Structural basis of pattern recognition by innate immune molecules

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

Volumn 653, Issue , 2009, Pages 139-161

  McGreal, Eamon P ^a  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

C TYPE LECTIN; CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN PROTEIN 15; CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN PROTEIN 4; DECTIN 1; FICOLIN; IPAF PROTEIN; LECTIN; MANNOSE BINDING LECTIN; PENTRAXIN; PROTEIN NALP 3; REGULATOR PROTEIN; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 3; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 5; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 7; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 9; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; APOPTOSIS REGULATORY PROTEIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN SIGNALING PROTEIN; NUCLEOTIDE BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN PROTEIN; PENTRAXIN 3; SERUM AMYLOID P; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR;

ARTICLE; BINDING AFFINITY; COMPLEX FORMATION; HUMAN; INNATE IMMUNITY; LIGAND BINDING; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; NONHUMAN; OLIGOMERIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; RECEPTOR BINDING; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; ANIMAL; IMMUNOLOGY; METABOLISM; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS REGULATORY PROTEINS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, INNATE; LECTINS; LECTINS, C-TYPE; NOD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS; SERUM AMYLOID P-COMPONENT; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS;

EID: 70350509568     PISSN: 00652598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0901-5_10     Document Type: Article

References (172)

1. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z et al. The protein data bank. Nucleic Acids Res 2000: 28:235-242. (Pubitemid 30047768)
2. Janeway Jr CA. Approaching the asymptote? Evolution and revolution in immunology. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1989: 54(Pt 1):1-13. (Pubitemid 20177564)
3. Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Pumam FW. Periodicity of leucine and tandem repetition of a 24-amino acid segment in the primary structure of leucine-rich alpha 2-glycoprotein of human serum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985: 82:1906-1910. (Pubitemid 15060810)
4. Schmitz F, Mages J, Heit A et al. Transcriptional activation induced in macrophages by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands: From expression profiling to a model of TLR signaling. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:2863-2873. (Pubitemid 39430162)
5. Bell JK, Mullen GE, Leifer CA et al. Leucine-rich repeats and pathogen recognition in Toll-like receptors. Trends Immunol 2003: 24:528-533. (Pubitemid 37205203)
6. Papageorgiou AC, Shapiro R, Acharya KR. Molecular recognition of human angiogenin by placental ribonuclease inhibitor-an X-ray crystallographic study at 2.0 A resolution. EMBO J 1997; 16:5162-5177. (Pubitemid 27380125)
7. Schimmele B, Pluckthun A. Identification of a functional epitope of the Nogo receptor by a combinatorial approach using ribosome display. J Mol Biol 2005: 352:229-241. (Pubitemid 41213310)
8. Fan QR, Hendrickson WA. Structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone in complex with its receptor. Nature 2005: 433:269-277.
9. Bell JK, Botos 1, Hall PR et al. The molecular structure of the Toll-like receptor 3 ligand-binding domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102:10976-10980. (Pubitemid 41105978)
10. Choe J, Kelker MS, Wilson IA. Crystal structure of human toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) eetodomain. Science 2005; 309:581-585. (Pubitemid 41033635)
11. Sun J, Duffy KE, Ranjith-Kumar CT et al. Structural and functional analyses of the human toll-like receptor 3: Role of glycosylation. J Biol Chern 2006: 281: 11144-11151. (Pubitemid 43855539)
12. Mizel SB, West AP, Hantgan RR. Identification of a sequence in human toll-like receptor 5 required for the binding of Gram-negative flagellin. J Biol Chern 2003: 278:23624-23629. (Pubitemid 36830184)
13. Smith KD, Andersen-Nissen E, Hayashi F et al. Toll-like receptor 5 recognizes a conserved site on flagellin required for protofilament formation and bacterial motility. Nat Immunol 2003; 4:1247-1253. (Pubitemid 37540694)
14. Kajava AV, Kobe B. Assessment of the ability to model proteins with leucine-rich repeats in light of the latest structural information. Protein Sci 2002; 11:1082-1090. (Pubitemid 34441227)
15. Structural Study of Binding of Flagellin by Toll-like Receptor. J Bacteriol 2003; 185:4243-4247. (Pubitemid 36835265)
16. Andersen-Nissen E, Smith KD, Strobe KL et al. Evasion of Toll-like receptor 5 by flagellated bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102:9247-9252. (Pubitemid 40923549)
17. Cornelie S, Hoebeke J, Schacht AM et al. Direct evidence that toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) functionally binds plasmid DNA by specific eytosine-phosphate-guanine motif recognition. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:15124-15129. (Pubitemid 38618907)
18. Rutz M, Metzger J, Gellert T et al. Toll-like receptor 9 binds single-stranded CpG-DNA in a sequence- and pH-dependent manner. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:2541-2550. (Pubitemid 39302811)
19. Weber AN, Tauszig-Delamasure S, Hoffmann JA et al. Binding of the Drosophila eytokine Spatzle to Toll is direct and establishes signaling. Nat Immunol 2003; 4:794-800. (Pubitemid 36986764)
20. Wu CC, Lee J, Raz E et al. Necessity of oligonucleotide aggregation for toll-like receptor 9 activation. J Biol Chern 2004; 279:33071-33078. (Pubitemid 39062950)
21. Barton GM, Kagan JC, Medzhitov R. Intracellular localization of Toll-like receptor 9 prevents recognition of self DNA but facilitates access to viral DNA. Nat Immunol 2006; 7:49-56. (Pubitemid 41823868)
22. Hendrich B, Bird A. Identification and characterization of a family of mammalian methyl-CpG binding proteins. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:6538-6547. (Pubitemid 28500543)
23. Poltorak A, He X, Smirnova I et al. Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BUI0ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 gene. Science 1998; 282:2085-2088. (Pubitemid 29001265)
24. Haziot A, Ferrero E, Kontgen F et al. Resistance to endotoxin shock and reduced dissemination of Gram-negative bacteria in CDl4-deficient mice. Immunity 1996; 4:407-414. (Pubitemid 26174055)
25. Kim JI, Lee CJ, Jin MS et al. Crystal structure of CD14 and its implications for lipopolysaccharide signaling. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:11347-11351.
26. Cunningham MD, Shapiro RA, Seachord C et al. CD14 employs hydrophilic regions to "capture" lipopolysaccharides. J Immunol 2000; 164:3255-3263. (Pubitemid 30148989)
27. Dziarski R, Viriyakosol S, Kirkland TN et al. Soluble CD14 enhances membrane CDl4-mediated responses to peptidoglycan: Structural requirements differ from those for responses to lipopolysaccharide. Infect Immun 2000; 68:5254-5260.
28. Juan TS, Hailman E, Kelley MJ et al. Identification of a lipopolysaccharide binding domain in CD14 between amino acids 57 and 64. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:5219-5224.
29. Viriyakosol S, Kirkland TN. A region of human CD14 required for lipopolysaccharide binding. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:361-368.
30. Muroi M, Tanamoto K. The polysaccharide portion plays an indispensable role in Salmonella lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kappaB through human toll-like receptor 4. Infect Immun 2002; 70:6043-6047. (Pubitemid 35192693)
31. Kitchens RL, Munford RS. Enzymatically deacylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can antagonize LPS at multiple sites in the LPS recognition pathway. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:9904-9910.
32. Wurfel MM, Monks BG, Ingalls RR et al. Targeted deletion of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein gene leads to profound suppression of LPS responses ex vivo, whereas in vivo responses remain intact. J Exp Med 1997; 186:2051-2056. (Pubitemid 28013690)
33. Jack RS, Fan X, Bernheiden M et al. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is required to combat a murine Gram-negative bactetial infection. Nature 1997; 389:742-745. (Pubitemid 27458962)
34. Tobias PS, Soldau K, Gegner JA et al. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein-mediated complexation of lipopolysaccharide with soluble CDI4. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:10482-10488.
35. Yu B, Hailman E, Wright SD. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 catalyze exchange of phospholipids. J Clin Invest 1997; 99:315-324. (Pubitemid 27053990)
36. Beamer LJ, Carroll SF, Eisenberg D. The BPIILBP family of proteins: A structural analysis of conserved regions. Protein Sci 1998; 7:906-914. (Pubitemid 28216532)
37. Beamer LJ, Carroll SF, Eisenberg D. The three-dimensional structure of human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein: Implications for understanding protein-lipopolysaccharide interactions. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 57:225-229. (Pubitemid 29056200)
38. Dankesreiter S, Hoess A, Schneider-Metgener J et al. Synthetic endotoxin-binding peptides block endotoxin-triggered TNF-alpha production by macrophages in vitro and in vivo and prevent endotoxin-mediated toxic shock. J Immunol 2000; 164:4804-4811. (Pubitemid 30238083)
39. Taylor AH, Heavner G, Nedelman M et al. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) neutralizing peptides reveal a lipid A binding site of LPS binding protein. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:17934-17938.
40. Lamping N, Hoess A, Yu B et al. Effects of site-directed mutagenesis of basic residues (Arg 94, Lys 95, Lys 99) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein on binding and uansfer of LPS and subsequent immune cell activation. J Immunol 1996; 157:4648-4656. (Pubitemid 126449388)
41. Hoess A, Schneider-Mergener J, Liddington RC. Identification of the LPS-binding domain of an endotoxin neuualising protein, Limulus anti-LPS factor. Prog Clin Biol Res 1995; 392:327-337.
42. Hoess A, Watson S, Siber GR et al. Ctystal suucture of an endotoxin-neuualizing protein from the horseshoe crab, Limulus anti-LPS factor, at 1.5 A resolution. EMBO J 1993; 12:3351-3356. (Pubitemid 23256421)
43. Viriyakosol S, Tobias PS, Kitchens RL et al. MD-2 binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:38044-38051.
44. Nagai Y, Akashi S, Nagafuku M et al. Essential role of MD-2 in LPS responsiveness and TLR4 disuibution. Nat Immunol 2002; 3:667-672. (Pubitemid 34752476)
45. Gruber A, Mancek M, Wagner H et al. Suuctural model of MD-2 and functional role of its basic amino acid clusters involved in cellular lipopolysaccharide recognition. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:28475-28482. (Pubitemid 38900129)
46. Inohara N, Nunez G. ML - A conserved domain involved in innate immunity and lipid metabolism. Trends Biochem Sci 2002; 27:219-221. (Pubitemid 34655436)
47. Re F, Strominger JL. Separate functional domains of human MD-2 mediate Toll-like receptor 4-binding and lipopolysaccharide responsiveness. J Immunol 2003; 171:5272-5276. (Pubitemid 37432812)
48. Hajjar AM, Ernst RK, Tsai JH et al. Human Toll-like receptor 4 recognizes host-specific LPS modifications. Nat Immunol 2002; 3:354-359. (Pubitemid 34308623)
49. Schroder NW, Schumann RR. Single nucleotide polyrnorphisms of Toll-like receptors and susceptibility to infectious disease. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5:156-164. (Pubitemid 40568671)
50. Fujimoto T, Yamazaki S, Eto-Kimura A et al. The amino-terminal region of toll-like receptor 4 is essential for binding to MD-2 and receptor translocation to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:47431-47437. (Pubitemid 39540885)
51. Ozinsky A, Underhill DM, Fontenot JD et al. The repertoire for pattern recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system is defined by cooperation between toll-like receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97:13766-13771.
52. Muhlradt PF, Kiess M, Meyer H et al. Isolation, suucture elucidation, and synthesis of a macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide from Mycoplasma fermentans acting at picomolar concentration. J Exp Med 1997; 185:1951-1958. (Pubitemid 27247081)
53. Muhlradt PF, Kiess M, Meyer H et al. Suucture and specific activity of macrophage-stimulating lipopeptides from Mycoplasma hyorhinis. Infect Immun 1998; 66:4804-4810. (Pubitemid 28453085)
54. Shibata K, Hasebe A, Into T et al. The N-terminal lipopeptide of a 44-kDa membrane-bound lipoprotein of Mycoplasma salivarium is responsible for the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-Ion the cell surface of normal human gingival fibroblasts. J Immunol 2000; 165:6538-6544.
55. Takeuchi O, Sato S, Horiuchi T et al. Cutting edge: Role of Toll-like receptor I in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins. J Immunol 2002; 169:10-14. (Pubitemid 34686113)
56. Wyllie DH, Kiss-Tom E, Visintin A et al. Evidence for an accessory protein function for Toll-like receptor I in anti-bacterial responses. J Immunol 2000; 165:7125-7132. (Pubitemid 32001188)
57. Takeuchi O, Kawai T, Muhlradt PF et al. Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6. Int Immunol 2001; 13:933-940. (Pubitemid 32685205)
58. Massari P, Visintin A, Gunawardana J et al. Meningococcal porin PorB binds to TLR2 and requires TLRI for signaling. J Immunol 2006; 176:2373-2380. (Pubitemid 43201686)
59. Omueti KO, Beyer JM, Johnson CM et al. Domain exchange between human toll-like receptors 1 and 6 reveals a region required for lipopeptide discrimination. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:36616-36625. (Pubitemid 41587738)
60. Akira S. Mammalian Toll-like receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 2003; 15:5-11. (Pubitemid 35454185)
61. Himmelreich R, Hilbert H, Plagens H et al. Complete sequence analysis of the genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Nucleic Acids Res 1996; 24:4420-4449. (Pubitemid 26388629)
62. Yamamoto M, Sato S, Hemmi H et al. Essential role for TIRAP in activation of the signalling cascade shared by TLR2 and TLR4. Nature 2002; 420:324-329. (Pubitemid 35398188)
63. Brown GD. Dectin-l: A signalling non-TLR pattern-recognition receptor. Nat Rev Immunol 2006; 6:33-43.
64. Inohara, Chamaillard, McDonald C et al. NOD-LRR proteins: Role in host-microbial interactions and inflammatory disease. Annu Rev Biochem 2005; 74:355-383. (Pubitemid 40995511)
65. Petrilli V, Papin S, Tschopp J. The inflammasome. Curr Biol 2005; 15:R581.
66. Gumucio DL, Diaz A, Schaner P et al. Cesena. Fire and ICE: The role of pyrin domain-containing proteins in inflammation and apoptosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2002; 20:S45-53.
67. Bouchier-Hayes L, Martin SJ. CARD games in apoptosis and immunity. EMBO Rep 2002; 3:616-621.
68. Girardin SE, Travassos LH, Herve M et al. Peptidoglycan molecular requirements allowing detection by NodI and Nod2. J Biol Chern 2003; 278:41702-41708. (Pubitemid 37310428)
69. Girardin SE, Boneca IG, Carneiro LA et al. NodI detects a unique muropeptide from Gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan. Science 2003; 300: 1584-1587. (Pubitemid 36682892)
70. Chamaillard M, Hashimoto M, Horie Y et al. An essential role for NODI in host recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan containing diaminopimelic acid. Nat Immunol 2003; 4:702-707. (Pubitemid 36874448)
71. Magalhaes JG, Philpott DJ, Nahori MA et al. Murine NodI but not its human orthologue mediates innate immune detection of tracheal cytotoxin. EMBO Rep 2005; 6:1201-1207. (Pubitemid 41741706)
72. Yanagihara Y, Kamisango K, Yasuda S et al. Chemical compositions of cell walls and polysaccharide fractions of spirochetes. Microbiol Immunol 1984; 28:535-544. (Pubitemid 14078053)
73. Ellis J, Dodds P, Pryor T. Structure, function and evolution of plant disease resistance genes. CUrt Opin Plant Biol 2000; 3:278-284. (Pubitemid 30437865)
74. Girardin SE, Jehanno M, Mengin-Lecreulx D et al. Identification of the critical residues involved in peptidoglycan detection by NodI. J Biol Chern 2005; 280:38648-38656. (Pubitemid 43853767)
75. Tanabe T, Chamaillard M, Ogura Y et al. Regulatory regions and critical residues of NOD2 involved in muramyl dipeptide recognition. EMBO J 2004; 23:1587-1597. (Pubitemid 38579519)
76. Cario E. Bacterial interactions with cells of the intestinal mucosa: Toll-like receptors and NOD2. Gut 2005; 54:1182-1193. (Pubitemid 41025918)
77. Kanneganti TD, Owren N, Body-Malapel M et al. Bacterial RNA and small antiviral compounds activate caspase-l through cryopyrin/Nalp3. Nature 2006; 440:233-236. (Pubitemid 43372103)
78. Mariathasan S, Weiss DS, Newton K et al. Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP. Nature 2006; 440:228-232. (Pubitemid 43372102)
79. Martinon F, Petrilli V, Mayor A et al. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 2006; 440:237-241. (Pubitemid 43372104)
80. Franchi L, Amer A, Body-Malapei M et al. Cyrosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-l and interleukin Ibeta in salmonella-infected macrophages. Nat Immunol 2006; 7:576-582. (Pubitemid 43797338)
81. Miao EA, Alpuche-Aranda CM, Dors M et al. Cyroplasmic flagellin activates caspase-l and secretion of interleukin lheta via Ipaf. Nat Immunol 2006; 7:569-575. (Pubitemid 43797337)
82. Marathe R, Dinesh-Kurnar SP. Plant defense: One post, multiple guards! Mol Cell 2003; 11:284-286. (Pubitemid 36293821)
83. Matzinger P. The danger model: A renewed sense of self. Science 2002; 296:301-305. (Pubitemid 34303674)
84. Coaker G, Faliek A, Staskawicz B. Activation of a phytopathogenic bacterial effector protein by a eukaryotic cydophilin. Science 2005; 308:548-550. (Pubitemid 40570584)
85. Rooney HC, Van't Klooster JW, van der Hoorn RA et al. Cladosporium Avr2 inhibits tomato Rcd protease required for Cf-2-dependent disease resistance. Science 2005; 308:1783-1786. (Pubitemid 40848005)
86. Ligoxygakis P, Pelte N, Hoffmann JA et al. Activation of Drosophila Toll during fungal infection by a blood serine protease. Science 2002; 297: 114-116. (Pubitemid 34743106)
87. Thiel S, Vorup-Jensen T, Stover CM et al. A second serine protease associated with mannan-binding lectin that activates complement. Nature 1997; 386:506-510. (Pubitemid 27164078)
88. McGreal EP, Martinez-Pomares L, Gordon S. Divergent roles for C-type lectins expressed by cells of the innate immune system. Mol Immunol 2004; 41:1109-1121. (Pubitemid 39345392)
89. Bewuska K, Crichlow GV, Rose JM et al. Evolutionary conservation of intron position in a subfamily of genes encoding carbohydrate-recognition domains. J Biol Chern 1991; 266:11604-11609. (Pubitemid 21906991)
90. Weis WI, Drickamer K, Hendrickson WA. Structure of a C-rype mannose-binding protein complexed with an oligosaccharide. Nature 1992; 360:127-134.
91. Appelmelk BJ, van Die I, van Vliet SJ et al. Cutting edge: Carbohydrate profiling identifies new pathogens that interact with dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin on dendritic cells. J Immunol 2003; 170:1635-1639. (Pubitemid 36197376)
92. Cambi A, Gijzen K, de Vries JM et al. The C-type lectin DC-SIGN (CD209) is an antigen-uptake receptor for Candida albicans on dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2003; 33:532-538. (Pubitemid 36267619)
93. Meyer S, van Liempt E, Imherty A et al. DC-SIGN mediates binding of dendritic cells to authentic pseudo-LewisY g1ycolipids of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae, the first parasite-specific ligand of DC-SIGN. J Biol Chern 2005; 280:37349-37359. (Pubitemid 41642340)
94. Feinberg H, Mitchell DA, Drickamer K et al. Structural basis for selective recognition of oligosaccharides by DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Science 2001; 294:2163-2166. (Pubitemid 33150672)
95. Guo Y, Feinberg H, Conroy E et al. Structural basis for distinct ligand-binding and targeting properties of the receptors DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2004; 11:591-598. (Pubitemid 38823524)
96. Drickamer K. Engineering galactose-binding activity into a C-type mannose-binding protein. Nature 1992; 360:183-186.
97. Iobst ST, Driekamer K. Binding of sugar ligands to Ca(2+)-dependent animal lectins. II. Generation of high-affiniry galactose binding by site-directed mutagenesis. J Biol Chern 1994; 269: 15512-15519.
98. Sheriff S, Chang CY, Ezekowitz RA. Human mannose-binding prorein carbohydrate recognition domain uimerizes through a triple alpha-helical coiled-coil. Nat Strucr Biol 1994; 1:789-794.
99. Weis WI, Drickarner K. Trimetic suucture of a C-type mannose-binding protein. Structure 1994; 2:1227-1240. (Pubitemid 124001321)
100. Feinberg H, Guo Y, Mitchell DA et al. Extended neck regions stabilize teuamers of the receptors DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. J Biol Chern 2005; 280:1327-1335.
101. Mitchell DA, Fadden AJ, Drickarner K. A novel mechanism of carbohydrate recognition by the C-type lectins DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR: Subunit organization and binding to multivalent ligands. J Biol Chern 2001; 276:28939-28945.
102. Snyder GA, Ford J, Torabi-Parizi P et al. Characterization of DC-SIGN/R interaction with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 and ICAM molecules favors the receptor's role as an antigen-capturing rather than an adhesion receptor. J Virol 2005; 79:4589-4598. (Pubitemid 40464210)
103. Ashwell G, Harford J. Carbohydrate-specific receptors of the liver. Annu Rev Biochem 1982; 51:531-554.
104. Park EI, Manzella SM, Baenziger JU. Rapid clearance of sialylated glycoproteins by the asialoglycoprotein receptor. J Biol Chern 2003; 278:4597-4602. (Pubitemid 36800957)
105. Park EI, Mi Y, Unverzagt C et al. The asialoglycoprotein receptor clears glycoconjugates terminating with sialic acid alpha 2,6GalNAc. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102:17125-17129. (Pubitemid 41692694)
106. Yamamoto K, Ishida C, Shinohara Y et al. Interaction of immobilized recombinant mouse C-type macrophage lectin with glycopeptides and oligosaccharides. Biochemistry 1994; 33:8159-8166. (Pubitemid 24223838)
107. Yuita H, Tsuiji M, Tajika Y et al. Retardation of removal of radiation-induced apoptotic cells in developing neural tubes in macrophage galactose-type C-type lectin-I-deficient mouse embtyos. Glycobiology 2005; 15: 1368-1375. (Pubitemid 41724341)
108. Bilyy RO, Antonyuk YO, Stoika RS. Cytochemical study of role of alpha-d-mannose- and beta-d-galactose-containing glycoproteins in apoptosis. J Mol Histol 2004; 35:829-838. (Pubitemid 41404629)
109. Rapoport E, Khaidukov S, Baidina O et al. Involvement of the Galbetal - 3GalNAcbeta structure in the recognition of apoptotic bodies by THP-l cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2003; 82:295-302. (Pubitemid 36818153)
110. van Vliet SJ, van Liempt E, Saeland E et al. Carbohydrate profiling reveals a distinctive role for the C-type lectin MGL in the recognition of helminth parasites and tumor antigens by dendritic cells. Int Immunol 2005; 17:661-669. (Pubitemid 41417863)
111. Leteux C, Chai W, Loveless RW et al. The cysteine-rich domain of the macrophage mannose receptor is a multispecific lectin that recognizes chondroitin sulfates A and B and sulfated oligosaccharides of blood group Lewis(a) and Lewis(x) types in addition to the sulfated N-glycans of lutropin. J Exp Med 2000; 191:1117-1126. (Pubitemid 30207675)
112. Martinez-Pomares L, Crocker PR, Da Silva R et al. Cell-specific glycoforms of sialoadhesin and CD45 are counter-receptors for the cysteine-rich domain of the mannose receptor. J Biol Chern 1999; 274:35211-35218. (Pubitemid 129509665)
113. Martinez-Pomares L, Wienke D, Stillion R et al. Carbohydrate-independent recognition of collagens by the macrophage mannose receptor. Eur J Immunol 2006; 36:1074-1082.
114. Downing I, Koch C, Kilpatrick DC. Immature dendritic cells possess a sugar-sensitive receptor for human mannan-binding lectin. Immunology 2003; 109:360-364. (Pubitemid 36783261)
115. Downing I, MacDonald SL, Turner ML et al. Detection of an autologous ligand for mannan-binding lectin on human B lymphocytes. Scand J Immunol 2005; 62:507-514. (Pubitemid 41784077)
116. Arnold IN, Wormald MR, Suter DM et al. Human serum IgM glycosylation: Identification of glycoforms that can bind to mannan-binding lectin. J Biol Chern 2005; 280:29080-29087. (Pubitemid 41161358)
117. Roos A, Bouwman LH, van Gijlswijk-Janssen DJ et al. Human IgA activates the complement system via the mannan-binding lectin pathway. J Immunol 2001; 167:2861-2868. (Pubitemid 32768920)
118. Malhotra R, Wormald MR, Rudd PM et al. Glycosylation changes of IgG associated with rheumatoid arthritis can activate complement via the mannose-binding protein. Nat Med 1995; 1:237-243.
119. Arnold IN, Wallis R, Willis AC et al. Interaction of mannan binding lectin with alpha2 macroglobulin via exposed oligomannose glycans: A conserved feature of the thiol ester protein family? J Biol Chern 2006; 281:6955-6963. (Pubitemid 43847457)
120. Nauta AJ, Raaschou-Jensen N, Roos A et al. Mannose-binding lectin engagement with late apoptotic and necrotic cells. Eur J Immunol 2003; 33:2853-2863. (Pubitemid 37337151)
121. Ogden CA, deCathelineau A, Hoffmann PR et al. Clq and mannose binding lectin engagement of cell surface calreticulin and CD91 initiates macropinoCytosis and uptake of apoptotic cells. J Exp Med 2001; 194:781-795. (Pubitemid 32983014)
122. Stuart LM, Takahashi K, Shi L et al. Mannose-binding lectin-deficient mice display defective apoptotic cell clearance but no autoimmune phenotype. J Immunol 2005; 174:3220-3226. (Pubitemid 40354024)
123. Schagat TL, Wofford JA, Wright JR. Surfactant protein A enhances alveolar macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic neuuophils. J Immunol 2001; 166:2727-2733. (Pubitemid 32173514)
124. Vandivier RW, Ogden CA, Fadok VA et al. Role of surfactant proteins A, D, and Clq in the clearance of apoptotic cells in vivo and in vitro: Calreticulin and CD91 as a common collectin receptor complex. J Immunol 2002; 169:3978-3986.
125. Palaniyar N, Clark H, Nadesalingam J et al. SurfaCtant protein D binds genomic DNA and apoptotic cells, and enhances their clearance, in vivo. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 1010:471-475. (Pubitemid 38265027)
126. Palaniyar N, Nadesalingam J, Clark H et al. Nucleic acid is a novel ligand for innate, immune pattern recognition collectins surfactant proteins A and D and mannose-binding lectin. J Biol Chern 2004; 279:32728-32736. (Pubitemid 39014732)
127. Jiang H, Cooper B, Robey FA et al. DNA binds and activates complement via residues 14-26 of the human Clq A chain. J Biol Chern 1992; 267:25597-25601.
128. Geijtenbeek TB, Torensma R, van Vliet SJ et al. Identification of DC-SIGN, a novel dendritic cell-specific KAM-3 receptor that supports primary immune responses. Cell 2000; 100:575-585.
129. Geijtenbeek TB, Krooshoop DJ, Bleijs DA et al. DC-SIGN-lCAM-2 interaction mediates dendritic cell trafficking. Nat Immunol 2000; 1:353-357.
130. Su SV, Hong P, Baik S et al. DC-SIGN binds to HIV-l glycoprotein 120 in a distinct but overlapping fashion compared with KAM-2 and KAM-3. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:19122-19132. (Pubitemid 38623343)
131. Koppel EA, Ludwig IS, Hernandez MS et al. Identification of the mycobacterial carbohydrate structure that binds the C-type lectins DC-SIGN, L-SIGN and SIGNRI. Immunobiology 2004; 209:117-127. (Pubitemid 39255697)
132. McGreal EP, Rosas M, Brown GD et al. The carbohydrate-recognition domain of Dectin-2 is a C-type lectin with specificity for high mannose. Glycobiology 2006; 16:422-430.
133. Powlesland AS, Ward EM, Sadhu SK et al. Widely divergent biochemical properties of the complete set of mouse DC-SIGN-related proteins. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:20440-20449. (Pubitemid 44065817)
134. Takahara K, Yashima Y, Omatsu Y et al. Functional comparison of the mouse DC-SIGN, SIGNRl, SIGNR3 and Langerin, C-type lectins. Int Immunol 2004; 16:819-829. (Pubitemid 38786523)
135. Taylor PR, Brown GD, Herre J et al. The role of SIGNRI and the beta-glucan receptor (dectin-l) in the nonopsonic recognition of yeast by specific macrophages. J Immunol 2004; 172:1157-1162. (Pubitemid 38113776)
136. Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Bastone A et al. Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annu Rev Immunol 2005; 23:337-366. (Pubitemid 40563173)
137. Ernsley J, White HE, O'Hara BP et al. Structure of penrameric human serum amyloid P component. Nature 1994; 367:338-345. (Pubitemid 24062339)
138. Garlanda C, Hirsch E, Bozza S et al. Nonredundant role of the long pentraxin PTX3 in anti-fungal innate immune response. Nature 2002; 420: 182-186. (Pubitemid 35340122)
139. Varani S, Elvin JA, Yan C et al. Knockout of pentraxin 3, a downstream target of growth differentiation factor-9, causes female subfertility. Mol Endocrinol 2002; 16:1154-1167. (Pubitemid 34621066)
140. Rovere P, Peri G, Fazzini F et al. The long pentraxin PTX3 binds to apoptotic cells and regulates their clearance by antigen-presenting dendritic cells. Blood 2000; 96:4300-4306.
141. van Rossum AP, Fazzini F, Limburg PC et al. The prototypic tissue pentraxin PTX3, in contrast to the short pentraxin serum amyloid P, inhibits phagocytosis of late apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50:2667-2674. (Pubitemid 39062730)
142. Roumenina LT, Ruseva MM, Zlatarova A et al. Interaction of Clq with IgG 1, C-reactive protein and pentraxin 3: Mutational studies using recombinant globular head modules of human Clq A, B, and C chains. Biochemistty 2006; 45:4093-4104.
143. Brown GD, Gordon S. Immune recognition: A new receptor for beta-glucans. Nature 2001; 413:36-37. (Pubitemid 32843478)
144. Underhill DM, Ozinsky A, Hajjar AM et al. The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens. Nature 1999; 401:811-815.
145. Naracajan K, Dimasi N, Wang J et al. Structure and function of natural killer cell receptors: Multiple molecular solutions to self, nonself discrimination. Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20:853-885. (Pubitemid 34293442)
146. Ariizumi K, Shen GL, Shikano S et al. Identification of a novel, dendritic cell-associated molecule, dectin-l, by subtractive cDNA cloning. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:20157-20167. (Pubitemid 30441627)
147. Adachi Y, Ishii T, Ikeda Y et al. Characterization of beta-glucan recognition site on C-type lectin, dectin 1. Infect Immun 2004; 72:4159-4171. (Pubitemid 38821931)
148. Ichijo H, Hellman U, Wernstedt C et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of ficolin, a multimeric protein with fibrinogen- and collagen-like domains. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:14505-14513. (Pubitemid 23195582)
149. Fujita T, Matsushita M, Endo Y. The lectin-complement pathway-its role in innate immunity and evolution. Immunol Rev 2004; 198:185-202. (Pubitemid 38406944)
150. Frederiksen PD, Thiel S, Larsen CB et al. M-ficolin, an innate immune defence molecule, binds patterns of acetyl groups and activates complement. Scand J Immunol 2005; 62:462-473. (Pubitemid 41719322)
151. Krarup A, Thiel S, Hansen A et al. L-ficolin is a pattern recognition molecule specific for acetyl groups. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:47513-47519. (Pubitemid 39540895)
152. Kairies N, Beisel HG, Fuentes-Prior P et al. The 2.0-A crystal structure of tachylectin 5A provides evidence for the common origin of the innate immunity and the blood coagulation systems. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA 2001; 98:13519-13524. (Pubitemid 33115930)
153. Krarup A, Sorensen UB, Matsushita M et al. Effect of capsulation of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria on binding of the pattern recognition
154. Lynch NJ, Roscher S, Hartung T et al. L-ficolin specifically binds to lipoteichoic acid, a cell wall constituent of Gram-positive bacteria, and activates the lectin pathway of complement. J Immunol 2004; 172: 1198-1202. (Pubitemid 38113782)
155. Jensen ML, Honore C, Hummelshoj T et al. Ficolin-2 recognizes DNA and participates in the clearance of dying host cells. Mol Immunol 2006.
156. Kuraya M, Ming Z, Liu X et al. Specific binding of L-ficolin and H-ficolin to apoptotic cells leads to complement activation. Immunobiology 2005; 209:689-697. (Pubitemid 40287900)
157. Ma YG, Cho MY, Zhao M et al. Human mannose-binding lectin and L-ficolin function as specific pattern recognition proteins in the lectin activation pathway of complement. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:25307-25312. (Pubitemid 38756784)
158. Matsushita M, Kuraya M, Hamasaki N et al. Activation of the lectin complement pathway by H-ficolin (Hakata antigen). J Immunol 2002; 168:3502-3506. (Pubitemid 34250417)
159. Holmskov U, Thiel S, Jensenius JC. Collections and ficolins: Humoral lectins of the innate immune defense. Annu Rev Immunol 2003; 21:547-578. (Pubitemid 37174541)
160. Taylor PR, Martinez-Pomares L, Stacey M et al. Macrophage receptors and immune recognition. Annu Rev Immunol 2005; 23:901-944. (Pubitemid 40563189)
161. Taylor ME, Bezouska K, Drickamer K. Contribution to ligand binding by multiple carbohydrate-recognition domains in the macrophage mannose receptor. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 1719-1726.
162. Palma AS, Feizi T, Zhang Y et al. Ligands for the beta-g1ucan receptor, Dectin-l, assigned using "designer" microarrays of oligosaccharide probes (neoglycolipids) generated from g1ucan polysaccharides. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:5771-5779. (Pubitemid 43847676)
163. Eckmann L. Innate immunity and mucosal bacterial interactions in rhe intestine. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2004; 20:82-88. (Pubitemid 38297393)
164. Zarember KA, Godowski PJ. Tissue expression of human Toll-like receptors and differential regulation of Toll-like receptor mRNAs in leukocytes in response to microbes, their products, and cytokines. J Immunol 2002; 168:554-561. (Pubitemid 34049553)
165. Greene CM, Carroll TP, Smith SG et al. TLR-induced inflammation in cystic fibrosis and noncystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. J Immunol 2005; 174:1638-1646.
166. Heumann O, Lauener R, Ryffel B. The dual role of LBP and CD14 in response ro Gram-negative bacteria or Gram-negative compounds. J Endotoxin Res 2003; 9:381-384. (Pubitemid 38035602)
167. Devitt A, Moffatt OO, Raykundalia C et al. Human CD14 mediates recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Nature 1998; 392:505-509. (Pubitemid 28168983)
168. Kawai T, Akira S. Pathogen recognition with Toll-like receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 2005: 17:338-344. (Pubitemid 40848534)
169. Hermann C, Spreitzer 1, Schroder NW et al. Cyrokine induction by purified Iipoteichoic acids from various bacterial species-role of LBP, sCDI4, CD14 and failure to induce IL-12 and subsequent IFN-gamma release. Eur J Immunol 2002; 32:541-551. (Pubitemid 34173345)
170. Bottazzi B, Bastone A, Doni A et al. The long pentraxin PTX3 as a link among innate immunity, inflammation, and female fertility. J Leukoc Biol 2006; 79:909-912. (Pubitemid 44835576)
171. Jeannin P, Bonazzi B, Sironi M et al. Complexity and complementarity of outer membrane protein A recognition by cellular and humoral innate immunity receptors. Immunity 2005; 22:551-560. (Pubitemid 40719191)
172. Bottazzi B, Vouret-Craviari V, Bastone A et al. Multimer formation and ligand recognition by the long pentraxin PTX3: Similarities and differences with the shorr pentraxins C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:32817-32823. (Pubitemid 28023616)