Supplemental studies for cardiovascular risk assessment in safety pharmacology: A critical overview

Cardiovascular Toxicology

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 285-307

  Picard, Sandra ^a   Goineau, Sonia ^b   Guillaume, Philippe ^b   Henry, Joël ^a   Hanouz, Jean Luc ^a   Rouet, René ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE CAEN   (France)

^b Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology   (France)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; Hemodynamics; Preclinical studies; Proarrhythmic risk; QT interval; Safety Pharmacology

Indexed keywords

ALMOKALANT; ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; AMIODARONE; ANTIANGINA PECTORIS AGENT; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BLEOMYCIN; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENT; CISAPRIDE; CLOFILIUM; DOFETILIDE; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; FUROSEMIDE; METHOXAMINE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; PHENOTHIAZINE; QUINIDINE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; SALICYLIC ACID; SERTINDOLE; SILDENAFIL; SOTALOL; TERFENADINE; TOLTERODINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; UNINDEXED DRUG; VENLAFAXINE; YOHIMBINE;

ANXIETY DISORDER; AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION; BRUGADA SYNDROME; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY; COMPUTER MODEL; DISEASE MARKER; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART FAILURE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION DISTURBANCE; HEART MUSCLE POTENTIAL; HEART REPOLARIZATION; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE; LUNG EDEMA; MENTAL DISEASE; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY; PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE; QT PROLONGATION; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SHORT QT SYNDROME; SIDE EFFECT; SUDDEN DEATH; TORSADE DES POINTES; VALVULAR HEART DISEASE;

ANIMALS; ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC; CELLS, CULTURED; COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC TECHNIQUES, CARDIAC; HEART FUNCTION TESTS; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 80455164646     PISSN: 15307905     EISSN: 15590259     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12012-011-9133-z     Document Type: Review

References (205)

1. JP Kemp 1992 Antihistamines-is there anything safe to prescribe? Annals of Allergy 69 276 280 1416260 1:STN:280:DyaK3s%2Fjs1KjsQ%3D%3D
2. BP Monahan CL Ferguson ES Killeavy BK Lloyd J Troy LR Cantilena Jr 1990 Torsades de pointes occurring in association with terfenadine use Journal of American Medical Association 264 2788 2790 1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FjvFOktg%3D%3D 10.1001/jama.264.21.2788
3. L Abenhaim Y Moride F Brenot S Rich J Benichou X Kurz T Higenbottam C Oakley E Wouters M Aubier G Simonneau B Begaud 1996 Appetite-suppressant drugs and the risk of primary pulmonary hypertension New England Journal of Medicine 335 609 616 8692238 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvVWktr4%3D 10.1056/NEJM199608293350901 (Pubitemid 26277950)
4. AS Bass L Kinter P Williams 2004 Origins, practices and future of safety pharmacology Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 49 145 151 15172010 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXksVCjtLc%3D 10.1016/j.vascn.2004.02.007 (Pubitemid 38686652)
5. ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline (S7A). (2000). Safety Pharmacology studies for human pharmaceuticals. Available from http://www.ich.org/products/ guidelines/safety/article/safety-guidelines.html. Accessed April 19, 2011.
6. ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline (S7B). (2005). The non-clinical evaluation of the potential for delayed ventricular repolarization (QT interval prolongation) by human pharmaceuticals. Available from http://www.ich.org/ products/guidelines/safety/article/safety-guidelines.html. Accessed April 19, 2011.
7. ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline (E14). (2005). The clinical evaluation of QT/QTc interval prolongation and proarrhythmic potential for non-antiarrhythmic drugs. Available from http://www.ich.org/products/guidelines/ efficacy/article/efficacy-guideline.html. Accessed April 19, 2011.
8. WS Redfern L Carlsson AS Davis WG Lynch I MacKenzie S Palethorpe PK Siegl I Strang AT Sullivan R Wallis AJ Camm TG Hammond 2003 Relationships between preclinical cardiac electrophysiology, clinical QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes for a broad range of drugs: Evidence for a provisional safety margin in drug development Cardiovascular Research 58 32 45 12667944 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXit12gsb8%3D 10.1016/S0008-6363(02)00846-5 (Pubitemid 36351620)
9. YG Yap AJ Camm 2003 Drug-induced QT prolongation and torsades de pointes Heart 89 1363 1372 14594906 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXptleit78%3D 10.1136/heart.89.11. 1363
10. RB Fenichel M Malik C Antzelevitch M Sanguinetti DM Roden SG Priori JN Ruskin RJ Lipicky L Cantilena Independent Academic Task Force 2004 Drug-induced torsade de pointes and implications for drug development Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 15 475 495 15090000 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2004. 03534.x (Pubitemid 38510109)
11. DM Roden 2008 Cellular basis of drug-induced torsades de pointes British Journal of Pharmacology 154 1502 1507 18552874 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVajs7k%3D 10.1038/bjp.2008.238
12. LM Hondeghem L Carlsson G Duker 2001 Instability and triangulation of the action potential predict serious proarrhythmia, but action potential duration prolongation is antiarrhythmic Circulation 103 2004 2013 11306531 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3kvFWmtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32322230)
13. RR Shah LM Hondeghem 2005 Refining detection of drug-induced proarrhythmia: QT interval and TRIaD Heart Rhythm 2 773 776 10.1016/j.hrthm. 2005.04.018 (Pubitemid 40903687)
14. LM Hondeghem 2006 Estimation of proarrhythmic hazards by QT prolongation/shortening: QT obsession Drug Information Journal 40 273 279 (Pubitemid 44267155)
15. B Darpo 2001 Spectrum of drugs prolonging QT interval and the incidence of Torsades de pointes European Heart Journal 3 K70 K80 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3MXnt12ntL4%3D 10.1016/S1520-765X(01)90009-4 (Pubitemid 32910785)
16. J Tamargo 2000 Drug-induced torsades de pointes: From molecular biology to bedside Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 83 1 19 10887935 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjs12jurc%3D 10.1254/jjp.83.1 (Pubitemid 30352651)
17. GX Yan Y Wu T Liu J Wang RA Marinchak PR Kowey 2001 Phase 2 early afterdepolarization as a trigger of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in acquired long-QT syndrome: Direct evidence from intracellular recordings in the intact left ventricular wall Circulation 103 2851 2856 11401944 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzjsVSkug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32550076)
18. Waldo, A. L., Camm, A. J., DeRuyter, H., Friedman, P. L., MacNeil, D. J., Pauls, J. F., et al. (1996). Effect of d-sotalol on mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after recent and remote myocardial infarction. The SWORD Investigators. Survival with oral d-sotalol. Lancet, 348, 7-12. Erratum in Lancet 1996, 348, 416. (Pubitemid 26237238)
19. L Kober PE Bloch Thomsen M Moller C Torp-Pedersen J Carlsen E Sandoe K Egstrup E Agner J Videbaek B Marchant AJ Camm Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia, Mortality on Dofetilide (DIAMOND) Study Group 2000 Effect of dofetilide in patients with recent myocardial infarction and left-ventricular dysfunction: A randomised trial Lancet 356 2052 2058 11145491 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnvFSj 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03402-4 (Pubitemid 32009820)
20. SH Hohnloser T Klingenheben BN Singh 1994 Amiodarone-associated proarrhythmic effects. A review with special reference to torsades de pointes tachycardia Annals of Internal Medicine 121 529 535 8067651 1:STN:280: DyaK2czks1OjtA%3D%3D
21. C Patel C Antzelevitch 2008 Pharmacological approach to the treatment of long and short QT syndromes Pharmacology and Therapeutics 118 138 151 18378319 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXlvVSqsbg%3D 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.02.001
22. BM Dumotier MM Adamantidis FL Puisieux MM Bastide BA Dupuis 1999 Repercussions of pharmacologic reduction in ionic currents on action potential configuration in rabbit Purkinje fibers: Are they indicative of proarrhythmic potential? Drug Development Research 47 63 76 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkslGisbo%3D 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2299(199906)47:2<63::AID-DDR2>3.0.CO;2-5 (Pubitemid 29350660)
23. M Aubert R Osterwalder B Wagner I Parrilla I Cavero L Doesseger EA Ertel 2006 Evaluation of the rabbit Purkinje fibre assay as an in vitro tool for assessing the risk of drug-induced torsades de pointes in humans Drug Safety 29 237 254 16524323 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjslClsbs%3D 10.2165/00002018-200629030-00007 (Pubitemid 43363836)
24. GA Gintant JT Limberis JS McDermott CD Wegner BF Cox 2001 The canine Purkinje fiber: An in vitro model system for acquired long QT syndrome and drug-induced arrhythmogenesis Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 37 607 618 11336111 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVOltbY%3D 10.1097/00005344-200105000-00012 (Pubitemid 32377916)
25. P Champeroux K Viaud AI El Aarani JSL Fowler E Martel JY Le Guennec S Richard 2005 Prediction of the risk of torsade de pointes using the model of isolated canine Purkinje fibres British Journal of Pharmacology 144 376 385 15655517 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVGms7c%3D 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706070 (Pubitemid 40313684)
26. S Goineau S Picard P Lacroix 2004 Species-and gender-related effects of moxifloxacin on cardiac repolarization in isolated Purkinje fibers Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology Methods 49 217 239 10.1016/j.vascn.2004.03.005 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXksVCjtbk%3D (abstract)
27. T Natsukawa T Matsuzaki S Hayashi Y Ukai Y Yoshikuni K Kimura 1998 Comparison of the effects of NS-21 and tolterodine on the QTc interval in dogs General Pharmacology 30 137 9457495 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXntl2htL8%3D 10.1016/S0306-3623(97)00025-6 (Pubitemid 27497233)
28. GX Yan W Shimizu C Antzelevitch 1998 Characteristics and distribution of M cells in arterially perfused canine left ventricular wedge preparations Circulation 98 1921 1927 9799214 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fhs1Sisw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28509290)
29. C Antzelevitch W Shimizu GX Yan S Sicouri J Weissenburger VV Nesterenko A Burashnikov J Di Diego J Saffitz GP Thomas 1999 The M cells: Its contribution to the ECG and to normal and abnormal electrical function of the heart Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 10 1124 1152 10466495 1:STN:280: DyaK1MzpsVeksw%3D%3D 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00287.x (Pubitemid 29383677)
30. C Antzelevitch ZQ Sun ZQ Zhang GX Yan 1996 Cellular and ionic mechanisms underlying erythromycin-induced long QT intervals and torsades de pointes Journal of the American College of Cardiology 28 1836 1848 8962574 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXks12lug%3D%3D 10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00377-4 (Pubitemid 26426242)
31. W Shimizu B McMahon C Antzelevitch 1999 Sodium pentobarbital reduces transmural dispersion of repolarization and prevents torsades de pointes in models of acquired and congenital long QT syndrome Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 10 154 164 10090218 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7ovVKjtg%3D%3D 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00656.x (Pubitemid 29115237)
32. S Sicouri S Moro S Litovsky MV Elizari C Antzelevitch 1997 Chronic amiodarone reduces transmural dispersion of repolarization in the canine heart Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 8 1269 1279 9395170 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FlsFGnug%3D%3D 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1997.tb01018.x (Pubitemid 27490695)
33. T Liu BS Brown Y Wu C Antzelevitch PR Kowey GX Yan 2006 Blinded validation of the isolated arterially perfused rabbit ventricular wedge in preclinical assessment of drug-induced proarrhythmias Heart Rhythm 3 948 956 16876745 10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.04.021 (Pubitemid 44103507)
34. L Eckardt W Haverkamp H Mertens R Johna JR Clague M Borggrefe G Beithardt 1998 Drug-related torsades de pointes in the isolated rabbit heart: Comparison of clofilium, d, l-sotalol, and erythromycin Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 32 425 434 9733356 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlslGjsrg%3D 10.1097/00005344-199809000-00013 (Pubitemid 28399672)
35. HR Lu E Vlaminckx AN Hermans J Rohrbacher K Van Ammel R Towart M Pugsley DJ Gallacher 2008 Predicting drug-induced changes in QY interval and arrhythmias: QT-shortening drugs point to gaps in the ICHS7B guidelines British Journal of Pharmacology 154 1427 1438 18493243 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVajsrc%3D 10.1038/bjp.2008.191
36. P Milberg S Ramtin G Monnig N Osada K Wasmer G Breithardt W Haverkamp L Eckardt 2004 Comparison of the in vitro electrophysiology and proarrhythmic effects of amiodarone and sotalol in a rabbit model of acute atrioventricular block Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 44 278 286 15475823 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntV2hsrg%3D 10.1097/01.fjc.0000129581.81508.78 (Pubitemid 39129444)
37. P Milberg N Reinsch K Wasmer G Monnig J Stypmann N Osada G Breithardt W Haverkamp L Eckardt 2005 Transmural dispersion of repolarization as a key factor of arrhythmogenicity in a novel intact heart model of LQT3 Basic Research in Cardiology 100 365 371 15944809 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXnvFyiurc%3D 10.1007/s00395-005-0533-8 (Pubitemid 40974087)
38. BM Dumotier M Deurinck Y Yang M Traebert W Suter 2008 Relevance of in vitro SCREENIT results for drug-induced QT interval prolongation in vivo: A database review and analysis Pharmacology and Therapeutics 119 152 159 18462801 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVKntrnK 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.03.001
39. CL Lawrence MH Bridgland-Taylor CE Pollard TG Hammond J-P Valentin 2006 A rabbit Langendorff heart proarrhythmia model: Predictive value for clinical identification of torsades depointes British Journal of Pharmacology 149 845 860 17031389 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1ClsrjM 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706894 (Pubitemid 44851709)
40. D Thomas J Kiehn HA Katus CA Karle 2003 Defective protein trafficking in hERG associated hereditary long QT syndrome (LQT2): Molecular mechanisms and restoration of intracellular protein processing Cardiovascular Research 60 235 241 14613852 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXovVGhtbs%3D 10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.08.002 (Pubitemid 37412356)
41. LL Eckhardt S Rajamani CT January 2005 Protein trafficking abnormalities: A new mechanism in drug-induced long QT syndrome British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 145 3 4 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjsl2nurk%3D (Pubitemid 40675542)
42. E Ficker YA Kuryshev AT Dennis C Obejero-Paz L Wang P Hawryluk BA Wible AM Brown 2004 Mechanisms of arsenic-induced prolongation of cardiac repolarization Molecular Pharmacology 66 33 44 15213294 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXlsVOjur0%3D 10.1124/mol.66.1.33 (Pubitemid 38822085)
43. YA Kuryshev E Ficker L Wang P Hawryluk AT Dennis BA Wible AM Brown J Kang XL Chen K Sawamura W Reynolds D Rampe 2005 Pentamidine-induced long QT syndrome and block of hERG trafficking Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 312 316 323 15340016 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVWmur4%3D 10.1124/jpet.104.073692 (Pubitemid 40096484)
44. L Wang BA Wible X Wan E Ficker 2007 Cardiac glycosides as novel inhibitors of human ether-a-gogo-related gene channel trafficking Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 320 525 534 17095614 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhs1Wktbg%3D 10.1124/jpet.106.113043 (Pubitemid 46147930)
45. S Rajamani LL Eckhardt CR Valdivia CA Klemens BM Gillman CL Anderson KM Holzem BP Delisle BD Anson JC Makielski CT January 2006 Drug-induced long QT syndrome: hERG K + channel block and disruption or protein trafficking by fluoxetine and norfluoxetine British Journal of Pharmacology 149 481 489 16967046 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFeru7rF 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706892 (Pubitemid 44658508)
46. H Takemasa T Nagatomo H Abe K Kawakami T Igarashi T Tsurugi N Kabashima M Tamura M Okazaki BP Delisle CT January Y Otsuji 2008 Coexistence of hERG current block and disruption of protein trafficking in ketoconazole-induced long QT syndrome British Journal of Pharmacology 152 439 447 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707537 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhs1Khu74%3D (Pubitemid 351199008)
47. Z Zhou Q Gong B Ye Z Fan JC Makielski GA Robertson CT January 1998 Properties of HERG channels stably expressed in HEK 293 cells studied at physiological temperature Biophysical Journal 74 230 241 9449325 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhvFWjurg%3D 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)77782-3 (Pubitemid 28041752)
48. E Ficker AT Dennis L Wang AM Brown 2003 Role of the cytosolic chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 in maturation of the cardiac potassium channel HERG Circulation Research 92 H87 H100 10.1161/01.RES.0000079028.31393.15 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3sXks1Kms7k%3D
49. D Buggisch G Isenberg U Ravens G Scholtysik 1985 The role of sodium channels in the effects of the cardiotonic compound DPI 201-106 on contractility and membrane potentials in isolated mammalian heart preparations European Journal of Pharmacology 118 303 311 2417869 1:CAS:528:DyaL28XmtFOnuw%3D%3D 10.1016/0014-2999(85)90141-4 (Pubitemid 16179855)
50. V Kuhlkamp C Mewis R Bosch L Siepel 2003 Delayed sodium channel inactivation mimics long QT syndrome 3 Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 42 113 117 12827035 10.1097/00005344-200307000-00017 (Pubitemid 36791358)
51. RL Martin JS MacDermott HJ Salmen J Palmatier BF Cox GA Gintant 2004 The utility of hERG and repolarization assays in evaluating delayed cardiac repolarization: Influence of multi-channel block Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 43 369 379 15076220 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXislSnurg%3D 10.1097/00005344-200403000-00007 (Pubitemid 38270603)
52. M Murdoch GM Keating 2006 Sertindole: A review of its use in schizophrenia CNS Drugs 20 233 255 16529528 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkvF2mtbY%3D 10.2165/00023210-200620030-00005
53. BK Malhotra P Glue K Sweeney R Anziano J Mancuso P Wicker 2007 Thorough QT study with recommended and supratherapeutic doses of tolterodine Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 81 377 385 17339867 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXktl2lur4%3D 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100089 (Pubitemid 46364489)
54. J Satin I Kehat O Caspi I Huber G Arbel I Itzhaki J Magyar EA Schroder I Perlman L Gepstein 2004 Mechanism of spontaneous excitability in human embryonic stem cell derived cardiomyocytes Journal of Physiology 559 479 496 15243138 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotVymur0%3D 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.068213 (Pubitemid 39263813)
55. A Cavelli E Poluzzi F De Ponti M Recanatini 2002 Toward a pharmacophore for drugs inducing the long QT syndrome: Insights from a CoMFA study of HERG K + channel blockers Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45 3844 3853 10.1021/jm0208875 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlsFalsrk%3D (Pubitemid 35024289)
56. TJ Hund Y Rudy 2004 Rate dependence and regulation of action potential and calcium transient in a canine cardiac ventricular cell model Circulation 110 3168 3174 15505083 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsFahs70%3D 10.1161/01.CIR.0000147231. 69595.D3 (Pubitemid 39525061)
57. EJ Crampin M Halstead P Hunter P Nielsen D Noble N Smith M Tawhai 2004 Computational physiology and the physiome project Experimental Physiology 89 1 26 15109205 10.1113/expphysiol.2003.026740 (Pubitemid 38128848)
58. D Noble 2004 Modelling the heart Physiology 19 191 197 15304633 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpslOktbg%3D 10.1152/physiol.00004.2004
59. D Bottino RC Penland A Stamps M Traebert B Dumotier A Georgiva G Hemlinger GS Lett 2006 Preclinical cardiac safety assessment of pharmaceutical compounds using an integrated system-based computer model of the heart Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 90 414 443 16321428 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXht1OlsrjM 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2005.06.006 (Pubitemid 41721061)
60. S Ekins WJ Crumb Jr RD Sarazan JH Wikel SA Wrighton 2002 Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship for inhibition of human ether-a-gogo-related gene potassium channel Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 301 427 434 11961040 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtlKjur0%3D 10.1124/jpet.301.2.427 (Pubitemid 34429951)
61. JS Mitcheson J Chen M Lin C Culberson MC Sanguinetti 2000 A structural basis for drug-induced long QT syndrome Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 12329 12333 11005845 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvVSnsro%3D 10.1073/pnas.210244497
62. L Carlsson O Almgren G Duker 1990 QTU-prolongation and torsades de pointes induced by putative class III antiarrhythmic agents in the rabbit: Etiology and interventions Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 16 276 285 1697384 1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXlsVGju7c%3D 10.1097/00005344-199008000-00014 (Pubitemid 20222650)
63. M Akita Y Shibazaki M Izumi K Hiratsuka T Sakai T Kurosawa Y Shindo 2004 Comparative assessment of prulifoxacin, sparfloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin in the rabbit model of proarrhythmia Journal of Toxicological Sciences 29 63 71 15018156 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjvFGqtL4%3D 10.2131/jts.29.63 (Pubitemid 38405099)
64. HR Lu K Van Ammel E Vlaminckx F De Clerck 2004 QT and JT dispersion in the drug-induced long QT syndrome in anaesthetized rabbits is accurately detected by a three-lead surface ECG measurement Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 49 71 79 14990331 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhsV2ku7s%3D 10.1016/j.vascn.2003.10.003 (Pubitemid 38264395)
65. PM Orth JC Hesketh CK Mak Y Yang S Lin GN Beatch AM Ezrin D Felida 2006 RSD1235 blocks late I(Na) and supresses early afterdepolarizations and torsades de pointes induced by Class III agents Cardiovascular Research 70 486 496 16545351 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xks1Wlurk%3D 10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.01.026
66. I Jacobson L Carlsson G Duker 2011 Beat-to-beat QT interval variability, but not QT prolongation per se, predicts drug-induced torsades de pointes in the anaesthetised methoxamine-sensitized rabbit Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 63 40 46 20451633 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXkt1eisg%3D%3D 10.1016/j.vascn.2010.04.010
67. HR Lu P Remeysen F De Clerck 2000 Nonselective I(Kr)-blockers do not induce torsades de pointes in the anesthetized rabbit during alpha1-adrenoceptor stimulation Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 36 728 736 11117372 10.1097/00005344-200012000-00007
68. A Sugiyama K Hashimoto 1999 Can the MAP technique be applied to detect delayed afterdepolarization? Electrophysiologic and pharmacologic evidence Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 34 46 52 10413066 1:CAS:528: DyaK1MXktFCgtbo%3D 10.1097/00005344-199907000-00008 (Pubitemid 29296135)
69. Kr blockade European Journal of Pharmacology 507 169 177 15659307 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkvVCiuw%3D%3D 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.11.045 (Pubitemid 40126853)
70. A Sugiyama 2008 Sensitive and reliable proarrhythmia in vivo animal models for predicting drug-induced torsades de pointes in patients with remodelled hearts British Journal of Pharmacology 154 1528 1537 18552873 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVajs7Y%3D 10.1038/bjp.2008.240
71. L Carlsson 2006 In vitro and in vivo models for testing arrhythmogenesis in drugs Journal of Internal Medicine 259 70 80 16336515 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XitFSitbk%3D 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01590.x
72. PGA Volders KR Sipido MA Vos A Kulcsar SC Verduyn HJJ Wellens 1998 Cellular basis of biventricular hypertrophy and arrhythmogenesis in dogs with chronic complete atrioventricular block and acquired torsade de pointes Circulation 98 1136 1147 9736601 1:STN:280:DyaK1cvgvFGhtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28420706)
73. A Sugiyama Y Satoh H Shiina S Takeda K Hashimoto 2002 Torsadogenic action of the antipsychotic drug sulpiride assessed using in vivo canine models Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 40 235 245 12131553 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38Xls1Ohsbc%3D 10.1097/00005344-200208000-00009 (Pubitemid 34793161)
74. A Sugiyama Y Ishida Y Satoh S Aoki M Hori Y Akie Y Kobayashi K Hashimoto 2002 Electrophysiological, anatomical and histological remodelling of the heart to AV block enhances susceptibility to arrhythmogenic effects of QT prolonging drugs Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 88 341 350 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xis1Wkt7o%3D 10.1254/jjp.88.341 (Pubitemid 34302986)
75. A Takahara A Sugiyama Y Satoh H Iwasaki Y Nakamura K Hashimoto 2007 The chronic atrioventricular block dog as a model of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia: Cardiovascular and neuro-humoral profiles and its potential arrhythmogenic mechanisms Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 101 35 40 17577314 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnsFSqsrc%3D 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00071.x (Pubitemid 46934647)
76. J Weissenburger JM Davy F Chezalviel O Ertzbishoff JM Poirier F Engel P Lainee E Penin G Motte G Cheymol 1991 Arrhythmogenic activities of antiarrhythmic drugs in conscious hypokalemic dogs with atrioventricular block: Comparison between quinidine, lidocaine, flecainide, propranolol and sotalol Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 259 871 883 1941633 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXmslSgu7c%3D
77. SC Verduyn MA Vos J van der Zande A Kulcsar HJ Wellens 1997 Further observations to elucidate the role of interventricular dispersion of repolarization and early afterdepolarizations in the genesis of acquired torsade de pointes arrhythmias: A comparison between almokalant and d-sotalol using the dog as its own control Journal of the American College of Cardiology 30 1575 1584 9362418 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXntlygsb8%3D 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00333-1 (Pubitemid 27486478)
78. JM Van Opstal JD Leunissen HJ Wellens MA Vos 2001 Azimilide and dofetilide produce similar electrophysiological and proarrhythmic effects in a canine model of Torsade de Pointes arrhythmias European Journal of Pharmacology 412 67 76 11166738 10.1016/S0014-2999(00)00943-2 (Pubitemid 32149771)
79. A Takahara A Sugiyama Y Ishida K Wang Y Nakamura K Hashimoto 2006 Long-term bradycardia caused by atrioventricular block can remodel the canine heart to detect the histamine H1 blocker terfenadine-induced torsades de pointes arrhythmias British Journal of Pharmacology 147 634 641 16314854 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XisFOntr8%3D 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706493
80. H Yoshida A Sugiyama Y Satoh Y Ishida M Yoneyama K Kugiyama K Hashimoto 2002 Comparison of in vivo electrophysiological and proarrhythmic effects of amiodarone with those of a selective class III drug sematilide using the canine chronic AV block model Circulation Journal 66 758 762 12197602 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xmtl2qs7c%3D 10.1253/circj.66.758 (Pubitemid 34857534)
81. Y Kii K Nakatsuji I Nose M Yabuuchi Y Mizuki T Ito 2001 Effects of 5-HT(4) receptors agonists, cisapride and mosapride citrate on electrocardiogram in anaesthetized rats and guinea-pigs and conscious cats Pharmacology and Toxicology 89 96 103 11555327 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmslGqtLs%3D 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2001.d01-142.x (Pubitemid 32831791)
82. T Minematsu H Ohtani Y Yamada Y Sawada H Sato T Iga 2001 Quantitative relationship between myocardial concentration of tacrolimus and QT prolongation in guinea pigs: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model incorporating a site of adverse effect Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 28 533 554 11999291 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjsFSrtrs%3D 10.1023/A:1014460404352 (Pubitemid 34289542)
83. L Testai V Calderone A Salvadori MC Breschi P Nieri E Martinotti 2004 QT prolongation in anaesthetized guinea-pigs: An experimental approach for preliminary screening of torsadogenicity of drugs and drug candidates Journal of Applied Toxicology 24 217 222 15211616 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkvFClur0%3D 10.1002/jat.975 (Pubitemid 38801628)
84. DS Hauser M Stade A Schmidt G Hanauer 2005 Cardiovascular parameters in anaesthetized guinea pigs: A safety pharmacology screening model Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 52 106 114 15961325 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmsVClsLw%3D 10.1016/j.vascn.2005.03.003 (Pubitemid 41008634)
85. X Yao DL Anderson SA Ross DG Lang BZ Desai DC Cooper P Wheelan MS McIntyre ML Bergquist KI MacKenzie JD Becherer MA Hashim 2008 Predicting QT prolongation in humans during early drug development using hERG inhibition and an anaesthetized guinea-pig model British Journal of Pharmacology 154 1446 1456 18587422 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXptVajsLw%3D 10.1038/bjp.2008.267
86. Ks in guinea pigs cardiac myocytes Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 202 265 270 8037721 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXkvF2nsLc%3D 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1922 (Pubitemid 24252594)
87. JM Nerbonne 2000 Molecular basis of functional voltage-gated K + channel diversity in the mammalian myocardium Journal of Physiology 525 285 298 10835033 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXktl2ksb4%3D 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00285.x (Pubitemid 30398360)
88. GP Thomas RM Tripathi 1986 Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on ouabain-induced arrhythmias and cardiac arrest in guinea-pig British Journal of Pharmacology 89 385 388 2877699 1:CAS:528: DyaL2sXht1KmtA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 16008693)
89. MJ Hagerty CL Wainwright KA Kane 1996 The in vivo cardiovascular effects of a putative class III antiarrhythmic drug, AM 92016 Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 48 417 421 8794994 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjvVSgsrc%3D 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05944.x (Pubitemid 26188003)
90. Guillaume, P., Provost, D., & Lacroix, P. (2009). Models of cardiovascular disease: Measurements of arrhythmogenic/antiarrhythmic activity in the guinea-pig. Current Protocols in Pharmacology, 5.1.1-5.1.5.
91. Lacroix, P. (2002). Electrocardiographic toxicity in the guinea-pig. Current Protocols in Pharmacology, 5.29.1-5.29.7.
92. L Carlsson GJ Amos B Andersson L Drews G Duker G Wadstedt 1997 Electrophysiological characterization of the prokinetic agents cisapride and mosapride in vivo and in vitro: Implications for proarrhythmic potential Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 282 220 227 9223557 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXksFOmsLY%3D (Pubitemid 27425544)
93. J Kagstrom EL Sjogren AC Ericson 2007 Evaluation of the guinea-pig monophasic action potential (MAP) assay in predicting drug-induced delay of ventricular repolarisation using 12 clinically documented drugs Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 56 186 193 17582787 10.1016/j.vascn.2007.03.003 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVCmtLbI (Pubitemid 47381504)
94. T Wisialowski K Crimin J Engtrakul J O'Donnell B Fermini AA Fossa 2006 Differentiation of arrhythmia risk of the antibacterials moxifloxacin, erythromycin, and telithromycin based on analysis of monophaisc action potential duration alternans and cardiac instability Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 318 352 359 16614168 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmsFymtLw%3D 10.1124/jpet.106.101881
95. AA Fossa T Wisialowski E Wolfgang E Wang M Avery DL Raunig B Fermini 2004 Differential effect of HERG blocking agents on cardiac electrical alternans in the guinea pig European Journal of Pharmacology 486 209 221 14975710 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXht1yqurg%3D 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.12.028 (Pubitemid 38224532)
96. AA Fossa W Gorczyca T Wisialowski A Yasgar E Wang K Crimin W Volberg J Zhou 2007 Electrical alternans and hemodynamics in the anesthetized guinea pig can discriminate the cardiac safety of antidepressants Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 55 78 85 16678449 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXmtVCksQ%3D%3D 10.1016/j.vascn.2006.03.007 (Pubitemid 46048674)
97. RL Hamlin A Kijtawornrat BW Keene DM Hamlin 2003 QT and RR intervals in conscious and anesthetized guinea pigs with highly varying RR intervals and given QTtc-lengthening test articles Toxicological Sciences 76 437 442 14600288 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvVeksL4%3D 10.1093/toxsci/kfg254 (Pubitemid 38035437)
98. MJ De Pasquale LW Ringer RL Winslow RA Buchholz AA Fossa 1994 Chronic monitoring of cardiovascular function in the conscious guinea-pig using radio-telemetry Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 16 245 260 10.3109/10641969409067952 (Pubitemid 24135714)
99. J Gras J Llenas JM Palacios DJ Roberts 1996 The role of ketoconazole in the QTc interval prolonging effects of H1-antihistamines in a guinea-pig model of arrhythmogenecity British Journal of Pharmacology 119 187 188 8886395 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmtFSjurc%3D (Pubitemid 26326445)
100. M Shiotani T Harada J Abe Y Sawada K Hashimoto Y Hamada I Horii 2005 Practical application of guinea pig telemetry system for QT evaluation The Journal of Toxicological Sciences 30 239 247 16141657 10.2131/jts.30.239 (Pubitemid 41305781)
101. P Hess M Rey D Wanner B Steiner M Clozel 2007 Measurements of blood pressure and electrocardiogram in conscious freely moving guinea pigs: A model for screening QT interval prolongation effects Laboratory Animals 41 470 480 17988441 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsValsLbL 10.1258/002367707782314337 (Pubitemid 350246919)
102. JA Hey M del Prado J Sherwood W Kreutner RW Egan 1996 Comparative analysis of the cardiotoxicity proclivities of second generation antihistamines in an experimental model predictive of adverse clinical ECG effects Arzneimittelforschung 46 153 158 8720304 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhvFOqsb0%3D (Pubitemid 26079145)
103. A Algra J Tijssen JR Roelandt JR Pool J Lubsen 1993 QT interval variables from 24 hour electrocardiography and the two year risk of sudden death British Heart Journal 70 43 48 8037997 1:STN:280:DyaK2czht1ajsQ%3D%3D 10.1136/hrt.70.1.43 (Pubitemid 23243744)
104. I Gussak P Brugada J Brugada RS Wright SL Kopecky BR Chaitman P Bjerregaard 2000 Idiopathic short QT interval: A new clinical syndrome? Cardiology 94 99 102 11173780 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3gtlyksA%3D%3D 10.1159/000047299 (Pubitemid 32110328)
105. F Gaita C Giustetto F Bianchi C Wolpert R Schimpf R Riccardi S Grossi E Richiardi M Borggrefe 2003 Short QT syndrome: A familial cause of sudden death Circulation 108 965 970 12925462 10.1161/01.CIR.0000085071.28695.C4 (Pubitemid 37048226)
106. S Viskin D Zeltser M Ish-Shalom A Katz M Glikson D Justo D Tekes-Manova B Belhassen 2004 Is idiopathic ventricular fibrillation as short QT syndrome? Comparison of QT intervals of patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and healthy controls Heart Rhythm 1 587 591 15851224 10.1016/j.hrthm.2004.07.010 (Pubitemid 39462718)
107. R Schimpf C Wolpert F Gaita C Giustetto M Borggrefe 2005 Short QT syndrome Cardiovascular Research 67 357 366 15890322 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXmsVajs7g%3D 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.03.026 (Pubitemid 41019545)
108. C Giustetto F Di Monte C Wolpert M Borggrefe R Schimpf P Sbragia G Leone P Maury O Antonnen M Haissaguerre F Gaita 2006 Short QT syndrome: Clinical findings and diagnostic-therapeutic implications European Heart Journal 27 2440 2447 16926178 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl185 (Pubitemid 44522151)
109. M Haissaguerre N Derval F Sacher L Jesel I Deisenhofer L de Roy JL Pasquié A Nogami D Babuty S Yli-Mayry C De Chillou P Scanu P Mabo S Matsuo V Probst S Le Scouarnec P Defaye J Schlaepfer T Rostock D Lacroix D Lamaison T Lavergne Y Aizawa A Englund F Anselme M O'Neill M Hocini KT Lim S Knecht GD Veenhuyzen P Bordachar M Chauvin P Jais G Coureau G Chene GJ Klein J Clémenty 2008 Sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization New England Journal of Medicine 358 2016 2023 18463377 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXlsFyrtr4%3D 10.1056/NEJMoa071968 (Pubitemid 351681636)
110. J Fichet O Gene B Pierre D Babuty 2008 Fatal QT interval The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 26 739 18606353 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.039 (Pubitemid 351905835)
111. JE de la Coussaye JJ Eledjam P Bruelle PA Peray BP Bassoul JP Gagnol A Sassine 1993 Electrophysiologic and arrhythmogenic effects of the potassium channel agonist BRL-38227 in anesthetized dogs Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 22 722 730 7506325 10.1097/00005344-199311000-00009 (Pubitemid 23315377)
112. AJ D'Alonzo TA Hess RB Darbenzio JC Sewter ML Conder JR McCullough 1994
113. AJ D'Alonzo JL Zhu RB Darbenzio CR Dorso GJ Grover 1998 Proarrhythmic effects of pinacidil are partially mediated through enhancement of cathecholamine release in isolated perfused guinea-pig hearts Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 30 415 423 9515018 10.1006/jmcc.1997.0605 (Pubitemid 28116321)
114. P Milberg R Tegelkamp N Osada R Schimpf C Wolpert G Breithardt M Borggrefe L Eckardt 2007 Reduction of dispersion of repolarization and prolongation of postrepolarization refractoriness explain the antiarrhythmic effects of quinidine in a model of short QT syndrome Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 18 658 664 17521304 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00813.x (Pubitemid 46800513)
115. S Picard R Rouet P Ducouret PE Puddu F Flais A Criniti F Monti JL Gerard 1998 K-ATP channels and "border zone" arrhythmias: Role of the repolarization dispersion between normal and ischaemic ventricular regions British Journal of Pharmacology 127 1687 1695 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702704 (Pubitemid 29369005)
116. F Extramiana C Antzelevitsch 2004 Amplified transmural dispersion of repolarization as the basis for arrhythmogenesis in a canine ventricular-wedge model of short-QT syndrome Circulation 110 3661 3666 15569843 10.1161/01.CIR.0000143078.48699.0C (Pubitemid 39665254)
117. E Robert B Delye G Aya P Peray JM Juan A Sassine JE de La Coussaye JJ Eledjam 1997 Comparison of proarrhythmogenic effects of two potassium channel openers, levcromakalim (BRL38227) vs nicorandil (RP46417): A high resolution mapping study in rabbit hearts Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 29 109 118 9007679 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXotF2guw%3D%3D 10.1097/00005344-199701000-00017 (Pubitemid 27045183)
118. E Nof A Burashnikov C Antzelevitch 2010 Cellular basis for atrial fibrillation in an experimental model of short QT1: Implications for a pharmacological approach to therapy Heart Rhythm 7 251 257 20042373 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.10.017
119. M Haissaguerre P Jais DC Shah A Takahashi M Hocini G Quiniou S Garrigue A Le Mouroux P Le Metayer J Clementy 1998 Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originated in the pulmonary veins New England Journal of Medicine 339 659 666 9725923 1:STN:280:DyaK1czotlyhug%3D%3D 10.1056/NEJM199809033391003 (Pubitemid 28402090)
120. SS Po Y Li D Tang H Liu N Geng W Jackman B Scherlag R Lazzara E Patterson 2005 Rapid and stable re-entry within the pulmonary vein as a mechanism initiating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation Journal of the American College of Cardiology 45 1871 1877 15936621 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.02.070 (Pubitemid 40779870)
121. A Burashnikov C Antzelevitch 2006 Late-phase 3 EAD. A unique mechanism contributing to initiation of atrial fibrillation Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 29 290 295 16606397 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2006.00336.x (Pubitemid 43881405)
122. P Brugada J Brugada 1992 Right bundle branch block, persistent ST segment elevation and sudden cardiac death: A distinct clinical and electrocardiographic syndrome: A multicenter report Journal of the American College of Cardiology 20 1391 1396 1309182 1:STN:280:DyaK3s%2Fls1SjsQ%3D%3D 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90253-J
123. R Rosso E Kogan B Belhassen U Rozovski MM Scheinman D Zeltser A Halkin A Steinvil K Heller M Glikson A Katz S Viskin 2008 J-point elevation in survivors of primary ventricular fibrillation and matched control subjects: Incidence and clinical significance Journal of the American College of Cardiology 52 1231 1238 18926326 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.010
124. R Brugada J Brugada C Antzelevitch GE Kirsch D Potenza JA Towbin P Brugada 2000 Sodium channel blockers identify risk for sudden death in patients with ST-segment elevation and right bundle branch block but structurally normal deaths Circulation 101 510 515 10662748 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7ivFyrsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30080865)
125. A Sarkozy A Caenepeel P Geelen P Peytchev M de Zutter P Brugada 2005 Cibenzoline induced Brugada ECG pattern Europace 7 537 539 16216754 10.1016/j.eupc.2005.06.013 (Pubitemid 41488096)
126. P Aouate J Clerc P Viard J Seoud 2005 Propranolol intoxication revealing a Brugada syndrome Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 16 348 351 15817098 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2005.40564.x (Pubitemid 40404604)
127. F Rouleau P Asfar S Boulet L Dube JM Dupuis P Alquier J Victor 2001 Transient ST segment elevation in right precordial leads induced by psychotropic drugs: Relationship to the Brugada syndrome Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12 61 65 11204086 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7ksl2jtQ%3D%3D 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.00061.x (Pubitemid 32099486)
128. D Goldgran-Toledano G Sideris JP Kevorkian 2002 Overdose of cyclic antidepressants and the Brugada syndrome New England Journal of Medicine 346 1591 1592 12015405 10.1056/NEJM200205163462020 (Pubitemid 34755707)
129. GX Yan C Antzelevitch 1996 Cellular basis for the electrocardiographic J wave Circulation 93 372 379 8548912 1:STN:280:DyaK287jsVCitQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 26031498)
130. GX Yan C Antzelevitch 1999 Cellular basis for the Brugada syndrome and other mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis associated with ST segment elevation Circulation 100 1660 1666 10517739 1:STN:280:DyaK1MvkvVWltg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 29477277)
131. JM Di Diego C Antzelevitch 1993 Pinacidil-induced electrical heterogeneity and extrasystolic activity in canine ventricular tissues. Dose activation of ATP-regulated potassium current promote phase 2 reentry Circulation 88 1177 1189 7689041 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhsFehu7c%3D (Pubitemid 23264037)
132. T Uchida M Yashima M Gotoh Z Qu A Garfinkel JN Weiss MC Fishbein WJ Mandel PS Chen HS Karagueuzian 1999 Mechanism of acceleration of functional reentry in the ventricle: Effects of ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener Circulation 99 704 712 9950670 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhtlSjsL8%3D (Pubitemid 29077371)
133. SC Krishnan C Antzelevitch 1993 Flecainide-induced arrhythmia in canine ventricular epicardium. Phase 2 reentry? Circulation 87 562 572 8425300 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlvFGgu7o%3D (Pubitemid 23040926)
134. JM Fish C Antzelevitch 2004 Role of sodium and calcium channel block in unmasking the Brugada syndrome Heart Rhythm 1 210 217 15851155 10.1016/j.hrthm.2004.03.061 (Pubitemid 38878241)
135. SD Girouard DS Rosenbaum 2001 Role of wavelength adaptation in the initiation, maintenance and pharmacologic suppression of reentry Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12 697 707 11405405 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3Mzkt1Gqug%3D%3D 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.00697.x (Pubitemid 32506166)
136. C Antzelevitch 2007 Role of spatial dispersion of repolarization in inherited and acquired sudden cardiac death syndromes American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293 H2024 H2038 17586620 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1WlurvM 10.1152/ajpheart.00355.2007 (Pubitemid 47605847)
137. L Chi SC Black PI Kuo SO Fagbemi BR Lucchesi 1993 Actions of pinacidil at a reduced potassium concentration: A direct cardiac effect possibly involving the ATP-dependent potassium channel Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 21 179 190 7679150 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXpsVSrtQ%3D%3D 10.1097/00005344-199302000-00001 (Pubitemid 23027592)
138. PE Puddu R Rouet 1988 Are different pharmacokinetic properties of lidocaine versus propafenone in normal as compared to ischemic myocardium responsible for different electrophysiologic effects which help preventing arrhythmias Cardiologia 33 459 462 3167893 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2Fgt1ymtg%3D%3D
139. SN Lederman TL Wenger DE Bolster HC Strauss 1989 Effects of flecainide on occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias in dogs Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 13 541 546 2470990 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXhs1Grur8%3D (Pubitemid 19090108)
140. AA Wallace RF Stupienski III T Kothstein JR Gehret JJ Lynch Jr 1993 Demonstration of proarrhythmic activity with the class IC antiarrhtyhmic agent encainide in a canine model of previous myocardial infarction Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 21 397 404 7681500 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhvVeisLw%3D 10.1097/00005344-199303000-00008 (Pubitemid 23318424)
141. JF Aupetit Q Timour J Loufoua-Moundanga L Barral-Cadiere M Lopez M Freysz G Faucon 1995 Profibrillatory effects of lidocaine in the acutely ischemic porcine heart Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 25 810 816 7630159 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1Wlsb8%3D 10.1097/00005344-199505000-00018
142. M Freysz Q Tilmour L Bertrix J Loufoua-Moundanga S Omar G Faucon 1993 Enhancement by ischemia of the risk of cardiac disorders, especially fibrillation, in regional anesthesia with bupivacaine Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 37 350 356 8322562 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlslCjtrs%3D 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03727.x (Pubitemid 23155840)
143. S Picard R Rouet F Flais P Ducouret G Babtasi A Khayat JC Potier H Bricard JL Gerard 1998 Proarrhythmic and antiarrhythmic effects of bupivacaine in an in vitro model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion Anesthesiology 88 1318 1329 9605693 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjsVaqsLk%3D 10.1097/00000542-199805000-00024 (Pubitemid 28216877)
144. J Zhou CE Augelli-Szafran JA Bradley X Chen BJ Koci WA Volberg Z Sun JS Cordes 2005 Novel potent human ether-a-gogo-related gene (hERG) potassium channel enhancers and their in vitro antiarrhythmic activity Molecular Pharmacology 68 876 884 15976038 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpvFWkt7g%3D (Pubitemid 41206044)
145. Ks blockade at high heart rate in guinea pig and rabbit Circulation 104 951 956 11514385 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3MXmvFKms7c%3D 10.1161/hc3401.093151 (Pubitemid 32778049)
146. MB Thomsen J Matz PG Volders MA Vos 2006 Assessing the proarrhythmic potential of drugs: Current status of models and surrogate parameters of torsades de pointes arrhythmias Pharmacology and Therapeutics 112 150 170 16714061 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XptFCitrg%3D 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.04.009 (Pubitemid 44301487)
147. PE Puddu JC Legrand L Salle R Rouet J Ducroq 2011 I(Kr) vs I(Ks) blockade and arrhythmogenicity in normoxic rabbit Purkinje fibers: Does it really make a difference? Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology 25 304 312 21241363 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXmt1Wrsrg%3D 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00920.x
148. SR Raj CM Stein PJ Saavedra DM Roden 2009 Cardiovascular effects of non-cardiac drugs Circulation 120 1123 1132 19770411 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107. 728576
149. AM Arruda-Olson DW Mahoney A Nehra M Leckel PA Pellikka 2002 Cardiovascular effects of sildenafil during exercise in men with known or probable coronary artery disease: A randomized crossover trial Journal of American Medical Association 287 719 725 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xht1Kktrs%3D 10.1001/jama.287.6.719 (Pubitemid 34250457)
150. P Le Corre RJ Parmer MT Kailasam BP Kennedy TP Skaar H Ho R Leverge DW Smith MG Ziegler PA Insel NJ Schork DA Flockhardt DT O'connor 2004 Human sympathetic activation by alpha2-adrenergic blockade with yohimbine: Bimodal, epistatic influence of cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 76 139 153 15289791 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmt1Ogurc%3D 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.04.010 (Pubitemid 39013404)
151. P Mbaya F Alam S Ashim D Bennett 2007 Cardiovascular effect of high dose venlafaxine XL in patients with major depressive disorder Human Psychopharmacology 22 129 133 17397100 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlvFylsrY%3D 10.1002/hup.834 (Pubitemid 46730581)
152. WN Kernan CM Viscoli LM Brass JP Broderick J Brott E Feldmann LB Morgenstern JL Wilterdink RI Horwitz 2000 Phenylpropanolamine and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke New England Journal of Medicine 343 1826 1832 11117973 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktlSltA%3D%3D 10.1056/NEJM200012213432501 (Pubitemid 32104127)
153. AG Johnson LA Simons J Simons Y Friedlander J MacCallum 1993 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hypertension in the ederly: A community-based cross-sectional study British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 35 455 459 8512757 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3ptV2ntA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23158057)
154. VJ Canzanello L Schwartz SJ Taler SC Textor RH Wiesner MK Porayko RA Krom 1997 Evolution of cardiac risk after liver transplantation: A comparison of cyclosporine A and tacrolimus (FK506) Liver Transplantation and Surgery 3 1 9 9377752 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2Fit1WltQ%3D%3D 10.1002/lt.500030101 (Pubitemid 27043785)
155. DO Taylor ML Barr B Radovancevic DG Renlund RM Mentzer Jr FW Smart FW Smart DE Tolman OH Frazier JB Young P VanVeldhuisen 1999 A randomized, multicenter comparison of tacrolimus and cyclosporine immunosuppressive regimes in cardiac transplantation: Decreased hyperlipidemia and hypertension with tacrolimus Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 18 336 345 10226898 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3ktlCrtw%3D%3D 10.1016/S1053-2498(98)00060-6 (Pubitemid 29205269)
156. P Lacroix D Provost 2000 Basic safety pharmacology: The cardiovascular system Therapie 55 63 69 10860003 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czhslGrtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30319260)
157. JW Hubbard ST Nordstrom CP Smith KM Brooks L Laws-Ricker L Zhou HM Vargas 1997 α-Adrenergic activity and cardiovascular effects of besipirdine HCl (HP 749) and metabolite P7480 in vitro and in the conscious rat and dog Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 281 337 346 9103515 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXislSrtrg%3D (Pubitemid 27203086)
158. T Takahara H Dohmoto R Yoshimoto A Sugiyama K Hashimoto 2001 Cardiovascular action of a cardioselective Ca(2 +)channel blocker AH-1058 in conscious dogs assessed by telemetry European Journal of Pharmacology 413 101 108 11173068 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhtFens7s%3D 10.1016/S0014-2999(01)00740-3 (Pubitemid 32150063)
159. K Norton G Iacono M Vezina 2009 Assessment of the pharmacological effects of inotropic drugs on left ventricular pressure and contractility: An evaluation of the QA interval as an indirect indicator of cardiac inotropism Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 60 193 197 19523528 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVahsLfM 10.1016/j.vascn.2009.05.008
160. EC Smith B Padnos CJ Cordon 2001 Peripheral versus central muscarinic effects on blood pressure, cardiac contractility, heart rate, and body temperature in the rat monitored by radiotelemetry Pharmacology and Toxicology 89 35 42 11484908 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlsVenu74%3D 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2001.d01- 133.x (Pubitemid 32664568)
161. O Adeyemi S Roberts J Harris H West S Shome M Dewhurst 2009 QA interval as an indirect measure of cardiac contractility in the conscious telemeterised rat: Model optimisation and evaluation Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 60 159 166 19616109 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVahsLbK 10.1016/j.vascn.2009.03.006
162. PJ O'Brien 2006 Blood cardiac troponin in toxic myocardial injury: Archetype of a translational safety biomarker Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 6 685 702 17009904 10.1586/14737159.6.5.685 (Pubitemid 44525595)
163. BR Berridge S Pettit DB Walker AS Jaffe AE Schultze E Herman WJ Reagan SE Lipschult FS Apple MJ York 2009 A translational approach to detecting drug-induced cardiac injury with cardiac troponins: Consensus and recommendations form the Cardiac Tropinins Biomarker Working Group of the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute American Heart Journal 158 21 29 19540388 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXnsFSis70%3D 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.04.020
164. Y Takeda I Miyamori K Furukawa S Inaba H Mabuchi 1999 Mechanisms of FK 506-induced hypertension in the rat Hypertension 33 130 136 9931093 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXht1Ggurs%3D (Pubitemid 29061853)
165. JJG De Lima H Xue L Coburn TF Andoh DA MacCarron WM Bennett J-B Roullet 1999 Effects of FK506 in rat and human resistance arteries Kidney International 55 1518 1527 10201018 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00366.x (Pubitemid 29157152)
166. SM Gardiner JE March PA Kemp B Fallgren T Bennett 2004 Regional hemodynamic effects of cyclosporine A, tacrolimus and sirolimus in conscious rats British Journal of Pharmacology 141 634 643 14744807 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXivVCmur4%3D 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705659 (Pubitemid 38453255)
167. G Soydan E Tekes M Tuncer 2006 Short-term and long-term FK506 treatment alters the vascular reactivity of renal and mesenteric vascular beds Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 102 359 367 17130675 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXisFaitA%3D%3D 10.1254/jphs.FP0060733 (Pubitemid 44954595)
168. SM Gardiner PA Kemp JE March T Bennett 1995 Acute and chronic cardiac and regional haemodynamic effects of the novel bradycardic agent, S16257, in conscious rats British Journal of Pharmacology 115 579 586 7582475 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmtlOht78%3D
169. H Luukinen K Koshi P Laippala S-L Kivela 1999 Prognosis of diastolic and systolic orthostatic hypotension in older persons Archives of Internal Medicine 159 273 280 9989539 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7kt1Kntw%3D%3D 10.1001/archinte.159.3.273 (Pubitemid 29075647)
170. JA Schoenberger 1991 Drug-induced orthostatic hypotension Drug Safety 6 402 407 1793521 1:STN:280:DyaK387nt1artQ%3D%3D 10.2165/00002018-199106060-00002
171. VM Santillo FC Lowe 2006 Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with cardiovascular disease Drugs and Aging 23 795 805 17067183 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXislKhtg%3D%3D 10.2165/00002512-200623100-00003 (Pubitemid 44664670)
172. I Verhaeverbeke T Mets 1997 Drug-induced orthostatic hypotension in the ederly: Avoiding its onset Drug Safety 17 105 118 9285201 1:CAS:528: DyaK2sXmtVOqsrk%3D 10.2165/00002018-199717020-00003
173. A Fedorowski L Stavenow B Hedblad G Berglund PM Nilsson O Melander 2010 Orthostatic hypotension predicts all-cause mortality and coronary events in middle-aged individuals (The Malmo Preventive Project) European Heart Journal 31 85 91 19696189 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp329
174. SJ Humphrey RB McCall 1982 A rat model for predicting orthostatic hypotension during acute and chronic antihypertensive drug therapy Journal of Pharmacological Methods 7 25 34 7070102 1:CAS:528:DyaL38XhtlGhsrs%3D 10.1016/0160-5402(82)90055-9 (Pubitemid 12185641)
175. H Take K Shibata T Awaji A Hirasawa I Ikegaki T Asano T Takada G Tsujimoto 1998 Vascular α1-adrenoceptor subtype selectivity and α1-blocker-induced orthostatic hypotension Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 77 61 70 9639061 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjsFSktb0%3D 10.1254/jjp.77.61 (Pubitemid 28263991)
176. Y Hashimoto R Ohashi K Minami H Narita 1999 Comparative study of TA-606, a novel angiotensin II receptor antagonist, with losartan in terms of species difference and orthostatic hypotension Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 81 63 72 10580372 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmt1Cquro%3D 10.1254/jjp.81.63 (Pubitemid 29479056)
177. M Matos de Moura RAS Santos MAP Fontes 2005 Evidence for a functional cardiac interaction between losartan and angiotensin-(1-7) receptors revealed by orthostatic tilting test in rats British Journal of Pharmacology 144 755 760 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706039 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisVGjsr4%3D (Pubitemid 40520505)
178. Guillaume, P., Herve, S., Picard, S., & Lacroix, P. (2008). Orthostatic hypotension induced by postural change in the rat (Tilt Test). Current Protocols in Pharmacology, 5.45.1-5.45.8.
179. RAL Dampney MI Coleman MAP Fontes Y Hirooka J Horiuchi Y-W Li PD Potts T Tagawa 2002 Central mechanisms underlying short-and long-term regulation of the cardiovascular system Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 29 261 268 11985533 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XisVKms78%3D 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03640.x (Pubitemid 34227057)
180. A Shimokawa T Kunitake M Takasaki H Kannan 1998 Differential effects of anesthetics on sympathetic nerve activity and arterial baroreceptor reflex in chronically instrumented rats Journal of Autonomic Nervous System 72 46 54 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXltlCjsro%3D 10.1016/S0165-1838(98)00084-8 (Pubitemid 28414401)
181. D Bedette RAS Santos MAP Fontes 2008 Cardiovascular reactivity after blockade of angiotensin AT1 receptors in the experimental model of tilting test in conscious rats British Journal of Pharmacology 153 966 971 18193073 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXislWisLs%3D 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707652 (Pubitemid 351328944)
182. K Honda M Kashima R Honda K Nagata 1993 Orthostatic hypotension: With particular reference to experimentaly-induced orthostatic hypotension in dogs International Angiology 12 110 112 8370996 1:STN:280:DyaK3szotFeitA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23251066)
183. K Miki Y Hayashida F Tajima J Iwamoto K Shiraki 1989 Renal sympathetic nerve activity and renal responses during head-up tilt in conscious dogs American Journal of Physiology 257 R337 R343 2764158 1:STN:280: DyaL1MzkvFCqtw%3D%3D
184. P Verwaerde MA Tran JL Montastruc JM Senard G Portolan 1997 Effects of yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, on experimental neurogenic orthostatic hypotension Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology 11 567 575 9444525 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhtVWqsw%3D%3D 10.1111/j.1472-8206.1997.tb00862.x (Pubitemid 27520921)
185. K Kumar WE Holden 1986 Drug-induced pulmonary vascular disease mechanisms and clinical patterns Western Journal of Medicine 145 343 349 3532567 1:STN:280:DyaL2s%2FitFWitg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 16024216)
186. HM Connolly JL Crary MD McGoon DD Hensrud BS Edwards WD Edwards HV Schaff 1997 Valvular heart disease associated with fenfluramine-phentermine New England Journal of Medicine 337 581 588 9271479 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmtVGntLc%3D 10.1056/NEJM199708283370901 (Pubitemid 27360757)
187. J Feenstra DE Grobbee WJ Remme BH Stricker 1999 Drug-inuced heart failure Journal of the American College of Cardiology 33 1152 1162 10193711 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXntVWjtrc%3D 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00006-6
188. JE Heffner SA Sahn 1981 Salicylate induced pulmonary edema-clinical features and prognosis Annals of Internal Medicine 95 405 409 7283290 1:STN:280:DyaL38%2Fit1Wjsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 11007364)
189. IYR Adamson 1984 Drug induced pulmonary fibrosis Environmental Health Perspectives 55 25 36 6203733 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXktFKltrw%3D 10.1289/ehp.845525
190. PJ Kudenchuk DJ Pierson HL Greene EL Graham GK Sears GB Trobaugh 1984 Prospective evaluation of amiodarone pulmonary toxicity Chest 86 541 544 6478892 1:STN:280:DyaL2M%2Fgt12nsw%3D%3D 10.1378/chest.86.4.541
191. DJ Gillmer P Kark 1980 Pulmonary oedema precipitated by nifedipine British Medical Journal 280 1420 1421 7427144 1:STN:280:DyaL3M%2FktVyhuw%3D%3D 10.1136/bmj.280.6229.1420 (Pubitemid 10123133)
192. R Joselson M Warnock 1983 Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease after chemotherapy Human Pathology 14 88 91 6187654 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7lvFegtQ%3D%3D 10.1016/S0046-8177(83)80052-5 (Pubitemid 13186984)
193. MP Vessey R Doll 1970 Investigation of relation between use of oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease British Medical Journal 2 199 205 10.1136/bmj.2.5599.199
194. BH Bass 1981 Hydralazine lung Thorax 36 695 696 7314046 1:STN:280:DyaL38%2FosFehsA%3D%3D 10.1136/thx.36.9.695 (Pubitemid 12217369)
195. SK Goldberg JB Lipschutz RM Ricketts AMM Fein 1984 Procainamide-induced lupus lung disease characterized by neutrophil alveolitis American Journal of Medicine 76 146 150 6691352 1:STN:280:DyaL2c7gtFGgug%3D%3D 10.1016/0002-9343(84) 90763-0 (Pubitemid 14216373)
196. JW Leatherman SF Davies JR Hoidal 1984 Alveolar hemorrhage syndromes: Diffuse microvascular lung hemorrhage in immune and idiopathic disorders Medicine (Baltimore) 63 343 361 1:STN:280:DyaL2M%2FmtVeqsA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 15216405)
197. AT Masi 1976 Pulmonary hypertension and oral contraceptives usage Chest 69 451 453 1261309 1:STN:280:DyaE287msVGntQ%3D%3D 10.1378/chest.69.4.451b
198. G Simonneau M Fartoukh O Sitbon M Humbert J-L Jagot P Herve 1998 Primary pulmonary hypertension associated with the use of fenfluramine derivatives Chest 114 195S 199S 9741568 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmtlyjtLg%3D 10.1378/chest.114.3- Supplement.195S (Pubitemid 28435967)
199. P Hess M Clozel J-P Clozel 1996 Telemetry monitoring of pulmonary arterial pressure in freely moving rats Journal of Applied Physiology 81 1027 1032 8872676 1:STN:280:DyaK2s%2Fis1Cqug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 26303261)
200. ML Handoko I Schalij K Kramer A Sebkhi PE Postmus WJ van der Laarse WJ Paulus A Vonk-Noordegraaf 2008 A refined radio-telemetry technique to monitor right ventricle or pulmonary artery pressures in rats: A useful tool in pulmonary hypertension research European Journal of Physiology 455 951 959 17912547 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVaqu7%2FJ 10.1007/s00424-007-0334-z (Pubitemid 350265617)
201. MM Redfield WJ Nicholson WD Edwards AJ Tajik 1992 Valve disease associated with ergot alkaloid use: Echocardiographic and pathologic correlations Annals of Internal Medicine 117 50 52 1596047 1:STN:280: DyaK383otFaktg%3D%3D
202. G Van Camp A Flamez B Cosyns C Weytjens L Muyldermans M Van Zandijcke J De Sutter P Santens P Decoodt C Moerman D Schoors 2004 Treatment of Parkinson's disease with pergolide and relation to restrictive valvular heart disease Lancet 363 1179 1183 15081648 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15945-X 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXjtVWitLg%3D (Pubitemid 38481842)
203. F Le Ven C Tribouilloy G Habib JP Gueffet S Marechaux JC Eicher B Blanchard-Lemoine J Rousseau P Henon Y Jobic Y Etienne 2011 Valvular heart disease associated with benfluorex therapy: Results from the French multicentre registry European Journal of Echocardiography 12 265 271 21193484 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq172
204. BI Gustafsson K Tommeras I Nordrum JP Loennechen A Brunsvik E Solligard R Fossmark I Bakke U Syversen H Waldrum 2005 Long-term serotonin administration induces heart valve disease in rats Circulation 111 1517 1522 15781732 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisVGrt7Y%3D 10.1161/01.CIR.0000159356.42064.48 (Pubitemid 40470647)
205. S Droogmans PR Franken C Garbar C Weytjens B Cosyns T Lahoutte V Caveliers M Pipeleers-Marichal A Bossuyt D Schoors G Van Camp 2007 In vivo model of drug-induced valvular heart disease in rats: Pergolide-induced valvular heart disease demonstrated by echocardiography and correlation with pathology European Heart Journal 28 2156 2162 17636306 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm263 (Pubitemid 47517444)