메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-43

A survey of Monte Carlo tree search methods

Author keywords

Artificial intelligence (AI); bandit based methods; computer Go; game search; Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS); upper confidence bounds (UCB); upper confidence bounds for trees (UCT)

Indexed keywords

BANDIT-BASED METHODS; COMPUTER GO; GAME SEARCH; MONTE CARLO; UPPER CONFIDENCE BOUND;

EID: 84858960516     PISSN: 1943068X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TCIAIG.2012.2186810     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2896)

References (240)
  • 2
    • 0000616723 scopus 로고
    • Sample mean based index policies with zero (log n) regret for the multi-armed bandit problem
    • R. Agrawal, "Sample mean based index policies with zero (log n) regret for the multi-armed bandit problem," Adv. Appl. Probab., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 1054-1078, 1995.
    • (1995) Adv. Appl. Probab. , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 1054-1078
    • Agrawal, R.1
  • 5
    • 84858986663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the laziness ofMonte-Carlo game tree search in nontight situations
    • Univ., Jena, Germany, Tech. Rep
    • I. Althöfer, "On the laziness ofMonte-Carlo game tree search in nontight situations," Friedrich-Schiller Univ., Jena, Germany, Tech. Rep., 2008.
    • (2008) Friedrich-Schiller
    • Althöfer, I.1
  • 9
    • 84896062754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approaching Bayes-optimalilty using Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Freiburg, Germany,[Online]. Available: ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • J. Asmuth and M. L. Littman, "Approaching Bayes-optimalilty using Monte-Carlo tree search," presented at the Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011 [Online]. Available: Http://icaps11.icaps-conference.org/proceedings/mcts/asmuth-littman. pdf, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • (2011) Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched
    • Asmuth, J.1    Littman, M.L.2
  • 10
    • 80053158617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning is planning: Near Bayes-optimal reinforcement learning via Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Barcelona, Spain
    • J. Asmuth and M. L. Littman, "Learning is planning: Near Bayes-optimal reinforcement learning via Monte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. Conf. Uncertainty Artif. Intell., Barcelona, Spain, 2011, pp. 19-26.
    • (2011) Proc. Conf. Uncertainty Artif. Intell. , pp. 19-26
    • Asmuth, J.1    Littman, M.L.2
  • 11
    • 84898079018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimax policies for adversarial and stochastic bandits
    • Montreal, QC, Canada
    • J.-Y. Audibert and S. Bubeck, "Minimax policies for adversarial and stochastic bandits," in Proc. 22nd Annu. Conf. Learn. Theory, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2009, pp. 773-818.
    • (2009) Proc. 22nd Annu. Conf. Learn. Theory , pp. 773-818
    • Audibert, J.-Y.1    Bubeck, S.2
  • 12
    • 67650699537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grid coevolution for adaptive simulations; application to the building of opening books in the game of Go
    • Tübingen, Germany
    • P. Audouard, G. M. J.-B. Chaslot, J.-B. Hoock, J. Perez, A. Rimmel, and O. Teytaud, "Grid coevolution for adaptive simulations; application to the building of opening books in the game of Go," in Proc. Evol. Games, Tübingen, Germany, 2009, pp. 323-332.
    • (2009) Proc. Evol. Games , pp. 323-332
    • Audouard, P.1    Chaslot, G.M.J.-B.2    Hoock, J.-B.3    Perez, J.4    Rimmel, A.5    Teytaud, O.6
  • 13
    • 0036568025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finite-time analysis of the multiarmed bandit problem
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1013689704352, Computational Learning Theory
    • P. Auer, N. Cesa-Bianchi, and P. Fischer, "Finite-time analysis of the multiarmed bandit problem," Mach. Learn., vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 235-256, 2002. (Pubitemid 34126111)
    • (2002) Machine Learning , vol.47 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 235-256
    • Auer, P.1    Cesa-Bianchi, N.2    Fischer, P.3
  • 15
    • 74849100093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous lunches are free plus the design of optimal optimization algorithms
    • A. Auger and O. Teytaud, "Continuous lunches are free plus the design of optimal optimization algorithms," Algorithmica, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 121-146, 2010.
    • (2010) Algorithmica , vol.57 , Issue.1 , pp. 121-146
    • Auger, A.1    Teytaud, O.2
  • 16
    • 79955835579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple tree for partially observable Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Torino, Italy
    • D. Auger, "Multiple tree for partially observable Monte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. Evol. Games, Torino, Italy, 2011, pp. 53-62.
    • (2011) Proc. Evol. Games , pp. 53-62
    • Auger, D.1
  • 17
    • 78951482410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power of forgetting: Improving the lastgood-reply policy in Monte Carlo Go
    • Dec
    • H. Baier and P. D. Drake, "The power of forgetting: Improving the lastgood-reply policy in Monte Carlo Go," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 303-309, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 303-309
    • Baier, H.1    Drake, P.D.2
  • 18
    • 71549133876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UCT for tactical assault planning in real-time strategy games
    • Pasadena, CA
    • R.-K. Balla and A. Fern, "UCT for tactical assault planning in real-time strategy games," in Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Pasadena, CA, 2009, pp. 40-45.
    • (2009) Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 40-45
    • Balla, R.-K.1    Fern, A.2
  • 19
    • 77954594395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consistency modifications for automatically tuned Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Venice, Italy
    • V. Berthier, H. Doghmen, and O. Teytaud, "Consistency modifications for automatically tuned Monte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. Learn. Intell. Optim., Venice, Italy, 2010, pp. 111-124.
    • (2010) Proc. Learn. Intell. Optim. , pp. 111-124
    • Berthier, V.1    Doghmen, H.2    Teytaud, O.3
  • 20
    • 77958561606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower bounding Klondike solitaire with Monte-Carlo planning
    • Thessaloniki, Greece
    • R. Bjarnason, A. Fern, and P. Tadepalli, "Lower bounding Klondike solitaire with Monte-Carlo planning," in Proc. 19th Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Thessaloniki, Greece, 2009, pp. 26-33.
    • (2009) Proc. 19th Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched. , pp. 26-33
    • Bjarnason, R.1    Fern, A.2    Tadepalli, P.3
  • 21
    • 71549126935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CadiaPlayer: A simulation-based general game player
    • Mar
    • Y. Björnsson and H. Finnsson, "CadiaPlayer: A simulation-based general game player," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 4-15, Mar. 2009.
    • (2009) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-15
    • Björnsson, Y.1    Finnsson, H.2
  • 25
  • 26
    • 84871909104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Move pruning techniques for Monte-Carlo Go
    • Taipei, Taiwan
    • B. Bouzy, "Move pruning techniques for Monte-Carlo Go," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Taipei, Taiwan, 2005, pp. 104-119.
    • (2005) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 104-119
    • Bouzy, B.1
  • 28
    • 70349292200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Comput., Queensland Univ. Technol. (QUT), Brisbane, Qld., Australia
    • C. Browne, "Automatic generation and evaluation of recombination games," Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Comput., Queensland Univ. Technol. (QUT), Brisbane, Qld., Australia, 2008.
    • (2008) Automatic Generation and Evaluation of Recombination Games
    • Browne, C.1
  • 29
    • 79960548644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the dangers of random playouts
    • C. Browne, "On the dangers of random playouts," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 25-26, 2010.
    • (2010) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-26
    • Browne, C.1
  • 30
    • 84858962186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards MCTS for creative domains
    • Mexico City, Mexico
    • C. Browne, "Towards MCTS for creative domains," in Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Creat., Mexico City, Mexico, 2011, pp. 96-101.
    • (2011) Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Creat. , pp. 96-101
    • Browne, C.1
  • 31
    • 84856449703 scopus 로고
    • Monte carlo go
    • Munich, Germany, Tech. Rep
    • B. Brügmann, "Monte Carlo Go," Max-Planke-Inst. Phys., Munich, Germany, Tech. Rep., 1993.
    • (1993) Max-Planke-Inst. Phys.
    • Brügmann, B.1
  • 32
    • 79952624396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pure exploration in finitely-armed and continuously-armed bandits
    • S. Bubeck,R.Munos, andG. Stoltz, "Pure exploration in finitely-armed and continuously-armed bandits," Theor. Comput. Sci., vol. 412, pp. 1832-1852, 2011.
    • (2011) Theor. Comput. Sci. , vol.412 , pp. 1832-1852
    • Bubeck, S.1    Munos, R.2    Stoltz, G.3
  • 36
    • 77049096933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phantom Go program
    • Taipei, Taiwan
    • T. Cazenave, "A phantom Go program," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Taipei, Taiwan, 2006, pp. 120-125.
    • (2006) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 120-125
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 38
    • 34250654155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Playing the right Atari
    • T. Cazenave, "Playing the right Atari," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 35-42, 2007.
    • (2007) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-42
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 39
    • 70450082828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflexive Monte-Carlo search
    • Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • T. Cazenave, "Reflexive Monte-Carlo search," in Proc. Comput. Games Workshop, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2007, pp. 165-173.
    • (2007) Proc. Comput. Games Workshop , pp. 165-173
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 40
    • 55249108729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-player go
    • Beijing, China
    • T. Cazenave, "Multi-player Go," in Proc. Comput. Games, Beijing, China, 2008, pp. 50-59.
    • (2008) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 50-59
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 41
    • 72449121392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-carlo kakuro
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • T. Cazenave, "Monte-Carlo Kakuro," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2009, pp. 45-54.
    • (2009) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 45-54
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 43
    • 77956049149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nested Monte-Carlo expression discovery
    • Lisbon, Portugal
    • T. Cazenave, "Nested Monte-Carlo expression discovery," in Proc. Eur. Conf. Artif. Intell., Lisbon, Portugal, 2010, pp. 1057-1058.
    • (2010) Proc. Eur. Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 1057-1058
    • Cazenave, T.1
  • 46
    • 55249121367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Golois wins phantom Go tournament
    • T. Cazenave and J. Borsboom, "Golois wins phantom Go tournament," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 165-166, 2007.
    • (2007) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 165-166
    • Cazenave, T.1    Borsboom, J.2
  • 47
    • 55249112709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the parallelization of UCT
    • Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • T. Cazenave and N. Jouandeau, "On the parallelization of UCT," in Proc. Comput. Games Workshop, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2007, pp. 93-101.
    • (2007) Proc. Comput. Games Workshop , pp. 93-101
    • Cazenave, T.1    Jouandeau, N.2
  • 48
    • 55249086527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parallel Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm
    • Beijing, China
    • T. Cazenave and N. Jouandeau, "A parallel Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm," in Proc. Comput. Games, Beijing, China, 2008, pp. 72-80.
    • (2008) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 72-80
    • Cazenave, T.1    Jouandeau, N.2
  • 51
    • 84858968536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Score bounded monte-carlo tree search
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • T. Cazenave and A. Saffidine, "Score bounded Monte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 93-104.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 93-104
    • Cazenave, T.1    Saffidine, A.2
  • 55
    • 77953762833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adding expert knowledge and exploration in Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • G. M. J.-B. Chaslot, C. Fiter, J.-B. Hoock, A. Rimmel, and O. Teytaud, "Adding expert knowledge and exploration in Monte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2010, vol. 6048, pp. 1-13.
    • (2010) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , vol.6048 , pp. 1-13
    • Chaslot, G.M.J.-B.1    Fiter, C.2    Hoock, J.-B.3    Rimmel, A.4    Teytaud, O.5
  • 57
    • 84886995576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the huge benefit of quasi-random mutations for multimodal optimization with application to grid-based tuning of neurocontrollers
    • [Online]. Available:pdf, ISBN: 2-930307-09-9
    • G. M. J.-B. Chaslot, J.-B. Hoock, F. Teytaud, and O. Teytaud, "On the huge benefit of quasi-random mutations for multimodal optimization with application to grid-based tuning of neurocontrollers," in Proc. Eur. Symp. Artif. Neural Netw., Bruges, Belgium, 2009 [Online]. Available: Http://www.dice.ucl.ac.be/Proceedings/esann/esannpdf/es2009-124.pdf, ISBN: 2-930307-09-9
    • (2009) Proc. Eur. Symp. Artif. Neural Netw., Bruges, Belgium
    • Chaslot, G.M.J.-B.1    Hoock, J.-B.2    Teytaud, F.3    Teytaud, O.4
  • 61
    • 70350231408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search and computer Go
    • K.-H. Chen, D. Du, and P. Zhang, "Monte-Carlo tree search and computer Go," Adv. Inf. Intell. Syst., vol. 251, pp. 201-225, 2009.
    • (2009) Adv. Inf. Intell. Syst. , vol.251 , pp. 201-225
    • Chen, K.-H.1    Du, D.2    Zhang, P.3
  • 63
    • 70349285005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transpositions and move groups in Monte Carlo tree search
    • Perth, Australia
    • B. E. Childs, J. H. Brodeur, and L. Kocsis, "Transpositions and move groups in Monte Carlo tree search," in Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, 2008, pp. 389-395.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 389-395
    • Childs, B.E.1    Brodeur, J.H.2    Kocsis, L.3
  • 64
    • 79955842500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting Monte-Carlo tree search on a normal form game: NoGo
    • C.-W. Chou, O. Teytaud, and S.-J. Yen, "Revisiting Monte-Carlo tree search on a normal form game: NoGo," in Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput., 2011, pp. 73-82.
    • (2011) Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. , pp. 73-82
    • Chou, C.-W.1    Teytaud, O.2    Yen, S.-J.3
  • 66
    • 78751700612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo tree search techniques in the game of Kriegspiel
    • Pasadena, CA
    • P. Ciancarini and G. P. Favini, "Monte Carlo tree search techniques in the game of Kriegspiel," in Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Pasadena, CA, 2009, pp. 474-479.
    • (2009) Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 474-479
    • Ciancarini, P.1    Favini, G.P.2
  • 67
    • 80054036092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo tree search in Kriegspiel
    • Jul
    • P. Ciancarini and G. P. Favini, "Monte Carlo tree search in Kriegspiel," Artif. Intell., vol. 174, no. 11, pp. 670-684, Jul. 2010.
    • (2010) Artif. Intell. , vol.174 , Issue.11 , pp. 670-684
    • Ciancarini, P.1    Favini, G.P.2
  • 70
    • 34547971839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient selectivity and backup operators inMonte-Carlo tree search
    • Turin, Italy
    • R. Coulom, "Efficient selectivity and backup operators inMonte-Carlo tree search," in Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Comput. Games, Turin, Italy, 2006, pp. 72-83.
    • (2006) Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Comput. Games , pp. 72-83
    • Coulom, R.1
  • 71
    • 38849139064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computing Elo ratings of move patterns in the game of Go
    • R. Coulom, "Computing Elo ratings of move patterns in the game of Go," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 198-208, 2007.
    • (2007) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 198-208
    • Coulom, R.1
  • 72
    • 70349270662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search in crazy stone
    • Tokyo, Japan
    • R. Coulom, "Monte-Carlo tree search in crazy stone," in Proc. Game Prog. Workshop, Tokyo, Japan, 2007, pp. 74-75.
    • (2007) Proc. Game Prog. Workshop , pp. 74-75
    • Coulom, R.1
  • 73
    • 71149107214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banditbased optimization on graphs with application to library performance tuning
    • Montreal, QC, Canada
    • F. de Mesmay, A. Rimmel, Y. Voronenko, and M. Püschel, "Banditbased optimization on graphs with application to library performance tuning," in Proc. 26th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., Montreal, QC, Canada, 2009, pp. 729-736.
    • (2009) Proc. 26th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. , pp. 729-736
    • De Mesmay, F.1    Rimmel, A.2    Voronenko, Y.3    Püschel, M.4
  • 74
    • 84858956525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search for the simultaneous move game Tron
    • The Netherlands, Tech. Rep
    • N. G. P. Den Teuling, "Monte-Carlo tree search for the simultaneous move game Tron," Univ. Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Tech. Rep., 2011.
    • (2011) Univ. Maastricht, Maastricht
    • Den Teuling, N.G.P.1
  • 75
    • 77952692896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The last-good-reply policy for Monte-Carlo Go
    • P. D. Drake, "The last-good-reply policy for Monte-Carlo Go," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 221-227, 2009.
    • (2009) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 221-227
    • Drake, P.D.1
  • 77
    • 84898662776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Move ordering vs heavy playouts:Where should heuristics be applied in Monte Carlo Go
    • Gainesville, FL
    • P. D. Drake and S. Uurtamo, "Move ordering vs heavy playouts:Where should heuristics be applied in Monte Carlo Go," in Proc. 3rd North Amer. Game-On Conf., Gainesville, FL, 2007, pp. 35-42.
    • (2007) Proc. 3rd North Amer. Game-On Conf. , pp. 35-42
    • Drake, P.D.1    Uurtamo, S.2
  • 78
    • 84858956456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding the needle in the haystack with heuristically guided swarm tree search
    • Gottingen, Germany
    • S. Edelkamp, P. Kissmann, D. Sulewski, and H. Messerschmidt, "Finding the needle in the haystack with heuristically guided swarm tree search," in Proc. Multikonf. Wirtschaftsinf., Gottingen, Germany, 2010, pp. 2295-2308.
    • (2010) Proc. Multikonf. Wirtschaftsinf. , pp. 2295-2308
    • Edelkamp, S.1    Kissmann, P.2    Sulewski, D.3    Messerschmidt, H.4
  • 79
    • 77953733536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuego-An open-source framework for board games and Go engine based on Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Edmonton, AB, Canada, Tech. Rep., Apr
    • M. Enzenberger and M. Müller, "Fuego-An open-source framework for board games and Go engine based on Monte-Carlo tree search," Univ. Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, Tech. Rep., Apr. 2009.
    • (2009) Univ. Alberta
    • Enzenberger, M.1    Müller, M.2
  • 80
    • 77953800519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lock-free multithreaded Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • M. Enzenberger and M. Müller, "A lock-free multithreaded Monte-Carlo tree search algorithm," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2010, vol. 6048, pp. 14-20.
    • (2010) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , vol.6048 , pp. 14-20
    • Enzenberger, M.1    Müller, M.2
  • 81
    • 78951484236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuego-An open-source framework for board games and Go engine based on Monte Carlo tree search
    • Dec
    • M. Enzenberger, M. Müller, B. Arneson, and R. B. Segal, "Fuego-An open-source framework for board games and Go engine based on Monte Carlo tree search," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 259-270, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 259-270
    • Enzenberger, M.1    Müller, M.2    Arneson, B.3    Segal, R.B.4
  • 82
    • 80054833328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensemble Monte-Carlo planning: An empirical study
    • Freiburg, Germany
    • A. Fern and P. Lewis, "Ensemble Monte-Carlo planning: An empirical study," in Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011, pp. 58-65.
    • (2011) Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched. , pp. 58-65
    • Fern, A.1    Lewis, P.2
  • 83
    • 57749195282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M.S. thesis, Schl. Comput. Sci., Reykjavik Univ., Reykjavik, Iceland Mar
    • H. Finnsson, "CADIA-Player: A general game playing agent," M.S. thesis, Schl. Comput. Sci., Reykjavik Univ., Reykjavik, Iceland, Mar. 2007.
    • (2007) CADIA-Player: A General Game Playing Agent
    • Finnsson, H.1
  • 84
    • 57749181518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation-based approach to general game playing
    • Chicago, IL
    • H. Finnsson and Y. Björnsson, "Simulation-based approach to general game playing," in Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell., Chicago, IL, 2008, pp. 259-264.
    • (2008) Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell. , pp. 259-264
    • Finnsson, H.1    Björnsson, Y.2
  • 86
    • 77958541045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning simulation control in general game-playing agents
    • Atlanta, GA
    • H. Finnsson and Y. Björnsson, "Learning simulation control in general game-playing agents," in Proc. 24th AAAI Conf. Artif. Intell., Atlanta, GA, 2010, pp. 954-959.
    • (2010) Proc. 24th AAAI Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 954-959
    • Finnsson, H.1    Björnsson, Y.2
  • 87
    • 84858968745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CadiaPlayer: Search-control techniques
    • Jan
    • H. Finnsson and Y. Björnsson, "CadiaPlayer: Search-control techniques," Künstliche Intelligenz, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 9-16, Jan. 2011.
    • (2011) Künstliche Intelligenz , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-16
    • Finnsson, H.1    Björnsson, Y.2
  • 88
    • 76349114716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To create intelligent adaptive neuro-controller of game opponent from UCT-created data
    • Tianjin, China
    • Y. Fu, S. Yang, S. He, J. Yang, X. Liu, Y. Chen, and D. Ji, "To create intelligent adaptive neuro-controller of game opponent from UCT-created data," in Proc. Fuzzy Syst. Knowl. Disc., Tianjin, China, 2009, pp. 445-449.
    • (2009) Proc. Fuzzy Syst. Knowl. Disc. , pp. 445-449
    • Fu, Y.1    Yang, S.2    He, S.3    Yang, J.4    Liu, X.5    Chen, Y.6    Ji, D.7
  • 89
    • 77956510446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feature selection as a one-player game
    • Haifa, Israel
    • R. Gaudel and M. Sebag, "Feature selection as a one-player game," in Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., Haifa, Israel, 2010, pp. 359-366.
    • (2010) Proc. 27th Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. , pp. 359-366
    • Gaudel, R.1    Sebag, M.2
  • 92
    • 34547990649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining online and offline knowledge in UCT
    • Corvalis, OR
    • S. Gelly and D. Silver, "Combining online and offline knowledge in UCT," in Proc. 24th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., Corvalis, OR, 2007, pp. 273-280.
    • (2007) Proc. 24th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. , pp. 273-280
    • Gelly, S.1    Silver, D.2
  • 94
    • 79956202655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search and rapid action value estimation in computer Go
    • Jul
    • S. Gelly and D. Silver, "Monte-Carlo tree search and rapid action value estimation in computer Go," Artif. Intell., vol. 175, no. 11, pp. 1856-1875, Jul. 2011.
    • (2011) Artif. Intell. , vol.175 , Issue.11 , pp. 1856-1875
    • Gelly, S.1    Silver, D.2
  • 95
    • 77949664565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration exploitation in Go: UCT for monte-carlo go
    • Vancouver, BC, Canada,[Online]. Available:, ISBN: 0262195682
    • S. Gelly and Y. Wang, "Exploration exploitation in Go: UCT for Monte-Carlo Go," in Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2006 [Online]. Available: Http://www.stat.lsa.umich.edu/~yizwang/ publications/gelly06exploration.pdf, ISBN: 0262195682
    • (2006) Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.
    • Gelly, S.1    Wang, Y.2
  • 97
    • 0036374294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GIB: Imperfect information in a computationally challenging game
    • M. L. Ginsberg, "GIB: Imperfect information in a computationally challenging game," J. Artif. Intell. Res., vol. 14, pp. 303-358, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Artif. Intell. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 303-358
    • Ginsberg, M.L.1
  • 99
    • 70449560435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Game player strategy pattern recognition and how UCT algorithms apply pre-knowledge of player's strategy to improve opponent AI
    • Vienna, Austria Dec
    • S. He, Y.Wang, F. Xie, J. Meng, H. Chen, S. Luo, Z. Liu, and Q. Zhu, "Game player strategy pattern recognition and how UCT algorithms apply pre-knowledge of player's strategy to improve opponent AI," in Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Model. Control Autom., Vienna, Austria, Dec. 2008, pp. 1177-1181.
    • (2008) Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Intell. Model. Control Autom. , pp. 1177-1181
    • He, S.1    Wang, Y.2    Xie, F.3    Meng, J.4    Chen, H.5    Luo, S.6    Liu, Z.7    Zhu, Q.8
  • 101
    • 80054029477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-moves-as-first heuristics in Monte-Carlo Go
    • Las Vegas, NV
    • D. P. Helmbold and A. Parker-Wood, "All-moves-as-first heuristics in Monte-Carlo Go," in Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Intell., Las Vegas, NV, 2009, pp. 605-610.
    • (2009) Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 605-610
    • Helmbold, D.P.1    Parker-Wood, A.2
  • 103
    • 70349273741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiments with Monte Carlo othello
    • DOI 10.1109/CEC.2007.4425000, 4425000, 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2007
    • P. Hingston and M. Masek, "Experiments with Monte Carlo Othello," in Proc. IEEE Congr. Evol. Comput., Singapore, 2007, pp. 4059-4064. (Pubitemid 351371926)
    • (2008) 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2007 , pp. 4059-4064
    • Hingston, P.1    Masek, M.2
  • 105
    • 77952300111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bandit-based genetic programming
    • Istanbul, Turkey
    • J.-B. Hoock and O. Teytaud, "Bandit-based genetic programming," in Proc. Eur. Conf. Gen. Progr., Istanbul, Turkey, 2010, vol. 6021, pp. 268-277.
    • (2010) Proc. Eur. Conf. Gen. Progr. , vol.6021 , pp. 268-277
    • Hoock, J.-B.1    Teytaud, O.2
  • 108
    • 79960538544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo simulation balancing applied to 9 9 Go
    • S.-C. Huang, R. Coulom, and S.-S. Lin, "Monte-Carlo simulation balancing applied to 9 9 Go," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 191-201, 2010.
    • (2010) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 191-201
    • Huang, S.-C.1    Coulom, R.2    Lin, S.-S.3
  • 109
    • 80052339680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo simulation balancing in practice
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • S.-C. Huang, R. Coulom, and S.-S. Lin, "Monte-Carlo simulation balancing in practice," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 81-92.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 81-92
    • Huang, S.-C.1    Coulom, R.2    Lin, S.-S.3
  • 110
    • 79951753159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time management for Monte-Carlo tree search applied to the game of Go
    • Hsinchu City, Taiwan
    • S.-C. Huang, R. Coulom, and S.-S. Lin, "Time management for Monte-Carlo tree search applied to the game of Go," in Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell., Hsinchu City, Taiwan, 2010, pp. 462-466.
    • (2010) Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell. , pp. 462-466
    • Huang, S.-C.1    Coulom, R.2    Lin, S.-S.3
  • 111
    • 84858969292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo tree search in Ms. Pac-Man
    • Kanagawa, Japan
    • N. Ikehata and T. Ito, "Monte Carlo tree search in Ms. Pac-Man," in Proc. 15th Game Progr. Workshop, Kanagawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 1-8.
    • (2010) Proc. 15th Game Progr. Workshop , pp. 1-8
    • Ikehata, N.1    Ito, T.2
  • 113
    • 79951742391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel Monte-Carlo tree search with simulation servers
    • Hsinchu City, Taiwan
    • H. Kato and I. Takeuchi, "Parallel Monte-Carlo tree search with simulation servers," in Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell., Hsinchu City, Taiwan, 2010, pp. 491-498.
    • (2010) Proc. Int. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell. , pp. 491-498
    • Kato, H.1    Takeuchi, I.2
  • 114
    • 84858983005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiments in Monte-Carlo amazons
    • J. Kloetzer, "Experiments in Monte-Carlo amazons," J. Inf. Process. Soc. Jpn., vol. 2010-GI-24, no. 6, pp. 1-4, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Inf. Process. Soc. Jpn. , vol.GI-24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1-4
    • Kloetzer, J.1
  • 115
    • 84858992562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo opening books for amazons
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • J. Kloetzer, "Monte-Carlo opening books for amazons," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 124-135.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 124-135
    • Kloetzer, J.1
  • 116
    • 55249090395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TheMonte-Carlo approach in amazons
    • Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • J. Kloetzer, H. Iida, and B. Bouzy, "TheMonte-Carlo approach in amazons," in Proc. Comput. Games Workshop, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2007, pp. 113-124.
    • (2007) Proc. Comput. Games Workshop , pp. 113-124
    • Kloetzer, J.1    Iida, H.2    Bouzy, B.3
  • 117
    • 70349300410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of solvers in amazons endgames
    • Perth, Australia
    • J. Kloetzer, H. Iida, and B. Bouzy, "A comparative study of solvers in amazons endgames," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, 2008, pp. 378-384.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 378-384
    • Kloetzer, J.1    Iida, H.2    Bouzy, B.3
  • 121
    • 84858981102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient playouts for the Havannah abstract board game
    • Germany, Tech. Rep
    • S. Könnecke and J. Waldmann, "Efficient playouts for the Havannah abstract board game," Hochschule Technik, Leipzig, Germany, Tech. Rep., 2009.
    • (2009) Hochschule Technik, Leipzig
    • Könnecke, S.1    Waldmann, J.2
  • 122
    • 79952011146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M.S. thesis, Dept. Theor. Comput. Sci. Math. Logic, Charles Univ., Prague, Czech Republic
    • T. Kozelek, "Methods of MCTS and the game Arimaa," M.S. thesis, Dept. Theor. Comput. Sci. Math. Logic, Charles Univ., Prague, Czech Republic, 2009.
    • (2009) Methods of MCTS and the Game Arimaa
    • Kozelek, T.1
  • 123
    • 80052312165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new benchmark for artificial intelligence
    • Aug
    • K. L. Kroeker, "A new benchmark for artificial intelligence," Commun. ACM, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 13-15, Aug. 2011.
    • (2011) Commun. ACM , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 13-15
    • Kroeker, K.L.1
  • 124
    • 0002899547 scopus 로고
    • Asymptotically efficient adaptive allocation rules
    • T. L. Lai and H. Robbins, "Asymptotically efficient adaptive allocation rules," Adv. Appl. Math., vol. 6, pp. 4-22, 1985.
    • (1985) Adv. Appl. Math. , vol.6 , pp. 4-22
    • Lai, T.L.1    Robbins, H.2
  • 125
    • 79953227801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo sampling for regret minimization in extensive games
    • Vancouver, BC, Canada
    • M. Lanctot, K. Waugh, M. Zinkevich, and M. Bowling, "Monte Carlo sampling for regret minimization in extensive games," in Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2009, pp. 1078-1086.
    • (2009) Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. , pp. 1078-1086
    • Lanctot, M.1    Waugh, K.2    Zinkevich, M.3    Bowling, M.4
  • 126
    • 0003575599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapidly-exploring random trees: A new tool for path planning
    • Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA, TR 98-11, Tech. Rep
    • S. M. LaValle, "Rapidly-exploring random trees: A new tool for path planning," Comput. Sci. Dept., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA, TR 98-11, Tech. Rep., 1998.
    • (1998) Comput. Sci. Dept.
    • LaValle, S.M.1
  • 127
    • 78951486998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guest editorial: Special issue on Monte Carlo techniques and computer Go
    • Dec
    • C.-S. Lee, M. Müller, and O. Teytaud, "Guest editorial: Special issue on Monte Carlo techniques and computer Go," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 225-228, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 225-228
    • Lee, C.-S.1    Müller, M.2    Teytaud, O.3
  • 130
    • 77958521798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the success of perfect information Monte Carlo sampling in game tree search
    • Atlanta, GA
    • J. R. Long, N. R. Sturtevant, M. Buro, and T. Furtak, "Understanding the success of perfect information Monte Carlo sampling in game tree search," in Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell., Atlanta, GA, 2010, pp. 134-140.
    • (2010) Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell. , pp. 134-140
    • Long, J.R.1    Sturtevant, N.R.2    Buro, M.3    Furtak, T.4
  • 131
    • 78951478387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Online]. Available:
    • S. Lopez, "Rybka's Monte Carlo analysis," 2008 [Online]. Available: Http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid= 5075
    • (2008) Rybka's Monte Carlo analysis
    • Lopez, S.1
  • 132
    • 55249095321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amazons discover Monte-Carlo
    • Beijing, China
    • R. J. Lorentz, "Amazons discover Monte-Carlo," in Proc. Comput. Games, Beijing, China, 2008, pp. 13-24.
    • (2008) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 13-24
    • Lorentz, R.J.1
  • 133
    • 84858974913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving Monte-Carlo tree search in Havannah
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • R. J. Lorentz, "Improving Monte-Carlo tree search in Havannah," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 105-115.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 105-115
    • Lorentz, R.J.1
  • 134
    • 79960531303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Castro wins Havannah tournament
    • R. J. Lorentz, "Castro wins Havannah tournament," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 33, no. 4, p. 232, 2011.
    • (2011) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 232
    • Lorentz, R.J.1
  • 135
    • 80054037273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling and evaluation of complex scenarios with the strategy game description language
    • Seoul, Korea
    • T.Mahlmann, J. Togelius, and G. N. Yannakakis, "Modelling and evaluation of complex scenarios with the strategy game description language," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Seoul, Korea, 2011, pp. 174-181.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 174-181
    • Mahlmann, T.1    Togelius, J.2    Yannakakis, G.N.3
  • 136
    • 79955847788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards procedural strategy game generation: Evolving complementary unit types
    • Torino, Italy
    • T. Mahlmann, J. Togelius, and G. N. Yannakakis, "Towards procedural strategy game generation: Evolving complementary unit types," in Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput., Torino, Italy, 2011, pp. 93-102.
    • (2011) Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. , pp. 93-102
    • Mahlmann, T.1    Togelius, J.2    Yannakakis, G.N.3
  • 138
    • 80054835987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample-based planning for continuous action Markov decision processes
    • Freiburg, Germany
    • C. Mansley, A. Weinstein, and M. L. Littman, "Sample-based planning for continuous action Markov decision processes," in Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011, pp. 335-338.
    • (2011) Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched. , pp. 335-338
    • Mansley, C.1    Weinstein, A.2    Littman, M.L.3
  • 140
    • 79952390587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of simulation strategy on single-player Monte-Carlo tree search and its discussion for a practical scheduling problem
    • Hong Kong
    • S. Matsumoto, N. Hirosue, K. Itonaga, K. Yokoo, and H. Futahashi, "Evaluation of simulation strategy on single-player Monte-Carlo tree search and its discussion for a practical scheduling problem," in Proc. Int. Multi Conf. Eng. Comput. Scientists, Hong Kong, 2010, vol. 3, pp. 2086-2091.
    • (2010) Proc. Int. Multi Conf. Eng. Comput. Scientists , vol.3 , pp. 2086-2091
    • Matsumoto, S.1    Hirosue, N.2    Itonaga, K.3    Yokoo, K.4    Futahashi, H.5
  • 144
    • 78951489351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining UCT and nested Monte Carlo search for single-player general game playing
    • Dec
    • J. Méhat and T. Cazenave, "Combining UCT and nested Monte Carlo search for single-player general game playing," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 271-277, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 271-277
    • Méhat, J.1    Cazenave, T.2
  • 145
    • 84855817203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A parallel general game player
    • J. Méhat and T. Cazenave, "A parallel general game player," Künstliche Intelligenz, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 43-47, 2011.
    • (2011) Künstliche Intelligenz , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-47
    • Méhat, J.1    Cazenave, T.2
  • 146
  • 147
    • 80053947110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centurio, a general game player: Parallel, java-and ASP-based
    • Dec
    • M.Möller,M. Schneider,M.Wegner, and T. Schaub, "Centurio, a general game player: Parallel, java-and ASP-based," Künstliche Intelligenz, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 17-24, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) Künstliche Intelligenz , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-24
    • Möller, M.1    Schneider, M.2    Wegner, M.3    Schaub, T.4
  • 149
    • 78650622800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo exploration for deterministic planning
    • Pasadena, CA
    • H. Nakhost andM.Müller, "Monte-Carlo exploration for deterministic planning," in Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Pasadena, CA, 2009, pp. 1766-1771.
    • (2009) Proc. 21st Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 1766-1771
    • Nakhost, H.1    Müller, M.2
  • 152
    • 84858976937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Playing Othello using Monte Carlo
    • J. P. A. M. Nijssen, "Playing Othello using Monte Carlo," Strategies, pp. 1-9, 2007.
    • (2007) Strategies , pp. 1-9
    • Nijssen, J.P.A.M.1
  • 157
    • 70349275749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Othello evaluation function based on temporal difference learning using probability of winning
    • Perth, Australia Dec
    • Y. Osaki, K. Shibahara, Y. Tajima, and Y. Kotani, "An Othello evaluation function based on temporal difference learning using probability of winning," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, Dec. 2008, pp. 205-211.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 205-211
    • Osaki, Y.1    Shibahara, K.2    Tajima, Y.3    Kotani, Y.4
  • 161
    • 84858981112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of UCT search to the connection games of hex, Y, Star, and Renkula!
    • Espoo, Finland
    • T. Raiko and J. Peltonen, "Application of UCT search to the connection games of hex, Y, Star, and Renkula!," in Proc. Finn. Artif. Intell. Conf., Espoo, Finland, 2008, pp. 89-93.
    • (2008) Proc. Finn. Artif. Intell. Conf. , pp. 89-93
    • Raiko, T.1    Peltonen, J.2
  • 163
  • 164
    • 84910040488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the behavior of UCT in synthetic search spaces
    • Freiburg, Germany, [Online]. Available:, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • R. Ramanujan, A. Sabharwal, and B. Selman, "On the behavior of UCT in synthetic search spaces," presented at the Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011 [Online]. Available: Http://www.cs.cornell. edu/~raghu/Raghuram-Ramanujan-files/mcts11. pdf, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • (2011) Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched.
    • Ramanujan, R.1    Sabharwal, A.2    Selman, B.3
  • 165
    • 80054831532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade-offs in sampling-based adversarial planning
    • Freiburg, Germany
    • R. Ramanujan and B. Selman, "Trade-offs in sampling-based adversarial planning," in Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011, pp. 202-209.
    • (2011) Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched. , pp. 202-209
    • Ramanujan, R.1    Selman, B.2
  • 167
    • 77952337886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple overlapping tiles for contextual Monte Carlo tree search
    • Torino, Italy
    • A. Rimmel and F. Teytaud, "Multiple overlapping tiles for contextual Monte Carlo tree search," in Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. 1, Torino, Italy, 2010, pp. 201-210.
    • (2010) Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. 1 , pp. 201-210
    • Rimmel, A.1    Teytaud, F.2
  • 168
    • 79955818212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of the nested Monte-Carlo algorithm on the traveling salesman problem with time windows
    • Torino, Italy
    • A. Rimmel, F. Teytaud, and T. Cazenave, "Optimization of the nested Monte-Carlo algorithm on the traveling salesman problem with time windows," in Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. 2, Torino, Italy, 2011, pp. 501-510.
    • (2011) Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. , vol.2 , pp. 501-510
    • Rimmel, A.1    Teytaud, F.2    Cazenave, T.3
  • 169
    • 80054750296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biasing Monte-Carlo simulations through RAVE values
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • A. Rimmel, F. Teytaud, and O. Teytaud, "Biasing Monte-Carlo simulations through RAVE values," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 59-68.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 59-68
    • Rimmel, A.1    Teytaud, F.2    Teytaud, O.3
  • 171
    • 71549115769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple tree search method for playing Ms. Pac-Man
    • Milan, Italy
    • D. Robles and S. M. Lucas, "A simple tree search method for playing Ms. Pac-Man," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Milan, Italy, 2009, pp. 249-255.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 249-255
    • Robles, D.1    Lucas, S.M.2
  • 172
    • 80054032362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning non-random moves for playing Othello: Improving Monte Carlo tree search
    • Seoul, Korea
    • D. Robles, P. Rohlfshagen, and S. M. Lucas, "Learning non-random moves for playing Othello: Improving Monte Carlo tree search," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Seoul, Korea, 2011, pp. 305-312.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 305-312
    • Robles, D.1    Rohlfshagen, P.2    Lucas, S.M.3
  • 173
    • 70349956665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boosting active learning to optimality: A tractable Monte-Carlo, Billiard-based algorithm
    • Bled, Slovenia
    • P. Rolet, M. Sebag, and O. Teytaud, "Boosting active learning to optimality: A tractable Monte-Carlo, Billiard-based algorithm," in Proc. Euro. Conf. Mach. Learn. Knowl. Disc. Database, Bled, Slovenia, 2009, pp. 302-317.
    • (2009) Proc. Euro. Conf. Mach. Learn. Knowl. Disc. Database , pp. 302-317
    • Rolet, P.1    Sebag, M.2    Teytaud, O.3
  • 174
  • 175
    • 84858984493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper confidence trees and billiards for optimal active learning
    • Hammamet, Tunisia, 2009 [Online]. Available: URL:
    • P. Rolet, M. Sebag, and O. Teytaud, "Upper confidence trees and billiards for optimal active learning," in Proc. Conf. l'Apprentissage Autom., Hammamet, Tunisia, 2009 [Online]. Available: URL: Http://hal.inria.fr/ docs/00/36/97/87/PDF/capfinal.pdf
    • Proc. Conf. l'Apprentissage Autom
    • Rolet, P.1    Sebag, M.2    Teytaud, O.3
  • 176
    • 84881043243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nested rollout policy adaptation for Monte Carlo tree search
    • Barcelona, Spain
    • C. D. Rosin, "Nested rollout policy adaptation for Monte Carlo tree search," in Proc. 22nd Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Barcelona, Spain, 2011, pp. 649-654.
    • (2011) Proc. 22nd Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 649-654
    • Rosin, C.D.1
  • 177
    • 79953207627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer poker: A review
    • Apr
    • J. Rubin and I.Watson, "Computer poker: A review," Artif. Intell., vol. 175, no. 5-6, pp. 958-987, Apr. 2011.
    • (2011) Artif. Intell. , vol.175 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 958-987
    • Rubin, J.1    Watson, I.2
  • 179
    • 84858982429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guiding combinatorial optimization with UCT
    • presented at the, Freiburg, Germany, [Online]. Available: , ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • A. Sabharwal and H. Samulowitz, "Guiding combinatorial optimization with UCT," presented at the Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched., Freiburg, Germany, 2011 [Online]. Available: Http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~horst/cogrobo/papers/uctmip.pdf, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • (2011) Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int. Conf. Autom. Plan. Sched.
    • Sabharwal, A.1    Samulowitz, H.2
  • 180
    • 84858984509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utilisation dUCT au Hex
    • Lyon, France, Tech. Rep
    • A. Saffidine, "Utilisation dUCT au Hex," Ecole Normale Super., Lyon, France, Tech. Rep., 2008.
    • (2008) Ecole Normale Super.
    • Saffidine, A.1
  • 182
    • 79951729216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UCD: Upper confidence bound for rooted directed acyclic graphs
    • Hsinchu City, Taiwan
    • A. Saffidine and T. Cazenave, "UCD: Upper confidence bound for rooted directed acyclic graphs," in Proc. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell., Hsinchu City, Taiwan, 2010, pp. 467-473.
    • (2010) Proc. Conf. Technol. Appl. Artif. Intell. , pp. 467-473
    • Saffidine, A.1    Cazenave, T.2
  • 185
    • 79959242883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast approximate max-n Monte-Carlo tree search forMs Pac-Man
    • Jun
    • S. Samothrakis, D. Robles, and S. M. Lucas, "Fast approximate max-n Monte-Carlo tree search forMs Pac-Man," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 142-154, Jun. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-154
    • Samothrakis, S.1    Robles, D.2    Lucas, S.M.3
  • 186
    • 79551493932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Shogi program based on Monte-Carlo tree search
    • Y. Sato, D. Takahashi, and R. Grimbergen, "A Shogi program based on Monte-Carlo tree search," Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 80-92, 2010.
    • (2010) Int. Comput. Games Assoc. J. , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 80-92
    • Sato, Y.1    Takahashi, D.2    Grimbergen, R.3
  • 187
    • 84858986652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time solving of quantified CSPs based on Monte-Carlo game tree search
    • Barcelona, Spain
    • B. Satomi, Y. Joe, A. Iwasaki, and M. Yokoo, "Real-time solving of quantified CSPs based on Monte-Carlo game tree search," in Proc. 22nd Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Barcelona, Spain, 2011, pp. 655-662.
    • (2011) Proc. 22nd Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell. , pp. 655-662
    • Satomi, B.1    Joe, Y.2    Iwasaki, A.3    Yokoo, M.4
  • 189
    • 84858956517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Knowl. Eng., Maastricht Univ., Maastricht, The Netherlands
    • M. P. D. Schadd, "Selective search in games of different complexity," Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Knowl. Eng., Maastricht Univ., Maastricht, The Netherlands, 2011.
    • (2011) Selective Search in Games of Different Complexity
    • Schadd, M.P.D.1
  • 192
    • 84858984500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UCT-treesplit-parallel MCTS on distri but memory
    • presented at, Freiburg,Germany,2011[Online]. Available:, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • L.Schaefers,M.Platzner,andU.Lorenz,"UCT-treesplit-parallelMCTS ondistributedmemory,"presented attheMonteCarloTreeSearchWorkshop, 21st Int.Conf.Autom. Plan.Sched., Freiburg,Germany,2011[Online]. Available: Http://icaps11.icaps-conference.org/proceedings/mcts/schaefers-et-al.pdf, ISBN: 978-1-57735-504-5 (CD)
    • The Monte Carlo Tree Search Workshop, 21st Int.Conf.Autom. Plan.Sched
    • Schaefers, L.1    Platzner, M.2    Lorenz, U.3
  • 193
    • 0024767179 scopus 로고
    • History heuristic and alpha-beta search enhancements in practice
    • DOI 10.1109/34.42858
    • J. Schaeffer, "The history heuristic and alpha-beta search enhancements in practice," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 1203-1212, Nov. 1989. (Pubitemid 20630610)
    • (1989) IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence , vol.11 , Issue.11 , pp. 1203-1212
    • Schaeffer Jonathan1
  • 194
    • 79958141181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UCT algorithm applied to games with imperfect information
    • Otto-Von-Guericke Univ., Magdeburg, Germany
    • J. Schäfer, "The UCT algorithm applied to games with imperfect information," Diploma thesis, Fakultat Informatik, Otto-Von-Guericke Univ., Magdeburg, Germany, 2008.
    • (2008) Diplomathesis, Fakultat Informatik
    • Schäfer, J.1
  • 195
    • 80052320530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the scalability of parallel UCT
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • R. B. Segal, "On the scalability of parallel UCT," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 36-47.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 36-47
    • Segal, R.B.1
  • 197
    • 58449110565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge generation for improving simulations in UCT for general game playing
    • Auckland, New Zealand
    • S. Sharma, Z. Kobti, and S. Goodwin, "Knowledge generation for improving simulations in UCT for general game playing," in Proc. Adv. Artif. Intell., Auckland, New Zealand, 2008, pp. 49-55.
    • (2008) Proc. Adv. Artif. Intell. , pp. 49-55
    • Sharma, S.1    Kobti, Z.2    Goodwin, S.3
  • 198
    • 70349266572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning and knowledge generation in general games
    • Perth, Australia Dec
    • S. Sharma, Z. Kobti, and S. Goodwin, "Learning and knowledge generation in general games," in Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, Dec. 2008, pp. 329-335.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 329-335
    • Sharma, S.1    Kobti, Z.2    Goodwin, S.3
  • 199
    • 0036146034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World-championship-caliber Scrabble
    • DOI 10.1016/S0004-3702(01)00166-7, PII S0004370201001667
    • B. Sheppard, "World-championship-caliber scrabble," Artif. Intell., vol. 134, pp. 241-275, 2002. (Pubitemid 34086585)
    • (2002) Artificial Intelligence , vol.134 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 241-275
    • Sheppard, B.1
  • 200
    • 70349282005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining final score with winning percentage by sigmoid function in Monte-Carlo simulations
    • Perth, Australia Dec
    • K. Shibahara and Y. Kotani, "Combining final score with winning percentage by sigmoid function in Monte-Carlo simulations," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, Dec. 2008, pp. 183-190.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 183-190
    • Shibahara, K.1    Kotani, Y.2
  • 202
    • 56449110907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample-based learning and search with permanent and transient memories
    • Helsinki, Finland
    • D. Silver, R. S. Sutton, and M. Müller, "Sample-based learning and search with permanent and transient memories," in Proc. 25th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn., Helsinki, Finland, 2008, pp. 968-975.
    • (2008) Proc. 25th Annu. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. , pp. 968-975
    • Silver, D.1    Sutton, R.S.2    Müller, M.3
  • 204
    • 85161963598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo planning in large POMDPs
    • Vancouver, BC, Canada
    • D. Silver and J. Veness, "Monte-Carlo planning in large POMDPs," in Proc. Neural Inf. Process. Syst., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2010, pp. 1-9.
    • (2010) Proc. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. , pp. 1-9
    • Silver, D.1    Veness, J.2
  • 207
    • 55249123400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of UCT in multi-player games
    • Beijing, China
    • N. R. Sturtevant, "An analysis of UCT in multi-player games," in Proc. Comput. Games, Beijing, China, 2008, pp. 37-49.
    • (2008) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 37-49
    • Sturtevant, N.R.1
  • 209
    • 77953795616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search in settlers of Catan
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • I. Szita, G. M. J.-B.Chaslot, and P. Spronck, "Monte-Carlo tree search in settlers of Catan," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2010, pp. 21-32.
    • (2010) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 21-32
    • Szita, I.1    Chaslot, G.M.J.-B.2    Spronck, P.3
  • 210
    • 70349294174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Monte Carlo tree search and the application to Go
    • Perth, Australia Dec
    • S. Takeuchi, T. Kaneko, and K. Yamaguchi, "Evaluation of Monte Carlo tree search and the application to Go," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Perth, Australia, Dec. 2008, pp. 191-198.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 191-198
    • Takeuchi, S.1    Kaneko, T.2    Yamaguchi, K.3
  • 211
    • 78951470159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of game tree search methods by game records
    • Dec
    • S. Takeuchi, T. Kaneko, and K. Yamaguchi, "Evaluation of game tree search methods by game records," IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 288-302, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 288-302
    • Takeuchi, S.1    Kaneko, T.2    Yamaguchi, K.3
  • 212
    • 71749108759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study on security evaluation methodology for image-based biometrics authentication systems
    • DOI: 10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339016. Washington, DC
    • Y. Tanabe, K. Yoshizoe, and H. Imai, "A study on security evaluation methodology for image-based biometrics authentication systems," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Biomed., Theory Appl. Syst.,Washington, DC, 2009, DOI: 10.1109/BTAS.2009.5339016.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Conf. Biomed., Theory Appl. Syst.
    • Tanabe, Y.1    Yoshizoe, K.2    Imai, H.3
  • 214
    • 77953773563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creating an upper-confidence-tree program for Havannah
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • F. Teytaud and O. Teytaud, "Creating an upper-confidence-tree program for Havannah," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2010, pp. 65-74.
    • (2010) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 65-74
    • Teytaud, F.1    Teytaud, O.2
  • 215
    • 79960542525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the huge benefit of decisive moves in Monte-Carlo tree search algorithms
    • Dublin, Ireland
    • F. Teytaud and O. Teytaud, "On the huge benefit of decisive moves in Monte-Carlo tree search algorithms," in Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games, Dublin, Ireland, 2010, no. 1, pp. 359-364.
    • (2010) Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games , Issue.1 , pp. 359-364
    • Teytaud, F.1    Teytaud, O.2
  • 216
    • 80054048141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lemmas on partial observation, with application to phantom games
    • Seoul, Korea
    • F. Teytaud and O. Teytaud, "Lemmas on partial observation, with application to phantom games," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Seoul, Korea, 2011, pp. 243-249.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 243-249
    • Teytaud, F.1    Teytaud, O.2
  • 217
    • 79955805743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper confidence trees with short term partial information
    • Torino, Italy
    • O. Teytaud and S. Flory, "Upper confidence trees with short term partial information," in Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. 1, Torino, Italy, 2011, pp. 153-162.
    • (2011) Proc. Appl. Evol. Comput. , vol.1 , pp. 153-162
    • Teytaud, O.1    Flory, S.2
  • 219
    • 77953792855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of UCT and its enhancements in an artificial game
    • Pamplona, Spain
    • D. Tom and M. Müller, "A study of UCT and its enhancements in an artificial game," in Proc. Adv. Comput. Games, Pamplona, Spain, 2010, pp. 55-64.
    • (2010) Proc. Adv. Comput. Games , pp. 55-64
    • Tom, D.1    Müller, M.2
  • 220
    • 84858956522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational experiments with the RAVE heuristic
    • Kanazawa, Japan
    • D. Tom and M. Müller, "Computational experiments with the RAVE heuristic," in Proc. Comput. Games, Kanazawa, Japan, 2010, pp. 69-80.
    • (2010) Proc. Comput. Games , pp. 69-80
    • Tom, D.1    Müller, M.2
  • 222
    • 79952853582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Monte-Carlo approach for ghost avoidance in the Ms. Pac-Man game
    • Hong Kong, DOI: 10.1109/ICEGIC.2010.5716879
    • B. K.-B. Tong and C. W. Sung, "A Monte-Carlo approach for ghost avoidance in the Ms. Pac-Man game," in Proc. IEEE Consum. Electron. Soc. Games Innov. Conf., Hong Kong, 2011, DOI: 10.1109/ICEGIC.2010.5716879.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Consum. Electron. Soc. Games Innov. Conf.
    • Tong, B.K.-B.1    Sung, C.W.2
  • 223
    • 70549113669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte-Carlo tree search in Poker using expected reward distributions
    • G. van den Broeck, K. Driessens, and J. Ramon, "Monte-Carlo tree search in Poker using expected reward distributions," Adv. Mach. Learn., no. 1, pp. 367-381, 2009.
    • (2009) Adv. Mach. Learn. , Issue.1 , pp. 367-381
    • Van Den Broeck, G.1    Driessens, K.2    Ramon, J.3
  • 227
    • 77958578580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating sample-based planning and model-based reinforcement learning
    • Atlanta, GA
    • T. J.Walsh, S. Goschin, and M. L. Littman, "Integrating sample-based planning and model-based reinforcement learning," in Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell., Atlanta, GA, 2010, pp. 612-617.
    • (2010) Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell. , pp. 612-617
    • Walsh, T.J.1    Goschin, S.2    Littman, M.L.3
  • 228
  • 229
    • 71549145622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo search applied to card selection in magic: The gathering
    • Milan, Italy
    • C. D.Ward and P. I. Cowling, "Monte Carlo search applied to card selection in magic: The gathering," in Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games, Milan, Italy, 2009, pp. 9-16.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 9-16
    • Ward, C.D.1    Cowling, P.I.2
  • 230
    • 80054030477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinization and information set Monte Carlo tree search for the card game Dou Di Zhu"
    • Seoul, Korea
    • D. Whitehouse, E. J. Powley, and P. I. Cowling, "Determinization and information set Monte Carlo tree search for the card game Dou Di Zhu," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games, Seoul, Korea, 2011, pp. 87-94.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Intell. Games , pp. 87-94
    • Whitehouse, D.1    Powley, E.J.2    Cowling, P.I.3
  • 237
    • 77649307992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Backpropagation modification in Monte-Carlo game tree search
    • NanChang, China
    • F. Xie and Z. Liu, "Backpropagation modification in Monte-Carlo game tree search," in Proc. Int. Symp. Intell. Inf. Technol. Appl., NanChang, China, 2009, pp. 125-128.
    • (2009) Proc. Int. Symp. Intell. Inf. Technol. Appl. , pp. 125-128
    • Xie, F.1    Liu, Z.2
  • 238
    • 80055027995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A local Monte Carlo tree search approach in deterministic planning
    • San Francisco, CA
    • F. Xie, H. Nakhost, and M. Müller, "A local Monte Carlo tree search approach in deterministic planning," in Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell., San Francisco, CA, 2011, pp. 1832-1833.
    • (2011) Proc. Assoc. Adv. Artif. Intell. , pp. 1832-1833
    • Xie, F.1    Nakhost, H.2    Müller, M.3
  • 239
    • 77950560383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To create intelligent adaptive game opponent by using Monte-Carlo for tree search
    • Tianjian, China
    • J. Yang, Y. Gao, S. He, X. Liu, Y. Fu, Y. Chen, and D. Ji, "To create intelligent adaptive game opponent by using Monte-Carlo for tree search," in Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Natural Comput., Tianjian, China, 2009, pp. 603-607.
    • (2009) Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Natural Comput. , pp. 603-607
    • Yang, J.1    Gao, Y.2    He, S.3    Liu, X.4    Fu, Y.5    Chen, Y.6    Ji, D.7
  • 240
    • 78149351828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing player's satisfaction through DDA of game AI by UCT for the game dead-end
    • Yantai, China
    • Y. Zhang, S. He, J. Wang, Y. Gao, J. Yang, X. Yu, and L. Sha, "Optimizing player's satisfaction through DDA of game AI by UCT for the game dead-end," in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Natural Comput., Yantai, China, 2010, pp. 4161-4165.
    • (2010) Proc. 6th Int. Conf. Natural Comput. , pp. 4161-4165
    • Zhang, Y.1    He, S.2    Wang, J.3    Gao, Y.4    Yang, J.5    Yu, X.6    Sha, L.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.