Bacteriocins with potential for use in foods

Antimicrobials in Food, Third Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 389-428

  Hoover, Dallas G ^a   Chen, Haiqiang ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 61449216932     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (296)

1. Abee, T. 1995. Pore-forming bacteriocins of Gram-positive bacteria and self-protection mechanisms of producer organisms. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 129:1.
2. Abee, T., Krockel, L., and Hill, C. 1995. Bacteriocins: modes of action and potentials in food preservation and control of food poisoning. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 28:169.
3. Abdel-Bar, N. M., and Harris, N. D. 1984. Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus bulgaricus on psychrotrophic bacteria in associative cultures and in refrigerated foods. J. Food Prot. 47:61.
4. Abdel-Bar, N. M., Harris, N. D., and Rill, R. L. 1987. Purification and properties of an antimicrobial substance produced by Lactobacillus bulgaricus. J. Food Sci. 52:411.
5. Ahn, C., and Stiles, M. E. 1990. Plasmid-associated bacteriocin production by a strain of Carnobacterium piscicola from meat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:2503.
6. Allgaier, H., Jung, G., Werner, G. G., Schneider, U., and Zahner, H. 1986. Epidermin: sequencing of a heterodettetracyclic 21-peptide amide antibiotic. Eur. J. Biochem. 160:9.
7. Allison, G. E., Fremaux, C., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1994. Expansion of bacteriocin activity and host range upon complementation of two peptides encoded within the lactacin F operon. J. Bacteriol. 176:2235.
8. Altena, K., Guder, A., Cramer, C., and Bierbaum, G. 2000. Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mersacidin: organization of a type B lantibiotic gene cluster. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:2565.
9. Anand, S. K., Srinivasan, R. A., and Rao, L. K. 1985. Antibacterial activity associated with Bifidobacterium bifidum. Cult. Dairy Prod. J. 20:21.
10. Andersson, R. E. 1986. Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and spheroplasts of gram-negative bacteria by an antagonistic compound produced by a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 3:149.
11. Anderssen, E. L., Diep, D. B., Nes, I. F., Eijsink, V. G. H., and Nissen-Meijer, J. 1998. Antagonistic activity of Lactobacillus plantarum C11: two new two-peptide bacteriocins, plantaricins EF and JK, and the induction factor plantaricin A. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 6:2269.
12. Atrih, A., Rekhif, N., Moir, A. J. G., Lebrihi, A., and Lefebvre, G. 2001. Mode of action, purification and amino acid sequence of plantaricin C19, an anti-Listeria bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 68:93.
13. Axelsson, L., and Holck, A. 1995. The genes involved in production of and immunity to sakacin A, a bacteriocin from Lactobacillus sake Lb706. J. Bacteriol. 177:2125.
14. Axelsson, L., Katla, T., Bjornslett, M., Eijsink, V. G. H., and Holck. A. 1988. A system for heterologous expression of bacteriocins in Lactobacillus sake. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 168:137.
15. Aymerich, T., Holo, H., Håvarstein, L. S., Hugas, M., Garriga, M., and Nes I. F. 1996. Biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin A from Enterococcus faecium, a new antilisterial bacteriocin in the pediocin family of bacteriocins. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1676.
16. Banerjee, S., and Hansen, J. N. 1988. Structure and expression of a gene encoding the precursor of subtilin, a small protein antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 263:9508.
17. Bardowski, J., and Kozak, W. 1981. Preliminary attempts at bacteriocin typing of lactic streptococci. Acta Microbiol. Polon. 30:27.
18. Bardowski, J., Kozak. W., and Dobrzanski, W. T., 1979. Further characterization of lactostrepcins-acid bacteriocins of lactic streptococci. Acta Microbiol. Polon. 28:93.
19. Barefoot, S. F., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1983. Detection and activity of lactacin B, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1808.
20. Barefoot, S. F., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1984. Purification and characterization of the Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriocin lactacin B. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 26:328.
21. Berry, E. D., Liewen, M. B., Mandigo, R. W., and Hutkins, R. W. 1990. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus during the manufacture of fermented semidry sausage. J. Food Prot. 53:194.
22. Berry, E. D., Hutkins, R. W., and Mandigo, R. W. 1991. The use of bacteriocin-producing Pedicoccus acidilactici to control post processing Listeria monocytogenes contamination of frankfurters. J. Food Prot. 54:681.
23. Bhunia, A. K., Johnson, M. C., and Ray, B. 1987. Direct detection of an antimicrobial peptide of Pediococcus acidilactici in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J. Ind. Microbiol. 2:319.
24. Bhunia, A. K., Johnson, M. C., and Ray, B. 1988. Purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 65:261.
25. Bierbaum, G., Brötz, H., Koller, K-P., and Sahl, H.-G. 1995. Cloning, sequencing and production of the lantibiotic mersacidin. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 127:121.
26. Bierbaum, G., Götz, F., Peschel, A., Kupke, T., van de Kamp, M., and Sahl, H.-G. 1996. The biosynthesis of the lantibiotics epidermin, gallidermin, Pep5 and epilancin K7. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69:119.
27. Biswas, S. R., Ray, P., Johnson, M. C., and Ray, B. 1991. Influence of growth conditions on the production of a bacteriocin, pediocin AcH, by Pediococcus acidilactici H. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1265.
28. Blom, H., Katla, T., Hagen, B.F., and Axelsson, L. 1997. A model assay to demonstrate how intrinsic factors affect diffusion of bacteriocins. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 38:103.
29. Blom, H., Katla, T., Holck, A., Sletten, K., Axelsson, L., and Holo, H. 1999. Characterization, production, and purification of leucocin H, a two-peptide bacteriocin from Leuconostoc MF215B. Curr. Microbiol. 39:43.
30. Blom, H., Katla, T., Nissen, H., and Holo, H. 2001. Characterization, production and purification of carnocin H, a bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium 377. Curr. Microbiol. 43:227.
31. Bradley, D. E. 1967. Ultrastructure of bactenophages and bacteriocins. Bacteriol. Rev. 31:230.
32. Branen, A. L., Go, H. C., and Genske, R. P. 1975. Purification and properties of antimicrobial substances provided by Streptococcus diacetylactis and Leuconostoc citrovorum. J. Food Sci. 40:446.
33. Bruno, S. E., Kaiser, A., and Montville, T. J. 1992. Depletion of proton motive force by nisin in Listeria monocytogenes cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:2255.
34. Brurber, M. B., Nes, I. F., Kijsink, V. G., and Nissen-Meijer, J. 1997. Pheromone-induced production of antimicrobial peptides in Lactobacillus. Mol. Microbiol. 26:347.
35. Buchmann, G. W., Banerjee, S., and Hansen, J. N. 1988. Structure, expression, and evolution of a gene encoding the precursor of nisin, a small protein antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 263:16260.
36. Bukhtiyarova, M., Yang, R., and Ray, B. 1994. Analysis of the pediocin AcH gene cluster from plasmid pSMB74 and its expression in a pediocin-negative strain. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:3405.
37. Callewaert, R., Hugas, M., and De Vuyst, L. 2000. Competitiveness and bacteriocin production of Enterococcus in the production of Spanish-style dry fermented sausages. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 57:33.
38. Carolissen-Mackay, V., Arendse, G., and Hastings, J. W. 1997. Purification of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria: problems and pointers. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 34:1.
39. Casaus, P., Nilsen, T., Cintas, L. M., Nes, I. F., Hernandez, P. E., and Holo, H. 1997. Enterocin B, a new bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium T136 which can act synergistically with enterocin A. Microbiology 143:2287.
40. Castellano, P., Farias, M. E., Holzapfel, W., and Vignolo, G. 2001. Sensitivity variations of Listeria strains to the bacteriocins, lactocin 705, enterocin CRL35 and nisin. Biotechnol. Lett. 23:605.
41. Changeux, J. P., and Thiery, J. 1967. On the mode of action of colicins: a model of regulation at the membrane level. J. Theor. Biol. 17:3151.
42. Chen, Y., Ludescher, R. D., and Montville, T. J. 1997a. Electrostatic interactions, but not the UGNGV consensus motif, govern the binding of pediocin PA-1 and its fragments to phospholipid vesicles. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4770.
43. Chen, Y., Shapira, R., Eisenstein, M., and Montville, T. J. 1997b. Functional characterization of pediocin PA-binding to liposomes in the absence of a protein receptor and its relationship to a predicted tertiary structure. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:524.
44. Cintas, L. M., Casaus, P., Håvarstein, L. S., Hernández, P. E., and Nes I. F. 1997. Biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin P, a novel sec dependent bacteriocin from Enterococcus faecium P13 with a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4321.
45. Cintas, L. M., Casaus, P., Holo, H., Hernandez, P. E., Nes, I. F., and Havarstein, L. S. 1998. Enterocins L50A and L50B, two novel bacteriocins from Enterococcus faecium L50, are related to staphylococcal hemolysins. J. Bacteriol. 180:1988.
46. Cleveland, J., Montville, T. J., Nes, I. F., and Chikindas, M. L. 2001. Bacteriocins: safe, natural antimicrobials for food preservation. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 71:1.
47. Collins, M. D., Farrow, J. A. E., Phillips, B. A., Ferusu, S., and Jones, D. 1987. Classification of Lactobacillus divergens, Lactobacillus piscicola, and some catalase-negative, asporogenous. rod-shaped bacteria from poultry in a new genus, Carnobacterium. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:310.
48. Coma, V., Sebti, I., Pardon, P., Deschamps, A., and Pichavant, F. H. 2001. Antimicrobial edible packaging based on cellulosic ethers, fatty acids, and nisin incorporation to inhibit Listeria innocua and Staphylococcus aureus. J. Food Protect. 64:470.
49. Coventry, M. J., Gordon, J. B., Alexander, M., Hickey, M. W., and Wan, J. 1996. A food-grade process for isolation and partial purification of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria that uses diatomite calcium silicate. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1764.
50. Cuozzo, S. A., Sesma, F., Palacios, J. M., de Ruiz-Holgado, A. P., and Raya, R. R. 2000. Identification and nucleotide sequence of genes involved in the synthesis of lactocin 705, a two-peptide bacteriocin from Lactobacillus casei SRL 705. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 185:157.
51. Daeschel, M.A. 1989. Antimicrobial substances from lactic acid bacteria for use as food preservatives. Food Technol. 43:1641.
52. Daeschel, M. A., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1985, Association of a 13.6-megadaton plasmid in Pediococcus pentosaceus with bacteriocin activity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50:1538.
53. Daeschel, M. A., McKenney, M. C., and McDonald, L. C. 1990. Bacteriocidal activity of Lactobacillus plantarum C-l l. Food Microbiol. 7:91.
54. Daly, C., Fitzgerald, G. F., O’Connor, L., and Davis, R. 1998. Technological and health benefits of dairy starter cultures. Int. Dairy J. 8:195.
55. Davey, G. P. 1981. Mode of action of diplococcin, a bacteriocin from Streptococcus cremoris 346. N. Z. J. Dairy Sci. Technol. 16:187.
56. Davey, G. P. 1984. Plasmid associated with diplococcin production in Streptococcus cremoris. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48:895.
57. Davey, G. P., and Pearce, L. E. 1980. The use of Streptococcus cremoris strains cured of diplococcin production as cheese starters. N. Z. J. Dairy Sci. Technol. 15:51.
58. Davey, G. P., and Pearce, L. E. 1982. Production of diplococcin by Streptococcus cremoris and its transfer to nonproducing group N streptococci. In Microbiology 1982, Schlessinger, D., Ed., American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., p. 221.
59. Davey, G. P., and Richardson, B. C. 1981. Purification and some properties of diplococcin from Streptococcus cremoris 346. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 41:84.
60. Degnan, A. J., and Luchansky, J. B. 1992. Influence of beef tallow and muscle on the antilisterial activity of pediocin AcH and liposome-encapsulated pediocin AcH. J. Food Prot. 55:552.
61. De Klerk, H. C., and Coetzee, J. N. 1961. Antibiosis among lactobacilli. Nature (Lond.) 192:340.
62. De Klerk, H. C., and Coetzee, J. N. 1967. Bacteriocinogeny in Lactobacillus fermenti. Nature (Lond.) 214:609.
63. De Klerk, H. C., and Smit, J. A. 1967. Properties of a Lactobacillus fermenti bacteriocin. J. Gen. Microbiol. 48:309.
64. de Vos, W. M., Kuipers, O. P., van der Meer, J. R., Siezen, R. J. 1995. Maturation pathway of nisin and other lantibiotics: post-translationally modified antimicrobial peptides exported by gram-positive bacteria. Mol. Microbiol. 17:427.
65. Devoyod, J. J., and Poullain, F. 1988. Les Leuconostocs proprietes: leur role en technologie laitiere. Lait 68:249.
66. Diep, D. B., Havarstein, L. S., Nissen-Meyer, J., and Nes, I. F. 1994. The gene encoding plantaricin A, a bacteriocin from Lactobacillus plantarum C11, is located on the same transcription unit as an agrlike regulatory system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:160.
67. Diep, B. D., Havarstein, L. S., and Nes, I. F. 1995. A bacteriocin-like peptide induces bacteriocin synthesis in L. plantarum C11. Mol. Microbiol. 18:631.
68. Diep, D. B., Havarstein, L. S., and Nes, I. F. 1996. Characterization of the locus responsible for the bacteriocin production in Lactobacillus plantarum C11. J. Bacteriol. 178:4472.
69. Dobrzanski, W. T., Bardowski, J., Kozak, W., and Zajdel, J. 1982. Lactostrepcins: bacteriocins of lactic streptococci. In Microbiology 1982, Schlessinger, D., Ed., American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C., p. 225.
70. Duffes, F., Corre, C., Leroi, F., Dousset, X., and Boyaval, P. 1999. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by in situ produced and semipurified bacteriocins of Carnobacterium spp. On vacuum-packed, refrigerated cold-smoked salmon. J. Food Protect. 62:1394.
71. Dufour, A., Rince, A., Uguen, P., and LePennec, J. P. 2000. IS1675, a novel lactococcal insertion element, forms a transposon-like structure including the lacticin 481 lantibiotic operon. J. Bacteriol. 182:5600.
72. Enan, G., El-Essawy, A. A., Uyttendaele, M., and Debevere, J. 1996. Antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum UG1 isolated from dry sausage: characterization, production and bactericidal action of plantaricin UG1. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 30:189.
73. Ennahar, S., Aoude-Werner, D., Sorokine, O., Van Dorsselaer, A., Bringel, F., Hubert, J., and Hasselmann, C.Production of pediocin AcH by Lactobacillus plantarum WHE 92 isolated from cheese. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:4381.
74. Ennahar, S., Sashihara, T., Sonomoto, K., and Ishizaki, A. 2000. Class IIa bacteriocins: biosynthesis, structure and activity. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 24:85.
75. Etchells, J. L., Costilow, R. N., Anderson, T. E., and Bell, T. A. 1964. Pure culture fermentation of brined cucumbers. Appl. Microbiol. 12:523.
76. Fath, M. J., and Kolter, R. 1993. ABC transporters: bacterial exporters. Microbiol. Rev. 57:995.
77. Faye, T., Langsrud, T., Nes, I. F., and Holo, H. 2000. Biochemical and genetic characterization of propionicin T1, a new bacteriocin from Propionibacterium thoenii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:4230.
78. Ferchichi, M., Frère, J., Mabrouk, K., and Manai, M. 2001. Lactococcin MMFII, a novel class IIa bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis MMFII, isolated from a Tunisian dairy product. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 25:49.
79. Fernandez, C. F., Shahani, K. M., and Amer, M. A. 1988. Effect of nutrient media and bile salts on growth and antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3222.
80. Ferreira, C. L., and Gillialand, S. E. 1988. Bacteriocin involved in premature death of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM during growth at pH 6. J. Dairy Sci. 71:306.
81. Fleming, H. P., Etchells, J. L., and Costilow, R. N. 1975. Microbial inhibition by an isolate of Pediococcus from cucumber brines. Appl. Microbiol. 30:1040.
82. Fleury, Y., Dayem, M. A., Montagne, J. J., Chaboisseau, E., Le Caer, J. P., Nicolas, P., and Delfour, A. 1996. Covalent structure, synthesis, and structure-function studies of mesentericin Y10537, a defensive peptide from gram-positive bacteria Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J. Biol. Chem. 271:14421.
83. Foegeding, P. M., Thomas, A. B., Pilkington, D. H., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1992. Enhanced control of Listeria monocytogenes by in situ-produced pediocin during dry fermented sausage production. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:884.
84. Frankin, T. J., and Snow, G. A. 1975. Biochemistry of Antimicrobial Action. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
85. Ganzle, M. G., Hertel, C., and Hammes, W. P. 1999a. Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella against nisin and curvacin A. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 48:37.
86. Ganzle, M. G., Hertel, C., van der Vossen, J. M. B. M., and Hammes, W. P. 1999b. Effect of bacteriocinproducing lactobacilli on the survival of Escherichia coli and Listeria in a dynamic model of the stomach and small intestine. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 48:21.
87. Ganzle, M. G., Holtzel, A., Walter, J., Jung, G., and Hammes, W. P. 2000. Characterization of reutericyclin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri LTH2584. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:4325.
88. Garde, S., Rodriguez, E., Gaya, P., Medina, M., and Nunez, M. 2001. PCR detection of the structural genes of nisin Z and lacticin 481 in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis INIA 415, a strain isolated from raw milk Manchego cheese. Biotechnol. Lett. 23:85.
89. Geis, A., Singh, J., and Teuber, M. 1983. Potential of lactic streptococci to produce bacteriocin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:205.
90. Geissler, S., Götz, F., and Kupke, T. 1996. Serine protease EpiP from Staphylococcus epidermidis catalyzes the processing of the epidermin precursor peptide. J. Bacteriol. 178:284.
91. Gilliland, S. E., and Speck, M. L. 1977. Antagonistic action of Lactobacillus acidophilus toward intestinal and foodborne pathogens in associative culture. J. Food Prot. 40:820.
92. Gonzalez, C. F., and Kunka, B. S. 1987. Plasmid-associated bacteriocin production and sucrose fermentation in Pediococcus acidilactici. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:2534.
93. Gorris, L. G. M. 1997. Bacteriocins: potential applications in food preservation. In Food Preservation by Combined Processes. Final report, FLAIR Concerted Action No. 7 Subgroup B, UE, DGXII, pp. 79-86.
94. Graham, D. C., and McKay, L. L. 1985. Plasmid DNA in strains of Pediococcus cerevisiae and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50:532.
95. Gratia, A. 1925. C.R. Seanc. Soc. Biol. 93:1040, in Mayr-Harting et al. 1972.
96. Gratia, A., and Fredericq, P. 1946. C. R. Seanc. Soc. Biol. 140:1032, in Mayr-Harting et al. 1972.
97. Gravesen, A., Axelsen, A. M. J., da Silva, J. M., Hansen, T. B., and Knochel, S. 2002. Frequency of bacteriocin resistance development and associated fitness costs in Listeria monocytogenes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:756.
98. Grinstead, D. A., and Barefoot, S. F. 1992. Jenseniin G, a heat-stable bacteriocin produced by Propionibacterium jensenii P126. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:215.
99. Gross, E., and Morell, J. L. 1967. The presence of dehydroalanine in the antibiotic nisin and its relationship to activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89:2791.
100. Gross, E., Morell, J. L., and Craig, L. C. 1969. Dehydroalanyllysine: identical COOH-terminal structures in the peptide antibiotics nisin and subtilin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 62:952.
101. Guder, A., Wiedemann, I., and Sahl, H.-G. 2000. Post-translationally modified bacteriocins - the lantibiotics. Biopolymers 55:62.
102. Guyonnet, D., Fremaux, C., Cenatiempo, Y., and Berjeaud, J. M. 2000. Method for rapid purification of class IIa bacteriocins and comparison of their activities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:1744.
103. Hamdan, J. Y., and Mikolajcik, E. M. 1974. Acidolin: an antibiotic produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus. J. Antibiot. 27:631.
104. Hardy, K. G. 1975. Colicinogeny and related phenomena. Bacteriol. Rev. 39:464.
105. Harris, L. J., Daeschel, M. A., Stiles, M. E., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1989. Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria against Listeria monocytogenes. J. Food Prot. 52:384.
106. Hastings, J. W., Sailer, M., Johnson, K., Roy, K. L., Vederas, J. C., and Stiles, M. E. 1991. Characterization of leucocin A-UAL 187 and cloning of the bacteriocin gene from Leuconostoc gelidum. J. Bacteriol. 173:7491.
107. Hechard, Y., Dherbomez, M., Cenatiempo, Y., and Letellier, F. 1990. Antagonism of lactic acid bacteria from goat’s milk against pathogenic strains assessed by the “sandwich method.” Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 11:185.
108. Hechard, Y., Derijard, B., Letellier, F., and Cenatiempo, Y. 1992. Characterization and purification of mesentericin Y105, an anti-Listeria bacteriocin from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138:2725.
109. Heinemann, B., Voris, L., and Stumbo, C. R. 1965. Use of nisin in processed food products. Food Technol. 19:160.
110. Helander, I. M., von Wright, A., and Mattila-Sandholm, T.-M. 1997. Potential of lactic acid bacteria and novel antimicrobials against Gram-negative bacteria. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 8(5):146.
111. Henderson, J. T., Chopko, A. L., and van Wassenaar, P. D. 1992. Purification and primary structure of pediocin PA-1 produced by Pediococcus acidilactici PAC-1.0. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 295:5.
112. Herbin, S., Mathieu, F., Brule, F., Branlant, C., Lefebvre, G., and Lebrihi, A. 1997. Characteristics and genetic determinants of bacteriocin activities produced by Carnobacterium piscicola CP5 isolated from cheese. Curr. Microbiol. 35:319.
113. Holck, A. L., Axelsson, L., Birkeland, S., Aukrust, T., and Blom, H. 1992. Purification and amino acid sequence of sakacin A, a bacteriocin from Lactobacillus sake Lb706. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138:2715.
114. Holo, H., Nilssen, O., and Nes, I. F. 1991. Lactococcin A, a new bacteriocin from Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris: isolation and characterization of the protein and its gene. J. Bacteriol. 173:3879.
115. Hoover, D. G., Walsh, P. M., Kolaetis, K. M., and Daly, M. M. 1988. A bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus species associated with a 5.5-megadalton plasmid. J. Food Prot. 51:29.
116. Hoover, D. G., Dishart, K. J., and Hermes, M. A. 1989. Antagonistic effect of Pediococcus spp. against Listeria monocytogenes. Food Biotechnol. 3:183.
117. Horn, N., Martinez, M. I., Martinez, J. M., Hernandez, P. E., Gasson, M. J., Rodriguez, J. M., and Dodd, H. M. 1998. Production of pediocin PA-1 by Lactococcus lactis using the lactococcin A secretory apparatus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:818.
118. Horn, N., Martinez, M. I., Martinez, J. M., Hernandez, P. E., Gasson, M. J., Rodriguez, J. M., and Dodd, H. M. 1999. Enhanced production of pediocin PA-1 and coproduction of nisin and pediocin PA-1 by Lactococcus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:4443.
119. Hsieh, H., Paik, H., and Glatz, B. A. 1996. Improvement of detection and production of propionicin PLG-1, a bacteriocin produced by Propionibacterium thoenii. J. Food Protect. 59:734.
120. Hugas, M. 1998. Bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria for the biopreservation of meat and meat products. Meat Sci. 49(Suppl 1):S139.
121. Hugas, M., Pages, F., Garriga, M., and Monfort, J. M. 1998. Application of the bacteriogenic Lactobacillus sakei CTC494 to prevent growth of Listeria in fresh and cooked meat products packed with different atmospheres. Food Microbiol. 15:639.
122. Hughes, D. B., and Hoover, D. G. 1991. Bifidobacteria: their potential for use in American dairy products. Food Technol. 45:74.
123. Hurst, A. 1981. Nisin. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 27:85.
124. Ingram, L. C. 1969. Synthesis of the antibiotic nisin: formation of lanthionine and ß-methyl-lanthionine. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 184:216.
125. Ingram, L. C. 1970. A ribosomal mechanism of synthesis for peptides related to nisin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 224:263.
126. Jack, R. W., Tagg, J. R., and Ray, B. 1995. Bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 59:171.
127. Jack, R. W., Wan, J., Gordon, J., Harmark, K., Davidson, B. E., Hillier, A. J., Wettenhall, R. E. H., Hickey, M. W., and Coventry, M. J. 1996. Characterization of the chemical and antimicrobial properties of piscicolin 126, a bacteriocin produced by Carnobacterium piscicola JG126. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:2897.
128. Jacob, F., Lwoff, A., Siminovitch, L., and Wallman, E. 1953. Definition de quelques termes relatifs à la Pysogenie. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Paris 84:222.
129. James, R., Lazdunski, C., and Pattus, F. 1991. Bacteriocins, Micrococins and Lantibiotics. Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 519.
130. Janes, M. E., Nannapaneni, R., and Johnson, M. G. 1999. Identification and characterization of two bacteriocinproducing bacteria isolated from garlic and ginger root. J. Food Protect. 62:899.
131. Jao, Y. C., Mikolajcik, E. M., and Hansen, P. M. T. 1978. Growth of Bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicus in laboratory media supplemented with amino sugars and spent broth from Escherichia coli. J. Food Sci. 43:1257.
132. Jimenez-Diaz, R., Ruiz-Barba, J. L., Cathcart, D. P., Holo, H., Nes, I. F., Sletten, K. H., and Warner, P. J.Purification and partial amino acid sequence of plantaricin S, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum LPCO10, the activity of which depends on the complementary action of two peptides. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:4459.
133. Joerger, R. D., Hoover, D. G., Barefoot, S. F., Harmon, K. M., Grinstead, D. A., and Nettles-Cutter, C. G.Bacteriocins. In Encyclopedia of Microbiology, vol. 1, 2nd ed., Lederberg J., Ed., Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, pp. 383-397.
134. Joerger, M. C., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1986. Characterization and purification of helveticin J and evidence for a chromosomally determined bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus helveticus 481. J. Bacteriol. 167:439.
135. Johnsen, L., Fimland, G., Eijsink, V., and Nissen-Meyer, J. 2000. Engineering increased stability in the antimicrobial peptide pediocin PA-1. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:4798.
136. Joosten, H. M. L., and Nunez, M. 1996. Prevention of histamine formation in cheese by bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1178.
137. Joosten, H. M. L., Rodrieguez, E., and Nunez, M. 1997. PCR detection of sequences similar to the AS-48 structural gene in bacteriocin-producing enterococci. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 24:40.
138. Kabuki, T., Saito, T., Kawai, Y., Uemura, J., and Itoh, T. 1997. Production, purification and characterization of reutercin 6, a bacteriocin with lytic activity produced by Lactobacillus reuteri LA6. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 34:145.
139. Kekessy, D. A., and Piguet, J. D. 1970. New method for detecting bacteriocin production. Appl. Microbiol. 20:282.
140. Kellner, R., Jung, G., Horner, T., Zahner, H., Schnell, N., Entian, K.-D., and Götz, F. 1988. Gallidermin: a new lanthionine-containing polypeptide antibiotic. Eur. J. Biochem. 177:53.
141. Kiesau, P., Eikmanns, U., Gutowski-Eckel, Z., Weber, S., Hammelmann, M., and Entian, K.-D. 1997. Evidence for a multimeric subtilin synthetase complex. J. Bacteriol. 179:1475.
142. Klaenhammer, T. R. 1988. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria. Biochimie 70:337.
143. Klaenhammer, T. R. 1993. Genetics of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 12:39.
144. Klein, C., Kaletta, C., Schnell, N., Entian, K.-D. 1992. Analysis of genes involved in biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:132.
145. Klein, C., Kaletta, C., and Entian, K.-D. 1993. Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin is regulated by a histidine kinase/response regulator system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:296.
146. Klein, C., and Entian, K.-D. 1994. Genes involved in self-protection against the lantibiotic subtilin produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:2793.
147. Kodama, R. 1952. Studies on lactic acid bacteria. I. Lactolin, a new antibiotic substance produced by lactic acid bacteria. J. Antibiot. 5:72.
148. Kojic, M., Svircevic, J., Banina, A., and Topisirovic, L. 1991. Bacteriocin-producing strain of Lactococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis S50. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1835.
149. Konings, W. N., Kok, J., Kuipers, O. P., and Poolman, B. 2000. Lactic acid bacteria: the bugs of the new millennium. Curr. Opinion Microbiol. 3:276.
150. Konisky, J. 1982. Colicins and other bacteriocins with established modes of action. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 36:125.
151. Kozak. W., Bardowski, J., and Dobrzanski, W. T. 1978. Lactostrepcins - acid bacteriocins produced by lactic streptococci. J. Dairy Res. 45:247.
152. Krier, F., Revol-Junelles, A. M., and Germain, P. 1998. Influence of temperature and pH on production of two bacteriocins by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides FR52 during batch fermentation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50:359.
153. Kuipers, O. P., Beerthuyzen, M. M., de Ruyter, P. G. G. A., Luesink, E. J., and de Vos, W. M. 1995. Autoregulation of nisin biosynthesis in Lactococcus lactis by signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 270:27299.
154. Kuipers, O. P., de Ruyter, P. G. G. A., Kleerebezem, M., and de Vos, W. M. 1998. Quorum sensing-controlled gene expression in lactic acid bacteria. J. Biotechnol. 64:15.
155. Laemli, U. K., and Favre, M. 1973. Maturation of the head of bacteriophage T4. I. DNA packing events. J. Mol. Biol. 80:575.
156. Laukova, A., Czikkova, S., Laczkova, S., and Turek, P. 1999. Use of enterocin CCM 4231 to control Listeria monocytogenes in experimentally contaminated dry fermented Hornad salami. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 52:115.
157. Leer, R. J., van der Vossen, J. M. B. M., van Giezen, M., van Noort, J. M., and Pouwels, P. H. 1995. Genetic analysis of acidocin B, a novel bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Microbiol. 141:1629.
158. LeMarrec, C., Hyronimus, B., Bressollier, P., Verneuil, B., and Urdaci, M. C. 2000. Biochemical and genetic characterization of coagulin, a new antilisterial bacteriocin in the pediocin family of bacteriocins, produced by Bacillus coagulans I4. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:5213.
159. Leroy, F., and de Vuyst, L. 1999. The presence of salt and a curing agent reduces bacteriocin production by Lactobacillus sakei CTC 494, a potential starter culture for sausage fermentation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:5350.
160. Lewus, C. B., Kaiser, A., and Montville, T. J. 1991. Inhibition of foodborne bacterial pathogens by bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria isolated from meat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1683.
161. Lewus, C. B., Sun, S., and Montville, T. J. 1992. Production of an amylase-sensitive bacteriocin by an atypical Leuconostoc paramesenteroides. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:143.
162. Lindgren, S., and Clevstrom, G. 1978. Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria. II. Activity in vegetable silages, Indonesian fermented foods and starter cultures. Swed. J. Agric. Res. 8:67.
163. Luirink, J., Clark, D. M., Ras, J., Verschoor, E. J., Stegehuis, F., de Graaf, F. K., and Oudega, B. 1989. pCIoDF13-encoded bacteriocin release proteins with shortened carboxyl-terminal segments are lipid modified and processed and function in release of cloacin DF13 and apparent host cell lysis. J. Bacteriol. 171:2673.
164. Lucke, F. 2000. Utilization of microbes to process and preserve meat. Meat Sci. 56:105.
165. Lyon, W. J., and Glatz, B. A. 1991. Partial purification and characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Propionibacterium thoenii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:701.
166. Manca de Nadra, M. C., Sandino de Lamelas, D., and Strasser de Saad, A. M. 1998. Pediocin N5p from Pediococcus pentosaceus: adsorption on bacterial strains. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 39:79.
167. Mao, Y., Muriana, P. M., and Cousin, M. A. 2001. Purification and transpositional inactivation of lacticin FS92, a broad-spectrum bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis FS92. Food Microbiol. 18:165.
168. Martinez-Bueno, M., Maqueda, M., Galvez, A., Samyn, B., van Beeumen, J., Coyette, J., and Valdivia, E.Determination of the gene sequence and the molecular structure of the enterococcal peptide antibiotic AS-48. J. Bacteriol. 176:6334.
169. Marugg, J. D., Gonzalez, C. F., Kunka, B. S., Ledeboer, A. M., Pucci, M. J., Toonen, M. Y., Walker, S. A., Zoetmulder L. C., and Vandenbergh, P. A. 1992. Cloning, expression, and nucleotide sequence of genes involved in production of pediocin PA-1, and bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici PAC1.0. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:2360.
170. Mattick, A. T. R., and Hirsch, A. 1947. Further observation on an inhibitor (nisin) from lactic streptococci. Lancet 2:5.
171. Mayr-Harting, A., Hedges, A. J., and Berkeley, R. C. W. 1972. Methods for studying bacteriocins. In Methods in Microbiology, Vol. 7A, Norris, J. R., and Ribbons, D. W., Eds., Academic Press, New York, p. 315.
172. McAuliffe, O., Hill, C., and Ross, R. P. 1999. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes in cottage cheese manufactured with a lacticin 3147-producing starter culture. J. Appl. Microbiol. 86:251.
173. McAuliffe, O., Ross, R. P., and Hill, C. 2001. Lantibiotics: structure, biosynthesis and mode of action. FEMS Microbial. Rev. 25:285.
174. McAuliffe, O., Ryan, M. P., Ross, R. P., Hill, C., Breeuwer, P., and Abee, T. 1998. Lacticin 3147, a broadspectrum bacteriocin which selectively dissipates the membrane potential. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:439.
175. McCormick, E. L., and Savage, D. C. 1983. Characterization of Lactobacillus sp. strain 100-37 from the murine gastrointestinal tract: ecology, plasmid content, and antagonistic activity toward Clostridium rhamnosum H1. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46:1103.
176. Meghrous, J., Euloge, P., Junelles, A. M., Ballongue, J., and Petitdemanage, H. 1990. Screening of Bifidobacterium strains for bacteriocin production. Biotechnol. Lett. 12:575.
177. Mehta, A. M., Patel, K. A., and Dave, P. J. 1983. Isolation and purification of an inhibitory protein from Lactobacillus acidophilus AC. J. Microbiol. 37:37.
178. Metivier, A., Pilet, M.-F., Dousset, X., Sorokine, O., Anglade, P., Zagorec, M., Piard, J.-C., Marion, D., Cenatiempo, Y., and Fremaux, C. 1998. Divercin V41, a new bacteriocin with two disulphide bonds produced by Carnobacterium divergens V41: primary structure and genomic organization. Microbiol. 144: 2837.
179. Miller, K. W., Schamber, R., Osmanagaoglu, O., and Ray, B. 1998. Isolation and characterization of pediocin AcH chimeric protein mutants with altered bactericidal activity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:1997.
180. Moll, G. N., Konings, W. N., and Driessen, A. J. M. 1999. Bacteriocins: mechanism of membrane insertion and pore formation. Antonie Van Leeuwnhoek 76:185.
181. Morgan, S. M., Galvin, M., Kelly, J., Ross, R. P., and Hill, C. 1999. Development of a lacticin 3147-enriched whey powder with inhibitory activity against foodborne pathogens. J. Food Prot. 62:1011.
182. Montville, T. J., and Chen, Y. 1998. Mechanistic action of pediocin and nisin: recent progress and unresolved questions. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50:511.
183. Mortvedt, C. I., and Nes, I. F. 1990. Plasmid-associated bacteriocin production by a Lactobacillus sake strain. J. Gen. Microbiol. 136:1601.
184. Mortvedt, C. I., Nissen-Meyer, J., Sletten, K., and Nes, I. F. 1991. Purification and amino acid sequence of lactacin S, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake 1045. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1829.
185. Motlagh, A. M., Bhunia, A. K., Szostek, F., Hansen, T. R., Johnson, M. G., and Ray, B. 1992a. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence of pap-gene (pediocin AcH production) in Pediococcus acidilactici H. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 15:45.
186. Motlagh, A. M., Holla, S., Johnson, M. C., Ray, B., and Field, R. A. 1992b. Inhibition of Listeria spp. in sterile food systems by pediocin AcH, a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici H. J. Food Prot. 55:337.
187. Mugochi, T., Nandakumar, M. P., Zvauya, R., and Mattiasson, B. 2001. Bioassay for the rapid detection of bacteriocins in fermentation broth. Biotechnol. Lett. 23:1243.
188. Mulders, J. W. M., Boerrigter, I. J., Rollema, H. S., Siezen, R. J., de Vos, W. M. 1991. Identification and characterization of the lantibiotic nisin Z, a structural nisin variant. Eur. J. Biochem. 201:581.
189. Muriana, P. M., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1987. Conjugal transfer of plasmid-encoded determinants for bacteriocin production and immunity in Lactobacillus acidophilus 88. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:553.
190. Muriana, P. M., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1991a. Purification and partial characterization of lactacin F, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus 11088. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:114.
191. Muriana, P. M., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1991b. Cloning, phenotypic expression, and DNA sequence of the gene for lactacin F, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactobacillus spp. J. Bacteriol. 173:1779.
192. Nes, I. F., Diep, D. B., Havarstein, L. S., Brurberg, M. B., Eijsink, V., and Holo, H. 1996. Biosynthesis of bacteriocins in lactic acid bacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 70:113.
193. Nes, I. F., and Holo, H. 2000. Class II antimicrobial peptides from lactic acid bacteria. Biopolymers 55:50.
194. Neve, H., Geis, A., and Teuber, M. 1984. Conjugal transfer and characterization of bacteriocin plasmids in group N (lactic acid) streptococci. J. Bacteriol. 157:833.
195. Nielsen, J. W., Dickson, J. S., and Crouse, J. D. 1990. Use of a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici to inhibit Listeria monocytogenes associated with fresh meat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:2142.
196. Nieto-Lozano, J. C., Meyer, J. N., Sletten, K., Peláz, C., and Nes, I. F. 1992. Purification and amino acid sequence of a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus acidilactici. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138:1985.
197. Nissen-Meyer, J., Holo, H., Håvarstein, L. S., Sletten, K., and Nes, I. F. 1992. A novel lactococcal bacteriocin whose activity depends on the complementary action of two peptides J. Bacteriol. 174:5686.
198. Nissen-Meyer, J., Granly Larsen, A., Sletten, K., Daeschel, M., and Nes, I. F. 1993a. Purification and characterization of plantaricin A, a Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriocin whose activity depends on the action of two peptides. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139:1973.
199. Nissen-Meyer, J., Havarstein, L. S., Holo, H., Sletten, K., and Nes, I. F. 1993b. Association of the lactococcin A immunity factor with the cell membrane: purification and characterization of the immunity factor. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139:1503.
200. Okereke, A., and Montville, T. J. 1991. Bacteriocin inhibition of Clostridium botulinum spores by lactic acid bacteria. J. Food Prot. 54:349.
201. Orberg, P. K., and Sandine, W. E. 1984. Common occurrence of plasmid DNA and vancomycin resistance in Leuconostoc spp. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48:1129.
202. Oxford, A. E. 1944. Diplococcin, an antibacterial protein elaborated by certain milk streptococci. Biochem. J. 38:178.
203. Palmeri, A., Pepe, I. M., Rolandi, R., Pagani, S., and Morelli, A. 1999. Ion permeability induced by bacteriocins of Lactobacillus acidophilus M247 on artificial membranes. Materials Sci. Eng. C8-9:539.
204. Papathanasopoulos, M. A., Krier, F., Revol-Junelles, A. M., Lefebvre, G., Le Caer, J. P., von Holy, A., and Hastings, J. W. 1997. Multiple bacteriocin production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides TA33a and other Leuconostoc/Weissella strains. Curr. Microbiol. 35:331.
205. Parente, E., Brienza, C., Moles, M., and Ricciardi, A. 1995. A comparison of methods for the measurement of bacteriocin activity. J. Microbiol. Meth. 22:95.
206. Parente, E., Giglio, M. A., Ricciardi, A., and Clementi, F. 1998. The combined effect of nisin, leucocin F10, pH, NaCl and EDTA on the survival of Listeria monocytogenes in broth. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 40:65.
207. Parente, E., and Ricciardi, A. 1999. Production, recovery and purification of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 52:628.
208. Parkinson, J. S. 1993. Signal transduction schemes of bacteria. Cell 73:857.
209. Peschel, A., and Gotz, F. 1996. Analysis of the Staphylococcus epidermidis genes epi F, -E, and -G involved in epidermin immunity. J. Bacteriol. 178:531.
210. Piard, J. C., Muriana, P. M., Desmazeaud, P. J., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1992. Purification and partial characterization of lacticin 481, a lanthionine-containing bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis CNRZ 481. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:279.
211. Piard, J. C., Kuipers, O. P., Rollema, H. S., Desmazeuad, M. J., and de Vos, W. M. 1993. Structure, organization and expression of the lct gene for lacticin 481, a novel lantibiotic produced by Lactococcus lactis. J. Biol. Chem. 268:16361.
212. Piddock, L. J. V. 1990. Techniques used for the determination of antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity in bacteria. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 68:307.
213. Pleasants, A. B., Soboleva, T. K., Dykes, G. A., Jones, R. J., and Filippov, A. E. 2001. Modeling of the growth of populations of Listeria monocytogenes and a bacteriocin-producing strain of Lactobacillus in pure and mixed cultures. Food Microbiol. 18:605.
214. Pucci, M. J., Vedamuthu, E. R., Kunka, B. S., and Vandenburgh, P. A. 1988. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by using bacteriocin PA-I produced by Pediococcus acidilactici PAC 1.0. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54:2349.
215. Pugsley, A. P. 1984. The ins and outs of colicins. I. Production and translocation across membranes. Microbiol. Sci. 1:168.
216. Pulusani, S. R., Rao, D. R., and Sunki, G. R. 1979. Antimicrobial activity of lactic cultures: partial purification and characterization of antimicrobial compound(s) produced by Streptococcus thermophilus. J. Food Sci. 44:575.
217. Quadri, L. E. N., Kleerebezem, M., Kuipers, O. P., de Vos W. M., Roy, K. L., Vederas, J. C., and Stiles, M. E.Characterization of a locus from Carnobacterium piscicola LV17B involved in bacteriocin production and immunity: evidence for global inducer-mediated transcriptional regulation. J. Bacteriol. 179:6163.
218. Raccach, M., McGrath, R., and Daftarian, H. 1989. Antibiosis of some lactic acid bacteria including Lactobacillus acidophilus toward Listeria monocytogenes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 9:25.
219. Rammelsberg, M., and Radler, F. 1990. Antibacterial polypeptides of Lactobacillus species. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 69:177.
220. Rauch, P. J. G., and de Vos, W. M. 1992. Characterization of the novel nisin-sucrose conjugative transposon Tn5276 and its insertion in Lactococcus lactis. J. Bacteriol. 174:1280.
221. Ray, S. K., Kim, W. J., Johnson, M. C., and Ray, B. 1989a. Conjugal transfer of a plasmid encoding bacteriocin production and immunity in Pediococcus acidilactici H. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 66:393.
222. Ray, S. K., Johnson, M. C., and Ray, B. 1989b. Bacteriocin plasmids of Pediococcus acidilactici. J. Microbiol. 4:163.
223. Reddy, N. S., and Ranganathan, B. 1983. Preliminary studies on antimicrobial activity of Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis. J. Food Prot. 46:222.
224. Reddy, G. V., Shahani, K. M., Friend, B. A., and Chandan, R. C. 1983. Natural antibiotic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus and bulgaricus.111: Production and partial purification of bulgarican from Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Cult. Dairy Prod. J. 18:15.
225. Reeves, P. R. 1972. The Bacteriocins. Springer-Verlag, New York.
226. Reis, M., Eschbach-Bludau, M., Iglesias-Wind, M. I., Kupke, T., and Sahl, H.-G. 1994. Producer immunity towards the lantibiotic Pep5: identification of the immunity gene pepI and localization and functional analysis of its gene product. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:2876.
227. Revol-Junelles, A. M., and Lefebvre, G. 1996. Purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence of dextranicin 24, a bacteriocin of Leuconostoc sp. Curr. Microbiol. 33:136.
228. Revol-Junelles, A. M., Mathis, R., Krier, F., Fleury, Y., Delfour, A., and Lefebvre, G. 1996. Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroidies FR52 synthesizes two distinct bacteriocins. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 23:120.
229. Riley, M. A. 1998. Molecular mechanisms of bacteriocin evolution. Annu. Rev. Genet. 32:255.
230. Rince, A., Dufour, A., Uguen, P., Le Pennec, J.-P., and Haras, D. 1997. Characterization of the lacticin 481 operon: the Lactococcus lactis genes lctF, lctE, and lctG encode a putative ABC transporter involved in bacteriocin immunity. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4252.
231. Rodriguez, J. M., Cintas, L. M., Casaus, P., Suarez, A., and Hernandez, P. E. 1995. PCR detection of the lactocin S structural gene in bacteriocin-producing lactobacilli from meat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2802.
232. Rodriguez, E., Gonzalez, B., Gaya, P., Nunez, M., and Medina, M. 2000. Diversity of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw milk. Int. Dairy J. 10:7.
233. Rodriguez, E., Martinez, M. I., Medina, M., Hernandez, P. E., and Rodriguez, J. M. 1998. Detection of enterocin AS-48-producing dairy enterococci by dot-blot and colony hybridization. J. Dairy Res. 65:143.
234. Rogers, L. A., and Whittier, E. O. 1928. Limiting factors in lactic fermentation. J. Bacteriol. 16:211.
235. Rollema, H. S., Kuipers, O. P., Both, P., de Vos, W. M., and Siezen, R. J. 1995. Improvement of solubility and stability of the antimicrobial peptide nisin by protein engineering. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:2873.
236. Roller, S. 1995. The quest for natural antimicrobials as novel means of food preservation: status report on a European research project. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 95:333.
237. Rose, N. L., Sporns, P., and McMullen, L. M. 1999. Detection of bacteriocins by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:2238.
238. Ross, R. P., Galvin, M., McAuliffe, O., Morgan, S. M., Ryan, M. P., Twomey, D. P., Meaney, W. J., and Hill, C. 1999. Developing applications for lactococcal bacteriocins. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 76:337.
239. Ross, R. P., Stanton, C., Hill, C., Fitzgerald, G. F., and Coffey, A. 2000. Novel cultures for cheese improvement. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 11:96.
240. Sabine, D. B. 1963. An antibiotic-like effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Nature (Lond.) 199:811.
241. Sablon, E., Contreras, B., and Vandamme, E. 2000. Antimicrobial peptides of lactic acid bacteria: mode of action, genetics and biosynthesis. Adv. Biochem. Engin./Biotechnol. 68:21.
242. Sahl, H. G., and Bierbaum, G. 1998. Lantibiotics: biosynthesis and biological activities of uniquely modified peptides from Gram-positive bacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 52:41.
243. Sahl, H. G., Jack, R. W., and Bierbaum, G. 1995. Biosynthesis and biological activities of lantibiotics with unique posttranslational modifications. Eur. J. Biochem. 230:827.
244. Saris, P. E. J., Immonen, T., Reis, M., and Sahl, H.-G. 1996. Immunity to lantibiotics. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69:151.
245. Saucier, L., and Greer, G. G. 2001. Description of a simple detection assay for in situ production of bacteriocin on meat. J. Food Prot. 64:264.
246. Scanell, A. G. M., Hill, C., Buckley, D. J., and Arendt, E. K. 1997. Determination of the influence of organic acids and nisin on shelf-life and microbiological safety aspects of fresh pork. J. Appl. Microbiol. 83:407.
247. Scanell, A. G. M., Hill, C., Ross, R. P., Marx, S., Hartmeier, W., and Arendt, E. K. 2000. Development of bioactive food packaging materials using immobilized bacteriocins lacticin 3147 and Nisaplin. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 60:241.
248. Scherwitz, K. M., Baldwin, K. A., and McKay, L. L. 1983. Plasmid linkage of a bacteriocin-like substance in Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis strain WM4: transferability to Streptococcus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:1506.
249. Scherwitz-Harmon, K., and McKay, L. L. 1987. Restriction enzyme analysis of lactose and bacteriocin plasmids from Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis WM, and cloning of Bc1I fragments coding for bacteriocin production. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:1171.
250. Schillinger, U., and Lucke, F. K. 1989. Antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus sake isolated from meat. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:1901.
251. Schnell, N., Engelke, G., Augustin, J., Rosenstein, R., Ungermann, V., Götz, F., and Entian, K.-D.1992. Analysis of genes involved in the biosynthesis of lantibiotic epidermin. Eur. J. Biochem. 204:57.
252. Shahani, K. M., Vakil, J. R., and Kilara, A. 1977. Natural antibiotic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus and bulgaricus. Z. Isolation of acidophilin from L. acidophilus. Cult. Dairy Prod. J. 12:8.
253. Shefet, S. M., Sheldon, B. W., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1995. Efficacy of optimized nisin-based treatments to inhibit Salmonella typhimurium and extend shelf life of broiler carcasses. J. Food Prot. 58:1077.
254. Siegers, K., and Entian, K.-D. 1995. Genes involved in immunity to the lantibiotic nisin produced by Lactococcus lactis 6F3. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1082.
255. Siegers, K., Heinzmann, S., and Entian, K.-D. 1996. Biosynthesis of lantibiotic nisin: post-translational modification of its prepeptide occurs at a mutimeric membrane-associated lanthionine synthetase complex. J. Biol. Chem. 271:12294.
256. Skaugen, M., Abildgaard, C. I. M., and Nes, I. F. 1997. Organization and expression of a gene cluster involved in the biosynthesis of the lantibiotic lactocin S. Mol. Gen. Genet. 253:674.
257. Spelhaug, S. R., and Harlander, S. K. 1989. Inhibition of foodborne bacterial pathogens by bacteriocins from Lactococcus lactis and Pediococcus pentosaceus. J. Food Prot. 52:856.
258. Stevens, K. A., Sheldon, B. W., Klapes, N. A., and Klaenhammer, T. R. 1991. Nisin treatment for inactivation of Salmonella species and other Gram-negative bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:3612.
259. Stiles, M. E. 1996. Biopreservation by lactic acid bacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 70:331.
260. Stiles, M. E., and Holzapfel, W. H. 1997. Lactic acid bacteria of foods and their current taxonomy. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 36:1.
261. Stock, J. B., Ninfa, A. J., and Stock, A. M. 1989. Protein phosphorylation and regulation of adaptive responses in bacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 53:450.
262. Stoddard, G. W., Petzel, J. P., van Belkum, M. J., Kok. J., and McKay, L. L. 1992. Molecular analyses of the lactococcin A gene cluster from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis WM4. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:1952.
263. Stoffels, G., Nissen-Meyer, J., Gudmundsdottir, A., Sletten, K., Holo, H., and Nes, I. F. 1992. Purification and characterization of a new bacteriocin isolated from a Carnobacterium sp. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:1417.
264. Stoffels, G., Gudmundsdottir, A., and Abee, T. 1994. Membrane-associated proteins encoded by the nisin gene cluster may function as a receptor for the lantibiotic carnocin UI49. Microbiology 140:1443.
265. Suma, K., Misra, M. C., and Varadaraj, M. C. 1998. Plantaricin LP84, a broad spectrum heat-stable bacteriocin of Lactobacillus plantarum NCIM 2084 produced in a simple glucose broth medium. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 40:17.
266. Tagg, J. R., Dajani, A. S., and Wannamaker, L. W. 1976. Bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria. Bacteriol. Rev. 40:722.
267. Tichaczek, P. S., Nissen-Meyer, J., Nes, I. F., Vogel, R. F., and Hammes, W. P. 1992. Characterization of the bacteriocins curvacin A from Lactobacillus curvatus LTH1174 and sakacin P from L. sake LTH673. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 15:460.
268. Tsai, H.-J., and Sandine, W. E. 1987. Conjugal transfer of nisin plasmid gene from Streptococcus lactis 7962 to Leuconostoc dextranicum 181. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:352.
269. Turner, D. L., Brennan, L., Meyer, H. E., Lohaus, C., Siethoff, C., Costa, H. S., Gonzalez, B., Santos, H., and Suarez, J. E. 1999. Solution structure of plantaricin C, a novel lantibiotic. Eur. J. Biochem. 264:833.
270. Uguen, P., Le Pennec, J. P., and Dufour, A. 2000. Lantibiotic biosynthesis: interactions between prelacticin and its putative modification enzyme, LctM. J. Bacteriol. 182:5262.
271. Upreti, G. C., and Hinsdill, R. D. 1973. Isolation and characterization of a bacteriocin from a homofermentative Lactobacillus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 4:487.
272. Upreti, G. C., and Hinsdill, R. D. 1975. Production and mode of action of lactocin 27: bacteriocin from homofermentative Lactobacillus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 7:145.
273. van Belkum, M. J., Hayema, B. J., Geis, A., Kok, J., and Venema, G. 1991. Organization and nucleotide sequences of two lactococcal bacteriocin operons. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:492.
274. van Belkum, M. J., Kok, J., and Venema, G. 1992. Cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli of lcnB, a third bacteriocin determinant from the lactococcal bacteriocin plasmid p9B4-6. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:572.
275. van Belkum, M. J., Worobo, R. W., and Stiles, M. E. 1997. Double-glycine-type leader peptides direct secretion of bacteriocins by ABC transporters: colicin V secretion in Lactococcus lactis. Mol. Microbiol. 23:1293.
276. van der Meer, J. R., Polman, J., Beerthuyzen, M. M., Siezen, R. J., Kuipers, O. P., de Vos, W. M. 1993. Characterization of the Lactococcus lactis nisin A operon genes nisP, encoding a subtilisin-like serine protease involved in precursor processing, and nisR, encoding a regulatory protein involved in nisin biosynthesis. J. Bacteriol. 175:2578.
277. van der Meer, J. R., Rollema, H. S., Siezen, R. J., Beerthuyzen, M. M., Kuipers, O. P., and de Vos, W. M. 1994. Influence of amino acid substitutions in the nisin leader peptide on biosynthesis and secretion of nisin by Lactococcus lactis. J. Biol. Chem. 269:3555.
278. van Kraaij, C., de Vos, W. M., Siezen, R. J., and Kuipers, O. P. 1999. Lantibiotics: biosynthesis, mode of action and applications. Nat. Prod. Rep. 16:575.
279. Vaughan, E. E., Daly, C., and Fitzgerald, G. F. 1992. Identification and characterization of helveticin V-1829, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus helveticus 1829. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 73:299.
280. Venema, K., Haverkort, R.E., Abee, T., Haandrikman, A. J., Leenhouts, K. J., de Leij, L., Venema, G., and Kok, J. 1994. Mode of action of LciA, the lactococcin A immunity protein. Mol. Microbiol. 14:521.
281. Venema, K., Kok, J., Marugg, J. D., Toonen, M. Y. Ledeboer, A. M., Venema, G., and Chikindas, M. L. 1995a. Functional analysis of the pediocin operon of Pediococcus acidilactici PAC 1.0: PedB is the immunity protein and PedD is the precursor processing enzyme. Mol. Microbiol. 17:515.
282. Venema, K., Venema, G., and Kok, J. 1995b. Lactococcins: mode of action, immunity and secretion. Int. Dairy J. 5:815.
283. Venema, K., Venema, G., and Kok, J. 1995c. Lactococcal bacteriocins: mode of action and immunity. Trends Microbiol. 3:299.
284. Vignolo, G., Fadda, S., de Kairuz, M. N., de Holgado, A. P., and Oliver, G. 1998. Effects of curing additives on the control of Listeria monocytogenes by lactocin 705 in meat slurry. Food Microbiol. 15:259.
285. Vincent, J. G., Veomett, R. C., and Riley, R. F. 1959. Antibacterial activity associated with Lactobacillus acidophilus. J. Bacteriol. 78:477.
286. Wachsman, M. B., Farias, M. E., Takeda, E., Sesma, F., Holgado, A. P., de Torres, R. A., and Coto, C. E. 1999. Antiviral activity of enterocin CRL35 against herpesviruses. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 12:293.
287. West, C. A., and Warner, P. J. 1988. Plantacin B, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum NCDO 1193. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 49:163.
288. Wheater, D. M., Hirsch, A., and Mattick, A. T. R. 1952. Possible identity of “lactobacillin” with hydrogen peroxide produced by lactobacilli. Nature (Lond.) 170:623.
289. Whitehead, H. R. 1933. A substance inhibiting bacterial growth, produced by certain strains of lactic streptococci. Biochem. J. 27:1793.
290. Whitehead, H. R., and Riddet, W. 1933. Slow development of acidity in cheese manufacture. Investigation of a typical case of “non-acid” milk. N. Z. J. Agric. 46:225.
291. Worobo, R. W., Henkel, T., Sailer, M., Roy, K. L., Vederas, J. C., and Stiles, M. E. 1994. Characteristics and genetic determinant of a hydrophobic peptide bacteriocin, carnobacteriocin A, produced by Carnobacterium piscicola LV 17A. Microbiology 140:517.
292. Worobo, R. W., VanBelkum, M. J., Sailer, M., Roy, K. L., Vederas, J. C., and Stiles, M. E. 1995. A signal peptide secretion-dependent bacteriocin from Carnobacterium divergens. J. Bacteriol. 177:3143.
293. Yang, R., and Ray, B. 1994. Factors influencing production of bacteriocins by lactic acid bacteria. Food Microbiol. 11:281.
294. Yildirim, Z., and Johnson, M. G. 1998. Characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of bifidocin B, a bacteriocin produced by Bifidobacterium bifidum NCFB 1454. J. Food Prot. 61:47.
295. Zajdel, J. K., Ceglowski, P., and Dobrzanski, W. T. 1985. Mechanism of action of lactostrepcin 5, a bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus cremoris 202. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 49:969.
296. Zajdel, J. K., and Dobrzanski, W. T. 1983. Isolation and preliminary characterization of Streptococcus cremoris strain 202 bacteriocin. Acta Microbiol. Polon. 32:119.