Understanding consumer animosity in an international crisis: Nature, antecedents, and consequences

Journal of International Business Studies

Volumn 39, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 996-1009

  Leong, Siew Meng ^a   Cote, Joseph A ^b   Ang, Swee Hoon ^a   Tan, Soo Jiuan ^a   Jung, Kwon ^c   Kau, Ah Keng ^a   Pornpitakpan, Chanthika ^d  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^b WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Korea Development Institute   (South Korea)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MACAU   (Macao)

Author keywords

Animosity; Asia; Crisis; International marketing

Indexed keywords

EID: 49949102800     PISSN: 00472506     EISSN: 14786990     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400392     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Ang, S. H., Jung, K., Kau, A. K., Leong, S. M., Pornpitakpan, C., & Tan, S. J. 2004. Animosity towards economic giants: What the little guys think. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 21(3): 190-207.
2. Anholt, S. 2000. The nation as brand. Across the Board, 37(10): 22-27.
3. Averill, J. 1982. Anger and aggression: An essay on emotion. New York: Springer-Verlag.
4. Berkowitz, L. 1994. On the escalation of aggression. In M. Potegal & J. F. Knutson (Eds), The dynamics of aggression: Biological and social processes In dyads and groups: 33-41. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Bhalla, G., & Lin, L. 1987. Cross-cultural marketing research: A discussion of equivalence issues and management strategies. Psychology and Marketing, 4(4): 275-285.
6. Brummett, B. H., Maynard, K. E., Babyak, M. A., Haney, T. L., Siegler, I., Helms, M. J., & Barefoot, J. C. 1988. Measures of hostility as predictors of facial affect during social interaction: Evidence for construct validity. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 20(3): 168-173.
7. Chua, C. H. 2005. China's message to Japan over shrine visits. The Straits Times, May 24: 1.
8. Douglas, S. P., & Craig, C. S. 1984. Establishing equivalence in comparative consumer research. In E. Kaynak & R. Savitt (Eds), Comparative marketing systems: 93-113. New York: Praeger.
9. Federn, E. 1985. The therapeutic management of violence. Milieu Therapy, 4: 41-49.
10. Folkes, V. S. 1988. Recent attribution research in consumer behavior: A review and new directions. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(4): 548-565.
11. Head, M. 1998. US leads attack on Japan at G-7 meeting. World Socialist Web Site http://www.wsws.org/news/1998/feb1998/japf26.shtml. Accessed 17 July 2003.
12. Heslop, L. A., Panadopoulos, N., & Bourk, M. 1998. An interregional and intercultural perspective on subculture differences in product evaluations. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 15(2): 113-127.
13. Holloway, N. 1991. Japan in Asia. Hong Kong: Review Publishing Company Ltd.
14. Huntington, S. P. 1999. The lonely superpower. Foreign Affairs, 78(2): 35-49.
15. Jain, S. P., & Maheswaran, D. 2000. Motivated reasoning: A depth-of-processing perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(4): 358-371.
16. Jung, K., Ang, S. H., Leong, S. M., Tan, S. J., Pornpitakpan, C., & Kau, A. K. 2002. A typology of animosity and its cross-national validation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(6): 525-539.
17. Khermouch, G., Brady, D., Holmes, S., Ihlwan, M., Kripalani, M., & Picard, J. 2003. Brands in an age of anti-Americanism. BusinessWeek Asian Edition, August 4: http://www.business-week.com.
18. Klein, J. G. 2002. Us versus them, or us versus everyone? Delineating consumer aversion to foreign goods. Journal of International Business Studies, 33(2): 345-363.
19. Klein, J. G., & Ettenson, R. 1999. Consumer animosity and consumer ethnocentrism: An analysis of unique antecedents. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 11 (4): 5-24.
20. Klein, J. G., Ettenson, R., & Morris, M. D. 1998. The animosity model of foreign product purchase: An empirical test in the People's Republic of China. Journal of Marketing, 62(1): 89-100.
21. Kripalani, M. 2004. Ban outsourcing? Bad idea. BusinessWeek Asian Edition, March 29: http://www.businessweek.com.
22. Krisnakumar, P. 1974. An exploratory study of the influence of country of origin on the product images of persons from selected countries. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of Florida.
23. Lee, F., Hallahan, M., & Herzog, T. 1996. Explaining real-life events: How culture and domain shape attributions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(7): 732-741.
24. Lee, P. P. 1998. Japan and the Asian economic crisis. The Business Times (ISEAS Trends), April 25-26: 9.
25. Leigh, J. H., & Choi, Y. T. 2003. Attributions about life events and perceptions of foreign products: Contrasts in individualism and collectivism. In U.S. Tate (Ed), Proceedings of the 2003 Association of Collegiate Marketing Educators Conference: 22-23. Texas: College of Business University of North Texas Association of Collegiate Marketing Educators.
26. Liefeld, J. P. 1993. Experiments on country-of-origin effects: Review and meta-analysis of effect size. In N. Panadopoulos & L. A. Heslop (Eds), Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing: 117-146. New York: International Business Press.
27. Maheswaran, D. 1994. Country-of-origin as a stereotype: Effects of consumer expertise and attribute strength on product evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(2): 354-365.
28. Marquardt, E. 2005. The price of Japanese nationalism. Asia Times Online, April 14: http://www.atimes.com.
29. Mead, G. H. 1929. National-mindedness and international-mindedness. The International Journal of Ethics, 39(4): 385-407.
30. Meyer, J. P. 1980. Causal attribution for success and failure: A multivariate investigation of dimensionality, formation, and consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(5): 704-718.
31. Miami Herald, The 2003. Ban on Japan's imports to end in celebration. December 31: http://www.mercurynews.com.
32. Morris, M. W., & Peng, K. 1994. Culture and cause: American and Chinese attributions for social and physical events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2): 949-971.
33. Mullen, M. R. 1995. Diagnosing measurement equivalence in cross-national research. Journal of International Business Studies, 26(3): 573-596.
34. Newman, B. I. 1999. The mass marketing of politics: Democracy in an age of manufactured images. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
35. New Republic, The 1999. The plot thickens. December 6:18-20.
36. Nijssen, E. J., & Douglas, S. P. 2004. Examining the animosity model in a country with a high level of foreign trade. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 21(1): 23-38.
37. Parmar, A. 2004. Drink politics. Marketing News, February 5: 1, 11-12.
38. Pereira, B. 1998. Economic crisis kills off 2,000 firms. The Straits Times, April 20: 59.
39. Rawwas, M. Y. A., Rajendran, K. N., & Wuehrer, G. A. 1996. The influence of worldmindedness and nationalism on consumer evaluation of domestic and foreign products. International Marketing Review, 13(2): 20-38.
40. Sharma, S., Mukherjee, S., Kumar, A., & Dillon, W. R. 2005. A simulation study to investigate the use of cutoff values for assessing model fit in covariance structure analysis. Journal of Business Research, 58(7): 935-943.
41. Shimp, T. A., & Sharma, S. 1987. Consumer ethnocentrism: Construction and validation of the CETSCALE. Journal of Marketing Research, 24(3): 280-289.
42. Shimp, T. A., Dunn, T. H., & Klein, J. G. 2004. Remnants of the US Civil War and modern consumer behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 21 (2): 75-91.
43. Slater, J. 1999. Squeezing the middlemen. Far Eastern Economic Review, 162 (January 14): 20-21.
44. Steenkamp, J.-B., & Baumgartner, H. 1998. Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 25(1): 78-90.
45. Tefft, S. 1994. China's savvy shoppers load carts with expensive imported goods. Advertising Age, June 20: 1-21.
46. Tse, D. K., Gu, F. F., & Yim, C. K. 2005. National animosity: Conceptualization, measurement characteristics, and salience in international business decisions. Working paper, School of Business, University of Hong Kong.
47. Usunier, J. C. 1993. International marketing: A cultural approach. London: Prentice-Hall.
48. Vence, D. L. 2004. You talkin' to me? Marketing News, March 1 : 1, 9-11.
49. Weiner, B. 1986. An attributional theory of motivation and emotion. New York: Springer-Verlag.
50. Weiner, B. 2000. Attributional thoughts about consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(3): 382-387.