Sterols regulate 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24-reductase (DHCR24) via dual sterol regulatory elements: Cooperative induction of key enzymes in lipid synthesis by Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

Volumn 1821, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1350-1360

  Zerenturk, Eser J ^a   Sharpe, Laura J ^a   Brown, Andrew J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

DHCR24; Regulation; Seladin 1; SRE; SREBP; Transcription

Indexed keywords

3BETA HYDROXYSTEROL DELTA24 REDUCTASE; FARNESYL DIPHOSPHATE; LIVER X RECEPTOR; MESSENGER RNA; STEROL; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BINDING SITE; CELL LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME INDUCTION; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; LIPOGENESIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

ANIMALS; BASE SEQUENCE; BINDING SITES; CCAAT-BINDING FACTOR; CHO CELLS; CRICETINAE; CRICETULUS; FARNESYL-DIPHOSPHATE FARNESYLTRANSFERASE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, ENZYMOLOGIC; LIPIDS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NERVE TISSUE PROTEINS; ORPHAN NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; OXIDOREDUCTASES ACTING ON CH-CH GROUP DONORS; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; RECEPTORS, LDL; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2; STEROLS;

EID: 84864522297     PISSN: 13881981     EISSN: 18792618     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.07.006     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. H.R. Waterham, J. Koster, G.J. Romeijn, R.C. Hennekam, P. Vreken, H.C. Andersson, D.R. FitzPatrick, R.I. Kelley, and R.J. Wanders Mutations in the 3beta-hydroxysterol Delta24-reductase gene cause desmosterolosis, an autosomal recessive disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis Am. J. Hum. Genet. 69 2001 685 694 (Pubitemid 32868514)
2. H.C. Andersson, L. Kratz, and R. Kelley Desmosterolosis presenting with multiple congenital anomalies and profound developmental delay Am. J. Med. Genet. 113 2002 315 319 (Pubitemid 35416606)
3. D.R. FitzPatrick, J.W. Keeling, M.J. Evans, A.E. Kan, J.E. Bell, M.E. Porteous, K. Mills, R.M. Winter, and P.T. Clayton Clinical phenotype of desmosterolosis Am. J. Med. Genet. 75 1998 145 152 (Pubitemid 28034490)
4. A. Crameri, E. Biondi, K. Kuehnle, D. Lutjohann, K.M. Thelen, S. Perga, C.G. Dotti, R.M. Nitsch, M.D. Ledesma, and M.H. Mohajeri The role of seladin-1/DHCR24 in cholesterol biosynthesis, APP processing and Abeta generation in vivo EMBO J. 25 2006 432 443 (Pubitemid 43152863)
5. S. Vainio, M. Jansen, M. Koivusalo, T. Rog, M. Karttunen, I. Vattulainen, and E. Ikonen Significance of sterol structural specificity. Desmosterol cannot replace cholesterol in lipid rafts J. Biol. Chem. 281 2006 348 355 (Pubitemid 43671195)
6. K. Simons, and D. Toomre Lipid rafts and signal transduction Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 1 2000 31 39
7. I. Greeve, I. Hermans-Borgmeyer, C. Brellinger, D. Kasper, T. Gomez-Isla, C. Behl, B. Levkau, and R.M. Nitsch The human DIMINUTO/DWARF1 homolog seladin-1 confers resistance to Alzheimer's disease-associated neurodegeneration and oxidative stress J. Neurosci. 20 2000 7345 7352
8. L.J. Sharpe, J. Wong, B. Garner, G.M. Halliday, and A.J. Brown Is seladin-1 really a selective Alzheimer's disease indicator? J. Alzheimers Dis. 30 2012 35 39
9. A. Peri, and M. Serio Neuroprotective effects of the Alzheimer's disease-related gene seladin-1 J. Mol. Endocrinol. 41 2008 251 261
10. K. Kuehnle, A. Crameri, R.E. Kalin, P. Luciani, S. Benvenuti, A. Peri, F. Ratti, M. Rodolfo, L. Kulic, F.L. Heppner, R.M. Nitsch, and M.H. Mohajeri Prosurvival effect of DHCR24/Seladin-1 in acute and chronic responses to oxidative stress Mol. Cell. Biol. 28 2008 539 550
11. C. Wu, I. Miloslavskaya, S. Demontis, R. Maestro, and K. Galaktionov Regulation of cellular response to oncogenic and oxidative stress by Seladin-1 Nature 432 2004 640 645 (Pubitemid 39626272)
12. X. Lu, F. Kambe, X. Cao, Y. Kozaki, T. Kaji, T. Ishii, and H. Seo 3beta-Hydroxysteroid-delta24 reductase is a hydrogen peroxide scavenger, protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis Endocrinology 149 2008 3267 3273 (Pubitemid 351919585)
13. K.C. McGrath, X.H. Li, R. Puranik, E.C. Liong, J.T. Tan, V.M. Dy, B.A. DiBartolo, P.J. Barter, K.A. Rye, and A.K. Heather Role of 3beta-hydroxysteroid- delta 24 reductase in mediating antiinflammatory effects of high-density lipoproteins in endothelial cells Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 29 2009 877 882
14. M. Satoh, M. Saito, T. Takano, Y. Kasama, T. Nishimura, Y. Nishito, Y. Hirata, M. Arai, M. Sudoh, C. Kai, M. Kohara, and K. Tsukiyama-Kohara Monoclonal antibody 2-152a suppresses hepatitis C virus infection through betaine/GABA transporter-1 J. Infect. Dis. 204 2011 1172 1180
15. T. Nishimura, M. Kohara, K. Izumi, Y. Kasama, Y. Hirata, Y. Huang, M. Shuda, C. Mukaidani, T. Takano, Y. Tokunaga, H. Nuriya, M. Satoh, M. Saito, C. Kai, and K. Tsukiyama-Kohara Hepatitis C virus impairs p53 via persistent overexpression of 3beta-hydroxysterol Delta24-reductase J. Biol. Chem. 284 2009 36442 36452
16. P.J. Hendriksen, N.F. Dits, K. Kokame, A. Veldhoven, W.M. van Weerden, C.H. Bangma, J. Trapman, and G. Jenster Evolution of the androgen receptor pathway during progression of prostate cancer Cancer Res. 66 2006 5012 5020 (Pubitemid 43844921)
17. P. Luciani, C. Deledda, F. Rosati, S. Benvenuti, I. Cellai, F. Dichiara, M. Morello, G.B. Vannelli, G. Danza, M. Serio, and A. Peri Seladin-1 is a fundamental mediator of the neuroprotective effects of estrogen in human neuroblast long-term cell cultures Endocrinology 149 2008 4256 4266
18. S. Benvenuti, P. Luciani, G.B. Vannelli, S. Gelmini, E. Franceschi, M. Serio, and A. Peri Estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators exert neuroprotective effects and stimulate the expression of selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1, a recently discovered antiapoptotic gene, in human neuroblast long-term cell cultures J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90 2005 1775 1782 (Pubitemid 40464051)
19. L. Bonaccorsi, P. Luciani, G. Nesi, E. Mannucci, C. Deledda, F. Dichiara, M. Paglierani, F. Rosati, L. Masieri, S. Serni, M. Carini, L. Proietti-Pannunzi, S. Monti, G. Forti, G. Danza, M. Serio, and A. Peri Androgen receptor regulation of the seladin-1/DHCR24 gene: altered expression in prostate cancer Lab. Invest. 88 2008 1049 1056
20. P.S. Nelson, N. Clegg, H. Arnold, C. Ferguson, M. Bonham, J. White, L. Hood, and B. Lin The program of androgen-responsive genes in neoplastic prostate epithelium Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 2002 11890 11895 (Pubitemid 34994494)
21. J. Drzewinska, A. Walczak-Drzewiecka, and M. Ratajewski Identification and analysis of the promoter region of the human DHCR24 gene: involvement of DNA methylation and histone acetylation Mol. Biol. Rep. 38 2011 1091 1101
22. K. Yoshinari, H. Ohno, S. Benoki, and Y. Yamazoe Constitutive androstane receptor transactivates the hepatic expression of mouse Dhcr24 and human DHCR24 encoding a cholesterogenic enzyme 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase Toxicol. Lett. 208 2012 185 191
23. J.B. Demoulin, J. Ericsson, A. Kallin, C. Rorsman, L. Ronnstrand, and C.H. Heldin Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates membrane lipid synthesis through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 35392 35402 (Pubitemid 39100539)
24. J.D. Horton, N.A. Shah, J.A. Warrington, N.N. Anderson, S.W. Park, M.S. Brown, and J.L. Goldstein Combined analysis of oligonucleotide microarray data from transgenic and knockout mice identifies direct SREBP target genes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100 2003 12027 12032 (Pubitemid 37271509)
25. A. Kallin, L.E. Johannessen, P.D. Cani, C.Y. Marbehant, A. Essaghir, F. Foufelle, P. Ferre, C.H. Heldin, N.M. Delzenne, and J.B. Demoulin SREBP-1 regulates the expression of heme oxygenase 1 and the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase regulatory subunit p55 gamma J. Lipid Res. 48 2007 1628 1636 (Pubitemid 47312024)
26. J.L. Goldstein, R.A. DeBose-Boyd, and M.S. Brown Protein sensors for membrane sterols Cell 124 2006 35 46
27. J.D. Horton, J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown SREBPs: activators of the complete program of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis in the liver J. Clin. Invest. 109 2002 1125 1131 (Pubitemid 34496588)
28. S.M. Vallett, H.B. Sanchez, J.M. Rosenfeld, and T.F. Osborne A direct role for sterol regulatory element binding protein in activation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase gene J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 12247 12253 (Pubitemid 26160886)
29. M.R. Briggs, C. Yokoyama, X. Wang, M.S. Brown, and J.L. Goldstein Nuclear protein that binds sterol regulatory element of low density lipoprotein receptor promoter. I. Identification of the protein and delineation of its target nucleotide sequence J. Biol. Chem. 268 1993 14490 14496 (Pubitemid 23195580)
30. A. Parraga, L. Bellsolell, A.R. Ferre-D'Amare, and S.K. Burley Co-crystal structure of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1a at 2.3 A resolution Structure 6 1998 661 672 (Pubitemid 28258118)
31. M.K. Bennett, and T.F. Osborne Nutrient regulation of gene expression by the sterol regulatory element binding proteins: increased recruitment of gene-specific coregulatory factors and selective hyperacetylation of histone H3 in vivo Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 97 2000 6340 6344 (Pubitemid 30412715)
32. M. Amemiya-Kudo, H. Shimano, A.H. Hasty, N. Yahagi, T. Yoshikawa, T. Matsuzaka, H. Okazaki, Y. Tamura, Y. Iizuka, K. Ohashi, J. Osuga, K. Harada, T. Gotoda, R. Sato, S. Kimura, S. Ishibashi, and N. Yamada Transcriptional activities of nuclear SREBP-1a, -1c, and -2 to different target promoters of lipogenic and cholesterogenic genes J. Lipid Res. 43 2002 1220 1235 (Pubitemid 34988170)
33. M.C. Ramos, S. Sierra, C. Ramirez, J. Velasco, and J.S. Burgos Simvastatin modulates the Alzheimer's disease-related gene seladin-1 J. Alzheimers Dis. 28 2012 297 301
34. Y. Wang, P.M. Rogers, K.R. Stayrook, C. Su, G. Varga, Q. Shen, S. Nagpal, and T.P. Burris The selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1 gene (Seladin-1/DHCR24) is a Liver X Receptor target gene Mol. Pharmacol. 74 2008 1716 1721
35. L.F. Michael, J.M. Schkeryantz, and T.P. Burris The pharmacology of LXR Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 5 2005 729 740 (Pubitemid 41051896)
36. F.F. Wiebel, K.R. Steffensen, E. Treuter, D. Feltkamp, and J.A. Gustafsson Ligand-independent coregulator recruitment by the triply activatable OR1/retinoid X receptor-alpha nuclear receptor heterodimer Mol. Endocrinol. 13 1999 1105 1118 (Pubitemid 30644299)
37. N. Zelcer, N. Khanlou, R. Clare, Q. Jiang, E.G. Reed-Geaghan, G.E. Landreth, H.V. Vinters, and P. Tontonoz Attenuation of neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology by liver x receptors Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104 2007 10601 10606 (Pubitemid 47185711)
38. J.L. Goldstein, S.K. Basu, and M.S. Brown Receptor-mediated endocytosis of low-density lipoprotein in cultured cells Methods Enzymol. 98 1983 241 260 (Pubitemid 14219888)
39. J.R. Krycer, I. Kristiana, and A.J. Brown Cholesterol homeostasis in two commonly used human prostate cancer cell-lines, LNCaP and PC-3 PLoS One 4 2009 e8496
40. H.E. Klock, and S.A. Lesley The Polymerase Incomplete Primer Extension (PIPE) method applied to high-throughput cloning and site-directed mutagenesis Methods Mol. Biol. 498 2009 91 103
41. W.C. Tseng, J.W. Lin, T.Y. Wei, and T.Y. Fang A novel megaprimed and ligase-free, PCR-based, site-directed mutagenesis method Anal. Biochem. 375 2008 376 378
42. L. Zeng, H. Liao, Y. Liu, T.S. Lee, M. Zhu, X. Wang, M.B. Stemerman, Y. Zhu, and J.Y. Shyy Sterol-responsive element-binding protein (SREBP) 2 down-regulates ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in vascular endothelial cells: a novel role of SREBP in regulating cholesterol metabolism J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 48801 48807 (Pubitemid 39625759)
43. T. Grand-Perret, A. Bouillot, A. Perrot, S. Commans, M. Walker, and M. Issandou SCAP ligands are potent new lipid-lowering drugs Nat. Med. 7 2001 1332 1338 (Pubitemid 34007938)
44. J. Inoue, R. Sato, and M. Maeda Multiple DNA elements for sterol regulatory element-binding protein and NF-Y are responsible for sterol-regulated transcription of the genes for human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase and squalene synthase J. Biochem. 123 1998 1191 1198 (Pubitemid 28306004)
45. J.R. Krycer, and A.J. Brown Cross-talk between the androgen receptor and the liver X receptor: implications for cholesterol homeostasis J. Biol. Chem. 286 2011 20637 20647
46. P. Costet, Y. Luo, N. Wang, and A.R. Tall Sterol-dependent transactivation of the ABC1 promoter by the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 28240 28245
47. S.L. Sabol, H.B. Brewer Jr., and S. Santamarina-Fojo The human ABCG1 gene: identification of LXR response elements that modulate expression in macrophages and liver J. Lipid Res. 46 2005 2151 2167 (Pubitemid 41377467)
48. H. Shimano, J.D. Horton, I. Shimomura, R.E. Hammer, M.S. Brown, and J.L. Goldstein Isoform 1c of sterol regulatory element binding protein is less active than isoform 1a in livers of transgenic mice and in cultured cells J. Clin. Invest. 99 1997 846 854 (Pubitemid 27123620)
49. J.M. Lopez, M.K. Bennett, H.B. Sanchez, J.M. Rosenfeld, and T.F. Osborne Sterol regulation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase: a mechanism for coordinate control of cellular lipid Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93 1996 1049 1053 (Pubitemid 26054367)
50. S.B. Joseph, B.A. Laffitte, P.H. Patel, M.A. Watson, K.E. Matsukuma, R. Walczak, J.L. Collins, T.F. Osborne, and P. Tontonoz Direct and indirect mechanisms for regulation of fatty acid synthase gene expression by liver X receptors J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 11019 11025 (Pubitemid 34952859)
51. G. Liang, J. Yang, J.D. Horton, R.E. Hammer, J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown Diminished hepatic response to fasting/refeeding and liver X receptor agonists in mice with selective deficiency of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 9520 9528 (Pubitemid 34953041)
52. S. Talukdar, and F.B. Hillgartner The mechanism mediating the activation of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-alpha gene transcription by the liver X receptor agonist T0-901317 J. Lipid Res. 47 2006 2451 2461 (Pubitemid 44936107)
53. J.M. Lehmann, S.A. Kliewer, L.B. Moore, T.A. Smith-Oliver, B.B. Oliver, J.L. Su, S.S. Sundseth, D.A. Winegar, D.E. Blanchard, T.A. Spencer, and T.M. Willson Activation of the nuclear receptor LXR by oxysterols defines a new hormone response pathway J. Biol. Chem. 272 1997 3137 3140 (Pubitemid 27066798)
54. C.M. Adams, J. Reitz, J.K. De Brabander, J.D. Feramisco, L. Li, M.S. Brown, and J.L. Goldstein Cholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibit activation of SREBPs by different mechanisms, both involving SCAP and Insigs J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 52772 52780 (Pubitemid 39656653)
55. B.A. Janowski, B. Shan, and D.W. Russell The hypocholesterolemic agent LY295427 reverses suppression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein processing mediated by oxysterols J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 45408 45416
56. J.R. Schultz, H. Tu, A. Luk, J.J. Repa, J.C. Medina, L. Li, S. Schwendner, S. Wang, M. Thoolen, D.J. Mangelsdorf, K.D. Lustig, and B. Shan Role of LXRs in control of lipogenesis Genes Dev. 14 2000 2831 2838
57. J.E. Metherall, J.L. Goldstein, K.L. Luskey, and M.S. Brown Loss of transcriptional repression of three sterol-regulated genes in mutant hamster cells J. Biol. Chem. 264 1989 15634 15641
58. R.B. Rawson, R. DeBose-Boyd, J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown Failure to cleave sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) causes cholesterol auxotrophy in Chinese hamster ovary cells with genetic absence of SREBP cleavage-activating protein J. Biol. Chem. 274 1999 28549 28556
59. J. Wong, C.M. Quinn, and A.J. Brown SREBP-2 positively regulates transcription of the cholesterol efflux gene, ABCA1 by generating oxysterol ligands for LXR Biochem. J. 400 2006 485 491 (Pubitemid 44974460)
60. K. Cartharius, K. Frech, K. Grote, B. Klocke, M. Haltmeier, A. Klingenhoff, M. Frisch, M. Bayerlein, and T. Werner MatInspector and beyond: promoter analysis based on transcription factor binding sites Bioinformatics 21 2005 2933 2942 (Pubitemid 40916416)
61. F. Zhao, Z. Xuan, L. Liu, and M.Q. Zhang TRED: a transcriptional regulatory element database and a platform for in silico gene regulation studies Nucleic Acids Res. 33 2005 D103 D107
62. M. Saito, M. Kohara, and K. Tsukiyama-Kohara Hepatitis C virus promotes expression of the 3β-hydroxysterol δ24-reductase through Sp1 J. Med. Virol. 84 2012 733 746
63. Y.K. Seo, T.I. Jeon, H.K. Chong, J. Biesinger, X. Xie, and T.F. Osborne Genome-wide localization of SREBP-2 in hepatic chromatin predicts a role in autophagy Cell Metab. 13 2011 367 375
64. Y.K. Seo, H.K. Chong, A.M. Infante, S.S. Im, X. Xie, and T.F. Osborne Genome-wide analysis of SREBP-1 binding in mouse liver chromatin reveals a preference for promoter proximal binding to a new motif Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 106 2009 13765 13769
65. H. Shimano Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs): transcriptional regulators of lipid synthetic genes Prog. Lipid Res. 40 2001 439 452 (Pubitemid 32929966)
66. G. Guan, P.H. Dai, T.F. Osborne, J.B. Kim, and I. Shechter Multiple sequence elements are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the human squalene synthase gene J. Biol. Chem. 272 1997 10295 10302 (Pubitemid 27171712)
67. Y. Ikeda, J. Yamamoto, M. Okamura, T. Fujino, S. Takahashi, K. Takeuchi, T.F. Osborne, T.T. Yamamoto, S. Ito, and J. Sakai Transcriptional regulation of the murine acetyl-CoA synthetase 1 gene through multiple clustered binding sites for sterol regulatory element-binding proteins and a single neighboring site for Sp1 J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 34259 34269
68. K. Ishimoto, K. Tachibana, I. Hanano, D. Yamasaki, H. Nakamura, M. Kawai, Y. Urano, T. Tanaka, T. Hamakubo, J. Sakai, T. Kodama, and T. Doi Sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 2 and nuclear factor Y control human farnesyl diphosphate synthase expression and affect cell proliferation in hepatoblastoma cells Biochem. J. 429 2010 347 357
69. J.H. Kim, J.N. Lee, and Y.K. Paik Cholesterol biosynthesis from lanosterol. A concerted role for Sp1 and NF-Y-binding sites for sterol-mediated regulation of rat 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene expression J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 18153 18160
70. M. Nagai, J. Sakakibara, Y. Nakamura, F. Gejyo, and T. Ono SREBP-2 and NF-Y are involved in the transcriptional regulation of squalene epoxidase Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 295 2002 74 80 (Pubitemid 34743777)
71. T. Ohnesorg, and J. Adamski Promoter analyses of human and mouse 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 94 2005 259 261 (Pubitemid 40614539)
72. G. Schiavoni, A.M. Bennati, M. Castelli, M.A. Fazia, T. Beccari, G. Servillo, and R. Roberti Activation of TM7SF2 promoter by SREBP-2 depends on a new sterol regulatory element, a GC-box, and an inverted CCAAT-box Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1801 2010 587 592
73. M.M. Magana, S.S. Lin, K.A. Dooley, and T.F. Osborne Sterol regulation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase promoter requires two interdependent binding sites for sterol regulatory element binding proteins J. Lipid Res. 38 1997 1630 1638 (Pubitemid 27427660)
74. G. Moyle-Heyrman, H.S. Tims, and J. Widom Structural constraints in collaborative competition of transcription factors against the nucleosome J. Mol. Biol. 412 2011 634 646
75. Z. Zhu, J. Shendure, and G.M. Church Discovering functional transcription-factor combinations in the human cell cycle Genome Res. 15 2005 848 855 (Pubitemid 41003106)
76. T. Takano, K. Tsukiyama-Kohara, M. Hayashi, Y. Hirata, M. Satoh, Y. Tokunaga, C. Tateno, Y. Hayashi, T. Hishima, N. Funata, M. Sudoh, and M. Kohara Augmentation of DHCR24 expression by hepatitis C virus infection facilitates viral replication in hepatocytes J. Hepatol. 55 2011 512 521
77. C.-Y. Park, H.-J. Jun, T. Wakita, J.H. Cheong, and S.B. Hwang Hepatitis C virus nonstructural 4B protein modulates sterol regulatory element-binding protein signaling via the AKT pathway J. Biol. Chem. 284 2009 9237 9246
78. G.E. Crooks, G. Hon, J.M. Chandonia, and S.E. Brenner WebLogo: a sequence logo generator Genome Res. 14 2004 1188 1190 (Pubitemid 38811555)
79. N. Iwamoto, S. Abe-Dohmae, R. Sato, and S. Yokoyama ABCA7 expression is regulated by cellular cholesterol through the SREBP2 pathway and associated with phagocytosis J. Lipid Res. 47 2006 1915 1927 (Pubitemid 44401979)
80. R. Sato, A. Okamoto, J. Inoue, W. Miyamoto, Y. Sakai, N. Emoto, H. Shimano, and M. Maeda Transcriptional regulation of the ATP citrate-lyase gene by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 12497 12502 (Pubitemid 30241393)
81. H.Y. Kan, P. Pissios, J. Chambaz, and V.I. Zannis DNA binding specificity and transactivation properties of SREBP-2 bound to multiple sites on the human apoA-II promoter Nucleic Acids Res. 27 1999 1104 1117 (Pubitemid 29209515)
82. D. Rozman, M. Fink, G.M. Fimia, P. Sassone-Corsi, and M.R. Waterman Cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate(cAMP)/cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM)-dependent regulation of cholesterogenic lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51) in spermatids Mol. Endocrinol. 13 1999 1951 1962 (Pubitemid 30645267)
83. J.R. Smith, T.F. Osborne, J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown Identification of nucleotides responsible for enhancer activity of sterol regulatory element in low density lipoprotein receptor gene J. Biol. Chem. 265 1990 2306 2310
84. V. Llorente-Cortes, P. Costales, J. Bernues, S. Camino-Lopez, and L. Badimon Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 negatively regulates low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein transcription J. Mol. Biol. 359 2006 950 960 (Pubitemid 43831923)
85. W.A. Alrefai, F. Annaba, Z. Sarwar, A. Dwivedi, S. Saksena, A. Singla, P.K. Dudeja, and R.K. Gill Modulation of human Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 gene expression by sterol: role of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 292 2007 G369 G376
86. H.J. Jeong, H.S. Lee, K.S. Kim, Y.K. Kim, D. Yoon, and S.W. Park Sterol-dependent regulation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 expression by sterol-regulatory element binding protein-2 J. Lipid Res. 49 2008 399 409 (Pubitemid 351213625)
87. M. Chen, L.M. Chen, and K.X. Chai Mechanisms of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) regulation of human prostasin gene expression Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 346 2006 1245 1253 (Pubitemid 43946826)
88. L.H. Smith, M.S. Petrie, J.D. Morrow, J.A. Oates, and D.E. Vaughan The sterol response element binding protein regulates cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in endothelial cells J. Lipid Res. 46 2005 862 871
89. R. Sato, J. Inoue, Y. Kawabe, T. Kodama, T. Takano, and M. Maeda Sterol-dependent transcriptional regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 26461 26464 (Pubitemid 26359040)
90. R.E. Soccio, R.M. Adams, K.N. Maxwell, and J.L. Breslow Differential gene regulation of StarD4 and StarD5 cholesterol transfer proteins. Activation of StarD4 by sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and StarD5 by endoplasmic reticulum stress J. Biol. Chem. 280 2005 19410 19418 (Pubitemid 41379649)