Colloidal supramolecular aggregates for therapeutic application in neuromedicine

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 21, Issue 36, 2014, Pages 4132-4153

  Cosco, Donato ^a   Di Marzio, Luisa ^b   Marianecci, Carlotta ^c   Trapasso, Elena ^a   Paolino, Donatella ^a   Celia, Christian ^b,d   Carafa, Maria ^c   Fresta, Massimo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHIETI   (Italy)

^c SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^d HOUSTON METHODIST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Colloidal nanocarriers; Drug delivery systems; Neuromedicine; Supramolecular aggregates; Supramolecular chemistry; Therapeutics

Indexed keywords

ABC TRANSPORTER; AMPHOPHILE; BIOMATERIAL; CELL PENETRATING PEPTIDE; LIPOSOME; NANOBUBBLE; NANOPARTICLE; NIOSOME; POLYMER; PROTEIN; CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR; COLLOID; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; PEPTIDE;

ARTICLE; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; BIODEGRADABILITY; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN TUMOR; COLLOID; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DRUG UPTAKE; EXOSOME; MICELLE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROLOGY; SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; TRANSCYTOSIS; CHEMISTRY; HUMAN; METABOLISM; NANOMEDICINE; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES;

BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; COLLOIDS; HUMANS; LIPOSOMES; NANOMEDICINE; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; PEPTIDES; RECEPTORS, CELL SURFACE; TRANSCYTOSIS;

EID: 84926500667     PISSN: 09298673     EISSN: 1875533X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140826113933     Document Type: Article

References (258)

1. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/neurologicdiseases.html; A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health.
2. http://mcgovem.mit.edu/brain-disorders/by-thc-numbcrs.
3. Brasnjevic, I.; Steinbusch, H.W.; Schmitz, C; Martinez-Martinez, P. European NanoBioPharmaccutics Research Initiative. Delivery of peptide and protein drugs over the blood-brain barrier. Prog. Neurobiol, 2009, 87, 212-251.
4. Gustavsson, A.; Svensson, M.; Jacobi, F.; Allgulander, C; Alonso, J; Beghi, E; Dodel, R; Ekman, M; Faravclli, C; Fratiglioni, L; Gannon, B; Jones, D.H; Jennum, P; Jordanova, A; Jönsson, L; Karampampa, K; Knapp, M; Kobelt, G; Kurth, T; Lieb, R; Linde M; Ljungcrantz, C; Maercker, A; Melin, B; Moscarelli, M; Musayev, A; Norwood, F; Preisig, M; Pugliatti, M; Rehm, J; Salvador-Carulla, L; Schlehofer, B; Simon, R; Steinhausen, H.C; Stovner, L.J; Vallat, J.M; Van den Bergh, P; van Os, J; Vos, P; Xu, W; Wittchen, H.U; Jönsson, B; Olesen, J. Cost of disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur. Neuropsychophannacol., 2011, 21, 718-779.
5. Marriott, J.; Noonan, V.K.; Donner, E.; Lowerison, M; Lam, D., Day, L; Warner, J; Smith, E.E., Mah, J.K; de Robles, P; Jette, N; Johnston, M., Pringsheim, T; Korngut, L. Neurological registry quality control and quality assurance. Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2013, 40, S47-S50.
6. Modi, G.; Pillay, V.; Choonara, Y.E. Advances in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders employing nanotechnology. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2010, 1184, 154-172.
7. Kabanov, A.V., Gendelman, H.E. Nanomedicinc in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2001, 32, 1054-1082.
8. de Boer, A.G.; Gaillard, P.J. Drug targeting to the brain. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2007, 47, 323-355.
9. Blasi, P.; Giovagnoli, S.; Schoubben, A.; Ricci, M; Rossi, C. Solid lipid nanoparticles for targeted brain drug delivery. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2007, 59, A5A-A11.
10. Lai, F.; Fadda, A.M., Sinico, C. Liposomes for brain delivery. Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., 2013, 10, 1003-1022.
11. Celia, C; Cosco, D.; Paolino, D; Fresta, M. Nanoparticulate devices for brain drug delivery. Med. Res. Rev., 2011, 31, 716-756.
12. Paolino, D.; Cosco, D.; Molinaro, R., Celia, C; Fresta M. Supramolecular devices to improve the treatment of brain diseases. Drug Discov. Today, 2011, 16, 311-324.
13. Sinkula, A.A.; Yalkowsky, S.H. Rationale for design of biologically reversible drug derivatives: prodrugs. J. Pharm. Sci., 1975, 64, 181-210.
14. Levin, V.A. Relationship of octanol/water partition coefficient and molecular weight to rat brain capillary permeability. J. Med. Chem., 1980, 9, 682-684.
15. Denora, N.; Trapani, A.; Laquintana, V.; Lopedota, A; Trapani, G. Recent advances in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical technology-strategies for drug delivery to the brain. Curr. Top Med. Chem., 2009, 9, 182-196.
16. Sanhai, W.R.; Sakamoto, J.H.; Canady, R.; Ferrari, M. Seven challenges for nanomedicinc. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2008, 3, 242-244.
17. Theis, T.; Parr, D.; Binks, P.; Ying, J; Drexler, K.E; Schepers, E; Mullis, K; Bai, C; Boland, J.J; Langer, R; Dobson, P; Rao, C.N; Ferrari, M. nan'o.tech.nol'o.gy n. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2006, 1, 8-10.
18. Santos, T.; Maia, J.; Agasse, F.; Xapelli, S; Ferreira, L; Bernardino, L. Nanomedicine boosts neurogenesis: new strategies for brain repair. Integr. Biol. (Camb)., 2012, 4, 973-981.
19. Re, F.; Gregori, M.; Masserini, M. Nanotechnology for neurodegenerative disorders. Nanomedicine, 2012, 0, S51-S58.
20. Alexis, F.; Pridgen, E.; Molnar, L.K.; Farokhzad, O.C. Factors affecting the clearance and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparti-cles. Mol. Pharm., 2008, 5, 505-515.
21. Paolino, D.; Licciardi, M.; Celia, C; Giammona, G; Fresta, M; Cavallaro, G. Folate-targeted supramolecular vesicular aggregates as a new frontier for effective anticancer treatment in in vivo model. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2012, 82, 94-102.
22. Licciardi, M.; Paolino, D.; Celia, C; Giammona, G; Cavallaro, G; Fresta, M. Folate-targeted supramolecular vesicular aggregates based on polyaspartyl-hydrazide copolymers for the selective delivery of antitumoral drugs. Biomaterials, 2010, 31, 7340-7354.
23. Cosco, D.; Rocco, F.; Ceruti, M.; Vono, M; Fresta, M; Paolino, D. Self-assembled squalenoyl-cytarabine nanostructures as a potent nanomedicine for treatment of leukemic diseases. Int. J. Nanomedicine, 2012, 7, 2535-2546.
24. Paolino, D.; Cosco, D.; Licciardi, M.; Giammona, G; Fresta, M; Cavallaro, G. Polyaspartylhydrazide copolymer-based supramolccular vesicular aggregates as delivery devices for anticancer drugs. Biomacromolecules, 2008, 9, 1117-1130.
25. Clark, J.; Singer, E.M.; Korns, D.R.; Smith, S.S. Design and analysis of nanoscale bioassemblies. Biotechniques, 2004, 36, 992-996.
26. Lian, H.; Sun, J.; Yu, Y.P.; Liu, Y.H.; Cao, W; Wang, Y.J; Sun, Y.H; Wang, S.L; He, Z.G. Supramolecular micellar nanoaggregates based on a novel chitosan/vitamin E succinate copolymer for pacli-taxel selective delivery. Int. J. Nanomedicine, 2011, 6, 3323-3334.
27. Chow, L.W.; Wang, L.J.; Kaufman, D.B.; Stupp, S.I. Self-assembling nanostructures to deliver angiogenic factors to pancreatic islets. Biomaterials, 2010, 31, 6154-6161.
28. Kim, H.J.; Kim, T.; Lee, M. Responsive nanostructures from aqueous assembly of rigid-flexible block molecules. Acc. Chem. Res., 2011, 44, 72-82.
29. Zhang, S.; Greenfield, M.A.; Mata, A.; Palmer, L.C.; Bitton, R; Mantei, J.R; Aparicio, C; de la Cruz, M.O; Stupp, S.I. A self-assembly pathway to aligned monodomain gels. Nat. Mater., 2010, 9, 594-601.
30. Chen, W.; Yang, Y.; Rinadi, C; Zhou, D; Shen, A.Q. Formation of supramolecular hydrogel microspheres via microfluidics. Lab. Chip., 2009, 9, 2947-2951.
31. Maas, C; Hermeling, S.; Bouma, B; Jiskoot, W; Gebbink, M.F. A role for protein misfolding in immunogenicity of biopharmaccuti-cals. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, 282, 2229-2236.
32. Bachmann, M.F.; Zinkcrnagcl, R.M. Neutralizing antiviral B cell responses. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 1997, 15, 235-270.
33. Marianecci, C; Di Marzio, L; Rinaldi, F; Celia, C; Paolino, D; Alhaique, F; Esposito, S; Carafa, M. Niosomes from 80s to present: The state of the art. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2014, 205, 187-206.
34. Rudra, J.S.; Tripathi, P.K.; Hildeman, D.A.; Jung, J.P; Collier, J.H. Immune responses to coiled coil supramolecularbiomaterials. Biomaterials, 2010, 31, 8475-8483.
35. Branco, M.C.; Schneider, J.P. Self-assembling materials for therapeutic delivery. Acta Biomater., 2009, 5, 817-831.
36. Barenholz, Y. Doxil®-the first FDA-approved nano-drug: lessons learned. J. Control Release, 2012, 160, 117-134.
37. Svenson, S. Clinical translation of nanomedicines. Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci., 2012, 16, 287-294.
38. Bobo, R.H.; Laske, D.W.; Akbasak, A.; Morrison, P.F.; Dedrick, R.L; Oldfield, E.H. Convection-enhanced delivery of macromolc-cules in the brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91, 2076-2080.
39. Patel, T.; Zhou, J.; Piepmeier, J.M.; Saltzman, W.M. Polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery to the central nervous system. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2012, 64, 701-715.
40. Maruyama, K. Intracellular targeting delivery of liposomal drugs to solid tumors based on EPR effects. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2011, 63, 161-169.
41. Abu Lila, A.S.; Kiwada, H; Ishida, T. The accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon: Clinical challenge and approaches to manage. J. Control Release, 2013, 172, 38-47.
42. Pasut, G.; Veronese, F.M. State of the art in PEGylation: the great versatility achieved after forty years of research. J. Control. Release, 2012, 161, 461-472.
43. Fattal, E.; Vauthier, C. In: Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology; Nanoparticlcs as drug delivery systems, Ed.; Marcel Dekker; New York, 2002, vol. 1, pp. 1864-1882.
44. Hillaireau, H.; Couvreur, P. Nanocarriers'entry into the cell: relevance to drug delivery. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 2009, 66, 2873-2896.
45. Pinto Reis, C.; Ncufeld, R.J; Ribeiro, A.J; Veiga, F. Nanoencapsulation I. Methods for preparation of drugloaded polymeric nanoparticlcs. Nanomedicine, 2006, 2, 8-21.
46. Reddy, L.H.; Couvreur, P. Nanotechnology for therapy and imaging of liver diseases. J. Hepatol., 2011, 55, 1461-1466.
47. Alyautdin, R.; Gothier, D.; Petrov, V.; Kharkevich, D; Kreuter J. Analgesic activity of the hexapeptide dalargin adsorbed on the surface of polysorbate 80-coated poIy(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparti-cles. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 1995, 41, 44-48.
48. Kreuter, J.; Alyautdin, R.N.; Kharkevich, D.A.; Ivanov, A.A. Passage of peptides through the blood-brain barrier with colloidal polymer particles (nanoparticles). Brain Res., 1995, 674, 171-174.
49. Kreuter, J.; Shamenkov, D.; Petrov, V.; Ramge, P; Cychutek, K; Koch-Brandt, C; Alyautdin, R. Apolipoprotein-mediated transport of nanoparticle-bound drugs across the blood-brain barrier. J. Drug Target., 2002, 10, 317-325.
50. Wagner, S.; Zensi, A.; Wien, S.L.; Tschickardt, S.E.; Maier, W; Vogel, T; Worek, F; Pietrzik, C.U; Kreuter, J; von Briesen, H. Uptake mechanism of ApoE-modified nanoparticles on brain capillary endothelial cells as a blood-brain barrier model. PLoS One, 2012, 0, e32568.
51. Wohlfart, S.; Gelperina, S.; Kreuter, J. Transport of drugs across the blood-brain barrier by nanoparticles. J. Control. Release, 2012, 161, 264-273.
52. Kim, H.R.; Andrieux, K.; Gil, S; Taverna, M; Chacun, H; Desmaele, D; Taran, F; Georgin, D; Couvreur, P. Translocation of poly(cthylene glycol-co-hexadecyl)cyanoacrylate nanoparticles into rat brain endothelial cells: Role of apolipoproteins in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Biomacromolecules, 2007, 8, 793-799.
53. Petri, B.; Bootz, A.; Khalansky, A.; Hekmatara, T; Muller, R; Uhl, R; Kreuter, J; Gelperina, S. Chemotherapy of brain tumour using doxorubicin bound to surfactant-coated poly(-butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: revisiting the role of surfactants. J. Control. Release, 2007, 117, 51-58.
54. Wong, H.L.; Wu, X.Y.; Bendayan, R. Nanotechnological advances for the delivery of CNS therapeutics. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2012, 64, 686-700.
55. Rempe, R.; Cramer, S.; Huwel, S.; Galla, H.J. Transport of Poly(n-butylcyano-acrylate) nanoparticlcs across the blood-brain barrier in vitro and their influence on barrier integrity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2011, 406, 64-69.
56. Paolino, D.; Cosco, D.; Celano, M.; Moretti, S; Puxeddu, E; Russo, D; Fresta, M. Gemcitabine-loaded biocompatible nanocapsules for the effective treatment of human cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond), 2011, 8, 193-201.
57. Kumari, A.; Yadav, S.K.; Yadav, S.C. Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticlcs based drug delivery systems. Colloids Surf. B Bio-interfaces, 2010, 75, 1-18.
58. Danhier, F.; Ansorena, E.; Silva, J.M.; Coco, R.; Le Breton, A; Préat, V. PLGA-based nanoparticles: an overview of biomedical applications. J. Control. Release, 2012, 161, 505-522.
59. Gelperina, S.; Maksimenko, O.; Khalansky, A.; Vanchugova, L; Shipulo, E; Abbasova, K; Berdiev, R; Wohlfart, S; Chepumova, N; Kreuter, J. Drug delivery to the brain using surfactant-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles: influence of the formulation parameters. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2010, 74, 157-163.
60. Costantino, L.; Gandolfi, F.; Tosi, G.; Rivasi, F; Vandelli, M.A; Forni, F. Peptide-derivatized biodegradable nanoparticles able to cross the blood-brain barrier. J. Control. Release, 2005, 108, 84-96.
61. Costantino, L.; Gandolfi, F., Bossy-Nobs, L.; Tosi, G; Gurny, R; Rivasi, F; Vandelli, M.A; Forni, F. Nanoparticulate drug carriers based on hybrid poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide)-dendron structures. Biomaterials, 2006, 27, 4635-4645.
62. Tosi, G.; Costantino, L.; Rivasi, F.; Ruozi, B; Leo, E; Vergoni, A.V; Tacchi, R; Bertolini, A; Vandelli, M.A; Forni, F. Targeting the central nervous system: In vivo experiments with peptide-derivatized nanoparticles loaded with Loperamide and Rhodamine-123. J. Control. Release, 2007, 122, 1-9.
63. Townsend, S.A.; Evrony, G.D.; Gu, F.X.; Schulz, M.P; Brown, R.H. Jr.; Langer, R. Tetanus toxin C fragment-conjugated nanoparticlcs for targeted drug delivery to neurons. Biomaterials, 2007, 28, 5176-5184.
64. Rao, K.S.; Reddy, M.K.; Horning, J.L.; Labhasetwar, V. TAT-conjugated nanoparticles for the CNS delivery of anti-HIV drugs. Biomaterials, 2008, 29, 4429-4438.
65. Kratz, F. Albumin as a drug carrier: design of prodrugs, drug conjugates and nanoparticlcs. J. Control. Release, 2008, 132, 171-183.
66. Kreuter, J.; Hekmatara, T.; Dreis, S.; Vogel, T; Gelperina, S; Langer, K. Covalent attachment of apolipoprotein A-I and apolipo-protein B-100 to albumin nanoparticles enables drug transport into the brain. J. Control. Release, 2007, 118, 54-58.
67. Zensi, A.; Begley, D.; Pontikis, C; Legros, C; Mihoreanu, L; Wagner, S; Buchel, C; von Briesen, H; Kreuter, J. Albumin nanoparticles targeted with Apo E enter the CNS by transcytosis and are delivered to neurons. J. Control. Release, 2009, 137, 78-86.
68. Ulbrich, K.; Hekmatara, T.; Herbert, E.; Kreuter, J. Transferrin-and transferrin-reccptor-antibody-modificd nanoparticlcs enable drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2009, 71, 251-256.
69. Ulbrich, K.; Knobloch, T.; Kreuter, J. Targeting the insulin receptor: nanoparticlcs for drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). J. Drug Target., 2011, 19, 125-32.
70. Aktaş, Y.; Yemisci, M; Andricux, K; Gürsoy, R.N; Alonso, M.J; Fernandez-Megia, E; Novoa-Carballal, R; Quiñoá, E; Riguera, R; Sargon, M.F; Celik, H.H; Demir, A.S; Hincal, A.A; Dalkara, T; Capan, Y; Couvreur, P. Development and brain delivery of chi-tosan-PEG nanoparticles functionalized with the monoclonal antibody 0X26. Bioconjug. Chem., 2005, 16, 1503-1511.
71. Molinaro, R.; Wolfram, J.; Federico, C; Cilurzo, F; Di Marzio, L; Ventura, CA; Carafa, M; Celia, C; Fresta, M. Polyethylenimine and chitosan carriers for the delivery of RNA interference effectors. Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., 2013, 10, 1653-1668.
72. Ventura, CA.; Cannavà, C; Stancanclli, R; Paolino, D; Cosco, D; La Mantia, A; Pignatello, R; Tommasini, S. Gemcitabine-loaded chitosan microspheres. Characterization and biological in vitro evaluation. Biomed. Microdevices, 2011, 13, 799-807.
73. Malhotra, M.; Tomaro-Duchesneau, C; Prakash, S. Synthesis of TAT peptide-tagged PEGylated chitosannanoparticles for siRNA delivery targeting neurodegenerative diseases. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 1270-1280.
74. Mistry, A.; Stolnik, S., Ilium, L. Nanoparticles for direct nosc-to-brain delivery of drugs. Int. J. Pharm., 2009, 379, 146-157.
75. Bhojani, M.S.; Van Dort, M; Rehemtulla, A; Ross, B.D. Targeted imaging and therapy of brain cancer using theranostienanoparticles. Mol. Pharm., 2010, 7, 1921-1929.
76. Ling, Y.; Wei, K.; Zou, F.; Zhong, S. Temozolomide loaded PLGA-bascd superparamagnetic nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging and treatment of malignant glioma. Int. J. Pharm., 2012, 430, 266-275.
77. Chen, L.; Liu, L. Modern methods for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2012, 64, 640-665.
78. Chen, H.; Qin, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Jiang, W; Tang, L; Liu, J; He, Q. Lactoferrin modified doxorubicin-loaded procationic liposomes for the treatment of gliomas. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 44, 164-173.
79. Kateb, B.; Chiu, K.; Black, K.L.; Yamamoto, V.; Khalsa, B; Ljubimova, J.Y; Ding, H; Patil, R; Portilla-Arias, J.A; Modo, M; Moore, D.F; Farahani, K; Okun, M.S; Prakash, N; Neman, J., Ahdoot, D; Grundfest, W; Nikzad, S; Heiss, J.D. Nanoplatforms for constructing new approaches to cancer treatment, imaging, and drug delivery: what should be the policy? Neuroimage, 2011, 0, S106-S124.
80. Gentile, E.; Cilurzo, F.; Di Marzio, L; Carafa, M; Ventura, CA; Wolfram, J; Paolino, D; Celia, C Liposomal chemothcrapeutics. Future Oncol., 2013, 9, 1849-1859.
81. Celia, C; Ferrati, S.; Bansal, S; van de Ven, A.L; Ruozi, B; Zabre, E; Hosali, S; Paolino, D; Sarpietro, M.G; Fine, D; Fresta, M; Ferrari, M; Grattoni, A. Sustained Zero-Order Release of Intact Ultra-Stable Drug-Loaded Liposomes from an Implantable Nanochannel Delivery System. Adv. Healthc. Mater., 2014, 3, 230-238.
82. Celia, C; Trapasso, E.; Locatelli, M; Navarra, M; Ventura, CA; Wolfram, J; Carafa, M; Morittu, V.M; Britti, D; Di Marzio, L; Paolino, D. Anticancer activity of liposomal bergamot essential oil (BEO) on human neuroblastoma cells. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 2013, 112, 548-553.
83. Di Marzio, L.; Esposito, S; Rinaldi, F; Marianecci, C; Carafa, M. Polysorbate 20 vesicles as oral delivery system: in vitro characterization. Colloids SurfB Biointerfaces, 2013, 104, 200-206.
84. Arunothayanun, P.; Bernard, M.S.; Craig, D.Q.; Uchcgbu, I.F; Florence, A.T. The effect of processing variables on the physical characteristics of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) formed from a hexadecyl diglycerol ether. Int. J. Pharm., 2000, 201, 7-14.
85. Marianecci, C; Rinaldi, F.; Di Marzio, L., Pozzi, D; Caracciolo, G; Manno, D; Dini, L; Paolino, D; Celia, C; Carafa, M. Interaction of pH-sensitive non-phospholipid liposomes with cellular mimetic membranes. Biomed. Microdevices, 2013, 15, 299-309.
86. Di Marzio, L.; Marianecci, C; Cinque, B; Nazzarri, M; Cimini, A.M; Cristiano, L; Cifone, M.G; Alhaique, F; Carafa, M. pH-sensitivc non-phospholipid vesicle and macrophage-like cells: binding, uptake and endocytotic pathway. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2008, 1778, 2749-2756.
87. Discher, D.E.; Ahmed, F. Polymersomes. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 2006, 5, 323-341.
88. Kim, Y.; Tewari, M.; Pajerowski, J.D.; Cai, S.; Sen, S; Williams, J.H; Sirsi, S.R; Lutz, G.J; Discher, D.E. Polymersome delivery of siRNA and antisense oligonucleotides. J. Control. Release, 2009, 134, 132-140.
89. Christian, D.A.; Cai, S.; Bowen, D.M.; Kim, Y; Pajerowski, J.D; Discher, D.E. Polymersome carriers: from self-assembly to siRNA and protein therapeutics. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2009, 71, 463-474.
90. Discher, B.M.; Won, Y.Y.; Ege, D.S.; Lee, J.C; Bates, F.S; Discher, D.E; Hammer, D.A. Polymersomes: tough vesicles made from diblock copolymers. Science, 1999, 284, 1143-1146.
91. Wang, C.X.; Huang, L.S.; Hou, L.B.; Jiang, L; Yan, Z.T; Wang, Y.L; Chen, Z.L. Antitumor effects of polysorbatc-80 coated gem-citabine polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles in vitro and its pharmacodynamics In vivo on C6 glioma cells of a brain tumor model. Brain Res., 2009, 1261, 91-99.
92. Costantino, L.; Boraschi, D. Is there a clinical future for polymeric nanoparticles as brain-targeting drug delivery agents? Drug Discov. Today, 2012, 17, 367-378.
93. Kreuter, J. Drug delivery to the central nervous system by polymeric nanoparticles: What do we know? Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2014, 71, 2-14.
94. Pardridge W.M. Biopharmaceutical drug targeting to the brain. J. Drug Target., 2010, 18, 157-167.
95. Pardridge, W.M.; Boado, R.J. Reengineering biopharmaceuticals for targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier. Methods Enzymol., 2012, 503, 269-292.
96. Vlieghe, P.; Khrestchatisky, M. Medicinal chemistry based approaches and nanotechnology-bascd systems to improve CNS drug targeting and delivery. Med. Res. Rev., 2012, 33, 457-516.
97. Kozlovskaya, L.; Stcpensky, D. Quantitative analysis of the brain-targeted delivery of drugs and model compounds using nano-dclivery systems. J. Control. Release, 2013, 171, 17-23.
98. Koshkaryev, A.; Sawant, R.; Deshpande, M.; Torchilin, V. Immunoconjugatcs and long circulating systems: origins, current state of the art and future directions. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2013, 65, 24-35.
99. Fresta, M.; Puglisi, G. Reduction of maturation phenomenon in cerebral ischemia with CDP-cholinc-loaded liposomes. Pharm. Res., 1999, 16, 1843-1849.
100. Fresta, M.; Puglisi, G. Survival rate improvement in a rat ischemia model by long circulating liposomes containing cytidine-5I-diphosphatecholine. Life Sci., 1997, 61, 1227-1235.
101. Fresta, M.; Wehrli, E.; Puglisi, G. Enhanced therapeutic effect of cytidinc-5'-diphosphatccholinc when associated with GM1 containing small liposomes as demonstrated in a rat ischemia model. Pharm. Res., 1995, 12, 1769-1774.
102. Fresta, M.; Puglisi, G.; Di Giacomo, C; Russo, A. Liposomes as in-vivo carriers for citicolinc: effects on rat cerebral post-ischacmic reperfusion. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 1994, 46, 974-981.
103. Puglisi, G.; Fresta, M.; La Rosa, C; Ventura, CA; Panico, A.M; Mazzone, G. Liposomes as a potential drug carrier for citicoline (CDP-choline) and the effect of formulation conditions on encapsulation efficiency. Pharmazie, 1992, 47, 211-215.
104. Woodlc, M.C. Stcrically stabilized liposome therapeutics. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1995, 16, 249-265.
105. Hatakeyama, H.; Akita, H.; Ishida, E.; Hashimoto, K; Kobayashi, H; Aoki, T; Yasuda, J; Obata, K; Kikuchi, H; Ishida, T; Kiwada, H; Harashima, H. Tumor targeting of doxorubicin by anti-MT1-MMP antibody-modified PEG liposomes. Int. J. Pharm., 2001, 342, 194-200.
106. Li, X.; Ding, L.; Xu, Y.; Wang, Y; Ping, Q. Targeted delivery of doxorubicin using stealth liposomes modified with transferring. Int. J. Pharm., 2009, 373, 116-123.
107. Markoutsa, E.; Pampalakis, G.; Niarakis, A.; Romero, I.A.; Weksler, B; Couraud, P.O; Antimisiaris, S.G. Uptake and permeability studies of BBB-targeting immunoliposomcs using the hCMEC/D3 cell line. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2011, 77, 265-274.
108. Stolnik, S.; Ilium, L.; Davis, S.S. Long circulating microparticulatc drug carriers. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1995, 16, 195-214.
109. Coombes, A.G.A.; Scholes, P.D., Davies, M.C; Ilium. L; Davis, S.S. Resorbable polymeric microspheres for drug delivery-production and simultaneous surface modification using PEO-PPO surfactants. Biomaterials, 1994, 15, 673-680.
110. Schnyder, A.; Huwyler, J. Drug transport to brain with targeted liposomes. NeuroRx., 2005, 2, 99-107.
111. Intakhab, M.A.; Sarwar, B.; Abdus, S; Sanjula, B; Kanchan, K; Javed, A; Alka, A; Akbar, M. Strategy for effective brain drug delivery. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2010, 40, 385-403.
112. Gong, W.; Wang, Z.; Liu, N.; Lin, W; Wang, X; Xu, D; Liu, H; Zeng, C; Xie, X; Mei, X; Lü, W. Improving efficiency of adriamy-cin crossing blood brain barrier by combination of thcrmoscnsitivc liposomes and hyperthermia. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2011, 34, 1058-1064.
113. Pichandy, M.; Mishra, M.; Kanaiyan, S.; Rao, T.S.; Anbu, J. Formulation and psychopharmacological evaluation of surfactant modified liposome for parkinsonism disease. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res., 2010, 3, 46-54.
114. Anders, CK.; Adamo, B.; Karginova, O; Deal, A.M; Rawal, S; Darr, D; Schorzman, A; Santos, C; Bash, R; Kafri, T; Carey, L; Miller, CR; Perou, CM; Sharpless, N; Zamboni, W.C. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin in an intracranial model of breast cancer. PLoS One, 2013, 0, e61359.
115. Caraglia, M.; Luongo, L.; Salzano, G.; Zappavigna, S; Marra, M; Guida, F; Lusa, S; Giordano, C; De Novellis, V; Rossi, F; Abbruzzese-Saccardi, A; De Rosa, G; Maione, S. Stealth liposomes encapsulating zoledronic acid: a new opportunity to treat neuropathic pain. Mol. Pharmaceutics, 2013, 10, 1111-1118.
116. Yang, F.Y.; Teng, M.C.; Lu, M.; Liang, H.F.; Lee, Y.R; Yen, C.C; Liang, M.L; Wong, T.T. Treating glioblastoma multiforme with selective high-dose liposomal doxorubicin chemotherapy induced by repeated focused ultrasound. Int. J. Nanomedicine, 2012, 7, 965-974.
117. Treat, L.H.; Mcdannold, N.; Zhang, Y; Nataliavykhodtseva, Y; Hynynen, K. Improved anti-tumor effect of liposomal doxorubicin after targeted blood-brain barrier disruption by mri-guided focused ultrasound in rat glioma. Ultras. Med. Biol., 2012, 38, 1716-1725.
118. Yin, T.; Wang, P.; Li, J.; Zheng, R; Zheng, B; Cheng, D; Li, R; Lai, J; Shuai, X. Ultrasound-sensitive siRNA-loaded nanobubbles formed by heteroassembly of polymeric micelles and liposomes and their therapeutic effect in gliomas. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 4532-4543.
119. Writer, M.J.; Kyrtatos, P.G.; Bienemann, A.S.; Pugh, J.A; Lowe, A.S; Villegas-Llerena, C; Kenny, G.D; White, E.A; Gill, S.S; McLeod, C.W; Lythgoe, M.F., Hart, S.L. Lipid peptide nanocom-plexes for gene delivery and magnetic resonance imaging in the brain. J. Control. Release, 2012, 162, 340-348.
120. Salama, H.A.; Mahmoud, A.A.; Kamel, A.O.; Hady, M.A; Awad, G.A.S. Phospholipid based colloidal poloxamer-nanocubic vesicles for brain targeting via the nasal route. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 2012, 100, 146-154.
121. Waddad, A.Y.; Abbad, S.; Yu, F; Munyendo, W.L.L; Wang, J; Lv, H; Zhou, J. Formulation, characterization and pharmacokinetics of Morin hydrate niosomes prepared from various non-ionic surfactants. Int. J. Pharm., 2013. 456, 446-458.
122. Philosof-Mazor, L.; Dakwar, G.R.; Popov, M.; Kolusheva, S; Shames, A; Linder, C; Greenberg, S; Heldman, E; Stepensky, D; Jelinek, R. Bolaamphiphilic vesicles encapsulating iron oxide nanoparticles: new vehicles for magnetically targeted drug delivery. Int. J. Pharm., 2013, 450, 241-249.
123. Popov, M.; Abu-Hammad, I; Bachar, T; Grinberg, S; Linder, C; Stepensky, D; Heldman, E. Delivery of analgesic peptides to the brain by nano-sized bolaamphiphilic vesicles made of monolayer membranes. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2013, 85, 381-389.
124. Kabanov, A.V.; Chekhonin, V.P.; Alakhov, V.; Batrakova, E.V.; Lebedev, A.S; Melik-Nubarov, N.S; Arzhakov, S.A; Levashov, A.V; Morozov, G.V; Severin, E.S. The neuroleptic activity of haloperidol increases after its solubilization in surfactant micelles. Micelles as microcontainers for drug targeting. FEBS Lett., 1989, 258, 343-345.
125. Batrakova, E.V.; Miller, D.W.; Li, S.; Alakhov, V.Y.; Kabanov, A.V; Elmquist, W.F. Pluronic P85 enhances the delivery of di-goxin to the brain: in vitro and In vivo studies. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2001, 296, 551-557.
126. Abdelbary, G.A.; Tadros, M.I. Brain targeting of olanzapine via intranasal delivery of core-shell difunctional block copolymer mixed nanomicellar carriers: in vitro characterization, ex vivo estimation of nasal toxicity and In vivo biodistribution studies. Int. J. Pharm., 2013, 452, 300-310.
127. Saxena, V.; Hussain, M.D. Formulation and in vitroevaluation of 17-allyamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) loaded polymeric mixed micelles for glioblastoma multiforme. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 2013, 112, 350-355.
128. Alam, M.I.; Beg, S.; Samad, A; Baboota, S; Kohli, K; Ali, J; Ahuja, A; Akbar, M. Strategy for effective brain drug delivery. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2010, 40, 385-403.
129. Kastin, A.J.; Pan, W. In: Prokai, L.; Prokai-Tatrai, K; Peptide transport and delivery into the central nervous system; Peptide transport across the blood-brain barrier. Ed.; Progress in Drug Res.; Basel, Birkhauser Verlag, 2003; Vol. 61, pp. 79-100.
130. O'Mahony, A.M.; Godinho, B.M; Cryan, JF; O'Driscoll, CM. Non-viral nanosystems for gene and small interfering RNA delivery to the central nervous system: formulating the solution. J. Pharm. Sci., 2013, 102, 3469-3484.
131. Smith, Q.R.; Stoll, J. In: Paulson, O.B.; Knudsen G.M; Moos, T; Brain Barrier Systems; Molecular characterization of amino acid transporters at the blood-brain barrier. Ed.; Alfred Benzon Symposium, Copenhagen, 1999; Vol. 45, pp. 303-320.
132. Bickel, U.; Kang, Y.S.; Yoshikawa, T.; Pardridge, W.M. In vivo demonstration of subcellular localization of anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody-colloidal gold conjugate in brain capillary endothelium. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 1994, 42, 1493-1497.
133. Begley, D.J. Delivery of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system: the problems and the possibilities. Pharmacol. Ther., 2004, 104, 29-45.
134. Pardridge, W.M. Blood-brain barrier drug targeting: the future of brain drug development. Mol. Interv., 2003, 3, 90-105.
135. Ito, K.; Suzuki, H.; Horie, T.; Sugiyama, Y. Apical/basolateral surface expression of drug transporters and its role in vectorial drug transport. Pharm. Res., 2005, 22, 1559-1577.
136. Xiao, G.; Gan, L.S. Receptor-mediated endocytosis and brain delivery of therapeutic biologies. Int. J. Cell. Biol., 2013, 70, 35-45.
137. Chen, Y.; Liu, L. Modern methods for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barricr. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2012, 64, 640-65.
138. Dufès, C; Al Robaian, M; Somani, S. Transferrin and the transferrin receptor for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain and cancer cells. Ther. Deliv., 2013, 4, 629-640.
139. Kumar, P.; Wu, H.Q.; Mc Bride, J.L; Jung, K.E; Kim, M.H; Davidson, B.L; Lee, S.K; Shankar, P; Manjunath, N. Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system. Nature, 2007, 448, 39-43.
140. Kim, J.Y.; Choi, W.I.; Kim, Y.H.; Tae, G. Brain-targeted delivery of protein using chitosan- and RVG peptide-conjugated, pluronic-based nano-carrier. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 1170-1178.
141. Gong, C; Li, X.N.; Xu, L.L.; Zhang, Y.H. Target delivery of a gene into the brain using the RVG29-oligoarginine peptide. Biomaterials, 2012, 33, 3456-3463.
142. Ren, J.F.; Shen, S.; Wang, D.G.; Xi, Z.J; Guo, L.R; Pang, Z.Q; Qian, Y; Sun, X.Y; Jiang, X.G. The targeted delivery of anticancer drugs to brain glioma by PEGylatcd oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with angiopep-2. Biomaterials, 2012, 33, 3324-3333.
143. Ke, W.L.; Shao, K; Huang, R.Q; Han, L; Liu, Y; Li, J.F; Kuang, Y.Y; Ye, L.Y; Lou, J.N; Jiang, C Gene delivery targeted to the brain using an Angiopep-conjugated polyethyleneglycol-modified polyamidoaminc dendrimcr. Biomaterials, 2009, 30, 6976-6985.
144. Yan, F.; Wang, Y.; He, S.; Ku, S; Gu, W; Ye, L. Transferrin-conjugated, fluorescein-loaded magnetic nanoparticles for targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier. J. Mat. Sci. Mat. Med., 2013, 24, 2371-2379.
145. Bao, H.; Jin, X.; Li, L.; Lv, F; Liu, T. 0X26 modified hyper-branched polyglycerol-conjugatcd poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of its brain delivery ability. J. Mat. Sci. Mat. Med., 2012, 23, 1891-1901.
146. Paul, S.M. Therapeutic antibodies for brain disorders. Sci Transi. Med., 2011, 0, 84ps20.
147. Pardridge, W.M.; Triguero, D.; Buciak, J; Yang, J. Evaluation of cationized rat albumin as a potential blood-brain barrier drug transport vector. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 1990, 255, 893-899.
148. Hervé, F.; Ghinca, N; Schcrrmann, J.M. CNS delivery via adsorptive transcytosis. AAPSJ., 2008, 10, 455-472.
149. Pardridge, W.M. Re-engincering biopharmaceuticals for delivery to brain with molecular Trojan horses. Bioconjug. Chem., 2008, 19, 1327-1338.
150. Blau, S.; Jubeh, T.T.; Haupt, S.M.; Rubinstein, A. Drug targeting by surface cationization. Cht. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst., 2000, 17, 425-465.
151. Frank, R.T.; Aboody, K.S.; Najbauer, J. Strategics for enhancing antibody delivery to the brain. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2011, 1816, 191-198.
152. Godinho, B.M.; McCarthy, D.J; Torres-Fuentes, C; Beltrán, C.J; McCarthy, J., Quinlan, A; Ogier, J.R; Darcy, R; O'Driscoll, CM; Cryan, J.F. Differential nanotoxicological and neuroinflam-matory liabilities of non-viral vectors for RNA interference in the central nervous system. Biomaterials, 2014, 35, 489-499.
153. Rocha, S. Targeted drug delivery across the blood brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2013, 19, 6635-6646.
154. Shir, A.; Levitzki, A.; Wagner, E.; Klein, S; Ogris, M. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics for glioblastoma. Anticancer Agents Med. Chem., 2011, 11, 693-699.
155. Li, X.F.; Zhao, W.; Lin, F; Ye, Q; Wang, H.J; Yang, D; Li, S.H; Zhao, H; Xu, Y.P; Ma, J; Deng, Y.Q; Zhang, Y; Qin, E.D; Qin, CF. Development of chimaeric West Nile virus attenuated vaccine candidate based on the Japanese encephalitis vaccine strain SA 14-14-2. J. Gen. Virol., 2013, 94 Pt 12, 2700-2709.
156. Plattner, V.E.; Germann, B.; Neuhaus, W; Noe, CR; Gabor, F; Wirth, M. Characterization of two blood-brain barrier mimicking cell lines: distribution of lectin-binding sites and perspectives for drug delivery. Int. J. Pharm., 2010, 387, 34-41.
157. Lu, W. Adsorptive-mediatcd brain delivery systems. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnot., 2012, 13, 2340-2348.
158. Hemmer, R., Hall, A., Spaulding, R.; Rossow, B; Hester, M; Caroway, M; Haskamp, A; Wall, S; Bullen, H.A; Morris, C; Haik, K.L. Analysis of biotinylatcd generation 4 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer distribution in the rat brain and toxicity in a cellular model of the blood-brain barrier. Molecules, 2013, 18, 11537-11552.
159. Tosi, G.; Badiali, L.; Ruozi, B.; Vergoni, A.V.; Bondioli, L; Ferrari, A; Rivasi, F; Fomi, F; Vandelli, M.A. Can leptin-derived sequence-modified nanoparticlcs be suitable tools for brain delivery? Nanomedicine (Lond), 2012, 7, 365-382.
160. Liao, A.H., Shen, C.C; Cheng, C.H; Chuang, H.C; Wang, C.H; Lin, C.H. Measurements of lifetime and attenuation properties of ultrasound/magnetic resonance multimodality molecular probe. J. Med. Biol. Eng., 2013, 33, 285-292.
161. Begley, D.J. (2004). In: Sharma H.S.; Weslman J.; Blood-spinal Cord and Brain Barriers in Health and Disease; Efflux mechanisms in the central nervous system: a powerful influence on drug distribution within the brain, Ed.; Elsevier; San Diego, 2004; Vol. 7, pp. 83-97.
162. Gaillard, P.J.; Visser, C.C.; de Boer, A.G. Targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier. Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., 2005, 2, 299-309.
163. Geier, E.G.; Chen, E.C.; Webb, A.; Papp, A.C.; Yee, S.W; Sadee, W; Giacomini, K.M. Profiling solute carrier transporters in the human blood-brain barrier. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 2013, 94, 636-639.
164. Oberoi, R.K.; Mittapalli, R.K.; Elmquist, W.F. Pharmacokinetic assessment of efflux transport in sunitinib distribution to the brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2013, 347, 755-764.
165. Mittapalli, R.K; Vaidhyanathan, S; Dudek, A.Z; Elmquist, W.F. Mechanisms limiting distribution of the threonine-protein kinase B-RaF(V600E) inhibitor dabrafenib to the brain: implications for the treatment of melanoma brain metastases. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 2013, 544, 655-664.
166. Sane, R.; Mittapalli, R.K.; Elmquist, W.F. Development and evaluation of a novel microemulsion formulation of elacridar to improve its bioavailability. J. Pharm. Sci., 2013, 102, 1343-1354.
167. Demeule, M.; Régina, A; Jodoin, J; Laplante, A; Dagenais, C; Berthclct, F; Moghrabi, A; Bélivcau, R. Drug transport to the brain: key roles for the efflux pump P-glycoprotein in the blood-brain barrier. Vaseul. Pharmacol, 2002, 38, 339-348.
168. Löscher, W.; Potschka, H. Drug resistance in brain diseases and the role of drug efflux transporters. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2005, 6, 591-602.
169. Mäe, M.; Langel, U. Cell-penetrating peptides as vectors for peptide, protein and oligonucleotide delivery. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol., 2006, 6, 509-514.
170. Derossi, D.; Joliot, A.H.; Chassaing, G.; Prochiantz, A. The third helix of the Antennapedia homeodomain translocates through biological membranes. J. Biol. Chem., 1994, 269, 10444-10450.
171. Herce, H.D.; Garcia, A.E. Cell penetrating peptides: how do they do it? J. Biol. Phys., 2007, 33, 345-356.
172. Fittipaldi, A.; Ferrari, A.; Zoppé, M; Arcangeli, C; Pellegrini, V; Beltram, F; Giacca, M. Cell membrane lipid rafts mediate caveolar endocytosis of HIV-1 Tat fusion proteins. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 275, 34141-34149.
173. Torchilin, V.P.; Rammohan, R., Wcissig, V., Leuchenko, T.S. TAT peptide on the surface of liposomes affords their efficient intracellular delivery even at low temperature and in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 98, 8786-8791.
174. Wadia, J.S.; Dowdy, S.F. Protein transduction technology. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol, 2002, 13, 52-56.
175. Richard, J.P.; Mclikov, K; Vives, E; Ramos, C; Verbeure, B; Gait, M. J; Chemomordik, L.V; Lebleu, B. Cell penetrating peptides: a re-evaluation of the mechanism of cellular uptake. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 585-590.
176. Sawant, R.R.; Patel, N.R.; Torchilin, V. Terapheutic delivery using cell-penetrating peptides Eur. J. Nanomedicine, 2013, 5, 141-158.
177. Ziegler, A. Thermodynamic studies and binding mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides with lipids and glycosaminoglycans. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2008, 60, 580-597.
178. Howl, J.; Matou-Nasri, S; West, D.C; Farquhar, M; Slaninová, J; Ostenson, CG; Zorko, M; Ostlund, P; Kumar, S; Langel, U; Mc Keating, J; Jones, S. Bioportide: an emergent concept of bioactive cell-penetrating peptides. Cell Mol. Life Sci., 2012, 69, 2951-2966.
179. Cavallucci, V.; D'Amelio, M. Matter of life and death: the pharmacological approaches targeting apoptosis in brain diseases. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2011, 17, 215-229.
180. Yu, Y.J.; Watts, R.J. Developing therapeutic antibodies for neurodegenerative disease. Neurotherapeutics, 2013, 10, 459-472.
181. Deng, B.; Gou, X.; Chen, H.; Li, L; Zhong, H; Xu, H; Jiang, F; Zhao, Z; Wang, Q; Xu, L. Targeted delivery of neurogenin-2 protein in the treatment for cerebral ischemia-repcrfusion injury. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 8786-8797.
182. Yang, D.; Sun, Y.Y.; Lin, X.; Baumann, J.M.; Dunn, R.S; Lind-quist, D.M; Kuan, C.Y. Intranasal delivery of cell-penetrating anti-NF-KB peptides (Tat-NBD) alleviates infection-sensitized hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Exp. Neurol., 2013, 247, 447-455.
183. Tian, X.H.; Wang, Z.G.; Meng, H.; Wang, Y.H.; Feng, W; Wei, F., Huang, Z.C; Lin, X.N; Ren, L. Tat peptide-decorated gelatin-siloxanc nanoparticlcs for delivery of CGRP transgene in treatment of cerebral vasospasm. Int. J. Nanomedicine, 2013, 8, 865-876.
184. Jin, J.; Lam, L.; Sadie, E.; Fernandez, F; Tan, J; Giunta, B. HIV-1 Tat-induced microglial activation and neuronal damage is inhibited via CD45 modulation: A potential new treatment target for HAND. Am. J. Transi. Res., 2012, 4, 302-315.
185. Pereira, T.C.; Lopes-Ccndcs, I. Emerging RNA-based drugs: siR-NAs, microRNAs and derivates. Cent. Nerv. Syst. Agents Med. Chem., 2012, 12, 217-232.
186. Malhotra, M.; Tomaro-Duchesneau, C; Prakash, S. Synthesis of TAT peptide-tagged PEGylated chitosan nanoparticlcs for si RNA delivery targeting neurodegenerative diseases. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 1270-1280.
187. Subra, C; Laulagnier, K; Perret, B; Record, M. Exosome lipidom-ics unravels lipid sorting at the level of multivesicular bodies. Biochimie, 2007, 89, 205-212.
188. Wolfers, J.; Lozier, A.; Raposo, G.; Regnault, A; Théry, C; Masurier, C; Flament, C; Pouzieux, S; Faure, F; Tursz, T; Angevin, E; Amigorena, S; Zitvogcl, L. Tumor-derived exosomes are a source of shared tumor rejection antigens for CTL cross-priming. Nat. Med., 2001, 7, 297-303.
189. Simpson, R.J.; Lim, J.W.; Moritz, R.L.; Mathivanan, S. Exosomes: proteomic insights and diagnostic potential. Expert Rev. Proteomics, 2009, 6, 267-283.
190. Simpson, R.J.; Jensen, S.S.; Lim, J.W. Proteomic profiling of exosomes: current perspectives. Proteomics, 2008, 8, 4083-4099.
191. Skog, J.; Würdinger, T; van Rijn, S; Meijer, D.H; Gainche, L; Sena-Esteves, M; Curry, W.T. Jr.; Carter, B.S; Krichevsky, A.M; Breakefield, X.O. Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic bio-markers. Nat. Cell Biol, 2008, 10, 1470-1476.
192. Wood, M.J.; O'Loughlin, A.J; Samira, L. Exosomes and the blood-brain barrier: implications for neurological diseases. Ther. Deliv., 2011, 2, 1095-1099.
193. Alvarez-Erviti, L.; Seow, Y.; Yin, H.; Betts, C; Lakhal, S; Wood, M.J. Delivery of siRNA to the mouse brain by systemic injection of targeted exosomes. Nat. Biotechnoi, 2011, 29, 341-345.
194. Liu, R.; Liu, J.; Ji, X.; Liu, Y. Synthetic nucleic acids delivered by exosomes: a potential therapeutic for gene related metabolic brain diseases. Metab. Brain Dis., 2013, 28, 551-562.
195. Camacho, L.; Guerrero, P.; Marchetti, D. Micro RNA and protein profiling of brain metastasis competent cell-derived exosomes. PLoS One, 2013, 0, e73790.
196. Orive, G.; Anitua, E.; Pedraz, J.L.; Emerich, D.F. Biomaterials for promoting brain protection, repair and regeneration. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2009, 10, 682-692.
197. Modi, G.; Pillay, V.; Choonara, Y.E. Advances in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders employing nanotechnology. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2010, 1184, 154-172.
198. Corot, C. Use of metal nanoparticles in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. U. S. Patent 8, 349, 293 B2, January 8, 2013.
199. Cohen, C; Rzigalinski, B. A.; Singh, N. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Disorders Associated with Free Radical Production and/or Mitochondrial Dysfunction. U. S. Patent 20, 090, 092, 671 A1, June 4, 2009.
200. Legname, G. A.; Krol, S.; Costa-De Sousa, M.F. Gold nanoparticles coated with polyelectrolytes and use there of as medicament for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases caused by protein aggregates. W. O. Patent 20, 10, 052, 665 A2, May 14, 2010.
201. Haick, FL; Tisch, U. Method of diagnosing, prognosing and monitoring alzhcimer's disease. U. S. Patent 20, 120, 245, 854 A1, September 27, 2012.
202. Nair, M. P. N.; Saiyed, Z.M. Magnetic nanodelivcry of therapeutic agents across the blood brain barrier. W. O. Patent 2, 010, 025, 322 A2, September 1, 2011.
203. Kannan, R. M.; Kannan, S.; Romero, R. Dendrimer based nanode-vices for therapeutic and imaging purposes. W. O. Patent 2, 010, 147, 831 A1 December 23, 2010.
204. Pang, Z.; Feng, L.; Hua, R.; Chen, J; Gao, FL; Pan, S; Jiang, X; Zhang, P. Lactoferrin-conjugated biodegradable polymersome holding doxorubicin and tetrandrine for chemotherapy of glioma rats. Mol. Pharm., 2010, 7, 1995-2005.
205. Kondapi, A. K. Novel nanoparticles of apotransferrin/transferrin, pharmaceutical composition containing them and processes for their preparation. W. O. Patent 2, 008, 026, 224 A3, April 9, 2009.
206. Kondapi, A. K. Novel Nanoparticles of lactoferrin useful for preparing a pharmaceutical composition facilitating easy delivery of the drug and a process for preparing the same. U. S. Patent 20, 130, 323, 314 A1, December 5, 2013.
207. Greig, N. H.; Micklus, M. J.; Rapoport, S.I. Targeting of liposomes to the blood-brain barrier. W. O. Patent 1, 994, 002, 178 A1, February 3, 1994.
208. Kabanov, A.V.; Batrakova, E.V.; Melik-Nubarov, N.S. Fedoseev, N.A; Dorodnich, T.Y; Alakhov, V.Y; Chekhonin, P; Nazarova, LR; Kabanov, V.A. New classes of drug carries: micelles of poly(oxyethylene) - poly(oxypropylene block copolymersas micro-containers for drug targeting form blood in brain. J. Control. Release, 1992, 22, 141-158.
209. Batrakova, E.V.; Vinogradov, S.V.; Robinson, S.M.; Nichoff, M.L; Banks, W.A; Kabanov, A.V. Polypeptide point modifications with fatty acid and amphiphilic block copolymers for enhanced brain delivery. Bioconjug. Chem., 2005, 16, 793-802.
210. Pathan, S.A.; Iqbal, Z.; Zaidi, S.M.; Talegaonkar, S; Vohra, D; Jain, G.K; Azeem, A; Jain, N; Lalani, J.R; Khar, R.K; Ahmad, F.J. CNS drug delivery systems: novel approachcs. Recent Pat. Drug Deliv. Formul, 2009, 3, 71-89.
211. Brem, H.; Mahaley, M.S. Jr.; Vick, N.A; Black, K.L; Schold, S.C. Jr.; Burger, P.C; Friedman, A.H; Ciric, LS; Eller, T.W; Cozzens, J.W; Kenealy, J.N. Interstitial chemotherapy with drug polymer implants for the treatment of recurrent gliomas. J. Neurosurg., 1991, 74, 441-446.
212. Guerin, C; Olivi, A.; Weingart, J.D.; Lawson, H.C; Brem, H. Recent advances in brain tumor therapy: local intracerebral drug delivery by polymers. Invest. New Drugs, 2004, 22, 27-37.
213. Gabizon, A.A.; Shmeeda, H.; Zalipsky, S. Pros and cons of the liposome platform in cancer drug targeting. J. Liposome Res., 2006, 16, 175-183.
214. Gradishar, W.J. Albumin-bound paclitaxel: a next-generation tax-ane. Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 2006, 7, 1041-1053.
215. Kreuter, J.; Alyautdin, R.N.; Kharkevich, D.A.; Ivanov, A.A. Passage of peptides through the blood-brain barrier with colloidal polymer particles (nanoparticles). Brain Res., 1995, 674, 171-174.
216. Das, D.; Lin, S. Double-coated poly (butylcynanoacrylatc) nanoparticulate delivery systems for brain targeting of dalargin via oral administration. J. Pharm. Sci., 2005, 94, 1343-1353.
217. Gulyaev, A.E.; Gelperina, S.E.; Skidan, I.N.; Antropov, A.S., Kivman, G.Y; Kreuter, J. Significant transport of doxorubicin into the brain with polysorbate 80-coated nanoparticles. Pharm. Res., 1999, 16, 1564-1569.
218. Wohlfart, S.; Khalansky, A.S.; Gelperina, S.; Begley, D; Kreuter, J. Kinetics of transport of doxorubicin bound to nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier. J. Control. Release, 2011, 154, 103-107.
219. Wang, C.X.; Huang, L.S.; Hou, L.B.; Jiang, L; Yan, Z.T; Wang, Y.L; Chen, Z.L. Antitumor effects of polysorbatc-80 coated gem-citabine polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles in vitro and its pharmacodynamics In vivo on C6 glioma cells of a brain tumor model. Brain Res., 2009, 1261, 91-99.
220. Schroeder, U.; Sommerfeld, P.; Ulrich, S.; Sabel, B.A. Nanoparticle technology for delivery of drugs across the blood-brain barrier. J. Pharm. Sci., 1998, 57, 1305-1307.
221. Alyautdin, R.N.; Petrov, V.E.; Langer, K.; Berthold, A; Kharkevich, D.A; Kreuter, J. Delivery of loperamide across the blood-brain barrier with polysorbate 80-coated polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. Pharm. Res., 1997, 14, 325-328.
222. Gao, K.; Jiang, X. Influence of particle size on transport of methotrexate across blood brain barrier by polysorbate 80-coatcd polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. Int. J. Pharm., 2006, 310, 213-219.
223. Friese, A.; Seiller, E.; Quack, G.; Lorenz, B; Kreuter, J. Increase of the duration of the anticonvulsive activity of a novel NMDA receptor antagonist using poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles as a parenteral controlled release system. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2000, 49, 103-109.
224. Kurakhmaeva, K.B.; Djindjikhashvili, I.A.; Petrov, V.E.; Balabanyan, V.U; Voronina, T.A; Trofimov, S.S; Kreuter, J; Gelperina, S; Begley, D; Alyautdin, R.N. Brain targeting of nerve growth factor using poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. J. Drug Target., 2009, 17, 564-574.
225. Wilson, B.; Samanta, M.K.; Santhi, K.; Kumar, K.P.; Paramakrishnan, N; Suresh, B. Poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with polysorbate 80 for the targeted delivery of rivastigmine into the brain to treat Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res., 2008, 1200, 159-168.
226. Kuo, Y.C.; Su, F.L. Transport of stavudine, delavirdine, and saquinavir across the blood-brain barrier by polybutylcyanoacrylate, methylmethacrylate-sulfopropylmethacrylate, and solid lipid nanoparticles. Int. J. Pharm., 2007, 340, 143-152.
227. Wilson, B.; Samanta, M.K.; Santhi, K.; Kumar, K.P.; Paramakrishnan, N; Suresh, B. Targeted delivery of tacrine into the brain with polysorbate 80-coated poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2008, 70, 75-84.
228. Tian, X.H.; Lin, X.N.; Wei, F.; Feng, W; Huang, Z.C; Wang, P; Ren, L; Diao, Y. Enhanced brain targeting of temozolomide in polysorbate-80 coated polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles. Int. J. Nanomedicine, 2011, 6, 445-452.
229. Alyautdin, R.N.; Tezikov, E.B.; Ramge, P.; Kharkevich, D.A.; Begley, D.J; Kreuter, J. Significant entry of tubocurarine into the brain of rats by adsorption to polysorbate 80-coated polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles: an in situ brain perfusion study. J. Microencapsul, 1998, 15, 67-74.
230. Darius, J.; Meyer, F.P.; Sabel, B.A.; Schroeder, U. Influence of nanoparticles on the brain-to-serum distribution and the metabolism of valproic acid in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2000, 52, 1043-1047.
231. Simsek, S.; Eroglu, H.; Kurum, B.; Ulubayram, K. Brain targeting of Atorvastatin loaded amphiphilic PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles. J. Microencapsul., 2013, 30, 10-20.
232. Vergoni, A.V.; Tosi, G.; Tacchi, R; Vandelli, M.A; Bertolini, A; Costantino, L. Nanoparticles as drug delivery agents specific for CNS: In vivo biodistribution. Nanomedicine, 2009, 5, 369-377.
233. Hu, K.; Li, J.; Shen, Y.; Lu, W; Gao, X; Zhang, Q; Jiang, X. Lactoferrin-conjugated PEG-PLA nanoparticles with improved brain delivery: in vitro and In vivo evaluations. J. Control. Release, 2009, 754, 55-61.
234. Hu, K.; Shi, Y.; Jiang, W.; Han, J; Huang, S; Jiang, X. Lactoferrin conjugated PEG-PLGA nanoparticles for brain delivery: preparation, characterization and efficacy in Parkinson's disease. Int. J. Pharm., 2011, 415, 273-283.
235. Li, J.; Feng, L.; Fan, L.; Zha, Y; Guo, L; Zhang, Q; Chen, J; Pang, Z; Wang, Y; Jiang, X; Yang, V.C; Wen, L. Targeting the brain with PEG-PLGAnanoparticles modified with phage-displayed peptides. Biomaterials, 2011, 32, 4943-4950.
236. Wang, Z.H.; Wang, Z.Y.; Sun, CS; Wang, C.Y; Jiang, T.Y; Wang, S.L. Trimethylated chitosan-conjugated PLGAnanoparticles for the delivery of drugs to the brain. Biomaterials, 2010, 31, 908-915.
237. Mathew, A.; Fukuda, T.; Nagaoka, Y.; Hasumura, T; Morimoto, H; Yoshida, Y; Maekawa, T; Venugopal, K; Kumar, D.S. Curcumin loadcd-PLGAnanoparticles conjugated with Tet-1 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One, 2012, 0, C326I6.
238. Bao, H.; Jin, X.; Li, L.; Lv, F; Liu, T. 0X26 modified hyper-branched polyglycerol-conjugated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of its brain delivery ability. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med, 2012, 23, 1891-901.
239. Kuo, Y.C.; Lin, P.I.; Wang, C.C. Targeting nevirapine delivery across human brain microvascular endothelial cells using transfer-rin-grafted poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond), 2011, 6, 1011-1026.
240. Rao, K.S.; Reddy, M.K.; Horning, J.L.; Labhasetwar, V. TAT-conjugated nanoparticles for the CNS delivery of anti-HIV drugs. Biomaterials, 2008, 29, 4429-4438.
241. Parikh, T.; Bommana, M.M.; Squillante, E. 3rd. Efficacy of surface charge in targeting pegylated nanoparticles of sulpiride to the brain. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 2010, 74, 442-450.
242. Iannone, M.; Cosco, D.; Cilurzo, F.; Celia, C; Paolino, D; Mollace, V; Rotiroti, D; Frcsta, M. A novel animal model to evaluate the ability of a drug delivery system to promote the passage through the BBB. Neurosci. Lett., 2010, 469, 93-96.
243. Mdzinarishvili, A.; Sutariya, V.; Talasila, P.K.; Geldenhuys, W.J.; Sadana, P. Engineering triiodothyronine (T3) nanoparticle for use in ischemic brain stroke. Drug Deliv. Transi. Res., 2013, 3, 309-317.
244. Chen, C; Mei, H.; Shi, W; Deng, J; Zhang, B., Guo, T; Wang, H; Hu, Y. EGFP-EGF1-conjugated PLGAnanoparticles for targeted delivery of siRNA into injured brain microvascular endothelial cells for efficient RNA interference. PLoS One, 2013, 0, e60860.
245. Shi, W.; Mei, H.; Deng, J.; Chen, C; Wang, H; Guo, T; Zhang, B; Pang, Z; Jiang, X; Wang, X; Lei, H; Hu, Y. The delivery of thrombi-specific nanoparticles incorporating oligonucleotides into injured cerebrovascular endothelium. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 4128-4136.
246. Townsend, S.A.; Evrony, G.D.; Gu, F.X.; Schulz, M.P; Brown, R.H. Jr.; Langer, R. Tetanus toxin C fragment-conjugated nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery to neurons. Biomaterials, 2007, 28, 5176-5184.
247. Jaruszewski, K.M.; Ramakrishnan, S.; Poduslo, J.F.; Kandimalla, K.K. Chitosan enhances the stability and targeting of immuno-nanovchicles to cerebro-vascular deposits of Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein. Nanomedicine, 2012, 8, 250-260.
248. Wagner, S.; Kufleitner, J.; Zensi, A.; Dadparvar, M; Wien, S; Bungert, J; Vogel, T; Worek, F; Kreuter, J; von Briesen, H. Nanoparticulate transport of oximes over an in vitro blood-brain barrier model. PLoS One, 2010, 0, e14213.
249. Patel, P.J.; Acharya, N.S.; Acharya, S.R. Development and characterization of glutathione-conjugated albumin nanoparticles for improved braindelivery of hydrophilic fluorescent marker. Drug Deliv., 2013, 20, 143-155.
250. Chen, W.; Zhan, C; Gu, B; Meng, Q; Wang, H; Lu, W; Hou, H. Targeted braindelivery of itraconazole via RVG29 anchored nanoparticles. J. Drug Target., 2011, 19, 228-234.
251. Lu, W.; Sun, Q.; Wan, J.; She, Z; Jiang, X.G. Cationic albumin-conjugated pegylated nanoparticles allow gene delivery into brain tumors via intravenous administration. Cancer Res., 2006, 66, 11878-1187.
252. Liu, X.; Ye, M.; An, C; Pan, L; Ji, L. The effect of cationic albumin-conjugated PEGylated tanshinone IIA nanoparticles on neuronal signal pathways and neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 6893-6905.
253. Yemişci, M.; Gürsoy-Özdemir, Y; Caban, S; Bodur, E; Capan, Y; Dalkara, T. Transport of a caspase inhibitor across the blood-brain barrier by chitosan nanoparticles. Methods Enzymol., 2012, 508, 253-269.
254. Wu, W.; Lee, S.Y.; Wu, X.; Tyler, J.Y.; Wang, H; Ouyang, Z; Park, K; Xu, X.M; Cheng, J.X. Neuroprotective ferulic acid (FA)-glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles for functional restoration of traumatically injured spinal cord. Biomaterials, 2014, 35, 2355-2364.
255. Nagpal, K.; Singh, S.K.; Mishra, D.N. Nanoparticle mediated brain targeted delivery of gallic acid: In vivo behavioral and biochemical studies for improved antioxidant and antidcprcssant-likc activity. Drug Deliv., 2012, 19, 378-391.
256. Trapani, A.; Denora, N.; Iacobellis, G.; Sitterberg, J; Bakowsky, U; Kissel, T. Methotrexate-loaded chitosan- and glycol chitosan-based nanoparticles: a promising strategy for the administration of the anticancer drug to brain tumors. AAPS PharmSciTech., 2011, 12, 1302-1311.
257. Nagpal, K.; Singh, S.K.; Mishra, D. Evaluation of safety and efficacy of brain targeted chitosan nanoparticles of minocycline. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2013, 59, 20-28.
258. Malhotra, M.; Tomaro-Duchesneau, C; Prakash, S. Synthesis of TAT peptide-tagged PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles for siRNA delivery targeting neurodegenerative diseases. Biomaterials, 2013, 34, 1270-1280.