Novel promising therapeutics against chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease

Neurochemistry International

Volumn 95, Issue , 2016, Pages 63-74

  Venigalla, Madhuri ^a   Sonego, Sandra ^a   Gyengesi, Erika ^a   Sharman, Matthew J ^c   Münch, Gerald ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Apigenin; Curcumin; Fish oil; Green tea; Lipoic acid; Neuroinflammation

Indexed keywords

APIGENIN; CHAMOMILE; CURCUMIN; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; PEPPERMINT; RESVERATROL; THIOCTIC ACID; ANTIOXIDANT; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; FISH OIL; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; STILBENE DERIVATIVE;

ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; AYURVEDA; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN CELL; BRAIN REGION; CAMELLIA SINENSIS; CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIAL CELL; COGNITION; CURCUMA LONGA; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DIARRHEA; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETARY INTAKE; DOWN REGULATION; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; ELIMINATION HALF-LIFE; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LUNG ALVEOLUS MACROPHAGE; MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; MEMORY DISORDER; MINI MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; MORRIS WATER MAZE TEST; NERVE DEGENERATION; NERVOUS SYSTEM INFLAMMATION; NEUROPROTECTION; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PEANUT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); TEA; TIME TO MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; UPREGULATION; ANIMAL; CHRONIC DISEASE; DRUG EFFECTS; INFLAMMATION; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLE; PATHOLOGY; PROCEDURES;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANIMALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; CHRONIC DISEASE; CURCUMIN; FISH OILS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; STILBENES;

EID: 84949032359     PISSN: 01970186     EISSN: 18729754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.10.011     Document Type: Review

References (146)

1. Y. Abe, S. Hashimoto, and T. Horie Curcumin inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production by human peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages Pharmacol. Res. Off. J. Italian Pharmacol. Soc. 39 1999 41 47
2. Y.M. Arends, C. Duyckaerts, J.M. Rozemuller, P. Eikelenboom, and J.J. Hauw Microglia, amyloid and dementia in alzheimer disease. A correlative study Neurobiol. Aging 21 2000 39 47
3. P. Barberger-Gateau, L. Letenneur, V. Deschamps, K. Peres, J.F. Dartigues, and S. Renaud Fish, meat, and risk of dementia: cohort study BMJ 325 2002 932 933
4. L. Baum, C.W. Lam, S.K. Cheung, T. Kwok, V. Lui, J. Tsoh, L. Lam, V. Leung, E. Hui, C. Ng, J. Woo, H.F. Chiu, W.B. Goggins, B.C. Zee, K.F. Cheng, C.Y. Fong, A. Wong, H. Mok, M.S. Chow, P.C. Ho, S.P. Ip, C.S. Ho, X.W. Yu, C.Y. Lai, M.H. Chan, S. Szeto, I.H. Chan, and V. Mok Six-month randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot clinical trial of curcumin in patients with Alzheimer disease J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 28 2008 110 113
5. A.C. Bharti, N. Donato, and B.B. Aggarwal Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) inhibits constitutive and IL-6-inducible STAT3 phosphorylation in human multiple myeloma cells J. Immunol. 171 2003 3863 3871
6. G.P. Biewenga, G.R. Haenen, and A. Bast The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid General Pharmacol. 29 1997 315 331
7. S. Borgwardt, F. Hammann, K. Scheffler, M. Kreuter, J. Drewe, and C. Beglinger Neural effects of green tea extract on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 66 2012 1187 1192
8. J. Bradbury Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): an ancient nutrient for the modern human brain Nutrients 3 2011 529 554
9. N. Braidy, R. Grant, S. Adams, and G.J. Guillemin Neuroprotective effects of naturally occurring polyphenols on quinolinic acid-induced excitotoxicity in human neurons FEBS J. 277 2010 368 382
10. J. Burns, T. Yokota, H. Ashihara, M.E. Lean, and A. Crozier Plant foods and herbal sources of resveratrol J. Agric. Food Chem. 50 2002 3337 3340
11. Z. Cai, M.D. Hussain, and L.J. Yan Microglia, neuroinflammation, and beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer's disease Int. J. Neurosci. 124 2014 307 321
12. F. Calon, G.P. Lim, F. Yang, T. Morihara, B. Teter, O. Ubeda, P. Rostaing, A. Triller, N. Salem Jr., K.H. Ashe, S.A. Frautschy, and G.M. Cole Docosahexaenoic acid protects from dendritic pathology in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model Neuron 43 2004 633 645
13. H. Capiralla, V. Vingtdeux, H. Zhao, R. Sankowski, Y. Al-Abed, P. Davies, and P. Marambaud Resveratrol mitigates lipopolysaccharide- and Abeta-mediated microglial inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-kappaB/STAT signaling cascade J. Neurochem. 120 2012 461 472
14. D.A. Carlson, A.R. Smith, S.J. Fischer, K.L. Young, and L. Packer The plasma pharmacokinetics of R-(+)-lipoic acid administered as sodium R-(+)-lipoate to healthy human subjects Altern. Med. Rev. 12 2007 343 351
15. M.A. Castello, J.D. Jeppson, and S. Soriano Moving beyond anti-amyloid therapy for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease BMC Neurol. 14 2014 169
16. D. Chandler, A. Woldu, A. Rahmadi, K. Shanmugam, N. Steiner, E. Wright, O. Benavente-Garcia, O. Schulz, J. Castillo, and G. Münch Effects of plant-derived polyphenols on TNF-alpha and nitric oxide production induced by advanced glycation endproducts Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 54 Suppl. 2 2010 S141 S150
17. C.C. Chiu, K.P. Su, T.C. Cheng, H.C. Liu, C.J. Chang, M.E. Dewey, R. Stewart, and S.Y. Huang The effects of omega-3 fatty acids monotherapy in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a preliminary randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Prog. Neuro Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 32 2008 1538 1544
18. A.Y. Choi, J.H. Choi, J.Y. Lee, K.S. Yoon, W. Choe, J. Ha, E.J. Yeo, and I. Kang Apigenin protects HT22 murine hippocampal neuronal cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis Neurochem. Int. 57 2010 143 152
19. J.S. Choi, M.N. Islam, M.Y. Ali, E.J. Kim, Y.M. Kim, and H.A. Jung Effects of C-glycosylation on anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer's disease and anti-inflammatory potential of apigenin Food Chem. Toxicol. 64 2014 27 33
20. Y.T. Choi, C.H. Jung, S.R. Lee, J.H. Bae, W.K. Baek, M.H. Suh, J. Park, C.W. Park, and S.I. Suh The green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate attenuates beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons Life Sci. 70 2001 603 614
21. G.M. Cole, B. Teter, and S.A. Frautschy Neuroprotective effects of curcumin Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 595 2007 197 212
22. S. Cote, P.H. Carmichael, R. Verreault, J. Lindsay, J. Lefebvre, and D. Laurin Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's Dementia J. Alzheimer's Assoc. 8 2012 219 226
23. C.H. Cottart, V. Nivet-Antoine, and J.L. Beaudeux Review of recent data on the metabolism, biological effects, and toxicity of resveratrol in humans Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 58 2014 7 21
24. K.H. Cox, A. Pipingas, and A.B. Scholey Investigation of the effects of solid lipid curcumin on cognition and mood in a healthy older population J. Psychopharmacol. 29 2015 642 651
25. S. Das, and D.K. Das Anti-inflammatory responses of resveratrol Inflamm. Allergy Drug Targets 6 2007 168 173
26. W. Dong, D. Gao, H. Lin, X. Zhang, N. Li, and F. Li New insights into mechanism for the effect of resveratrol preconditioning against cerebral ischemic stroke: possible role of matrix metalloprotease-9 Med. Hypotheses 70 2008 52 55
27. N.S. Elsisi, S. Darling-Reed, E.Y. Lee, E.T. Oriaku, and K.F. Soliman Ibuprofen and apigenin induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in activated microglia Neurosci. Lett. 375 2005 91 96
28. L. Fang, S. Gou, X. Fang, L. Cheng, and C. Fleck Current progresses of novel natural products and their derivatives/analogs as anti-Alzheimer candidates: an update Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 13 2013 870 887
29. L. Fang, S. Gou, X. Liu, F. Cao, and L. Cheng Design, synthesis and anti-Alzheimer properties of dimethylaminomethyl-substituted curcumin derivatives Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 24 2014 40 43
30. A. Fava, D. Pirritano, M. Plastino, D. Cristiano, G. Puccio, C. Colica, C. Ermio, M. De Bartolo, G. Mauro, and D. Bosco The effect of lipoic acid therapy on cognitive functioning in patients with Alzheimer's disease J. Neurodegener. Dis. 2013 2013 1 7
31. W.Y. Feng Metabolism of green tea catechins: an overview Curr. Drug Metab. 7 2006 755 809
32. X. Feng, N. Liang, D. Zhu, Q. Gao, L. Peng, H. Dong, Q. Yue, H. Liu, L. Bao, J. Zhang, J. Hao, Y. Gao, X. Yu, and J. Sun Resveratrol inhibits beta-amyloid-induced neuronal apoptosis through regulation of SIRT1-ROCK1 signaling pathway PLoS One 8 2013 e59888
33. S. Florent, C. Malaplate-Armand, I. Youssef, B. Kriem, V. Koziel, M.C. Escanye, A. Fifre, I. Sponne, B. Leininger-Muller, J.L. Olivier, T. Pillot, and T. Oster Docosahexaenoic acid prevents neuronal apoptosis induced by soluble amyloid-beta oligomers J. Neurochem. 96 2006 385 395
34. T.S. Foster Efficacy and safety of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in the treatment of symptomatic diabetic neuropathy Diabetes Educ. 33 2007 111 117
35. Y. Freund-Levi, M. Eriksdotter-Jonhagen, T. Cederholm, H. Basun, G. Faxen-Irving, A. Garlind, I. Vedin, B. Vessby, L.O. Wahlund, and J. Palmblad Omega-3 fatty acid treatment in 174 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: OmegAD study: a randomized double-blind trial Archives Neurol. 63 2006 1402 1408
36. S. Gardener, Y. Gu, S.R. Rainey-Smith, J.B. Keogh, P.M. Clifton, S.L. Mathieson, K. Taddei, A. Mondal, V.K. Ward, N. Scarmeas, M. Barnes, K.A. Ellis, R. Head, C.L. Masters, D. Ames, S.L. Macaulay, C.C. Rowe, C. Szoeke, and R.N. Martins Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and Alzheimer's disease risk in an Australian population Transl. Psychiatry 2 2012 e164
37. A.J. Gauci, M. Caruana, A. Giese, C. Scerri, and N. Vassallo Identification of polyphenolic compounds and black tea extract as potent inhibitors of lipid membrane destabilization by Abeta(4)(2) aggregates J. Alzheimers Dis. 27 2011 767 779
38. V.S. Gota, G.B. Maru, T.G. Soni, T.R. Gandhi, N. Kochar, and M.G. Agarwal Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers J. Agric. Food Chem. 58 2010 2095 2099
39. H. Guo, S. Kong, W. Chen, Z. Dai, T. Lin, J. Su, S. Li, Q. Xie, Z. Su, Y. Xu, and X. Lai Apigenin mediated protection of OGD-evoked neuron-like injury in differentiated PC12 cells Neurochem. Res. 39 2014 2197 2210
40. S. Gupta, F. Afaq, and H. Mukhtar Selective growth-inhibitory, cell-cycle deregulatory and apoptotic response of apigenin in normal versus human prostate carcinoma cells Biochem. Biophysical Res. Commun. 287 2001 914 920
41. S.K. Ha, P. Lee, J.A. Park, H.R. Oh, S.Y. Lee, J.H. Park, E.H. Lee, J.H. Ryu, K.R. Lee, and S.Y. Kim Apigenin inhibits the production of NO and PGE2 in microglia and inhibits neuronal cell death in a middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal ischemia mice model Neurochem. Int. 52 2008 878 886
42. K. Hager, M. Kenklies, J. McAfoose, J. Engel, and G. Münch Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer's disease-a 48 months follow-up analysis J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 2007 189 193
43. K. Hager, A. Marahrens, M. Kenklies, P. Riederer, and G. Münch Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer type dementia Archives Gerontol. Geriatrics 32 2001 275 282
44. J.Y. Han, S.Y. Ahn, C.S. Kim, S.K. Yoo, S.K. Kim, H.C. Kim, J.T. Hong, and K.W. Oh Protection of apigenin against kainate-induced excitotoxicity by anti-oxidative effects Biol. Pharm. Bull. 35 2012 1440 1446
45. E. Hansen, M. Krautwald, A.E. Maczurek, G. Stuchbury, P. Fromm, M. Steele, O. Schulz, O.B. Garcia, J. Castillo, H. Korner, and G. Münch A versatile high throughput screening system for the simultaneous identification of anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective compounds J. Alzheimer's Dis. 19 2010 451 464
46. M. Hashimoto, Y. Tanabe, Y. Fujii, T. Kikuta, H. Shibata, and O. Shido Chronic administration of docosahexaenoic acid ameliorates the impairment of spatial cognition learning ability in amyloid beta-infused rats J. Nutr. 135 2005 549 555
47. E. Head, H.L. Murphey, A.L. Dowling, K.L. McCarty, S.R. Bethel, J.A. Nitz, M. Pleiss, J. Vanrooyen, M. Grossheim, J.R. Smiley, M.P. Murphy, T.L. Beckett, D. Pagani, F. Bresch, and C. Hendrix A combination cocktail improves spatial attention in a canine model of human aging and Alzheimer's disease J. Alzheimers Dis. 32 2012 1029 1042
48. N. Hishikawa, Y. Takahashi, Y. Amakusa, Y. Tanno, Y. Tuji, H. Niwa, N. Murakami, and U.K. Krishna Effects of turmeric on Alzheimer's disease with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia Ayu 33 2012 499 504
49. P.C. Hollman, and M.B. Katan Health effects and bioavailability of dietary flavonols Free Radic. Res. 31 Suppl. l 1999 S75 S80
50. L. Holmquist, G. Stuchbury, K. Berbaum, S. Muscat, S. Young, K. Hager, J. Engel, and G. Münch Lipoic acid as a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias Pharmacol. Ther. 113 2007 154 164
51. T.C. Huang, K.T. Lu, Y.Y. Wo, Y.J. Wu, and Y.L. Yang Resveratrol protects rats from Abeta-induced neurotoxicity by the reduction of iNOS expression and lipid peroxidation PLoS One 6 2011 e29102
52. R.A. Isbrucker, J.A. Edwards, E. Wolz, A. Davidovich, and J. Bausch Safety studies on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) preparations. Part 2: dermal, acute and short-term toxicity studies Food Chem. Toxicol. 44 2006 636 650
53. I.M. Kapetanovic, M. Muzzio, Z. Huang, T.N. Thompson, and D.L. McCormick Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 68 2011 593 601
54. N. Karunaweera, R. Raju, E. Gyengesi, and G. Münch Plant polyphenols as inhibitors of NF-kappaB induced cytokine production-a potential anti-inflammatory treatment for Alzheimer's disease? Front. Mol. Neurosci. 8 2015 24
55. S.S. Karuppagounder, J.T. Pinto, H. Xu, H.L. Chen, M.F. Beal, and G.E. Gibson Dietary supplementation with resveratrol reduces plaque pathology in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease Neurochem. Int. 54 2009 111 118
56. D.O. Kennedy, E.L. Wightman, J.L. Reay, G. Lietz, E.J. Okello, A. Wilde, and C.F. Haskell Effects of resveratrol on cerebral blood flow variables and cognitive performance in humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 91 2010 1590 1597
57. W.C. Kreisl, M. Fujita, Y. Fujimura, N. Kimura, K.J. Jenko, P. Kannan, J. Hong, C.L. Morse, S.S. Zoghbi, R.L. Gladding, S. Jacobson, U. Oh, V.W. Pike, and R.B. Innis Comparison of [(11)C]-(R)-PK 11195 and [(11)C]PBR28, two radioligands for translocator protein (18 kDa) in human and monkey: Implications for positron emission tomographic imaging of this inflammation biomarker NeuroImage 49 2010 2924 2932
58. A. Kunwar, A. Barik, B. Mishra, K. Rathinasamy, R. Pandey, and K.I. Priyadarsini Quantitative cellular uptake, localization and cytotoxicity of curcumin in normal and tumor cells Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1780 2008 673 679
59. P. Langcake, and R.J. Pryce A new class of phytoalexins from grapevines Experientia 33 1977 151 152
60. C.D. Lao, M.T.t. Ruffin, D. Normolle, D.D. Heath, S.I. Murray, J.M. Bailey, M.E. Boggs, J. Crowell, C.L. Rock, and D.E. Brenner Dose escalation of a curcuminoid formulation BMC Complementary Altern. Med. 6 2006 10
61. L.D. Lawson, and B.G. Hughes Absorption of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from fish oil triacylglycerols or fish oil ethyl esters co-ingested with a high-fat meal Biochem. Biophysical Res. Commun. 156 1988 960 963
62. M. Lebbadi, C. Julien, A. Phivilay, C. Tremblay, V. Emond, J.X. Kang, and F. Calon Endogenous conversion of omega-6 into omega-3 fatty acids improves neuropathology in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease J. Alzheimers Dis. 27 2011 853 869
63. S. Lev-Ari, Y. Maimon, L. Strier, D. Kazanov, and N. Arber Down-regulation of prostaglandin E2 by curcumin is correlated with inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cell lines J. Soc. Integr. Oncol. 4 2006 21 26
64. Y. Levites, T. Amit, S. Mandel, and M.B. Youdim Neuroprotection and neurorescue against Abeta toxicity and PKC-dependent release of nonamyloidogenic soluble precursor protein by green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate FASEB J. 17 2003 952 954
65. Y.C. Liang, Y.T. Huang, S.H. Tsai, S.Y. Lin-Shiau, C.F. Chen, and J.K. Lin Suppression of inducible cyclooxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase by apigenin and related flavonoids in mouse macrophages Carcinogenesis 20 1999 1945 1952
66. G.P. Lim, F. Calon, T. Morihara, F. Yang, B. Teter, O. Ubeda, N. Salem Jr., S.A. Frautschy, and G.M. Cole A diet enriched with the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid reduces amyloid burden in an aged Alzheimer mouse model J. Neurosci. 25 2005 3032 3040
67. G.P. Lim, T. Chu, F. Yang, W. Beech, S.A. Frautschy, and G.M. Cole The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse J. Neurosci. 21 2001 8370 8377
68. C.L. Lin, T.F. Chen, M.J. Chiu, T.D. Way, and J.K. Lin Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) suppresses beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity through inhibiting c-Abl/FE65 nuclear translocation and GSK3 beta activation Neurobiol. Aging 30 2009 81 92
69. R. Liu, T. Zhang, H. Yang, X. Lan, J. Ying, and G. Du The flavonoid apigenin protects brain neurovascular coupling against amyloid-beta(2)(5)(-)(3)(5)-induced toxicity in mice J. Alzheimers Dis. 24 2011 85 100
70. G. Losi, G. Puia, G. Garzon, M.C. de Vuono, and M. Baraldi Apigenin modulates GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in cultured cortical neurons Eur. J. Pharmacol. 502 2004 41 46
71. W.J. Lukiw, J.G. Cui, V.L. Marcheselli, M. Bodker, A. Botkjaer, K. Gotlinger, C.N. Serhan, and N.G. Bazan A role for docosahexaenoic acid-derived neuroprotectin D1 in neural cell survival and Alzheimer disease J. Clin. Investig. 115 2005 2774 2783
72. A. Maczurek, K. Hager, M. Kenklies, M. Sharman, R. Martins, J. Engel, D.A. Carlson, and G. Münch Lipoic acid as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective treatment for Alzheimer's disease Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 60 2008 1463 1470
73. S. Mandel, O. Weinreb, T. Amit, and M.B. Youdim Cell signaling pathways in the neuroprotective actions of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate: implications for neurodegenerative diseases J. Neurochem. 88 2004 1555 1569
74. A. Martin, R. Boisgard, B. Theze, N. Van Camp, B. Kuhnast, A. Damont, M. Kassiou, F. Dolle, and B. Tavitian Evaluation of the PBR/TSPO radioligand [(18)F]DPA-714 in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metabolism 30 2010 230 241
75. D.L. McKay, and J.B. Blumberg A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.) Phytotherapy Res. PTR 20 2006 519 530
76. V.P. Menon, and A.R. Sudheer Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 595 2007 105 125
77. C. Millington, S. Sonego, N. Karunaweera, A. Rangel, J.R. Aldrich-Wright, I.L. Campbell, E. Gyengesi, and G. Münch Chronic neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: new perspectives on animal models and promising candidate drugs BioMed Res. Int. 2014 2014 309129
78. M.C. Morris, D.A. Evans, J.L. Bienias, C.C. Tangney, D.A. Bennett, R.S. Wilson, N. Aggarwal, and J. Schneider Consumption of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of incident Alzheimer disease Archives Neurol. 60 2003 940 946
79. R.E. Mrak, and W.S. Griffin Glia and their cytokines in progression of neurodegeneration Neurobiol. Aging 26 2005 349 354
80. A. Mullen, C.E. Loscher, and H.M. Roche Anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA are dependent upon time and dose-response elements associated with LPS stimulation in THP-1-derived macrophages J. Nutr. Biochem. 21 2010 444 450
81. G. Münch, R. Schinzel, C. Loske, A. Wong, N. Durany, J.J. Li, H. Vlassara, M.A. Smith, G. Perry, and P. Riederer Alzheimer's disease-synergistic effects of glucose deficit, oxidative stress and advanced glycation endproducts J. Neural Transm. 105 1998 439 461
82. G. Münch, L. Shinto, and A. Maczurek Lipoic acid as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease Med. Today 11 2010 62 64
83. T. Nakazawa, T. Yasuda, J. Ueda, and K. Ohsawa Antidepressant-like effects of apigenin and 2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid from Perilla frutescens in the forced swimming test Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26 2003 474 480
84. N.T. Nguyen, L. Ooi, S.C. Piller, and G. Münch Proenergetic effects of resveratrol in the murine neuronal cell line Neuro2a Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 57 2013 1901 1907
85. C. Nicholas, S. Batra, M.A. Vargo, O.H. Voss, M.A. Gavrilin, M.D. Wewers, D.C. Guttridge, E. Grotewold, and A.I. Doseff Apigenin blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality in vivo and proinflammatory cytokines expression by inactivating NF-kappaB through the suppression of p65 phosphorylation J. Immunol. 179 2007 7121 7127
86. M. Noguchi-Shinohara, S. Yuki, C. Dohmoto, Y. Ikeda, M. Samuraki, K. Iwasa, M. Yokogawa, K. Asai, K. Komai, H. Nakamura, and M. Yamada Consumption of green tea, but not black tea or coffee, is associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline PLoS One 9 2014 e96013
87. K. Ono, M. Hirohata, and M. Yamada Alpha-lipoic acid exhibits anti-amyloidogenicity for beta-amyloid fibrils in vitro Biochem. Biophysical Res. Commun. 341 2006 1046 1052
88. L. Packer, H.J. Tritschler, and K. Wessel Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid Free Radic. Biol. Med. 22 1997 359 378
89. J. Palmblad, M. Eriksdotter-Jonhagen, Y. Freund-Levi, and T. Cederholm Omega-3-fatty acids protect against dementia. Also early symptoms of mild Alzheimer disease seem to be inhibited Lakartidningen 104 2007 3268 3271
90. M.H. Pan, T.M. Huang, and J.K. Lin Biotransformation of curcumin through reduction and glucuronidation in mice Drug Metabolism Dispos. 27 1999 486 494
91. J. Panes, M.E. Gerritsen, D.C. Anderson, M. Miyasaka, and D.N. Granger Apigenin inhibits tumor necrosis factor-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 upregulation in vivo Microcirculation 3 1996 279 286
92. H.R. Park, K.H. Kong, B.P. Yu, M.P. Mattson, and J. Lee Resveratrol inhibits the proliferation of neural progenitor cells and hippocampal neurogenesis J. Biol. Chem. 287 2012 42588 42600
93. S.J. Park, F. Ahmad, A. Philp, K. Baar, T. Williams, H. Luo, H. Ke, H. Rehmann, R. Taussig, A.L. Brown, M.K. Kim, M.A. Beaven, A.B. Burgin, V. Manganiello, and J.H. Chung Resveratrol ameliorates aging-related metabolic phenotypes by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterases Cell 148 2012 421 433
94. A. Patel, S.D. Rees, M.A. Kelly, S.C. Bain, A.H. Barnett, A. Prasher, H. Arshad, and V.P. Prasher Genetic variants conferring susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease in the general population; do they also predispose to dementia in Down's syndrome BMC Res. Notes 7 2014 42
95. S.P. Patil, P.D. Jain, J.S. Sancheti, P.J. Ghumatkar, R. Tambe, and S. Sathaye Neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of Apigenin and Luteolin in MPTP induced parkinsonism in mice Neuropharmacology 86 2014 192 202
96. M. Popovic, M. Caballero-Bleda, O. Benavente-Garcia, and J. Castillo The flavonoid apigenin delays forgetting of passive avoidance conditioning in rats J. Psychopharmacol. 28 2014 498 501
97. J.F. Quinn, J.R. Bussiere, R.S. Hammond, T.J. Montine, E. Henson, R.E. Jones, and R.W. Stackman Jr. Chronic dietary alpha-lipoic acid reduces deficits in hippocampal memory of aged Tg2576 mice Neurobiol. Aging 28 2007 213 225
98. B. Ray, and D.K. Lahiri Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: different molecular targets and potential therapeutic agents including curcumin Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 9 2009 434 444
99. C. Regitz, E. Fitzenberger, F.L. Mahn, L.M. Dussling, and U. Wenzel Resveratrol reduces amyloid-beta (Abeta)-induced paralysis through targeting proteostasis in an Alzheimer model of Caenorhabditis elegans Eur. J. Nutr. 2015, Apr 8 [Epub ahead of print]
100. W. Retz, W. Gsell, G. Münch, M. Rosler, and P. Riederer Free radicals in Alzheimer's disease J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 54 1998 221 236
101. K. Rezai-Zadeh, J. Ehrhart, Y. Bai, P.R. Sanberg, P. Bickford, J. Tan, and R.D. Douglas Apigenin and luteolin modulate microglial activation via inhibition of STAT1-induced CD40 expression J. Neuroinflammation 5 2008
102. K. Rezai-Zadeh, D. Shytle, N. Sun, T. Mori, H. Hou, D. Jeanniton, J. Ehrhart, K. Townsend, J. Zeng, D. Morgan, J. Hardy, T. Town, and J. Tan Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) modulates amyloid precursor protein cleavage and reduces cerebral amyloidosis in Alzheimer transgenic mice J. Neurosci. 25 2005 8807 8814
103. J.M. Ringman, S.A. Frautschy, G.M. Cole, D.L. Masterman, and J.L. Cummings A potential role of the curry spice curcumin in Alzheimer's disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. 2 2005 131 136
104. J.M. Ringman, S.A. Frautschy, E. Teng, A.N. Begum, J. Bardens, M. Beigi, K.H. Gylys, V. Badmaev, D.D. Heath, L.G. Apostolova, V. Porter, Z. Vanek, G.A. Marshall, G. Hellemann, C. Sugar, D.L. Masterman, T.J. Montine, J.L. Cummings, and G.M. Cole Oral curcumin for Alzheimer's disease: tolerability and efficacy in a 24-week randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study Alzheimer's Res. Ther. 4 2012 43
105. W.I. Rosenblum Why Alzheimer trials fail: removing soluble oligomeric beta amyloid is essential, inconsistent, and difficult Neurobiol. Aging 35 2014 969 974
106. J.A. Ross, and C.M. Kasum Dietary flavonoids: bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety Annu. Rev. Nutr. 22 2002 19 34
107. N. Salem Jr., B. Litman, H.Y. Kim, and K. Gawrisch Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system Lipids 36 2001 945 959
108. A. Scholey, L.A. Downey, J. Ciorciari, A. Pipingas, K. Nolidin, M. Finn, M. Wines, S. Catchlove, A. Terrens, E. Barlow, L. Gordon, and C. Stough Acute neurocognitive effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) Appetite 58 2012 767 770
109. K. Shanmugam, L. Holmquist, M. Steele, G. Stuchbury, K. Berbaum, O. Schulz, O. Benavente Garcia, J. Castillo, J. Burnell, V. Garcia Rivas, G. Dobson, and G. Münch Plant-derived polyphenols attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor production in murine microglia and macrophages Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 52 2008 427 438
110. J.C. Shenk, J. Liu, K. Fischbach, K. Xu, M. Puchowicz, M.E. Obrenovich, E. Gasimov, L.M. Alvarez, B.N. Ames, J.C. Lamanna, and G. Aliev The effect of acetyl-L-carnitine and R-alpha-lipoic acid treatment in ApoE4 mouse as a model of human Alzheimer's disease J. Neurological Sci. 283 2009 199 206
111. L. Shinto, J. Quinn, T. Montine, H.H. Dodge, W. Woodward, S. Baldauf-Wagner, D. Waichunas, L. Bumgarner, D. Bourdette, L. Silbert, and J. Kaye A randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial of omega-3 fatty acids and alpha lipoic acid in Alzheimer's disease J. Alzheimers Dis. 38 2014 111 120
112. S. Shukla, and S. Gupta Apigenin: a promising molecule for cancer prevention Pharm. Res. 27 2010 962 978
113. Y.H. Siddique, and M. Afzal Antigenotoxic effect of apigenin against mitomycin C induced genotoxic damage in mice bone marrow cells Food Chem. Toxicol. 47 2009 536 539
114. V.K. Singh, and P. Guthikonda Circulating cytokines in Alzheimer's disease J. Psychiatric Res. 31 1997 657 660
115. A.T. Smolinski, and J.J. Pestka Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in vitro and in vivo by the herbal constituents apigenin (chamomile), ginsenoside Rb(1) (ginseng) and parthenolide (feverfew) Food Chem. Toxicol. 41 2003 1381 1390
116. N.O. Solberg, R. Chamberlin, J.R. Vigil, L.M. Deck, J.E. Heidrich, D.C. Brown, C.I. Brady, T.A. Vander Jagt, M. Garwood, M. Bisoffi, V. Severns, D.L. Vander Jagt, and L.O. Sillerud Optical and SPION-enhanced MR imaging shows that trans-stilbene inhibitors of NF-kappaB concomitantly lower Alzheimer's disease plaque formation and microglial activation in AbetaPP/PS-1 transgenic mouse brain J. Alzheimers Dis. 40 2014 191 212
117. G.J. Soleas, E.P. Diamandis, and D.M. Goldberg Resveratrol: a molecule whose time has come? and gone? Clin. Biochem. 30 1997 91 113
118. M.L. Steele, S. Fuller, M. Patel, C. Kersaitis, L. Ooi, and G. Münch Effect of Nrf2 activators on release of glutathione, cysteinylglycine and homocysteine by human U373 astroglial cells Redox Biol. 1 2013 441 445
119. D.E. Stevenson, and R.D. Hurst Polyphenolic phytochemicals-just antioxidants or much more? Cell. Mol. Life Sci. CMLS 64 2007 2900 2916
120. P. Taupin Apigenin and related compounds stimulate adult neurogenesis. Mars, Inc., the Salk Institute for Biological Studies: WO2008147483 Expert Opin. Ther. Pat. 19 2009 523 527
121. J. Teichert, R. Hermann, P. Ruus, and R. Preiss Plasma kinetics, metabolism, and urinary excretion of alpha-lipoic acid following oral administration in healthy volunteers J. Clin. Pharmacol. 43 2003 1257 1267
122. J. Thome, J. Kornhuber, G. Münch, R. Schinzel, Y. Taneli, B. Zielke, M. Rosler, and P. Riederer New hypothesis on etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer syndrome. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) Nervenarzt 67 1996 924 929
123. J. Thome, G. Münch, R. Muller, R. Schinzel, J. Kornhuber, D. Blum-Degen, L. Sitzmann, M. Rosler, A. Heidland, and P. Riederer Advanced glycation endproducts-associated parameters in the peripheral blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease Life Sci. 59 1996 679 685
124. J.A. Tur, M.M. Bibiloni, A. Sureda, and A. Pons Dietary sources of omega 3 fatty acids: public health risks and benefits Br. J. Nutr. 107 Suppl. 2 2012 S23 S52
125. J.C. Umhau, W. Zhou, R.E. Carson, S.I. Rapoport, A. Polozova, J. Demar, N. Hussein, A.K. Bhattacharjee, K. Ma, G. Esposito, S. Majchrzak, P. Herscovitch, W.C. Eckelman, K.A. Kurdziel, and N. Salem Jr. Imaging incorporation of circulating docosahexaenoic acid into the human brain using positron emission tomography J. Lipid Res. 50 2009 1259 1268
126. O. Vang, N. Ahmad, C.A. Baile, J.A. Baur, K. Brown, A. Csiszar, D.K. Das, D. Delmas, C. Gottfried, H.Y. Lin, Q.Y. Ma, P. Mukhopadhyay, N. Nalini, J.M. Pezzuto, T. Richard, Y. Shukla, Y.J. Surh, T. Szekeres, T. Szkudelski, T. Walle, and J.M. Wu What is new for an old molecule? Systematic review and recommendations on the use of resveratrol PLoS One 6 2011 e19881
127. A.M. Villani, M. Crotty, L.G. Cleland, M.J. James, R.J. Fraser, L. Cobiac, and M.D. Miller Fish oil administration in older adults: is there potential for adverse events? A systematic review of the literature BMC Geriatr. 13 2013 41
128. L.E. Villasana, R.A. Rosenthal, S.R. Doctrow, T. Pfankuch, D.G. Zuloaga, A.M. Garfinkel, and J. Raber Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on associative and spatial memory of sham-irradiated and 56Fe-irradiated C57BL/6J male mice Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 103 2013 487 493
129. V. Vingtdeux, L. Giliberto, H. Zhao, P. Chandakkar, Q. Wu, J.E. Simon, E.M. Janle, J. Lobo, M.G. Ferruzzi, P. Davies, and P. Marambaud AMP-activated protein kinase signaling activation by resveratrol modulates amyloid-beta peptide metabolism J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 9100 9113
130. H. Viola, C. Wasowski, M. Levi de Stein, C. Wolfman, R. Silveira, F. Dajas, J.H. Medina, and A.C. Paladini Apigenin, a component of Matricaria recutita flowers, is a central benzodiazepine receptors-ligand with anxiolytic effects Planta Medica 61 1995 213 216
131. J.K. Wachira, M.K. Larson, and W.S. Harris n-3 Fatty acids affect haemostasis but do not increase the risk of bleeding: clinical observations and mechanistic insights Br. J. Nutr. 111 2014 1652 1662
132. J.M. Walker, D. Klakotskaia, D. Ajit, G.A. Weisman, W.G. Wood, G.Y. Sun, P. Serfozo, A. Simonyi, and T.R. Schachtman Beneficial effects of dietary EGCG and voluntary exercise on Behavior in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model J. Alzheimer's Dis. JAD 44 2015 561 572
133. Q. Wang, J. Xu, G.E. Rottinghaus, A. Simonyi, D. Lubahn, G.Y. Sun, and A.Y. Sun Resveratrol protects against global cerebral ischemic injury in gerbils Brain Res. 958 2002 439 447
134. Y. Wang, H. Yin, L. Wang, A. Shuboy, J. Lou, B. Han, X. Zhang, and J. Li Curcumin as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease: a study of the effects of curcumin on hippocampal expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein Am. J. Chin. Med. 41 2013 59 70
135. L.M. Willis, L. Freeman, P.C. Bickford, E.M. Quintero, C.D. Umphlet, A.B. Moore, L. Goetzl, and A.C. Granholm Blueberry supplementation attenuates microglial activation in hippocampal intraocular grafts to aged hosts Glia 58 2010 679 690
136. A.V. Witte, L. Kerti, D.S. Margulies, and A. Floel Effects of resveratrol on memory performance, hippocampal functional connectivity, and glucose metabolism in healthy older adults J. Neurosci. 34 2014 7862 7870
137. F. Yang, G.P. Lim, A.N. Begum, O.J. Ubeda, M.R. Simmons, S.S. Ambegaokar, P.P. Chen, R. Kayed, C.G. Glabe, S.A. Frautschy, and G.M. Cole Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo J. Biol. Chem. 280 2005 5892 5901
138. Y. Yang, L. Bai, X. Li, J. Xiong, P. Xu, C. Guo, and M. Xue Transport of active flavonoids, based on cytotoxicity and lipophilicity: an evaluation using the blood-brain barrier cell and Caco-2 cell models Toxicol. Vitro 28 2014 388 396
139. L.T. Yi, J.M. Li, Y.C. Li, Y. Pan, Q. Xu, and L.D. Kong Antidepressant-like behavioral and neurochemical effects of the citrus-associated chemical apigenin Life Sci. 82 2008 741 751
140. F. Yin, A.E. Giuliano, and A.J. Van Herle Signal pathways involved in apigenin inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis of human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells (ARO) Anticancer Res. 19 1999 4297 4303
141. E.M. Yiu, G. Tai, R.E. Peverill, K.J. Lee, K.D. Croft, T.A. Mori, B. Scheiber-Mojdehkar, B. Sturm, M. Praschberger, A.P. Vogel, G. Rance, S.E. Stephenson, J.P. Sarsero, C. Stockley, C.Y. Lee, A. Churchyard, M.V. Evans-Galea, M.M. Ryan, P.J. Lockhart, L.A. Corben, and M.B. Delatycki An open-label trial in Friedreich ataxia suggests clinical benefit with high-dose resveratrol, without effect on frataxin levels J. Neurol. 262 2015 1344 1353
142. F. Zhang, F. Li, and G. Chen Neuroprotective effect of apigenin in rats after contusive spinal cord injury Neurol. Sci. 35 2014 583 588
143. W.J. Zhang, and B. Frei Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells FASEB J. 15 2001 2423 2432
144. L. Zhao, J.L. Wang, R. Liu, X.X. Li, J.F. Li, and L. Zhang Neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic and neurotrophic effects of apigenin in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model Molecules 18 2013 9949 9965
145. M. Zhao, J. Ma, H.Y. Zhu, X.H. Zhang, Z.Y. Du, Y.J. Xu, and X.D. Yu Apigenin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cells through targeting the trinity of CK2, Cdc37 and Hsp90 Mol. Cancer 10 2011 104
146. L.M. Zhong, Y. Zong, L. Sun, J.Z. Guo, W. Zhang, Y. He, R. Song, W.M. Wang, C.J. Xiao, and D. Lu Resveratrol inhibits inflammatory responses via the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in cultured LPS-stimulated microglial cells PLoS One 7 2012 e32195