Nongenomic mechanisms of PTEN regulation

International Journal of Cell Biology

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages

  Fata, Jimmie E ^a,b   Debnath, Shawon ^a,b   Jenkins, Edmund C ^a,c   Fournier, Marcia V ^c  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^b CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA CATENIN; MICRORNA; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; UBIQUITIN PROTEIN LIGASE NEDD4; UVOMORULIN; VINCULIN; X LINKED INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS;

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDER; BLADDER CANCER; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CELL; CANCER RISK; CELL STRAIN MCF 7; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMPLEX FORMATION; ENDOMETRIUM CANCER; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; EPIGENETICS; FAMILIAL CANCER; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE MUTATION; HAMARTOMA; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REVIEW; STOMACH CANCER; THYROID CANCER; TISSUE SPECIFICITY; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; UBIQUITINATION;

EID: 84859755905     PISSN: 16878876     EISSN: 16878884     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/379685     Document Type: Review

References (126)

1. Li J., Yen C., Liaw D., Podsypanina K., Bose S., Wang S. I., Puc J., Miliaresis C., Rodgers L., McCombie R., Bigner S. H., Giovanella B. C., Ittmann M., Tycko B., Hibshoosh H., Wigler M. H., Parsons R., PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancer Science 1997 275 5308 1943 1947 (Pubitemid 27148818)
2. Steck P. A., Pershouse M. A., Jasser S. A., Yung W. K. A., Lin H., Ligon A. H., Langford L. A., Baumgard M. L., Hattier T., Davis T., Frye C., Hu R., Swedlund B., Teng D. H. F., Tavtigian S. V., Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers Nature Genetics 1997 15 4 356 362 (Pubitemid 27147102)
3. Li D. M., Sun H., TEP1, encoded by a candidate tumor suppressor locus, is a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase regulated by transforming growth factor Cancer Research 1997 57 11 2124 2129 (Pubitemid 27247025)
4. Leevers S. J., Vanhaesebroeck B., Waterfield M. D., Signalling through phosphoinositide 3-kinases: the lipids take centre stage Current Opinion in Cell Biology 1999 11 2 219 225 (Pubitemid 29164037)
5. Maehama T., Dixon J. E., The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate Journal of Biological Chemistry 1998 273 22 13375 13378 (Pubitemid 28268370)
6. Dahia P. L. M., PTEN, a unique tumor suppressor gene Endocrine-Related Cancer 2000 7 2 115 129 (Pubitemid 30609989)
7. Hlobilkov A., Knillov J., Brtek J., Luks J., Kolr Z., The mechanism of action of the tumour suppressor gene PTEN Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palack, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia 2003 147 1 19 25
8. Zhang S., Yu D., PI(3)king apart PTEN's role in cancer Clinical Cancer Research 2010 16 17 4325 4330
9. Stambolic V., Suzuki A., De la Pompa J. L., Brothers G. M., Mirtsos C., Sasaki T., Ruland J., Penninger J. M., Siderovski D. P., Mak T. W., Negative regulation of PKB/Akt-dependent cell survival by the tumor suppressor PTEN Cell 1998 95 1 29 39 (Pubitemid 28458022)
10. Sun H., Lesche R., Li D. M., Liliental J., Gao J., Gavrilova N., Mueller B., Liu X., Wu H., PTEN modulates cell cycle progression and cell survival by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5,-trisphosphate and Akt/protein kinase B signaling pathway Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999 96 11 6199 6204 (Pubitemid 29256643)
11. Blanco-Aparicio C., Renner O., Leal J. F. M., Carnero A., PTEN, more than the AKT pathway Carcinogenesis 2007 28 7 1379 1386 (Pubitemid 47243536)
12. Georgescu M. M., Kirsch K. H., Kaloudis P., Yang H., Pavletich N. P., Hanafusa H., Stabilization and productive positioning roles of the C2 domain of PTEN tumor suppressor Cancer Research 2000 60 24 7033 7038 (Pubitemid 32059181)
13. Gildea J. J., Herlevsen M., Harding M. A., Gulding K. M., Moskaluk C. A., Frierson H. F., Theodorescu D., PTEN can inhibit in vitro organotypic and in vivo orthotopic invasion of human bladder cancer cells even in the absence of its lipid phosphatase activity Oncogene 2004 23 40 6788 6797 (Pubitemid 39280010)
14. Koul D., Jasser S. A., Lu Y., Davies M. A., Shen R., Shi Y., Mills G. B., Yung W. K. A., Motif analysis of the tumor suppressor gene MMAC/PTEN identifies tyrosines critical for tumor suppression and lipid phosphatase activity Oncogene 2002 21 15 2357 2364 (Pubitemid 34407295)
15. Maier D., Jones G., Li X., Schnthal A. H., Gratzl O., Van Meir E. G., Merlo A., The PTEN lipid phosphatase domain is not required to inhibit invasion of glioma cells Cancer Research 1999 59 21 5479 5482 (Pubitemid 29526461)
16. Sulis M. L., Parsons R., PTEN: from pathology to biology Trends in Cell Biology 2003 13 9 478 483 (Pubitemid 37289398)
17. Weng L. P., Brown J. L., Eng C., PTEN induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through phosphoinositol-3-kinase/Akt-dependent and -independent pathways Human Molecular Genetics 2001 10 3 237 242 (Pubitemid 32123982)
18. Radu A., Neubauer V., Akagi T., Hanafusa H., Georgescu M. M., PTEN induces cell cycle arrest by decreasing the level and nuclear localization of cyclin D1 Molecular and Cellular Biology 2003 23 17 6139 6149 (Pubitemid 37013092)
19. Furnari F. B., Su Huang H. J., Cavenee W. K., The phosphoinositol phosphatase activity of PTEN mediates a serum- sensitive G1 growth arrest in glioma cells Cancer Research 1998 58 22 5002 5008 (Pubitemid 28521148)
20. Tamura M., Gu J., Matsumoto K., Aota S. I., Parsons R., Yamada K. M., Inhibition of cell migration, spreading, and focal adhesions by tumor suppressor PTEN Science 1998 280 5369 1614 1617 (Pubitemid 28277707)
21. Tamura M., Gu J., Danen E. H. J., Takino T., Miyamoto S., Yamada K. M., PTEN interactions with focal adhesion kinase and suppression of the extracellular matrix-dependent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999 274 29 20693 20703
22. Tamura M., Gu J., Takino T., Yamada K. M., Tumor suppressor PTEN inhibition of cell invasion, migration, and growth: differential involvement of focal adhesion kinase and p130(Cas) Cancer Research 1999 59 2 442 449 (Pubitemid 29048881)
23. Tamura M., Gu J., Tran H., Yamada K. M., PTEN gene and integrin signaling in cancer Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1999 91 21 1820 1828
24. Hobert J. A., Eng C., PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome: an overview Genetics in Medicine 2009 11 10 687 694
25. Hollander M. C., Blumenthal G. M., Dennis P. A., PTEN loss in the continuum of common cancers, rare syndromes and mouse models Nature Reviews Cancer 2011 11 4 289 301
26. Monte N. M., Webster K. A., Neuberg D., Dressler G. R., Mutter G. L., Joint loss of PAX2 and PTEN expression in endometrial precancers and cancer Cancer Research 2010 70 15 6225 6232
27. Meng F., Henson R., Wehbe-Janek H., Ghoshal K., Jacob S. T., Patel T., MicroRNA-21 regulates expression of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in human hepatocellular cancer Gastroenterology 2007 133 2 647 658 (Pubitemid 47187346)
28. Amodio N., Scrima M., Palaia L., Salman A. N., Quintiero A., Franco R., Botti G., Pirozzi P., Rocco G., De Rosa N., Viglietto G., Oncogenic role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1, a PTEN negative regulator, in non-small-cell lung carcinomas American Journal of Pathology 2010 177 5 2622 2634
29. Soria J. C., Lee H. Y., Lee J. I., Wang L., Issa J. P., Kemp B. L., Liu D. D., Kurie J. M., Mao L., Khuri F. R., Lack of PTEN expression in non-small cell lung cancer could be related to promoter methylation Clinical Cancer Research 2002 8 5 1178 1184 (Pubitemid 34517656)
30. Marsit C. J., Zheng S., Aldape K., Hinds P. W., Nelson H. H., Wiencke J. K., Kelsey K. T., PTEN expression in non-small-cell lung cancer: evaluating its relation to tumor characteristics, allelic loss, and epigenetic alteration Human Pathology 2005 36 7 768 776 (Pubitemid 41112032)
31. Whang Y. E., Wu X., Suzuki H., Reiter R. E., Tran C., Vessella R. L., Said J. W., Isaacs W. B., Sawyers C. L., Inactivation of the tumor suppressor PTEN/MMAC1 in advanced human prostate cancer through loss of expression Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95 9 5246 5250 (Pubitemid 28208583)
32. Salmena L., Carracedo A., Pandolfi P. P., Tenets of PTEN tumor suppression Cell 2008 133 3 403 414 (Pubitemid 351622014)
33. Podsypanina K., Ellenson L. H., Nemes A., Gu J., Tamura M., Yamada K. M., Cordon-Cardo C., Catoretti G., Fisher P. E., Parsons R., Mutation of Pten/Mmac1 in mice causes neoplasia in multiple organ systems Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999 96 4 1563 1568 (Pubitemid 29098491)
34. Suzuki A., De La Pompa J. L., Stambolic V., Elia A. J., Sasaki T., Del Barco Barrantes I., Ho A., Wakeham A., Itie A., Khoo W., Fukumoto M., Mak T. W., High cancer susceptibility and embryonic lethality associated with mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in mice Current Biology 1998 8 21 1169 1178 (Pubitemid 28494715)
35. Trotman L. C., Niki M., Dotan Z. A., Koutcher J. A., Di Cristofano A., Xiao A., Khoo A. S., Roy-Burman P., Greenberg N. M., Van Dyke T., Cordon-Cardo C., Pandolfi P. P., Pten dose dictates cancer progression in the prostate PLoS Biology 2003 1 3, article E59
36. Di Cristofano A., Pesce B., Cordon-Cardo C., Pandolfi P. P., Pten is essential for embryonic development and tumour suppression Nature Genetics 1998 19 4 348 355 (Pubitemid 28357906)
37. Alimonti A., Carracedo A., Clohessy J. G., Trotman L. C., Nardella C., Egia A., Salmena L., Sampieri K., Haveman W. J., Brogi E., Richardson A. L., Zhang J., Pandolfi P. P., Subtle variations in Pten dose determine cancer susceptibility Nature Genetics 2010 42 5 454 458
38. Stemke-Hale K., Gonzalez-Angulo A. M., Lluch A., Neve R. M., Kuo W. L., Davies M., Carey M., Hu Z., Guan Y., Sahin A., Symmans W. F., Pusztai L., Nolden L. K., Horlings H., Berns K., Hung M. C., Van De Vijver M. J., Valero V., Gray J. W., Bernards R., Mills G. B., Hennessy B. T., An integrative genomic and proteomic analysis of PIK3CA, PTEN, and AKT mutations in breast cancer Cancer Research 2008 68 15 6084 6091
39. Hennessy B. T., Smith D. L., Ram P. T., Lu Y., Mills G. B., Exploiting the PI3K/AKT pathway for cancer drug discovery Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2005 4 12 988 1004
40. Brugge J., Hung M. C., Mills G. B., A new mutational aktivation in the PI3K pathway Cancer Cell 2007 12 2 104 107 (Pubitemid 47199129)
41. Yim E. K., Peng G., Dai H., Hu R., Li K., Lu Y., Mills G. B., Meric-Bernstam F., Hennessy B. T., Craven R. J., Lin S. Y., Rak functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating PTEN protein stability and function Cancer Cell 2009 15 4 304 314
42. Vazquez F., Ramaswamy S., Nakamura N., Sellers W. R., Phosphorylation of the PTEN tail regulates protein stability and function Molecular and Cellular Biology 2000 20 14 5010 5018 (Pubitemid 30431555)
43. Sheng Z. M., Marchetti A., Buttitta F., Champeme M. H., Campani D., Bistocchi M., Lidereau R., Callahan R., Multiple regions of chromosome 6q affected by loss of heterozygosity in primary human breast carcinomas British Journal of Cancer 1996 73 2 144 147 (Pubitemid 26028326)
44. Mund T., Pelham H. R. B., Regulation of PTEN/Akt and MAP kinase signaling pathways by the ubiquitin ligase activators Ndfip1 and Ndfip2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 107 25 11429 11434
45. Trotman L. C., Wang X., Alimonti A., Chen Z., Teruya-Feldstein J., Yang H., Pavletich N. P., Carver B. S., Cordon-Cardo C., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Chi S. G., Kim H. J., Misteli T., Jiang X., Pandolfi P. P., Ubiquitination regulates PTEN nuclear import and tumor suppression Cell 2007 128 1 141 156 (Pubitemid 46048885)
46. Wang X., Trotman L. C., Koppie T., Alimonti A., Chen Z., Gao Z., Wang J., Erdjument-Bromage H., Tempst P., Cordon-Cardo C., Pandolfi P. P., Jiang X., NEDD4-1 is a proto-oncogenic ubiquitin ligase for PTEN Cell 2007 128 1 129 139 (Pubitemid 46048884)
47. Fouladkou F., Landry T., Kawabe H., Neeb A., Lu C., Brose N., Stambolic V., Rotin D., The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1 is dispensable for the regulation of PTEN stability and localization Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 105 25 8585 8590 (Pubitemid 351987724)
48. Cao X. R., Lill N. L., Boase N., Shi P. P., Croucher D. R., Shan H., Qu J., Sweezer E. M., Place T., Kirby P. A., Daly R. J., Kumar S., Yang B., Nedd4 controls animal growth by regulating IGF-1 signaling Science signaling 2008 1 38, article ra5
49. Van Themsche C., Leblanc V., Parent S., Asselin E., X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) regulates PTEN ubiquitination, content, and compartmentalization Journal of Biological Chemistry 2009 284 31 20462 20466
50. Deveraux Q. L., Takahashi R., Salvesen G. S., Reed J. C., X-linked IAP is a direct inhibitor of cell-death proteases Nature 1997 388 6639 300 304 (Pubitemid 27317977)
51. Schimmer A. D., Dalili S., Batey R. A., Riedl S. J., Targeting XIAP for the treatment of malignancy Cell Death and Differentiation 2006 13 2 179 188 (Pubitemid 43102202)
52. Gericke A., Munson M., Ross A. H., Regulation of the PTEN phosphatase Gene 2006 374 1-2 1 9 (Pubitemid 43737118)
53. Yilmaz M., Christofori G., Mechanisms of motility in metastasizing cells Molecular Cancer Research 2010 8 5 629 642
54. Zhang Y., Ma B., Fan Q., Mechanisms of breast cancer bone metastasis Cancer Letters 2010 292 1 1 7
55. Mareel M., Boterberg T., No V., Van Hoorde L., Vermeulen S., Bruyneel E., Bracke M., E-cadherin/catenin/cytoskeleton complex: a regulator of cancer invasion Journal of Cellular Physiology 1997 173 2 271 274 (Pubitemid 27481143)
56. Wu X., Hepner K., Castelino-Prabhu S., Do D., Kaye M. B., Yuan X. J., Wood J., Ross C., Sawyers C. L., Whang Y. E., Evidence for regulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor by a membrane-localized multi-PDZ domain containing scaffold protein MAGI-2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000 97 8 4233 4238 (Pubitemid 30226116)
57. Subauste M. C., Nalbant P., Adamson E. D., Hahn K. M., Vinculin controls PTEN protein level by maintaining the interaction of the adherens junction protein -catenin with the scaffolding protein MAGI-2 Journal of Biological Chemistry 2005 280 7 5676 5681 (Pubitemid 40280047)
58. Tolkacheva T., Boddapati M., Sanfiz A., Tsuchida K., Kimmelman A. C., Chan A. M. L., Regulation of PTEN binding to MAGI-2 by two putative phosphorylation sites at threonine 382 and 383 Cancer Research 2001 61 13 4985 4989 (Pubitemid 32681524)
59. Hu Y., Li Z., Guo L., Wang L., Zhang L., Cai X., Zhao H., Zha X., MAGI-2 Inhibits cell migration and proliferation via PTEN in human hepatocarcinoma cells Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2007 467 1 1 9 (Pubitemid 47625295)
60. Zuo J. H., Activation of EGFR promotes squamous carcinoma SCC10A cell migration and invasion via inducing EMT-like phenotype change and MMP-9-mediated degradation of E-cadherin Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2011 112 9 2508 2517
61. Fingleton B., Lynch C. C., Vargo-Gogola T., Matrisian L. M., Cleavage of E-cadherin by matrix metalloproteinase-7 promotes cellular proliferation in nontransformed cell lines via activation of RhoA Journal of Oncology 2010 2010 11
62. Mohamet L., Lea M. L., Ward C. M., Abrogation of E-cadherin-mediated cellular aggregation allows proliferation of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells in shake flask bioreactors PLoS ONE 2010 5 9, article e12921
63. de Freitas Junior J. C. M., Silva B. D. R. D., de Souza W. F., de Arajo W. M., Abdelhay E. S. F. W., Morgado-Daz J. A., Inhibition of N-linked glycosylation by tunicamycin induces E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and inhibits cell proliferation in undifferentiated human colon cancer cells Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 2011 68 1 227 238
64. Rachagani S., Senapati S., Chakraborty S., Ponnusamy M. P., Kumar S., Smith L. M., Jain M., Batra S. K., Activated Kras G12D is associated with invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of E-cadherin British Journal of Cancer 2011 104 6 1038 1048
65. Bremnes R. M., Veve R., Hirsch F. R., Franklin W. A., The E-cadherin cell-cell adhesion complex and lung cancer invasion, metastasis, and prognosis Lung Cancer 2002 36 2 115 124 (Pubitemid 34302891)
66. Lau M.-T., Klausen C., Leung P. C. K., E-cadherin inhibits tumor cell growth by suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling via beta-catenin-Egr1-mediated PTEN expression Oncogene 2011 30 24 2753 2766
67. Fournier M. V., Fata J. E., Martin K. J., Yaswen P., Bissell M. J., Interaction of E-cadherin and PTEN regulates morphogenesis and growth arrest in human mammary epithelial cells Cancer Research 2009 69 10 4545 4552
68. Kotelevets L., Van Hengel J., Bruyneel E., Mareel M., Van Roy F., Chastre E., The lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN is critical for stabilizing intercellular junctions and reverting invasiveness Journal of Cell Biology 2001 155 7 1129 1135 (Pubitemid 34286264)
69. Adey N. B., Huang L., Ormonde P. A., Baumgard M. L., Pero R., Byreddy D. V., Tavtigian S. V., Bartel P. L., Threonine phosphorylation of the MMAC1/PTEN PDZ binding domain both inhibits and stimulates PDZ binding Cancer Research 2000 60 1 35 37 (Pubitemid 30058725)
70. Wu Y., Dowbenko D., Spencer S., Laura R., Lee J., Gu Q., Lasky L. A., Interaction of the tumor suppressor PTEN/MMAC with a PDZ domain of MAGI3, a novel membrane-associated guanylate kinase Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000 275 28 21477 21485 (Pubitemid 30481851)
71. Kotelevets L., Van Hengel J., Bruyneel E., Mareel M., Van Roy F., Chastre E., Implication of the MAGI-1b/PTEN signalosome in stabilization of adherens junctions and suppression of invasiveness FASEB Journal 2005 19 1 115 117 (Pubitemid 40069936)
72. Peng X., Cuff L. E., Lawton C. D., DeMali K. A., Vinculin regulates cell-surface E-cadherin expression by binding to -catenin Journal of Cell Science 2010 123 4 567 577
73. Virolle T., Adamson E. D., Baron V., Birle D., Mercola D., Mustelin T., De Belle I., The Egr-1 transcription factor directly activates PTEN during irradiation-induced signalling Nature Cell Biology 2001 3 12 1124 1128 (Pubitemid 33130464)
74. Sano T., Lin H., Chen X., Langford L. A., Koul D., Bondy M. L., Hess K. R., Myers J. N., Hong Y. K., Yung W. K. A., Steck P. A., Differential expression of MMAC/PTEN in glioblastoma multiforme: relationship to localization and prognosis Cancer Research 1999 59 8 1820 1824 (Pubitemid 29186149)
75. Perren A., Weng L. P., Boag A. H., Ziebold U., Thakore K., Dahia P. L. M., Komminoth P., Lees J. A., Mulligan L. M., Mutter G. L., Eng C., Immunohistochemical evidence of loss of PTEN expression in primary ductal adenocarcinomas of the breast American Journal of Pathology 1999 155 4 1253 1260 (Pubitemid 29488932)
76. Gimm O., Perren A., Weng L. P., Marsh D. J., Jen Jen Yeh, Ziebold U., Gil E., Hinze R., Delbridge L., Lees J. A., Mutter G. L., Robinson B. G., Komminoth P., Dralle H., Eng C., Differential nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of PTEN in normal thyroid tissue, and benign and malignant epithelial thyroid tumors American Journal of Pathology 2000 156 5 1693 1700 (Pubitemid 30646707)
77. Semba S., Satake S., Matsushita M., Yokozaki H., Phosphatase activity of nuclear PTEN is required for CDX2-mediated intestinal differentiation of gastric carcinoma Cancer Letters 2009 274 1 143 150
78. Whiteman D. C., Zhou X. P., Cummings M. C., Pavey S., Hayward N. K., Eng C., Nuclear PTEN expression and clinicopathologic features in a population-based series of primary cutaneous melanoma International Journal of Cancer 2002 99 1 63 67 (Pubitemid 34273199)
79. Jang K. S., Song Y. S., Jang S. H., Min K. W., Na W., Jang S. M., Jun Y. J., Lee K. H., Choi D., Paik S. S., Clinicopathological significance of nuclear PTEN expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma Histopathology 2010 56 2 229 239
80. Ginn-Pease M. E., Eng C., Increased nuclear phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 is associated with G0-G1 in MCF-7 cells Cancer Research 2003 63 2 282 286 (Pubitemid 36152480)
81. Chung J. H., Eng C., Nuclear-cytoplasmic partitioning of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) differentially regulates the cell cycle and apoptosis Cancer Research 2005 65 18 8096 8100 (Pubitemid 41330571)
82. Jacob A. I., Romigh T., Waite K. A., Eng C., Nuclear PTEN levels and G2 progression in melanoma cells Melanoma research 2009 19 4 203 210
83. Tachibana M., Shibakita M., Ohno S., Kinugasa S., Yoshimura H., Ueda S., Fujii T., Rahman M. A., Dhar D. K., Nagasue N., Expression and prognostic significance of PTEN product protein in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Cancer 2002 94 7 1955 1960 (Pubitemid 34270048)
84. Zhou X. P., Loukola A., Salovaara R., Nystrom-Lahti M., Peltomki P., De la Chapelle A., Aaltonen L. A., Eng C., PTEN mutational spectra, expression levels, and subcellular localization in microsatellite stable and unstable colorectal cancers American Journal of Pathology 2002 161 2 439 447 (Pubitemid 36142153)
85. Planchon S. M., Waite K. A., Eng C., The nuclear affairs of PTEN Journal of Cell Science 2008 121 3 249 253 (Pubitemid 351356695)
86. Liu F., Wagner S., Campbell R. B., Nickerson J. A., Schiffer C. A., Ross A. H., PTEN enters the nucleus by diffusion Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2005 96 2 221 234 (Pubitemid 41437856)
87. Boulikas T., Nuclear localization signals (NLS) Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 1993 3 3 193 227 (Pubitemid 23285349)
88. Peters R., Fluorescence microphotolysis to measure nucleocytoplasmic transport and intracellular mobility Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1986 864 3-4 305 359
89. Kuersten S., Ohno M., Mattaj I. W., Nucleocytoplasmic transport: ran, beta and beyond Trends in Cell Biology 2001 11 12 497 503 (Pubitemid 33079143)
90. Gil A., Andrés-Pons A., Fernndez E., Valiente M., Torres J., Cervera J., Pulido R., Nuclear localization of PTEN by a Ran-dependent mechanism enhances apoptosis: involvement of an N-terminal nuclear localization domain and multiple nuclear exclusion motifs Molecular Biology of the Cell 2006 17 9 4002 4013 (Pubitemid 44330883)
91. Mossink M. H., Van Zon A., Scheper R. J., Sonneveld P., Wiemer E. A. C., Vaults: a ribonucleoprotein particle involved in drug resistance? Oncogene 2003 22 47 7458 7467 (Pubitemid 37487169)
92. Zhenbao Y., Fotouhi-Ardakani N., Wu L., Maoui M., Wang S., Banville D., Shen S. H., PTEN associates with the vault particles in HeLa cells Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002 277 43 40247 40252 (Pubitemid 35215595)
93. Torres J., Pulido R., The tumor suppressor PTEN is phosphorylated by the protein kinase CK2 at its C terminus. Implications for PTEN stability to proteasome-mediated degradation Journal of Biological Chemistry 2001 276 2 993 998 (Pubitemid 32096519)
94. Georgescu M. M., Kirsch K. H., Akagi T., Shishido T., Hanafusa H., The tumor-suppressor activity of PTEN is regulated by its carboxyl-terminal region Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999 96 18 10182 10187 (Pubitemid 29422533)
95. Torres J., Rodriguez J., Myers M. P., Valiente M., Graves J. D., Tonks N. K., Pulido R., Phosphorylation-regulated cleavage of the tumor suppressor PTEN by caspase-3. Implications for the control of protein stability and PTEN-protein interactions Journal of Biological Chemistry 2003 278 33 30652 30660 (Pubitemid 36994570)
96. Raftopoulou M., Etienne-Manneville S., Self A., Nicholls S., Hall A., Regulation of cell migration by the C2 domain of the tumor suppressor PTEN Science 2004 303 5661 1179 1181 (Pubitemid 38233580)
97. Odriozola L., Singh G., Hoang T., Chan A. M., Regulation of PTEN activity by its carboxyl-terminal autoinhibitory domain Journal of Biological Chemistry 2007 282 32 23306 23315 (Pubitemid 47311930)
98. Chang C. J., Mulholland D. J., Valamehr B., Mosessian S., Sellers W. R., Wu H., PTEN nuclear localization is regulated by oxidative stress and mediates p53-dependent tumor suppression Molecular and Cellular Biology 2008 28 10 3281 3289 (Pubitemid 351657092)
99. Liu J. L., Mao Z., LaFortune T. A., Alonso M. M., Gallick G. E., Fueyo J., Yung W. K. A., Cell cycle-dependent nuclear export of phosphatase and tensin homologue tumor suppressor is regulated by the phosphoinositide-3-kinase signaling cascade Cancer Research 2007 67 22 11054 11063 (Pubitemid 350145936)
100. Liu J.-L., Mao Z., Gallick G. E., Yung W. K.A., AMPK/TSC2/mTOR-signaling intermediates are not necessary for LKB1-mediated nuclear retention of PTEN tumor suppressor Neuro-Oncology 2011 13 2 184 194
101. Song M. S., Carracedo A., Salmena L., Song S. J., Egia A., Malumbres M., Pandolfi P. P., Nuclear PTEN regulates the APC-CDH1 tumor-suppressive complex in a phosphatase-independent manner Cell 2011 144 2 187 199
102. Cardozo T., Pagano M., The SCF ubiquitin ligase: insights into a molecular machine Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2004 5 9 739 751 (Pubitemid 39208183)
103. Peters J. M., The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome: a machine designed to destroy Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2006 7 9 644 656
104. Pines J., Mitosis: a matter of getting rid of the right protein at the right time Trends in Cell Biology 2006 16 1 55 63 (Pubitemid 43077095)
105. Sullivan M., Morgan D. O., Finishing mitosis, one step at a time Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2007 8 11 894 903 (Pubitemid 47622563)
106. Hammond S. M., RNAi, microRNAs, and human disease Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 2006 58 s63 s68
107. Ambros V., MicroRNA pathways in flies and worms: growth, death, fat, stress, and timing Cell 2003 113 6 673 676 (Pubitemid 36724931)
108. Bagga S., Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in a pediatric patient as seen on PET/CT scan Clinical Nuclear Medicine 2007 32 7 553 554 (Pubitemid 46986089)
109. Bartel D. P., MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function Cell 2004 116 2 281 297
110. Farh K. K. H., Grimson A., Jan C., Lewis B. P., Johnston W. K., Lim L. P., Burge C. B., Bartel D. P., The widespread impact of mammalian microRNAs on mRNA repression and evolution Science 2005 310 5755 1817 1821 (Pubitemid 41814382)
111. Schwarz D. S., Hutvgner G., Du T., Xu Z., Aronin N., Zamore P. D., Asymmetry in the assembly of the RNAi enzyme complex Cell 2003 115 2 199 208 (Pubitemid 37329583)
112. Li T., Li D., Sha J., Sun P., Huang Y., MicroRNA-21 directly targets MARCKS and promotes apoptosis resistance and invasion in prostate cancer cells Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2009 383 3 280 285
113. Liang Z., Wu H., Reddy S., Zhu A., Wang S., Blevins D., Yoon Y., Zhang Y., Shim H., Blockade of invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells via targeting CXCR4 with an artificial microRNA Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2007 363 3 542 546 (Pubitemid 47513664)
114. Yan L. X., Huang X. F., Shao Q., Huang M. Y., Deng L., Wu Q. L., Zeng Y. X., Shao J. Y., MicroRNA miR-21 overexpression in human breast cancer is associated with advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and patient poor prognosis RNA 2008 14 11 2348 2360
115. Tavazoie S. F., Alarcn C., Oskarsson T., Padua D., Wang Q., Bos P. D., Gerald W. L., Massagué J., Endogenous human microRNAs that suppress breast cancer metastasis Nature 2008 451 7175 147 152
116. Valastyan S., Reinhardt F., Benaich N., Calogrias D., Szsz A. M., Wang Z. C., Brock J. E., Richardson A. L., Weinberg R. A., A pleiotropically acting microRNA, miR-31, inhibits breast cancer metastasis Cell 2009 137 6 1032 1046
117. Li X. F., Yan P. J., Shao Z. M., Downregulation of miR-193b contributes to enhance urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression and tumor progression and invasion in human breast cancer Oncogene 2009 28 44 3937 3948
118. Zhang J. G., Wang J. J., Zhao F., Liu Q., Jiang K., Yang G. H., MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) represses tumor suppressor PTEN and promotes growth and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Clinica Chimica Acta 2011 411 11-12 846 852
119. Ma X., Kumar M., Choudhury S. N., Becker Buscaglia L. E., Barker J. R., Kanakamedala K., Liu M.-F., Li Y., Loss of the miR-21 allele elevates the expression of its target genes and reduces tumorigenesis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 108 25 10144 10149
120. Qi L., Bart J., Tan L. P., Platteel I., van der Sluis T., Huitema S., Harms G., Fu L., Hollema H., van den Berg A., Expression of miR-21 and its targets (PTEN, PDCD4, TM1) in flat epithelial atypia of the breast in relation to ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma BMC Cancer 2009 9, article 163
121. Folini M., Gandellini P., Longoni N., Profumo V., Callari M., Pennati M., Colecchia M., Supino R., Veneroni S., Salvioni R., Valdagni R., Daidone M. G., Zaffaroni N., miR-21: an oncomir on strike in prostate cancer Molecular Cancer 2010 9, article 12
122. Yang H., Kong W., He L., Zhao J. J., O'Donnell J. D., Wang J., Wenham R. M., Coppola D., Kruk P. A., Nicosia S. V., Cheng J. Q., MicroRNA expression profiling in human ovarian cancer: miR-214 induces cell survival and cisplatin resistance by targeting PTEN Cancer Research 2008 68 2 425 433 (Pubitemid 351380068)
123. Cheng A. M., Byrom M. W., Shelton J., Ford L. P., Antisense inhibition of human miRNAs and indications for an involvement of miRNA in cell growth and apoptosis Nucleic Acids Research 2005 33 4 1290 1297 (Pubitemid 41439922)
124. Xiong X., Ren H.-Z., Li M.-H., Mei J.-H., Wen J.-F., Zheng C.-L., Down-regulated miRNA-214 induces a cell cycle G1 arrest in gastric cancer cells by up-regulating the PTEN protein Pathology and Oncology Research 2011 17 4 931 937
125. Wang C., Bian Z., Wei D., Zhang J.-G., miR-29b regulates migration of human breast cancer cells Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2011 352 1-2 197 207
126. Zhang C., Kang C., Wang P., Cao Y., Lv Z., Yu S., Wang G., Zhang A., Jia Z., Han L., Yang C., Ishiyama H., Teh B. S., Xu B., Pu P., MICRORNA-221 and -222 regulate radiation sensitivity by targeting the PTEN pathway International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 2011 80 1 240 248