 62-67
    • Yamazaki, R.K.1    Shen, T.2    Schade, G.B.3
  • 241
    • 0035975980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden cardiac death in the United States, 1989 to 1998
    • Zheng, Z.J., Croft, J.B., Giles, W.H. and Mensah, G.A., Sudden cardiac death in the United States, 1989 to 1998. Circulation 2001, 104:2158-2163.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 2158-2163
    • Zheng, Z.J.1    Croft, J.B.2    Giles, W.H.3    Mensah, G.A.4
  • 242
    • 77953648433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of n-3 fatty acids on plasma myeloperoxidase levels in healthy adults
    • Andersen, V.L., Vogt, J., Obel, T., Christensen, J.H., Schmidt, E.B., The effect of n-3 fatty acids on plasma myeloperoxidase levels in healthy adults. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 3-9.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-9
    • Andersen, V.L.1    Vogt, J.2    Obel, T.3    Christensen, J.H.4    Schmidt, E.B.5
  • 243
    • 77953647164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of the internal mammary artery in relation to dietary intake of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and association with flow-mediated vasodilation
    • Andreasen, J. J., Aardestrup, I. V., Eschen, R. B., Obel, T., Lundbye-Christensen, S., Schmidt, E. B., Fatty acid composition of the internal mammary artery in relation to dietary intake of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and association with flow-mediated vasodilation. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 10-17.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-17
    • Andreasen, J.J.1    Aardestrup, I.V.2    Eschen, R.B.3    Obel, T.4    Lundbye-Christensen, S.5    Schmidt, E.B.6
  • 244
    • 77953643184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on very long chain marine n-3 fatty acids in patients with atherosclerotic heart disease with special focus on mechanisms, dosage and formulas of supplementation
    • Arnesen, H., Seljeflot, I., Studies on very long chain marine n-3 fatty acids in patients with atherosclerotic heart disease with special focus on mechanisms, dosage and formulas of supplementation. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 18-27.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-27
    • Arnesen, H.1    Seljeflot, I.2
  • 245
    • 77953640159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, cardiovascular disease and stability of atherosclerotic plaques
    • Calder, P.C., Yaqoob, P., Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, cardiovascular disease and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 28-37.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-37
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 246
    • 77953625412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow-mediated vasodilation and dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated acids in healthy subjects
    • Petersen, M.M., Eschen, R.B., Aardestrup, I., Obel, T., Schmidt, E.B., Flow-mediated vasodilation and dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated acids in healthy subjects. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 38-44.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-44
    • Petersen, M.M.1    Eschen, R.B.2    Aardestrup, I.3    Obel, T.4    Schmidt, E.B.5
  • 247
    • 77953630944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of marine n-3 fatty acids on circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Eschen, O., Christensen, J.H., La rovere, M.T., Romano, P., Sala, P., Schmidt, E.B., Effects of marine n-3 fatty acids on circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 45-51.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-51
    • Eschen, O.1    Christensen, J.H.2    La Rovere, M.T.3    Romano, P.4    Sala, P.5    Schmidt, E.B.6
  • 248
    • 77953630817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • lack of effect of cold water prawns on plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins in normo-lipidaemic men
    • Isherwood, C., Wong, M., Jones, W.S., Davies, I.G., Griffin, B.A., lack of effect of cold water prawns on plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins in normo-lipidaemic men. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 52-58.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-58
    • Isherwood, C.1    Wong, M.2    Jones, W.S.3    Davies, I.G.4    Griffin, B.A.5
  • 249
    • 77953627048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids, inflammation and angiogenesis: basic mechanisms behind the cardioprotective effects of fish and fish oils
    • Massaro, M., Scoditti, E., Carluccio, M. A., Campana, M. C., De caterina, R., Omega-3 fatty acids, inflammation and angiogenesis: basic mechanisms behind the cardioprotective effects of fish and fish oils. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 59-82.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-82
    • Massaro, M.1    Scoditti, E.2    Carluccio, M.A.3    Campana, M.C.4    De Caterina, R.5
  • 250
    • 77953626923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure
    • Mori, T. A., Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 83-92.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-92
    • Mori, T.A.1
  • 251
    • 77953629745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids vs. cardiac disease - the contribution of the omega-3 index
    • Von Schacky, C., Omega-3 fatty acids vs. cardiac disease - the contribution of the omega-3 index. Cell. Mol. Biol. 2010, 56(1): 93-101.
    • (2010) Cell. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-101
    • Von Schacky, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.