The Role of Nicotine in Schizophrenia

International Review of Neurobiology

Volumn 124, Issue , 2015, Pages 23-78

  Featherstone, Robert E ^a   Siegel, Steven J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

EEG; Event related potential; MMN; Nicotinic receptor genes; Sensory gating; 4 2; 7

Indexed keywords

BUNGAROTOXIN RECEPTOR; E1A ASSOCIATED P300 PROTEIN; NICOTINE; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR ALPHA4; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR ALPHA4BETA2; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR BETA2; PROTEIN P50; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR;

AMPLITUDE MODULATION; ATTENTION DISTURBANCE; BINDING AFFINITY; BINDING SITE; CHRNA2 GENE; CHRNA3 GENE; CHRNA4 GENE; CHRNA5 GENE; CHRNA6 GENE; CHRNA7 GENE; CHRNB2 GENE; CHRNB3 GENE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EVENT RELATED POTENTIAL; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; LONG TERM MEMORY; MEMORY DISORDER; MISMATCH NEGATIVITY; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SENSORY GATING; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; SMOKING; WORKING MEMORY; ANIMAL; COGNITION DISORDERS; DRUG EFFECTS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED RESPONSE; GENETICS; METABOLISM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

ANIMALS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; COGNITION DISORDERS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED POTENTIALS; HUMANS; NICOTINE; RECEPTORS, NICOTINIC; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 84975882724     PISSN: 00747742     EISSN: 21625514     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2015.07.002     Document Type: Chapter

References (374)

1. Adams C.E., Stevens K.E., Kem W.R., Freedman R. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase prevents alpha 7 nicotinic receptor-mediated restoration of inhibitory auditory gating in rat hippocampus. Brain Research 2000, 877:235-244.
2. Adams C.E., Yonchek J.C., Schulz K.M., Graw S.L., Stitzel J., Teschke P.U., et al. Reduced Chrna7 expression in mice is associated with decreases in hippocampal markers of inhibitory function: Implications for neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuroscience 2012, 207:274-282.
3. Adams C.E., Yonchek J.C., Zheng L., Collins A.C., Stevens K.E. Altered hippocampal circuit function in C3H alpha7 null mutant heterozygous mice. Brain Research 2008, 1194:138-145.
4. Adler L.E., Hoffer L.D., Wiser A., Freedman R. Normalization of auditory physiology by cigarette smoking in schizophrenic patients. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1993, 150:1856-1861.
5. Adler L.E., Pachtman E., Franks R.D., Pecevich M., Waldo M.C., Freedman R. Neurophysiological evidence for a defect in neuronal mechanisms involved in sensory gating in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 1982, 17:639-654.
6. Adler L.E., Waldo M.C., Tatcher A., Cawthra E., Baker N., Freedman R. Lack of relationship of auditory gating defects to negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 1990, 3:131-138.
7. Aguilar M.C., Gurpegui M., Diaz F.J., de Leon J. Nicotine dependence and symptoms in schizophrenia: Naturalistic study of complex interactions. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 186:215-221.
8. AhnAllen C.G., Nestor P.G., Shenton M.E., McCarley R.W., Niznikiewicz M.A. Early nicotine withdrawal and transdermal nicotine effects on neurocognitive performance in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2008, 100:261-269.
9. Amann L.C., Phillips J.M., Halene T.B., Siegel S.J. Male and female mice differ for baseline and nicotine-induced event related potentials. Behavioral Neuroscience 2008, 122:982-990.
10. Amos C.I., Gorlov I.P., Dong Q., Wu X., Zhang H., Lu E.Y., et al. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor region on chromosome 15q25 and lung cancer risk among African Americans: A case-control study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2010, 102:1199-1205.
11. Amos C.I., Wu X., Broderick P., Gorlov I.P., Gu J., Eisen T., et al. Genome-wide association scan of tag SNPs identifies a susceptibility locus for lung cancer at 15q25.1. Nature Genetics 2008, 40:616-622.
12. Anokhin A.P., Vedeniapin A.B., Sirevaag E.J., Bauer L.O., O'Connor S.J., Kuperman S., et al. The P300 brain potential is reduced in smokers. Psychopharmacology 2000, 149:409-413.
13. Arnfred S.M., Chen A.C. Exploration of somatosensory P50 gating in schizophrenia spectrum patients: Reduced P50 amplitude correlates to social anhedonia. Psychiatry Research 2004, 125:147-160.
14. Arnfred S.M., Chen A.C., Glenthoj B.Y., Hemmingsen R.P. Normal p50 gating in unmedicated schizophrenia outpatients. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2003, 160:2236-2238.
15. Azzopardi E., Typlt M., Jenkins B., Schmid S. Sensorimotor gating and spatial learning in alpha7-nicotinic receptor knockout mice. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2013, 12:414-423.
16. Bachmann S., Weisbrod M., Rohrig M., Schroder J., Thomas C., Scherg M., et al. MEG does not reveal impaired sensory gating in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2010, 121:131-138.
17. Bak N., Glenthoj B.Y., Rostrup E., Larsson H.B., Oranje B. Source localization of sensory gating: A combined EEG and fMRI study in healthy volunteers. NeuroImage 2011, 54:2711-2718.
18. Bak N., Rostrup E., Larsson H.B., Glenthoj B.Y., Oranje B. Concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography assessment of sensory gating in schizophrenia. Human Brain Mapping 2014, 35:3578-3587.
19. Baldeweg T., Klugman A., Gruzelier J., Hirsch S.R. Mismatch negativity potentials and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2004, 69:203-217.
20. Baldeweg T., Wong D., Stephan K.E. Nicotinic modulation of human auditory sensory memory: Evidence from mismatch negativity potentials. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2006, 59:49-58.
21. Barak S., Arad M., De Levie A., Black M.D., Griebel G., Weiner I. Pro-cognitive and antipsychotic efficacy of the alpha7 nicotinic partial agonist SSR180711 in pharmacological and neurodevelopmental latent inhibition models of schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009, 34:1753-1763.
22. Bar-Haim Y., Marshall P.J., Fox N.A., Schorr E.A., Gordon-Salant S. Mismatch negativity in socially withdrawn children. Biological Psychiatry 2003, 54:17-24.
23. Barnes M., Lawford B.R., Burton S.C., Heslop K.R., Noble E.P., Hausdorf K., et al. Smoking and schizophrenia: Is symptom profile related to smoking and which antipsychotic medication is of benefit in reducing cigarette use?. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 40:575-580.
24. Barr R.S., Culhane M.A., Jubelt L.E., Mufti R.S., Dyer M.A., Weiss A.P., et al. The effects of transdermal nicotine on cognition in nonsmokers with schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric controls. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 33:480-490.
25. Ben-Shachar S., Lanpher B., German J.R., Qasaymeh M., Potocki L., Nagamani S.C., et al. Microdeletion 15q13.3: A locus with incomplete penetrance for autism, mental retardation, and psychiatric disorders. Journal of Medical Genetics 2009, 46:382-388.
26. Berrettini W., Yuan X., Tozzi F., Song K., Francks C., Chilcoat H., et al. Alpha-5/alpha-3 nicotinic receptor subunit alleles increase risk for heavy smoking. Molecular Psychiatry 2008, 13:368-373.
27. Besson M., David V., Suarez S., Cormier A., Cazala P., Changeux J.P., et al. Genetic dissociation of two behaviors associated with nicotine addiction: Beta-2 containing nicotinic receptors are involved in nicotine reinforcement but not in withdrawal syndrome. Psychopharmacology 2006, 187:189-199.
28. Bickford P.C., Wear K.D. Restoration of sensory gating of auditory evoked response by nicotine in fimbria-fornix lesioned rats. Brain Research 1995, 705:235-240.
29. Bierut L.J., Stitzel J.A., Wang J.C., Hinrichs A.L., Grucza R.A., Xuei X., et al. Variants in nicotinic receptors and risk for nicotine dependence. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2008, 165:1163-1171.
30. Blaveri E., Kalsi G., Lawrence J., Quested D., Moorey H., Lamb G., et al. Genetic association studies of schizophrenia using the 8p21-22 genes: Prepronociceptin (PNOC), neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptor alpha polypeptide 2 (CHRNA2) and arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1). European Journal of Human Genetics 2001, 9:469-472.
31. Blondel A., Sanger D.J., Moser P.C. Characterisation of the effects of nicotine in the five-choice serial reaction time task in rats: Antagonist studies. Psychopharmacology 2000, 149:293-305.
32. Bramon E., Rabe-Hesketh S., Sham P., Murray R.M., Frangou S. Meta-analysis of the P300 and P50 waveforms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2004, 70:315-329.
33. Breitling L.P., Dahmen N., Mittelstrass K., Rujescu D., Gallinat J., Fehr C., et al. Association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 4 polymorphisms with nicotine dependence in 5500 Germans. The Pharmacogenomics Journal 2009, 9:219-224.
34. Brooks J.M., Pershing M.L., Thomsen M.S., Mikkelsen J.D., Sarter M., Bruno J.P. Transient inactivation of the neonatal ventral hippocampus impairs attentional set-shifting behavior: Reversal with an alpha7 nicotinic agonist. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 37:2476-2486.
35. Brzustowicz L.M., Hodgkinson K.A., Chow E.W., Honer W.G., Bassett A.S. Location of a major susceptibility locus for familial schizophrenia on chromosome 1q21-q22. Science 2000, 288:678-682.
36. Buccafusco J.J., Terry A.V., Decker M.W., Gopalakrishnan M. Profile of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists ABT-594 and A-582941, with differential subtype selectivity, on delayed matching accuracy by young monkeys. Biochemical Pharmacology 2007, 74:1202-1211.
37. Callahan P.M., Terry A.V., Tehim A. Effects of the nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist GTS-21 on NMDA-glutamatergic receptor related deficits in sensorimotor gating and recognition memory in rats. Psychopharmacology 2014, 231:3695-3706.
38. Castner S.A., Smagin G.N., Piser T.M., Wang Y., Smith J.S., Christian E.P., et al. Immediate and sustained improvements in working memory after selective stimulation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Biological Psychiatry 2011, 69:12-18.
39. Catts S.V., Shelley A.M., Ward P.B., Liebert B., McConaghy N., Andrews S., et al. Brain potential evidence for an auditory sensory memory deficit in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1995, 152:213-219.
40. Cerimele J.M., Durango A. Does varenicline worsen psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder? A review of published studies. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2012, 73:e1039-e1047.
41. Champtiaux N., Gotti C., Cordero-Erausquin M., David D.J., Przybylski C., Lena C., et al. Subunit composition of functional nicotinic receptors in dopaminergic neurons investigated with knock-out mice. The Journal of Neuroscience 2003, 23:7820-7829.
42. Chatterjee S., Steensland P., Simms J.A., Holgate J., Coe J.W., Hurst R.S., et al. Partial agonists of the alpha3beta4* neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor reduce ethanol consumption and seeking in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011, 36:603-615.
43. Cilia J., Cluderay J.E., Robbins M.J., Reavill C., Southam E., Kew J.N., et al. Reversal of isolation-rearing-induced PPI deficits by an alpha7 nicotinic receptor agonist. Psychopharmacology 2005, 182:214-219.
44. Cole R.D., Poole R.L., Guzman D.M., Gould T.J., Parikh V. Contributions of beta2 subunit-containing nAChRs to chronic nicotine-induced alterations in cognitive flexibility in mice. Psychopharmacology 2014, 232(7):1207-1217.
45. Conti D.V., Lee W., Li D., Liu J., Van Den Berg D., Thomas P.D., et al. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2 subunit gene implicated in a systems-based candidate gene study of smoking cessation. Human Molecular Genetics 2008, 17:2834-2848.
46. Cordero-Erausquin M., Marubio L.M., Klink R., Changeux J.P. Nicotinic receptor function: New perspectives from knockout mice. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 2000, 21:211-217.
47. Couturier S., Bertrand D., Matter J.M., Hernandez M.C., Bertrand S., Millar N., et al. A neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (alpha 7) is developmentally regulated and forms a homo-oligomeric channel blocked by alpha-BTX. Neuron 1990, 5:847-856.
48. Crow T.J. Positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms and the role of dopamine. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1980, 137:383-386.
49. Cui C., Booker T.K., Allen R.S., Grady S.R., Whiteaker P., Marks M.J., et al. The beta3 nicotinic receptor subunit: A component of alpha-conotoxin MII-binding nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that modulate dopamine release and related behaviors. The Journal of Neuroscience 2003, 23:11045-11053.
50. Cullum C.M., Harris J.G., Waldo M.C., Smernoff E., Madison A., Nagamoto H.T., et al. Neurophysiological and neuropsychological evidence for attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 1993, 10:131-141.
51. Dalack G.W., Becks L., Hill E., Pomerleau O.F., Meador-Woodruff J.H. Nicotine withdrawal and psychiatric symptoms in cigarette smokers with schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 1999, 21:195-202.
52. Dalack G.W., Meador-Woodruff J.H. Smoking, smoking withdrawal and schizophrenia: Case reports and a review of the literature. Schizophrenia Research 1996, 22:133-141.
53. Dani J.A., Bertrand D. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotinic cholinergic mechanisms of the central nervous system. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2007, 47:699-729.
54. Davis J.A., Gould T.J. beta2 subunit-containing nicotinic receptors mediate the enhancing effect of nicotine on trace cued fear conditioning in C57BL/6 mice. Psychopharmacology 2007, 190:343-352.
55. De Biasi M., Dani J.A. Reward, addiction, withdrawal to nicotine. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2011, 34:105-130.
56. Decker M.W., Brioni J.D., Sullivan J.P., Buckley M.J., Radek R.J., Raszkiewicz J.L., et al. (S)-3-methyl-5-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole (ABT 418): A novel cholinergic ligand with cognition-enhancing and anxiolytic activities: II. In vivo characterization. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1994, 270:319-328.
57. de Leon J. Smoking and vulnerability for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1996, 22:405-409.
58. De Luca V., Voineskos S., Wong G., Kennedy J.L. Genetic interaction between alpha4 and beta2 subunits of high affinity nicotinic receptor: Analysis in schizophrenia. Experimental Brain Research 2006, 174:292-296.
59. De Luca V., Wong A.H., Muller D.J., Wong G.W., Tyndale R.F., Kennedy J.L. Evidence of association between smoking and alpha7 nicotinic receptor subunit gene in schizophrenia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:1522-1526.
60. Depatie L., O'Driscoll G.A., Holahan A.L., Atkinson V., Thavundayil J.X., Kin N.N., et al. Nicotine and behavioral markers of risk for schizophrenia: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2002, 27:1056-1070.
61. de Wilde O.M., Bour L.J., Dingemans P.M., Koelman J.H., Linszen D.H. A meta-analysis of P50 studies in patients with schizophrenia and relatives: Differences in methodology between research groups. Schizophrenia Research 2007, 97:137-151.
62. Dixon L., Medoff D.R., Wohlheiter K., DiClemente C., Goldberg R., Kreyenbuhl J., et al. Correlates of severity of smoking among persons with severe mental illness. The American Journal on Addictions 2007, 16:101-110.
63. Domjan N., Csifcsak G., Drotos G., Janka Z., Szendi I. Different patterns of auditory information processing deficits in chronic schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Schizophrenia Research 2012, 139:253-259.
64. Dulude L., Labelle A., Knott V.J. Acute nicotine alteration of sensory memory impairment in smokers with schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2010, 30:541-548.
65. Dunbar G., Boeijinga P.H., Demazieres A., Cisterni C., Kuchibhatla R., Wesnes K., et al. Effects of TC-1734 (AZD3480), a selective neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist, on cognitive performance and the EEG of young healthy male volunteers. Psychopharmacology 2007, 191:919-929.
66. Dutar P., Bassant M.H., Senut M.C., Lamour Y. The septohippocampal pathway: Structure and function of a central cholinergic system. Physiological Reviews 1995, 75:393-427.
67. Duvoisin R.M., Deneris E.S., Patrick J., Heinemann S. The functional diversity of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is increased by a novel subunit: Beta 4. Neuron 1989, 3:487-496.
68. Ehrlichman R.S., Maxwell C.R., Majumdar S., Siegel S.J. Deviance-elicited changes in event-related potentials are attenuated by ketamine in mice. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2008, 20:1403-1414.
69. Engeland C., Mahoney C., Mohr E., Ilivitsky V., Knott V. Nicotine and sensory memory in Alzheimer's disease: An event-related potential study. Brain and Cognition 2002, 49:232-234.
70. Engeland C., Mahoney C., Mohr E., Ilivitsky V., Knott V.J. Acute nicotine effects on auditory sensory memory in tacrine-treated and nontreated patients with Alzheimer's disease: An event-related potential study. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2002, 72:457-464.
71. Epping-Jordan M.P., Picciotto M.R., Changeux J.P., Pich E.M. Assessment of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit contributions to nicotine self-administration in mutant mice. Psychopharmacology 1999, 147:25-26.
72. Erwin R.J., Turetsky B.I., Moberg P., Gur R.C., Gur R.E. P50 abnormalities in schizophrenia: Relationship to clinical and neuropsychological indices of attention. Schizophrenia Research 1998, 33:157-167.
73. Espeseth T., Endestad T., Rootwelt H., Reinvang I. Nicotine receptor gene CHRNA4 modulates early event-related potentials in auditory and visual oddball target detection tasks. Neuroscience 2007, 147:974-985.
74. Etter J.F., Hoda J.C., Perroud N., Munafo M., Buresi C., Duret C., et al. Association of genes coding for the alpha-4, alpha-5, beta-2 and beta-3 subunits of nicotinic receptors with cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence. Addictive Behaviors 2009, 34:772-775.
75. Euser A.S., Arends L.R., Evans B.E., Greaves-Lord K., Huizink A.C., Franken I.H. The P300 event-related brain potential as a neurobiological endophenotype for substance use disorders: A meta-analytic investigation. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2012, 36:572-603.
76. Evans D.E., Jentink K.G., Sutton S.K., Van Rensburg K.J., Drobes D.J. 7mg nicotine patch fails to enhance P300 neural indices of cognitive control among nonsmokers. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2014, 126C:77-82.
77. Evans D.E., MacQueen D.A., Jentink K.G., Park J.Y., Lin H.Y., Drobes D.J. CHRNA5 variants moderate the effect of nicotine deprivation on a neural index of cognitive control. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2014, 13:626-632.
78. Evans D.E., Maxfield N.D., Van Rensburg K.J., Oliver J.A., Jentink K.G., Drobes D.J. Nicotine deprivation influences P300 markers of cognitive control. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013, 38:2525-2531.
79. Exley R., Maubourguet N., David V., Eddine R., Evrard A., Pons S., et al. Distinct contributions of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha4 and subunit alpha6 to the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011, 108:7577-7582.
80. Fabiani M., Karis D., Donchin E. P300 and recall in an incidental memory paradigm. Psychophysiology 1986, 23:298-308.
81. Faraone S.V., Su J., Taylor L., Wilcox M., Van Eerdewegh P., Tsuang M.T. A novel permutation testing method implicates sixteen nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes as risk factors for smoking in schizophrenia families. Human Heredity 2004, 57:59-68.
82. Featherstone R.E., Phillips J.M., Thieu T., Ehrlichman R.S., Halene T.B., Leiser S.C., et al. Nicotine receptor subtype-specific effects on auditory evoked oscillations and potentials. PLoS One 2012, 7:e39775.
83. Fejgin K., Nielsen J., Birknow M.R., Bastlund J.F., Nielsen V., Lauridsen J.B., et al. A mouse model that recapitulates cardinal features of the 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome including schizophrenia- and epilepsy-related alterations. Biological Psychiatry 2014, 76:128-137.
84. Feng Y., Niu T., Xing H., Xu X., Chen C., Peng S., et al. A common haplotype of the nicotine acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 subunit gene is associated with vulnerability to nicotine addiction in men. American Journal of Human Genetics 2004, 75:112-121.
85. Fernandes C., Hoyle E., Dempster E., Schalkwyk L.C., Collier D.A. Performance deficit of alpha7 nicotinic receptor knockout mice in a delayed matching-to-place task suggests a mild impairment of working/episodic-like memory. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2006, 5:433-440.
86. Feuerbach D., Lingenhoehl K., Olpe H.R., Vassout A., Gentsch C., Chaperon F., et al. The selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 agonist JN403 is active in animal models of cognition, sensory gating, epilepsy and pain. Neuropharmacology 2009, 56:254-263.
87. Fisher D.J., Grant B., Smith D.M., Borracci G., Labelle A., Knott V.J. Nicotine and the hallucinating brain: Effects on mismatch negativity (MMN) in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 2012, 196:181-187.
88. Fisher D.J., Scott T.L., Shah D.K., Prise S., Thompson M., Knott V.J. Light up and see: Enhancement of the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) by nicotine. Brain Research 2010, 1313:162-171.
89. Flores C.M., Davila-Garcia M.I., Ulrich Y.M., Kellar K.J. Differential regulation of neuronal nicotinic receptor binding sites following chronic nicotine administration. Journal of Neurochemistry 1997, 69:2216-2219.
90. Flores C.M., Rogers S.W., Pabreza L.A., Wolfe B.B., Kellar K.J. A subtype of nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is composed of alpha 4 and beta 2 subunits and is up-regulated by chronic nicotine treatment. Molecular Pharmacology 1992, 41:31-37.
91. Ford J.M. Schizophrenia: The broken P300 and beyond. Psychophysiology 1999, 36:667-682.
92. Freedman R. Exacerbation of schizophrenia by varenicline. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2007, 164:1269.
93. Freedman R., Adler L.E., Waldo M.C., Pachtman E., Franks R.D. Neurophysiological evidence for a defect in inhibitory pathways in schizophrenia: Comparison of medicated and drug-free patients. Biological Psychiatry 1983, 18:537-551.
94. Freedman R., Coon H., Myles-Worsley M., Orr-Urtreger A., Olincy A., Davis A., et al. Linkage of a neurophysiological deficit in schizophrenia to a chromosome 15 locus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997, 94:587-592.
95. Freedman R., Leonard S., Gault J.M., Hopkins J., Cloninger C.R., Kaufmann C.A., et al. Linkage disequilibrium for schizophrenia at the chromosome 15q13-14 locus of the alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene (CHRNA7). American Journal of Medical Genetics 2001, 105:20-22.
96. Freedman R., Olincy A., Buchanan R.W., Harris J.G., Gold J.M., Johnson L., et al. Initial phase 2 trial of a nicotinic agonist in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2008, 165:1040-1047.
97. Gangitano D., Salas R., Teng Y., Perez E., De Biasi M. Progesterone modulation of alpha5 nAChR subunits influences anxiety-related behavior during estrus cycle. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2009, 8:398-406.
98. Gatto G.J., Bohme G.A., Caldwell W.S., Letchworth S.R., Traina V.M., Obinu M.C., et al. TC-1734: An orally active neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulator with antidepressant, neuroprotective and long-lasting cognitive effects. CNS Drug Reviews 2004, 10:147-166.
99. George T.P., Vessicchio J.C., Termine A., Sahady D.M., Head C.A., Pepper W.T., et al. Effects of smoking abstinence on visuospatial working memory function in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2002, 26:75-85.
100. Gerzanich V., Wang F., Kuryatov A., Lindstrom J. Alpha 5 subunit alters desensitization, pharmacology, Ca++ permeability and Ca++ modulation of human neuronal alpha 3 nicotinic receptors. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1998, 286:311-320.
101. Glynn S.M., Sussman S. Why patients smoke. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 1990, 41:1027-1028.
102. Goff D.C., Coyle J.T. The emerging role of glutamate in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2001, 158:1367-1377.
103. Goff D.C., Henderson D.C., Amico E. Cigarette smoking in schizophrenia: Relationship to psychopathology and medication side effects. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1992, 149:1189-1194.
104. Gotti C., Clementi F. Neuronal nicotinic receptors: From structure to pathology. Progress in Neurobiology 2004, 74:363-396.
105. Gotti C., Clementi F., Fornari A., Gaimarri A., Guiducci S., Manfredi I., et al. Structural and functional diversity of native brain neuronal nicotinic receptors. Biochemical Pharmacology 2009, 78:703-711.
106. Gotti C., Zoli M., Clementi F. Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: Native subtypes and their relevance. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 2006, 27:482-491.
107. Grabus S.D., Martin B.R., Imad Damaj M. Nicotine physical dependence in the mouse: Involvement of the alpha7 nicotinic receptor subtype. European Journal of Pharmacology 2005, 515:90-93.
108. Granon S., Faure P., Changeux J.P. Executive and social behaviors under nicotinic receptor regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003, 100:9596-9601.
109. Green M.F. What are the functional consequences of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia?. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1996, 153:321-330.
110. Greenwood P.M., Sundararajan R., Lin M.K., Kumar R., Fryxell K.J., Parasuraman R. Both a nicotinic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and a noradrenergic SNP modulate working memory performance when attention is manipulated. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2009, 21:2139-2153.
111. Griffith J.M., O'Neill J.E., Petty F., Garver D., Young D., Freedman R. Nicotinic receptor desensitization and sensory gating deficits in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 1998, 44:98-106.
112. Grottick A.J., Haman M., Wyler R., Higgins G.A. Reversal of a vigilance decrement in the aged rat by subtype-selective nicotinic ligands. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003, 28:880-887.
113. Grottick A.J., Higgins G.A. Effect of subtype selective nicotinic compounds on attention as assessed by the five-choice serial reaction time task. Behavioural Brain Research 2000, 117:197-208.
114. Grupe M., Grunnet M., Laursen B., Bastlund J.F. Neuropharmacological modulation of the P3-like event-related potential in a rat two-tone auditory discrimination task with modafinil and NS9283, a positive allosteric modulator of alpha4beta2 nAChRs. Neuropharmacology 2014, 79:444-455.
115. Grzella I., Muller B.W., Oades R.D., Bender S., Schall U., Zerbin D., et al. Novelty-elicited mismatch negativity in patients with schizophrenia on admission and discharge. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience 2001, 26:235-246.
116. Gunduz-Bruce H., Reinhart R.M., Roach B.J., Gueorguieva R., Oliver S., D'Souza D.C., et al. Glutamatergic modulation of auditory information processing in the human brain. Biological Psychiatry 2012, 71:969-977.
117. Guney F., Genc B.O., Kutlu R., Ilhan B.C. Auditory P300 event-related potential in tobacco smokers. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2009, 16:1311-1315.
118. Guterman Y., Josiassen R.C. Sensory gating deviance in schizophrenia in the context of task related effects. International Journal of Psychophysiology 1994, 18:1-12.
119. Hahn B., Sharples C.G., Wonnacott S., Shoaib M., Stolerman I.P. Attentional effects of nicotinic agonists in rats. Neuropharmacology 2003, 44:1054-1067.
120. Hajos M., Hurst R.S., Hoffmann W.E., Krause M., Wall T.M., Higdon N.R., et al. The selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 [N-[(3R)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride] enhances GABAergic synaptic activity in brain slices and restores auditory gating deficits in anesthetized rats. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2005, 312:1213-1222.
121. Hamera E., Schneider J.K., Deviney S. Alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, and caffeine use and symptom distress in schizophrenia. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1995, 183:559-565.
122. Han Z.Y., Le Novere N., Zoli M., Hill J.A., Champtiaux N., Changeux J.P. Localization of nAChR subunit mRNAs in the brain of Macaca mulatta. The European Journal of Neuroscience 2000, 12:3664-3674.
123. Harenza J.L., Muldoon P.P., De Biasi M., Damaj M.I., Miles M.F. Genetic variation within the Chrna7 gene modulates nicotine reward-like phenotypes in mice. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2014, 13:213-225.
124. Harkrider A.W., Hedrick M.S. Acute effect of nicotine on auditory gating in smokers and non-smokers. Hearing Research 2005, 202:114-128.
125. Harris J.G., Kongs S., Allensworth D., Martin L., Tregellas J., Sullivan B., et al. Effects of nicotine on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:1378-1385.
126. Hauser T.A., Kucinski A., Jordan K.G., Gatto G.J., Wersinger S.R., Hesse R.A., et al. TC-5619: An alpha7 neuronal nicotinic receptor-selective agonist that demonstrates efficacy in animal models of the positive and negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction of schizophrenia. Biochemical Pharmacology 2009, 78:803-812.
127. Heitjan D.F., Guo M., Ray R., Wileyto E.P., Epstein L.H., Lerman C. Identification of pharmacogenetic markers in smoking cessation therapy. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2008, 147B:712-719.
128. Herran A., de Santiago A., Sandoya M., Fernandez M.J., Diez-Manrique J.F., Vazquez-Barquero J.L. Determinants of smoking behaviour in outpatients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2000, 41:373-381.
129. Hong L.E., Thaker G.K., McMahon R.P., Summerfelt A., Rachbeisel J., Fuller R.L., et al. Effects of moderate-dose treatment with varenicline on neurobiological and cognitive biomarkers in smokers and nonsmokers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 2011, 68:1195-1206.
130. Hong L.E., Yang X., Wonodi I., Hodgkinson C.A., Goldman D., Stine O.C., et al. A CHRNA5 allele related to nicotine addiction and schizophrenia. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2011, 10:530-535.
131. Hoppman-Chaney N., Wain K., Seger P.R., Superneau D.W., Hodge J.C. Identification of single gene deletions at 15q13.3: Further evidence that CHRNA7 causes the 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome phenotype. Clinical Genetics 2013, 83:345-351.
132. Horst N.K., Heath C.J., Neugebauer N.M., Kimchi E.Y., Laubach M., Picciotto M.R. Impaired auditory discrimination learning following perinatal nicotine exposure or beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit deletion. Behavioural Brain Research 2012, 231:170-180.
133. Horton J., Millar A., Labelle A., Knott V.J. MMN responsivity to manipulations of frequency and duration deviants in chronic, clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Schizophrenia Research 2011, 126:202-211.
134. Houlihan M.E., Pritchard W.S., Robinson J.H. Faster P300 latency after smoking in visual but not auditory oddball tasks. Psychopharmacology 1996, 123:231-238.
135. Houlihan M.E., Pritchard W.S., Robinson J.H. Effects of smoking/nicotine on performance and event-related potentials during a short-term memory scanning task. Psychopharmacology 2001, 156:388-396.
136. Howe W.M., Ji J., Parikh V., Williams S., Mocaer E., Trocme-Thibierge C., et al. Enhancement of attentional performance by selective stimulation of alpha4beta2(*) nAChRs: Underlying cholinergic mechanisms. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010, 35:1391-1401.
137. Hoyle E., Genn R.F., Fernandes C., Stolerman I.P. Impaired performance of alpha7 nicotinic receptor knockout mice in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Psychopharmacology 2006, 189:211-223.
138. Hsieh M.H., Liu K., Liu S.K., Chiu M.J., Hwu H.G., Chen A.C. Memory impairment and auditory evoked potential gating deficit in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 2004, 130:161-169.
139. Hughes J.R., Hatsukami D.K., Mitchell J.E., Dahlgren L.A. Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1986, 143:993-997.
140. Hutchison K.E., Allen D.L., Filbey F.M., Jepson C., Lerman C., Benowitz N.L., et al. CHRNA4 and tobacco dependence: From gene regulation to treatment outcome. Archives of General Psychiatry 2007, 64:1078-1086.
141. Ilan A.B., Polich J. Tobacco smoking and memory scanning: Behavioral and event-related potential effects. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 1999, 1:233-240.
142. Inami R., Kirino E., Inoue R., Arai H. Transdermal nicotine administration enhances automatic auditory processing reflected by mismatch negativity. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2005, 80:453-461.
143. Inami R., Kirino E., Inoue R., Suzuki T., Arai H. Nicotine effects on mismatch negativity in nonsmoking schizophrenic patients. Neuropsychobiology 2007, 56:64-72.
144. Jackson K.J., Fanous A.H., Chen J., Kendler K.S., Chen X. Variants in the 15q25 gene cluster are associated with risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatric Genetics 2013, 23:20-28.
145. Jackson K.J., Marks M.J., Vann R.E., Chen X., Gamage T.F., Warner J.A., et al. Role of alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in pharmacological and behavioral effects of nicotine in mice. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2010, 334:137-146.
146. Jackson K.J., Martin B.R., Changeux J.P., Damaj M.I. Differential role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in physical and affective nicotine withdrawal signs. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2008, 325:302-312.
147. Jacobsen L.K., D'Souza D.C., Mencl W.E., Pugh K.R., Skudlarski P., Krystal J.H. Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 55:850-858.
148. Jahshan C., Cadenhead K.S., Rissling A.J., Kirihara K., Braff D.L., Light G.A. Automatic sensory information processing abnormalities across the illness course of schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine 2012, 42:85-97.
149. Javitt D.C., Doneshka P., Zylberman I., Ritter W., Vaughan H.G. Impairment of early cortical processing in schizophrenia: An event-related potential confirmation study. Biological Psychiatry 1993, 33:513-519.
150. Javitt D.C., Shelley A., Ritter W. Associated deficits in mismatch negativity generation and tone matching in schizophrenia. Clinical Neurophysiology 2000, 111:1733-1737.
151. Javitt D.C., Steinschneider M., Schroeder C.E., Arezzo J.C. Role of cortical N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in auditory sensory memory and mismatch negativity generation: Implications for schizophrenia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996, 93:11962-11967.
152. Jentsch J.D., Roth R.H. The neuropsychopharmacology of phencyclidine: From NMDA receptor hypofunction to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 1999, 20:201-225.
153. Jeon Y.W., Polich J. Meta-analysis of P300 and schizophrenia: Patients, paradigms, and practical implications. Psychophysiology 2003, 40:684-701.
154. Judd L.L., McAdams L., Budnick B., Braff D.L. Sensory gating deficits in schizophrenia: New results. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1992, 149:488-493.
155. Kapur S., Remington G. Dopamine D(2) receptors and their role in atypical antipsychotic action: Still necessary and may even be sufficient. Biological Psychiatry 2001, 50:873-883.
156. Kathmann N., Wagner M., Rendtorff N., Engel R.R. Delayed peak latency of the mismatch negativity in schizophrenics and alcoholics. Biological Psychiatry 1995, 37:754-757.
157. Kawakubo Y., Kasai K. Support for an association between mismatch negativity and social functioning in schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 2006, 30:1367-1368.
158. Kedmi M., Beaudet A.L., Orr-Urtreger A. Mice lacking neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta4-subunit and mice lacking both alpha5- and beta4-subunits are highly resistant to nicotine-induced seizures. Physiological Genomics 2004, 17:221-229.
159. Keller J.J., Keller A.B., Bowers B.J., Wehner J.M. Performance of alpha7 nicotinic receptor null mutants is impaired in appetitive learning measured in a signaled nose poke task. Behavioural Brain Research 2005, 162:143-152.
160. Kelly C., McCreadie R.G. Smoking habits, current symptoms, and premorbid characteristics of schizophrenic patients in Nithsdale, Scotland. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1999, 156:1751-1757.
161. Kim M.S., Kang S.S., Youn T., Kang D.H., Kim J.J., Kwon J.S. Neuropsychological correlates of P300 abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research 2003, 123:109-123.
162. Kim D.W., Shim M., Kim J.I., Im C.H., Lee S.H. Source activation of P300 correlates with negative symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia. Brain Topography 2014, 27:307-317.
163. Kishi T., Fukuo Y., Okochi T., Kawashima K., Moriwaki M., Furukawa O., et al. Relationship between nicotine dependence and the endophenotype-related trait of cognitive function but not acoustic startle reponses in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. Human Psychopharmacology 2013, 28:220-229.
164. Kishi T., Ikeda M., Kitajima T., Yamanouchi Y., Kinoshita Y., Kawashima K., et al. Genetic association analysis of tagging SNPs in alpha4 and beta2 subunits of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (CHRNA4 and CHRNB2) with schizophrenia in the Japanese population. Journal of Neural Transmission 2008, 115:1457-1461.
165. Knott V., Blais C., Scherling C., Camarda J., Millar A., Fisher D., et al. Neural effects of nicotine during auditory selective attention in smokers: An event-related potential study. Neuropsychobiology 2006, 53:115-126.
166. Knott V.J., Bolton K., Heenan A., Shah D., Fisher D.J., Villeneuve C. Effects of acute nicotine on event-related potential and performance indices of auditory distraction in nonsmokers. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009, 11:519-530.
167. Knott V., Bosman M., Mahoney C., Ilivitsky V., Quirt K. Transdermal nicotine: Single dose effects on mood, EEG, performance, and event-related potentials. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1999, 63:253-261.
168. Knott V., Choueiry J., Dort H., Smith D., Impey D., de la Salle S., et al. Baseline-dependent modulating effects of nicotine on voluntary and involuntary attention measured with brain event-related P3 potentials. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2014, 122:107-117.
169. Knott V., Heenan A., Shah D., Bolton K., Fisher D., Villeneuve C. Electrophysiological evidence of nicotine's distracter-filtering properties in non-smokers. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2011, 25:239-248.
170. Knott V., Impey D., Philippe T., Smith D., Choueiry J., de la Salle S., et al. Modulation of auditory deviance detection by acute nicotine is baseline and deviant dependent in healthy nonsmokers: A mismatch negativity study. Human Psychopharmacology 2014, 29:446-458.
171. Knott V.J., Millar A.M., McIntosh J.F., Shah D.K., Fisher D.J., Blais C.M., et al. Separate and combined effects of low dose ketamine and nicotine on behavioural and neural correlates of sustained attention. Biological Psychology 2011, 88:83-93.
172. Knott V.J., Scherling C.S., Blais C.M., Camarda J., Fisher D.J., Millar A., et al. Acute nicotine fails to alter event-related potential or behavioral performance indices of auditory distraction in cigarette smokers. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2006, 8:263-273.
173. Knott V., Shah D., Millar A., McIntosh J., Fisher D., Blais C., et al. Nicotine, auditory sensory memory, and sustained attention in a human ketamine model of schizophrenia: Moderating influence of a hallucinatory trait. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2012, 3:172.
174. Kohlhaas K.L., Bitner R.S., Gopalakrishnan M., Rueter L.E. Effects of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists on antipsychotic efficacy in a preclinical mouse model of psychosis. Psychopharmacology 2012, 220:823-833.
175. Koike K., Hashimoto K., Takai N., Shimizu E., Komatsu N., Watanabe H., et al. Tropisetron improves deficits in auditory P50 suppression in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 76:67-72.
176. Korzyukov O., Pflieger M.E., Wagner M., Bowyer S.M., Rosburg T., Sundaresan K., et al. Generators of the intracranial P50 response in auditory sensory gating. NeuroImage 2007, 35:814-826.
177. Kotov R., Guey L.T., Bromet E.J., Schwartz J.E. Smoking in schizophrenia: Diagnostic specificity, symptom correlates, and illness severity. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2010, 36:173-181.
178. Kreitschmann-Andermahr I., Rosburg T., Demme U., Gaser E., Nowak H., Sauer H. Effect of ketamine on the neuromagnetic mismatch field in healthy humans. Brain Research. Cognitive Brain Research 2001, 12:109-116.
179. Krishnadas R., Jauhar S., Telfer S., Shivashankar S., McCreadie R.G. Nicotine dependence and illness severity in schizophrenia. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2012, 201:306-312.
180. Labarca C., Schwarz J., Deshpande P., Schwarz S., Nowak M.W., Fonck C., et al. Point mutant mice with hypersensitive alpha 4 nicotinic receptors show dopaminergic deficits and increased anxiety. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2001, 98:2786-2791.
181. Lamberti J.S., Schwarzkopf S.B., Boutros N., Crilly J.F., Martin R. Within-session changes in sensory gating assessed by P50 evoked potentials in normal subjects. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 1993, 17:781-791.
182. Le Novere N., Zoli M., Changeux J.P. Neuronal nicotinic receptor alpha 6 subunit mRNA is selectively concentrated in catecholaminergic nuclei of the rat brain. The European Journal of Neuroscience 1996, 8:2428-2439.
183. Leonard S., Gault J., Moore T., Hopkins J., Robinson M., Olincy A., et al. Further investigation of a chromosome 15 locus in schizophrenia: Analysis of affected sibpairs from the NIMH genetics initiative. American Journal of Medical Genetics 1998, 81:308-312.
184. Li M.D., Beuten J., Ma J.Z., Payne T.J., Lou X.Y., Garcia V., et al. Ethnic- and gender-specific association of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit gene (CHRNA4) with nicotine dependence. Human Molecular Genetics 2005, 14:1211-1219.
185. Liao D.L., Yang J.Y., Lee S.M., Chen H., Tsai S.J. Smoking in chronic schizophrenic inpatients in taiwan. Neuropsychobiology 2002, 45:172-175.
186. Lieberman J.A., Dunbar G., Segreti A.C., Girgis R.R., Seoane F., Beaver J.S., et al. A randomized exploratory trial of an alpha-7 nicotinic receptor agonist (TC-5619) for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013, 38:968-975.
187. Light G.A., Braff D.L. Mismatch negativity deficits are associated with poor functioning in schizophrenia patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005, 62:127-136.
188. Light G.A., Braff D.L. Stability of mismatch negativity deficits and their relationship to functional impairments in chronic schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2005, 162:1741-1743.
189. Light G.A., Geyer M.A., Clementz B.A., Cadenhead K.S., Braff D.L. Normal P50 suppression in schizophrenia patients treated with atypical antipsychotic medications. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2000, 157:767-771.
190. Lin H., Hsu F.C., Baumann B.H., Coulter D.A., Anderson S.A., Lynch D.R. Cortical parvalbumin GABAergic deficits with alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor deletion: Implications for schizophrenia. Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 2014, 61:163-175.
191. Lin H., Hsu F.C., Baumann B.H., Coulter D.A., Lynch D.R. Cortical synaptic NMDA receptor deficits in alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene deletion models: Implications for neuropsychiatric diseases. Neurobiology of Disease 2014, 63:129-140.
192. Lindgren M., Molander L., Verbaan C., Lunell E., Rosen I. Electroencephalographic effects of intravenous nicotine-A dose-response study. Psychopharmacology 1999, 145:342-350.
193. Lindstrom J. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in health and disease. Molecular Neurobiology 1997, 15:193-222.
194. Lips E.H., Gaborieau V., McKay J.D., Chabrier A., Hung R.J., Boffetta P., et al. Association between a 15q25 gene variant, smoking quantity and tobacco-related cancers among 17 000 individuals. International Journal of Epidemiology 2010, 39:563-577.
195. Liu Z., Tam W.C., Xue Z., Yao S., Wu D. Positive and negative symptom profile schizophrenia and abnormalities in the P300 component of the event-related potential: A longitudinal controlled study. Psychiatry Research 2004, 132:131-139.
196. Lotfipour S., Byun J.S., Leach P., Fowler C.D., Murphy N.P., Kenny P.J., et al. Targeted deletion of the mouse alpha2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene (Chrna2) potentiates nicotine-modulated behaviors. The Journal of Neuroscience 2013, 33:7728-7741.
197. Louchart-de la Chapelle S., Levillain D., Menard J.F., Van der Elst A., Allio G., Haouzir S., et al. P50 inhibitory gating deficit is correlated with the negative symptomatology of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 2005, 136:27-34.
198. Lueders K.K., Hu S., McHugh L., Myakishev M.V., Sirota L.A., Hamer D.H. Genetic and functional analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the beta2-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNB2). Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2002, 4:115-125.
199. Luntz-Leybman V., Bickford P.C., Freedman R. Cholinergic gating of response to auditory stimuli in rat hippocampus. Brain Research 1992, 587:130-136.
200. Lyons M.J., Bar J.L., Kremen W.S., Toomey R., Eisen S.A., Goldberg J., et al. Nicotine and familial vulnerability to schizophrenia: A discordant twin study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2002, 111:687-693.
201. Mao D., Perry D.C., Yasuda R.P., Wolfe B.B., Kellar K.J. The alpha4beta2alpha5 nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is resistant to up-regulation by nicotine in vivo. Journal of Neurochemistry 2008, 104:446-456.
202. Marquis K.L., Comery T.A., Jow F., Navarra R.L., Grauer S.M., Pulicicchio C., et al. Preclinical assessment of an adjunctive treatment approach for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia using the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist WYE-103914/SEN34625. Psychopharmacology 2011, 218:635-647.
203. Martin L.F., Davalos D.B., Kisley M.A. Nicotine enhances automatic temporal processing as measured by the mismatch negativity waveform. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009, 11:698-706.
204. Marubio L.M., del Mar Arroyo-Jimenez M., Cordero-Erausquin M., Lena C., Le Novere N., de Kerchove d'Exaerde A., et al. Reduced antinociception in mice lacking neuronal nicotinic receptor subunits. Nature 1999, 398:805-810.
205. Marubio L.M., Gardier A.M., Durier S., David D., Klink R., Arroyo-Jimenez M.M., et al. Effects of nicotine in the dopaminergic system of mice lacking the alpha4 subunit of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The European Journal of Neuroscience 2003, 17:1329-1337.
206. Maskos U., Molles B.E., Pons S., Besson M., Guiard B.P., Guilloux J.P., et al. Nicotine reinforcement and cognition restored by targeted expression of nicotinic receptors. Nature 2005, 436:103-107.
207. Mathalon D.H., Ahn K.H., Perry E.B., Cho H.S., Roach B.J., Blais R.K., et al. Effects of nicotine on the neurophysiological and behavioral effects of ketamine in humans. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2014, 5:3.
208. McLean S.L., Grayson B., Idris N.F., Lesage A.S., Pemberton D.J., Mackie C., et al. Activation of alpha7 nicotinic receptors improves phencyclidine-induced deficits in cognitive tasks in rats: Implications for therapy of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2011, 21:333-343.
209. McLean S.L., Idris N.F., Grayson B., Gendle D.F., Mackie C., Lesage A.S., et al. PNU-120596, a positive allosteric modulator of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, reverses a sub-chronic phencyclidine-induced cognitive deficit in the attentional set-shifting task in female rats. Journal of Psychopharmacology 2012, 26:1265-1270.
210. Meszaros Z.S., Dimmock J.A., Ploutz-Snyder R.J., Abdul-Malak Y., Leontieva L., Canfield K., et al. Predictors of smoking severity in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol use disorders. The American Journal on Addictions 2011, 20:462-467.
211. Metzger K.L., Maxwell C.R., Liang Y., Siegel S.J. Effects of nicotine vary across two auditory evoked potentials in the mouse. Biological Psychiatry 2007, 61:23-30.
212. Meyer E.M., Tay E.T., Papke R.L., Meyers C., Huang G.L., de Fiebre C.M. 3-[2,4-Dimethoxybenzylidene]anabaseine (DMXB) selectively activates rat alpha7 receptors and improves memory-related behaviors in a mecamylamine-sensitive manner. Brain Research 1997, 768:49-56.
213. Micoulaud-Franchi J.A., Hetrick W.P., Aramaki M., Bolbecker A., Boyer L., Ystad S., et al. Do schizophrenia patients with low P50-suppression report more perceptual anomalies with the sensory gating inventory?. Schizophrenia Research 2014, 157:157-162.
214. Mobascher A., Brinkmeyer J., Warbrick T., Wels C., Wagner M., Grunder G., et al. The P300 event-related potential and smoking-A population-based case-control study. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2010, 77:166-175.
215. Mobascher A., Warbrick T., Brinkmeyer J., Musso F., Stoecker T., Jon Shah N., et al. Nicotine effects on anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia and healthy smokers as revealed by EEG-informed fMRI. Psychiatry Research 2012, 204:168-177.
216. Mocking R.J., Patrick Pflanz C., Pringle A., Parsons E., McTavish S.F., Cowen P.J., et al. Effects of short-term varenicline administration on emotional and cognitive processing in healthy, non-smoking adults: A randomized, double-blind, study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013, 38:476-484.
217. Mohler E.G., Franklin S.R., Rueter L.E., Fox G.B., Decker M.W., Browman K.E. ABT-594 improves performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task under conditions of increased difficulty, sub-chronic dosing, and in poorly-performing subjects. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2010, 95:146-157.
218. Muhle H., Steinich I., von Spiczak S., Franke A., Weber Y., Lerche H., et al. A duplication in 1q21.3 in a family with early onset and childhood absence epilepsy. Epilepsia 2010, 51:2453-2456.
219. Murphy J.R., Rawdon C., Kelleher I., Twomey D., Markey P.S., Cannon M., et al. Reduced duration mismatch negativity in adolescents with psychotic symptoms: Further evidence for mismatch negativity as a possible biomarker for vulnerability to psychosis. BMC Psychiatry 2013, 13:45.
220. Myers C.S., Robles O., Kakoyannis A.N., Sherr J.D., Avila M.T., Blaxton T.A., et al. Nicotine improves delayed recognition in schizophrenic patients. Psychopharmacology 2004, 174:334-340.
221. Naatanen R., Gaillard A.W., Mantysalo S. Early selective-attention effect on evoked potential reinterpreted. Acta Psychologica 1978, 42:313-329.
222. Naatanen R., Jacobsen T., Winkler I. Memory-based or afferent processes in mismatch negativity (MMN): A review of the evidence. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:25-32.
223. Nakauchi S., Brennan R.J., Boulter J., Sumikawa K. Nicotine gates long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region via the activation of alpha2* nicotinic ACh receptors. The European Journal of Neuroscience 2007, 25:2666-2681.
224. Neuhaus A., Bajbouj M., Kienast T., Kalus P., von Haebler D., Winterer G., et al. Persistent dysfunctional frontal lobe activation in former smokers. Psychopharmacology 2006, 186:191-200.
225. Nieman D.H., Koelman J.H., Linszen D.H., Bour L.J., Dingemans P.M., Ongerboer de Visser B.W. Clinical and neuropsychological correlates of the P300 in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2002, 55:105-113.
226. O'Donnell B.F., Faux S.F., McCarley R.W., Kimble M.O., Salisbury D.F., Nestor P.G., et al. Increased rate of P300 latency prolongation with age in schizophrenia. Electrophysiological evidence for a neurodegenerative process. Archives of General Psychiatry 1995, 52:544-549.
227. Olincy A., Harris J.G., Johnson L.L., Pender V., Kongs S., Allensworth D., et al. Proof-of-concept trial of an alpha7 nicotinic agonist in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 2006, 63:630-638.
228. Olney J.W., Farber N.B. Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 1995, 52:998-1007.
229. Oranje B., Gispen-de Wied C.C., Verbaten M.N., Kahn R.S. Modulating sensory gating in healthy volunteers: The effects of ketamine and haloperidol. Biological Psychiatry 2002, 52:887-895.
230. Orejarena M.J., Herrera-Solis A., Pons S., Maskos U., Maldonado R., Robledo P. Selective re-expression of beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in the ventral tegmental area of the mouse restores intravenous nicotine self-administration. Neuropharmacology 2012, 63:235-241.
231. Orr-Urtreger A., Goldner F.M., Saeki M., Lorenzo I., Goldberg L., De Biasi M., et al. Mice deficient in the alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor lack alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites and hippocampal fast nicotinic currents. The Journal of Neuroscience 1997, 17:9165-9171.
232. Parasuraman R., Greenwood P.M., Kumar R., Fossella J. Beyond heritability: Neurotransmitter genes differentially modulate visuospatial attention and working memory. Psychological Science 2005, 16:200-207.
233. Patkar A.A., Gopalakrishnan R., Lundy A., Leone F.T., Certa K.M., Weinstein S.P. Relationship between tobacco smoking and positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 2002, 190:604-610.
234. Patterson J.V., Hetrick W.P., Boutros N.N., Jin Y., Sandman C., Stern H., et al. P50 sensory gating ratios in schizophrenics and controls: A review and data analysis. Psychiatry Research 2008, 158:226-247.
235. Paylor R., Nguyen M., Crawley J.N., Patrick J., Beaudet A., Orr-Urtreger A. Alpha7 nicotinic receptor subunits are not necessary for hippocampal-dependent learning or sensorimotor gating: A behavioral characterization of Acra7-deficient mice. Learning & Memory 1998, 5:302-316.
236. Perkins K.A., Lerman C., Mercincavage M., Fonte C.A., Briski J.L. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2 subunit (CHRNB2) gene and short-term ability to quit smoking in response to nicotine patch. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2009, 18:2608-2612.
237. Perlman G., Markin A., Iacono W.G. P300 amplitude reduction is associated with early-onset and late-onset pathological substance use in a prospectively studied cohort of 14-year-old adolescents. Psychophysiology 2013, [Epub ahead of print]. 10.1111/psyp.12081.
238. Petrovsky N., Quednow B.B., Ettinger U., Schmechtig A., Mossner R., Collier D.A., et al. Sensorimotor gating is associated with CHRNA3 polymorphisms in schizophrenia and healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010, 35:1429-1439.
239. Pfefferbaum A., Ford J.M., White P.M., Roth W.T. P3 in schizophrenia is affected by stimulus modality, response requirements, medication status, and negative symptoms. Archives of General Psychiatry 1989, 46:1035-1044.
240. Phillips J.M., Ehrlichman R.S., Siegel S.J. Mecamylamine blocks nicotine-induced enhancement of the P20 auditory event-related potential and evoked gamma. Neuroscience 2007, 144:1314-1323.
241. Picciotto M.R., Zoli M., Lena C., Bessis A., Lallemand Y., Le Novere N., et al. Abnormal avoidance learning in mice lacking functional high-affinity nicotine receptor in the brain. Nature 1995, 374:65-67.
242. Picciotto M.R., Zoli M., Rimondini R., Lena C., Marubio L.M., Pich E.M., et al. Acetylcholine receptors containing the beta2 subunit are involved in the reinforcing properties of nicotine. Nature 1998, 391:173-177.
243. Pichat P., Bergis O.E., Terranova J.P., Urani A., Duarte C., Santucci V., et al. SSR180711, a novel selective alpha7 nicotinic receptor partial agonist: (II) efficacy in experimental models predictive of activity against cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 32:17-34.
244. Pineda J.A., Herrera C., Kang C., Sandler A. Effects of cigarette smoking and 12-h abstention on working memory during a serial-probe recognition task. Psychopharmacology 1998, 139:311-321.
245. Polich J. Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b. Clinical Neurophysiology 2007, 118:2128-2148.
246. Polich J., Ochoa C.J. Alcoholism risk, tobacco smoking, and P300 event-related potential. Clinical Neurophysiology 2004, 115:1374-1383.
247. Pons S., Fattore L., Cossu G., Tolu S., Porcu E., McIntosh J.M., et al. Crucial role of alpha4 and alpha6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits from ventral tegmental area in systemic nicotine self-administration. The Journal of Neuroscience 2008, 28:12318-12327.
248. Portugal G.S., Kenney J.W., Gould T.J. Beta2 subunit containing acetylcholine receptors mediate nicotine withdrawal deficits in the acquisition of contextual fear conditioning. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 2008, 89:106-113.
249. Preskorn S.H., Gawryl M., Dgetluck N., Palfreyman M., Bauer L.O., Hilt D.C. Normalizing effects of EVP-6124, an alpha-7 nicotinic partial agonist, on event-related potentials and cognition: A proof of concept, randomized trial in patients with schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 2014, 20:12-24.
250. Prickaerts J., van Goethem N.P., Chesworth R., Shapiro G., Boess F.G., Methfessel C., et al. EVP-6124, a novel and selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, improves memory performance by potentiating the acetylcholine response of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuropharmacology 2012, 62:1099-1110.
251. Quisenaerts C., Morrens M., Hulstijn W., de Bruijn E., Timmers M., Streffer J., et al. The nicotinergic receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia: Barking up the wrong tree?. Psychopharmacology 2014, 231:543-550.
252. Radek R.J., Robb H.M., Stevens K.E., Gopalakrishnan M., Bitner R.S. Effects of the novel alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-107 on sensory gating in DBA/2 mice: Pharmacodynamic characterization. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2012, 343:736-745.
253. Ramirez-Latorre J., Yu C.R., Qu X., Perin F., Karlin A., Role L. Functional contributions of alpha5 subunit to neuronal acetylcholine receptor channels. Nature 1996, 380:347-351.
254. Revheim N., Corcoran C.M., Dias E., Hellmann E., Martinez A., Butler P.D., et al. Reading deficits in schizophrenia and individuals at high clinical risk: Relationship to sensory function, course of illness, and psychosocial outcome. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2014, 171:949-959.
255. Rezvani A.H., Cauley M.C., Johnson E.C., Gatto G.J., Levin E.D. Effects of AZD3480, a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, and donepezil on dizocilpine-induced attentional impairment in rats. Psychopharmacology 2012, 223:251-258.
256. Rezvani A.H., Kholdebarin E., Brucato F.H., Callahan P.M., Lowe D.A., Levin E.D. Effect of R3487/MEM3454, a novel nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist on sustained attention in rats. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 2009, 33:269-275.
257. Rigbi A., Kanyas K., Yakir A., Greenbaum L., Pollak Y., Ben-Asher E., et al. Why do young women smoke? V. Role of direct and interactive effects of nicotinic cholinergic receptor gene variation on neurocognitive function. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2008, 7:164-172.
258. Ringel T.M., Heidrich A., Jacob C.P., Pfuhlmann B., Stoeber G., Fallgatter A.J. Sensory gating deficit in a subtype of chronic schizophrenic patients. Psychiatry Research 2004, 125:237-245.
259. Rissling A.J., Miyakoshi M., Sugar C.A., Braff D.L., Makeig S., Light G.A. Cortical substrates and functional correlates of auditory deviance processing deficits in schizophrenia. NeuroImage: Clinical 2014, 6:424-437.
260. Rissling A.J., Park S.H., Young J.W., Rissling M.B., Sugar C.A., Sprock J., et al. Demand and modality of directed attention modulate "pre-attentive" sensory processes in schizophrenia patients and nonpsychiatric controls. Schizophrenia Research 2013, 146:326-335.
261. Roh S., Hoeppner S.S., Schoenfeld D., Fullerton C.A., Stoeckel L.E., Evins A.E. Acute effects of mecamylamine and varenicline on cognitive performance in non-smokers with and without schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology 2014, 231:765-775.
262. Roncarati R., Scali C., Comery T.A., Grauer S.M., Aschmi S., Bothmann H., et al. Procognitive and neuroprotective activity of a novel alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist for treatment of neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2009, 329:459-468.
263. Ross S.A., Wong J.Y., Clifford J.J., Kinsella A., Massalas J.S., Horne M.K., et al. Phenotypic characterization of an alpha 4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit knock-out mouse. The Journal of Neuroscience 2000, 20:6431-6441.
264. Roth W.T., Cannon E.H. Some features of the auditory evoked response in schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry 1972, 27:466-471.
265. Rudnick N.D., Koehler C., Picciotto M.R., Siegel S.J. Role of beta2-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in auditory event-related potentials. Psychopharmacology 2009, 202:745-751.
266. Rudnick N.D., Strasser A.A., Phillips J.M., Jepson C., Patterson F., Frey J.M., et al. Mouse model predicts effects of smoking and varenicline on event-related potentials in humans. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2010, 12:589-597.
267. Sacco K.A., Termine A., Seyal A., Dudas M.M., Vessicchio J.C., Krishnan-Sarin S., et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on spatial working memory and attentional deficits in schizophrenia: Involvement of nicotinic receptor mechanisms. Archives of General Psychiatry 2005, 62:649-659.
268. Saccone S.F., Hinrichs A.L., Saccone N.L., Chase G.A., Konvicka K., Madden P.A., et al. Cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes implicated in a nicotine dependence association study targeting 348 candidate genes with 3713 SNPs. Human Molecular Genetics 2007, 16:36-49.
269. Saccone N.L., Saccone S.F., Hinrichs A.L., Stitzel J.A., Duan W., Pergadia M.L., et al. Multiple distinct risk loci for nicotine dependence identified by dense coverage of the complete family of nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2009, 150B:453-466.
270. Saccone N.L., Schwantes-An T.H., Wang J.C., Grucza R.A., Breslau N., Hatsukami D., et al. Multiple cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes affect nicotine dependence risk in African and European Americans. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2010, 9:741-750.
271. Saccone N.L., Wang J.C., Breslau N., Johnson E.O., Hatsukami D., Saccone S.F., et al. The CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 nicotinic receptor subunit gene cluster affects risk for nicotine dependence in African-Americans and in European-Americans. Cancer Research 2009, 69:6848-6856.
272. Salas R., Cook K.D., Bassetto L., De Biasi M. The alpha3 and beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits are necessary for nicotine-induced seizures and hypolocomotion in mice. Neuropharmacology 2004, 47:401-407.
273. Salas R., Orr-Urtreger A., Broide R.S., Beaudet A., Paylor R., De Biasi M. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 5 mediates short-term effects of nicotine in vivo. Molecular Pharmacology 2003, 63:1059-1066.
274. Salas R., Pieri F., De Biasi M. Decreased signs of nicotine withdrawal in mice null for the beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit. The Journal of Neuroscience 2004, 24:10035-10039.
275. Salas R., Pieri F., Fung B., Dani J.A., De Biasi M. Altered anxiety-related responses in mutant mice lacking the beta4 subunit of the nicotinic receptor. The Journal of Neuroscience 2003, 23:6255-6263.
276. Salas R., Sturm R., Boulter J., De Biasi M. Nicotinic receptors in the habenulo-interpeduncular system are necessary for nicotine withdrawal in mice. The Journal of Neuroscience 2009, 29:3014-3018.
277. Salminen O., Murphy K.L., McIntosh J.M., Drago J., Marks M.J., Collins A.C., et al. Subunit composition and pharmacology of two classes of striatal presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediating dopamine release in mice. Molecular Pharmacology 2004, 65:1526-1535.
278. Sanchez-Morla E.M., Santos J.L., Aparicio A., Garcia-Jimenez M.A., Soria C., Arango C. Neuropsychological correlates of P50 sensory gating in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2013, 143:102-106.
279. Santos J.L., Sanchez-Morla E.M., Aparicio A., Garcia-Jimenez M.A., Villanueva C., Martinez-Vizcaino V., et al. P50 gating in deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2010, 119:183-190.
280. Saykin A.J., Gur R.C., Gur R.E., Mozley P.D., Mozley L.H., Resnick S.M., et al. Neuropsychological function in schizophrenia. Selective impairment in memory and learning. Archives of General Psychiatry 1991, 48:618-624.
281. Schlaepfer I.R., Hoft N.R., Collins A.C., Corley R.P., Hewitt J.K., Hopfer C.J., et al. The CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster variability as an important determinant of early alcohol and tobacco initiation in young adults. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 63:1039-1046.
282. Semenova S., Contet C., Roberts A.J., Markou A. Mice lacking the beta4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor show memory deficits, altered anxiety- and depression-like behavior, and diminished nicotine-induced analgesia. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2012, 14:1346-1355.
283. Serreau P., Chabout J., Suarez S.V., Naude J., Granon S. Beta2-containing neuronal nicotinic receptors as major actors in the flexible choice between conflicting motivations. Behavioural Brain Research 2011, 225:151-159.
284. Shajahan P.M., O'Carroll R.E., Glabus M.F., Ebmeier K.P., Blackwood D.H. Correlation of auditory 'oddball' P300 with verbal memory deficits in schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine 1997, 27:579-586.
285. Shelley A.M., Ward P.B., Catts S.V., Michie P.T., Andrews S., McConaghy N. Mismatch negativity: An index of a preattentive processing deficit in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 1991, 30:1059-1062.
286. Sherr J.D., Myers C., Avila M.T., Elliott A., Blaxton T.A., Thaker G.K. The effects of nicotine on specific eye tracking measures in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 2002, 52:721-728.
287. Shiina A., Shirayama Y., Niitsu T., Hashimoto T., Yoshida T., Hasegawa T., et al. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of tropisetron in patients with schizophrenia. Annals of General Psychiatry 2010, 9:27.
288. Shim J.C., Jung D.U., Jung S.S., Seo Y.S., Cho D.M., Lee J.H., et al. Adjunctive varenicline treatment with antipsychotic medications for cognitive impairments in people with schizophrenia: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 37:660-668.
289. Shutara Y., Koga Y., Fujita K., Takeuchi H., Mochida M., Takemasa K. An event-related potential study on the impairment of automatic processing of auditory input in schizophrenia. Brain Topography 1996, 8:285-289.
290. Siegel C., Waldo M., Mizner G., Adler L.E., Freedman R. Deficits in sensory gating in schizophrenic patients and their relatives. Evidence obtained with auditory evoked responses. Archives of General Psychiatry 1984, 41:607-612.
291. Silverman M.A., Neale M.C., Sullivan P.F., Harris-Kerr C., Wormley B., Sadek H., et al. Haplotypes of four novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta2-subunit (CHRNB2) gene show no association with smoking initiation or nicotine dependence. American Journal of Medical Genetics 2000, 96:646-653.
292. Simosky J.K., Stevens K.E., Kem W.R., Freedman R. Intragastric DMXB-A, an alpha7 nicotinic agonist, improves deficient sensory inhibition in DBA/2 mice. Biological Psychiatry 2001, 50:493-500.
293. Smith A.K., Edgar J.C., Huang M., Lu B.Y., Thoma R.J., Hanlon F.M., et al. Cognitive abilities and 50- and 100-msec paired-click processes in schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2010, 167:1264-1275.
294. Smith D.M., Grant B., Fisher D.J., Borracci G., Labelle A., Knott V.J. Auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia correlate with P50 gating. Clinical Neurophysiology 2013, 124:1329-1335.
295. Smith R.C., Lindenmayer J.P., Davis J.M., Cornwell J., Noth K., Gupta S., et al. Cognitive and antismoking effects of varenicline in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Schizophrenia Research 2009, 110:149-155.
296. Smith R.C., Singh A., Infante M., Khandat A., Kloos A. Effects of cigarette smoking and nicotine nasal spray on psychiatric symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2002, 27:479-497.
297. Smith R.C., Warner-Cohen J., Matute M., Butler E., Kelly E., Vaidhyanathaswamy S., et al. Effects of nicotine nasal spray on cognitive function in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006, 31:637-643.
298. Smucny J., Olincy A., Eichman L.C., Lyons E., Tregellas J.R. Early sensory processing deficits predict sensitivity to distraction in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2013, 147:196-200.
299. Souza V.B., Muir W.J., Walker M.T., Glabus M.F., Roxborough H.M., Sharp C.W., et al. Auditory P300 event-related potentials and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Biological Psychiatry 1995, 37:300-310.
300. Spitz M.R., Amos C.I., Dong Q., Lin J., Wu X. The CHRNA5-A3 region on chromosome 15q24-25.1 is a risk factor both for nicotine dependence and for lung cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2008, 100:1552-1556.
301. Stefansson H., Rujescu D., Cichon S., Pietilainen O.P., Ingason A., Steinberg S., et al. Large recurrent microdeletions associated with schizophrenia. Nature 2008, 455:232-236.
302. Stephens S.H., Franks A., Berger R., Palionyte M., Fingerlin T.E., Wagner B., et al. Multiple genes in the 15q13-q14 chromosomal region are associated with schizophrenia. Psychiatric Genetics 2012, 22:1-14.
303. Stevens K.E., Freedman R., Collins A.C., Hall M., Leonard S., Marks M.J., et al. Genetic correlation of inhibitory gating of hippocampal auditory evoked response and alpha-bungarotoxin-binding nicotinic cholinergic receptors in inbred mouse strains. Neuropsychopharmacology 1996, 15:152-162.
304. Stevens K.E., Kem W.R., Mahnir V.M., Freedman R. Selective alpha7-nicotinic agonists normalize inhibition of auditory response in DBA mice. Psychopharmacology 1998, 136:320-327.
305. Stevens K.E., Wear K.D. Normalizing effects of nicotine and a novel nicotinic agonist on hippocampal auditory gating in two animal models. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1997, 57:869-874.
306. Stoker A.K., Marks M.J., Markou A. Null mutation of the beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit attenuates nicotine withdrawal-induced anhedonia in mice. European Journal of Pharmacology 2014, 753:146-150.
307. Stoker A.K., Olivier B., Markou A. Role of alpha7- and beta4-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the affective and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal: Studies in knockout mice. Behavior Genetics 2012, 42:423-436.
308. Strik W.K., Dierks T., Maurer K. Amplitudes of auditory P300 in remitted and residual schizophrenics: Correlations with clinical features. Neuropsychobiology 1993, 27:54-60.
309. Sudweeks S.N., Yakel J.L. Functional and molecular characterization of neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors in rat CA1 hippocampal neurons. The Journal of Physiology 2000, 527(Pt 3):515-528.
310. Sullivan P.F., Neale B.M., van den Oord E., Miles M.F., Neale M.C., Bulik C.M., et al. Candidate genes for nicotine dependence via linkage, epistasis, and bioinformatics. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2004, 126B:23-36.
311. Sutton S., Braren M., Zubin J., John E.R. Evoked-potential correlates of stimulus uncertainty. Science 1965, 150:1187-1188.
312. Tabares-Seisdedos R., Rubenstein J.L. Chromosome 8p as a potential hub for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders: Implications for schizophrenia, autism and cancer. Molecular Psychiatry 2009, 14:563-589.
313. Taiminen T.J., Salokangas R.K., Saarijarvi S., Niemi H., Lehto H., Ahola V., et al. Smoking and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: A pilot study. Addictive Behaviors 1998, 23:263-266.
314. Tang Y.L., George T.P., Mao P.X., Cai Z.J., Chen Q. Cigarette smoking in Chinese male inpatients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2007, 41:43-48.
315. Tapper A.R., McKinney S.L., Nashmi R., Schwarz J., Deshpande P., Labarca C., et al. Nicotine activation of alpha4* receptors: Sufficient for reward, tolerance, and sensitization. Science 2004, 306:1029-1032.
316. Thoma R.J., Hanlon F.M., Moses S.N., Ricker D., Huang M., Edgar C., et al. M50 sensory gating predicts negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 73:311-318.
317. Thorgeirsson T.E., Geller F., Sulem P., Rafnar T., Wiste A., Magnusson K.P., et al. A variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease. Nature 2008, 452:638-642.
318. Tidey J.W., Colby S.M., Xavier E.M. Effects of smoking abstinence on cigarette craving, nicotine withdrawal, and nicotine reinforcement in smokers with and without schizophrenia. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2014, 16:326-334.
319. Tietje K.R., Anderson D.J., Bitner R.S., Blomme E.A., Brackemeyer P.J., Briggs C.A., et al. Preclinical characterization of A-582941: A novel alpha7 neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist with broad spectrum cognition-enhancing properties. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 2008, 14:65-82.
320. Timmermann D.B., Sandager-Nielsen K., Dyhring T., Smith M., Jacobsen A.M., Nielsen E.O., et al. Augmentation of cognitive function by NS9283, a stoichiometry-dependent positive allosteric modulator of alpha2- and alpha4-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. British Journal of Pharmacology 2012, 167:164-182.
321. Toyomaki A., Kusumi I., Matsuyama T., Kako Y., Ito K., Koyama T. Tone duration mismatch negativity deficits predict impairment of executive function in schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 2008, 32:95-99.
322. Tregellas J.R., Davalos D.B., Rojas D.C., Waldo M.C., Gibson L., Wylie K., et al. Increased hemodynamic response in the hippocampus, thalamus and prefrontal cortex during abnormal sensory gating in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2007, 92:262-272.
323. Turetsky B.I., Bilker W.B., Siegel S.J., Kohler C.G., Gur R.E. Profile of auditory information-processing deficits in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 2009, 165:27-37.
324. Turetsky B.I., Calkins M.E., Light G.A., Olincy A., Radant A.D., Swerdlow N.R. Neurophysiological endophenotypes of schizophrenia: The viability of selected candidate measures. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2007, 33:69-94.
325. Turetsky B.I., Dent G., Jaeger J., Zukin S.R. P50 amplitude reduction: A nicotinic receptor-mediated deficit in first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Psychopharmacology 2012, 221:39-52.
326. Turetsky B.I., Dress E.M., Braff D.L., Calkins M.E., Green M.F., Greenwood T.A., et al. The utility of P300 as a schizophrenia endophenotype and predictive biomarker: Clinical and socio-demographic modulators in COGS-2. Schizophrenia Research 2014, 163(1-3):53-62.
327. Turner J.R., Castellano L.M., Blendy J.A. Nicotinic partial agonists varenicline and sazetidine-a have differential effects on affective behavior. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2010, 334:665-672.
328. Ucok A., Polat A., Bozkurt O., Meteris H. Cigarette smoking among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 2004, 58:434-437.
329. Umbricht D., Keefe R.S., Murray S., Lowe D.A., Porter R., Garibaldi G., et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled study investigating the nicotinic alpha7 agonist, RG3487, for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014, 39:1568-1577.
330. Umbricht D., Krljes S. Mismatch negativity in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research 2005, 76:1-23.
331. Umbricht D., Schmid L., Koller R., Vollenweider F.X., Hell D., Javitt D.C. Ketamine-induced deficits in auditory and visual context-dependent processing in healthy volunteers: Implications for models of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 2000, 57:1139-1147.
332. van Berckel B.N., Oranje B., van Ree J.M., Verbaten M.N., Kahn R.S. The effects of low dose ketamine on sensory gating, neuroendocrine secretion and behavior in healthy human subjects. Psychopharmacology 1998, 137:271-281.
333. Velligan D., Brenner R., Sicuro F., Walling D., Riesenberg R., Sfera A., et al. Assessment of the effects of AZD3480 on cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2012, 134:59-64.
334. Vianin P., Posada A., Hugues E., Franck N., Bovet P., Parnas J., et al. Reduced P300 amplitude in a visual recognition task in patients with schizophrenia. NeuroImage 2002, 17:911-921.
335. Vicens P., Ribes D., Torrente M., Domingo J.L. Behavioral effects of PNU-282987, an alpha7 nicotinic receptor agonist, in mice. Behavioural Brain Research 2011, 216:341-348.
336. Voineskos S., De Luca V., Mensah A., Vincent J.B., Potapova N., Kennedy J.L. Association of alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor and heavy smoking in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience 2007, 32:412-416.
337. Wada E., Wada K., Boulter J., Deneris E., Heinemann S., Patrick J., et al. Distribution of alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 4, and beta 2 neuronal nicotinic receptor subunit mRNAs in the central nervous system: A hybridization histochemical study in the rat. The Journal of Comparative Neurology 1989, 284:314-335.
338. Wallace T.L., Callahan P.M., Tehim A., Bertrand D., Tombaugh G., Wang S., et al. RG3487, a novel nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist, improves cognition and sensorimotor gating in rodents. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2011, 336:242-253.
339. Walsh T., McClellan J.M., McCarthy S.E., Addington A.M., Pierce S.B., Cooper G.M., et al. Rare structural variants disrupt multiple genes in neurodevelopmental pathways in schizophrenia. Science 2008, 320:539-543.
340. Walters C.L., Brown S., Changeux J.P., Martin B., Damaj M.I. The beta2 but not alpha7 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is required for nicotine-conditioned place preference in mice. Psychopharmacology 2006, 184:339-344.
341. Wang S., D van der Vaart A., Xu Q., Seneviratne C., Pomerleau O.F., Pomerleau C.S., et al. Significant associations of CHRNA2 and CHRNA6 with nicotine dependence in European American and African American populations. Human Genetics 2014, 133:575-586.
342. Wang F., Gerzanich V., Wells G.B., Anand R., Peng X., Keyser K., et al. Assembly of human neuronal nicotinic receptor alpha5 subunits with alpha3, beta2, and beta4 subunits. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1996, 271:17656-17665.
343. Wang J.C., Grucza R., Cruchaga C., Hinrichs A.L., Bertelsen S., Budde J.P., et al. Genetic variation in the CHRNA5 gene affects mRNA levels and is associated with risk for alcohol dependence. Molecular Psychiatry 2009, 14:501-510.
344. Wehner J.M., Keller J.J., Keller A.B., Picciotto M.R., Paylor R., Booker T.K., et al. Role of neuronal nicotinic receptors in the effects of nicotine and ethanol on contextual fear conditioning. Neuroscience 2004, 129:11-24.
345. Weiss R.B., Baker T.B., Cannon D.S., von Niederhausern A., Dunn D.M., Matsunami N., et al. A candidate gene approach identifies the CHRNA5-A3-B4 region as a risk factor for age-dependent nicotine addiction. PLoS Genetics 2008, 4:e1000125.
346. Werkheiser J.L., Sydserff S., Hubbs S.J., Ding M., Eisman M.S., Perry D., et al. Ultra-low exposure to alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonists elicits an improvement in cognition that corresponds with an increase in alpha-7 receptor expression in rodents: Implications for low dose clinical efficacy. Neuroscience 2011, 186:76-87.
347. Wessel J., McDonald S.M., Hinds D.A., Stokowski R.P., Javitz H.S., Kennemer M., et al. Resequencing of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and association of common and rare variants with the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010, 35:2392-2402.
348. Wiklund A., Granon S., Faure P., Sundman E., Changeux J.P., Eriksson L.I. Object memory in young and aged mice after sevoflurane anaesthesia. Neuroreport 2009, 20:1419-1423.
349. Wildeboer-Andrud K.M., Stevens K.E. The smoking cessation drug varenicline improves deficient P20-N40 inhibition in DBA/2 mice. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2011, 100:17-24.
350. Williams J.M., Anthenelli R.M., Morris C.D., Treadow J., Thompson J.R., Yunis C., et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the safety and efficacy of varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2012, 73:654-660.
351. Williams T.J., Nuechterlein K.H., Subotnik K.L., Yee C.M. Distinct neural generators of sensory gating in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology 2011, 48:470-478.
352. Wing V.C., Wass C.E., Bacher I., Rabin R.A., George T.P. Varenicline modulates spatial working memory deficits in smokers with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2013, 149:190-191.
353. Winterer G., Gallinat J., Brinkmeyer J., Musso F., Kornhuber J., Thuerauf N., et al. Allosteric alpha-7 nicotinic receptor modulation and P50 sensory gating in schizophrenia: A proof-of-mechanism study. Neuropharmacology 2013, 64:197-204.
354. Winterer G., Mittelstrass K., Giegling I., Lamina C., Fehr C., Brenner H., et al. Risk gene variants for nicotine dependence in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cluster are associated with cognitive performance. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2010, 153B:1448-1458.
355. Winterer G., Musso F., Konrad A., Vucurevic G., Stoeter P., Sander T., et al. Association of attentional network function with exon 5 variations of the CHRNA4 gene. Human Molecular Genetics 2007, 16:2165-2174.
356. Wu E.Q., Birnbaum H.G., Shi L., Ball D.E., Kessler R.C., Moulis M., et al. The economic burden of schizophrenia in the United States in 2002. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2005, 66:1122-1129.
357. Wynn J.K., Sugar C., Horan W.P., Kern R., Green M.F. Mismatch negativity, social cognition, and functioning in schizophrenia patients. Biological Psychiatry 2010, 67:940-947.
358. Xu W., Gelber S., Orr-Urtreger A., Armstrong D., Lewis R.A., Ou C.N., et al. Megacystis, mydriasis, and ion channel defect in mice lacking the alpha3 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999, 96:5746-5751.
359. Yang J., Wang S., Yang Z., Hodgkinson C.A., Iarikova P., Ma J.Z., et al. The contribution of rare and common variants in 30 genes to risk nicotine dependence. Molecular Psychiatry 2014, [Epub ahead of print]. 10.1038/mp.2014.156.
360. Yee C.M., Nuechterlein K.H., Morris S.E., White P.M. P50 suppression in recent-onset schizophrenia: Clinical correlates and risperidone effects. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1998, 107:691-698.
361. Yildirim E., Connor D.A., Gould T.J. ABT-089, but not ABT-107, ameliorates nicotine withdrawal-induced cognitive deficits in C57BL6/J mice. Behavioural Pharmacology 2014, 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000111.
362. Yoon H.H., Iacono W.G., Malone S.M., McGue M. Using the brain P300 response to identify novel phenotypes reflecting genetic vulnerability for adolescent substance misuse. Addictive Behaviors 2006, 31:1067-1087.
363. Young J.W., Crawford N., Kelly J.S., Kerr L.E., Marston H.M., Spratt C., et al. Impaired attention is central to the cognitive deficits observed in alpha 7 deficient mice. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 17:145-155.
364. Young J.W., Finlayson K., Spratt C., Marston H.M., Crawford N., Kelly J.S., et al. Nicotine improves sustained attention in mice: Evidence for involvement of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:891-900.
365. Young J.W., Meves J.M., Geyer M.A. Nicotinic agonist-induced improvement of vigilance in mice in the 5-choice continuous performance test. Behavioural Brain Research 2013, 240:119-133.
366. Young J.W., Meves J.M., Tarantino I.S., Caldwell S., Geyer M.A. Delayed procedural learning in alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice. Genes, Brain, and Behavior 2011, 10:720-733.
367. Young J.W., Powell S.B., Risbrough V., Marston H.M., Geyer M.A. Using the MATRICS to guide development of a preclinical cognitive test battery for research in schizophrenia. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2009, 122:150-202.
368. Zhang X.Y., Chen da C., Tan Y.L., Xiu M.H., Cui J., Hui L., et al. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of heavy and non-heavy smokers among schizophrenia inpatients in a Chinese Han population. Psychopharmacology 2014, 231:305-314.
369. Zhang X.Y., Chen D.C., Xiu M.H., Haile C.N., He S.C., Luo X., et al. Cigarette smoking, psychopathology and cognitive function in first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia: A case-control study. Psychological Medicine 2013, 43:1651-1660.
370. Zhang H., Kranzler H.R., Poling J., Gelernter J. Variation in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene cluster CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 and its interaction with recent tobacco use influence cognitive flexibility. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010, 35:2211-2224.
371. Zhang X.Y., Tan Y.L., Zhou D.F., Haile C.N., Wu G.Y., Cao L.Y., et al. Nicotine dependence, symptoms and oxidative stress in male patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 32:2020-2024.
372. Ziedonis D.M., Kosten T.R., Glazer W.M., Frances R.J. Nicotine dependence and schizophrenia. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 1994, 45:204-206.
373. Zoli M., Lena C., Picciotto M.R., Changeux J.P. Identification of four classes of brain nicotinic receptors using beta2 mutant mice. The Journal of Neuroscience 1998, 18:4461-4472.
374. Zoli M., Picciotto M.R., Ferrari R., Cocchi D., Changeux J.P. Increased neurodegeneration during ageing in mice lacking high-affinity nicotine receptors. The EMBO Journal 1999, 18:1235-1244.