Sirtuins: The 'magnificent seven', function, metabolism and longevity

Annals of Medicine

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 335-345

  Dali Youcef, Nassim ^a,c   Lagouge, Marie ^a   Froelich, Sébastien ^a,d   Koehl, Christian ^c   Schoonjans, Kristina ^a   Auwerx, Johan ^a,b,c  

^a INSTITUT DE GÉNÉTIQUE ET DE BIOLOGIE MOLÉCULAIRE ET CELLULAIRE   (France)

^b INSTITUT CLINIQUE DE LA SOURIS   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF STRASBOURG   (France)

^d HÔPITAL DE HAUTEPIERRE   (France)

Author keywords

Calorie restriction; Longevity; Metabolism; SIRT

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; NICOTINAMIDE; NICOTINAMIDE NUCLEOTIDE; NICOTINAMIDE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFE; NICOTINATE MONONUCLEOTIDE ADENYLTRANSFERASE; NICOTINIC ACID; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 2; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 3; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 4; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 5; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 6; SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR PROTEIN 7; SIRTUIN; SOMATOMEDIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXO; TRANSFERASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VISFATIN;

AGING; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; GLUCONEOGENESIS; HUMAN; METABOLIC REGULATION; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; NERVE DEGENERATION; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE;

ANIMALS; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; ENERGY METABOLISM; HISTONE DEACETYLASES; HUMANS; LONGEVITY; MAMMALS; NAD; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; SIRTUINS;

EID: 34547914840     PISSN: 07853890     EISSN: 16512219     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07853890701408194     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Chen H, Lin RJ, Xie W, Wilpitz D, Evans RM. Regulation of hormone-induced histone hyperacetylation and gene activation via acetylation of an acetylase. Cell. 1999;98:675-86.
2. Courey AJ, Jia S. Transcriptional repression: the long and the short of it. Genes Dev. 2001;15:2786-96.
3. Imai S, Johnson FB, Marciniak RA, McVey M, Park PU, Guarente L. Sir2: an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase that connects chromatin silencing, metabolism, and aging. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2000;65:297-302.
4. Imai S, Armstrong CM, Kaeberlein M, Guarente L. Transcriptional silencing and longevity protein Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase. Nature. 2000;403:795-800.
5. Lin SJ, Guarente L. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a metabolic regulator of transcription, longevity and disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2003;15:241-6.
6. Hoppe GJ, Tanny JC, Rudner AD, Gerber SA, Danaie S, Gygi SP, et al. Steps in assembly of silent chromatin in yeast: Sir3-independent binding of a Sir2/Sir4 complex to silencers and role for Sir2-dependent deacetylation. Mol Cell Biol. 2002;22:4167-80.
7. Ivy JM, Klar AJ, Hicks JB. Cloning and characterization of four SIR genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1986;6:688-702.
8. Rine J, Herskowitz I. Four genes responsible for a position effect on expression from HML and HMR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1987;116:9-22.
9. Chen L, Widom J. Mechanism of transcriptional silencing in yeast. Cell. 2005;120:37-48.
10. Braunstein M, Rose AB, Holmes SG, Allis CD, Broach JR. Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation. Genes Dev. 1993;7:592-604.
11. Kaeberlein M, McVey M, Guarente L. The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms. Genes Dev. 1999;13:2570-80.
12. Tissenbaum HA, Guarente L. Increased dosage of a sir-2 gene extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 2001;410:227-30.
13. Rogina B, Helfand SL. Sir2 mediates longevity in the fly through a pathway related to calorie restriction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:15998-6003.
14. Howitz KT, Bitterman KJ, Cohen HY, Lamming DW, Lavu S, Wood JG, et al. Small molecule activators of sirtuins extend Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan. Nature. 2003;425:191-6.
15. Wood JG, Rogina B, Lavu S, Howitz K, Helfand SL, Tatar M, et al. Sirtuin activators mimic caloric restriction and delay ageing in metazoans. Nature. 2004;430:686-9.
16. Baur JA, Pearson KJ, Price NL, Jamieson HA, Lerin C, Kalra A, et al. Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet. Nature. 2006;444:337-42.
17. Bitterman KJ, Anderson RM, Cohen HY, Latorre-Esteves M, Sinclair DA. Inhibition of silencing and accelerated aging by nicotinamide, a putative negative regulator of yeast sir2 and human SIRT1. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:45099-107.
18. Bordone L, Guarente L. Calorie restriction, SIRT1 and metabolism: understanding longevity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2005;6:298-305.
19. Lin SJ, Defossez PA, Guarente L. Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for life-span extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Science. 2000;289:2126-8.
20. Lin SJ, Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, Sturtz LA, Defossez PA, Culotta VC, et al. Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration. Nature. 2002;418:344-8.
21. Bakker BM, Overkamp KM, van Maris AJ, Kotter P, Luttik MA, van Dijken JP, et al. Stoichiometry and compartmentation of NADH metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2001;25:15-37.
22. Tanner KG, Landry J, Sternglanz R, Denu JM. Silent information regulator 2 family of NAD-dependent histone/protein deacetylases generates a unique product, 1-O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:14178-82.
23. Liou GG, Tanny JC, Kruger RG, Walz T, Moazed D. Assembly of the SIR complex and its regulation by O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, a product of NAD-dependent histone deacetylation. Cell. 2005;121:515-27.
24. Anderson RM, Bitterman KJ, Wood JG, Medvedik O, Cohen H, Lin SS, et al. Manipulation of a nuclear NAD+ salvage pathway delays aging without altering steady-state NAD+ levels. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:18881-90.
25. Anderson RM, Bitterman KJ, Wood JG, Medvedik O, Sinclair DA. Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature. 2003;423:181-5.
26. Lin SJ, Ford E, Haigis M, Liszt G, Guarente L. Calorie restriction extends yeast life span by lowering the level of NADH. Genes Dev. 2004;18:12-6.
27. Revollo JR, Grimm AA, Imai S. The NAD biosynthesis pathway mediated by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase regulates Sir2 activity in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:50754-63.
28. Sandmeier JJ, Celic I, Boeke JD, Smith JS. Telomeric and rDNA silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are dependent on a nuclear NAD(+) salvage pathway. Genetics. 2002;160:877-89.
29. Lamming DW, Latorre-Esteves M, Medvedik O, Wong SN, Tsang FA, Wang C, et al. HST2 mediates SIR2-independent life-span extension by calorie restriction. Science. 2005;309:1861-4.
30. Sinclair DA, Guarente L. Extrachromosomal rDNA circles - a cause of aging in yeast. Cell. 1997;91:1033-42.
31. Longo VD. The Ras and Sch9 pathways regulate stress resistance and longevity. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38:807-11.
32. Fabrizio P, Pozza F, Pletcher SD, Gendron CM, Longo VD. Regulation of longevity and stress resistance by Sch9 in yeast. Science. 2001;292:288-90.
33. Fabrizio P, Liou LL, Moy VN, Diaspro A, SelverstoneValentine J, Gralla EB, et al. SOD2 functions downstream of Sch9 to extend longevity in yeast. Genetics. 2003;163:35-46.
34. Kaeberlein M, Andalis AA, Fink GR, Guarente L. High osmolarity extends life span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a mechanism related to calorie restriction. Mol Cell Biol. 2002;22:8056-66.
35. Kimura KD, Tissenbaum HA, Liu Y, Ruvkun G. daf-2, an insulin receptor-like gene that regulates longevity and diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans. Science. 1997;277:942-6.
36. Morris JZ, Tissenbaum HA, Ruvkun G. A phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase family member regulating longevity and diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 1996;382:536-9.
37. Burnell AM, Houthoofd K, O'Hanlon K, Vanfleteren JR. Alternate metabolism during the dauer stage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Exp Gerontol. 2005;40:850-6.
38. Ogg S, Paradis S, Gottlieb S, Patterson GI, Lee L, Tissenbaum HA, et al. The Fork head transcription factor DAF-16 transduces insulin-like metabolic and longevity signals in C. elegans. Nature. 1997;389:994-9.
39. Lin K, Dorman JB, Rodan A, Kenyon C. daf-16: An HNF-3/forkhead family member that can function to double the life-span of Caenorhabditis elegans. Science. 1997;278:1319-22.
40. Berdichevsky A, Viswanathan M, Horvitz HR, Guarente L. C. elegans SIR-2.1 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins to activate DAF-16 and extend life span. Cell. 2006;125:1165-77.
41. Wang Y, Oh SW, Deplancke B, Luo J, Walhout AJ, Tissenbaum HA. C. elegans 14-3-3 proteins regulate life span and interact with SIR-2.1 and DAF-16/FOXO. Mech Ageing Dev. 2006;127:741-7.
42. Rogina B, Helfand SL, Frankel S. Longevity regulation by Drosophila Rpd3 deacetylase and caloric restriction. Science. 2002;298:1745.
43. Clancy DJ, Gems D, Harshman LG, Oldham S, Stocker H, Hafen E, et al. Extension of life-span by loss of CHICO, a Drosophila insulin receptor substrate protein. Science. 2001;292:104-6.
44. Hwangbo DS, Gershman B, Tu MP, Palmer M, Tatar M. Drosophila dFOXO controls lifespan and regulates insulin signalling in brain and fat body. Nature. 2004;429:562-6.
45. Giannakou ME, Goss M, Junger MA, Hafen E, Leevers SJ, Partridge L. Long-lived Drosophila with overexpressed dFOXO in adult fat body. Science. 2004;305:361.
46. Rongvaux A, Shea RJ, Mulks MH, Gigot D, Urbain J, Leo O, et al. Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor, whose expression is up-regulated in activated lymphocytes, is a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, a cytosolic enzyme involved in NAD biosynthesis. Eur J Immunol. 2002;32:3225-34.
47. Samal B, Sun Y, Stearns G, Xie C, Suggs S, McNiece I. Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor. Mol Cell Biol. 1994;14:1431-7.
48. Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, Segawa K, Tanaka M, Kishimoto K, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science. 2005;307:426-30.
49. Holzenberger M, Dupont J, Ducos B, Leneuve P, Geloen A, Even PC, et al. IGF-1 receptor regulates lifespan and resistance to oxidative stress in mice. Nature. 2003;421:182-7.
50. Bluher M, Kahn BB, Kahn CR. Extended longevity in mice lacking the insulin receptor in adipose tissue. Science. 2003;299:572-4.
51. Rodgers JT, Lerin C, Haas W, Gygi SP, Spiegelman BM, Puigserver P. Nutrient control of glucose homeostasis through a complex of PGC-1alpha and SIRT1. Nature. 2005;434:113-8.
52. Lagouge M, Argmann C, Gerhart-Hines Z, Meziane H, Lerin C, Daussin F, et al. Resveratrol improves mitochondrial function and protects against metabolic disease by activating SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha. Cell. 2006;127:1109-22.
53. Picard F, Auwerx J. PPAR(gamma) and glucose homeostasis. Annu Rev Nutr. 2002;22:167-97.
54. Picard F, Kurtev M, Chung N, Topark-Ngarm A, Senawong T, Machado De Oliveira R, et al. Sirt1 promotes fat mobilization in white adipocytes by repressing PPAR-gamma. Nature. 2004;429:771-6.
55. Nisoli E, Tonello C, Cardile A, Cozzi V, Bracale R, Tedesco L, et al. Calorie restriction promotes mitochondrial biogenesis by inducing the expression of eNOS. Science. 2005;310:314-7.
56. Moynihan KA, Grimm AA, Plueger MM, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Ford E, Cras-Meneur C, et al. Increased dosage of mammalian Sir2 in pancreatic beta cells enhances glucos-estimulated insulin secretion in mice. Cell Metab. 2005;2:105-17.
57. Zhang CY, Baffy G, Perret P, Krauss S, Peroni O, Grujic D, et al. Uncoupling protein-2 negatively regulates insulin secretion and is a major link between obesity, beta cell dysfunction, and type 2 diabetes. Cell. 2001;105:745-55.
58. Bordone L, Motta MC, Picard F, Robinson A, Jhala US, Apfeld J, et al. Sirt1 regulates insulin secretion by repressing UCP2 in pancreatic beta cells. PLoS Biol. 2006;4:e31.
59. Kitamura YI, Kitamura T, Kruse JP, Raum JC, Stein R, Gu W, et al. FoxO1 protects against pancreatic beta cell failure through NeuroD and MafA induction. Cell Metab. 2005;2:153-63.
60. Hallows WC, Lee S, Denu JM. Sirtuins deacetylate and activate mammalian acetyl-CoA synthetases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:10230-5.
61. Araki T, Sasaki Y, Milbrandt J. Increased nuclear NAD biosynthesis and SIRT1 activation prevent axonal degeneration. Science. 2004;305:1010-3.
62. Parker JA, Arango M, Abderrahmane S, Lambert E, Tourette C, Catoire H, et al. Resveratrol rescues mutant polyglutamine cytotoxicity in nematode and mammalian neurons. Nat Genet. 2005;37:349-50.
63. Chen J, Zhou Y, Mueller-Steiner S, Chen LF, Kwon H, Yi S, et al. SIRT1 protects against microglia-dependent amyloid-beta toxicity through inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:40364-74.
64. Qin W, Yang T, Ho L, Zhao Z, Wang J, Chen L, et al. Neuronal SIRT1 activation as a novel mechanism underlying the prevention of Alzheimer disease amyloid neuropathology by calorie restriction. J Biol Chem. 2006;281:21745-54.
65. Qin W, Chachich M, Lane M, Roth G, Bryant M, de Cabo R, et al. Calorie restriction attenuates Alzheimer's disease type brain amyloidosis in Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;10:417-22.
66. North BJ, Marshall BL, Borra MT, Denu JM, Verdin E. The human Sir2 ortholog, SIRT2, is an NAD+-dependent tubulin deacetylase. Mol Cell. 2003;11:437-44.
67. Hiratsuka M, Inoue T, Toda T, Kimura N, Shirayoshi Y, Kamitani H, et al. Proteomics-based identification of differentially expressed genes in human gliomas: down-regulation of SIRT2 gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;309:558-66.
68. Dryden SC, Nahhas FA, Nowak JE, Goustin AS, Tainsky MA. Role for human SIRT2 NAD-dependent deacetylase activity in control of mitotic exit in the cell cycle. Mol Cell Biol. 2003;23:3173-85.
69. Inoue T, Hiratsuka M, Osaki M, Yamada H, Kishimoto I, Yamaguchi S, et al. SIRT2, a tubulin deacetylase, acts to block the entry to chromosome condensation in response to mitotic stress. Oncogene. 2007;26:945-57.
70. Li W, Zhang B, Tang J, Cao Q, Wu Y, Wu C, et al. Sirtuin 2, a mammalian homolog of yeast silent information regulator-2 longevity regulator, is an oligodendroglial protein that decelerates cell differentiation through deacetylating alphatubulin. J Neurosci. 2007;27:2606-16.
71. Onyango P, Celic I, McCaffery JM, Boeke JD, Feinberg AP. SIRT3, a human SIR2 homologue, is an NAD-dependent deacetylase localized to mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:13653-8.
72. Schwer B, North BJ, Frye RA, Ott M, Verdin E. The human silent information regulator (Sir)2 homologue hSIRT3 is a mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase. J Cell Biol. 2002;158:647-57.
73. Shi T, Wang F, Stieren E, Tong Q. SIRT3, a mitochondrial sirtuin deacetylase, regulates mitochondrial function and thermogenesis in brown adipocytes. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:13560-7.
74. Rose G, Dato S, Altomare K, Bellizzi D, Garasto S, Greco V, et al. Variability of the SIRT3 gene, human silent information regulator Sir2 homologue, and survivorship in the elderly. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38:1065-70.
75. Bellizzi D, Dato S, Cavalcante P, Covello G, Di Cianni F, Passarino G, et al. Characterization of a bidirectional promoter shared between two human genes related to aging: SIRT3 and PSMD13. Genomics. 2007;89:143-50.
76. Haigis MC, Mostoslavsky R, Haigis KM, Fahie K, Christodoulou DC, Murphy AJ, et al. SIRT4 inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase and opposes the effects of calorie restriction in pancreatic beta cells. Cell. 2006;126:941-54.
77. Mostoslavsky R, Chua KF, Lombard DB, Pang WW, Fischer MR, Gellon L, et al. Genomic instability and aging-like phenotype in the absence of mammalian SIRT6. Cell. 2006;124:315-29.
78. Liszt G, Ford E, Kurtev M, Guarente L. Mouse Sir2 homolog SIRT6 is a nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:21313-20.
79. Grummt I, Pikaard CS. Epigenetic silencing of RNA polymerase I transcription. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2003;4:641-9.
80. Ford E, Voit R, Liszt G, Magin C, Grummt I, Guarente L. Mammalian Sir2 homolog SIRT7 is an activator of RNA polymerase I transcription. Genes Dev. 2006;20:1075-80.
81. Muth V, Nadaud S, Grummt I, Voit R. Acetylation of TAF(I)68, a subunit of TIF-IB/SL1, activates RNA polymerase I transcription. EMBO J. 2001;20:1353-62.