Na+/H+ Exchange in Mammalian Digestive Tract

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Volumn 2, Issue , 2012, Pages 1781-1818

  Kiela, Pawel R ^a   Ghishan, Fayez K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882481906     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-382026-6.00066-X     Document Type: Chapter

References (350)

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78. + antiport: assessment of effects on intracellular pH. Embo J 1993, 12:5209-5218.
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110. + exchanger (SLC9A2). Genomics 1995, 30:25-30.
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114. Rossmann H, Sonnentag T, Heinzmann A, Seidler B, Bachmann O, Vieillard-Baron D, et al. Differential expression and regulation of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoforms in rabbit parietal and mucous cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001, 281:G447-458.
115. + exchanger isoforms in rat parotid acinar and ductal cells. Am J Physiol 1999, 276:G470-478.
116. Narins SC, Park EH, Ramakrishnan R, Garcia FU, Diven JN, Balin BJ, et al. Functional characterization of Na(+)/H(+) exchangers in primary cultures of prairie dog gallbladder. J Membr Biol 2004, 197:123-134.
117. Lee MG, Ahn W, Choi JY, Luo X, Seo JT, Schultheis PJ, et al. Na(+)-dependent transporters mediate HCO(3)(-) salvage across the luminal membrane of the main pancreatic duct. J Clin Invest 2000, 105:1651-1658.
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119. + exchanger isoform NHE2 in rat kidney. Am J Physiol 1998, 275:F379-386.
120. Peti-Peterdi J, Chambrey R, Bebok Z, Biemesderfer D, John PL, Abrahamson DR, et al. Macula densa Na(+)/H(+) exchange activities mediated by apical NHE2 and basolateral NHE4 isoforms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000, 278:F452-463.
121. + exchanger isoforms in mouse endometrial epithelium. Biol Reprod 2003, 68:302-308.
122. + exchanger is reduced in syncytiotrophoblast microvillous plasma membranes isolated from preterm intrauterine growth restriction pregnancies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002, 87:5686-5694.
123. + exchangers in healthy and arthritic chondrocytes. Histol Histopathol 1999, 14:1023-1031.
124. + exchanger in the guinea pig cochlea. Hear Res 1999, 128:89-96.
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126. + exchanger isoform 2 gene causes reduced viability of gastric parietal cells and loss of net acid secretion. J Clin Invest 1998, 101:1243-1253.
127. Boivin GP, Schultheis PJ, Shull GE, Stemmermann GN Variant form of diffuse corporal gastritis in NHE2 knockout mice. Comp Med 2000, 50:511-515.
128. Malakooti J, Dahdal RY, Dudeja PK, Layden TJ, Ramaswamy K The human Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE2 gene: genomic organization and promoter characterization. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001, 280:G763-773.
129. Muller YL, Collins JF, Bai L, Xu H, Ghishan FK Molecular cloning and characterization of the rat NHE-2 gene promoter. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998, 1442:314-319.
130. Bai L, Collins JF, Xu H, Ghishan FK Transcriptional regulation of rat Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform-2 (NHE-2) gene by Sp1 transcription factor. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001, 280:C1168-1175.
131. Pearse I, Zhu YX, Murray EJ, Dudeja PK, Ramaswamy K, Malakooti J Sp1 and Sp3 control constitutive expression of the human NHE2 promoter by interactions with the proximal promoter and the transcription initiation site. Biochem J 2007, 407:101-111.
132. Hua P, Xu H, Uno JK, Lipko MA, Dong J, Kiela PR, et al. Sp1 and Sp3 mediate NHE2 gene transcription in the intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007, 293:G146-153.
133. + exchanger (NHE-2). Biochim Biophys Acta 1993, 1150:199-202.
134. Xu H, Collins JF, Bai L, Kiela PR, Lynch RM, Ghishan FK Epidermal growth factor regulation of rat NHE2 gene expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001, 281:C504-513.
135. Falcone RA, Shin CE, Stern LE, Wang Z, Erwin CR, Soleimani M, et al. Differential expression of ileal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoforms after enterectomy. J Surg Res 1999, 86:192-197.
136. + exchanger isoforms NHE2 and NHE3: an effect opposite to that on NHE1. Am J Physiol 1996, 270:G431-441.
137. + exchanger isoforms NHE-2 and NHE-1 in inner medullary collecting duct cells. Expression, functional localization, and differential regulation. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:27973-27978.
138. Bai L, Collins JF, Muller YL, Xu H, Kiela PR, Ghishan FK Characterization of cis-elements required for osmotic response of rat Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-2 (NHE-2) gene. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:R1112-1119.
139. Collins JF, Kiela PR, Xu H, Zeng J, Ghishan FK Increased NHE2 expression in rat intestinal epithelium during ontogeny is transcriptionally mediated. Am J Physiol 1998, 275:C1143-1150.
140. Collins JF, Kiela PR, Xu H, Ghishan FK Expression of rat, renal NHE2 and NHE3 during postnatal development. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000, 1464:7-17.
141. Cavet ME, Akhter S, Murtazina R, Sanchez de Medina F, Tse CM, Donowitz M Half-lives of plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) exchangers NHE1-3: plasma membrane NHE2 has a rapid rate of degradation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001, 281:C2039-2048.
142. Cavet ME, Akhter S, de Medina FS, Donowitz M, Tse CM Na(+)/H(+) exchangers (NHE1-3) have similar turnover numbers but different percentages on the cell surface. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:C1111-1121.
143. + exchangers stably expressed in a fibroblast cell line. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:25527-25535.
144. + exchanger 3 (NHE3) requires an NHE3-E3KARP-alpha-actinin-4 complex for oligomerization and endocytosis. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:23714-23724.
145. Rocha F, Musch MW, Lishanskiy L, Bookstein C, Sugi K, Xie Y, et al. IFN-gamma downregulates expression of Na(+)/H(+) exchangers NHE2 and NHE3 in rat intestine and human Caco-2/bbe cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001, 280:C1224-1232.
146. + exchange isoform activities by enteropathogenic E. coli in human intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2004.
147. + exchange by EPEC is PKC mediated. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006, 291:G959-968.
148. Amin MR, Orenuga T, Tyagi S, Dudeja PK, Ramaswamy K, Malakooti J Tumor necrosis factor-alpha represses the expression of NHE2 through NF-kappaB activation in intestinal epithelial cell model, C2BBe1. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010.
149. Kiela PR, Laubitz D, Larmonier CB, Midura-Kiela MT, Lipko MA, Janikashvili N, et al. Changes in mucosal homeostasis predispose NHE3 knockout mice to increased susceptibility to DSS-induced epithelial injury. Gastroenterology 2009, 137:965-975. 975 e961-910.
150. + exchanger 2 have impaired recovery of intestinal barrier function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008, 295:G791-797.
151. + exchanger isoform (NHE-3). J Biol Chem 1992, 267:9340-9346.
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153. + exchanger isoform, NHE3. Am J Physiol 1995, 269:C198-206.
154. + exchanger (NHE3) isoform to chromosome 5p15.3. Genomics 1993, 15:668-672.
155. + exchange activity, blocks NHE-3 transport to the membrane, and increases NHE-3 mRNA expression in LLC-PK1 cells. J Lab Clin Med 1996, 127:565-573.
156. + exchanger isoform NHE-3 is species specific. J Lab Clin Med 1996, 128:304-312.
157. Mennone A, Biemesderfer D, Negoianu D, Yang CL, Abbiati T, Schultheis PJ, et al. Role of sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform NHE3 in fluid secretion and absorption in mouse and rat cholangiocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001, 280:G247-254.
158. + exchanger in sodium absorption by the rabbit gallbladder. Pflugers Arch 1996, 432:791-796.
159. + exchanger in human gallbladder. Clin Sci (Lond) 1996, 91:209-212.
160. Janecki AJ, Montrose MH, Tse CM, de Medina FS, Zweibaum A, Donowitz M Development of an endogenous epithelial Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE3) in three clones of caco-2 cells. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:G292-305.
161. + exchanger isoform 3 in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. Protein kinase C-mediated inhibition of the exchanger. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:8790-8798.
162. Biemesderfer D, Rutherford PA, Nagy T, Pizzonia JH, Abu-Alfa AK, Aronson PS Monoclonal antibodies for high-resolution localization of NHE3 in adult and neonatal rat kidney. Am J Physiol 1997, 273:F289-299.
163. + exchanger 3 (NHE3) is present in lipid rafts in the rabbit ileal brush border: a role for rafts in trafficking and rapid stimulation of NHE3. J Physiol 2001, 537:537-552.
164. + exchangers NHE2 and NHE3 in intestinal epithelial cell line C2/bbe. Am J Physiol 1998, 275:C693-701.
165. + exchanger gene family. J Nephrol 2002, 15(suppl 5):S3-21.
166. Moe OW Acute regulation of proximal tubule apical membrane Na/H exchanger NHE-3: role of phosphorylation, protein trafficking, and regulatory factors. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999, 10:2412-2425.
167. Gawenis LR, Stien X, Shull GE, Schultheis PJ, Woo AL, Walker NM, et al. Intestinal NaCl transport in NHE2 and NHE3 knockout mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2002, 282:G776-784.
168. + exchanger. Nat Genet 1998, 19:282-285.
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173. + exchanger isoform. J Biol Chem 1993, 268:206-211.
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182. Kiela PR, Hines ER, Collins JF, Ghishan FK Regulation of the rat NHE3 gene promoter by sodium butyrate. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001, 281:G947-956.
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184. + exchange activity via 5-HT4 receptors and activation of PKC alpha in human intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 2005, 128:962-974.
185. + exchanger NHE3 by serotonin in intestinal epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009, 382:620-625.
186. Charney AN, Dagher PC Acid-base effects on colonic electrolyte transport revisited. Gastroenterology 1996, 111:1358-1368.
187. + exchanger activity is up-regulated by bowel resection in the weanling rat. Pediatr Res 1993, 33:215-220.
188. + exchanger NHE3. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010, 2010:238080.
189. + exchanger by intracellular calcium. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009, 1165:240-248.
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191. Zhao H, Wiederkehr MR, Fan L, Collazo RL, Crowder LA, Moe OW Acute inhibition of Na/H exchanger NHE-3 by cAMP. Role of protein kinase a and NHE-3 phosphoserines 552 and 605. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:3978-3987.
192. + exchanger NHE3 activity by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. phosphorylation-dependent and -independent mechanisms. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:28672-28679.
193. Kocinsky HS, Dynia DW, Wang T, Aronson PS NHE3 phosphorylation at serines 552 and 605 does not directly affect NHE3 activity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007, 293:F212-218.
194. + exchanger, NHE3, requires an associated regulatory protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997, 94:3010-3015.
195. Reczek D, Bretscher A The carboxyl-terminal region of EBP50 binds to a site in the amino-terminal domain of ezrin that is masked in the dormant molecule. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:18452-18458.
196. + exchanger NHE3 and the cytoskeletal protein ezrin. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:25856-25863.
197. Cinar A, Chen M, Riederer B, Bachmann O, Wiemann M, Manns M, et al. NHE3 inhibition by cAMP and Ca2+ is abolished in PDZ-domain protein PDZK1-deficient murine enterocytes. J Physiol 2007, 581:1235-1246.
198. + exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) in regulation of NHE3. Cell Physiol Biochem 2003, 13:29-40.
199. Yun CC, Chen Y, Lang F Glucocorticoid activation of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform 3 revisited. The roles of SGK1 and NHERF2. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:7676-7683.
200. Wang D, Sun H, Lang F, Yun CC Activation of NHE3 by dexamethasone requires phosphorylation of NHE3 at Ser663 by SGK1. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2005, 289:C802-810.
201. Yip JW, Ko WH, Viberti G, Huganir RL, Donowitz M, Tse CM Regulation of the epithelial brush border Na + /H + exchanger isoform 3 stably expressed in fibroblasts by fibroblast growth factor and phorbol esters is not through changes in phosphorylation of the exchanger. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:18473-18480.
202. Kurashima K, D'Souza S, Szaszi K, Ramjeesingh R, Orlowski J, Grinstein S The apical Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform NHE3 is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:29843-29849.
203. + exchanger NHE3. Role of myosin light chain phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:28599-28606.
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205. + exchanger NHE3. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:40761-40768.
206. Szaszi K, Grinstein S, Orlowski J, Kapus A Regulation of the epithelial Na(+) /H(+) exchanger isoform by the cytoskeleton. Cell Physiol Biochem 2000, 10:265-272.
207. Chow CW, Khurana S, Woodside M, Grinstein S, Orlowski J The epithelial Na(+)/H(+) exchanger, NHE3, is internalized through a clathrin-mediated pathway. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:37551-37558.
208. + exchanger 3 accumulates and is functional in recycling endosomes. J Biol Chem 1998, 273:2035-2043.
209. + exchanger 3 (NHE3) occurs through changes in NHE3 trafficking and complex formation and is Src dependent. J Physiol 2004, 556:791-804.
210. + exchanger 3. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:31296-31304.
211. Donowitz M, Janecki A, Akhter S, Cavet ME, Sanchez F, Lamprecht G, et al. Short-term regulation of NHE3 by EGF and protein kinase C but not protein kinase A involves vesicle trafficking in epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000, 915:30-42.
212. Janecki AJ, Janecki M, Akhter S, Donowitz M Basic fibroblast growth factor stimulates surface expression and activity of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE3 via mechanism involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:8133-8142.
213. + exchanger 3 (NHE3) activity by increasing its exocytosis by an NHE3 kinase A regulatory protein-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem 2003, 278:16494-16501.
214. Peng Y, Amemiya M, Yang X, Fan L, Moe OW, Yin H, et al. ET(B) receptor activation causes exocytic insertion of NHE3 in OKP cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2001, 280:F34-42.
215. + exchanger NHE3 by parathyroid hormone via NHE3 phosphorylation and dynamin-dependent endocytosis. J Biol Chem 2000, 275:31601-31608.
216. + exchanger (NHE3) endocytosis via clathrin-coated vesicles: dependence on protein kinase A-mediated NHE3 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:26906-26915.
217. + diarrhea: a new type of secretory diarrhea. J Pediatr 1985, 106:56-61.
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221. Vazquez CM, Coleto R, Zanetti R, Ruiz-Gutierrez V Increased Na(+)-H+ exchanger activity in the ileal brush-border membrane of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cell Mol Life Sci 1997, 53:442-446.
222. Kelly MP, Quinn PA, Davies JE, Ng LL Activity and expression of Na(+)-H+ exchanger isoforms 1 and 3 in kidney proximal tubules of hypertensive rats. Circ Res 1997, 80:853-860.
223. Harris RC, Brenner BM, Seifter JL Sodium-hydrogen exchange and glucose transport in renal microvillus membrane vesicles from rats with diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1986, 77:724-733.
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225. Kunzelmann K, Mall M Electrolyte transport in the mammalian colon: mechanisms and implications for disease. Physiol Rev 2002, 82:245-289.
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228. Yeruva S, Farkas K, Hubricht J, Rode K, Riederer B, Bachmann O, et al. Preserved Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform 3 expression and localization, but decreased NHE3 function indicate regulatory sodium transport defect in ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010, 16:1149-1161.
229. Laubitz D, Larmonier CB, Bai A, Midura-Kiela MT, Lipko MA, Thurston RD, et al. Colonic gene expression profile in NHE3-deficient mice: evidence for spontaneous distal colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008, 295:G63-G77.
230. + exchanger knockout model of congenital diarrhea. J Biol Chem 2002, 277:49036-49046.
231. Bookstein C, Musch MW, DePaoli A, Xie Y, Villereal M, Rao MC, et al. A unique sodium-hydrogen exchange isoform (NHE-4) of the inner medulla of the rat kidney is induced by hyperosmolarity. J Biol Chem 1994, 269:29704-29709.
232. + exchanger isoform NHE4. Am J Physiol 1998, 275:F510-517.
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236. + exchanger isoform NHE4 in rat thick ascending limbs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2001, 281:F707-717.
237. Scholz W, Albus U, Counillon L, Gogelein H, Lang HJ, Linz W, et al. Protective effects of HOE642, a selective sodium-hydrogen exchange subtype 1 inhibitor, on cardiac ischaemia and reperfusion. Cardiovasc Res 1995, 29:260-268.
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240. + exchanger (NHE5/SLC9A5) to chromosome 16q22.1. Genomics 1995, 25:615-622.
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242. Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Ohira M, Kawarabayasi Y, Ohara O, et al. Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VI. The coding sequences of 80 new genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from cell line KG-1 and brain. DNA Res 1996, 3:321-329. 341-354.
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244. Garlid KD Mitochondrial cation transport: a progress report. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1994, 26:537-542.
245. Brett CL, Wei Y, Donowitz M, Rao R Human Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoform 6 is found in recycling endosomes of cells, not in mitochondria. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2002, 282:C1031-1041.
246. Miyazaki E, Sakaguchi M, Wakabayashi S, Shigekawa M, Mihara K NHE6 protein possesses a signal peptide destined for endoplasmic reticulum membrane and localizes in secretory organelles of the cell. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:49221-49227.
247. + exchanger isoform 6 are regulated by interaction with RACK1. J Biol Chem 2008, 283:4417-4429.
248. Liu L, Schlesinger PH, Slack NM, Friedman PA, Blair HC High capacity Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity in mineralizing osteoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2010.
249. Gilfillan GD, Selmer KK, Roxrud I, Smith R, Kyllerman M, Eiklid K, et al. SLC9A6 mutations cause X-linked mental retardation, microcephaly, epilepsy, and ataxia, a phenotype mimicking Angelman syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2008, 82:1003-1010.
250. + exchanger NHE6 in the endosomal recycling system is involved in the development of apical bile canalicular surface domains in HepG2 cells. Mol Biol Cell 2010, 21:1293-1304.
251. + exchanger isoform NHE8. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003, 284:F467-473.
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253. Collins JF, Xu H, Kiela PR, Zeng J, Ghishan FK Functional and molecular characterization of NHE3 expression during ontogeny in rat jejunal epithelium. Am J Physiol 1997, 273:C1937-1946.
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256. Wang C, Xu H, Chen H, Li J, Zhang B, Tang C, et al. Somatostatin stimulates intestinal NHE8 expression via p38 MAPK pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010.
257. de Silva MG, Elliott K, Dahl HH, Fitzpatrick E, Wilcox S, Delatycki M, et al. Disruption of a novel member of a sodium/hydrogen exchanger family and DOCK3 is associated with an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-like phenotype. J Med Genet 2003, 40:733-740.
258. Fisher SE, Francks C, McCracken JT, McGough JJ, Marlow AJ, MacPhie IL, et al. A genomewide scan for loci involved in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2002, 70:1183-1196.
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261. + antiporter in salivary acinar cells. J Biol Chem 1997, 272:287-294.
262. Oehlke O, Sprysch P, Rickmann M, Roussa E Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoforms are differentially regulated in rat submandibular gland during acid/base disturbances in vivo. Cell Tissue Res 2006, 323:253-262.
263. + exchanger-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2001, 276:27042-27050.
264. Evans RL, Bell SM, Schultheis PJ, Shull GE, Melvin JE Targeted disruption of the Nhe1 gene prevents muscarinic agonist-induced up-regulation of Na(+)/H(+) exchange in mouse parotid acinar cells. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:29025-29030.
265. + exchanger isoforms by P2 receptors in the rat submandibular gland duct. J Physiol 1998, 513(Pt 2):341-357.
266. He X, Tse CM, Donowitz M, Alper SL, Gabriel SE, Baum BJ Polarized distribution of key membrane transport proteins in the rat submandibular gland. Pflugers Arch 1997, 433:260-268.
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269. Koch KS, Leffert HL Increased sodium ion influx is necessary to initiate rat hepatocyte proliferation. Cell 1979, 18:153-163.
270. Moseley RH, Barrett C, Boyer JL Sodium-proton exchanged activity is enhanced in liver plasma membrane vesicles derived from partially hepatectomized rats. Gastroenterology 1986, 90:1749.
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272. + exchanger by hepatocyte growth factor in hepatocytes. Hepatology 1995, 22:629-636.
273. + exchanger activation with epidermal growth factor in hepatocytes. Hepatology 1994, 20:966-974.
274. Lee CH, Cragoe EJ, Edwards AM Control of hepatocyte DNA synthesis by intracellular pH and its role in the action of tumor promoters. J Cell Physiol 2003, 195:61-69.
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277. Benedetti A, Di Sario A, Casini A, Ridolfi F, Bendia E, Pigini P, et al. Inhibition of the NA(+)/H(+) exchanger reduces rat hepatic stellate cell activity and liver fibrosis: an in vitro and in vivo study. Gastroenterology 2001, 120:545-556.
278. Häussinger D Liver fibrosis and NA(+)/H(+) exchange. Gastroenterology 2001, 120:572-575.
279. + exchange inhibition by cariporide reduces liver fibrosis in the rat. Hepatology 2003, 37:256-266.
280. + exchange inhibitor: a new therapeutic approach for hepatic ischemia injury in rats. Transplant Proc 2003, 35:3134-3135.
281. + exchanger inhibitor, FR183998, has protective effect in lethal acute liver failure and prevents iNOS induction in rats. J Hepatol 2008, 48:289-299.
282. + exchanger mediates TNF-alpha-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via the calpain-dependent degradation of Bcl-xL. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009, 24:879-885.
283. Bogert PT, LaRusso NF Cholangiocyte biology. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2007, 23:299-305.
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286. + exchangers and an apical cAMP-independent Cl-channel indicate that both absorptive and secretory functions are present in calf gall bladder epithelium. Exp Physiol 2001, 86:571-583.
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288. Giurgiu DI, Saunders-Kirkwood KD, Roslyn JJ, Abedin MZ Sequential changes in biliary lipids and gallbladder ion transport during gallstone formation. Ann Surg 1997, 225:382-390.
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