Beyond anger: A deeper look at consumer animosity

Journal of International Business Studies

Volumn 46, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 676-693

  Harmeling, Colleen M ^a   Magnusson, Peter ^b   Singh, Nitish ^c  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

^c SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

consumer animosity; emotion; evolutionary psychology; international conflict; structural equation modeling

Indexed keywords

EID: 84937198070     PISSN: 00472506     EISSN: 14786990     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1057/jibs.2014.74     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. 1988. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3): 411-423.
2. Aravosis, J. 2014. American bars start boycotting Russian vodka over Ukraine, http://americablog.com/2014/03/american-barsboycott-russian-vodka-ukraine-crimea.html, accessed 14 July 2014.
3. Averill, J. R. 1983. Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion. American Psychologist, 38(11): 1145-1160.
4. Back, M. D., Kufner, A. C. P., & Egloff, B. 2010 the emotional timeline of September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 21(10): 1417-1419.
5. Bagozzi, R. P., Gopinath, M., & Nyer, P. U. 1999 the role of emotions in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(2): 184-206.
6. Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. 1988. On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1): 74-94.
7. Bahaee, M., & Pisani, M. J. 2009. Iranian consumer animosity and US products: A witchs brew or elixir?. International Business Review, 18(2): 199-210.
8. Bilkey, W., & Nes, E. 1982. Country-of-origin effects on product evaluations. Journal of International Business Studies, 13(1): 89-99.
9. Bollen, K., & Lennox, R. 1991. Conventional wisdom on measurement: A structural equation perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 110(2): 305-314.
10. Bougie, R., Pieters, R., & Zeelenberg, M. 2003. Angry customers dont come back, they get back: The experience and behavioral implications of anger and dissatisfaction in services. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(4): 377-393.
11. Bradsher, K., Fackler, M., & Jacobs, A. 2012. Anti-Japan protests erupt in China over disputed island, The New York Times 19 August.
12. Brown, R. L. 1997. Assessing specific mediational effects in complex theoretical models. Structural Equation Modeling, 4(2): 142-156.
13. Cannon, W. B. 1939 the wisdom of the body, 2nd edn. New York: Simon & Schuster.
14. Cui, A. P., Wajda, T. A., & Hu, M. Y. 2012. Consumer animosity and product choice: Might price make a difference?. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 29(7): 494-506.
15. Davidson, P. 2014. US exporters feel chill in Russia orders, USA Today 23 March, http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2014/03/23/us-russia-exporters-Trade-ukraine-sanctions/6698133/, accessed 14 July 2014.
16. Duhachek, A. 2005. Coping: A multidimensional, hierarchical framework of responses to stressful consumption episodes. Journal of Consumer Research, 32(1): 41-53.
17. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. 1971. Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17(2): 124-129.
18. Ekman, P. E., & Davidson, R. J. 1994 the nature of emotion: Fundamental questions. New York: Oxford University Press.
19. Ettenson, R., & Klein, J. G. 2005 the fallout from French nuclear testing in the South Pacific: A longitudinal study of consumer boycotts. International Marketing Review, 22(2): 199-224.
20. Festinger, L. 1957. A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
21. Fishbein, M. 1979. A theory of reasoned action: Some applications and implications. Lincoln, UK: University of Nebraska Press.
22. Folkes, V. S., Koletsky, S., & Graham, J. L. 1987. A field study of causal inferences and consumer reaction: The view from the airport. Journal of Consumer Research, 13(4): 534-539.
23. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. 1981. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(18): 39-50.
24. Friedman, M. 1999. Consumer boycotts: Effecting change through the marketplace and the media. New York: Routledge.
25. Frijda, N. H., Kuipers, P., & ter Schure, E. 1989. Relations among emotion, appraisal, and emotional action readiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(2): 212-228.
26. Funk, C., Arthurs, J., Trevino, L., & Joireman, J. 2010. Consumer animosity in the global value chain: The effect of international production shifts on willingness to purchase hybrid products. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(4): 639-651.
27. Gelbrich, K. 2010. Anger, frustration, and helplessness after service failure: Coping strategies and effective informational support. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(5): 567-585.
28. Gregoire, Y., & Fisher, R. J. 2006 the effects of relationship quality on customer retaliation. Marketing Letters, 17(1): 31-46.
29. Gregoire, Y., Tripp, T. M., & Legoux, R. 2009. When customer love turns into lasting hate: The effects of relationship strength and time on customer revenge and avoidance. Journal of Marketing, 73(6): 18-32.
30. Hair, Jr., J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. 2010. Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
31. Hayes, A. F. 2013. Introduction to moderation, mediation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: The Guilford Press.
32. Hofstede, G. 2001. Cultures consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
33. Huang, Y.-A., Phau, I., & Lin, C. 2010. Consumer animosity, economic hardship, and normative influence. European Journal of Marketing, 44(7/8): 909-937.
34. John, A., & Klein, J. 2003 the boycott puzzle: Consumer motivations for purchase sacrifice. Management Science, 49(9): 1196-1209.
35. Josiassen, A. 2011. Consumer disidentification and its effects on domestic product purchases: An empirical investigation in the Netherlands. Journal of Marketing, 75(2): 124-140.
36. Klein, J., & Ettenson, R. 1999. Consumer animosity and consumer ethnocentrism. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 11(4): 5-24.
37. Klein, J., Ettenson, R., & Morris, M. 1998 the animosity model of foreign product purchase: An empirical test in the peoples Republic of China. Journal of Marketing, 62(1): 89-100.
38. Klein, J. G. 2002. Us versus them, or us versus everyone?. Delineating consumer aversion to foreign goods. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(2): 345-363.
39. Labrecque, L. I., vor dem Esche, J., Mathwick, C., Novak, T. P., & Hofacker, C. F. 2013. Consumer power: Evolution in the digital age. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 27(4): 257-269.
40. Laros, F. J. M., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. M. 2005. Emotions in consumer behavior: A hierarchical approach. Journal of Business Research, 58(10): 1437-1445.
41. Lazarus, R. S. 1991. Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
42. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. 1984. Stress, appraisal and coping. New York: Springer.
43. Leong, S., Cote, J., Ang, S., Tan, S., Jung, K., Kau, A., & Pornpitakpan, C. 2008. Understanding consumer animosity in an international crisis: Nature, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(6): 996-1009.
44. Lerner, J. S., Gonzalez, R. M., Small, D. A., & Fischhoff, B. 2003. Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: A national field experiment. Psychological Science, 14(2): 144-150.
45. Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. 2000. Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice. Cognition and Emotion, 14(4): 473-493.
46. Little, J. P., & Singh, N. 2014. An exploratory study of Anglo-American consumer animosity toward the use of the Spanish language. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 22(3): 315-323.
47. MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. 2002. A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7(1): 83-104.
48. Magnusson, P., Krishnan, V., Westjohn, S. A., & Zdravkovic, S. 2014 the spillover effects of prototype brand transgressions on country image and related brands. Journal of International Marketing, 22(1): 21-38.
49. Magnusson, P., Westjohn, S. A., & Zdravkovic, S. 2011. What?. I thought Samsung was Japanese: Accurate or not, perceived country of origin matters. International Marketing Review, 28(5): 454-472.
50. Maher, A. A., Clark, P., & Maher, A. 2010. International consumer admiration and the persistence of animosity. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 27(5): 414-424.
51. Maher, A. A., & Mady, S. 2010. Animosity, subjective norms, and anticipated emotions during an international crisis. International Marketing Review, 27(6): 630-651.
52. Mitchell, M. M., Brown, K. M., Morris-Villagran, M., & Villagran, P. D. 2001 the effects of anger, sadness and happiness on persuasive message processing: A test of the negative state relief model. Communication Monographs, 68(4): 347-359.
53. Morales, A. C., Wu, E. C., & Fitzsimons, G. J. 2012. How disgust enhances the effectiveness of fear appeals. Journal of Marketing Research, 49(3): 383-393.
54. Nesse, R. M. 1990. Evolutionary explanations of emotions. Human Nature, 1(3): 261-289.
55. Newswire. 2014. Media monitoring: Actionable insight, http://www.prnewswire.com/, accessed 16 December 2014.
56. Peterson, R. A., & Jolibert, A. J. P. 1995. A meta-Analysis of country-of-origin effects. Journal of International Business Studies, 26(4): 883-900.
57. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. 2003. Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5): 879-903.
58. Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. 2008. Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3): 879-891.
59. Raghunathan, R., Pham, M. T., & Corfman, K. P. 2006. Informational properties of anxiety and sadness, and displaced coping. Journal of Consumer Research, 32(4): 596-601.
60. Richins, M. L. 1983. Negative word-of-mouth by dissatisfied consumers: A pilot study the Journal of Marketing, 7(1): 68-78.
61. Riefler, P., & Diamantopoulos, A. 2007. Consumer animosity: A literature review and a reconsideration of its measurement. International Marketing Review, 24(1): 87-119.
62. Robinson, M. D., Wilkowski, B. M., Meier, B. P., Moeller, S. K., & Fetterman, A. K. 2012. Counting to ten milliseconds: Lowanger, but not high-Anger, individuals pause following negative evaluations. Cognition and Emotion, 26(2): 261-281.
63. Roseman, I. J. 1984. Cognitive determinants of emotion: A structural theory. Review of Personality & Social Psychology, 5(1): 11-36.
64. Roseman, I. J. 1991. Appraisal determinants of discreet emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 5(3): 161-200.
65. Roseman, I. J. 1996. Appraisal determinants of emotions: Constructing a more accurate and comprehensive theory. Cognition & Emotion, 10(3): 241-278.
66. Roseman, I. J., Spindel, M. S., & Jose, P. E. 1990. Appraisals of emotion-eliciting events: Testing a theory of discrete emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(5): 899-915.
67. Roseman, I. J., Wiest, C., & Swartz, T. S. 1994. Phenomenology, behaviors, and goals differentiate discrete emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2): 206-221.
68. Saad, G. 2013. Evolutionary consumption. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23(3): 351-371.
69. Sharma, P. 2014. Consumer ethnocentrism: Reconceptualization and cross-cultural validation. Journal of International Business Studies. advance online publication, 21 August, doi:10.1057/jibs.2014.42.
70. Shimp, T., & Sharma, S. 1987. Consumer ethnocentrism: Construction and validation of the CETSCALE. Journal of Marketing Research, 24(3): 280-289.
71. Shoham, A., Davidow, M., Klein, J. G., & Ruvio, A. 2006. Animosity on the home front: The Intifada in Israel and its impact on consumer behavior. Journal of International Marketing, 14(3): 92-114.
72. Smith, C. A., Haynes, K. N., Lazarus, R. S., & Pope, L. K. 1993. In search of the hot cognitions: attributions, appraisals, and their relation to emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(5): 916-929.
73. Steenkamp, J. B. E. M., & Baumgartner, H. 1998. Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 25(1): 78-90.
74. Tiedens, L. Z., & Linton, S. 2001. Judgment under emotional certainty and uncertainty: The effects of specific emotions on information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6): 973-988.
75. Tisdall, S. 2012. China and Japan: A dangerous standoff over the Senkaku islands, The Guardian 17 September.
76. Verbeke, W., & Bagozzi, R. P. 2000. Sales call anxiety: Exploring what it means when fear rules a sales encounter. Journal of Marketing, 64(3): 88-101.
77. Verlegh, P. W. J., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. M. 1999. A review and meta-Analysis of country-of-origin research. Journal of Economic Psychology, 20(5): 521-546.
78. Wan, W. W. N., Luk, C-L., & Chow, C. W. C. 2014. Consumer responses to sexual advertising: The intersection of modernization, evolution, and international marketing. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(6): 751-782.
79. Weiner, B. 1980. A cognitive (attribution)-emotion-Action model of motivated behavior: An analysis of judgments of help-giving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(2): 186-200.
80. Wong, V. 2013 the gay boycott against Russian vodka: Stolis CEO speaks out, Bloomberg Businessweek, http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-07-31/the-gay-boycott-Against-russianvodka-stolis-ceo-speaks-out, accessed 14 July 2014.
81. World Bank. 2014. World Development Indicators: GDP, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD/countries?. order=wbapi-data-value-2013+wbapi-data-value+wbapi-data-value-last&sort=desc, accessed 14 July 2014.
82. Wright, R. 1995 the moral animal: Evolutionary psychology and everyday life. New York: Vintage Books.
83. Yin, D., Bond, S. H., & Zhang, H. 2014. Anxious or angry?. Effects of discrete emotions on the perceived helpfulness of online reviews. MIS Quarterly, 38(2): 539-560.
84. Zajonc, R. B. 1980. Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35(2): 151-175.
85. Zhang, Y., Feick, L., & Mittal, V. 2014. How males and females differ in their likelihood of transmitting negative word of mouth. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(6): 1097-1108.
86. Zourrig, H., Chebat, J.-C., & Toffoli, R. 2009. Consumer revenge behavior: A cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Business Research, 62(10): 995-1001.