메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 149-169

Pediatric in vitro and in silico models of deposition via oral and nasal inhalation

Author keywords

Benchtop models; Child; Computational fluid dynamics; Empirical correlations; Exposure risk assessment; Infant; Inhalation toxicology; Inhaled pharmaceutical aerosol; Mathematical models

Indexed keywords

FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE; NOSE SPRAY; AEROSOL; DRUG; PARTICULATE MATTER;

EID: 84901721923     PISSN: 19412711     EISSN: 19412703     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1075     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (35)

References (209)
  • 1
    • 79960401622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and airway disease
    • Kelly FJ, and Fussell JC: Air pollution and airway disease. Clin Exp Allergy. 2011;41:1059-1071
    • (2011) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.41 , pp. 1059-1071
    • Kelly, F.J.1    Fussell, J.C.2
  • 3
    • 0030870234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between selected causes of postneonatal infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the United States
    • Woodruff TJ, Grillo J, and Schoendorf KC: The relationship between selected causes of postneonatal infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the United States. Environ Health Perspect. 1997;105:608-612. (Pubitemid 27405809)
    • (1997) Environmental Health Perspectives , vol.105 , Issue.6 , pp. 608-612
    • Woodruff, T.J.1    Grillo, J.2    Schoendorf, K.C.3
  • 5
    • 0032723757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of air pollution on infant mortality appears specific for respiratory causes in the postneonatal period
    • Bobak M, and Leon DA: The effect of air pollution on infant mortality appears specific for respiratory causes in the postneonatal period. Epidemiology. 1999;10:666-670. (Pubitemid 29494045)
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 666-670
    • Bobak, M.1    Leon, D.A.2
  • 7
    • 1842482439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and children's health
    • Schwartz J: Air pollution and children's health. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1037-1043
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.113 , pp. 1037-1043
    • Schwartz, J.1
  • 8
    • 0029085471 scopus 로고
    • The application of dosimetry models to identify key processes and parameters for default dose-response assessment approaches
    • Jarabek AM: The application of dosimetry models to identify key processes and parameters for default dose-response assessment approaches. Toxicol Lett. 1995;79:171-184
    • (1995) Toxicol Lett , vol.79 , pp. 171-184
    • Jarabek, A.M.1
  • 10
    • 77953602481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Options for incorporating children's inhaled dose into human health risk assessment
    • Ginsberg G, Foos B, Dzubow RB, and Firestone M: Options for incorporating children's inhaled dose into human health risk assessment. Inhal Toxicol. 2010;22:627-647
    • (2010) Inhal Toxicol , vol.22 , pp. 627-647
    • Ginsberg, G.1    Foos, B.2    Dzubow, R.B.3    Firestone, M.4
  • 12
    • 84869038523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery of inhaled drugs for infants and small children: A commentary on present and future needs
    • Fink JB: Delivery of inhaled drugs for infants and small children: A commentary on present and future needs. Clin Ther. 2012;34:S36-S45
    • (2012) Clin Ther , vol.34
    • Fink, J.B.1
  • 13
    • 0017657327 scopus 로고
    • Edward BD Neuhauser lecture: The lung: Its growth and remodeling in health and disease
    • Reid L: 1976 Edward B.D. Neuhauser lecture: The lung: Its growth and remodeling in health and disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1977;129:777-788
    • (1976) AJR Am J Roentgenol , vol.1977 , Issue.129 , pp. 777-788
    • Reid, L.1
  • 14
    • 0001586071 scopus 로고
    • Postnatal growth of the lung
    • Dunhill MS: Postnatal growth of the lung. Thorax. 1962; 17:329-333
    • (1962) Thorax , vol.17 , pp. 329-333
    • Dunhill, M.S.1
  • 15
    • 85027917259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breathing resistance and ultrafine particle deposition in nasal-laryngeal airways of a newborn, an infant, a child, and an adult
    • Xi J, Berlinski A, Zhou Y, Greenberg B, and Ou X: Breathing resistance and ultrafine particle deposition in nasal-laryngeal airways of a newborn, an infant, a child, and an adult. Ann Biomed Eng. 2012;40:2579-2595
    • (2012) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.40 , pp. 2579-2595
    • Xi, J.1    Berlinski, A.2    Zhou, Y.3    Greenberg, B.4    Ou, X.5
  • 16
    • 0034111627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-percentage lung delivery in children from detergent-treated spacers
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0496(200005)29:5<389:: AID-PPUL8>3.0.CO;2-3
    • Wildhaber JH, Janssens HM, Piérart F, Dore ND, Devadason SG, and LeSouéf PN: High-percentage lung delivery in children from detergent-treated spacers. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2000;29:389-393. (Pubitemid 30230427)
    • (2000) Pediatric Pulmonology , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 389-393
    • Wildhaber, J.H.1    Janssens, H.M.2    Pierart, F.3    Dore, N.D.4    Devadason, S.G.5    LeSouef, P.N.6
  • 18
    • 0029863731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition pattern of radiolabeled salbutamol inhaled from a metered-dose inhaler by means of a spacer with mask in young children with airway obstruction
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3476(96)70357-8
    • Tal A, Golan H, Grauer N, Aviram M, Albin D, and Quastel MR: Deposition pattern of radiolabeled salbutamol inhaled from a metered-dose inhaler by means of a spacer with mask in young children with airway obstruction. J Pediatr. 1996;128:479-484. (Pubitemid 26114084)
    • (1996) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.128 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-484
    • Tal, A.1    Golan, H.2    Grauer, N.3    Aviram, M.4    Albin, D.5    Quastel, M.R.6
  • 19
    • 0033497527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhalation therapy in asthma: Nebulizer or pressurized metered-dose inhaler with holding
    • chamber? In vivo comparison of lung deposition in children
    • Wildhaber JH, Dore ND, Wilson JM, Devadason SG, and LeSouéf PN: Inhalation therapy in asthma: Nebulizer or pressurized metered-dose inhaler with holding chamber? In vivo comparison of lung deposition in children. J Pediatr. 1999;135:28-33
    • (1999) J Pediatr , vol.135 , pp. 28-33
    • Wildhaber, J.H.1    Dore, N.D.2    Wilson, J.M.3    Devadason, S.G.4    LeSouéf, P.N.5
  • 22
    • 0001388749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrathoracic deposition of inhaled, coarse particles (45lm) in children vs adults
    • Bennett WD, Zeman KL, Kang CW, and Schechter MS: Extrathoracic deposition of inhaled, coarse particles (4.5lm) in children vs adults. Ann Occup Hyg. 1997;41:497-502
    • (1997) Ann Occup Hyg , vol.41 , pp. 497-502
    • Bennett, W.D.1    Zeman, K.L.2    Kang, C.W.3    Schechter, M.S.4
  • 27
    • 0029893767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol deposition in infants with cystic fibrosis
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0496(199605)21:5<276:: AID-PPUL2>3.0.CO;2-L
    • Mallol J, Rattray S, Walker G, Cook D, and Robertson CF: Aerosol deposition in infants with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1996;21:276-281. (Pubitemid 26159823)
    • (1996) Pediatric Pulmonology , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 276-281
    • Mallol, J.1    Rattray, S.2    Walker, G.3    Cook, D.4    Robertson, C.F.5
  • 31
    • 0037637609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of technetium-99m-labelled QVAR™ delivered using an Autohaler™ device in children
    • Devadason SG, Huang T, Walker S, Troedson R, and Le Souéf PN: Distribution of technetium-99m-labelled Qvar- delivered using an Autohaler- device in children. Eur Respir J. 2003;21:1007-1011. (Pubitemid 36675618)
    • (2003) European Respiratory Journal , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 1007-1011
    • Devadason, S.G.1    Huang, T.2    Walker, S.3    Troedson, R.4    Le Souef, P.N.5
  • 32
    • 84859268622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of small particles in the developing lung
    • Amirav I, and Newhouse MT: Deposition of small particles in the developing lung. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2012;13:73-78
    • (2012) Paediatr Respir Rev , vol.13 , pp. 73-78
    • Amirav, I.1    Newhouse, M.T.2
  • 35
    • 33745208693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol therapy: The special needs of young children
    • Suppl1
    • Janssens HM, and Tiddens HAWM: Aerosol therapy: The special needs of young children. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7 Suppl 1:S83-S85
    • (2006) Paediatr Respir Rev , vol.7
    • Janssens, H.M.1    Tiddens, H.A.W.M.2
  • 36
    • 33748136097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infant Aerosol Holding chamber face masks: Not all are born equal!
    • Amirav I: Infant aerosol holding chamber face masks: Not all are born equal! Respir Care. 2006;51:123-125
    • (2006) Respir Care , vol.51 , pp. 123-125
    • Amirav, I.1
  • 37
    • 0028603397 scopus 로고
    • Studies using radiolabelled aerosols in children
    • Everard ML: Studies using radiolabelled aerosols in children. Thorax. 1994;49:1259-1266
    • (1994) Thorax , vol.49 , pp. 1259-1266
    • Everard, M.L.1
  • 38
    • 0025234591 scopus 로고
    • How much aerosol reaches the lungs of wheezy infants and toddlers?
    • Salmon B, Wilson NM, and Silverman M: How much aerosol reaches the lungs of wheezy infants and toddlers? Arch Dis Child. 1990;65:401-403
    • (1990) Arch Dis Child , vol.65 , pp. 401-403
    • Salmon, B.1    Wilson, N.M.2    Silverman, M.3
  • 40
    • 0026973474 scopus 로고
    • Total deposition of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract of children during spontaneous and controlled mouth breathing
    • Schiller-Scotland CF, Hlawa R, Gebhart J, Wo?nne R, and Heyder J: Total deposition of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract of children during spontaneous and controlled mouth breathing. J Aerosol Sci. 1992;23:S457-S460. (Pubitemid 23634507)
    • (1992) Journal of Aerosol Science , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Schiller-Scotland Ch., F.1    Hlawa, R.2    Gebhart, J.3    Wonne, R.4    Heyder, J.5
  • 41
    • 0028244020 scopus 로고
    • Experimental data for total deposition in the respiratory tract of children
    • DOI 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90020-5
    • Schiller-Scotland CF, Hlawa R, and Gebhart J: Experimental data for total deposition in the respiratory tract of children. Toxicol Lett. 1994;72:137-144. (Pubitemid 24180223)
    • (1994) Toxicology Letters , vol.72 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 137-144
    • Schiller-Scotland Ch., F.1    Hlawa, R.2    Gebhart, J.3
  • 42
    • 4344696619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of body size on breathing pattern and fine-particle deposition in children
    • DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01403.2003
    • Bennett WD, and Zeman KL: Effect of body size on breathing pattern and fine-particle deposition in children. J Appl Physiol. 2004;97:821-826. (Pubitemid 39121400)
    • (2004) Journal of Applied Physiology , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 821-826
    • Bennett, W.D.1    Zeman, K.L.2
  • 43
    • 37549069931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nasal contribution to breathing and fine particle deposition in children versus adults
    • Bennett WD, Zeman KL, and Jarabek AM: Nasal contribution to breathing and fine particle deposition in children versus adults. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2008;71:227-237
    • (2008) J Toxicol Environ Health A. , vol.71 , pp. 227-237
    • Bennett, W.D.1    Zeman, K.L.2    Jarabek, A.M.3
  • 44
    • 84904805462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Realistic Evaluation Of A Valved Holding chamber with facemask-using a soft anatomical model face to evaluate aerosol output under simulated conditions
    • In. RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Hsu W, Bai T, von Hollen D, Nikander K, and Dalby R: Realistic evaluation of a valved holding chamber with facemask - using a soft anatomical model face to evaluate aerosol output under simulated conditions. In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2010. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 835-838, 2010
    • (2010) RDD 2010 Davis Healthcare International Publishing , pp. 835-8838
    • Hsu, W.1    Bai, T.2    Von Hollen, D.3    Nikander, K.4    Dalby, R.5
  • 45
    • 84901714975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol delivery of medication
    • In. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Pulmonology, (eds American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL
    • Geller P, and Berlinski A: Aerosol delivery of medication. In: American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Pulmonology, (eds). Pediatric Pulmonology. American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL; pp. 913-932, 2011
    • (2011) Pediatric Pulmonology , pp. 913-9932
    • Geller, P.1    Berlinski, A.2
  • 46
    • 0038771127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhalation therapy for infants
    • Everard ML: Inhalation therapy for infants. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2003;55:869-878
    • (2003) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.55 , pp. 869-878
    • Everard, M.L.1
  • 47
    • 84901720327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elements of mask design for successful aerosol delivery
    • Abstract only] O-22 International Society for Aerosols in Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. April
    • Amirav I: Elements of mask design for successful aerosol delivery. [Abstract only]. O-22. ISAM 19th International Congress. International Society for Aerosols in Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. April 6-10, 2013
    • (2013) ISAM 19th International Congress , pp. 6-10
    • Amirav, I.1
  • 49
    • 0043033237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nebuliser hood compared tomask inwheezy infants: Aerosol therapy without tears!
    • Amirav I, Balanov I, GorenbergM, Groshar D, and LuderAS: Nebuliser hood compared tomask inwheezy infants: Aerosol therapy without tears! Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:719-723
    • (2003) Arch Dis Child , vol.88 , pp. 719-723
    • Amirav, I.1    Balanov, I.2    Gorenberg, M.3    Groshar, D.4    Luder, A.S.5
  • 50
    • 27744605707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol delivery in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Hood or face mask?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.05.035, PII S0022347605004658
    • Amirav I, Oron A, Tal G, Cesar K, Ballin A, Houri S, Naugolny L, and Mandelberg A: Aerosol delivery in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Hood or face mask? J Pediatr. 2005;147:627-631. (Pubitemid 41598335)
    • (2005) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.147 , Issue.5 , pp. 627-631
    • Amirav, I.1    Oron, A.2    Tal, G.3    Cesar, K.4    Ballin, A.5    Houri, S.6    Naugolny, L.7    Mandelberg, A.8
  • 52
    • 79960351588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro comparison of heliox and oxygen in aerosol delivery using pediatric high flow nasal cannula
    • Ari A, Harwood R, Sheard M, Dailey P, and Fink JB: In vitro comparison of heliox and oxygen in aerosol delivery using pediatric high flow nasal cannula. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011;46:795-801
    • (2011) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.46 , pp. 795-801
    • Ari, A.1    Harwood, R.2    Sheard, M.3    Dailey, P.4    Fink, J.B.5
  • 53
    • 84964219078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spacer devices
    • In. H Bisgaard, C O'Callaghan, and GC Smaldone, (eds) Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, NY
    • Bisgaard H, Anhøj J, and Wildhaber JH: Spacer devices. In: H Bisgaard, C O'Callaghan, and GC Smaldone, (eds). Drug Delivery to the Lung. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY; pp. 389-420, 2002
    • (2002) Drug Delivery to the Lung , pp. 389-3420
    • Bisgaard, H.1    Anhøj, J.2    Wildhaber, J.H.3
  • 55
    • 79960196391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • on behalf of the european paediatric formulation initiative (eupfi): Delivery devices for the administration of paediatric formulations: Overview of current practice, challenges and recent developments
    • Walsh J, Bickmann D, Breitkreutz J, Chariot-Goulet M, on behalf of the European Paediatric Formulation Initiative (EuPFI): Delivery devices for the administration of paediatric formulations: Overview of current practice, challenges and recent developments. Int J Pharm. 2011;415: 221-231
    • (2011) Int J Pharm , vol.415 , pp. 221-231
    • Walsh, J.1    Bickmann, D.2    Breitkreutz, J.3    Chariot-Goulet, M.4
  • 56
    • 33846848061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies for intranasal delivery of therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of NeuroAIDS
    • Hanson LR, and Frey WHF II: Strategies for intranasal delivery of therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of NeuroAIDS. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2007;2:81-86
    • (2007) J Neuroimmune Pharmacol , vol.2 , pp. 81-86
    • Hanson, L.R.1    Frey II, W.H.F.2
  • 57
    • 84860193946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranasal delivery of biologics to the central nervous system
    • Lochhead JJ, and Thorne RG: Intranasal delivery of biologics to the central nervous system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012;15:614-628
    • (2012) Adv Drug Deliv Rev , vol.15 , pp. 614-628
    • Lochhead, J.J.1    Thorne, R.G.2
  • 58
    • 84901724169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sinus drug delivery: Science versus anecdotes rdd europe 2007
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds) LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Laube BL: Sinus drug delivery: Science versus anecdotes In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds). RDD Europe 2007. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 159-168, 2007
    • Davis Healthcare International Publishing , vol.2007 , pp. 159-1168
    • Laube, B.L.1
  • 59
    • 84901719335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cystic fibrosis
    • In. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Pulmonology, (eds American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL
    • Schechter MS, and O'Sullivan BP: Cystic fibrosis. In: American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Pulmonology, (eds). Pediatric Pulmonology. American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL; pp. 717-743, 2011
    • (2011) Pediatric Pulmonology , pp. 717-7743
    • Schechter, M.S.1    O'Sullivan, B.P.2
  • 60
    • 0026577289 scopus 로고
    • Drug delivery from holding chambers with attached facemask
    • Everard ML, Clark AR, and Milner AD: Drug delivery from holding chambers with attached facemask. Arch Dis Child. 1992;67:580-585
    • (1992) Arch Dis Child , vol.67 , pp. 580-585
    • Everard, M.L.1    Clark, A.R.2    Milner, A.D.3
  • 61
    • 33748155376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Force-dependent static dead space of face masks used with holding chambers
    • Shah SA, Berlinski AB, and Rubin BK: Force-dependent static dead space of face masks used with holding chambers. Respir Care. 2006;51:140-144
    • (2006) Respir Care , vol.51 , pp. 140-144
    • Shah, S.A.1    Berlinski, A.B.2    Rubin, B.K.3
  • 62
    • 43249128122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dead space variability of face masks for valved holding chambers
    • Amirav I, and Newhouse MT: Dead space variability of face masks for valved holding chambers. Isr Med Assoc J. 2008;10:224-225
    • (2008) Isr Med Assoc J. , vol.10 , pp. 224-225
    • Amirav, I.1    Newhouse, M.T.2
  • 63
    • 77449113062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of face mask dead volume, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on inhaled albuterol delivery
    • Chavez A, McCracken A, and Berlinksi A: Effect of face mask dead volume, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on inhaled albuterol delivery. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010;45:224- 229
    • (2010) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.45 , pp. 224-229
    • Chavez, A.1    McCracken, A.2    Berlinksi, A.3
  • 64
    • 0029070370 scopus 로고
    • The effect of delay, multiple actuations and spacer static charge on the in vitro delivery of budesonide from the Nebuhaler
    • Barry PW, and O'Callaghan C: The effect of delay, multiple actuations and spacer static charge on the in vitro delivery of budesonide from the Nebuhaler. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1995;40:76-78
    • (1995) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.40 , pp. 76-78
    • Barry, P.W.1    O'Callaghan, C.2
  • 65
    • 33845701748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro comparison of output and particle size distribution of budesonide from metered-dose inhaler with three spacer devices during pediatric tidal breathing
    • Kamin W, and Ehlich H: In vitro comparison of output and particle size distribution of budesonide from metered-dose inhaler with three spacer devices during pediatric tidal breathing. Treat Respir Med. 2006;5:503-508
    • (2006) Treat Respir Med , vol.5 , pp. 503-508
    • Kamin, W.1    Ehlich, H.2
  • 66
    • 0027316392 scopus 로고
    • Improvement in sodium cromoglycate delivery from a spacer device by use of an antistatic lining, immediate inhalation, and avoiding multiple actuations of drug
    • O'Callaghan C, Lynch J, Cant M, and Robertson C: Improvement in sodium cromoglycate delivery from a spacer device by use of an antistatic lining, immediate inhalation, and avoiding multiple actuations of drug. Thorax. 1993; 48:603-606. (Pubitemid 23188432)
    • (1993) Thorax , vol.48 , Issue.6 , pp. 603-606
    • O'Callaghan, C.1    Lynch, J.2    Cant, M.3    Robertson, C.4
  • 67
    • 0029073282 scopus 로고
    • A Metal Aerosol Holding chamber devised for young children with asthma
    • Bisgaard H: A metal aerosol holding chamber devised for young children with asthma. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:856-860
    • (1995) Eur Respir J. , vol.8 , pp. 856-860
    • Bisgaard, H.1
  • 68
    • 0029164789 scopus 로고
    • A non-electrostatic spacer for aerosol delivery
    • Bisgaard H, Anhøj J, Klug B, and Berg E: A non-electrostatic spacer for aerosol delivery. Arch Dis Child. 1995;73:226-230
    • (1995) Arch Dis Child , vol.73 , pp. 226-230
    • Bisgaard, H.1    Anhøj, J.2    Klug, B.3    Berg, E.4
  • 69
    • 0029073282 scopus 로고
    • A Metal Aerosol Holding chamber devised for young children with asthma
    • Bisgaard H: A metal aerosol holding chamber devised for young children with asthma. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:856-860
    • (1995) Eur Respir J. , vol.8 , pp. 856-860
    • Bisgaard, H.1
  • 71
    • 0031901296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of static charge in spacer devices on glucocorticosteroid aerosol deposition in asthmatic patients
    • Kenyon CJ, Thorsson L, Borgstro?m L, and Newman SP: The effects of static charge in spacer devices on glucocorticosteroid aerosol deposition in asthmatic patients. Eur Respir J. 1998;11:606-610. (Pubitemid 28194851)
    • (1998) European Respiratory Journal , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 606-610
    • Kenyon, C.J.1    Thorsson, L.2    Borgstrom, L.3    Newman, S.P.4
  • 72
    • 0029804408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from different small volume spacers for infants
    • Wildhaber JH, Devadason SG, Eber E, Hayden MJ, Everard ML, Summers QA, and LeSouéf PN: Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay, and multiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from different small volume spacers for infants. Thorax. 1996;51:985-988. (Pubitemid 26360172)
    • (1996) Thorax , vol.51 , Issue.10 , pp. 985-988
    • Wildhaber, J.H.1    Devadason, S.G.2    Eber, E.3    Hayden, M.J.4    Everard, M.L.5    Summers, Q.A.6    LeSouef, P.N.7
  • 73
    • 0030604708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of handling techniques on electrostatic charge on spacer devices: A correlation with in vitro particle size analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/0378-5173(96)04500-0
    • Dewsbury NJ, Kenyon CJ, and Newman SP: The effect of handling techniques on electrostatic charge on spacer devices: A correlation with in vitro particle size analysis. Int J Pharm. 1996;137:261-264. (Pubitemid 26226079)
    • (1996) International Journal of Pharmaceutics , vol.137 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-264
    • Dewsbury, N.J.1    Kenyon, C.J.2    Newman, S.P.3
  • 74
    • 0036432971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of plastic spacer handling on salbutamol lung deposition in asthmatic children
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01675.x
    • Lipworth BJ, Lee DKC, Anhøj J, and Bisgaard H: Effect of plastic spacer handling on salbutamol lung deposition in asthmatic children. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;54:544-547. (Pubitemid 35356883)
    • (2002) British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 544-547
    • Lipworth, B.J.1    Lee, D.K.C.2    Anhoj, J.3    Bisgaard, H.4
  • 75
    • 1642515060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of the human oropharyngeal airspaces using magnetic resonance imaging I Validation of a three-dimensional MRI method for producing ex vivo virtual and physical casts of the oropharyngeal airways during inspiration
    • McRobbie DW, Pritchard S, and Quest RA: Studies of the human oropharyngeal airspaces using magnetic resonance imaging. I. Validation of a three-dimensional MRI method for producing ex vivo virtual and physical casts of the oropharyngeal airways during inspiration. J Aerosol Med. 2003;16:401-415
    • (2003) J Aerosol Med , vol.16 , pp. 401-415
    • McRobbie, D.W.1    Pritchard, S.2    Quest, R.A.3
  • 77
    • 77955472439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of albuterol aerosol generated by pneumatic nebulizer in the Sophia Anatomical Infant Nose- Throat (Saint) model
    • Laube BL, Sharpless G, Shermer C, Nasir O, Sullivan V, and Powell K: Deposition of albuterol aerosol generated by pneumatic nebulizer in the Sophia Anatomical Infant Nose- Throat (Saint) model. Pharm Res. 2010;27:1722-1729
    • (2010) Pharm Res , vol.27 , pp. 1722-1729
    • Laube, B.L.1    Sharpless, G.2    Shermer, C.3    Nasir, O.4    Sullivan, V.5    Powell, K.6
  • 78
    • 0032526525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inertial sizing of aerosol inhaled during pediatric tidal breathing from an MDI with attached holding chamber
    • Finlay WH: Inertial sizing of aerosol inhaled during pediatric tidal breathing from an MDI with attached holding chamber. Int J Pharm. 1998;168:147-152
    • (1998) Int J Pharm , vol.168 , pp. 147-152
    • Finlay, W.H.1
  • 79
    • 0038047521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extra-fine particles improve lung delivery of inhaled steroids in infants: A study in an upper airway model
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.123.6.2083
    • Janssens HM, De Jonste JC, Hop WCJ, and Tiddens HAWM: Extra-fine particles improve lung delivery of inhaled steroids in infants: A study in an upper airway model. Chest. 2003;123:2083-2088. (Pubitemid 36706736)
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , Issue.6 , pp. 2083-2088
    • Janssens, H.M.1    De Jongste, J.C.2    Hop, W.C.J.3    Tiddens, H.A.W.M.4
  • 81
    • 33747614387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol therapy by pressurized metered-dose inhaler-spacer in sleeping young children: To do or not to do?
    • Esposito-Festen J, Ijsselstijn H, Hop W, van Vliet F, De Jongste J, and Tiddens H: Aerosol therapy by pressurized metered-dose inhaler-spacer in sleeping young children: To do or not to döChest. 2006;130:487-192
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 487-192
    • Esposito-Festen, J.1    Ijsselstijn, H.2    Hop, W.3    Van Vliet, F.4    De Jongste, J.5    Tiddens, H.6
  • 85
    • 84901703097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds) Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL 2007
    • Everard ML: Playing the game: Designing inhalers for pediatric use In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds). RDD Europe 2007. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 71-78, 2007
    • (2007) Playing the Game: Designing Inhalers For Pediatric Use Rdd Europe , pp. 71-778
    • Everard, M.L.1
  • 87
    • 33745586790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three valved holding chambers for the delivery of fluticasone propionate-hfa to an infant face model
    • Louca E, Leung K, Coates AL, Mitchell JP, and Nagel MW: Comparison of three valved holding chambers for the delivery of fluticasone propionate-HFA to an infant face model. J Aerosol Med. 2006;19:160-167
    • (2006) J Aerosol Med , vol.19 , pp. 160-167
    • Louca, E.1    Leung, K.2    Coates, A.L.3    Mitchell, J.P.4    Nagel, M.W.5
  • 90
    • 84901708236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • chambers VHCs) with facemask using a face model for infants and small children. In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Mitchell JP, Wiersema KJ, MacKay HA, Nagel MW, Pischel SM, and Cripps AL: Novel approach for evaluating medication delivered via valved holding chambers (VHCs) with facemask using a face model for infants and small children In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 785-788, 2008
    • (2008) Novel Approach For Evaluating Medication Delivered Via Valved Holding 2008 , pp. 785-7788
    • Mitchell, J.P.1    Wiersema, K.J.2    MacKay, H.A.3    Nagel, M.W.4    Pischel, S.M.5    Cripps, A.L.6
  • 91
    • 84904816144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery Efficiency From Valved Holding chambers with facemasks: A comparative study using soft anatomical models
    • In. RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Xu Z, Hsu W, von Hollen D, Viswanath A, Nikander K, and Dalby R: Delivery efficiency from valved holding chambers with facemasks: A comparative study using soft anatomical models. In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2012. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 809-813, 2012
    • (2012) RDD , vol.2012 , pp. 809-8813
    • Xu, Z.1    Hsu, W.2    Von Hollen, D.3    Viswanath, A.4    Nikander, K.5    Dalby, R.6
  • 93
    • 84901703091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Publishing LLC. River Grove IL
    • Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 777-780, 2010
    • (2010) Davis Healthcare , pp. 777-7780
  • 94
    • 45949102259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate face models for evaluating drug delivery in the laboratory: The current situation and prospects for future advances
    • Mitchell JP: Appropriate face models for evaluating drug delivery in the laboratory: The current situation and prospects for future advances. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2008;21:97-111
    • (2008) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.21 , pp. 97-111
    • Mitchell, J.P.1
  • 95
    • 84864664212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically relevant test methods to establish in vitro equivalence for spacers and valved holding chambers used with pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs
    • Mitchell J, and Dolovich MB: Clinically relevant test methods to establish in vitro equivalence for spacers and valved holding chambers used with pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs). J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2012;25:217-242
    • (2012) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.25 , pp. 217-242
    • Mitchell, J.1    Dolovich, M.B.2
  • 96
    • 84872017399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study on the use of geometrically accurate face models to replicate ex vivo N95 mask fit
    • Golshahi L, Telidetzki K, King B, Shaw D, and Finlay WH: A pilot study on the use of geometrically accurate face models to replicate ex vivo N95 mask fit. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41:77-79
    • (2013) Am J Infect Control , vol.41 , pp. 77-79
    • Golshahi, L.1    Telidetzki, K.2    King, B.3    Shaw, D.4    Finlay, W.H.5
  • 98
    • 0031834167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro determination of inhaled mass and particle distribution for budesonide nebulizing suspension
    • Smaldone GC, Cruz-Rivera MC, and Nikander K: In vitro determination of inhaled mass and particle distribution for budesonide nebulizing suspension. J Aerosol Med. 1998;11:113-125
    • (1998) J Aerosol Med , vol.11 , pp. 113-125
    • Smaldone, G.C.1    Cruz-Rivera, M.C.2    Nikander, K.3
  • 99
    • 73449096131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro delivery of budesonide from 30 jet nebulizer/compressor combinations using infant and child breathing patterns
    • Berg EB, and Picard RJ: In vitro delivery of budesonide from 30 jet nebulizer/compressor combinations using infant and child breathing patterns. Respir Care. 2009;54: 1671-1678
    • (2009) Respir Care , vol.54 , pp. 1671-1678
    • Berg, E.B.1    Picard, R.J.2
  • 100
    • 0032890101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Undersizing of droplets from a vented nebulizer caused by aerosol heating during transit through an Anderson impactor
    • DOI 10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00024-X, PII S002185029800024X
    • Finlay WH, and Stapleton KW: Undersizing of droplets from a vented nebulizer caused by aerosol heating during transit through an Andersen impactor. J Aerosol Sci. 1999;30:105-109. (Pubitemid 28488411)
    • (1999) Journal of Aerosol Science , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-109
    • Finlay, W.H.1    Stapleton, K.W.2
  • 103
    • 84868345026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of nebulizer type with different pediatric aerosol masks on drug deposition in a model of a spontaneously breathing small child
    • Lin HL, Wan GH, Chen YH, Fink JB, Liu WQ, and Liu KY: Influence of nebulizer type with different pediatric aerosol masks on drug deposition in a model of a spontaneously breathing small child. Respir Care. 2012;57:1894-1900
    • (2012) Respir Care , vol.57 , pp. 1894-1900
    • Lin, H.L.1    Wan, G.H.2    Chen, Y.H.3    Fink, J.B.4    Liu, W.Q.5    Liu, K.Y.6
  • 104
    • 52649144278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the premature infant nose throat-model (Pr-INT-Model) - An upper airway replica of a premature neonate for the study of aerosol delivery
    • Minocchieri S, Burren JM, Bachmann MA, Stern G, Wildhaber J, Buob S, Schindel R, Kraemer R, Frey UP, and Nelle M: Development of the premature infant nose throat-model (Pr-INT-Model) - An upper airway replica of a premature neonate for the study of aerosol delivery. Pediatr Res. 2008;64:141-146
    • (2008) Pediatr Res , vol.64 , pp. 141-146
    • Minocchieri, S.1    Burren, J.M.2    Bachmann, M.A.3    Stern, G.4    Wildhaber, J.5    Buob, S.6    Schindel, R.7    Kraemer, R.8    Frey, U.P.9    Nelle, M.10
  • 105
    • 84870829503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blow-by as potential therapy for uncooperative children: An in-vitro study
    • Mansour MM, and Smaldone GC: Blow-by as potential therapy for uncooperative children: An in-vitro study. Respir Care. 2012;57:2004-2011
    • (2012) Respir Care , vol.57 , pp. 2004-2011
    • Mansour, M.M.1    Smaldone, G.C.2
  • 106
    • 2442491144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facemasks and Facial Deposition of Aerosols
    • DOI 10.1002/ppul.10454
    • Sangwan S, Gurses BK, and Smaldone GC: Facemasks and facial deposition of aerosols. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37: 447-452. (Pubitemid 38620068)
    • (2004) Pediatric Pulmonology , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 447-452
    • Sangwan, S.1    Gurses, B.K.2    Smaldone, G.C.3
  • 107
    • 34247584997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facemask design, facial deposition, and delivered dose of nebulized aerosols
    • Smaldone GC, Sangwan S, and Shah A: Facemask design, facial deposition, and delivered dose of nebulized aerosols. J Aerosol Med. 2007;20:S66-S77
    • (2007) J Aerosol Med , vol.20
    • Smaldone, G.C.1    Sangwan, S.2    Shah, A.3
  • 108
    • 39449093951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial and ocular deposition of nebulized budesonide: Effects of face mask design
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.07-1827
    • Harris KW, and Smaldone GC: Facial and ocular deposition of nebulized budesonide: Effects of face mask design. Chest. 2008;133:482-488. (Pubitemid 351272409)
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , Issue.2 , pp. 482-488
    • Harris, K.W.1    Smaldone, G.C.2
  • 109
    • 48249127607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical investigation of aerosol deposition at the eyes when using a hood inhaler for infants - A 3D simulation
    • Amirav I, Shakked T, Broday DM, and Katoshevski D: Numerical investigation of aerosol deposition at the eyes when using a hood inhaler for infants - A 3D simulation. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2008;21:207-214
    • (2008) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.21 , pp. 207-214
    • Amirav, I.1    Shakked, T.2    Broday, D.M.3    Katoshevski, D.4
  • 110
    • 84901717509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hood nebulization: Effects of head direction and breathing mode on particle inhalability and deposition in a 7-month-old infant model
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Kim J, Xi J, Si X, Berlinksi A, and Su WC: Hood nebulization: Effects of head direction and breathing mode on particle inhalability and deposition in a 7-month-old infant model. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2013) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv
    • Kim, J.1    Xi, J.2    Si, X.3    Berlinksi, A.4    Su, W.C.5
  • 113
    • 84895931374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of cannula size and flow rate on aerosol drug delivery through the Vapotherm humidified high-flow nasal cannula system
    • Perry SA, Kesser KC, Geller DE, Selhorst DM, Rendle JK, and Hertzog JH: Influence of cannula size and flow rate on aerosol drug delivery through the Vapotherm humidified high-flow nasal cannula system. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013;14:e250-e256
    • (2013) Pediatr Crit Care Med , vol.14
    • Perry, S.A.1    Kesser, K.C.2    Geller, D.E.3    Selhorst, D.M.4    Rendle, J.K.5    Hertzog, J.H.6
  • 114
    • 84886734401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving pharmaceutical aerosol delivery during noninvasive ventilation: Effects of streamlined components
    • Longest PW, Golshahi L, and Hindle M: Improving pharmaceutical aerosol delivery during noninvasive ventilation: Effects of streamlined components. Ann Biomed Eng. 2013;41:1217-1232
    • (2013) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.41 , pp. 1217-1232
    • Longest, P.W.1    Golshahi, L.2    Hindle, M.3
  • 115
    • 79953890457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the lung delivery of nasally administered aerosols during noninvasive ventilation - An application of enhanced condensational growth (ECG
    • Longest PW, Tian G, and Hindle M: Improving the lung delivery of nasally administered aerosols during noninvasive ventilation - An application of enhanced condensational growth (ECG). J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2011;24:103-118
    • (2011) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.24 , pp. 103-118
    • Longest, P.W.1    Tian, G.2    Hindle, M.3
  • 116
    • 84886095631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of condensational growth methods for efficient drug delivery to the lungs during noninvasive ventilation high flow therapy
    • Golshahi L, Tian G, Azimi M, Son Y-J, Walenga R, Longest PW, and Hindle M: The use of condensational growth methods for efficient drug delivery to the lungs during noninvasive ventilation high flow therapy. Pharm Res. 2013; 30:2917-2930
    • (2013) Pharm Res , vol.30 , pp. 2917-2930
    • Golshahi, L.1    Tian, G.2    Azimi, M.3    Son, Y.-J.4    Walenga, R.5    Longest, P.W.6    Hindle, M.7
  • 117
    • 0029895145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler
    • Everard ML, Devadason SG, and Le Souef: Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler. Thorax. 1996; 51:537-539. (Pubitemid 26160478)
    • (1996) Thorax , vol.51 , Issue.5 , pp. 537-539
    • Everard, M.L.1    Devadason, S.G.2    Le Souef, P.N.3
  • 119
    • 84901703099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing a novel dry powder inhaler for the delivery of porous nanoparticle aggregate particle (PNAP) vaccines to infants
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds) International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Miller RL, Plourde R, Bovet J-M, Howell KR, and Boyce CM: Designing a novel dry powder inhaler for the delivery of porous nanoparticle aggregate particle (PNAP) vaccines to infants In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, and JD Suman, (eds). RDD Europe 2007. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 291-294, 2007
    • (2007) RDD Europe 2007 Davis Healthcare , pp. 291-2294
    • Miller, R.L.1    Plourde, R.2    Bovet, J.-M.3    Howell, K.R.4    Boyce, C.M.5
  • 120
    • 84901707562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a disposable dry powder delivery device platform
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds) International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Shermer CD, Krayer JD, Chan L, and Powell KG: Development of a disposable dry powder delivery device platform In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 405-408, 2008
    • (2008) RDD 2008 Davis Healthcare , pp. 405-4408
    • Shermer, C.D.1    Krayer, J.D.2    Chan, L.3    Powell, K.G.4
  • 121
    • 84901709262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental effects on the performance of a novel disposable pulmonary delivery device
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds) International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Powell KG, Chan L, Shermer CD, and Krayer JD: Environmental effects on the performance of a novel disposable pulmonary delivery device In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 399-403, 2008
    • (2008) RDD 2008 Davis Healthcare , pp. 399-3403
    • Powell, K.G.1    Chan, L.2    Shermer, C.D.3    Krayer, J.D.4
  • 122
    • 84901722694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds) RDD 2008 Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Chan L, Shermer CD, Powell KG, and Krayer JD: Spacer considerations in pulmonary delivery to young children In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 395-398, 2008
    • (2008) Spacer Considerations In Pulmonary Delivery To Young Children , pp. 395-3398
    • Chan, L.1    Shermer, C.D.2    Powell, K.G.3    Krayer, J.D.4
  • 123
    • 84859165731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of dry powder generated by solovent in sophia anatomical infant nose-throat (saint) model
    • Laube BL, Sharpless G, Shermer C, Sullivan V, and Powell K: Deposition of dry powder generated by Solovent in Sophia Anatomical Infant Nose-Throat (Saint) model. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2012;46:514-520
    • (2012) Aerosol Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 514-520
    • Laube, B.L.1    Sharpless, G.2    Shermer, C.3    Sullivan, V.4    Powell, K.5
  • 124
    • 84874321222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the performance of two dry powder inhalers in preschool children using an idealized pediatric upper airway model
    • Below A, Bickmann D, and Breitkreutz J: Assessing the performance of two dry powder inhalers in preschool children using an idealized pediatric upper airway model. Int J Pharm. 2013;444:169-174
    • (2013) Int J Pharm , vol.444 , pp. 169-174
    • Below, A.1    Bickmann, D.2    Breitkreutz, J.3
  • 125
  • 126
    • 84898022713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining inhaler performance using a child's throat model
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD LLC, River Grove, IL 2008
    • Bickmann D, Wachtel H, Kröger R, and Langguth P: Examining inhaler performance using a child's throat model In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 565-569, 2008
    • (2008) Davis Healthcare International Publishing , pp. 565-5569
    • Bickmann, D.1    Wachtel, H.2    Kröger, R.3    Langguth, P.4
  • 127
    • 84901718357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining imaging techniques and cfd to model lung deposition in various age classes of the paediatric population: Lung imaging in product development
    • Available a.t.
    • Bickmann D: Combining imaging techniques and CFD to model lung deposition in various age classes of the paediatric population: Lung imaging in product development. Boehringer Ingelheim. Available at: Www.apsgb.org/ drugsinthelungs2011/10.00-Dr-Deborah-Bickmann.pdf. Accessed May 15, 2013
    • (2013) Boehringer Ingelheim , vol.15
    • Bickmann, D.1
  • 128
    • 84901719584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds RDD 2010. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Wachtel H, Bickmann D, Breitkreutz J, and Langguth P: Can pediatric throat models improve our dose finding strategy? In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2010. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 195-204, 2010
    • (2010) Can pediatric Throat Models Improve Our Dose Finding Strategy? , pp. 195-1204
    • Wachtel, H.1    Bickmann, D.2    Breitkreutz, J.3    Langguth, P.4
  • 130
    • 78651540144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of airflow and aerosol deposition in the nasal cavity of a 5-year-old child
    • Xi J, Si X, Kim JW, and Berlinski A: Simulation of airflow and aerosol deposition in the nasal cavity of a 5-year-old child. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:156-173
    • (2011) J Aerosol Sci , vol.42 , pp. 156-173
    • Xi, J.1    Si, X.2    Kim, J.W.3    Berlinski, A.4
  • 132
    • 0026326985 scopus 로고
    • Inspiratory inertial deposition of aerosols in human nasal airway replicate casts: Implication for the proposed NCRP lung model
    • Swift DL: Inspiratory inertial deposition of aerosols in human nasal airway replicate casts: Implication for the proposed NCRP lung model. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 1991; 38:29-34
    • (1991) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.38 , pp. 29-34
    • Swift, D.L.1
  • 134
    • 0029394760 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of ultrafine aerosols and thoron progeny in replicas of nasal airways of young children
    • Cheng Y-S, Smith SM, Yeh H-C, Kim D-B, Cheng H-H, and Swift DL: Deposition of ultrafine aerosols and thoron progeny in replicas of nasal airways of young children. Aerosol Sci Technol. 1995;23:541-552
    • (1995) Aerosol Sci Technol , vol.23 , pp. 541-552
    • Cheng, Y.-S.1    Smith, S.M.2    Yeh, H.-C.3    Kim, D.-B.4    Cheng, H.-H.5    Swift, D.L.6
  • 136
    • 56049107464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in infant nasal airway replicas
    • Storey-Bishoff J, Noga M, and Finlay WH: Deposition of micrometer-sized aerosol particles in infant nasal airway replicas. J Aerosol Sci. 2008;39:1055-1065
    • (2008) J Aerosol Sci , vol.39 , pp. 1055-1065
    • Storey-Bishoff, J.1    Noga, M.2    Finlay, W.H.3
  • 137
    • 79955974555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro deposition measurement of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in extrathoracic airways of children and adolescents during nose breathing
    • Golshahi L, Noga ML, Thompson RB, and Finlay WH: In vitro deposition measurement of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in extrathoracic airways of children and adolescents during nose breathing. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:474-488
    • (2011) J Aerosol Sci , vol.42 , pp. 474-488
    • Golshahi, L.1    Noga, M.L.2    Thompson, R.B.3    Finlay, W.H.4
  • 138
    • 84859601531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deposition of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in oropharyngeal airway replicas of children at constant flow rates
    • Golshahi L, Noga ML, and Finlay WH: Deposition of inhaled micrometer-sized particles in oropharyngeal airway replicas of children at constant flow rates. J Aerosol Sci. 2012;49:21-31
    • (2012) J Aerosol Sci , vol.49 , pp. 21-31
    • Golshahi, L.1    Noga, M.L.2    Finlay, W.H.3
  • 139
    • 84871446268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of children during tidal oral breathing
    • Golshahi L, Vehring R, Noga ML, and Finlay WH: In vitro deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of children during tidal oral breathing. J Aerosol Sci. 2013;57:14-21
    • (2013) J Aerosol Sci , vol.57 , pp. 14-21
    • Golshahi, L.1    Vehring, R.2    Noga, M.L.3    Finlay, W.H.4
  • 140
    • 84872279398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol deposition in a nasopharyngolaryngeal replica of a 5-yearold child
    • Zhou Y, Xi J, Simpson J, Irshad H, and Cheng Y-S: Aerosol deposition in a nasopharyngolaryngeal replica of a 5-yearold child. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2013;47:275-282
    • (2013) Aerosol Sci Technol , vol.47 , pp. 275-282
    • Zhou, Y.1    Xi, J.2    Simpson, J.3    Irshad, H.4    Cheng, Y.-S.5
  • 142
    • 84867433202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An idealized geometry that mimics average infant nasal airway deposition
    • Javaheri E, Golshahi L, and Finlay WH: An idealized geometry that mimics average infant nasal airway deposition. J Aerosol Sci. 2013;55:137-148
    • (2013) J Aerosol Sci , vol.55 , pp. 137-148
    • Javaheri, E.1    Golshahi, L.2    Finlay, W.H.3
  • 143
    • 0026350817 scopus 로고
    • Aerosol deposition in human nasal airway for particles 1 nm to 20 lm: A model study
    • Cheng Y-S, Yeh H-C, and Swift DL: Aerosol deposition in human nasal airway for particles 1 nm to 20 lm: A model study. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 1991;38:41-47
    • (1991) Radiat Prot Dosimetry , vol.38 , pp. 41-47
    • Cheng, Y.-S.1    Yeh, H.-C.2    Swift, D.L.3
  • 144
    • 3242722612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro intersubject and intrasubject deposition measurements in realistic mouth-throat geometries
    • Grgic B, Finlay WH, Burnell PKP, and Heenan AF: In vitro intersubject and intrasubject deposition measurements in realistic mouth-throat geometries. J Aerosol Sci. 2004; 35:1025-1040
    • (2004) J Aerosol Sci , vol.35 , pp. 1025-1040
    • Grgic, B.1    Finlay, W.H.2    Burnell, P.K.P.3    Heenan, A.F.4
  • 145
    • 84876488158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vitro study on the deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of adults during tidal oral breathing
    • Golshahi L, Noga ML, Vehring R, and Finlay WH: An in vitro study on the deposition of micrometer-sized particles in the extrathoracic airways of adults during tidal oral breathing. Ann Biomed Eng. 2013;41:979-989
    • (2013) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.41 , pp. 979-989
    • Golshahi, L.1    Noga, M.L.2    Vehring, R.3    Finlay, W.H.4
  • 147
    • 84901713376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An online calculator for predicting respiratory deposition of inhaled aerosols
    • In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL 2008
    • Martin AR, and Finlay WH: An online calculator for predicting respiratory deposition of inhaled aerosols In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2008. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 801-805, 2008
    • (2008) Davis Healthcare International , pp. 801-8805
    • Martin, A.R.1    Finlay, W.H.2
  • 148
    • 84871426935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Validated Extrathoracic And Pulmonary Deposition Models For Infants And Children
    • In. RNDalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL 2012
    • Finlay WH, Golshahi L, and Noga M: New validated extrathoracic and pulmonary deposition models for infants and children. In:RNDalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2012. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 325-336, 2012
    • (2012) RDD , pp. 325-3336
    • Finlay, W.H.1    Golshahi, L.2    Noga, M.3
  • 149
    • 79958216861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing 3-d mouth-throat dimensions: A rational merging of medical imaging and aerodynamics
    • In. RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL
    • Finlay WH, Golshahi L, Noga M, and Flores-Mir C: Choosing 3-D mouth-throat dimensions: A rational merging of medical imaging and aerodynamics. In: RN Dalby, PR Byron, JP Peart, JD Suman, SJ Farr, and PM Young, (eds). RDD 2010. Davis Healthcare International Publishing, LLC, River Grove, IL; pp. 185-193, 2010
    • (2010) RDD 2010. Davis Healthcare International , pp. 185-1193
    • Finlay, W.H.1    Golshahi, L.2    Noga, M.3    Flores-Mir, C.4
  • 150
    • 84872041306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational fluid dynamics simulation of airflow patterns and particle deposition characteristics in children upper respiratory tracts
    • Liu Z, Li A, Xu X, and Gao R: Computational fluid dynamics simulation of airflow patterns and particle deposition characteristics in children upper respiratory tracts. Eng Appl Comput Fluid Mech. 2012;6:556-571
    • (2012) Eng Appl Comput Fluid Mech , vol.6 , pp. 556-571
    • Liu, Z.1    Li, A.2    Xu, X.3    Gao, R.4
  • 151
    • 84859180342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An idealized child throat that mimics average pediatric oropharyngeal deposition
    • i-iv
    • Golshahi L, and Finlay WH: An idealized child throat that mimics average pediatric oropharyngeal deposition. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2012;46:i-iv.
    • (2012) Aerosol Sci Technol , pp. 46
    • Golshahi, L.1    Finlay, W.H.2
  • 154
    • 0029998521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling techniques for inhaled particle deposition: The state of the art
    • Hofmann W: Modeling techniques for inhaled particle deposition: The state of the art. J Aerosol Med. 1996;9:369-388
    • (1996) J Aerosol Med , vol.9 , pp. 369-388
    • Hofmann, W.1
  • 156
    • 0034883431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for modeling particle deposition as a function of age
    • DOI 10.1016/S0034-5687(01)00270-5, PII S0034568701002705
    • Phalen RF, and Oldham MJ: Methods for modeling particle deposition as a function of age. Respir Physiol. 2001;128: 119-130. (Pubitemid 32771696)
    • (2001) Respiration Physiology , vol.128 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-130
    • Phalen, R.F.1    Oldham, M.J.2
  • 157
    • 79960984396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling inhaled particle deposition in the human lung - A review
    • Hofmann W: Modelling inhaled particle deposition in the human lung - A review. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:693-724
    • (2011) J Aerosol Sci , vol.42 , pp. 693-724
    • Hofmann, W.1
  • 158
    • 84858619954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In silico models of aerosol delivery to the respiratory tract-development and applications
    • Longest PW, and Holbrook LT: In silico models of aerosol delivery to the respiratory tract - development and applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012;64:296-311
    • (2012) Adv Drug Deliv Rev , vol.64 , pp. 296-311
    • Longest, P.W.1    Holbrook, L.T.2
  • 159
    • 85015268084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling deposition of inhaled particles
    • In. LS Ruzer, and NH Harley, (eds) CRC Press Boca Raton, FL
    • Isaacs K, Rosati J, and Martonen T: Modeling deposition of inhaled particles. In: LS Ruzer, and NH Harley, (eds). Aerosols Handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL; pp. 83-128, 2012
    • (2012) Aerosols Handbook , pp. 83-128
    • Isaacs, K.1    Rosati, J.2    Martonen, T.3
  • 160
    • 0013880081 scopus 로고
    • Deposition and retention models for internal dosimetry of the human respiratory tract
    • Bates DV, Fish BR, Hatch TF, Mercer TT, and Morrow PE: Deposition and retention models for internal dosimetry of the human respiratory tract. Health Phys. 1966;12:173-207
    • (1966) Health Phys , vol.12 , pp. 173-207
    • Bates, D.V.1    Fish, B.R.2    Hatch, T.F.3    Mercer, T.T.4    Morrow, P.E.5
  • 161
    • 0016439484 scopus 로고
    • A theory of aerosol deposition in the human respiratory tract
    • Taulbee DB, and Yu CP: A theory of aerosol deposition in the human respiratory tract. J Appl Physiol. 1975;38:77-85
    • (1975) J Appl Physiol , vol.38 , pp. 77-85
    • Taulbee, D.B.1    Yu, C.P.2
  • 162
    • 0019223334 scopus 로고
    • Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition
    • Yeh HC, and Schum GM: Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition. Bull Math Biol. 1980;42:461-480. (Pubitemid 10092310)
    • (1980) Bulletin of Mathematical Biology , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 461-480
    • Yeh, H.C.1    Schum, G.M.2
  • 163
    • 0019939851 scopus 로고
    • Analytical model of hygroscopic particle behavior in human airways
    • Martonen TB: Analytical model of hygroscopic particle behavior in human airways. Bull Math Biol. 1982;44:425- 442
    • (1982) Bull Math Biol , vol.44 , pp. 425-442
    • Martonen, T.B.1
  • 164
    • 0021628275 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical models of particle deposition in the human respiratory tract
    • DOI 10.1016/0021-8502(84)90007-7
    • Heyder J, and Rudolf G: Mathematical models of particle deposition in the human respiratory tract. J Aerosol Sci. 1984;15:697-707. (Pubitemid 15437588)
    • (1984) Journal of Aerosol Science , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 697-707
    • Heyder, J.1    Rudolf, G.2
  • 165
    • 0018636085 scopus 로고
    • Dose calculations for the respiratory tract from inhaled natural radioactive nuclides as a function of age I Compartmental deposition, retention and resulting dose
    • Hofmann W, Steinhausler F, and Pohl E: Dose calculations for the respiratory tract from inhaled natural radioactive nuclides as a function of age. I. Compartmental deposition, retention and resulting dose. Health Phys. 1979;37:517-532
    • (1979) Health Phys , vol.37 , pp. 517-532
    • Hofmann, W.1    Steinhausler, F.2    Pohl, E.3
  • 166
    • 0019985124 scopus 로고
    • Dose calculations for the respiratory tract from inhaled natural radioactive nuclides as a function of age. II. Basal cell dose distributions and associated lung cancer risk
    • Hofmann W: Dose calculations for the respiratory tract from inhaled natural radioactive nuclides as a function of age. II. Basal cell dose distributions and associated lung cancer risk. Health Phys. 1982;43:31-44
    • (1982) Health Phys , vol.43 , pp. 31-44
    • Hofmann, W.1
  • 167
    • 0020036116 scopus 로고
    • Identifying critical human subpopulations by age groups: Radioactivity and the lung
    • Crawford DJ: Identifying critical human subpopulations by age groups: Radioactivity and the lung. Phys Med Biol. 1982;27:539-552
    • (1982) Phys Med Biol , vol.27 , pp. 539-552
    • Crawford, D.J.1
  • 168
    • 0020365288 scopus 로고
    • Modifications of the ICRP task group lung model to reflect age-dependence
    • Crawford DJ, and Eckerman KF: Modifications of the ICRP task group lung model to reflect age-dependence. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 1982;2:209-220. (Pubitemid 13163917)
    • (1982) Radiation Protection Dosimetry , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 209-220
    • Crawford, D.J.1    Eckerman, K.F.2
  • 169
    • 0001737928 scopus 로고
    • Effects of age on deposition of inhaled aerosols in the human lung
    • Xu GB, and Yu CP: Effects of age on deposition of inhaled aerosols in the human lung. Aerosol Sci Technol. 1986;5:349-357
    • (1986) Aerosol Sci Technol , vol.5 , pp. 349-357
    • Xu, G.B.1    Yu, C.P.2
  • 170
    • 0023396628 scopus 로고
    • Predicted deposition of diesel particles in young humans
    • Yu CP, and Xu GB: Predicted deposition of diesel particles in young humans. J Aerosol Sci. 1987;18:419-429
    • (1987) J Aerosol Sci , vol.18 , pp. 419-429
    • Yu, C.P.1    Xu, G.B.2
  • 171
    • 85012487682 scopus 로고
    • Predicted deposition of nonhygroscopic aerosols in the human lung as a function of subject age
    • Hofmann W, Martonen TB, and Graham RC: Predicted deposition of nonhygroscopic aerosols in the human lung as a function of subject age. J Aerosol Med. 1989;2:49-68
    • (1989) J Aerosol Med , vol.2 , pp. 49-68
    • Hofmann, W.1    Martonen, T.B.2    Graham, R.C.3
  • 172
    • 0001382199 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of sulfate acid aerosols in the developing human lung
    • Martonen TB, and Zhang Z: Deposition of sulfate acid aerosols in the developing human lung. Inhal Toxicol. 1993;5:165-187
    • (1993) Inhal Toxicol , vol.5 , pp. 165-187
    • Martonen, T.B.1    Zhang, Z.2
  • 173
    • 85008737194 scopus 로고
    • Tracheobronchial deposition predictions for infants, children and adolescents
    • Phalen RF, Oldham MJ, Kleinman MT, and Crocker TT: Tracheobronchial deposition predictions for infants, children and adolescents. Ann Occup Hyg. 1988;32:11-21
    • (1988) Ann Occup Hyg , vol.32 , pp. 11-21
    • Phalen, R.F.1    Oldham, M.J.2    Kleinman, M.T.3    Crocker, T.T.4
  • 174
    • 0024956850 scopus 로고
    • Human subject age and activity level: Factors addressed in a biomathematical deposition program for extrapolation modeling
    • Martonen TB, Graham RC, and Hofmann W: Human subject age and activity level: Factors addressed in a biomathematical deposition program for extrapolation modeling. Health Phys. 1989;57:49-59. (Pubitemid 20092240)
    • (1989) Health Physics , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 49-59
    • Martonen, T.B.1    Graham, R.C.2    Hofmann, W.3
  • 176
    • 0027443196 scopus 로고
    • Mathematical model for the selective deposition of inhaled pharmaceuticals
    • Martonen TB: Mathematical model for the selective deposition of inhaled pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci. 1993;82: 1191-1199
    • (1993) J Pharm Sci , vol.82 , pp. 1191-1199
    • Martonen, T.B.1
  • 178
    • 0033625847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of particle deposition in the developing human lung
    • Musante CJ, and Martonen TB: Computer simulations of particle deposition in the developing human lung. J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2000;50:1426-1432
    • (2000) J Air Waste Manag Assoc , vol.50 , pp. 1426-1432
    • Musante, C.J.1    Martonen, T.B.2
  • 182
    • 0021814639 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of human lung morphometric data for stochastic aerosol deposition calculations
    • DOI 10.1088/0031-9155/30/6/004
    • Koblinger L, and Hofmann W: Analysis of human lung morphometric data for stochastic aerosol deposition calculations. Phys Med Biol. 1985;30:541-556. (Pubitemid 15041527)
    • (1985) Physics in Medicine and Biology , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 541-556
    • Koblinger, L.1    Hofmann, W.2
  • 183
    • 0025587183 scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo modeling of aerosol deposition in human lungs. Part I: Simulation of particle transport in a stochastic lung structure
    • Koblinger L, and Hofmann W: Monte Carlo modeling of aerosol deposition in human lungs. Part I: Simulation of particle transport in a stochastic lung structure. J Aerosol Sci. 1990;21:661-674
    • (1990) J Aerosol Sci , vol.21 , pp. 661-674
    • Koblinger, L.1    Hofmann, W.2
  • 184
    • 84866868607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical models of carcinogenic particle deposition and clearance in children's lungs
    • Sturm R: Theoretical models of carcinogenic particle deposition and clearance in children's lungs. J Thorac Dis. 2012;4:368-376
    • (2012) J Thorac Dis , vol.4 , pp. 368-376
    • Sturm, R.1
  • 185
    • 48249139478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in predictive understanding of respiratory tract deposition
    • Finlay WH, and Martin AR: Recent advances in predictive understanding of respiratory tract deposition. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2008;21:189-206
    • (2008) J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv , vol.21 , pp. 189-206
    • Finlay, W.H.1    Martin, A.R.2
  • 190
    • 84901718067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On behalf of the european research community on flow turbulence and combustion: Best practice guidelines: Version 1.0
    • Casey M, on behalf of the European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion: Best Practice Guidelines: Version 1.0. ERCOFTAC, Lausanne, Switzerland; 2000
    • (2000) ERCOFTAC Lausanne Switzerland
    • Casey, M.1
  • 191
    • 78650416139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Best practice guidelines for computational fluid dynamics of dispersed multiphase flows
    • Sommerfeld M: Best Practice Guidelines for Computational Fluid Dynamics of Dispersed Multiphase Flows. ERCOFTAC, Brussels, Belgium; 2008
    • (2008) ERCOFTAC Brussels Belgium
    • Sommerfeld, M.1
  • 192
    • 54049158421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling airflow and particle transport/deposition in pulmonary airways
    • Kleinstreuer C, Zhang Z, and Li Z: Modeling airflow and particle transport/deposition in pulmonary airways. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008;163:128-138
    • (2008) Respir Physiol Neurobiol , vol.163 , pp. 128-138
    • Kleinstreuer, C.1    Zhang, Z.2    Li, Z.3
  • 194
    • 84873902067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of computational fluid dynamics in inhaler design
    • Ruzycki CA, Javaheri E, and Finlay WH: The use of computational fluid dynamics in inhaler design. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2013;10:307-323
    • (2013) Expert Opin Drug Deliv , vol.10 , pp. 307-323
    • Ruzycki, C.A.1    Javaheri, E.2    Finlay, W.H.3
  • 195
    • 0034587294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical model of airflow in the lungs of children
    • Segal RA, Guan X, Shearer M, and Martonen TB: Mathematical model of airflow in the lungs of children. I: Effects of tumor sizes and locations. J Theor Med. 2000; 2:199-213
    • (2000) J Theor Med , vol.2 I , pp. 199-213
    • Segal, R.A.1    Guan, X.2    Shearer, M.3    Martonen, T.B.4
  • 196
    • 0034582620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mathematical model of airflow in the lungs of children II: Effects of ventilatory parameters
    • Guan X, Segal RA, Shearer M, and Martonen TB: Mathematical model of airflow in the lungs of children. II: Effects of ventilatory parameters. J Theor Med. 2000;3:51-62. (Pubitemid 34498511)
    • (2000) Journal of Theoretical Medicine , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-62
    • Guan, X.1    Segal, R.A.2    Shearer, M.3    Martonen, T.B.4
  • 198
    • 33745227332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport and deposition of respiratory aerosols in models of childhood asthma
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2006.01.011, PII S0021850206000231
    • Longest PW, Vinchurkar S, and Martonen T: Transport and deposition of respiratory aerosols in models of childhood asthma. J Aerosol Sci. 2006;37:1234-1257. (Pubitemid 44468215)
    • (2006) Journal of Aerosol Science , vol.37 , Issue.10 , pp. 1234-1257
    • Longest, P.W.1    Vinchurkar, S.2    Martonen, T.3
  • 199
    • 61349171849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inertial deposition of aerosols in bifurcating models during steady expiratory flow
    • Longest PW, and Vinchurkar S: Inertial deposition of aerosols in bifurcating models during steady expiratory flow. J Aerosol Sci. 2009;40:370-378
    • (2009) J Aerosol Sci , vol.40 , pp. 370-378
    • Longest, P.W.1    Vinchurkar, S.2
  • 200
    • 85012550361 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of inhaled particles in bifurcating airway models: II. Expiratory deposition
    • Kim CS, Iglesias AJ, and Garcia L: Deposition of inhaled particles in bifurcating airway models: II. Expiratory deposition. J Aerosol Med. 1989;2:15-27
    • (1989) J Aerosol Med , vol.2 , pp. 15-27
    • Kim, C.S.1    Iglesias, A.J.2    Garcia, L.3
  • 201
    • 0027656589 scopus 로고
    • Particle deposition in airway bifurcations - ii expiratory flow
    • DOI 10.1016/0021-8502(93)90045-B
    • Balásházy I, and Hofmann W: Particle deposition in airway bifurcations: II. Expiratory flow. J Aerosol Sci. 1993;24:773- 786. (Pubitemid 23707079)
    • (1993) Journal of Aerosol Science , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 773-786
    • Balashazy, Imre.1    Hofmann Werner2
  • 203
    • 84871946816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic growth and deposition of hygroscopic aerosols in the nasal airway of a 5-year-old child
    • Kim JW, Xi J, and Si XA: Dynamic growth and deposition of hygroscopic aerosols in the nasal airway of a 5-year-old child. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2013;29:17-39
    • (2013) Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng , vol.29 , pp. 17-39
    • Kim, J.W.1    Xi, J.2    Si, X.A.3
  • 206
    • 79951553962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of respiratory drug delivery with enhanced condensational growth using an individual path model of the entire tracheobronchial airways
    • Tian G, Longest PW, Su G, andHindleM: Characterization of respiratory drug delivery with enhanced condensational growth using an individual path model of the entire tracheobronchial airways. Ann Biomed Eng. 2011;39:1136-1153
    • (2011) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.39 , pp. 1136-1153
    • Tian, G.1    Longest, P.W.2    Su, G.3    Hindle, M.4
  • 207
    • 80051622991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a stochastic individual path (SIP) model for predicting the tracheobronchial deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols: Effects of transient inhalation and sampling the airways
    • Tian G, Longest PW, Su G, Walenga RL, and Hindle M: Development of a stochastic individual path (SIP) model for predicting the tracheobronchial deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols: Effects of transient inhalation and sampling the airways. J Aerosol Sci. 2011;42:781-799
    • (2011) J Aerosol Sci , vol.42 , pp. 781-799
    • Tian, G.1    Longest, P.W.2    Su, G.3    Walenga, R.L.4    Hindle, M.5
  • 208
    • 84862649849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing MDI and DPI aerosol deposition using in vitro experiments and a new stochastic individual path (SIP) model of the conducting airways
    • Longest PW, Tian G, Walenga RL, and Hindle M: Comparing MDI and DPI aerosol deposition using in vitro experiments and a new stochastic individual path (SIP) model of the conducting airways. Pharm Res. 2012;29:1670-1688
    • (2012) Pharm Res , vol.29 , pp. 1670-1688
    • Longest, P.W.1    Tian, G.2    Walenga, R.L.3    Hindle, M.4
  • 209
    • 84866423574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a stochastic individual path (SIP) model for predicting the deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols: Effects of turbulence, polydisperse aerosol size, and evaluation of multiple lung lobes
    • Longest PW, Tian G, Delvadia R, and Hindle M: Development of a stochastic individual path (SIP) model for predicting the deposition of pharmaceutical aerosols: Effects of turbulence, polydisperse aerosol size, and evaluation of multiple lung lobes. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2012;46:1271-1285.
    • (2012) Aerosol Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 1271-1285
    • Longest, P.W.1    Tian, G.2    Delvadia, R.3    Hindle, M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.