Impact of tat genetic variation on HIV-1 disease

Advances in Virology

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Li, Luna ^a   Dahiya, Satinder ^a   Kortagere, Sandhya ^a   Aiamkitsumrit, Benjamas ^a   Cunningham, David ^a   Pirrone, Vanessa ^a   Nonnemacher, Michael R ^a   Wigdahl, Brian ^a  

^a DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1;

EID: 84873863865     PISSN: 16878639     EISSN: 16878647     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/123605     Document Type: Review

References (213)

1. Garcia J. A., Harrich D., Soultanakis E., Wu F., Mitsuyasu R., Gaynor R. B., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 LTR TATA and TAR region sequences required for transcriptional regulation. EMBO Journal 1989 8 3 765 778 2-s2.0-0024454740 (Pubitemid 19273248)
2. Rana T. M., Jeang K. T., Biochemical and functional interactions between HIV-1 Tat protein and TAR RNA. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 1999 365 2 175 185 2-s2.0-0033562094 10.1006/abbi.1999.1206 (Pubitemid 29391624)
3. Fields B. N., Knipe D. M., Howley P. M., Fields' Virology 2007 5th Philadelphia, Pa, USA Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
4. Jeang K. T., Xiao H., Rich E. A., Multifaceted activities of the HIV-1 transactivator of transcription, tat. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999 274 41 28837 28840 2-s2.0-0032855497 10.1074/jbc.274.41.28837 (Pubitemid 29477031)
5. Barre-Sinoussi F., Chermann J. C., Rey F., Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Science 1983 220 4599 868 871 2-s2.0-0020596551 (Pubitemid 13080157)
6. Rosen C. A., Sodroski J. G., Goh W. C., Post-transcriptional regulation accounts for the trans-activation of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III. Nature 1986 319 6054 555 559 2-s2.0-0022571442 (Pubitemid 16110944)
7. Strazza M., Pirrone V., Wigdahl B., Nonnemacher M. R., Breaking down the barrier: the effects of HIV-1 on the blood-brain barrier. Brain Research 2011 1399 96 115 2-s2.0-79958820845 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.015
8. López-Huertas M. R., Callejas S., Abia D., Mateos E., Dopazo A., Alcamí J., Coiras M., Modifications in host cell cytoskeleton structure and function mediated by intracellular HIV-1 Tat protein are greatly dependent on the second coding exon. Nucleic Acids Research 2010 38 10 3287 3307 2-s2.0-77953715510 10.1093/nar/gkq037
9. Kuppuswamy M., Subramanian T., Srinivasan A., Chinnadurai G., Multiple functional domains of tat, the trans-activator of HIV-1, defined by mutational analysis. Nucleic Acids Research 1989 17 9 3551 3561 2-s2.0-0024591269 (Pubitemid 19120452)
10. Kalantari P., Narayan V., Natarajan S. K., Muralidhar K., Gandhi U. H., Vunta H., Henderson A. J., Prabhu K. S., Thioredoxin reductase-1 negatively regulates HIV-1 transactivating protein Tat-dependent transcription in human macrophages. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2008 283 48 33183 33190 2-s2.0-57749099233 10.1074/jbc.M807403200
11. Dingwall C., Ernberg I., Gait M. J., Green S. M., Heaphy S., Karn J., Lowe A. D., Singh M., Skinner M. A., Valerio R., Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Tat protein binds trans-activation-responsive region (TAR) RNA in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1989 86 18 6925 6929 2-s2.0-0024445417 (Pubitemid 19240844)
12. Roy S., Delling U., Chen C. H., Rosen C. A., Sonenberg N., A bulge structure in HIV-1 TAR RNA is required for Tat binding and Tat-mediated trans-activation. Genes and Development 1990 4 8 1365 1373 2-s2.0-0025162336
13. Weeks K. M., Crothers D. M., RNA recognition by Tat-derived peptides: interaction in the major groove? Cell 1991 66 3 577 588 2-s2.0-0025996720 (Pubitemid 121001393)
14. Ruben S., Perkins A., Purcell R., Joung K., Sia R., Burghoff R., Haseltine W. A., Rosen C. A., Structural and functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein. Journal of Virology 1989 63 1 1 8 2-s2.0-0024494215 (Pubitemid 19028076)
15. Hauber J., Malim M. H., Cullen B. R., Mutational analysis of the conserved basic domain of human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein. Journal of Virology 1989 63 3 1181 1187 2-s2.0-0024594466 (Pubitemid 19061359)
16. Schwarze S. R., Hruska K. A., Dowdy S. F., Protein transduction: unrestricted delivery into all cells? Trends in Cell Biology 2000 10 7 290 295 2-s2.0-0034237577 10.1016/S0962-8924(00)01771-2 (Pubitemid 30387038)
17. Schwarze S. R., Dowdy S. F., In vivo protein transduction: intracellular delivery of biologically active proteins, compounds and DNA. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 2000 21 2 45 48 2-s2.0-0034141430 10.1016/S0165- 6147(99)01429-7 (Pubitemid 30100337)
18. Smith S. M., Pentlicky S., Klase Z., Singh M., Neuveut C., Lu C. Y., Reitz M. S., Yarchoan R., Marx P. A., Jeang K. T., An in vivo replication-important function in the second coding exon of Tat is constrained against mutation despite cytotoxic T lymphocyte selection. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2003 278 45 44816 44825 2-s2.0-0242342409 10.1074/jbc.M307546200 (Pubitemid 37377240)
19. Fiorelli V., Barillari G., Toschi E., Sgadari C., Monini P., Stürzl M., Ensoli B., IFN- γ induces endothelial cells to proliferate and to invade the extracellular matrix in response to the HIV-1 Tat protein: implications for AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis. Journal of Immunology 1999 162 2 1165 1170 2-s2.0-0033555401 (Pubitemid 29035449)
20. Barillari G., Sgadari C., Fiorelli V., Samaniego F., Colombini S., Manzari V., Modesti A., Nair B. C., Cafaro A., Stürzl M., Ensoli B., The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 promotes vascular cell growth and locomotion by engaging the α 5 β 1 and α v β 3 integrins and by mobilizing sequestered basic fibroblast growth factor. Blood 1999 94 2 663 672 2-s2.0-0033566297 (Pubitemid 29323880)
21. Neuveut C., Scoggins R. M., Camerini D., Markham R. B., Jeang K. T., Requirement for the second coding exon of Tat in the optimal replication of macrophage-tropic HIV-1. Journal of Biomedical Science 2003 10 6, part 1 651 660 2-s2.0-0242331179 10.1159/000073531
22. Mahlknecht U., Dichamp I., Varin A., van Lint C., Herbein G., NF- B-dependent control of HIV-1 transcription by the second coding exon of Tat in T cells. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 2008 83 3 718 727 2-s2.0-43349095840 10.1189/jlb.0607405 (Pubitemid 351966882)
23. Chao S. H., Fujinaga K., Marion J. E., Taube R., Sausville E. A., Senderowicz A. M., Peterlin B. M., Price D. H., Flavopiridol inhibits P-TEFb and blocks HIV-1 replication. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000 275 37 28345 28348 2-s2.0-0034665961
24. Mancebo H. S. Y., Lee G., Flygare J., Tomassini J., Luu P., Zhu Y., Peng J., Blau C., Hazuda D., Price D., Flores O., P-TEFb kinase is required for HIV Tat transcriptional activation in vivo and in vitro. Genes and Development 1997 11 20 2633 2644 2-s2.0-14444281157 (Pubitemid 27452387)
25. Benson C., White J., de Bono J., O'Donnell A., Raynaud F., Cruickshank C., McGrath H., Walton M., Workman P., Kaye S., Cassidy J., Gianella-Borradori A., Judson I., Twelves C., A phase I trial of the selective oral cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor seliciclib (CYC202; R-Roscovitine), administered twice daily for 7 days every 21 days. British Journal of Cancer 2007 96 1 29 37 2-s2.0-33846254185 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603509 (Pubitemid 46094635)
26. Arzumanov A., Walsh A. P., Rajwanshi V. K., Kumar R., Wengel J., Gait M. J., Inhibition of HIV-1 Tat-dependent trans activation by steric block chimeric 2'-O-methyl/LNA oligoribonucleotides. Biochemistry 2001 40 48 14645 14654 2-s2.0-0035807863 10.1021/bi011279e (Pubitemid 33111748)
27. Vickers T., Baker B. F., Cook P. D., Zounes M., Buckheit R. W., Germany J., Ecker D. J., Inhibition of HIV-LTR gene expression by oligonucleotides targeted to the TAR element. Nucleic Acids Research 1991 19 12 3359 3368 2-s2.0-0025834035 (Pubitemid 21912694)
28. Kaushik N., Basu A., Pandey V. N., Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by anti-trans-activation responsive polyamide nucleotide analog. Antiviral Research 2002 56 1 13 27 2-s2.0-0036775938 10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00024-4 (Pubitemid 35248105)
29. Lind K. E., Du Z., Fujinaga K., Peterlin B. M., James T. L., Structure-based computational database screening, in vitro assay, and NMR assessment of compounds that target TAR RNA. Chemistry and Biology 2002 9 2 185 193 2-s2.0-0036008846 10.1016/S1074-5521(02)00106-0 (Pubitemid 34196656)
30. Shoji S., Furuishi K., Ogata A., Yamataka K., Tachibana K., Mukai R., Uda A., Harano K., Matsushita S., Misumi S., An allosteric drug, o,o'-bismyristoyl thiamine disulfide, suppresses HIV-1 replication through prevention of nuclear translocation of both HIV-1 Tat and NF- B. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1998 249 3 745 753 2-s2.0-0032575567 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9221 (Pubitemid 28441910)
31. Friedler A., Friedler D., Luedtke N. W., Tor Y., Loyter A., Gilon C., Development of a functional backbone cyclic mimetic of the HIV-1 Tat arginine-rich motif. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000 275 31 23783 23789 2-s2.0-0034604597 10.1074/jbc.M002200200 (Pubitemid 30627457)
32. Choudhury I., Wang J., Rabson A. B., Stein S., Pooyan S., Stein S., Leibowitz M. J., Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a Tat RNA-binding domain peptide analog. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 1998 17 2 104 111 2-s2.0-0032005403
33. Hamy F., Felder E. R., Heizmann G., Lazdins J., Aboul-Ela F., Varani G., Karn J., Klimkait T., An inhibitor of the Tat/TAR RNA interaction that effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 94 8 3548 3553 2-s2.0-0030976612 10.1073/pnas.94.8.3548 (Pubitemid 27180409)
34. Hamy F., Brondani V., Flörsheimer A., Stark W., Blommers M. J. J., Klimkait T., A new class of HIV-1 Tat antagonist acting through Tat-TAR inhibition. Biochemistry 1998 37 15 5086 5095 2-s2.0-0032515908 10.1021/bi972947s (Pubitemid 28176509)
35. Gelus N., Bailly C., Hamy F., Klimkait T., Wilson W. D., Boykin D. W., Inhibition of HIV-1 Tat-TAR interaction by diphenylfuran derivatives: effects of the terminal basic side chains. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 1999 7 6 1089 1096 2-s2.0-0033013426 10.1016/S0968-0896(99)00041-3 (Pubitemid 29281610)
36. Pearson L., Garcia J., Wu F., Modesti N., Nelson J., Gaynor R., A transdominant Tat mutant that inhibits Tat-induced gene expression from the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1990 87 13 5079 5083 2-s2.0-0025324686 10.1073/pnas.87.13.5079 (Pubitemid 20224276)
37. Litovchick A., Lapidot A., Eisenstein M., Kalinkovich A., Borkow G., Neomycin B-arginine conjugate, a novel HIV-1 Tat antagonist: synthesis and anti-HIV activities. Biochemistry 2001 40 51 15612 15623 2-s2.0-0035951091 10.1021/bi0108655 (Pubitemid 34015188)
38. Chandra A., Demirhan I., Arya S. K., Chandra P., D-penicillamine inhibits transactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) LTR by transactivator protein. FEBS Letters 1988 236 2 282 286 2-s2.0-0023780101
39. Hamy F., Gelus N., Zeller M., Lazdins J. L., Bailly C., Klimkait T., Blocking HIV replication by targeting Tat protein. Chemistry and Biology 2000 7 9 669 676 2-s2.0-0033830893 10.1016/S1074-5521(00)00012-0
40. Rusnati M., Tulipano G., Spillmann D., Tanghetti E., Oreste P., Zoppetti G., Giacca M., Presta M., Multiple interactions of HIV-I Tat protein with size-defined heparin oligosaccharides. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999 274 40 28198 28205 2-s2.0-0033215196 10.1074/jbc.274.40.28198 (Pubitemid 29472936)
41. Hsu M. C., Dhingra U., Earley J. V., Holly M., Keith D., Nalin C. M., Richou A. R., Schutt A. D., Tam S. Y., Potash M. J., Volsky D. J., Richman D. D., Inhibition of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus replication by a Tat antagonist to which the virus remains sensitive after prolonged exposure in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993 90 14 6395 6399 2-s2.0-0027293804 (Pubitemid 23207219)
42. Hsu M. C., Schutt A. D., Holly M., Slice L. W., Sherman M. I., Richman D. D., Potash M. J., Volsky D. J., Inhibition of HIV replication in acute and chronic infections in vitro by a Tat antagonist. Science 1991 254 5039 1799 1802 2-s2.0-0026337736 (Pubitemid 21917531)
43. Butera S. T., Roberts B. D., Critchfield J. W., Fang G., McQuade T., Gracheck S. J., Folks T. M., Compounds that target novel cellular components involved in HIV-1 transcription. Molecular Medicine 1995 1 7 758 767 2-s2.0-0029401860
44. Turpin J. A., Buckheit R. W., Derse D., Hollingshead M., Williamson K., Palamone C., Osterling M. C., Hill S. A., Graham L., Schaeffer C. A., Bu M., Huang M., Cholody W. M., Michejda C. J., Rice W. G., Inhibition of acute-, latent-, and chronic-phase human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by a bistriazoloacridone analog that selectively inhibits HIV-1 transcription. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1998 42 3 487 494 2-s2.0-0031893416 (Pubitemid 28114797)
45. Baba M., Okamoto M., Makino M., Kimura Y., Ikeuchi T., Sakaguchi T., Okamoto T., Potent and selective inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription by piperazinyloxoquinoline derivatives. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1997 41 6 1250 1255 2-s2.0-0030995059 (Pubitemid 27231422)
46. Baba M., Okamoto M., Kawamura M., Makino M., Higashida T., Takashi T., Kimura Y., Ikeuchi T., Tetsuka T., Okamoto T., Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication and cytokine production by fluoroquinoline derivatives. Molecular Pharmacology 1998 53 6 1097 1103 2-s2.0-0031866266 (Pubitemid 28280454)
47. Pereira L. A., Bentley K., Peeters A., Churchill M. J., Deacon N. J., A compilation of cellular transcription factor interactions with the HIV-1 LTR promoter. Nucleic Acids Research 2000 28 3 663 668 2-s2.0-0034142332 (Pubitemid 30068248)
48. Chiang C. M., Ge H., Wang Z., Hoffman A., Roeder G., Unique TATA-binding protein-containing complexes and cofactors involved in transcription by RNA polymerases II and III. EMBO Journal 1993 12 7 2749 2762 2-s2.0-0027284478 (Pubitemid 23218324)
49. Huh J. R., Park J. M., Kim M., Carlson B. A., Hatfield D. L., Lee B. J., Recruitment of TBP or TFIIB to a promoter proximal position leads to stimulation of RNA polymerase II transcription without activator proteins both in vivo and in vitro. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1999 256 1 45 51 2-s2.0-0033525789 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0280 (Pubitemid 29298914)
50. Ping Y. H., Rana T. M., DSIF and NELF interact with RNA polymerase II elongation complex and HIV-1 Tat stimulates P-TEFb-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and DSIF during transcription elongation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2001 276 16 12951 12958 2-s2.0-0035918157 10.1074/jbc.M006130200
51. Phelps C. B., Sengchanthalangsy L. L., Malek S., Ghosh G., Mechanism of B DNA binding by Rel/NF- B dimers. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2000 275 32 24392 24399 2-s2.0-0034637546 10.1074/jbc.M003784200 (Pubitemid 30626529)
52. Liu Y., Nonnemacher M. R., Wigdahl B., CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins and the pathogenesis of retrovirus infection. Future Microbiology 2009 4 3 299 321 2-s2.0-65549140316 10.2217/fmb.09.4
53. Ross H. L., Gartner S., McArthur J. C., Corboy J. R., McAllister J. J., Millhouse S., Wigdahl B., HIV-1 LTR C/EBP binding site sequence configurations preferenstially encountered in brain lead to enhanced C/EBP factor binding and increased LTR-specific activity. Journal of NeuroVirology 2001 7 3 235 249 2-s2.0-0034922779 10.1080/13550280152403281 (Pubitemid 32685258)
54. Ranjbar S., Tsytsykova A. V., Lee S. K., Rajsbaum R., Falvo J. V., Lieberman J., Shankar P., Goldfeld A. E., NFAT5 regulates HIV-1 in primary monocytes via a highly conserved long terminal repeat site. PLoS Pathogens 2006 2 12, article e130 2-s2.0-34250307535 10.1371/journal.ppat.0020130 (Pubitemid 46045204)
55. + T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 94 16 8714 8719 2-s2.0-0030833640 10.1073/pnas.94.16.8714 (Pubitemid 27335105)
56. Kilareski E. M., Shah S., Nonnemacher M. R., Wigdahl B., Regulation of HIV-1 transcription in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Retrovirology 2009 6, article 118 2-s2.0-74549196267 10.1186/1742-4690-6-118
57. Krebs F. C., Goodenow M. M., Wigdahl B., Neuroglial ATF/CREB factors interact with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat. Journal of NeuroVirology 1997 3 supplement 1 S28 S32 2-s2.0-0030920836 (Pubitemid 27232297)
58. Shah S., Nonnemacher M. R., Pirrone V., Wigdahl B., Innate and adaptive factors regulating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic activation. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology 2010 5 3 278 293 2-s2.0-77955984711 10.1007/s11481-010-9207-x
59. Alberts B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Walter P., Molecular Biology of the Cell 2002
60. Verdin E., Paras P. Jr., van Lint C., Chromatin disruption in the promoter of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 during transcriptional activation. EMBO Journal 1993 12 8 3249 3259 2-s2.0-0027258123 (Pubitemid 23232756)
61. Verdin E., DNase I-hypersensitive sites are associated with both long terminal repeats and with the intragenic enhancer of integrated human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Virology 1991 65 12 6790 6799 2-s2.0-0025837425
62. Jones K. A., Peterlin B. M., Control of RNA initiation and elongation at the HIV-1 promoter. Annual Review of Biochemistry 1994 63 717 743 2-s2.0-0028290825 (Pubitemid 24218647)
63. van Lint C., Amella C. A., Emiliani S., John M., Jie T., Verdin E., Transcription factor binding sites downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription start site are important for virus infectivity. Journal of Virology 1997 71 8 6113 6127 2-s2.0-0030788299 (Pubitemid 27304953)
64. Pumfery A., Deng L., Maddukuri A., de la Fuente C., Li H., Wade J. D., Lambert P., Kumar A., Kashanchi F., Chromatin remodeling and modification during HIV-1 Tat-activated transcription. Current HIV Research 2003 1 3 343 362 2-s2.0-2342467344
65. Berger S. L., Histone modifications in transcriptional regulation. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 2002 12 2 142 148 2-s2.0-0036532026 10.1016/S0959-437X(02)00279-4 (Pubitemid 34219485)
66. Cosma M. P., Ordered recruitment: gene-specific mechanism of transcription activation. Molecular Cell 2002 10 2 227 236 2-s2.0-0036671407 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00604-4 (Pubitemid 35007338)
67. Williams S. A., Chen L. F., Kwon H., Ruiz-Jarabo C. M., Verdin E., Greene W. C., NF- B p50 promotes HIV latency through HDAC recruitment and repression of transcriptional initiation. EMBO Journal 2006 25 1 139 149 2-s2.0-30444431914 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600900 (Pubitemid 43077303)
68. Coull J. J., Romerio F., Sun J. M., Volker J. L., Galvin K. M., Davie J. R., Shi Y., Hansen U., Margolis D. M., The human factors YY1 and LSF repress the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat via recruitment of histone deacetylase 1. Journal of Virology 2000 74 15 6790 6799 2-s2.0-0033929108 10.1128/JVI.74.15.6790-6799.2000 (Pubitemid 30470662)
69. Fischle W., Emiliani S., Hendzel M. J., Nagase T., Nomura N., Voelter W., Verdin E., A new family of human histone deacetylases related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae HDA1p. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999 274 17 11713 11720 2-s2.0-0033597115 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11713 (Pubitemid 29197834)
70. Bannister A. J., Zegerman P., Partridge J. F., Miska E. A., Thomas J. O., Allshire R. C., Kouzarides T., Selective recognition of methylated lysine 9 on histone H3 by the HP1 chromo domain. Nature 2001 410 6824 120 124 2-s2.0-0035282458 10.1038/35065138 (Pubitemid 32225848)
71. Cheutin T., McNairn A. J., Jenuwein T., Gilbert D. M., Singh P. B., Misteli T., Maintenance of stable heterochromatin domains by dynamic HP1 binding. Science 2003 299 5607 721 725 2-s2.0-0348150714 10.1126/science.1078572 (Pubitemid 36159490)
72. Grewal S. I. S., Moazed D., Heterochromatin and epigenetic control of gene expression. Science 2003 301 5634 798 802 2-s2.0-0042528729 10.1126/science.1086887 (Pubitemid 36962612)
73. Ishida T., Hamano A., Koiwa T., Watanabe T., 5' long terminal repeat (LTR)-selective methylation of latently infected HIV-1 provirus that is demethylated by reactivation signals. Retrovirology 2006 3, article 69 2-s2.0-33750426515 10.1186/1742-4690-3-69 (Pubitemid 44642564)
74. Copeland K. F. T., Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2005 5 12 1093 1101 2-s2.0-28444433470 (Pubitemid 41723566)
75. Krebs F. C., Miller S. R., Catalone B. J., Fichorova R., Anderson D., Malamud D., Howett M. K., Wigdahl B., Comparative in vitro sensitivities of human immune cell lines, vaginal and cervical epithelial cell lines, and primary cells to candidate microbicides nonoxynol 9, C31G, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2002 46 7 2292 2298 2-s2.0-0035984827 10.1128/AAC.46.7.2292-2298.2002 (Pubitemid 34665935)
76. Lassen K., Han Y., Zhou Y., Siliciano J., Siliciano R. F., The multifactorial nature of HIV-1 latency. Trends in Molecular Medicine 2004 10 11 525 531 2-s2.0-7244255971 10.1016/j.molmed.2004.09.006 (Pubitemid 39433821)
77. Liu J. O., The yins of T cell activation. Science's STKE 2005 2005 265 re1 2-s2.0-26944462054
78. Brady J., Kashanchi F., Tat gets the "green" light on transcription initiation. Retrovirology 2005 2, article 69 2-s2.0-27944487541 10.1186/1742-4690-2-69 (Pubitemid 41662767)
79. Dayton A. I., Sodroski J. G., Rosen C. A., The trans-activator gene of the human T cell lymphotropic virus type III is required for replication. Cell 1986 44 6 941 947 2-s2.0-0022500166 (Pubitemid 16045340)
80. Fisher A. G., Feinberg M. B., Josephs S. F., The trans-activator gene of HTLV-III is essential for virus replication. Nature 1986 320 6060 367 371 2-s2.0-0022470729 (Pubitemid 16077280)
81. Laspia M. F., Rice A. P., Mathews M. B., Synergy between HIV-1 Tat and adenovirus E1A is principally due to stabilization of transcriptional elongation. Genes and Development 1990 4 12 2397 2408 2-s2.0-0025649753 (Pubitemid 120026272)
82. Ghosh S., Selby M. J., Peterlin B. M., Synergism between Tat and VP16 in trans-activation of HIV-1 LTR. Journal of Molecular Biology 1993 234 3 610 619 2-s2.0-0027136214 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1615 (Pubitemid 24007790)
83. Cujec T. P., Okamoto H., Fujinaga K., Meyer J., Chamberlin H., Morgan D. O., Peterlin B. M., The HIV transactivator Tat binds to the CDK-activating kinase and activates the phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Genes and Development 1997 11 20 2645 2657 2-s2.0-0030856701 (Pubitemid 27452388)
84. García-Martínez L. F., Mavankal G., Neveu J. M., Lane W. S., Ivanov D., Gaynor R. B., Purification of a Tat-associated kinase reveals a TFIIH complex that modulates HIV-1 transcription. EMBO Journal 1997 16 10 2836 2850 2-s2.0-0039243885 10.1093/emboj/16.10.2836 (Pubitemid 27226220)
85. Parada C. A., Roeder R. G., Enhanced processivity of RNA polymerase II triggered by Tat-induced phosphorylation of its carboxy-terminal domain. Nature 1996 384 6607 375 378 2-s2.0-0029956642 10.1038/384375a0 (Pubitemid 26408522)
86. Berkhout B., Silverman R. H., Jeang K. T., Tat trans-activates the human immunodeficiency virus through a nascent RNA target. Cell 1989 59 2 273 282 2-s2.0-0024322804 (Pubitemid 19264373)
87. Muesing M. A., Smith D. H., Capon D. J., Regulation of mRNA accumulation by a human immunodeficiency virus trans-activator protein. Cell 1987 48 4 691 701 2-s2.0-0023614254 (Pubitemid 18096946)
88. Raha T., Cheng S. W., Green M. R., HIV-1 Tat stimulates transcription complex assembly through recruitment of TBP in the absence of TAFs. PLoS Biology 2005 3 2, article e44 2-s2.0-27744580458
89. Selby M. J., Bain E. S., Luciw P. A., Peterlin B. M., Structure, sequence, and position of the stem-loop in tar determine transcriptional elongation by Tat through the HIV-1 long terminal repeat. Genes & Development 1989 3 4 547 558 2-s2.0-0024651195
90. Churcher M. J., Lamont C., Hamy F., Dingwall C., Green S. M., Lowe A. D., Butler P. J. G., Gait M. J., Karn J., High affinity binding of TAR RNA by the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat protein requires base-pairs in the RNA stem and amino acid residues flanking the basic region. Journal of Molecular Biology 1993 230 1 90 110 2-s2.0-0027452957 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1128 (Pubitemid 23093550)
91. Zhu Y., Pe'ery T., Peng J., Ramanathan Y., Marshall N., Marshall T., Amendt B., Mathews M. B., Price D. H., Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb is required for HIV-1 Tat transactivation in vitro. Genes and Development 1997 11 20 2622 2632 2-s2.0-15144348173 (Pubitemid 27452386)
92. Wei P., Garber M. E., Fang S. M., Fischer W. H., Jones K. A., A novel CDK9-associated C-type cyclin interacts directly with HIV-1 Tat and mediates its high-affinity, loop-specific binding to TAR RNA. Cell 1998 92 4 451 462 2-s2.0-0032548918 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80939-3 (Pubitemid 28101109)
93. Zhou Q., Chen D., Pierstorff E., Luo K., Transcription elongation factor P-TEFb mediates Tat activation of HIV-1 transcription at multiple stages. EMBO Journal 1998 17 13 3681 3691 2-s2.0-0032127436 10.1093/emboj/17.13.3681 (Pubitemid 28327386)
94. + T lymphocytes by combination of cytokines. Journal of Virology 2001 75 23 11336 11343 2-s2.0-0035158637 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11336-11343.2001 (Pubitemid 33063224)
95. Emiliani S., Fischle W., Ott M., van Lint C., Amella C. A., Verdin E., Mutations in the Tat gene are responsible for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 postintegration latency in the U1 cell line. Journal of Virology 1998 72 2 1666 1670 2-s2.0-0031931047 (Pubitemid 28116960)
96. Emiliani S., van Lint C., Fischle W., Paras P., Ott M., Brady J., Verdin E., A point mutation in the HIV-1 Tat responsive element is associated with postintegration latency. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 93 13 6377 6381 2-s2.0-0029901662 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6377 (Pubitemid 26230313)
97. Yankulov K., Bentley D., Transcriptional control: Tat cofactors and transcriptional elongation. Current Biology 1998 8 13 R447 R449 2-s2.0-0032543570 (Pubitemid 28301152)
98. Das C., Edgcomb S. P., Peteranderl R., Chen L., Frankel A. D., Evidence for conformational flexibility in the Tat-TAR recognition motif of cyclin T1. Virology 2004 318 1 306 317 2-s2.0-1242342005 10.1016/j.virol.2003.10.003 (Pubitemid 38234282)
99. Jeeninga R. E., Hoogenkamp M., Armand-Ugon M., de Baar M., Verhoef K., Berkhout B., Functional differences between the long terminal repeat transcriptional promoters of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes A through G. Journal of Virology 2000 74 8 3740 3751 2-s2.0-0034030611 10.1128/JVI.74.8.3740-3751.2000 (Pubitemid 30180317)
100. Kurosu T., Mukai T., Auwanit W., Ayuthaya P. I. N., Saeng-Aroon S., Ikuta K., Variable sequences in the long terminal repeat and its downstream region of some of HIV type 1 CRF01-AE recently distributing among Thai carriers. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 2001 17 9 863 866 2-s2.0-0034919131 10.1089/088922201750252061 (Pubitemid 32692402)
101. Carr J. K., Salminen M. O., Koch C., Gotte D., Artenstein A. W., Hegerich P. A., Louis D. S., Burke D. S., McCutchan F. E., Full-length sequence and mosaic structure of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate from Thailand. Journal of Virology 1996 70 9 5935 5943 2-s2.0-0029840629 (Pubitemid 26266807)
102. Gao F., Robertson D. L., Morrison S. G., Hui H., Craig S., Decker J., Fultz P. N., Girard M., Shaw G. M., Hahn B. H., Sharp P. M., The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin. Journal of Virology 1996 70 10 7013 7029 2-s2.0-9544220664 (Pubitemid 26307416)
103. Montano M. A., Novitsky V. A., Blackard J. T., Cho N. L., Katzenstein D. A., Essex M., Divergent transcriptional regulation among expanding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes. Journal of Virology 1997 71 11 8657 8665 2-s2.0-0030793813 (Pubitemid 27446447)
104. de Arellano E. R., Soriano V., Holguin A., Genetic analysis of regulatory, promoter, and TAR regions of LTR sequences belonging to HIV type 1 non-B subtypes. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 2005 21 11 949 954 2-s2.0-28944451098 10.1089/aid.2005.21.949 (Pubitemid 41785782)
105. Montano M. A., Nixon C. P., Essex M., Dysregulation through the NF- B enhancer and TATA box of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E promoter. Journal of Virology 1998 72 10 8446 8452 2-s2.0-0031595932 (Pubitemid 28421854)
106. Scriba T. J., de Villiers T., Treurnicht F. K., zur Megede J., Barnett S. W., Engelbrecht S., van Rensburg E. J., Characterization of the South African HIV type 1 subtype C complete 5' long terminal repeat, nef, and regulatory genes. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 2002 18 2 149 159 2-s2.0-0036174276 10.1089/08892220252779692 (Pubitemid 34162561)
107. D'Orso I., Frankel A. D., Tat acetylation modulates assembly of a viral-host RNA-protein transcription complex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2009 106 9 3101 3106 2-s2.0-62549135623 10.1073/pnas.0900012106
108. Asamitsu K., Hibi Y., Imai K., Victoriano A. F. B., Kurimoto E., Kato K., Okamoto T., Functional characterization of human cyclin T1 N-terminal region for human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat transcriptional activation. Journal of Molecular Biology 2011 410 5 887 895 2-s2.0-79960349510 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.04. 061
109. Dahmus M. E., Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1995 1261 2 171 182 2-s2.0-0028924422 10.1016/0167-4781(94)00233-S
110. Svejstrup J. Q., Li Y., Fellows J., Gnatt A., Bjorklund S., Kornberg R. D., Evidence for a mediator cycle at the initiation of transcription. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 94 12 6075 6078 (Pubitemid 27270638)
111. D'Orso I., Grunwell J. R., Nakamura R. L., Das C., Frankel A. D., Targeting Tat inhibitors in the assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription complexes. Journal of Virology 2008 82 19 9492 9504 2-s2.0-52649144324 10.1128/JVI.00763-08
112. Marzio G., Tyagi M., Gutierrez M. I., Giacca M., HIV-1 Tat transactivator recruits p300 and CREB-binding protein histone acetyltransferases to the viral promoter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95 23 13519 13524 2-s2.0-0032506242 10.1073/pnas.95.23.13519 (Pubitemid 28523004)
113. Kharroubi A. E. L., Martin M. A., cis-acting sequences located downstream of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter affect its chromatin structure and transcriptional activity. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1996 16 6 2958 2966 2-s2.0-0029953664 (Pubitemid 26161302)
114. Deng L., de la Fuente C., Fu P., Wang L., Donnelly R., Wade J. D., Lambert P., Li H., Lee C. G., Kashanchi F., Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by CBP/P300 increases transcription of integrated HIV-1 genome and enhances binding to core histones. Virology 2000 277 2 278 295 2-s2.0-0034715791 10.1006/viro.2000.0593
115. Benkirane M., Chun R. F., Xiao H., Ogryzko V. V., Howard B. H., Nakatani Y., Jeang K. T., Activation of integrated provirus requires histone acetyltransferase: p300 and P/CAF are coactivators for HIV-1 tat. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1998 273 38 24898 24905 2-s2.0-0032544559 10.1074/jbc.273.38.24898 (Pubitemid 28454997)
116. Brès V., Kiernan R., Emiliani S., Benkirane M., Tat acetyl-acceptor lysines are important for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 replication. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002 277 25 22215 22221 2-s2.0-0037151085 10.1074/jbc.M201895200 (Pubitemid 34967187)
117. Brès V., Tagami H., Péloponèse J. M., Loret E., Jeang K. T., Nakatani Y., Emiliani S., Benkirane M., Kiernan R. E., Differential acetylation of Tat coordinates its interaction with the co-activators cyclin T1 and PCAF. EMBO Journal 2002 21 24 6811 6819 2-s2.0-12244271066 10.1093/emboj/cdf669 (Pubitemid 36014553)
118. van Lint C., Emiliani S., Ott M., Verdin E., Transcriptional activation and chromatin remodeling of the HIV-1 promoter in response to histone acetylation. EMBO Journal 1996 15 5 1112 1120 2-s2.0-0029919356 (Pubitemid 26077840)
119. Furia B., Deng L., Wu K., Baylor S., Kehn K., Li H., Donnelly R., Coleman T., Kashanchi F., Enhancement of nuclear factor- B acetylation by coactivator p300 and HIV-1 Tat proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002 277 7 4973 4980 2-s2.0-0037085383 10.1074/jbc.M107848200 (Pubitemid 34968536)
120. Wilson C. J., Chao D. M., Imbalzano A. N., Schnitzler G. R., Kingston R. E., Young R. A., RNA polymerase II holoenzyme contains SWI/SNF regulators involved in chromatin remodeling. Cell 1996 84 2 235 244 2-s2.0-0030033699 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80978-2 (Pubitemid 26040843)
121. Peterson C. L., Tamkun J. W., The SWI-SNF complex: a chromatin remodeling machine. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 1995 20 4 143 146 2-s2.0-0028987268 10.1016/S0968-0004(00)88990-2
122. Tréand C., Du Chéné I., Brès V., Kiernan R., Benarous R., Benkirane M., Emiliani S., Requirement for SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex in Tat-mediated activation of the HIV-1 promoter. EMBO Journal 2006 25 8 1690 1699 2-s2.0-33646130853 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601074
123. Mahmoudi T., Parra M., Vries R. G. J., Kauder S. E., Verrijzer C. P., Ott M., Verdin E., The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex is a cofactor for Tat transactivation of the HIV promoter. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2006 281 29 19960 19968 2-s2.0-33746021681 10.1074/jbc.M603336200 (Pubitemid 44065769)
124. Henderson A., Holloway A., Reeves R., Tremethick D. J., Recruitment of SWI/SNF to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter. Molecular and Cellular Biology 2004 24 1 389 397 2-s2.0-0346993663 10.1128/MCB.24.1.389-397. 2004 (Pubitemid 38010063)
125. Zhao K., Wang W., Rando O. J., Xue Y., Swiderek K., Kuo A., Crabtree G. R., Rapid and phosphoinositol-dependent binding of the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex to chromatin after T lymphocyte receptor signaling. Cell 1998 95 5 625 636 2-s2.0-0032567080 (Pubitemid 28544124)
126. Shen X., Xiao H., Ranallo R., Wu W. H., Wu C., Modulation of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes by inositol polyphosphates. Science 2003 299 5603 112 114 2-s2.0-0037414839 10.1126/science.1078068 (Pubitemid 36042414)
127. Steger D. J., Haswell E. S., Miller A. L., Wente S. R., O'Shea E. K., Regulation of chromatin remodeling by inositol polyphosphates. Science 2003 299 5603 114 116 2-s2.0-0037414868 10.1126/science.1078062 (Pubitemid 36042415)
128. Jeang K. T., Chun R., Lin N. H., Gatignol A., Glabe C. G., Fan H., In vitro and in vivo binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein and Sp1 transcription factor. Journal of Virology 1993 67 10 6224 6233 2-s2.0-0027260617 (Pubitemid 23277534)
129. Chun R. F., Semmes O. J., Neuveut C., Jeang K. T., Modulation of Sp1 phosphorylation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat. Journal of Virology 1998 72 4 2615 2629 2-s2.0-0031925242 (Pubitemid 28175495)
130. Chen D., Zhou Q., Tat activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcriptional elongation independent of TFIIH kinase. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1999 19 4 2863 2871 2-s2.0-0032935399 (Pubitemid 29144530)
131. Siliciano R. F., Greene W. C., HIV Latency. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine 2011 1 1, atricle a007096
132. Fujinaga K., Taube R., Wimmer J., Cujec T. P., Peterlin B. M., Interactions between human cyclin T, tat, and the transactivation response element (TAR) are disrupted by a cysteine to tyrosine substitution found in mouse cyclin T. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1999 96 4 1285 1290 2-s2.0-0033574077 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1285 (Pubitemid 29098443)
133. Ambrosino C., Ruocco M. R., Chen X., Mallardo M., Baudi F., Trematerra S., Quinto I., Venuta S., Scala G., HIV-1 Tat induces the expression of the interleukin-6 (IL6) gene by binding to the IL6 leader RNA and by interacting with CAAT enhancer-binding protein β (NF-IL6) transcription factors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1997 272 23 14883 14892 2-s2.0-0030914237 10.1074/jbc.272.23.14883 (Pubitemid 27251759)
134. Liu X., Jana M., Dasgupta S., Koka S., He J., Wood C., Pahan K., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat induces nitric-oxide synthase in human astroglia. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002 277 42 39312 39319 2-s2.0-0037131393 10.1074/jbc.M205107200 (Pubitemid 35190903)
135. Mukerjee R., Sawaya B. E., Khalili K., Amini S., Association of p65 and C/EBP β with HIV-1 LTR modulates transcription of the viral promoter. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2007 100 5 1210 1216 (Pubitemid 46480403)
136. Macián F., Rao A., Reciprocal modulatory interaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat and transcription factor NFAT1. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1999 19 5 3645 3653 2-s2.0-0032908409 (Pubitemid 29193824)
137. + T cells. PLoS Pathogens 2010 6 9, article e01103 2-s2.0-78149295173 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001103
138. Fields B. N., Fields' Virology 2001 4th Philadelphia, Pa, USA Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
139. Zhu T., Mo H., Wang N., Nam D. S., Cao Y., Koup R. A., Ho D. D., Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 in patients with primary infection. Science 1993 261 5125 1179 1181 2-s2.0-0027422278 (Pubitemid 23300886)
140. Opi S., Péloponèse J. M., Esquieu D., Campbell G., de Mareuil J., Walburger A., Solomiac M., Grégoire C., Bouveret E., Yirrell D. L., Loret E. P., Tat HIV-1 primary and tertiary structures critical to immune response against non-homologous variants. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002 277 39 35915 35919 2-s2.0-0037184124 10.1074/jbc.M204393200
141. van Marle G., Power C., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genetic diversity in the nervous system: evolutionary epiphenomenon or disease determinant? Journal of NeuroVirology 2005 11 2 107 128 2-s2.0-20744436235 10.1080/13550280590922838 (Pubitemid 40852419)
142. Siddappa N. B., Venkatramanan M., Venkatesh P., Janki M. V., Jayasuryan N., Desai A., Ravi V., Ranga U., Transactivation and signaling functions of Tat are not correlated: biological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 subtype-C Tat protein. Retrovirology 2006 3, article 53 2-s2.0-33748705388 10.1186/1742-4690-3-53 (Pubitemid 44390284)
143. Turk G., Carobene M., Monczor A., Rubio A. E., Gómez-Carrillo M., Salomón H., Higher transactivation activity associated with LTR and Tat elements from HIV-I BF intersubtype recombinant variants. Retrovirology 2006 3, article 14 2-s2.0-33746339482 10.1186/1742-4690-3-14 (Pubitemid 44110262)
144. Kurosu T., Mukai T., Komoto S., Ibrahim M. S., Li Y. G., Kobayashi T., Tsuji S., Ikuta K., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C exhibits higher transactivation activity of Tat than subtypes B and E. Microbiology and Immunology 2002 46 11 787 799 2-s2.0-0036443904 (Pubitemid 35428957)
145. Campbell G. R., Watkins J. D., Singh K. K., Loret E. P., Spector S. A., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C Tat fails to induce intracellular calcium flux and induces reduced tumor necrosis factor production from monocytes. Journal of Virology 2007 81 11 5919 5928 2-s2.0-34249815238 10.1128/JVI.01938-06 (Pubitemid 46847028)
146. Ranga U., Shankarappa R., Siddappa N. B., Ramakrishna L., Nagendran R., Mahalingam M., Mahadevan A., Jayasuryan N., Satishchandra P., Shankar S. K., Prasad V. R., Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C strains is a defective chemokine. Journal of Virology 2004 78 5 2586 2590 2-s2.0-10744233168 10.1128/JVI.78.5.2586-2590.2004 (Pubitemid 38228954)
147. Neogi U., Gupta S., Sahoo P. N., Genetic characterization of 5 HIV-1 Tat exon 1 from a southern Indian clinical cohort: identification of unique epidemiological signature residues. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. In press
148. Li L., Aiamkitsumrit B., Pirrone V., Nonnemacher M. R., Wojno A., Passic S., Flaig K., Kilareski E., Blakey B., Ku J., Parikh N., Shah R., Martin-Garcia J., Moldover B., Servance L., Downie D., Lewis S., Jacobson J. M., Kolson D., Wigdahl B., Development of co-selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in the viral promoter precedes the onset of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated neurocognitive impairment. Journal of NeuroVirology 2011 17 1 92 109 2-s2.0-79952941684 10.1007/s13365-010-0014-1
149. Spira S., Wainberg M. A., Loemba H., Turner D., Brenner B. G., Impact of clade diversity on HIV-1 virulence, antiretroviral drug sensitivity and drug resistance. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2003 51 2 229 240 2-s2.0-0037326239 10.1093/jac/dkg079 (Pubitemid 36231141)
150. Gao F., Robertson D. L., Carruthers C. D., Morrison S. G., Jian B., Chen Y., Barré-Sinoussi F., Girard M., Srinivasan A., Abimiku A. G., Shaw G. M., Sharp P. M., Hahn B. H., A comprehensive panel of near-full-length clones and reference sequences for non-subtype B isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Virology 1998 72 7 5680 5698 2-s2.0-0031776457 (Pubitemid 28283353)
151. Dey S. S., Xue Y., Joachimiak M. P., Mutual information analysis reveals coevolving residues in Tat that compensate for two distinct functions in HIV-1 gene expression. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2012 287 11 7945 7955
152. Huigen M. C. D. G., Kamp W., Nottet H. S. L. M., Multiple effects of HIV-1 trans-activator protein on the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2004 34 1 57 66 2-s2.0-1242269845 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01282.x (Pubitemid 38221740)
153. Banerjee A., Strazza M., Wigdahl B., Role of mu-opioids as cofactors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease progression and neuropathogenesis. Neurovirology 2011 17 4 291 302
154. Tan I. L., McArthur J. C., HIV-associated neurological disorders: a guide to pharmacotherapy. CNS Drugs 2012 26 2 123 134 2-s2.0-84856452536 10.2165/11597770-000000000-00000
155. Mothobi N. Z., Brew B. J., Neurocognitive dysfunction in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 2012 25 1 4 9
156. Power C., Gill M. J., Johnson R. T., Progress in clinical neurosciences: the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection: Host-virus interaction and the impact of therapy. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 2002 29 1 19 32 2-s2.0-0036194251 (Pubitemid 34263581)
157. Letendre S. L., Ellis R. J., Ances B. M., McCutchan J. A., Neurologic complications of HIV disease and their treatment. Topics in HIV Medicine 2010 18 2 45 55 2-s2.0-77955967541
158. Boven L., Noorbakhsh F., Bouma G., van der Zee R., Vargas D. L., Pardo C., McArthur J. C., Nottet H. S. L. M., Power C., Brain-derived human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat exerts differential effects on LTR transactivation and neuroimmune activation. Journal of NeuroVirology 2007 13 2 173 184 2-s2.0-34249066839 10.1080/13550280701258399 (Pubitemid 46780093)
159. Wong K., Sharma A., Awasthi S., Matlock E. F., Rogers L., van Lint C., Skiest D. J., Burns D. K., Harrod R., HIV-1 Tat interactions with p300 and PCAF transcriptional coactivators inhibit histone acetylation and neurotrophin signaling through CREB. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2005 280 10 9390 9399 2-s2.0-15744392761 10.1074/jbc.M408643200 (Pubitemid 40409632)
160. Conant K., Garzino-Demo A., Nath A., Mcarthur J. C., Halliday W., Power C., Gallo R. C., Major E. O., Induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in HIV-1 Tat-stimulated astrocytes and elevation in AIDS dementia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998 95 6 3117 3121 2-s2.0-0032539828 10.1073/pnas.95.6.3117 (Pubitemid 28135864)
161. Aksenova M. V., Silvers J. M., Aksenov M. Y., Nath A., Ray P. D., Mactutus C. F., Booze R. M., HIV-1 Tat neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat midbrain fetal neurons: changes in dopamine transporter binding and immunoreactivity. Neuroscience Letters 2006 395 3 235 239 2-s2.0-32244439965 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.10.095 (Pubitemid 43213152)
162. Buscemi L., Ramonet D., Geiger J. D., Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protein Tat induces tumor necrosis factor- α -mediated neurotoxicity. Neurobiology of Disease 2007 26 3 661 670 2-s2.0-34248592116 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.03.004 (Pubitemid 46756331)
163. Kutsch O., Oh J. W., Nath A., Benveniste E. N., Induction of the chemokines interleukin-8 and IP-10 by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat in astrocytes. Journal of Virology 2000 74 19 9214 9221 2-s2.0-0033807817 10.1128/JVI.74.19.9214-9221.2000
164. Williams R., Yao H., Dhillon N. K., Buch S. J., HIV-1 Tat co-operates with IFN- γ and TNF- α to increase CXCL10 in human astrocytes. PLoS ONE 2009 4 5, article e5709 2-s2.0-66549109772 10.1371/journal.pone.0005709
165. Bratanich A. C., Liu C., McArthur J. C., Fudyk T., Glass J. D., Mittoo S., Klassen G. A., Power C., Brain-derived HIV-1 Tat sequences from AIDS patients with dementia show increased molecular heterogeneity. Journal of NeuroVirology 1998 4 4 387 393 2-s2.0-0031825698 (Pubitemid 28395719)
166. Mayne M., Bratanich A. C., Chen P., Rana F., Nath A., Power C., HIV-1 Tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF- α: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease. NeuroImmunoModulation 1998 5 3-4 184 192 2-s2.0-0031697077 10.1159/000026336 (Pubitemid 28417031)
167. Cowley D., Gray L. R., Wesselingh S. L., Gorry P. R., Churchill M. J., Genetic and functional heterogeneity of CNS-derived Tat alleles from patients with HIV-associated dementia. Journal of NeuroVirology 2011 17 1 70 81 2-s2.0-79952958942 10.1007/s13365-010-0002-5
168. Hogan T. H., Stauff D. L., Krebs F. C., Gartner S., Quiterio S. J., Wigdahl B., Structural and functional evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat CCAAT/enhancer binding protein sites and their use as molecular markers for central nervous system disease progression. Journal of NeuroVirology 2003 9 1 55 68 2-s2.0-0037299334 (Pubitemid 36372546)
169. Ross H. L., Nonnemacher M. R., Hogan T. H., Quiterio S. J., Henderson A., McAllister J. J., Krebs F. C., Wigdahl B., Interaction between CCAAT/enhancer binding protein and cyclic amp response element binding protein 1 regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. Journal of Virology 2001 75 4 1842 1856 2-s2.0-0035135252 10.1128/JVI.75.4.1842-1856.2001 (Pubitemid 32110174)
170. Nonnemacher M. R., Irish B. P., Liu Y., Mauger D., Wigdahl B., Specific sequence configurations of HIV-1 LTR G/C box array result in altered recruitment of Sp isoforms and correlate with disease progression. Journal of Neuroimmunology 2004 157 1-2 39 47 2-s2.0-9644266837 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.08. 021 (Pubitemid 39576635)
171. Li L., Aiamkitsumrit B., Pirrone V., Nonnemacher M. R., Wojno A., Passic S., Flaig K., Kilareski E., Blakey B., Ku J., Parikh N., Shah R., Martin-Garcia J., Moldover B., Servance L., Downie D., Lewis S., Jacobson J. M., Kolson D., Wigdahl B., Development of co-selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in the viral promoter precedes the onset of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated neurocognitive impairment. Journal of NeuroVirology 2011 17 1 92 109 2-s2.0-79952941684 10.1007/s13365-010-0014-1
172. Johnston J. B., Zhang K., Silva C., HIV-1 Tat neurotoxicity is prevented by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. Annals of Neurology 2001 49 2 230 241 (Pubitemid 32157999)
173. Silva C., Zhang K., Tsutsui S., Holden J. K., Gill M. J., Power C., Growth hormone prevents human immunodeficiency virus-induced neuronal p53 expression. Annals of Neurology 2003 54 5 605 614 2-s2.0-0242321735 10.1002/ana.10729 (Pubitemid 37346067)
174. Burdo T. H., Gartner S., Mauger D., Wigdahl B., Region-specific distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeats containing specific configurations of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein site II in brains derived from demented and nondemented patients. Journal of NeuroVirology 2004 10 supplement 1 7 14 2-s2.0-1542315473 10.1080/13550280490270789 (Pubitemid 38325087)
175. Hogan T. H., Nonnemacher M. R., Krebs F. C., Henderson A., Wigdahl B., HIV-1 Vpr binding to HIV-1 LTR C/EBP cis-acting elements and adjacent regions is sequence-specific. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2003 57 1 41 48 2-s2.0-0037225814 10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00333-5 (Pubitemid 36315669)
176. Richter S. N., Palù G., Inhibitors of HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation. Current Medicinal Chemistry 2006 13 11 1305 1315 2-s2.0-33646534201 10.2174/092986706776872989
177. Siomi H., Shida H., Maki M., Hatanaka M., Effects of a highly basic region of human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein on nucleolar localization. Journal of Virology 1990 64 4 1803 1807 2-s2.0-0025239390 (Pubitemid 20104919)
178. Choudhury I., Wang J., Stein S., Rabson A., Leibowitz M. J., Translational effects of peptide antagonists of Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of General Virology 1999 80 part 3 777 782 2-s2.0-0033064823 (Pubitemid 29101234)
179. Cecchetti V., Parolin C., Moro S., Pecere T., Filipponi E., Calistri A., Tabarrini O., Gatto B., Palumbo M., Fravolini A., Palu G., 6-aminoquinolones as new potential anti-HIV agents. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2000 43 20 3799 3802 2-s2.0-0034609799 10.1021/jm9903390
180. Richter S., Parolin C., Gatto B., Del Vecchio C., Brocca-Cofano E., Fravolini A., Palù G., Palumbo M., Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat-trans-activation-responsive region interaction by an antiviral quinolone derivative. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2004 48 5 1895 1899 2-s2.0-2142753038 10.1128/AAC.48.5.1895-1899.2004 (Pubitemid 38544409)
181. Mei H. Y., Cui M., Heldsinger A., Lemrow S. M., Loo J. A., Sannes-Lowery K. A., Sharmeen L., Czarnik A. W., Inhibitors of protein-RNA complexation that target the RNA: specific recognition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TAR RNA by small organic molecules. Biochemistry 1998 37 40 14204 14212 2-s2.0-0032491152 10.1021/bi981308u (Pubitemid 28471256)
182. Stevens M., Pannecouque C., de Clercq E., Balzarini J., Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus by a new class of pyridine oxide derivatives. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2003 47 9 2951 2957 2-s2.0-0041421236 10.1128/AAC.47.9.2951-2957.2003 (Pubitemid 37040274)
183. Stevens M., Pannecouque C., de Clercq E., Balzarini J., Novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibitors that have a dual mode of anti-HIV action. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2003 47 10 3109 3116 2-s2.0-0141925605 10.1128/AAC.47.10.3109-3116.2003 (Pubitemid 37229565)
184. de Clercq E., Schols D., Inhibition of HIV infection by CXCR4 and CCR5 chemokine receptor antagonists. Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 2001 12 supplement 1 19 31 2-s2.0-0034817270
185. Gelus N., Hamy F., Bailly C., Molecular basis of HIV-1 TAR RNA specific recognition by an acridine Tat-antagonist. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 1999 7 6 1075 1079 2-s2.0-0032973905 10.1016/S0968-0896(99)00030-9 (Pubitemid 29281608)
186. Wang S., Huber P. W., Cui M., Czarnik A. W., Mei H. Y., Binding of neomycin to the TAR element of HIV-1 RNA induces dissociation of Tat protein by an allosteric mechanism. Biochemistry 1998 37 16 5549 5557 2-s2.0-0032554635 10.1021/bi972808a (Pubitemid 28241938)
187. Hamasaki K., Ueno A., Aminoglycoside antibiotics, neamine and its derivatives as potent inhibitors for the RNA-protein interactions derived from HIV-1 activators. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2001 11 4 591 594 2-s2.0-0035952260 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00005-1 (Pubitemid 32165239)
188. Jacque J. M., Triques K., Stevenson M., Modulation of HIV-1 replication by RNA interference. Nature 2002 418 6896 435 438 2-s2.0-0037173610 10.1038/nature00896 (Pubitemid 34826845)
189. Corbeau P., Interfering RNA and HIV: reciprocal interferences. PLoS Pathogens 2008 4 9, article e1000162 2-s2.0-53049101881 10.1371/journal.ppat. 1000162
190. Fulcher A. J., Jans D. A., The HIV-1 Tat transactivator protein: a therapeutic target? IUBMB Life 2003 55 12 669 680 2-s2.0-1642518291 10.1080/15216540310001643440 (Pubitemid 38120343)
191. Giacca M., The HIV-1 Tat protein: a multifaceted target for novel therapeutic opportunities. Current Drug Targets 2004 4 4 277 285 2-s2.0-7444268561 10.2174/1568008043339767 (Pubitemid 39445425)
192. Pirrone V., Wigdahl B., Krebs F. C., The rise and fall of polyanionic inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Antiviral Research 2011 90 3 168 182 2-s2.0-79955099301 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.03.176
193. Rusnati M., Taraboletti G., Urbinati C., Tulipano G., Giuliani R., Molinari-Tosatti M. P., Sennino B., Giacca M., Tyagi M., Albini A., Noonan D., Giavazzi R., Presta M., Thrombospondin-1/HIV-1 Tat protein interaction: modulation of the biological activity of extracellular Tat. FASEB Journal 2000 14 13 1917 1930 2-s2.0-0033820634
194. Corallini A., Betti M., Rusnati M., Campioni D., Ciomei M., Sola F., Calza N., Zauli G., Presta M., Barbanti-Brodano G., Caputo A., Characterization of the effects of two polysulfonated distamycin A derivatives, PNU145156E and PNU153429, on HIV type 1 Tat protein. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 1998 14 17 1561 1571 2-s2.0-0032553604 (Pubitemid 28527800)
195. Watson K., Gooderham N. J., Davies D. S., Edwards R. J., Interaction of the transactivating protein HIV-1 Tat with sulphated polysaccharides. Biochemical Pharmacology 1999 57 7 775 783 2-s2.0-0033003733 10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00352-9 (Pubitemid 29094548)
196. Zhao H., Li J., Jiang L., Inhibition of HIV-1 TAR RNA-Tat peptide complexation using poly(acrylic acid). Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2004 320 1 95 99 2-s2.0-2942659066 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.148 (Pubitemid 38781788)
197. Meredith L. W., Sivakumaran H., Major L., Suhrbier A., Harrich D., Potent inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a Tat mutant. PLoS ONE 2009 4 11, article e7769 2-s2.0-70450179897 10.1371/journal.pone.0007769
198. Ulich C., Harrich D., Estes P., Gaynor R. B., Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is enhanced by a combination of transdominant Tat and Rev proteins. Journal of Virology 1996 70 7 4871 4876 2-s2.0-0029934083 (Pubitemid 26187492)
199. Rossi C., Balboni P. G., Betti M., Marconi P. C., Bozzini R., Grossi M. P., Barbanti-Brodano G., Caputo A., Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a Tat transdominant negative mutant in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors and HIV-1-infected patients. Gene Therapy 1997 4 11 1261 1269 2-s2.0-0030832885 (Pubitemid 27493890)
200. Caputo A., Grossi M. P., Bozzini R., Rossi C., Betti M., Marconi P. C., Barbanti-Brodano G., Balboni P. G., Inhibition of HIV-1 replication and reactivation from latency by Tat transdominant negative mutants in the cysteine rich region. Gene Therapy 1996 3 3 235 245 2-s2.0-0029935710 (Pubitemid 26120425)
201. Goldstein G., Chicca J. J. II, A universal anti-HIV-1 Tat epitope vaccine that is fully synthetic and self-adjuvanting. Vaccine 2010 28 4 1008 1014 2-s2.0-73949092256 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.10.129
202. 19F intermolecular REDOR NMR study of the interaction of TAR RNA with Tat peptides. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2010 132 50 17643 17645 2-s2.0-78650294356 10.1021/ja1051439
203. Davidson A., Patora-Komisarska K., Robinson J. A., Varani G., Essential structural requirements for specific recognition of HIV TAR RNA by peptide mimetics of Tat protein. Nucleic Acids Research 2011 39 1 248 256 2-s2.0-78651315466 10.1093/nar/gkq713
204. Pirrone V., Thakkar N., Jacobson J. M., Wigdahl B., Krebs F. C., Combinatorial approaches to the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2011 55 5 1831 1842 2-s2.0-79955542814 10.1128/AAC.00976-10
205. Biglione S., Byers S. A., Price J. P., Nguyen V. T., Bensaude O., Price D. H., Maury W., Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by P-TEFb inhibitors DRB, seliciclib and flavopiridol correlates with release of free P-TEFb from the large, inactive form of the complex. Retrovirology 2007 4, article 47 2-s2.0-34548016988 10.1186/1742-4690-4-47 (Pubitemid 47277974)
206. Bai J., Sui J., Zhu R. Y., Tallarico A. S. C., Gennari F., Zhang D., Marasco W. A., Inhibition of Tat-mediated transactivation and HIV-1 replication by human anti-hCyclinT1 intrabodies. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2003 278 3 1433 1442 2-s2.0-0037449785 10.1074/jbc.M208297200 (Pubitemid 36801368)
207. Fujinaga K., Irwin D., Geyer M., Peterlin B. M., Optimized chimeras between kinase-inactive mutant Cdk9 and truncated cyclin T1 proteins efficiently inhibit Tat transactivation and human immunodeficiency virus gene expression. Journal of Virology 2002 76 21 10873 10881 2-s2.0-0036838641 10.1128/JVI.76.21.10873-10881.2002 (Pubitemid 35176204)
208. Yik J. H. N., Chen R., Nishimura R., Jennings J. L., Link A. J., Zhou Q., Inhibition of P-TEFb (CDK9/cyclin T) kinase and RNA polymerase II transcription by the coordinated actions of HEXIM1 and 7SK snRNA. Molecular Cell 2003 12 4 971 982 2-s2.0-0242361319 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00388-5 (Pubitemid 37352789)
209. Yik J. H. N., Chen R., Pezda A. C., Samford C. S., Zhou Q., A human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat-like arginine-rich RNA-binding domain is essential for HEXIM1 to inhibit RNA polymerase II transcription through 7SK snRNA-mediated inactivation of P-TEFb. Molecular and Cellular Biology 2004 24 12 5094 5105 2-s2.0-2942628287 10.1128/MCB.24.12.5094-5105.2004 (Pubitemid 38738148)
210. Dorr A., Kiermer V., Pedal A., Rackwitz H. R., Henklein P., Schubert U., Zhou M. M., Verdin E., Ott M., Transcriptional synergy between Tat and PCAF is dependent on the binding of acetylated Tat to the PCAF bromodomain. EMBO Journal 2002 21 11 2715 2723 2-s2.0-0037013851 10.1093/emboj/21.11.2715 (Pubitemid 34619387)
211. Ammosova T., Berro R., Jerebtsova M., Jackson A., Charles S., Klase Z., Southerland W., Gordeuk V. R., Kashanchi F., Nekhai S., Phosphorylation of HIV-1 Tat by CDK2 in HIV-1 transcription. Retrovirology 2006 3, article 78 2-s2.0-33751195065 10.1186/1742-4690-3-78 (Pubitemid 44773858)
212. Chiao C., Bader T., Stenger J. E., Baldwin W., Brady J., Barrett J. C., HIV type 1 Tat inhibits tumor necrosis factor α -induced repression of tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 and amplifies tumor necrosis factor α activity in stably Tat-transfected HeLa cells. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 2001 17 12 1125 1132 2-s2.0-0034832452 10.1089/088922201316912736 (Pubitemid 32881579)
213. Munoz-Fernandez M. A., Navarro J., Obregon E., Arias R. A., Gurbindo M. D., Sampelayo T. H., Fernandez-Cruz E., Immunological and virological markers of disease progression in HIV- infected children. Acta Paediatrica 1997 421 46 51 2-s2.0-0030745325 (Pubitemid 27305096)