메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 2-17

Metabolic dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: A critical examination of underlying mechanisms

Author keywords

Hypoxia; Oxidative stress; Sleep fragmentation; Sympathetic nervous system

Indexed keywords

CATECHOLAMINE; GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; NITRIC OXIDE; REACTIVE NITROGEN SPECIES; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE;

EID: 84920896801     PISSN: 14469235     EISSN: 14798425     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/sbr.12078     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (59)

References (228)
  • 3
    • 70350490541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of sleep apnea: rationale, design, and major findings of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study
    • Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Peppard PE, Nieto FJ, Hla KM. Burden of sleep apnea: rationale, design, and major findings of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study. WMJ 2009; 108: 246-249.
    • (2009) WMJ , vol.108 , pp. 246-249
    • Young, T.1    Palta, M.2    Dempsey, J.3    Peppard, P.E.4    Nieto, F.J.5    Hla, K.M.6
  • 4
    • 2442580978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnoea is independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome
    • Coughlin SR, Mawdsley L, Mugarza JA, Calverley PM, Wilding JP. Obstructive sleep apnoea is independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Eur. Heart J. 2004; 25: 735-741.
    • (2004) Eur. Heart J. , vol.25 , pp. 735-741
    • Coughlin, S.R.1    Mawdsley, L.2    Mugarza, J.A.3    Calverley, P.M.4    Wilding, J.P.5
  • 6
    • 0035897696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)
    • Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III).
    • Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486-2497.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2486-2497
  • 7
    • 0024160877 scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1595-1607.
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1607
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 8
    • 77049308856 scopus 로고
    • Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry
    • Harman D. Aging: a theory based on free radical and radiation chemistry. J. Gerontol. 1956; 11: 298-300.
    • (1956) J. Gerontol. , vol.11 , pp. 298-300
    • Harman, D.1
  • 9
    • 2442674412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for lipid peroxidation in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Lavie L, Vishnevsky A, Lavie P. Evidence for lipid peroxidation in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2004; 27: 123-128.
    • (2004) Sleep , vol.27 , pp. 123-128
    • Lavie, L.1    Vishnevsky, A.2    Lavie, P.3
  • 11
    • 85057634242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salivary markers of oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure
    • Epub ahead of print].
    • Tóthová L, Hodosy J, Mucska I, Celec P. Salivary markers of oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep Breath. 2013; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Sleep Breath.
    • Tóthová, L.1    Hodosy, J.2    Mucska, I.3    Celec, P.4
  • 12
    • 0142042362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8-Isoprostane, a marker of oxidative stress, is increased in exhaled breath condensate of patients with obstructive sleep apnea after night and is reduced by continuous positive airway pressure therapy
    • Carpagnano GE, Kharitonov SA, Resta O, Foschino-Barbaro MP, Gramiccioni E, Barnes PJ. 8-Isoprostane, a marker of oxidative stress, is increased in exhaled breath condensate of patients with obstructive sleep apnea after night and is reduced by continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Chest 2003; 124: 1386-1392.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , pp. 1386-1392
    • Carpagnano, G.E.1    Kharitonov, S.A.2    Resta, O.3    Foschino-Barbaro, M.P.4    Gramiccioni, E.5    Barnes, P.J.6
  • 13
    • 33947377125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of 1-year treatment with a herbst mandibular advancement splint on obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress, and endothelial function
    • Itzhaki S, Dorchin H, Clark G, Lavie L, Lavie P, Pillar G. The effects of 1-year treatment with a herbst mandibular advancement splint on obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress, and endothelial function. Chest 2007; 131: 740-749.
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 740-749
    • Itzhaki, S.1    Dorchin, H.2    Clark, G.3    Lavie, L.4    Lavie, P.5    Pillar, G.6
  • 14
    • 84899158042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between the serum level of advanced oxidation protein products and the cognitive function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
    • Yang XH, Liu X, Shang J, Liu HG, Xu YJ. Correlation between the serum level of advanced oxidation protein products and the cognitive function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2013; 36: 274-279.
    • (2013) Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi , vol.36 , pp. 274-279
    • Yang, X.H.1    Liu, X.2    Shang, J.3    Liu, H.G.4    Xu, Y.J.5
  • 15
    • 84861481726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative and carbonyl stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure
    • Celec P, Hodosy J, Behuliak M etal. Oxidative and carbonyl stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep Breath. 2012; 16: 393-398.
    • (2012) Sleep Breath. , vol.16 , pp. 393-398
    • Celec, P.1    Hodosy, J.2    Behuliak, M.3
  • 16
    • 19844383448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Yamauchi M, Nakano H, Maekawa J etal. Oxidative stress in obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 2005; 127: 1674-1679.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , pp. 1674-1679
    • Yamauchi, M.1    Nakano, H.2    Maekawa, J.3
  • 18
    • 0033845075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced release of superoxide from polymorphonuclear neutrophils in obstructive sleep apnea. Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy
    • Schulz R, Mahmoudi S, Hattar K etal. Enhanced release of superoxide from polymorphonuclear neutrophils in obstructive sleep apnea. Impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 162 (2 Pt 1): 566-570.
    • (2000) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.162 , Issue.2 , pp. 566-570
    • Schulz, R.1    Mahmoudi, S.2    Hattar, K.3
  • 19
    • 0036528981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased adhesion molecules expression and production of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of sleep apnea patients
    • Dyugovskaya L, Lavie P, Lavie L. Increased adhesion molecules expression and production of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of sleep apnea patients. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2002; 165: 934-939.
    • (2002) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.165 , pp. 934-939
    • Dyugovskaya, L.1    Lavie, P.2    Lavie, L.3
  • 20
    • 59649125749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in OSAHS: the oxidative stress link
    • Lavie L, Lavie P. Molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in OSAHS: the oxidative stress link. Eur. Respir. J. 2009; 33: 1467-1484.
    • (2009) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.33 , pp. 1467-1484
    • Lavie, L.1    Lavie, P.2
  • 21
    • 84875511771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease: lessons from animal studies
    • Dumitrascu R, Heitmann J, Seeger W, Weissmann N, Schulz R. Obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease: lessons from animal studies. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2013; 2013: 234631.
    • (2013) Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. , vol.2013 , pp. 234631
    • Dumitrascu, R.1    Heitmann, J.2    Seeger, W.3    Weissmann, N.4    Schulz, R.5
  • 22
    • 2942668297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased oxidative stress is associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia-mediated brain cortical neuronal cell apoptosis in a mouse model of sleep apnea
    • Xu W, Chi L, Row BW etal. Increased oxidative stress is associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia-mediated brain cortical neuronal cell apoptosis in a mouse model of sleep apnea. Neuroscience 2004; 126: 313-323.
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.126 , pp. 313-323
    • Xu, W.1    Chi, L.2    Row, B.W.3
  • 23
    • 25444437443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NADPH oxidase mediates hypersomnolence and brain oxidative injury in a murine model of sleep apnea
    • Zhan G, Serrano F, Fenik P etal. NADPH oxidase mediates hypersomnolence and brain oxidative injury in a murine model of sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005; 172: 921-929.
    • (2005) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.172 , pp. 921-929
    • Zhan, G.1    Serrano, F.2    Fenik, P.3
  • 27
    • 0011340165 scopus 로고
    • Relationships of pyruvate and lactate during anaerobic metabolism. III. Effect of breathing low-oxygen gases
    • Huckabee WE. Relationships of pyruvate and lactate during anaerobic metabolism. III. Effect of breathing low-oxygen gases. J. Clin. Invest. 1958; 37: 264-271.
    • (1958) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.37 , pp. 264-271
    • Huckabee, W.E.1
  • 28
    • 0017870216 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the stability of tritium-labeled polyuridylic acid and polyadenylic acid
    • Buckley L, Beres L. Studies on the stability of tritium-labeled polyuridylic acid and polyadenylic acid. Anal. Biochem. 1978; 84: 319-323.
    • (1978) Anal. Biochem. , vol.84 , pp. 319-323
    • Buckley, L.1    Beres, L.2
  • 29
    • 0021984681 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury
    • McCord JM. Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. N. Engl. J. Med. 1985; 312: 159-163.
    • (1985) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.312 , pp. 159-163
    • McCord, J.M.1
  • 30
    • 0027175025 scopus 로고
    • Ischemia reperfusion injury: a review
    • Kerrigan CL, Stotland MA. Ischemia reperfusion injury: a review. Microsurgery 1993; 14: 165-175.
    • (1993) Microsurgery , vol.14 , pp. 165-175
    • Kerrigan, C.L.1    Stotland, M.A.2
  • 32
    • 84899641984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of prolonged exposure to hypobaric hypoxia on oxidative stress, inflammation and gluco-insular regulation: the not-so-sweet price for good regulation
    • Siervo M, Riley HL, Fernandez BO etal. Effects of prolonged exposure to hypobaric hypoxia on oxidative stress, inflammation and gluco-insular regulation: the not-so-sweet price for good regulation. PLoS One 2014; 9: e94915.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e94915
    • Siervo, M.1    Riley, H.L.2    Fernandez, B.O.3
  • 33
    • 84884791689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in hypobaric hypoxia and influence on vessel-tone modifying mediators
    • Pichler Hefti J, Sonntag D, Hefti U etal. Oxidative stress in hypobaric hypoxia and influence on vessel-tone modifying mediators. High Alt. Med. Biol. 2013; 14: 273-279.
    • (2013) High Alt. Med. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 273-279
    • Pichler Hefti, J.1    Sonntag, D.2    Hefti, U.3
  • 35
    • 0028337142 scopus 로고
    • Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress
    • Kehrer JP, Lund LG. Cellular reducing equivalents and oxidative stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1994; 17: 65-75.
    • (1994) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 65-75
    • Kehrer, J.P.1    Lund, L.G.2
  • 37
    • 80052629095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sleep apnea on nocturnal free fatty acids in subjects with heart failure
    • Jun JC, Drager LF, Najjar SS etal. Effects of sleep apnea on nocturnal free fatty acids in subjects with heart failure. Sleep 2011; 34: 1207-1213.
    • (2011) Sleep , vol.34 , pp. 1207-1213
    • Jun, J.C.1    Drager, L.F.2    Najjar, S.S.3
  • 38
    • 0032772463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular effects of non-esterified fatty acids: implications for the cardiovascular risk factor cluster
    • Egan BM, Lu G, Greene EL. Vascular effects of non-esterified fatty acids: implications for the cardiovascular risk factor cluster. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 1999; 60: 411-420.
    • (1999) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.60 , pp. 411-420
    • Egan, B.M.1    Lu, G.2    Greene, E.L.3
  • 39
    • 33745239304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver
    • Boden G. Fatty acid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver. Curr. Diab. Rep. 2006; 6: 177-181.
    • (2006) Curr. Diab. Rep. , vol.6 , pp. 177-181
    • Boden, G.1
  • 40
    • 79960324470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma angiotensin II and circadian rhythm of blood pressure in hypertensive patients with sleep apnea syndrome before and after treatment
    • Wang HL, Wang Y, Zhang Y etal. Changes in plasma angiotensin II and circadian rhythm of blood pressure in hypertensive patients with sleep apnea syndrome before and after treatment. Chin. Med. Sci. J. 2011; 26: 9-13.
    • (2011) Chin. Med. Sci. J. , vol.26 , pp. 9-13
    • Wang, H.L.1    Wang, Y.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 42
    • 77955983313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent hypoxia increases arterial blood pressure in humans through a Renin-Angiotensin system-dependent mechanism
    • Foster GE, Hanly PJ, Ahmed SB, Beaudin AE, Pialoux V, Poulin MJ. Intermittent hypoxia increases arterial blood pressure in humans through a Renin-Angiotensin system-dependent mechanism. Hypertension 2010; 56: 369-377.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.56 , pp. 369-377
    • Foster, G.E.1    Hanly, P.J.2    Ahmed, S.B.3    Beaudin, A.E.4    Pialoux, V.5    Poulin, M.J.6
  • 43
    • 0035103272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invited review: physiological consequences of intermittent hypoxia: systemic blood pressure
    • Fletcher EC. Invited review: physiological consequences of intermittent hypoxia: systemic blood pressure. J. Appl. Physiol. 2001; 90: 1600-1605.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.90 , pp. 1600-1605
    • Fletcher, E.C.1
  • 44
    • 33845538684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II and inflammation: the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade
    • Dandona P, Dhindsa S, Ghanim H, Chaudhuri A. Angiotensin II and inflammation: the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade. J. Hum. Hypertens. 2007; 21: 20-27.
    • (2007) J. Hum. Hypertens. , vol.21 , pp. 20-27
    • Dandona, P.1    Dhindsa, S.2    Ghanim, H.3    Chaudhuri, A.4
  • 45
    • 0028365310 scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Griendling KK, Minieri CA, Ollerenshaw JD, Alexander RW. Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ. Res. 1994; 74: 1141-1148.
    • (1994) Circ. Res. , vol.74 , pp. 1141-1148
    • Griendling, K.K.1    Minieri, C.A.2    Ollerenshaw, J.D.3    Alexander, R.W.4
  • 46
    • 0037607814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of metabolic control by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition
    • Henriksen EJ, Jacob S. Modulation of metabolic control by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. J. Cell. Physiol. 2003; 196: 171-179.
    • (2003) J. Cell. Physiol. , vol.196 , pp. 171-179
    • Henriksen, E.J.1    Jacob, S.2
  • 47
    • 78650415306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overnight rostral fluid shift and obstructive sleep apnea in treatment resistant hypertension: connecting the dots clarifies the picture
    • Egan BM. Overnight rostral fluid shift and obstructive sleep apnea in treatment resistant hypertension: connecting the dots clarifies the picture. Hypertension 2010; 56: 1040-1041.
    • (2010) Hypertension , vol.56 , pp. 1040-1041
    • Egan, B.M.1
  • 48
    • 84870449663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of oxidative stress in postprandial endothelial dysfunction
    • Lacroix S, Rosiers CD, Tardif JC, Nigam A. The role of oxidative stress in postprandial endothelial dysfunction. Nutr. Res. 2012; 25: 288-301.
    • (2012) Nutr. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 288-301
    • Lacroix, S.1    Rosiers, C.D.2    Tardif, J.C.3    Nigam, A.4
  • 49
    • 33644633736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers and potential mechanisms of obesity-induced oxidant stress in humans
    • Vincent HK, Taylor AG. Biomarkers and potential mechanisms of obesity-induced oxidant stress in humans. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 2006; 30: 400-418.
    • (2006) Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) , vol.30 , pp. 400-418
    • Vincent, H.K.1    Taylor, A.G.2
  • 50
    • 84886816599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in diabetes: implications for vascular and other complications
    • Pitocco D, Tesauro M, Alessandro R, Ghirlanda G, Cardillo C. Oxidative stress in diabetes: implications for vascular and other complications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013; 14: 21525-21550.
    • (2013) Int. J. Mol. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 21525-21550
    • Pitocco, D.1    Tesauro, M.2    Alessandro, R.3    Ghirlanda, G.4    Cardillo, C.5
  • 51
    • 4444333896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species and angiotensin II signaling in vascular cells - implications in cardiovascular disease
    • Touyz RM. Reactive oxygen species and angiotensin II signaling in vascular cells - implications in cardiovascular disease. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 2004; 37: 1263-1273.
    • (2004) Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. , vol.37 , pp. 1263-1273
    • Touyz, R.M.1
  • 52
    • 41149116067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hypertension
    • Ceriello A. Possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Diabetes Care 2008; 31 (Suppl 2): S181-184.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. S181-S184
    • Ceriello, A.1
  • 53
    • 8244264753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH Collaborative Research Group
    • Appel LJ, Moore TJ, Obarzanek E etal. A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. DASH Collaborative Research Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 1997; 336: 1117-1124.
    • (1997) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.336 , pp. 1117-1124
    • Appel, L.J.1    Moore, T.J.2    Obarzanek, E.3
  • 54
    • 0037042466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma antioxidant concentrations and blood pressure: a randomised controlled trial
    • John JH, Ziebland S, Yudkin P, Roe LS, Neil HA. Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma antioxidant concentrations and blood pressure: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 359: 1969-1974.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1969-1974
    • John, J.H.1    Ziebland, S.2    Yudkin, P.3    Roe, L.S.4    Neil, H.A.5
  • 56
    • 85030434746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome
    • Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M etal. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J. Clin. Invest. 2004; 114: 1752-1761.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.114 , pp. 1752-1761
    • Furukawa, S.1    Fujita, T.2    Shimabukuro, M.3
  • 57
    • 0025963777 scopus 로고
    • The role of free fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Groop LC, Saloranta C, Shank M, Bonadonna RC, Ferrannini E, DeFronzo RA. The role of free fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1991; 72: 96-107.
    • (1991) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.72 , pp. 96-107
    • Groop, L.C.1    Saloranta, C.2    Shank, M.3    Bonadonna, R.C.4    Ferrannini, E.5    DeFronzo, R.A.6
  • 58
    • 0030061922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil GS, Peraldi P, Budavari A, Ellis R, White MF, Spiegelman BM. IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 1996; 271: 665-668.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 665-668
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Peraldi, P.2    Budavari, A.3    Ellis, R.4    White, M.F.5    Spiegelman, B.M.6
  • 59
    • 0037059330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action
    • Aguirre V, Werner ED, Giraud J, Lee YH, Shoelson SE, White MF. Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action. J. Biol. Chem. 2002; 277: 1531-1537.
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 1531-1537
    • Aguirre, V.1    Werner, E.D.2    Giraud, J.3    Lee, Y.H.4    Shoelson, S.E.5    White, M.F.6
  • 60
    • 22044443268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis for oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance
    • Evans JL, Maddux BA, Goldfine ID. The molecular basis for oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2005; 7: 1040-1052.
    • (2005) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.7 , pp. 1040-1052
    • Evans, J.L.1    Maddux, B.A.2    Goldfine, I.D.3
  • 61
    • 1342304048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NAD(P)H oxidase homolog Nox4 modulates insulin-stimulated generation of H2O2 and plays an integral role in insulin signal transduction
    • Mahadev K, Motoshima H, Wu X etal. The NAD(P)H oxidase homolog Nox4 modulates insulin-stimulated generation of H2O2 and plays an integral role in insulin signal transduction. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2004; 24: 1844-1854.
    • (2004) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.24 , pp. 1844-1854
    • Mahadev, K.1    Motoshima, H.2    Wu, X.3
  • 63
    • 0035140346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in rat L6 muscle cells by mircomolar concentrations of alpha-lipoic acid
    • Maddux BA, See W, Lawrence JC, Jr, Goldfine AL, Goldfine ID, Evans JL. Protection against oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in rat L6 muscle cells by mircomolar concentrations of alpha-lipoic acid. Diabetes 2001; 50: 404-410.
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 404-410
    • Maddux, B.A.1    See, W.2    Lawrence, J.C.3    Goldfine, A.L.4    Goldfine, I.D.5    Evans, J.L.6
  • 64
    • 0347926092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin regulation of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) gene expression and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling is impaired by the presence of hydrogen peroxide
    • Patel S, Van Der Kaay J, Sutherland C. Insulin regulation of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) gene expression and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling is impaired by the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Biochem. J. 2002; 365 (Pt 2): 537-545.
    • (2002) Biochem. J. , vol.365 , pp. 537-545
    • Patel, S.1    Van Der Kaay, J.2    Sutherland, C.3
  • 65
    • 34447625413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic stress in insulin's target cells leads to ROS accumulation - a hypothetical common pathway causing insulin resistance
    • Eriksson JW. Metabolic stress in insulin's target cells leads to ROS accumulation - a hypothetical common pathway causing insulin resistance. FEBS Lett. 2007; 581: 3734-3742.
    • (2007) FEBS Lett. , vol.581 , pp. 3734-3742
    • Eriksson, J.W.1
  • 66
    • 28844461131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposed mechanisms for the induction of insulin resistance by oxidative stress
    • Bloch-Damti A, Bashan N. Proposed mechanisms for the induction of insulin resistance by oxidative stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2005; 7: 1553-1567.
    • (2005) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.7 , pp. 1553-1567
    • Bloch-Damti, A.1    Bashan, N.2
  • 67
    • 33845542745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans and their potential links with mitochondrial dysfunction
    • Morino K, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans and their potential links with mitochondrial dysfunction. Diabetes 2006; 55 (Suppl 2): S9-S15.
    • (2006) Diabetes , vol.55 , pp. S9-S15
    • Morino, K.1    Petersen, K.F.2    Shulman, G.I.3
  • 68
    • 43549108142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucolipotoxicity: fuel excess and beta-cell dysfunction
    • Poitout V, Robertson RP. Glucolipotoxicity: fuel excess and beta-cell dysfunction. Endocr. Rev. 2008; 29: 351-366.
    • (2008) Endocr. Rev. , vol.29 , pp. 351-366
    • Poitout, V.1    Robertson, R.P.2
  • 69
    • 0344850195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of reactive oxygen intermediates, activation of NF-kappaB, and induction of apoptosis in human endothelial cells by glucose: role of nitric oxide synthase?
    • Du X, Stocklauser-Farber K, Rosen P. Generation of reactive oxygen intermediates, activation of NF-kappaB, and induction of apoptosis in human endothelial cells by glucose: role of nitric oxide synthase? Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999; 27: 752-763.
    • (1999) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 752-763
    • Du, X.1    Stocklauser-Farber, K.2    Rosen, P.3
  • 70
    • 0036080548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia increases endothelial superoxide that impairs smooth muscle cell Na+-K+-ATPase activity
    • Gupta S, Chough E, Daley J etal. Hyperglycemia increases endothelial superoxide that impairs smooth muscle cell Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 2002; 282: C560-566.
    • (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. , vol.282 , pp. C560-C566
    • Gupta, S.1    Chough, E.2    Daley, J.3
  • 71
    • 0029978685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose-disposal in type 2 diabetes after repeated parenteral administration of thioctic acid
    • Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Tritschler HJ, Augustin HJ, Dietze GJ. Improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose-disposal in type 2 diabetes after repeated parenteral administration of thioctic acid. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes 1996; 104: 284-288.
    • (1996) Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes , vol.104 , pp. 284-288
    • Jacob, S.1    Henriksen, E.J.2    Tritschler, H.J.3    Augustin, H.J.4    Dietze, G.J.5
  • 72
    • 0032840875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of RAC-alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot trial
    • Jacob S, Ruus P, Hermann R etal. Oral administration of RAC-alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot trial. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 1999; 27: 309-314.
    • (1999) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.27 , pp. 309-314
    • Jacob, S.1    Ruus, P.2    Hermann, R.3
  • 73
    • 0036283549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Fulghesu AM, Ciampelli M, Muzj G etal. N-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil. Steril. 2002; 77: 1128-1135.
    • (2002) Fertil. Steril. , vol.77 , pp. 1128-1135
    • Fulghesu, A.M.1    Ciampelli, M.2    Muzj, G.3
  • 74
    • 0025615520 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophils accumulate and contribute to skeletal muscle dysfunction after ischemia-reperfusion
    • Walden DL, McCutchan HJ, Enquist EG etal. Neutrophils accumulate and contribute to skeletal muscle dysfunction after ischemia-reperfusion. Am. J. Physiol. 1990; 259 (6 Pt 2): H1809-1812.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259 , Issue.6 , pp. H1809-H1812
    • Walden, D.L.1    McCutchan, H.J.2    Enquist, E.G.3
  • 75
    • 33846012503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition Recommendations and Interventions for Diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association
    • American Diabetes Association. Nutrition Recommendations and Interventions for Diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 2007; 30 (Suppl 1): S48-65.
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , pp. S48-S65
  • 76
    • 33847378451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007; 297: 842-857.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 842-857
    • Bjelakovic, G.1    Nikolova, D.2    Gluud, L.L.3    Simonetti, R.G.4    Gluud, C.5
  • 78
    • 84872562671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The myth of antioxidants
    • Moyer MW. The myth of antioxidants. Sci. Am. 2013; 308: 62-67.
    • (2013) Sci. Am. , vol.308 , pp. 62-67
    • Moyer, M.W.1
  • 79
    • 77952837924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with sleep apnoea: does it really improve glucose metabolism?
    • Steiropoulos P, Papanas N, Nena E, Maltezos E, Bouros D. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with sleep apnoea: does it really improve glucose metabolism? Curr. Diabetes Rev. 2010; 6: 156-166.
    • (2010) Curr. Diabetes Rev. , vol.6 , pp. 156-166
    • Steiropoulos, P.1    Papanas, N.2    Nena, E.3    Maltezos, E.4    Bouros, D.5
  • 80
    • 82455175333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous positive airway pressure therapy reduces oxidative stress markers and blood pressure in sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients
    • Murri M, Garcia-Delgado R, Alcazar-Ramirez J etal. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy reduces oxidative stress markers and blood pressure in sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 2011; 143: 1289-1301.
    • (2011) Biol. Trace Elem. Res. , vol.143 , pp. 1289-1301
    • Murri, M.1    Garcia-Delgado, R.2    Alcazar-Ramirez, J.3
  • 81
    • 80054752302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea is caused by oxidative stress and improved by continuous positive airway pressure therapy
    • Buchner NJ, Quack I, Woznowski M, Stahle C, Wenzel U, Rump LC. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea is caused by oxidative stress and improved by continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Respiration 2011; 82: 409-417.
    • (2011) Respiration , vol.82 , pp. 409-417
    • Buchner, N.J.1    Quack, I.2    Woznowski, M.3    Stahle, C.4    Wenzel, U.5    Rump, L.C.6
  • 82
    • 33645514937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant vitamin C improves endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Grebe M, Eisele HJ, Weissmann N etal. Antioxidant vitamin C improves endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2006; 173: 897-901.
    • (2006) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.173 , pp. 897-901
    • Grebe, M.1    Eisele, H.J.2    Weissmann, N.3
  • 83
    • 33746875404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allopurinol improves endothelial function in sleep apnoea: a randomised controlled study
    • El Solh AA, Saliba R, Bosinski T, Grant BJ, Berbary E, Miller N. Allopurinol improves endothelial function in sleep apnoea: a randomised controlled study. Eur. Respir. J. 2006; 27: 997-1002.
    • (2006) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.27 , pp. 997-1002
    • El Solh, A.A.1    Saliba, R.2    Bosinski, T.3    Grant, B.J.4    Berbary, E.5    Miller, N.6
  • 84
    • 35748949566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of an increased intake of vegetables and fruit on weight loss, blood pressure and antioxidant defense in subjects with sleep related breathing disorders
    • Svendsen M, Blomhoff R, Holme I, Tonstad S. The effect of an increased intake of vegetables and fruit on weight loss, blood pressure and antioxidant defense in subjects with sleep related breathing disorders. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2007; 61: 1301-1311.
    • (2007) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.61 , pp. 1301-1311
    • Svendsen, M.1    Blomhoff, R.2    Holme, I.3    Tonstad, S.4
  • 86
    • 84883475357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K(ATP)-channel-dependent regulation of catecholaminergic neurons controls BAT sympathetic nerve activity and energy homeostasis
    • Tovar S, Paeger L, Hess S etal. K(ATP)-channel-dependent regulation of catecholaminergic neurons controls BAT sympathetic nerve activity and energy homeostasis. Cell Metab. 2013; 18: 445-455.
    • (2013) Cell Metab. , vol.18 , pp. 445-455
    • Tovar, S.1    Paeger, L.2    Hess, S.3
  • 87
    • 78049333130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locus ceruleus and anterior cingulate cortex sustain wakefulness in a novel environment
    • Gompf HS, Mathai C, Fuller PM etal. Locus ceruleus and anterior cingulate cortex sustain wakefulness in a novel environment. J. Neurosci. 2010; 30: 14543-14551.
    • (2010) J. Neurosci. , vol.30 , pp. 14543-14551
    • Gompf, H.S.1    Mathai, C.2    Fuller, P.M.3
  • 88
    • 84893785212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress induced obesity: lessons from rodent models of stress
    • Patterson ZR, Abizaid A. Stress induced obesity: lessons from rodent models of stress. Front. Neurosci. 2013; 7: 130.
    • (2013) Front. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 130
    • Patterson, Z.R.1    Abizaid, A.2
  • 89
    • 70449729523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress hormones: physiological stress and regulation of metabolism
    • Kyrou I, Tsigos C. Stress hormones: physiological stress and regulation of metabolism. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 2009; 9: 787-793.
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. , vol.9 , pp. 787-793
    • Kyrou, I.1    Tsigos, C.2
  • 91
    • 0024818276 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on ventilation and sympathetic activity in humans
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Zavala DC, Abboud FM. Contrasting effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on ventilation and sympathetic activity in humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 1989; 67: 2101-2106.
    • (1989) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.67 , pp. 2101-2106
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Zavala, D.C.3    Abboud, F.M.4
  • 93
    • 0025858376 scopus 로고
    • Atrial natriuretic peptide and catecholamines in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Baruzzi A, Riva R, Cirignotta F, Zucconi M, Cappelli M, Lugaresi E. Atrial natriuretic peptide and catecholamines in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep 1991; 14: 83-86.
    • (1991) Sleep , vol.14 , pp. 83-86
    • Baruzzi, A.1    Riva, R.2    Cirignotta, F.3    Zucconi, M.4    Cappelli, M.5    Lugaresi, E.6
  • 95
    • 0034824189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of continuous positive airway pressure and placebo treatment on sympathetic nervous activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
    • Ziegler MG, Mills PJ, Loredo JS, Ancoli-Israel S, Dimsdale JE. Effect of continuous positive airway pressure and placebo treatment on sympathetic nervous activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 2001; 120: 887-893.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.120 , pp. 887-893
    • Ziegler, M.G.1    Mills, P.J.2    Loredo, J.S.3    Ancoli-Israel, S.4    Dimsdale, J.E.5
  • 96
    • 84867546425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympatho-adrenal activation by chronic intermittent hypoxia
    • Prabhakar NR, Kumar GK, Peng YJ. Sympatho-adrenal activation by chronic intermittent hypoxia. J. Appl. Physiol. 2012; 113: 1304-1310.
    • (2012) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.113 , pp. 1304-1310
    • Prabhakar, N.R.1    Kumar, G.K.2    Peng, Y.J.3
  • 97
    • 79955105687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid body function and ventilatory responses in intermittent hypoxia. Evidence for anomalous brainstem integration of arterial chemoreceptor input
    • Gonzalez-Martin MC, Vega-Agapito MV, Conde SV etal. Carotid body function and ventilatory responses in intermittent hypoxia. Evidence for anomalous brainstem integration of arterial chemoreceptor input. J. Cell. Physiol. 2011; 226: 1961-1969.
    • (2011) J. Cell. Physiol. , vol.226 , pp. 1961-1969
    • Gonzalez-Martin, M.C.1    Vega-Agapito, M.V.2    Conde, S.V.3
  • 98
    • 33846235510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute intermittent hypoxia increases both phrenic and sympathetic nerve activities in the rat
    • Dick TE, Hsieh YH, Wang N, Prabhakar N. Acute intermittent hypoxia increases both phrenic and sympathetic nerve activities in the rat. Exp. Physiol. 2007; 92: 87-97.
    • (2007) Exp. Physiol. , vol.92 , pp. 87-97
    • Dick, T.E.1    Hsieh, Y.H.2    Wang, N.3    Prabhakar, N.4
  • 99
    • 0032911907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic responsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia
    • Greenberg HE, Sica A, Batson D, Scharf SM. Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic responsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia. J. Appl. Physiol. 1999; 86: 298-305.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.86 , pp. 298-305
    • Greenberg, H.E.1    Sica, A.2    Batson, D.3    Scharf, S.M.4
  • 100
    • 63649091223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic response to chemostimulation in conscious rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia
    • Huang J, Lusina S, Xie T etal. Sympathetic response to chemostimulation in conscious rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2009; 166: 102-106.
    • (2009) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. , vol.166 , pp. 102-106
    • Huang, J.1    Lusina, S.2    Xie, T.3
  • 101
    • 77949571119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic intermittent hypoxia augments chemoreflex control of sympathetic activity: role of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor
    • Marcus NJ, Li YL, Bird CE, Schultz HD, Morgan BJ. Chronic intermittent hypoxia augments chemoreflex control of sympathetic activity: role of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2010; 171: 36-45.
    • (2010) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. , vol.171 , pp. 36-45
    • Marcus, N.J.1    Li, Y.L.2    Bird, C.E.3    Schultz, H.D.4    Morgan, B.J.5
  • 102
    • 0033534086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure decreases daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Narkiewicz K, Kato M, Phillips BG, Pesek CA, Davison DE, Somers VK. Nocturnal continuous positive airway pressure decreases daytime sympathetic traffic in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation 1999; 100: 2332-2335.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 2332-2335
    • Narkiewicz, K.1    Kato, M.2    Phillips, B.G.3    Pesek, C.A.4    Davison, D.E.5    Somers, V.K.6
  • 103
    • 0042691713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of sensory long-term facilitation in the carotid body by intermittent hypoxia: implications for recurrent apneas
    • Peng YJ, Overholt JL, Kline D, Kumar GK, Prabhakar NR. Induction of sensory long-term facilitation in the carotid body by intermittent hypoxia: implications for recurrent apneas. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2003; 100: 10073-10078.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.100 , pp. 10073-10078
    • Peng, Y.J.1    Overholt, J.L.2    Kline, D.3    Kumar, G.K.4    Prabhakar, N.R.5
  • 104
    • 7044224540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent hypoxia augments carotid body and ventilatory response to hypoxia in neonatal rat pups
    • Peng YJ, Rennison J, Prabhakar NR. Intermittent hypoxia augments carotid body and ventilatory response to hypoxia in neonatal rat pups. J. Appl. Physiol. 2004; 97: 2020-2025.
    • (2004) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.97 , pp. 2020-2025
    • Peng, Y.J.1    Rennison, J.2    Prabhakar, N.R.3
  • 105
    • 33751329032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterozygous HIF-1alpha deficiency impairs carotid body-mediated systemic responses and reactive oxygen species generation in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia
    • Peng YJ, Yuan G, Ramakrishnan D etal. Heterozygous HIF-1alpha deficiency impairs carotid body-mediated systemic responses and reactive oxygen species generation in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. J. Physiol. 2006; 577 (Pt 2): 705-716.
    • (2006) J. Physiol. , vol.577 , pp. 705-716
    • Peng, Y.J.1    Yuan, G.2    Ramakrishnan, D.3
  • 106
    • 33748906873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT evokes sensory long-term facilitation of rodent carotid body via activation of NADPH oxidase
    • Peng YJ, Yuan G, Jacono FJ, Kumar GK, Prabhakar NR. 5-HT evokes sensory long-term facilitation of rodent carotid body via activation of NADPH oxidase. J. Physiol. 2006; 576 (Pt 1): 289-295.
    • (2006) J. Physiol. , vol.576 , pp. 289-295
    • Peng, Y.J.1    Yuan, G.2    Jacono, F.J.3    Kumar, G.K.4    Prabhakar, N.R.5
  • 107
    • 65549160457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NADPH oxidase is required for the sensory plasticity of the carotid body by chronic intermittent hypoxia
    • Peng YJ, Nanduri J, Yuan G etal. NADPH oxidase is required for the sensory plasticity of the carotid body by chronic intermittent hypoxia. J. Neurosci. 2009; 29: 4903-4910.
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 4903-4910
    • Peng, Y.J.1    Nanduri, J.2    Yuan, G.3
  • 108
    • 33846253979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic, cellular and molecular analysis of chemoreflex-mediated sympathoexcitation by chronic intermittent hypoxia
    • Prabhakar NR, Dick TE, Nanduri J, Kumar GK. Systemic, cellular and molecular analysis of chemoreflex-mediated sympathoexcitation by chronic intermittent hypoxia. Exp. Physiol. 2007; 92: 39-44.
    • (2007) Exp. Physiol. , vol.92 , pp. 39-44
    • Prabhakar, N.R.1    Dick, T.E.2    Nanduri, J.3    Kumar, G.K.4
  • 109
    • 78449287189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent hypoxia augments acute hypoxic sensing via HIF-mediated ROS
    • Prabhakar NR, Kumar GK, Nanduri J. Intermittent hypoxia augments acute hypoxic sensing via HIF-mediated ROS. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2010; 174: 230-234.
    • (2010) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. , vol.174 , pp. 230-234
    • Prabhakar, N.R.1    Kumar, G.K.2    Nanduri, J.3
  • 110
    • 0030738644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure response to chronic episodic hypoxia: role of the sympathetic nervous system
    • Bao G, Metreveli N, Li R, Taylor A, Fletcher EC. Blood pressure response to chronic episodic hypoxia: role of the sympathetic nervous system. J. Appl. Physiol. 1997; 83: 95-101.
    • (1997) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.83 , pp. 95-101
    • Bao, G.1    Metreveli, N.2    Li, R.3    Taylor, A.4    Fletcher, E.C.5
  • 111
    • 33746847626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces hypoxia-evoked catecholamine efflux in adult rat adrenal medulla via oxidative stress
    • Kumar GK, Rai V, Sharma SD etal. Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces hypoxia-evoked catecholamine efflux in adult rat adrenal medulla via oxidative stress. J. Physiol. 2006; 575 (Pt 1): 229-239.
    • (2006) J. Physiol. , vol.575 , pp. 229-239
    • Kumar, G.K.1    Rai, V.2    Sharma, S.D.3
  • 112
    • 0026656461 scopus 로고
    • Carotid chemoreceptors, systemic blood pressure, and chronic episodic hypoxia mimicking sleep apnea
    • Fletcher EC, Lesske J, Behm R, Miller CC 3rd Stauss H, Unger T. Carotid chemoreceptors, systemic blood pressure, and chronic episodic hypoxia mimicking sleep apnea. J. Appl. Physiol. 1992; 72: 1978-1984.
    • (1992) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.72 , pp. 1978-1984
    • Fletcher, E.C.1    Lesske, J.2    Behm, R.3    Miller, C.C.4    Stauss, H.5    Unger, T.6
  • 114
    • 0024217815 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic activation by hypoxia and hypercapnia-implications for sleep apnea
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Abboud FM. Sympathetic activation by hypoxia and hypercapnia-implications for sleep apnea. Clin. Exp. Hypertens. A 1988; 10 (Suppl 1): 413-422.
    • (1988) Clin. Exp. Hypertens. A , vol.10 , pp. 413-422
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Abboud, F.M.3
  • 115
    • 0037338877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea
    • Narkiewicz K, Somers VK. Sympathetic nerve activity in obstructive sleep apnoea. Acta Physiol. Scand. 2003; 177: 385-390.
    • (2003) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.177 , pp. 385-390
    • Narkiewicz, K.1    Somers, V.K.2
  • 116
    • 0034058705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural and local effects of hypoxia on cardiovascular responses to obstructive apnea
    • Schneider H, Schaub CD, Chen CA etal. Neural and local effects of hypoxia on cardiovascular responses to obstructive apnea. J. Appl. Physiol. 2000; 88: 1093-1102.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.88 , pp. 1093-1102
    • Schneider, H.1    Schaub, C.D.2    Chen, C.A.3
  • 117
    • 66349117341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute intermittent hypoxia on glucose metabolism in awake healthy volunteers
    • Louis M, Punjabi NM. Effects of acute intermittent hypoxia on glucose metabolism in awake healthy volunteers. J. Appl. Physiol. 2009; 106: 1538-1544.
    • (2009) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.106 , pp. 1538-1544
    • Louis, M.1    Punjabi, N.M.2
  • 119
    • 84861665788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic inhibition attenuates hypoxia induced insulin resistance in healthy adult humans
    • Peltonen GL, Scalzo RL, Schweder MM etal. Sympathetic inhibition attenuates hypoxia induced insulin resistance in healthy adult humans. J. Physiol. 2012; 590 (Pt 11): 2801-2809.
    • (2012) J. Physiol. , vol.590 , pp. 2801-2809
    • Peltonen, G.L.1    Scalzo, R.L.2    Schweder, M.M.3
  • 120
    • 0031457720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia-influence of chemoreceptors and sympathetic nervous system
    • Lesske J, Fletcher EC, Bao G, Unger T. Hypertension caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia-influence of chemoreceptors and sympathetic nervous system. J. Hypertens. 1997; 15 (12 Pt 2): 1593-1603.
    • (1997) J. Hypertens. , vol.15 , Issue.12 , pp. 1593-1603
    • Lesske, J.1    Fletcher, E.C.2    Bao, G.3    Unger, T.4
  • 121
    • 79251540222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14 nights of intermittent hypoxia elevate daytime blood pressure and sympathetic activity in healthy humans
    • Tamisier R, Pepin JL, Remy J etal. 14 nights of intermittent hypoxia elevate daytime blood pressure and sympathetic activity in healthy humans. Eur. Respir. J. 2011; 37: 119-128.
    • (2011) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.37 , pp. 119-128
    • Tamisier, R.1    Pepin, J.L.2    Remy, J.3
  • 122
    • 84902215832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CPAP versus oxygen in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Gottlieb DJ, Punjabi NM, Mehra R etal. CPAP versus oxygen in obstructive sleep apnea. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 370: 2276-2285.
    • (2014) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.370 , pp. 2276-2285
    • Gottlieb, D.J.1    Punjabi, N.M.2    Mehra, R.3
  • 123
    • 34548163166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism and catecholamines
    • Barth E, Albuszies G, Baumgart K etal. Glucose metabolism and catecholamines. Crit. Care Med. 2007; 35 (9 Suppl): S508-518.
    • (2007) Crit. Care Med. , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. S508-S518
    • Barth, E.1    Albuszies, G.2    Baumgart, K.3
  • 127
    • 0018893457 scopus 로고
    • Innervation of the liver in guinea pig and rat
    • Metz W, Forssmann WG. Innervation of the liver in guinea pig and rat. Anat. Embryol. 1980; 160: 239-252.
    • (1980) Anat. Embryol. , vol.160 , pp. 239-252
    • Metz, W.1    Forssmann, W.G.2
  • 128
    • 0020052095 scopus 로고
    • Direct control of glycogen metabolism in the perfused rat liver by the sympathetic innervation
    • Hartmann H, Beckh K, Jungermann K. Direct control of glycogen metabolism in the perfused rat liver by the sympathetic innervation. Eur. J. Biochem. 1982; 123: 521-526.
    • (1982) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.123 , pp. 521-526
    • Hartmann, H.1    Beckh, K.2    Jungermann, K.3
  • 130
    • 10744232888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic fibrogenesis requires sympathetic neurotransmitters
    • Oben JA, Roskams T, Yang S etal. Hepatic fibrogenesis requires sympathetic neurotransmitters. Gut 2004; 53: 438-445.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 438-445
    • Oben, J.A.1    Roskams, T.2    Yang, S.3
  • 131
    • 0018881259 scopus 로고
    • Epinephrine-induced insulin resistance in man
    • Deibert DC, DeFronzo RA. Epinephrine-induced insulin resistance in man. J. Clin. Invest. 1980; 65: 717-721.
    • (1980) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.65 , pp. 717-721
    • Deibert, D.C.1    DeFronzo, R.A.2
  • 132
    • 76449109012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological stimulation and inhibition of insulin secretion in mouse islets lacking ATP-sensitive K+ channels
    • Szollosi A, Nenquin M, Henquin JC. Pharmacological stimulation and inhibition of insulin secretion in mouse islets lacking ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Br. J. Pharmacol. 2010; 159: 669-677.
    • (2010) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.159 , pp. 669-677
    • Szollosi, A.1    Nenquin, M.2    Henquin, J.C.3
  • 133
    • 0022837398 scopus 로고
    • Effects of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation and blockade on plasma insulin levels in the mouse
    • Skoglund G, Lundquist I, Ahren B. Effects of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation and blockade on plasma insulin levels in the mouse. Pancreas 1986; 1: 415-420.
    • (1986) Pancreas , vol.1 , pp. 415-420
    • Skoglund, G.1    Lundquist, I.2    Ahren, B.3
  • 134
    • 0022407323 scopus 로고
    • Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade by phentolamine on basal and stimulated insulin secretion in the mouse
    • Ahren B, Lundquist I. Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade by phentolamine on basal and stimulated insulin secretion in the mouse. Acta Physiol. Scand. 1985; 125: 211-217.
    • (1985) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.125 , pp. 211-217
    • Ahren, B.1    Lundquist, I.2
  • 135
    • 77954591046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • alpha2A-adrenergic receptors in the genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment of type 2 diabetes
    • 12ps5
    • Liggett SB. alpha2A-adrenergic receptors in the genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Sci. Transl. Med. 2009; 1: 12ps5.
    • (2009) Sci. Transl. Med. , vol.1
    • Liggett, S.B.1
  • 136
    • 84864878975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes A and C in glucose homeostasis and adrenaline-induced hyperglycaemia
    • Ruohonen ST, Ruohonen S, Gilsbach R, Savontaus E, Scheinin M, Hein L. Involvement of alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes A and C in glucose homeostasis and adrenaline-induced hyperglycaemia. Neuroendocrinology 2012; 96: 51-59.
    • (2012) Neuroendocrinology , vol.96 , pp. 51-59
    • Ruohonen, S.T.1    Ruohonen, S.2    Gilsbach, R.3    Savontaus, E.4    Scheinin, M.5    Hein, L.6
  • 137
    • 0015158591 scopus 로고
    • Epinephrine: selective inhibition of the acute insulin response to glucose
    • Lerner RL, Porte D, Jr. Epinephrine: selective inhibition of the acute insulin response to glucose. J. Clin. Invest. 1971; 50: 2453-2457.
    • (1971) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.50 , pp. 2453-2457
    • Lerner, R.L.1    Porte, D.2
  • 138
    • 33644920665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and tolerability of alpha-blocker doxazosin as add-on therapy in patients with hypertension and impaired glucose metabolism
    • Pessina AC, Ciccariello L, Perrone F etal. Clinical efficacy and tolerability of alpha-blocker doxazosin as add-on therapy in patients with hypertension and impaired glucose metabolism. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2006; 16: 137-147.
    • (2006) Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. , vol.16 , pp. 137-147
    • Pessina, A.C.1    Ciccariello, L.2    Perrone, F.3
  • 139
    • 19544362031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of doxazosin and irbesartan on blood pressure and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension
    • Derosa G, Cicero AF, Gaddi A, Mugellini A, Ciccarelli L, Fogari R. Effects of doxazosin and irbesartan on blood pressure and metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2005; 45: 599-604.
    • (2005) J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. , vol.45 , pp. 599-604
    • Derosa, G.1    Cicero, A.F.2    Gaddi, A.3    Mugellini, A.4    Ciccarelli, L.5    Fogari, R.6
  • 140
    • 2942707932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular outcomes using doxazosin vs. chlorthalidone for the treatment of hypertension in older adults with and without glucose disorders: a report from the ALLHAT study
    • Barzilay JI, Davis BR, Bettencourt J etal. Cardiovascular outcomes using doxazosin vs. chlorthalidone for the treatment of hypertension in older adults with and without glucose disorders: a report from the ALLHAT study. J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich) 2004; 6: 116-125.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Hypertens. (Greenwich) , vol.6 , pp. 116-125
    • Barzilay, J.I.1    Davis, B.R.2    Bettencourt, J.3
  • 141
    • 84874369373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic nervous system and hypertension
    • DiBona GF. Sympathetic nervous system and hypertension. Hypertension 2013; 61: 556-560.
    • (2013) Hypertension , vol.61 , pp. 556-560
    • DiBona, G.F.1
  • 142
    • 84893860901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Percutaneous renal denervation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: final 3-year report of the Symplicity HTN-1 study
    • Krum H, Schlaich MP, Sobotka PA etal. Percutaneous renal denervation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: final 3-year report of the Symplicity HTN-1 study. Lancet 2014; 383: 622-629.
    • (2014) Lancet , vol.383 , pp. 622-629
    • Krum, H.1    Schlaich, M.P.2    Sobotka, P.A.3
  • 143
    • 0036927394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic syndrome: a tug-of-war with no winner
    • Brotman DJ, Girod JP. The metabolic syndrome: a tug-of-war with no winner. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 2002; 69: 990-994.
    • (2002) Cleve. Clin. J. Med. , vol.69 , pp. 990-994
    • Brotman, D.J.1    Girod, J.P.2
  • 144
    • 77955690182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic lipotoxicity and the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the central role of nontriglyceride fatty acid metabolites
    • Neuschwander-Tetri BA. Hepatic lipotoxicity and the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the central role of nontriglyceride fatty acid metabolites. Hepatology 2010; 52: 774-788.
    • (2010) Hepatology , vol.52 , pp. 774-788
    • Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A.1
  • 145
    • 0019416378 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of polyploid nuclei of R3230AC mammary adenocarcinoma and comparison with normal mammary nuclei
    • Kulick D, Liu DK. Isolation and characterization of polyploid nuclei of R3230AC mammary adenocarcinoma and comparison with normal mammary nuclei. Cancer Res. 1981; 41: 3907-3912.
    • (1981) Cancer Res. , vol.41 , pp. 3907-3912
    • Kulick, D.1    Liu, D.K.2
  • 148
    • 0014561272 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and tissue effects of prolonged catecholamine infusion
    • Eltringham WK, Jenny ME, Morgan AP. Metabolic and tissue effects of prolonged catecholamine infusion. Postgrad. Med. J. 1969; 45: 545-549.
    • (1969) Postgrad. Med. J. , vol.45 , pp. 545-549
    • Eltringham, W.K.1    Jenny, M.E.2    Morgan, A.P.3
  • 149
    • 0034903710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate
    • Kim JK, Kim YJ, Fillmore JJ etal. Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate. J. Clin. Invest. 2001; 108: 437-446.
    • (2001) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.108 , pp. 437-446
    • Kim, J.K.1    Kim, Y.J.2    Fillmore, J.J.3
  • 150
    • 8544244084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PKC-theta knockout mice are protected from fat-induced insulin resistance
    • Kim JK, Fillmore JJ, Sunshine MJ etal. PKC-theta knockout mice are protected from fat-induced insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 2004; 114: 823-827.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.114 , pp. 823-827
    • Kim, J.K.1    Fillmore, J.J.2    Sunshine, M.J.3
  • 152
    • 0027200040 scopus 로고
    • Substrate delivery as a determinant of hepatic apoB secretion
    • Sniderman AD, Cianflone K. Substrate delivery as a determinant of hepatic apoB secretion. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1993; 13: 629-636.
    • (1993) Arterioscler. Thromb. , vol.13 , pp. 629-636
    • Sniderman, A.D.1    Cianflone, K.2
  • 153
    • 84860248612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic consequences of stress during childhood and adolescence
    • Pervanidou P, Chrousos GP. Metabolic consequences of stress during childhood and adolescence. Metabolism 2012; 61: 611-619.
    • (2012) Metabolism , vol.61 , pp. 611-619
    • Pervanidou, P.1    Chrousos, G.P.2
  • 154
    • 36148987598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the evidence for a neuroendocrine link between stress, depression and diabetes mellitus
    • Golden SH. A review of the evidence for a neuroendocrine link between stress, depression and diabetes mellitus. Curr. Diabetes Rev. 2007; 3: 252-259.
    • (2007) Curr. Diabetes Rev. , vol.3 , pp. 252-259
    • Golden, S.H.1
  • 155
    • 84897504702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and insight into mechanisms of sympathetic overactivity
    • Abboud F, Kumar R. Obstructive sleep apnea and insight into mechanisms of sympathetic overactivity. J. Clin. Invest. 2014; 124: 1454-1457.
    • (2014) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.124 , pp. 1454-1457
    • Abboud, F.1    Kumar, R.2
  • 156
    • 79958007214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
    • Barcelo A, Pierola J, de la Pena M etal. Free fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur. Respir. J. 2011; 37: 1418-1423.
    • (2011) Eur. Respir. J. , vol.37 , pp. 1418-1423
    • Barcelo, A.1    Pierola, J.2    de la Pena, M.3
  • 157
    • 67650493581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults
    • Epstein LJ, Kristo D, Strollo PJ, Jr. etal. Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. J. Clin. Sleep Med. 2009; 5: 263-276.
    • (2009) J. Clin. Sleep Med. , vol.5 , pp. 263-276
    • Epstein, L.J.1    Kristo, D.2    Strollo, P.J.3
  • 158
    • 0030742950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxic hepatitis caused by severe hypoxemia from obstructive sleep apnea
    • Henrion J, Colin L, Schapira M, Heller FR. Hypoxic hepatitis caused by severe hypoxemia from obstructive sleep apnea. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 1997; 24: 245-249.
    • (1997) J. Clin. Gastroenterol. , vol.24 , pp. 245-249
    • Henrion, J.1    Colin, L.2    Schapira, M.3    Heller, F.R.4
  • 160
    • 33144463588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine phosphokinase elevation in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: an unknown association?
    • Lentini S, Manka R, Scholtyssek S, Stoffel-Wagner B, Luderitz B, Tasci S. Creatine phosphokinase elevation in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: an unknown association? Chest 2006; 129: 88-94.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , pp. 88-94
    • Lentini, S.1    Manka, R.2    Scholtyssek, S.3    Stoffel-Wagner, B.4    Luderitz, B.5    Tasci, S.6
  • 162
    • 84864754054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum uric acid and lactate levels among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: which is a better marker of hypoxemia?
    • Hira HS, Shukla A, Kaur A, Kapoor S. Serum uric acid and lactate levels among patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: which is a better marker of hypoxemia? Ann. Saudi Med. 2012; 32: 37-42.
    • (2012) Ann. Saudi Med. , vol.32 , pp. 37-42
    • Hira, H.S.1    Shukla, A.2    Kaur, A.3    Kapoor, S.4
  • 164
    • 33748323073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does obstructive sleep apnea increase hematocrit?
    • Choi JB, Loredo JS, Norman D etal. Does obstructive sleep apnea increase hematocrit? Sleep Breath. 2006; 10: 155-160.
    • (2006) Sleep Breath. , vol.10 , pp. 155-160
    • Choi, J.B.1    Loredo, J.S.2    Norman, D.3
  • 165
    • 84890072041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnoea does not lead to clinically significant erythrocytosis
    • King AJ, Eyre T, Littlewood T. Obstructive sleep apnoea does not lead to clinically significant erythrocytosis. BMJ 2013; 347: f7340.
    • (2013) BMJ , vol.347 , pp. f7340
    • King, A.J.1    Eyre, T.2    Littlewood, T.3
  • 166
    • 84920907368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome really one of the causes of secondary polycythaemia?
    • Epub ahead of print].
    • Solmaz S, Duksal F, Ganidagli S. Is obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome really one of the causes of secondary polycythaemia? Hematology 2014; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2014) Hematology
    • Solmaz, S.1    Duksal, F.2    Ganidagli, S.3
  • 167
    • 80053044345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different acute hypoxic regimens on tissue oxygen profiles and metabolic outcomes
    • Reinke C, Bevans-Fonti S, Drager LF, Shin MK, Polotsky VY. Effects of different acute hypoxic regimens on tissue oxygen profiles and metabolic outcomes. J. Appl. Physiol. 2011; 111: 881-890.
    • (2011) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.111 , pp. 881-890
    • Reinke, C.1    Bevans-Fonti, S.2    Drager, L.F.3    Shin, M.K.4    Polotsky, V.Y.5
  • 168
    • 79961242165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue oxygenation in brain, muscle, and fat in a rat model of sleep apnea: differential effect of obstructive apneas and intermittent hypoxia
    • Almendros I, Farre R, Planas AM etal. Tissue oxygenation in brain, muscle, and fat in a rat model of sleep apnea: differential effect of obstructive apneas and intermittent hypoxia. Sleep 2011; 34: 1127-1133.
    • (2011) Sleep , vol.34 , pp. 1127-1133
    • Almendros, I.1    Farre, R.2    Planas, A.M.3
  • 169
    • 33747621613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of physiological responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible factor 1
    • Semenza GL. Regulation of physiological responses to continuous and intermittent hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Exp. Physiol. 2006; 91: 803-806.
    • (2006) Exp. Physiol. , vol.91 , pp. 803-806
    • Semenza, G.L.1
  • 170
    • 0035917808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting of HIF-alpha to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation
    • Jaakkola P, Mole DR, Tian YM etal. Targeting of HIF-alpha to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation. Science 2001; 292: 468-472.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 468-472
    • Jaakkola, P.1    Mole, D.R.2    Tian, Y.M.3
  • 171
    • 54049088213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of HIF-1alpha expression by intermittent hypoxia: involvement of NADPH oxidase, Ca2+ signaling, prolyl hydroxylases, and mTOR
    • Yuan G, Nanduri J, Khan S, Semenza GL, Prabhakar NR. Induction of HIF-1alpha expression by intermittent hypoxia: involvement of NADPH oxidase, Ca2+ signaling, prolyl hydroxylases, and mTOR. J. Cell. Physiol. 2008; 217: 674-685.
    • (2008) J. Cell. Physiol. , vol.217 , pp. 674-685
    • Yuan, G.1    Nanduri, J.2    Khan, S.3    Semenza, G.L.4    Prabhakar, N.R.5
  • 172
    • 0035313697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIF-1 and mechanisms of hypoxia sensing
    • Semenza GL. HIF-1 and mechanisms of hypoxia sensing. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 2001; 13: 167-171.
    • (2001) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 167-171
    • Semenza, G.L.1
  • 173
    • 84880826436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular biomarkers of vascular dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Kaczmarek E, Bakker JP, Clarke DN etal. Molecular biomarkers of vascular dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea. PLoS One 2013; 8: e70559.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e70559
    • Kaczmarek, E.1    Bakker, J.P.2    Clarke, D.N.3
  • 174
    • 27444448072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective activation of inflammatory pathways by intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    • Ryan S, Taylor CT, McNicholas WT. Selective activation of inflammatory pathways by intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Circulation 2005; 112: 2660-2667.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 2660-2667
    • Ryan, S.1    Taylor, C.T.2    McNicholas, W.T.3
  • 176
    • 14244256421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ca2+/calmodulin kinase-dependent activation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 transcriptional activity in cells subjected to intermittent hypoxia
    • Yuan G, Nanduri J, Bhasker CR, Semenza GL, Prabhakar NR. Ca2+/calmodulin kinase-dependent activation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 transcriptional activity in cells subjected to intermittent hypoxia. J. Biol. Chem. 2005; 280: 4321-4328.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 4321-4328
    • Yuan, G.1    Nanduri, J.2    Bhasker, C.R.3    Semenza, G.L.4    Prabhakar, N.R.5
  • 177
    • 0024558166 scopus 로고
    • Operation Everest II: plasma lipid and hormonal responses during a simulated ascent of Mt. Everest
    • Young PM, Rose MS, Sutton JR, Green HJ, Cymerman A, Houston CS. Operation Everest II: plasma lipid and hormonal responses during a simulated ascent of Mt. Everest. J. Appl. Physiol. 1989; 66: 1430-1435.
    • (1989) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1430-1435
    • Young, P.M.1    Rose, M.S.2    Sutton, J.R.3    Green, H.J.4    Cymerman, A.5    Houston, C.S.6
  • 178
    • 0029750199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions among metabolic rate, hypoxia, and control of breathing
    • Gautier H. Interactions among metabolic rate, hypoxia, and control of breathing. J. Appl. Physiol. 1996; 81: 521-527.
    • (1996) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.81 , pp. 521-527
    • Gautier, H.1
  • 179
    • 84864522443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hypoxia induces hypertriglyceridemia by decreasing plasma triglyceride clearance in mice
    • Jun JC, Shin MK, Yao Q etal. Acute hypoxia induces hypertriglyceridemia by decreasing plasma triglyceride clearance in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012; 303: E377-388.
    • (2012) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.303 , pp. E377-E388
    • Jun, J.C.1    Shin, M.K.2    Yao, Q.3
  • 181
    • 77955404793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced oxygenation in human obese adipose tissue is associated with impaired insulin suppression of lipolysis
    • Pasarica M, Rood J, Ravussin E, Schwarz JM, Smith SR, Redman LM. Reduced oxygenation in human obese adipose tissue is associated with impaired insulin suppression of lipolysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010; 95: 4052-4055.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.95 , pp. 4052-4055
    • Pasarica, M.1    Rood, J.2    Ravussin, E.3    Schwarz, J.M.4    Smith, S.R.5    Redman, L.M.6
  • 182
    • 62749167010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced adipose tissue oxygenation in human obesity: evidence for rarefaction, macrophage chemotaxis, and inflammation without an angiogenic response
    • Pasarica M, Sereda OR, Redman LM etal. Reduced adipose tissue oxygenation in human obesity: evidence for rarefaction, macrophage chemotaxis, and inflammation without an angiogenic response. Diabetes 2009; 58: 718-725.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 718-725
    • Pasarica, M.1    Sereda, O.R.2    Redman, L.M.3
  • 183
    • 34047119110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue hypoxia in obesity and its impact on adipocytokine dysregulation
    • Hosogai N, Fukuhara A, Oshima K etal. Adipose tissue hypoxia in obesity and its impact on adipocytokine dysregulation. Diabetes 2007; 56: 901-911.
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 901-911
    • Hosogai, N.1    Fukuhara, A.2    Oshima, K.3
  • 184
    • 79955561312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of HIF-1{alpha} activity in adipose tissue by obesity-associated factors: adipogenesis, insulin, and hypoxia
    • He Q, Gao Z, Yin J, Zhang J, Yun Z, Ye J. Regulation of HIF-1{alpha} activity in adipose tissue by obesity-associated factors: adipogenesis, insulin, and hypoxia. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2011; 300: E877-885.
    • (2011) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.300 , pp. E877-E885
    • He, Q.1    Gao, Z.2    Yin, J.3    Zhang, J.4    Yun, Z.5    Ye, J.6
  • 185
    • 68949159760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha induces fibrosis and insulin resistance in white adipose tissue
    • Halberg N, Khan T, Trujillo ME etal. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha induces fibrosis and insulin resistance in white adipose tissue. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2009; 29: 4467-4483.
    • (2009) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 4467-4483
    • Halberg, N.1    Khan, T.2    Trujillo, M.E.3
  • 186
    • 80053408653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in adipocytes improves insulin sensitivity and decreases adiposity in high-fat diet-fed mice
    • Jiang C, Qu A, Matsubara T etal. Disruption of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in adipocytes improves insulin sensitivity and decreases adiposity in high-fat diet-fed mice. Diabetes 2011; 60: 2484-2495.
    • (2011) Diabetes , vol.60 , pp. 2484-2495
    • Jiang, C.1    Qu, A.2    Matsubara, T.3
  • 187
  • 188
    • 35448934913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of the expression and secretion of inflammation-related adipokines by hypoxia in human adipocytes
    • Wang B, Wood IS, Trayhurn P. Dysregulation of the expression and secretion of inflammation-related adipokines by hypoxia in human adipocytes. Pflugers Arch. 2007; 455: 479-492.
    • (2007) Pflugers Arch. , vol.455 , pp. 479-492
    • Wang, B.1    Wood, I.S.2    Trayhurn, P.3
  • 189
    • 47849102247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia induces leptin gene expression and secretion in human preadipocytes: differential effects of hypoxia on adipokine expression by preadipocytes
    • Wang B, Wood IS, Trayhurn P. Hypoxia induces leptin gene expression and secretion in human preadipocytes: differential effects of hypoxia on adipokine expression by preadipocytes. J. Endocrinol. 2008; 198: 127-134.
    • (2008) J. Endocrinol. , vol.198 , pp. 127-134
    • Wang, B.1    Wood, I.S.2    Trayhurn, P.3
  • 190
    • 54049091645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: hepatic manifestation of obesity and the metabolic syndrome
    • Boppidi H, Daram SR. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: hepatic manifestation of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Postgrad. Med. 2008; 120: E01-7.
    • (2008) Postgrad. Med. , vol.120 , pp. E01-E07
    • Boppidi, H.1    Daram, S.R.2
  • 191
    • 77952944359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression of the liver in response to chronic hypoxia
    • Baze MM, Schlauch K, Hayes JP. Gene expression of the liver in response to chronic hypoxia. Physiol. Genomics 2010; 41: 275-288.
    • (2010) Physiol. Genomics , vol.41 , pp. 275-288
    • Baze, M.M.1    Schlauch, K.2    Hayes, J.P.3
  • 192
    • 73149083947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia aggravates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice lacking hepatocellular PTEN
    • Piguet AC, Stroka D, Zimmermann A, Dufour JF. Hypoxia aggravates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice lacking hepatocellular PTEN. Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 2010; 118: 401-410.
    • (2010) Clin. Sci. (Lond.) , vol.118 , pp. 401-410
    • Piguet, A.C.1    Stroka, D.2    Zimmermann, A.3    Dufour, J.F.4
  • 194
    • 77954371918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent production of profibrotic mediators by hypoxic Kupffer cells
    • Copple BL, Bai S, Moon JO. Hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent production of profibrotic mediators by hypoxic Kupffer cells. Hepatol. Res. 2010; 40: 530-539.
    • (2010) Hepatol. Res. , vol.40 , pp. 530-539
    • Copple, B.L.1    Bai, S.2    Moon, J.O.3
  • 195
    • 78650792166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha regulates the expression of genes in hypoxic hepatic stellate cells important for collagen deposition and angiogenesis
    • Copple BL, Bai S, Burgoon LD, Moon JO. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha regulates the expression of genes in hypoxic hepatic stellate cells important for collagen deposition and angiogenesis. Liver Int. 2011; 31: 230-244.
    • (2011) Liver Int. , vol.31 , pp. 230-244
    • Copple, B.L.1    Bai, S.2    Burgoon, L.D.3    Moon, J.O.4
  • 196
    • 0020510525 scopus 로고
    • The effect of oxygen on the development of atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits
    • Okamoto R, Hatani M, Tsukitani M etal. The effect of oxygen on the development of atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits. Atherosclerosis 1983; 47: 47-53.
    • (1983) Atherosclerosis , vol.47 , pp. 47-53
    • Okamoto, R.1    Hatani, M.2    Tsukitani, M.3
  • 197
    • 0025905394 scopus 로고
    • Arterial wall hypoxia following thrombosis of the vasa vasorum is an initial lesion in atherosclerosis
    • Martin JF, Booth RF, Moncada S. Arterial wall hypoxia following thrombosis of the vasa vasorum is an initial lesion in atherosclerosis. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 1991; 21: 355-359.
    • (1991) Eur. J. Clin. Invest. , vol.21 , pp. 355-359
    • Martin, J.F.1    Booth, R.F.2    Moncada, S.3
  • 201
    • 77950020024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intermittent hypoxia on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
    • Jun J, Reinke C, Bedja D etal. Effect of intermittent hypoxia on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2010; 209: 381-386.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.209 , pp. 381-386
    • Jun, J.1    Reinke, C.2    Bedja, D.3
  • 202
    • 84875844834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces atherosclerosis via activation of adipose angiopoietin-like 4
    • Drager LF, Yao Q, Hernandez KL etal. Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces atherosclerosis via activation of adipose angiopoietin-like 4. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2013; 188: 240-248.
    • (2013) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.188 , pp. 240-248
    • Drager, L.F.1    Yao, Q.2    Hernandez, K.L.3
  • 203
    • 84879498639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia, energy balance and obesity: from pathophysiological mechanisms to new treatment strategies
    • Kayser B, Verges S. Hypoxia, energy balance and obesity: from pathophysiological mechanisms to new treatment strategies. Obes. Rev. 2013; 14: 579-592.
    • (2013) Obes. Rev. , vol.14 , pp. 579-592
    • Kayser, B.1    Verges, S.2
  • 204
    • 84859555977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent exercise with and without hypoxia improves insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • Mackenzie R, Maxwell N, Castle P, Elliott B, Brickley G, Watt P. Intermittent exercise with and without hypoxia improves insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012; 97: E546-555.
    • (2012) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.97 , pp. E546-E555
    • Mackenzie, R.1    Maxwell, N.2    Castle, P.3    Elliott, B.4    Brickley, G.5    Watt, P.6
  • 205
    • 78651103299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hypoxia and exercise improve insulin sensitivity (S(I) (2*)) in individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • Mackenzie R, Maxwell N, Castle P, Brickley G, Watt P. Acute hypoxia and exercise improve insulin sensitivity (S(I) (2*)) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 2011; 27: 94-101.
    • (2011) Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. , vol.27 , pp. 94-101
    • Mackenzie, R.1    Maxwell, N.2    Castle, P.3    Brickley, G.4    Watt, P.5
  • 206
    • 84872318573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-dependent changes in glucose and insulin regulation during intermittent hypoxia and continuous hypoxia
    • Lee EJ, Alonso LC, Stefanovski D etal. Time-dependent changes in glucose and insulin regulation during intermittent hypoxia and continuous hypoxia. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2013; 113: 467-478.
    • (2013) Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.113 , pp. 467-478
    • Lee, E.J.1    Alonso, L.C.2    Stefanovski, D.3
  • 207
    • 4544347749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep-disordered breathing, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance: the Sleep Heart Health Study
    • Punjabi NM, Shahar E, Redline S, Gottlieb DJ, Givelber R, Resnick HE. Sleep-disordered breathing, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2004; 160: 521-530.
    • (2004) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.160 , pp. 521-530
    • Punjabi, N.M.1    Shahar, E.2    Redline, S.3    Gottlieb, D.J.4    Givelber, R.5    Resnick, H.E.6
  • 208
    • 84875085776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and oxygen therapy: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis
    • Mehta V, Vasu TS, Phillips B, Chung F. Obstructive sleep apnea and oxygen therapy: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. J. Clin. Sleep Med. 2013; 9: 271-279.
    • (2013) J. Clin. Sleep Med. , vol.9 , pp. 271-279
    • Mehta, V.1    Vasu, T.S.2    Phillips, B.3    Chung, F.4
  • 209
    • 0034050070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nocturnal oxygen enrichment in sleep apnoea
    • Pokorski M, Jernajczyk U. Nocturnal oxygen enrichment in sleep apnoea. J. Int. Med. Res. 2000; 28: 1-8.
    • (2000) J. Int. Med. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 1-8
    • Pokorski, M.1    Jernajczyk, U.2
  • 210
    • 33646164661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous positive airway pressure versus supplemental oxygen on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure
    • Norman D, Loredo JS, Nelesen RA etal. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure versus supplemental oxygen on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure. Hypertension 2006; 47: 840-845.
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.47 , pp. 840-845
    • Norman, D.1    Loredo, J.S.2    Nelesen, R.A.3
  • 211
    • 33644824345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure and oxygen supplementation on norepinephrine kinetics and cardiovascular responses in obstructive sleep apnea
    • Mills PJ, Kennedy BP, Loredo JS, Dimsdale JE, Ziegler MG. Effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure and oxygen supplementation on norepinephrine kinetics and cardiovascular responses in obstructive sleep apnea. J. Appl. Physiol. 2006; 100: 343-348.
    • (2006) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.100 , pp. 343-348
    • Mills, P.J.1    Kennedy, B.P.2    Loredo, J.S.3    Dimsdale, J.E.4    Ziegler, M.G.5
  • 212
    • 84898729009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of CPAP on blood pressure in patients with OSA/hypopnea a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Fava C, Dorigoni S, Dalle Vedove F etal. Effect of CPAP on blood pressure in patients with OSA/hypopnea a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 2014; 145: 762-771.
    • (2014) Chest , vol.145 , pp. 762-771
    • Fava, C.1    Dorigoni, S.2    Dalle Vedove, F.3
  • 213
    • 74949137019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sleep fragmentation on glucose metabolism in normal subjects
    • Stamatakis KA, Punjabi NM. Effects of sleep fragmentation on glucose metabolism in normal subjects. Chest 2010; 137: 95-101.
    • (2010) Chest , vol.137 , pp. 95-101
    • Stamatakis, K.A.1    Punjabi, N.M.2
  • 214
    • 39049145641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: alterations in glucose metabolism and inflammation
    • Tasali E, Ip MS. Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: alterations in glucose metabolism and inflammation. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2008; 5: 207-217.
    • (2008) Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. , vol.5 , pp. 207-217
    • Tasali, E.1    Ip, M.S.2
  • 215
    • 57349106437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and heart rate during continuous experimental sleep fragmentation in healthy adults
    • Carrington MJ, Trinder J. Blood pressure and heart rate during continuous experimental sleep fragmentation in healthy adults. Sleep 2008; 31: 1701-1712.
    • (2008) Sleep , vol.31 , pp. 1701-1712
    • Carrington, M.J.1    Trinder, J.2
  • 216
    • 84890424237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central control of cardiovascular function during sleep
    • Silvani A, Dampney RA. Central control of cardiovascular function during sleep. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2013; 305: H1683-1692.
    • (2013) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.305 , pp. H1683-H1692
    • Silvani, A.1    Dampney, R.A.2
  • 217
    • 47249153164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actigraphic sleep duration and fragmentation are related to obesity in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study
    • van den Berg JF, Knvistingh Neven A, Tulen JH etal. Actigraphic sleep duration and fragmentation are related to obesity in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 2008; 32: 1083-1090.
    • (2008) Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) , vol.32 , pp. 1083-1090
    • van den Berg, J.F.1    Knvistingh Neven, A.2    Tulen, J.H.3
  • 218
    • 0029862607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep fragmentation as a risk factor for hypertension in middle-aged nonapneic snorers
    • Lofaso F, Coste A, Gilain L, Harf A, Guilleminault C, Goldenberg F. Sleep fragmentation as a risk factor for hypertension in middle-aged nonapneic snorers. Chest 1996; 109: 896-900.
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109 , pp. 896-900
    • Lofaso, F.1    Coste, A.2    Gilain, L.3    Harf, A.4    Guilleminault, C.5    Goldenberg, F.6
  • 219
    • 0022376313 scopus 로고
    • Platform sleep deprivation affects deep slow wave sleep in addition to REM sleep
    • Grahnstedt S, Ursin R. Platform sleep deprivation affects deep slow wave sleep in addition to REM sleep. Behav. Brain Res. 1985; 18: 233-239.
    • (1985) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.18 , pp. 233-239
    • Grahnstedt, S.1    Ursin, R.2
  • 220
    • 0021277682 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the cuff pedestal technique for rapid eye movement sleep (REMs) deprivation by electrophysiological recordings
    • Hilakivi I, Peder M, Elomaa E, Johansson G. Validation of the cuff pedestal technique for rapid eye movement sleep (REMs) deprivation by electrophysiological recordings. Physiol. Behav. 1984; 32: 945-947.
    • (1984) Physiol. Behav. , vol.32 , pp. 945-947
    • Hilakivi, I.1    Peder, M.2    Elomaa, E.3    Johansson, G.4
  • 224
    • 29844452893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent hypoxia causes REM sleep deficits and decreases EEG delta power in NREM sleep in the C57BL/6J mouse
    • Polotsky VY, Rubin AE, Balbir A etal. Intermittent hypoxia causes REM sleep deficits and decreases EEG delta power in NREM sleep in the C57BL/6J mouse. Sleep Med. 2006; 7: 7-16.
    • (2006) Sleep Med. , vol.7 , pp. 7-16
    • Polotsky, V.Y.1    Rubin, A.E.2    Balbir, A.3
  • 225
    • 79952216554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic sleep disturbance impairs glucose homeostasis in rats
    • Barf RP, Meerlo P, Scheurink AJ. Chronic sleep disturbance impairs glucose homeostasis in rats. Int. J. Endocrinol. 2010; 2010: 819414.
    • (2010) Int. J. Endocrinol. , vol.2010 , pp. 819414
    • Barf, R.P.1    Meerlo, P.2    Scheurink, A.J.3
  • 226
    • 84898022092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep fragmentation promotes NADPH oxidase 2-mediated adipose tissue inflammation leading to insulin resistance in mice
    • Zhang SX, Khalyfa A, Wang Y etal. Sleep fragmentation promotes NADPH oxidase 2-mediated adipose tissue inflammation leading to insulin resistance in mice. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 2014; 38: 619-624.
    • (2014) Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) , vol.38 , pp. 619-624
    • Zhang, S.X.1    Khalyfa, A.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 227
    • 84872558050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained sleep fragmentation affects brain temperature, food intake and glucose tolerance in mice
    • Baud MO, Magistretti PJ, Petit JM. Sustained sleep fragmentation affects brain temperature, food intake and glucose tolerance in mice. J. Sleep Res. 2013; 22: 3-12.
    • (2013) J. Sleep Res. , vol.22 , pp. 3-12
    • Baud, M.O.1    Magistretti, P.J.2    Petit, J.M.3
  • 228
    • 84895807775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic sleep fragmentation promotes obesity in young adult mice
    • Wang Y, Carreras A, Lee S etal. Chronic sleep fragmentation promotes obesity in young adult mice. Obesity 2014; 22: 758-762.
    • (2014) Obesity , vol.22 , pp. 758-762
    • Wang, Y.1    Carreras, A.2    Lee, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.