메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 54, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 223-239

Drug resistance and genetic mapping in Plasmodium falciparum

Author keywords

Antimalarial agents; Genetics; Genomics; Malaria

Indexed keywords

ARTEMISIN; BENFLUMETOL; CHLOROQUINE; FANSIDAR; MEFLOQUINE; QUININE;

EID: 55349093261     PISSN: 01728083     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00294-008-0214-x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (54)

References (185)
  • 1
    • 36549009914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular inversion probe assay
    • Absalan F, Ronaghi M (2007) Molecular inversion probe assay. Methods Mol Biol 396:315-330
    • (2007) Methods Mol Biol , vol.396 , pp. 315-330
    • Absalan, F.1    Ronaghi, M.2
  • 2
    • 1642565114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping drug resistance genes in Plasmodium falciparum by genome-wide association
    • Anderson TJ (2004) Mapping drug resistance genes in Plasmodium falciparum by genome-wide association. Curr Drug Targets Infect Disord 4:65-78
    • (2004) Curr Drug Targets Infect Disord , vol.4 , pp. 65-78
    • Anderson, T.J.1
  • 3
    • 0034089753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographical structure and sequence evolution as inferred from the Plasmodium falciparum S-antigen locus
    • Anderson TJ, Day KP (2000) Geographical structure and sequence evolution as inferred from the Plasmodium falciparum S-antigen locus. Mol Biochem Parasitol 106:321-326
    • (2000) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.106 , pp. 321-326
    • Anderson, T.J.1    Day, K.P.2
  • 4
    • 0033664786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex mutations in a high proportion of microsatellite loci from the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum
    • Anderson TJ, Su X-z, Roddam A, Day KP (2000) Complex mutations in a high proportion of microsatellite loci from the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Ecol 9:1599-1608
    • (2000) Mol Ecol , vol.9 , pp. 1599-1608
    • Anderson, T.J.1    Su, X.-Z.2    Roddam, A.3    Day, K.P.4
  • 5
    • 19544366088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are transporter genes other than the chloroquine resistance locus (pfcrt) and multidrug resistance gene (pfmdr) associated with antimalarial drug resistance?
    • Anderson TJ, Nair S, Qin H, Singlam S, Brockman A, Paiphun L, Nosten F (2005) Are transporter genes other than the chloroquine resistance locus (pfcrt) and multidrug resistance gene (pfmdr) associated with antimalarial drug resistance? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:2180-2188
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 2180-2188
    • Anderson, T.J.1    Nair, S.2    Qin, H.3    Singlam, S.4    Brockman, A.5    Paiphun, L.6    Nosten, F.7
  • 6
    • 16844376016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of antimalarial drugs
    • Baird JK (2005) Effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. N Engl J Med 352:1565-1577
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 1565-1577
    • Baird, J.K.1
  • 8
    • 0026446186 scopus 로고
    • In vitro activity of halofantrine and its relationship to other standard antimalarial drugs against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Basco LK, Le Bras J (1992) In vitro activity of halofantrine and its relationship to other standard antimalarial drugs against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 47:521-527
    • (1992) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.47 , pp. 521-527
    • Basco, L.K.1    Le Bras, J.2
  • 9
    • 0027491870 scopus 로고
    • In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Basco LK, Le Bras J (1993) In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49:301-307
    • (1993) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.49 , pp. 301-307
    • Basco, L.K.1    Le Bras, J.2
  • 11
    • 0035295426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum populations and complexity of infections in relation to transmission intensity and host age: A study from the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania
    • Bendixen M, Msangeni HA, Pedersen BV, Shayo D, Bodker R (2001) Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum populations and complexity of infections in relation to transmission intensity and host age: A study from the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95:143-148
    • (2001) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.95 , pp. 143-148
    • Bendixen, M.1    Msangeni, H.A.2    Pedersen, B.V.3    Shayo, D.4    Bodker, R.5
  • 15
    • 0034674901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A family of drug transporters: The multidrug resistance-associated proteins
    • Borst P, Evers R, Kool M, Wijnholds J (2000) A family of drug transporters: The multidrug resistance-associated proteins. J Natl Cancer Inst 92:1295-1302
    • (2000) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.92 , pp. 1295-1302
    • Borst, P.1    Evers, R.2    Kool, M.3    Wijnholds, J.4
  • 17
    • 1342303735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression profiling of the schizont and trophozoite stages of Plasmodium falciparum with a long-oligonucleotide microarray
    • Bozdech Z, Zhu J, Joachimiak MP, Cohen FE, Pulliam B, DeRisi JL (2003) Expression profiling of the schizont and trophozoite stages of Plasmodium falciparum with a long-oligonucleotide microarray. Genome Biol 4:R9
    • (2003) Genome Biol , vol.4
    • Bozdech, Z.1    Zhu, J.2    Joachimiak, M.P.3    Cohen, F.E.4    Pulliam, B.5    DeRisi, J.L.6
  • 18
    • 0026051726 scopus 로고
    • Mefloquine-resistant malaria induced by inappropriate quinine regimens?
    • Brasseur P, Kouamouo J, Druilhe P (1991) Mefloquine-resistant malaria induced by inappropriate quinine regimens? J Infect Dis 164:625-626
    • (1991) J Infect Dis , vol.164 , pp. 625-626
    • Brasseur, P.1    Kouamouo, J.2    Druilhe, P.3
  • 19
    • 0026562874 scopus 로고
    • Multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria in Cameroon in 1987-1988. II. Mefloquine resistance confirmed in vivo and in vitro and its correlation with quinine resistance
    • Brasseur P, Kouamouo J, Moyou-Somo R, Druilhe P (1992) Multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria in Cameroon in 1987-1988. II. Mefloquine resistance confirmed in vivo and in vitro and its correlation with quinine resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 46:8-14
    • (1992) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.46 , pp. 8-14
    • Brasseur, P.1    Kouamouo, J.2    Moyou-Somo, R.3    Druilhe, P.4
  • 21
    • 0034780986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomagnetic separation of contaminating host leukocytes from plasmodium-infected erythrocytes
    • Carlton JM, Yowell CA, Sturrock KA, Dame JB (2001) Biomagnetic separation of contaminating host leukocytes from plasmodium-infected erythrocytes. Exp Parasitol 97:111-114
    • (2001) Exp Parasitol , vol.97 , pp. 111-114
    • Carlton, J.M.1    Yowell, C.A.2    Sturrock, K.A.3    Dame, J.B.4
  • 22
    • 27644464529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray-based comparative genomic analyses of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum using Affymetrix arrays
    • Carret CK, Horrocks P, Konfortov B, Winzeler E, Qureshi M, Newbold C, Ivens A (2005) Microarray-based comparative genomic analyses of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum using Affymetrix arrays. Mol Biochem Parasitol 144:177-186
    • (2005) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.144 , pp. 177-186
    • Carret, C.K.1    Horrocks, P.2    Konfortov, B.3    Winzeler, E.4    Qureshi, M.5    Newbold, C.6    Ivens, A.7
  • 23
    • 24944572285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro antimalarial drug susceptibility in Thai border areas from 1998-2003
    • Chaijaroenkul W, Bangchang KN, Mungthin M, Ward SA (2005) In vitro antimalarial drug susceptibility in Thai border areas from 1998-2003. Malar J 4:37
    • (2005) Malar J , vol.4 , pp. 37
    • Chaijaroenkul, W.1    Bangchang, K.N.2    Mungthin, M.3    Ward, S.A.4
  • 24
    • 0032710169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of mefloquine resistance and amplification of pfmdr1 in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Thailand
    • Chaiyaroj SC, Buranakiti A, Angkasekwinai P, Looressuwan S, Cowman AF (1999) Analysis of mefloquine resistance and amplification of pfmdr1 in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61:780-783
    • (1999) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.61 , pp. 780-783
    • Chaiyaroj, S.C.1    Buranakiti, A.2    Angkasekwinai, P.3    Looressuwan, S.4    Cowman, A.F.5
  • 25
    • 33847361115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of Pyrosequencing for accurate and high throughput estimation of allele frequencies in malaria parasites
    • Cheesman S, Creasey A, Degnan K, Kooij T, Afonso A, Cravo P, Carter R, Hunt P (2007) Validation of Pyrosequencing for accurate and high throughput estimation of allele frequencies in malaria parasites. Mol Biochem Parasitol 152:213-219
    • (2007) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.152 , pp. 213-219
    • Cheesman, S.1    Creasey, A.2    Degnan, K.3    Kooij, T.4    Afonso, A.5    Cravo, P.6    Carter, R.7    Hunt, P.8
  • 26
    • 0242290995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pfcrt allelic types with two novel amino acid mutations in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines
    • Chen N, Kyle DE, Pasay C, Fowler EV, Baker J, Peters JM, Cheng Q (2003) pfcrt allelic types with two novel amino acid mutations in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47:3500-3505
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 3500-3505
    • Chen, N.1    Kyle, D.E.2    Pasay, C.3    Fowler, E.V.4    Baker, J.5    Peters, J.M.6    Cheng, Q.7
  • 28
    • 0021249879 scopus 로고
    • Synergistic antimalarial activity of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro
    • Chulay JD, Watkins WM, Sixsmith DG (1984) Synergistic antimalarial activity of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg 33:325-330
    • (1984) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.33 , pp. 325-330
    • Chulay, J.D.1    Watkins, W.M.2    Sixsmith, D.G.3
  • 29
    • 0032539537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping a disease locus by allelic association
    • Collins A, Morton NE (1998) Mapping a disease locus by allelic association. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:1741-1745
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 1741-1745
    • Collins, A.1    Morton, N.E.2
  • 31
    • 18244396971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative mutations at position 76 of the vacuolar transmembrane protein PfCRT are associated with chloroquine resistance and unique stereospecific quinine and quinidine responses in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Cooper RA, Ferdig MT, Su X-z, Ursos LM, Mu J, Nomura T, Fujioka H, Fidock DA, Roepe PD, Wellems TE (2002) Alternative mutations at position 76 of the vacuolar transmembrane protein PfCRT are associated with chloroquine resistance and unique stereospecific quinine and quinidine responses in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Pharmacol 61:35-42
    • (2002) Mol Pharmacol , vol.61 , pp. 35-42
    • Cooper, R.A.1    Ferdig, M.T.2    Su, X.-Z.3    Ursos, L.M.4    Mu, J.5    Nomura, T.6    Fujioka, H.7    Fidock, D.A.8    Roepe, P.D.9    Wellems, T.E.10
  • 32
    • 19344366882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pfcrt is more than the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance gene: A functional and evolutionary perspective
    • Cooper RA, Hartwig CL, Ferdig MT (2005) pfcrt is more than the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance gene: A functional and evolutionary perspective. Acta Trop 94:170-180
    • (2005) Acta Trop , vol.94 , pp. 170-180
    • Cooper, R.A.1    Hartwig, C.L.2    Ferdig, M.T.3
  • 33
    • 0036786291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and dissemination of Plasmodium falciparum drug-resistance mutations in South America
    • Cortese JF, Caraballo A, Contreras CE, Plowe CV (2002) Origin and dissemination of Plasmodium falciparum drug-resistance mutations in South America. J Infect Dis 186:999-1006
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.186 , pp. 999-1006
    • Cortese, J.F.1    Caraballo, A.2    Contreras, C.E.3    Plowe, C.V.4
  • 34
    • 0028014644 scopus 로고
    • Selection for mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is linked to amplification of the pfmdr1 gene and cross-resistance to halofantrine and quinine
    • Cowman AF, Galatis D, Thompson JK (1994) Selection for mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is linked to amplification of the pfmdr1 gene and cross-resistance to halofantrine and quinine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:1143-1147
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 1143-1147
    • Cowman, A.F.1    Galatis, D.2    Thompson, J.K.3
  • 35
    • 0000854414 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid changes linked to pyrimethamine resistance in the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Cowman AF, Morry MJ, Biggs BA, Cross GA, Foote SJ (1988) Amino acid changes linked to pyrimethamine resistance in the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene of Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:9109-9113
    • (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.85 , pp. 9109-9113
    • Cowman, A.F.1    Morry, M.J.2    Biggs, B.A.3    Cross, G.A.4    Foote, S.J.5
  • 36
    • 33947239379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uncertain burden of Plasmodium falciparum epidemics in Africa
    • Cox J, Hay SI, Abeku TA, Checchi F, Snow RW (2007) The uncertain burden of Plasmodium falciparum epidemics in Africa. Trends Parasitol 23:142-148
    • (2007) Trends Parasitol , vol.23 , pp. 142-148
    • Cox, J.1    Hay, S.I.2    Abeku, T.A.3    Checchi, F.4    Snow, R.W.5
  • 37
    • 0030006717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of promoters and stable transfection by homologous and nonhomologous recombination in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Crabb BS, Cowman AF (1996) Characterization of promoters and stable transfection by homologous and nonhomologous recombination in Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:7289-7294
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 7289-7294
    • Crabb, B.S.1    Cowman, A.F.2
  • 40
    • 25844487733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily in vertebrates
    • Dean M, Annilo T (2005) Evolution of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily in vertebrates. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 6:123-142
    • (2005) Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet , vol.6 , pp. 123-142
    • Dean, M.1    Annilo, T.2
  • 41
    • 0018606732 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated microdilution technique
    • Desjardins RE, Canfield CJ, Haynes JD, Chulay JD (1979) Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated microdilution technique. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 16:710-718
    • (1979) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.16 , pp. 710-718
    • Desjardins, R.E.1    Canfield, C.J.2    Haynes, J.D.3    Chulay, J.D.4
  • 43
    • 0002745249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage disequilibrium between two chromosomally distinct loci associated with increased resistance to chloroquine in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Duraisingh MT, von Seidlein LV, Jepson A, Jones P, Sambou I, Pinder M, Warhurst DC (2000) Linkage disequilibrium between two chromosomally distinct loci associated with increased resistance to chloroquine in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology 121:1-7
    • (2000) Parasitology , vol.121 , pp. 1-7
    • Duraisingh, M.T.1    von Seidlein, L.V.2    Jepson, A.3    Jones, P.4    Sambou, I.5    Pinder, M.6    Warhurst, D.C.7
  • 45
    • 38449104721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria with quinine-doxycycline combination therapy
    • Ejaz A, Haqnawaz K, Hussain Z, Butt R, Awan ZI, Bux H (2007) Treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria with quinine-doxycycline combination therapy. J Pak Med Assoc 57:502-505
    • (2007) J Pak Med Assoc , vol.57 , pp. 502-505
    • Ejaz, A.1    Haqnawaz, K.2    Hussain, Z.3    Butt, R.4    Awan, Z.I.5    Bux, H.6
  • 50
    • 0024338609 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene in some chloroquine- resistant isolates of P. falciparum
    • Foote SJ, Thompson JK, Cowman AF, Kemp DJ (1989) Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene in some chloroquine- resistant isolates of P. falciparum. Cell 57:921-930
    • (1989) Cell , vol.57 , pp. 921-930
    • Foote, S.J.1    Thompson, J.K.2    Cowman, A.F.3    Kemp, D.J.4
  • 51
    • 0025269612 scopus 로고
    • Several alleles of the multidrug-resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Foote SJ, Kyle DE, Martin RK, Oduola AM, Forsyth K, Kemp DJ, Cowman AF (1990) Several alleles of the multidrug-resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 345:255-258
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 255-258
    • Foote, S.J.1    Kyle, D.E.2    Martin, R.K.3    Oduola, A.M.4    Forsyth, K.5    Kemp, D.J.6    Cowman, A.F.7
  • 53
    • 0027309150 scopus 로고
    • Sequence and organization of large subunit rRNA genes from the extrachromosomal 35 kb circular DNA of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
    • Gardner MJ, Feagin JE, Moore DJ, Rangachari K, Williamson DH, Wilson RJ (1993) Sequence and organization of large subunit rRNA genes from the extrachromosomal 35 kb circular DNA of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res 21:1067-1071
    • (1993) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.21 , pp. 1067-1071
    • Gardner, M.J.1    Feagin, J.E.2    Moore, D.J.3    Rangachari, K.4    Williamson, D.H.5    Wilson, R.J.6
  • 55
    • 0347659255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione is involved in the antimalarial action of chloroquine and its modulation affects drug sensitivity of human and murine species of Plasmodium
    • Ginsburg H, Golenser J (2003) Glutathione is involved in the antimalarial action of chloroquine and its modulation affects drug sensitivity of human and murine species of Plasmodium. Redox Rep 8:276-279
    • (2003) Redox Rep , vol.8 , pp. 276-279
    • Ginsburg, H.1    Golenser, J.2
  • 56
    • 39849106369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The limits and intensity of Plasmodium falciparum transmission: Implications for malaria control and elimination worldwide
    • Guerra CA, Gikandi PW, Tatem AJ, Noor AM, Smith DL, Hay SI, Snow RW (2008) The limits and intensity of Plasmodium falciparum transmission: implications for malaria control and elimination worldwide. PLoS Med 5:e38
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Guerra, C.A.1    Gikandi, P.W.2    Tatem, A.J.3    Noor, A.M.4    Smith, D.L.5    Hay, S.I.6    Snow, R.W.7
  • 57
    • 18144425478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide scalable SNP genotyping assay using microarray technology
    • Gunderson KL, Steemers FJ, Lee G, Mendoza LG, Chee MS (2005) A genome-wide scalable SNP genotyping assay using microarray technology. Nat Genet 37:549-554
    • (2005) Nat Genet , vol.37 , pp. 549-554
    • Gunderson, K.L.1    Steemers, F.J.2    Lee, G.3    Mendoza, L.G.4    Chee, M.S.5
  • 64
    • 0015175640 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for cyclic development and short-lived maturity in the gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Hawking F, Wilson ME, Gammage K (1971) Evidence for cyclic development and short-lived maturity in the gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 65:549-559
    • (1971) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.65 , pp. 549-559
    • Hawking, F.1    Wilson, M.E.2    Gammage, K.3
  • 65
    • 55349106259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and biochemical aspects of drug resistance in malaria parasites
    • Hayton K, Su X-z (2004) Genetic and biochemical aspects of drug resistance in malaria parasites. Current Drug Targets - Infectious Disorders 3:115-128
    • (2004) Current Drug Targets - Infectious Disorders , vol.3 , pp. 115-128
    • Hayton, K.1    Su, X.-Z.2
  • 68
    • 13144306071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association studies for common diseases and complex traits
    • Hirschhorn JN, Daly MJ (2005) Genome-wide association studies for common diseases and complex traits. Nat Rev Genet 6:95-108
    • (2005) Nat Rev Genet , vol.6 , pp. 95-108
    • Hirschhorn, J.N.1    Daly, M.J.2
  • 71
    • 33845276305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current understanding of the molecular basis of chloroquine-resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Jiang H, Joy DA, Furuya T, Su X-z (2006) Current understanding of the molecular basis of chloroquine-resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. J Postgrad Med 52:271-276
    • (2006) J Postgrad Med , vol.52 , pp. 271-276
    • Jiang, H.1    Joy, D.A.2    Furuya, T.3    Su, X.-Z.4
  • 73
  • 74
    • 34250186429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening
    • Johnson JD, Dennull RA, Gerena L, Lopez-Sanchez M, Roncal NE, Waters NC (2007) Assessment and continued validation of the malaria SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay for use in malaria drug screening. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51:1926-1933
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 1926-1933
    • Johnson, J.D.1    Dennull, R.A.2    Gerena, L.3    Lopez-Sanchez, M.4    Roncal, N.E.5    Waters, N.C.6
  • 75
    • 34547365034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity and population history of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax
    • Joy DA, Mu J, Jiang H, Su X-Z (2006) Genetic diversity and population history of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Parassitologia 48:561-566
    • (2006) Parassitologia , vol.48 , pp. 561-566
    • Joy, D.A.1    Mu, J.2    Jiang, H.3    Su, X.-Z.4
  • 77
    • 20444405371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteome analysis of separated male and female gametocytes reveals novel sex-specific Plasmodium biology
    • Khan SM, Franke-Fayard B, Mair GR, Lasonder E, Janse CJ, Mann M, Waters AP (2005) Proteome analysis of separated male and female gametocytes reveals novel sex-specific Plasmodium biology. Cell 121:675-687
    • (2005) Cell , vol.121 , pp. 675-687
    • Khan, S.M.1    Franke-Fayard, B.2    Mair, G.R.3    Lasonder, E.4    Janse, C.J.5    Mann, M.6    Waters, A.P.7
  • 79
    • 33646232009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation and high multiplicity of first Plasmodium falciparum infections in children from a holoendemic area in Ghana, West Africa
    • Kobbe R, Neuhoff R, Marks F, Adjei S, Langefeld I, von Reden C, Adjei O, Meyer CG, May J (2006) Seasonal variation and high multiplicity of first Plasmodium falciparum infections in children from a holoendemic area in Ghana, West Africa. Trop Med Int Health 11:613-619
    • (2006) Trop Med Int Health , vol.11 , pp. 613-619
    • Kobbe, R.1    Neuhoff, R.2    Marks, F.3    Adjei, S.4    Langefeld, I.5    von Reden, C.6    Adjei, O.7    Meyer, C.G.8    May, J.9
  • 80
    • 0033039497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for whole-genome linkage disequilibrium mapping of common disease genes
    • Kruglyak L (1999) Prospects for whole-genome linkage disequilibrium mapping of common disease genes. Nat Genet 22:139-144
    • (1999) Nat Genet , vol.22 , pp. 139-144
    • Kruglyak, L.1
  • 82
    • 40049109285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring and deterring drug-resistant malaria in the era of combination therapy
    • Laufer MK, Djimde AA, Plowe CV (2007) Monitoring and deterring drug-resistant malaria in the era of combination therapy. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77:160-169
    • (2007) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.77 , pp. 160-169
    • Laufer, M.K.1    Djimde, A.A.2    Plowe, C.V.3
  • 83
    • 0037396367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of resistance to antimalarial drugs in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Le Bras J, Durand R (2003) The mechanisms of resistance to antimalarial drugs in Plasmodium falciparum. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 17:147-153
    • (2003) Fundam Clin Pharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 147-153
    • Le Bras, J.1    Durand, R.2
  • 84
    • 0036749434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring the chromosome 2 intraerythrocytic transcriptome of Plasmodium falciparum using oligonucleotide arrays
    • Le Roch KG, Zhou Y, Batalov S, Winzeler EA (2002) Monitoring the chromosome 2 intraerythrocytic transcriptome of Plasmodium falciparum using oligonucleotide arrays. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67:233-243
    • (2002) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.67 , pp. 233-243
    • Le Roch, K.G.1    Zhou, Y.2    Batalov, S.3    Winzeler, E.A.4
  • 86
    • 0030219812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium falciparum: Amplification and overexpression of pfmdr1 is not necessary for increased mefloquine resistance
    • Lim AS, Galatis D, Cowman AF (1996) Plasmodium falciparum: Amplification and overexpression of pfmdr1 is not necessary for increased mefloquine resistance. Exp Parasitol 83:295-303
    • (1996) Exp Parasitol , vol.83 , pp. 295-303
    • Lim, A.S.1    Galatis, D.2    Cowman, A.F.3
  • 89
    • 49449104278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Plasmodium falciparum mixed infections on in vitro antimalarial drug tests and genotyping
    • Liu S, Mu J, Jiang H, Su XZ (2008) Effects of Plasmodium falciparum mixed infections on in vitro antimalarial drug tests and genotyping. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79:178-184
    • (2008) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.79 , pp. 178-184
    • Liu, S.1    Mu, J.2    Jiang, H.3    Su, X.Z.4
  • 90
    • 0031747383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring for mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Africa: Implications for travelers' health
    • Lobel HO, Varma JK, Miani M, Green M, Todd GD, Grady K, Barber AM (1998) Monitoring for mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Africa: implications for travelers' health. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59:129-132
    • (1998) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.59 , pp. 129-132
    • Lobel, H.O.1    Varma, J.K.2    Miani, M.3    Green, M.4    Todd, G.D.5    Grady, K.6    Barber, A.M.7
  • 91
    • 0033152090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the Pfg27 locus by homologous recombination leads to loss of the sexual phenotype in P. falciparum
    • Lobo CA, Fujioka H, Aikawa M, Kumar N (1999) Disruption of the Pfg27 locus by homologous recombination leads to loss of the sexual phenotype in P. falciparum. Mol Cell 3:793-798
    • (1999) Mol Cell , vol.3 , pp. 793-798
    • Lobo, C.A.1    Fujioka, H.2    Aikawa, M.3    Kumar, N.4
  • 92
    • 0026030165 scopus 로고
    • The genetic structure of admixed populations
    • Long JC (1991) The genetic structure of admixed populations. Genetics 127:417-428
    • (1991) Genetics , vol.127 , pp. 417-428
    • Long, J.C.1
  • 99
    • 34250183082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common origin and fixation of Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps mutations associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in a low-transmission area in South America
    • McCollum AM, Mueller K, Villegas L, Udhayakumar V, Escalante AA (2007) Common origin and fixation of Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps mutations associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in a low-transmission area in South America. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51:2085-2091
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 2085-2091
    • McCollum, A.M.1    Mueller, K.2    Villegas, L.3    Udhayakumar, V.4    Escalante, A.A.5
  • 101
    • 41549097809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time PCR/MCA assay using fluorescence resonance energy transfer for the genotyping of resistance related DHPS-540 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Mens PF, van Overmeir C, Bonnet M, Dujardin JC, d'Alessandro U (2008) Real-time PCR/MCA assay using fluorescence resonance energy transfer for the genotyping of resistance related DHPS-540 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 7:48
    • (2008) Malar J , vol.7 , pp. 48
    • Mens, P.F.1    van Overmeir, C.2    Bonnet, M.3    Dujardin, J.C.4    d'Alessandro, U.5
  • 110
    • 23044496331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple histidine-rich protein 2 double-site sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in malaria drug sensitivity testing
    • Noedl H, Bronnert J, Yingyuen K, Attlmayr B, Kollaritsch H, Fukuda M (2005) Simple histidine-rich protein 2 double-site sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for use in malaria drug sensitivity testing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:3575-3577
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 3575-3577
    • Noedl, H.1    Bronnert, J.2    Yingyuen, K.3    Attlmayr, B.4    Kollaritsch, H.5    Fukuda, M.6
  • 111
    • 40049110830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin-based combination treatment of falciparum malaria
    • Nosten F, White NJ (2007) Artemisinin-based combination treatment of falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77:181-192
    • (2007) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.77 , pp. 181-192
    • Nosten, F.1    White, N.J.2
  • 113
    • 0023630539 scopus 로고
    • Spread of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Payne D (1987) Spread of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Today 3:241-246
    • (1987) Parasitol Today , vol.3 , pp. 241-246
    • Payne, D.1
  • 114
    • 0028135205 scopus 로고
    • A strong association between mefloquine and halofantrine resistance and amplification, overexpression, and mutation in the P-glycoprotein gene homolog (pfmdr) of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro
    • Peel SA, Bright P, Yount B, Handy J, Baric RS (1994) A strong association between mefloquine and halofantrine resistance and amplification, overexpression, and mutation in the P-glycoprotein gene homolog (pfmdr) of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51:648-658
    • (1994) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.51 , pp. 648-658
    • Peel, S.A.1    Bright, P.2    Yount, B.3    Handy, J.4    Baric, R.S.5
  • 115
    • 0000841123 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that a point mutation in dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase confers resistance to pyrimethamine in falciparum malaria
    • Peterson DS, Walliker D, Wellems TE (1988) Evidence that a point mutation in dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase confers resistance to pyrimethamine in falciparum malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:9114-9118
    • (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.85 , pp. 9114-9118
    • Peterson, D.S.1    Walliker, D.2    Wellems, T.E.3
  • 116
    • 0025252334 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of differential resistance to cycloguanil and pyrimethamine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria
    • Peterson DS, Milhous WK, Wellems TE (1990) Molecular basis of differential resistance to cycloguanil and pyrimethamine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:3018-3022
    • (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.87 , pp. 3018-3022
    • Peterson, D.S.1    Milhous, W.K.2    Wellems, T.E.3
  • 120
    • 0034118493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data
    • Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155:945-959
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.155 , pp. 945-959
    • Pritchard, J.K.1    Stephens, M.2    Donnelly, P.3
  • 123
    • 0018612308 scopus 로고
    • Antimalarial studies on qinhaosu
    • Qinghansu Antimalarial Co-ordinating Group
    • Qinghansu Antimalarial Co-ordinating Group (1979) Antimalarial studies on qinhaosu. Clinical Medicine Journal 92:811-816
    • (1979) Clinical Medicine Journal , vol.92 , pp. 811-816
  • 124
    • 55349087636 scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure and absolute configuration of Qinghausu
    • Qinghaosu Research Group
    • Qinghaosu Research Group (1978) Crystal structure and absolute configuration of Qinghausu. Scientia Sinica 23:381-396
    • (1978) Scientia Sinica , vol.23 , pp. 381-396
  • 127
    • 0029775095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes and in vitro susceptibility to pyrimethamine and cycloguanil of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea
    • Reeder JC, Rieckmann KH, Genton B, Lorry K, Wines B, Cowman AF (1996) Point mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase genes and in vitro susceptibility to pyrimethamine and cycloguanil of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 55:209-213
    • (1996) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.55 , pp. 209-213
    • Reeder, J.C.1    Rieckmann, K.H.2    Genton, B.3    Lorry, K.4    Wines, B.5    Cowman, A.F.6
  • 129
    • 0018262277 scopus 로고
    • Drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum. An in-vitro microtechnique
    • Rieckmann KH, Campbell GH, Sax LJ, Mrema JE (1978) Drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum. An in-vitro microtechnique. Lancet 1:22-23
    • (1978) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 22-23
    • Rieckmann, K.H.1    Campbell, G.H.2    Sax, L.J.3    Mrema, J.E.4
  • 136
    • 0036094731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power calculations for genetic association studies using estimated probability distributions
    • Schork NJ (2002) Power calculations for genetic association studies using estimated probability distributions. Am J Hum Genet 70:1480-1489
    • (2002) Am J Hum Genet , vol.70 , pp. 1480-1489
    • Schork, N.J.1
  • 138
    • 23744435838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pfmdr1 mutations contribute to quinine resistance and enhance mefloquine and artemisinin sensitivity in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Sidhu AB, Valderramos SG, Fidock DA (2005) pfmdr1 mutations contribute to quinine resistance and enhance mefloquine and artemisinin sensitivity in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Microbiol 57:913-926
    • (2005) Mol Microbiol , vol.57 , pp. 913-926
    • Sidhu, A.B.1    Valderramos, S.G.2    Fidock, D.A.3
  • 139
    • 33746302565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreasing pfmdr1 copy number in Plasmodium falciparum malaria heightens susceptibility to mefloquine, lumefantrine, halofantrine, quinine, and artemisinin
    • Sidhu AB, Uhlemann AC, Valderramos SG, Valderramos JC, Krishna S, Fidock DA (2006) Decreasing pfmdr1 copy number in Plasmodium falciparum malaria heightens susceptibility to mefloquine, lumefantrine, halofantrine, quinine, and artemisinin. J Infect Dis 194:528-535
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.194 , pp. 528-535
    • Sidhu, A.B.1    Uhlemann, A.C.2    Valderramos, S.G.3    Valderramos, J.C.4    Krishna, S.5    Fidock, D.A.6
  • 140
    • 0037020024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations
    • Sidhu AB, Verdier-Pinard D, Fidock DA (2002) Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations. Science 298:210-213
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 210-213
    • Sidhu, A.B.1    Verdier-Pinard, D.2    Fidock, D.A.3
  • 141
    • 0022409194 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the meiotic division of malarial parasites
    • Sinden RE, Hartley RH (1985) Identification of the meiotic division of malarial parasites. J Protozool 32:742-744
    • (1985) J Protozool , vol.32 , pp. 742-744
    • Sinden, R.E.1    Hartley, R.H.2
  • 143
    • 0000715174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dihydrofolate reductase and antifolate resistance in malaria
    • Siriwaraporn W (1998) Dihydrofolate reductase and antifolate resistance in malaria. Drug Resistance Updates 1:397-406
    • (1998) Drug Resistance Updates , vol.1 , pp. 397-406
    • Siriwaraporn, W.1
  • 146
    • 15044338866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria
    • Snow RW, Guerra CA, Noor AM, Myint HY, Hay SI (2005) The global distribution of clinical episodes of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Nature 434:214-217
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 214-217
    • Snow, R.W.1    Guerra, C.A.2    Noor, A.M.3    Myint, H.Y.4    Hay, S.I.5
  • 147
    • 33847057776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole genome genotyping technologies on the BeadArray platform
    • Steemers FJ, Gunderson KL (2007) Whole genome genotyping technologies on the BeadArray platform. Biotechnol J 2:41-49
    • (2007) Biotechnol J , vol.2 , pp. 41-49
    • Steemers, F.J.1    Gunderson, K.L.2
  • 148
    • 0029996805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a high-resolution Plasmodium falciparum linkage map: Polymorphic markers from hundreds of simple sequence repeats
    • Su X-z, Wellems TE (1996) Toward a high-resolution Plasmodium falciparum linkage map: Polymorphic markers from hundreds of simple sequence repeats. Genomics 33:430-444
    • (1996) Genomics , vol.33 , pp. 430-444
    • Su, X.-Z.1    Wellems, T.E.2
  • 149
    • 4644316717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic mapping in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
    • Su X-z, Wootton JC (2004) Genetic mapping in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Microbiol 53:1573-1582
    • (2004) Mol Microbiol , vol.53 , pp. 1573-1582
    • Su, X.-Z.1    Wootton, J.C.2
  • 150
    • 0031589733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex polymorphisms in an approximately 330 kDa protein are linked to chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum in Southeast Asia and Africa
    • Su X-z, Kirkman LA, Fujioka H, Wellems TE (1997) Complex polymorphisms in an approximately 330 kDa protein are linked to chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum in Southeast Asia and Africa. Cell 91:593-603
    • (1997) Cell , vol.91 , pp. 593-603
    • Su, X.-Z.1    Kirkman, L.A.2    Fujioka, H.3    Wellems, T.E.4
  • 151
  • 152
    • 34250744253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic linkage and association analyses for trait mapping in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Su X-z, Hayton K, Wellems TE (2007) Genetic linkage and association analyses for trait mapping in Plasmodium falciparum. Nat Rev Genet 8:497-506
    • (2007) Nat Rev Genet , vol.8 , pp. 497-506
    • Su, X.-Z.1    Hayton, K.2    Wellems, T.E.3
  • 153
    • 0023752708 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and partial sequence of a 5.8 kilobase pair repetitive DNA from Plasmodium falciparum
    • Suplick K, Akella R, Saul A, Vaidya AB (1988) Molecular cloning and partial sequence of a 5.8 kilobase pair repetitive DNA from Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 30:289-290
    • (1988) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 289-290
    • Suplick, K.1    Akella, R.2    Saul, A.3    Vaidya, A.B.4
  • 154
    • 33646693855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-throughput method for quantifying alleles and haplotypes of the malaria vaccine candidate Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 19 kDa
    • Takala SL, Smith DL, Stine OC, Coulibaly D, Thera MA, Doumbo OK, Plowe CV (2006) A high-throughput method for quantifying alleles and haplotypes of the malaria vaccine candidate Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 19 kDa. Malar J 5:31
    • (2006) Malar J , vol.5 , pp. 31
    • Takala, S.L.1    Smith, D.L.2    Stine, O.C.3    Coulibaly, D.4    Thera, M.A.5    Doumbo, O.K.6    Plowe, C.V.7
  • 156
    • 0031444278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in dihydropteroate synthase are responsible for sulfone and sulfonamide resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Triglia T, Menting JG, Wilson C, Cowman AF (1997) Mutations in dihydropteroate synthase are responsible for sulfone and sulfonamide resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:13944-13949
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 13944-13949
    • Triglia, T.1    Menting, J.G.2    Wilson, C.3    Cowman, A.F.4
  • 157
    • 0028878699 scopus 로고
    • A genetic locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 12 linked to a defect in mosquito-infectivity and male gametogenesis
    • Vaidya AB, Muratova O, Guinet F, Keister D, Wellems TE, Kaslow DC (1995) A genetic locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 12 linked to a defect in mosquito-infectivity and male gametogenesis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 69:65-71
    • (1995) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.69 , pp. 65-71
    • Vaidya, A.B.1    Muratova, O.2    Guinet, F.3    Keister, D.4    Wellems, T.E.5    Kaslow, D.C.6
  • 158
    • 33749989605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transporters involved in resistance to antimalarial drugs
    • Valderramos SG, Fidock DA (2006) Transporters involved in resistance to antimalarial drugs. Trends Pharmacol Sci 27:594-601
    • (2006) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.27 , pp. 594-601
    • Valderramos, S.G.1    Fidock, D.A.2
  • 159
    • 0029071447 scopus 로고
    • Stable transfection of malaria parasite blood stages
    • van Dijk MR, Waters AP, Janse CJ (1995) Stable transfection of malaria parasite blood stages. Science 268:1358-1362
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 1358-1362
    • van Dijk, M.R.1    Waters, A.P.2    Janse, C.J.3
  • 161
  • 164
    • 42249084088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • James Watson's genome sequenced at high speed
    • Wadman M (2008) James Watson's genome sequenced at high speed. Nature 452:788
    • (2008) Nature , vol.452 , pp. 788
    • Wadman, M.1
  • 165
    • 0031029877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfadoxine resistance in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is determined by mutations in dihydropteroate synthetase and an additional factor associated with folate utilization
    • Wang P, Read M, Sims PF, Hyde JE (1997) Sulfadoxine resistance in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is determined by mutations in dihydropteroate synthetase and an additional factor associated with folate utilization. Mol Microbiol 23:979-986
    • (1997) Mol Microbiol , vol.23 , pp. 979-986
    • Wang, P.1    Read, M.2    Sims, P.F.3    Hyde, J.E.4
  • 166
    • 13144265739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association studies: Theoretical and practical concerns
    • Wang WY, Barratt BJ, Clayton DG, Todd JA (2005) Genome-wide association studies: Theoretical and practical concerns. Nat Rev Genet 6:109-118
    • (2005) Nat Rev Genet , vol.6 , pp. 109-118
    • Wang, W.Y.1    Barratt, B.J.2    Clayton, D.G.3    Todd, J.A.4
  • 167
    • 55349103841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple displacement amplification for malaria parasite DNA
    • (Epub ahead of print)
    • Wang Y, Nair S, Nosten F, Anderson T (2008) Multiple displacement amplification for malaria parasite DNA. J Parasitol. (Epub ahead of print)
    • (2008) J Parasitol.
    • Wang, Y.1    Nair, S.2    Nosten, F.3    Anderson, T.4
  • 168
    • 9144269914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transporter of a malaria catastrophe
    • Wellems TE (2004) Transporter of a malaria catastrophe. Nat Med 10:1169-1171
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , pp. 1169-1171
    • Wellems, T.E.1
  • 170
    • 0026328231 scopus 로고
    • Genetic mapping of the chloroquine-resistance locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 7
    • Wellems TE, Walker-Jonah A, Panton LJ (1991) Genetic mapping of the chloroquine-resistance locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 7. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:3382-3386
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 3382-3386
    • Wellems, T.E.1    Walker-Jonah, A.2    Panton, L.J.3
  • 171
    • 0031752556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug resistance in malaria
    • White NJ (1998) Drug resistance in malaria. Br Med Bull 54:703-715
    • (1998) Br Med Bull , vol.54 , pp. 703-715
    • White, N.J.1
  • 172
    • 0033614329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimalarial drug resistance and combination chemotherapy
    • White N (1999) Antimalarial drug resistance and combination chemotherapy. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:739-749
    • (1999) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.354 , pp. 739-749
    • White, N.1
  • 173
    • 0041365515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Expert Committee on Malaria
    • WHO
    • WHO (2000) WHO Expert Committee on Malaria. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 892:1-74
    • (2000) World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser , vol.892 , pp. 1-74
  • 174
    • 0024356582 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of a gene related to mammalian mdr genes in drug- resistant Plasmodium falciparum
    • Wilson CM, Serrano AE, Wasley A, Bogenschutz MP, Shankar AH, Wirth DF (1989) Amplification of a gene related to mammalian mdr genes in drug- resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Science 244:1184-1186
    • (1989) Science , vol.244 , pp. 1184-1186
    • Wilson, C.M.1    Serrano, A.E.2    Wasley, A.3    Bogenschutz, M.P.4    Shankar, A.H.5    Wirth, D.F.6
  • 177
    • 45249099771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining artesunate-mefloquine efficacy against falciparum malaria on the Cambodia-Thailand border
    • Wongsrichanalai C, Meshnick SR (2008) Declining artesunate-mefloquine efficacy against falciparum malaria on the Cambodia-Thailand border. Emerg Infect Dis 14:716-719
    • (2008) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.14 , pp. 716-719
    • Wongsrichanalai, C.1    Meshnick, S.R.2
  • 179
    • 0030035041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformation of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites by homologous integration of plasmids that confer resistance to pyrimethamine
    • Wu Y, Wellems TE (1996) Transformation of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites by homologous integration of plasmids that confer resistance to pyrimethamine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:1130-1134
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 1130-1134
    • Wu, Y.1    Wellems, T.E.2
  • 181
    • 0031836529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: Evidence for quinine resistance
    • Zalis MG, Pang L, Silveira MS, Milhous WK, Wirth DF (1998) Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: Evidence for quinine resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58:630-637
    • (1998) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.58 , pp. 630-637
    • Zalis, M.G.1    Pang, L.2    Silveira, M.S.3    Milhous, W.K.4    Wirth, D.F.5
  • 184
    • 0037147244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the antimalarial drug resistance protein pfcrt expressed in yeast
    • Zhang H, Howard EM, Roepe PD (2002) Analysis of the antimalarial drug resistance protein pfcrt expressed in yeast. J Biol Chem 277:49767-49775
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 49767-49775
    • Zhang, H.1    Howard, E.M.2    Roepe, P.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.