메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 51, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 229-240

Impact of clade diversity on HIV-1 virulence, antiretroviral drug sensitivity and drug resistance

Author keywords

Clade; HIV; Resistance

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; DIDANOSINE; EFAVIRENZ; LAMIVUDINE; NEVIRAPINE; NUCLEOSIDE DERIVATIVE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; SAQUINAVIR; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 0037326239     PISSN: 03057453     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkg079     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (166)

References (122)
  • 1
    • 84983700484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. AIDS epidemic update [Online.] (June date last accessed)
    • Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. AIDS epidemic update. [Online.] http://www.unaids.org (June 2002, date last accessed).
    • (2002)
  • 2
    • 0013374586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants
    • 2nd edn (Essex, M., Mboup, S., Kanki, P. J., Marlink, P. J. & Tlou, S. D., Eds), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY, USA
    • Renjifo, B. & Essex, M. (2002). HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants. In AIDS in Africa, 2nd edn (Essex, M., Mboup, S., Kanki, P. J., Marlink, P. J. & Tlou, S. D., Eds), pp. 138-57. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY, USA.
    • (2002) AIDS in Africa , pp. 138-157
    • Renjifo, B.1    Essex, M.2
  • 4
    • 0001923450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombination in HIV-1: Update and implications
    • Quinones-Mateu, M. E. & Arts, E. J. (1999). Recombination in HIV-1: update and implications. AIDS Reviews 1, 89-100.
    • (1999) AIDS Reviews , vol.1 , pp. 89-100
    • Quinones-Mateu, M.E.1    Arts, E.J.2
  • 5
    • 20244374797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-full-length genome sequencing of divergent African HIV type 1 subtype F viruses leads to the identification of a new HIV type 1 subtype designated K
    • Triques, K., Bourgeois, A., Vidal, N., Mpoudi-Ngole, E., Mulanga-Kabeya, C., Nzilambi, N. et al. (2000). Near-full-length genome sequencing of divergent African HIV type 1 subtype F viruses leads to the identification of a new HIV type 1 subtype designated K. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 16, 139-51.
    • (2000) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 139-151
    • Triques, K.1    Bourgeois, A.2    Vidal, N.3    Mpoudi-Ngole, E.4    Mulanga-Kabeya, C.5    Nzilambi, N.6
  • 6
    • 0013330218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of HIV and AIDS
    • 2nd edn (Essex, M., Mboup, S., Kanki, P. J., Marlink, P. J. & Tlou, S. D., Eds), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY, USA
    • Piot, P. & Bartos, M. (2002). The epidemiology of HIV and AIDS. In AIDS in Africa, 2nd edn (Essex, M., Mboup, S., Kanki, P. J., Marlink, P. J. & Tlou, S. D., Eds), pp. 200-17. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY, USA.
    • (2002) AIDS in Africa , pp. 200-217
    • Piot, P.1    Bartos, M.2
  • 7
    • 0030984378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The puzzle of HIV-1 subtypes in Africa
    • Janssens, W., Buve, A. & Nkengasong, J. N. (1997). The puzzle of HIV-1 subtypes in Africa. AIDS 11, 705-12.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , pp. 705-712
    • Janssens, W.1    Buve, A.2    Nkengasong, J.N.3
  • 9
    • 8944253294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HIV infection in Gabon, 1986-1994
    • Delaporte, E., Janssens, W., Peeters, M., Buve, A., Dibanga, G., Perret, J. L. et al. (1996). Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HIV infection in Gabon, 1986-1994. AIDS 10, 903-10.
    • (1996) AIDS , vol.10 , pp. 903-910
    • Delaporte, E.1    Janssens, W.2    Peeters, M.3    Buve, A.4    Dibanga, G.5    Perret, J.L.6
  • 11
    • 0032198023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State of the HIV pandemic
    • Essex, M. (1998). State of the HIV pandemic. Journal of Human Virology 1, 427-9.
    • (1998) Journal of Human Virology , vol.1 , pp. 427-429
    • Essex, M.1
  • 12
    • 0032951903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C: A set of 23 full-length clones from Botswana
    • Novitsky, V. A., Montano, M. A., McLane, M. F., Renjifo, B., Vannberg, F., Foley, B. T. et al. (1999). Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C: a set of 23 full-length clones from Botswana. Journal of Virology 73, 4427-32.
    • (1999) Journal of Virology , vol.73 , pp. 4427-4432
    • Novitsky, V.A.1    Montano, M.A.2    McLane, M.F.3    Renjifo, B.4    Vannberg, F.5    Foley, B.T.6
  • 13
    • 0033982807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The explosive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic among injecting drug users of Kathmandu, Nepal, is caused by a subtype C virus of restricted genetic diversity
    • Oelrichs, R. B., Shrestha, I. L., Anderson, D. A. & Deacon, N. J. (2000). The explosive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic among injecting drug users of Kathmandu, Nepal, is caused by a subtype C virus of restricted genetic diversity. Journal of Virology 74, 1149-57.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 1149-1157
    • Oelrichs, R.B.1    Shrestha, I.L.2    Anderson, D.A.3    Deacon, N.J.4
  • 14
    • 0028131337 scopus 로고
    • The molecular epidemiology of HIV in Asia
    • Weniger, B. G., Takebe, Y., Ou, C. Y. & Yamazaki, S. (1994). The molecular epidemiology of HIV in Asia. AIDS 8, Suppl. 2, S13-28.
    • (1994) AIDS , vol.8 , pp. S13-S28
    • Weniger, B.G.1    Takebe, Y.2    Ou, C.Y.3    Yamazaki, S.4
  • 15
    • 0033934367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced infectivity of an R5-tropic simian/human immunodeficiency virus carrying human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C envelope after serial passages in pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina)
    • Chen, Z., Huang, Y., Zhao, X., Skulsky, E., Lin, D., Ip, J. et al. (2000). Enhanced infectivity of an R5-tropic simian/human immunodeficiency virus carrying human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C envelope after serial passages in pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). Journal of Virology 74, 6501-10.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 6501-6510
    • Chen, Z.1    Huang, Y.2    Zhao, X.3    Skulsky, E.4    Lin, D.5    Ip, J.6
  • 17
    • 0028314796 scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogeny of part of the env gene of HIV-1 strains isolated in Cote d'Ivoire
    • Janssens, W., Heyndrickx, L., Van de Peer, Y., Bouckaert, A., Fransen, K., Motte, J. et al. (1994). Molecular phylogeny of part of the env gene of HIV-1 strains isolated in Cote d'Ivoire. AIDS 8, 21-6.
    • (1994) AIDS , vol.8 , pp. 21-26
    • Janssens, W.1    Heyndrickx, L.2    Van de Peer, Y.3    Bouckaert, A.4    Fransen, K.5    Motte, J.6
  • 20
    • 0029090501 scopus 로고
    • The evolving molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 envelope subtypes in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand: Implications for HIV vaccine trials
    • Kalish, M. L., Baldwin, A., Raktham, S., Wasi, C., Luo, C. C., Schochetman, G. et al. (1995). The evolving molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 envelope subtypes in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand: implications for HIV vaccine trials. AIDS 9, 851-7.
    • (1995) AIDS , vol.9 , pp. 851-857
    • Kalish, M.L.1    Baldwin, A.2    Raktham, S.3    Wasi, C.4    Luo, C.C.5    Schochetman, G.6
  • 22
    • 0030707908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 subtype A infection in a New York community with high HIV prevalence: A sentinel site for monitoring HIV genetic diversity in North America
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Bronx Lebanon HIV Serosurvey Team
    • Irwin, K. L., Pau, C. P., Lupo, D., Pienazek, D., Luo, C. C., Olivo, N. et al. (1997). Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 subtype A infection in a New York community with high HIV prevalence: a sentinel site for monitoring HIV genetic diversity in North America. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Bronx Lebanon HIV Serosurvey Team. Journal of Infectious Diseases 176, 1629-33.
    • (1997) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.176 , pp. 1629-1633
    • Irwin, K.L.1    Pau, C.P.2    Lupo, D.3    Pienazek, D.4    Luo, C.C.5    Olivo, N.6
  • 24
    • 0028063444 scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: Evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology
    • Gao, F., Yue, L., Robertson, D. L., Hill, S. C., Hui, H., Biggar, R. J. et al. (1994). Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology. Journal of Virology 68, 7433-47.
    • (1994) Journal of Virology , vol.68 , pp. 7433-7447
    • Gao, F.1    Yue, L.2    Robertson, D.L.3    Hill, S.C.4    Hui, H.5    Biggar, R.J.6
  • 25
    • 0013419325 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of variation among international isolates in the highly immunogenic V3 region of the HIV-1 envelope protein
    • Korber, B., Gifford, A. & Myers, G. (1993). Patterns of variation among international isolates in the highly immunogenic V3 region of the HIV-1 envelope protein. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 9, Suppl. 1, S98.
    • (1993) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.9 , pp. S98
    • Korber, B.1    Gifford, A.2    Myers, G.3
  • 27
    • 0031776457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive panel of near-full-length clones and reference sequences for non-subtype B isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Gao, F., Robertson, D. L., Carruthers, C. D., Morrison, S. G., Jian, B., Chen, Y. et al. (1998). A comprehensive panel of near-full-length clones and reference sequences for non-subtype B isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Virology 72, 5680-98.
    • (1998) Journal of Virology , vol.72 , pp. 5680-5698
    • Gao, F.1    Robertson, D.L.2    Carruthers, C.D.3    Morrison, S.G.4    Jian, B.5    Chen, Y.6
  • 28
    • 0035984778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic divergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Ethiopian clade C reverse transcriptase (RT) and rapid development of resistance against non-nucleoside inhibitors of RT
    • Loemba, H., Brenner, B., Parniak, M. A., Ma'ayan, S., Spira, B., Moisi, D. et al. (2002). Genetic divergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Ethiopian clade C reverse transcriptase (RT) and rapid development of resistance against non-nucleoside inhibitors of RT. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, 2087-94.
    • (2002) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.46 , pp. 2087-2094
    • Loemba, H.1    Brenner, B.2    Parniak, M.A.3    Ma'ayan, S.4    Spira, B.5    Moisi, D.6
  • 29
    • 0036592080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-receptor usage and HIV-1 inter-clade C polymorphisms in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes of HIV-1 isolates from Ethiopia and Botswana
    • Loemba, H., Brenner, B., Parniak, M. A., Ma'ayan, S., Spira, B., Moisi, D. et al. (2002). Co-receptor usage and HIV-1 inter-clade C polymorphisms in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes of HIV-1 isolates from Ethiopia and Botswana. Antiviral Therapy 7, 141-8.
    • (2002) Antiviral Therapy , vol.7 , pp. 141-148
    • Loemba, H.1    Brenner, B.2    Parniak, M.A.3    Ma'ayan, S.4    Spira, B.5    Moisi, D.6
  • 30
    • 0036843080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphisms of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and T-helper epitopes within reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 subtype C from Ethiopia and Botswana following selection of antiretroviral drug resistance
    • Loemba, H., Brenner, B., Parniak, M. A., Ma'ayan, S., Spira, B., Moisi, D. et al. (2002). Polymorphisms of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and T-helper epitopes within reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 subtype C from Ethiopia and Botswana following selection of antiretroviral drug resistance. Antiviral Research 56, 129-42.
    • (2002) Antiviral Research , vol.56 , pp. 129-142
    • Loemba, H.1    Brenner, B.2    Parniak, M.A.3    Ma'ayan, S.4    Spira, B.5    Moisi, D.6
  • 31
  • 32
    • 0034030611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional differences between the long terminal repeat transcriptional promoters of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes A through G
    • Jeeninga, R. E., Hoogenkamp, M., Armand-Ugon, M., de Baar, M., Verhoef, K. & Berkhout, B. (2000). Functional differences between the long terminal repeat transcriptional promoters of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes A through G. Journal of Virology 74, 3740-51.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 3740-3751
    • Jeeninga, R.E.1    Hoogenkamp, M.2    Armand-Ugon, M.3    de Baar, M.4    Verhoef, K.5    Berkhout, B.6
  • 33
    • 0031005098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA sequence analysis of the long terminal repeat of the C subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Southern Africa reveals a dichotomy between B subtype and African subtypes on the basis of upstream NF-IL6 motif
    • Zacharova, V., Becker, M. L. B., Zachar, V., Ebbesen, P. & Goustin, A. S. (1997). DNA sequence analysis of the long terminal repeat of the C subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from Southern Africa reveals a dichotomy between B subtype and African subtypes on the basis of upstream NF-IL6 motif. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 13, 719-24.
    • (1997) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.13 , pp. 719-724
    • Zacharova, V.1    Becker, M.L.B.2    Zachar, V.3    Ebbesen, P.4    Goustin, A.S.5
  • 35
    • 0029156755 scopus 로고
    • C/EBP proteins activate transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat in macrophages/monocytes
    • Henderson, A. J., Zou, X. & Calame, K. L. (1995). C/EBP proteins activate transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat in macrophages/monocytes. Journal of Virology 69, 5337-44.
    • (1995) Journal of Virology , vol.69 , pp. 5337-5344
    • Henderson, A.J.1    Zou, X.2    Calame, K.L.3
  • 36
    • 0022196796 scopus 로고
    • Tissue selectivity of murine leukemia virus infection is determined by long terminal repeat sequences
    • Rosen, C. A., Haseltine, W. A., Lenz, J., Ruprecht, R. & Cloyd, M. W. (1985). Tissue selectivity of murine leukemia virus infection is determined by long terminal repeat sequences. Journal of Virology 55, 862-6.
    • (1985) Journal of Virology , vol.55 , pp. 862-866
    • Rosen, C.A.1    Haseltine, W.A.2    Lenz, J.3    Ruprecht, R.4    Cloyd, M.W.5
  • 37
    • 0032938988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of the nef gene from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M strains representing genetic subtypes A, B, C, E, F, G, and H
    • Jubier-Maurin, V., Saragosti, S., Perret, J. L., Mpoudi, E., Esu-Williams, E., Mulanga C. et al. (1999). Genetic characterization of the nef gene from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M strains representing genetic subtypes A, B, C, E, F, G, and H. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 15, 23-32.
    • (1999) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.15 , pp. 23-32
    • Jubier-Maurin, V.1    Saragosti, S.2    Perret, J.L.3    Mpoudi, E.4    Esu-Williams, E.5    Mulanga, C.6
  • 38
    • 0033052038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence variations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef are associated with different stages of disease
    • Kirchhoff, F., Easterbrook, P. J., Douglas, N., Troop, M., Greenough, T. C., Weber, J. et al. (1999). Sequence variations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef are associated with different stages of disease. Journal of Virology 73, 5497-508.
    • (1999) Journal of Virology , vol.73 , pp. 5497-5508
    • Kirchhoff, F.1    Easterbrook, P.J.2    Douglas, N.3    Troop, M.4    Greenough, T.C.5    Weber, J.6
  • 39
    • 0030820125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory genes: Requirement of a site in the nef gene for HIV-1 replication in activated CD4+ T cells in vitro and in vivo
    • Kawano, Y., Tanaka, Y., Misawa, N., Tanaka, R., Kira, J. I., Kimura, T. et al. (1997). Mutational analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory genes: requirement of a site in the nef gene for HIV-1 replication in activated CD4+ T cells in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Virology 71, 8456-66.
    • (1997) Journal of Virology , vol.71 , pp. 8456-8466
    • Kawano, Y.1    Tanaka, Y.2    Misawa, N.3    Tanaka, R.4    Kira, J.I.5    Kimura, T.6
  • 40
    • 0032993044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and use of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptors by human alveolar macrophages
    • Worgall, S., Connor, R., Kaner, R. J., Fenamore, E., Sheridan, K., Singh, R. et al. (1999). Expression and use of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptors by human alveolar macrophages. Journal of Virology 73, 5865-74.
    • (1999) Journal of Virology , vol.73 , pp. 5865-5874
    • Worgall, S.1    Connor, R.2    Kaner, R.J.3    Fenamore, E.4    Sheridan, K.5    Singh, R.6
  • 42
    • 0023896246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential syncytium-inducing capacity of human immunodeficiency virus isolates: Frequent detection of syncytium-inducing isolates in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex
    • Tersmette, M., De Goede, R. E. Y., Al, B. J., Winkel, I. N., Gruters, R. A., Cuypers, H. T. et al. (1998). Differential syncytium-inducing capacity of human immunodeficiency virus isolates: frequent detection of syncytium-inducing isolates in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex. Journal of Virology 62, 2026-32.
    • (1998) Journal of Virology , vol.62 , pp. 2026-2032
    • Tersmette, M.1    De Goede, R.E.Y.2    Al, B.J.3    Winkel, I.N.4    Gruters, R.A.5    Cuypers, H.T.6
  • 43
    • 0005014748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 facilitate infection by primary HIV-1 isolates
    • Choe, H., Farzan, M., Sun, Y., Sullivan, N., Rollins, B., Ponath, P. D. et al. (1996). The beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 facilitate infection by primary HIV-1 isolates. Cell 85, 1135-48.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.85 , pp. 1135-1148
    • Choe, H.1    Farzan, M.2    Sun, Y.3    Sullivan, N.4    Rollins, B.5    Ponath, P.D.6
  • 44
    • 0029417004 scopus 로고
    • Identification of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta as the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells
    • Cocchi, F., DeVico, A. L., Garzino-Demo, A., Arya, S. K., Gallo, R. C. & Lusso, P. (1995). Identification of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta as the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells. Science 270, 1811-5.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1811-1815
    • Cocchi, F.1    DeVico, A.L.2    Garzino-Demo, A.3    Arya, S.K.4    Gallo, R.C.5    Lusso, P.6
  • 45
    • 15844419153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1
    • Deng, H., Liu, R., Ellmeier, W., Choe, S., Unutmaz, D., Burkhart, M. et al. (1996). Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1. Nature 381, 661-6.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 661-666
    • Deng, H.1    Liu, R.2    Ellmeier, W.3    Choe, S.4    Unutmaz, D.5    Burkhart, M.6
  • 46
    • 0030604727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate that uses fusin and the beta-chemokine receptors CKR-5, CKR-3, and CKR-2b as fusion cofactors
    • Doranz, B. J., Rucker, J., Yi, Y., Smyth, R. J., Samson, M., Peiper, S. C. et al. (1996). A dual-tropic primary HIV-1 isolate that uses fusin and the beta-chemokine receptors CKR-5, CKR-3, and CKR-2b as fusion cofactors. Cell 85, 1149-58.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.85 , pp. 1149-1158
    • Doranz, B.J.1    Rucker, J.2    Yi, Y.3    Smyth, R.J.4    Samson, M.5    Peiper, S.C.6
  • 47
    • 0028798332 scopus 로고
    • Syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype suppression at seroconversion after intramuscular inoculation of a non-syncytium-inducing/SI phenotypically mixed human immunodeficiency virus population
    • Comelissen, M., Mulder-Kampinga, G., Veenstra, J., Zorgdrager, F., Kuiken, C., Hartman, S. et al. (1995). Syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype suppression at seroconversion after intramuscular inoculation of a non-syncytium-inducing/SI phenotypically mixed human immunodeficiency virus population. Journal of Virology 69, 1810-8.
    • (1995) Journal of Virology , vol.69 , pp. 1810-1818
    • Comelissen, M.1    Mulder-Kampinga, G.2    Veenstra, J.3    Zorgdrager, F.4    Kuiken, C.5    Hartman, S.6
  • 48
    • 0027406242 scopus 로고
    • Predictors of rapid progression to AIDS in HIV-1 seroconverters
    • Keet, I. P. M., Krijnen, P., Koot, M., Lange, J. M., Miedema, F., Goudsmit, J. et al. (1993). Predictors of rapid progression to AIDS in HIV-1 seroconverters. AIDS 7, 51-7.
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 51-57
    • Keet, I.P.M.1    Krijnen, P.2    Koot, M.3    Lange, J.M.4    Miedema, F.5    Goudsmit, J.6
  • 49
    • 0027218507 scopus 로고
    • Biological properties of HIV isolates in primary HIV infection: Consequences for the subsequent course of infection
    • Nielsen, C., Pederson, C., Lundgren, J. D. & Gerstoft, J. (1993). Biological properties of HIV isolates in primary HIV infection: consequences for the subsequent course of infection. AIDS 7, 1035-40.
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 1035-1040
    • Nielsen, C.1    Pederson, C.2    Lundgren, J.D.3    Gerstoft, J.4
  • 50
    • 0032519399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in chemokine coreceptor usage between genetic subtypes of HIV-1
    • Tscherning, C., Alaeus, A., Fredriksson, R., Bjorndal, A., Deng, H., Littman, D. R. et al. (1998). Differences in chemokine coreceptor usage between genetic subtypes of HIV-1. Virology 241, 181-8.
    • (1998) Virology , vol.241 , pp. 181-188
    • Tscherning, C.1    Alaeus, A.2    Fredriksson, R.3    Bjorndal, A.4    Deng, H.5    Littman, D.R.6
  • 51
    • 0032866483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtype C syncytium- and non-syncytium-inducing phenotypes and coreceptor usage among Ethiopian patients with AIDS
    • Abebe, A., Demissie, D., Goudsmit, J., Brouwer, M., Kuiken, C. L., Pollakis, G. et al. (1999). HIV-1 subtype C syncytium- and non-syncytium-inducing phenotypes and coreceptor usage among Ethiopian patients with AIDS. AIDS 13, 1305-11.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1305-1311
    • Abebe, A.1    Demissie, D.2    Goudsmit, J.3    Brouwer, M.4    Kuiken, C.L.5    Pollakis, G.6
  • 52
    • 16044364731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 subtype and second-receptor use
    • Zhang, L., Huang, Y., He, T., Cao, Y. & Ho, D. D. (1996). HIV-1 subtype and second-receptor use. Nature 383, 768.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 768
    • Zhang, L.1    Huang, Y.2    He, T.3    Cao, Y.4    Ho, D.D.5
  • 56
  • 57
    • 0032966973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What role does HIV-1 subtype play in transmission and pathogenesis? An epidemiological perspective
    • Hu, D. J., Buve, A., Baggs, J., van der Groen, G. & Dondero, T. J. (1999). What role does HIV-1 subtype play in transmission and pathogenesis? An epidemiological perspective. AIDS 13, 873-81.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 873-881
    • Hu, D.J.1    Buve, A.2    Baggs, J.3    van der Groen, G.4    Dondero, T.J.5
  • 58
    • 0345717207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 Langerhans' cell tropism associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV
    • Soto-Ramirez, L. E., Renjifo, B., McLane, M. F., Marlink, R., O'Hara, C., Sutthent, R. et al. (1996). HIV-1 Langerhans' cell tropism associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV. Science 271, 1291-3.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 1291-1293
    • Soto-Ramirez, L.E.1    Renjifo, B.2    McLane, M.F.3    Marlink, R.4    O'Hara, C.5    Sutthent, R.6
  • 59
    • 0030768770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Langerhans cell tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype A through F isolates derived from different transmission groups
    • Dittmar, M. T., Simmons, G., Hibbitts, S., O'Hare, M., Louisirirotchanakul, S., Beddows, S. et al. (1997). Langerhans cell tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype A through F isolates derived from different transmission groups. Journal of Virology 71, 8008-13.
    • (1997) Journal of Virology , vol.71 , pp. 8008-8013
    • Dittmar, M.T.1    Simmons, G.2    Hibbitts, S.3    O'Hare, M.4    Louisirirotchanakul, S.5    Beddows, S.6
  • 60
    • 0033027059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of naturally occurring basic amino acid substitutions in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E envelope V3 loop on viral coreceptor usage and cell tropism
    • Kato, K., Sato, H. & Takebe, Y. (1999). Role of naturally occurring basic amino acid substitutions in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E envelope V3 loop on viral coreceptor usage and cell tropism. Journal of Virology 73, 5520-6.
    • (1999) Journal of Virology , vol.73 , pp. 5520-5526
    • Kato, K.1    Sato, H.2    Takebe, Y.3
  • 61
    • 0025783669 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the envelope V3 loop as the primary determinant of cell tropism in HIV-1
    • Hwang, S. S., Boyle, T. J., Lyerly, H. K. & Cullen, B. R. (1991). Identification of the envelope V3 loop as the primary determinant of cell tropism in HIV-1. Science 253, 71-4.
    • (1991) Science , vol.253 , pp. 71-74
    • Hwang, S.S.1    Boyle, T.J.2    Lyerly, H.K.3    Cullen, B.R.4
  • 62
    • 0026702003 scopus 로고
    • Minimal requirements for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V3 domain to support the syncytium-inducing phenotype: Analysis by single amino acid substitution
    • de Jong, J. J., de Ronde, A., Keulen, W., Tersmette, M. & Goudsmit, J. (1992). Minimal requirements for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 V3 domain to support the syncytium-inducing phenotype: analysis by single amino acid substitution. Journal of Virology 66, 6777-80.
    • (1992) Journal of Virology , vol.66 , pp. 6777-6780
    • de Jong, J.J.1    de Ronde, A.2    Keulen, W.3    Tersmette, M.4    Goudsmit, J.5
  • 63
    • 0033962921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A group of V3 sequences from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E non-syncytium-inducing, CCR5-using variants are resistant to positive selection pressure
    • Shiino, T., Kato, K., Kodaka, N., Miyakuni, T., Takebe, Y. & Sato, H. (2000). A group of V3 sequences from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E non-syncytium-inducing, CCR5-using variants are resistant to positive selection pressure. Journal of Virology 74, 1069-78.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 1069-1078
    • Shiino, T.1    Kato, K.2    Kodaka, N.3    Miyakuni, T.4    Takebe, Y.5    Sato, H.6
  • 66
    • 0026551082 scopus 로고
    • Selective transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 variants from mothers to infants
    • Wolinsky, S. M., Wike, A. M., Korber, B. T. M., Hutto, C., Parks, W. P., Rosenblum, L. L. et al. (1992). Selective transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 variants from mothers to infants. Science 255, 1134-7.
    • (1992) Science , vol.255 , pp. 1134-1137
    • Wolinsky, S.M.1    Wike, A.M.2    Korber, B.T.M.3    Hutto, C.4    Parks, W.P.5    Rosenblum, L.L.6
  • 67
    • 0031015888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An association between HIV-1 subtypes and mode of transmission in Cape Town, South Africa
    • van Harmelen, J., Wood, R., Lambrick, M., Rybicki, E. P., Williamson, A. L. & Williamson, C. (1997). An association between HIV-1 subtypes and mode of transmission in Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS 11, 81-7.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , pp. 81-87
    • van Harmelen, J.1    Wood, R.2    Lambrick, M.3    Rybicki, E.P.4    Williamson, A.L.5    Williamson, C.6
  • 68
    • 0032946954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and disease stage among women in Nairobi, Kenya
    • Neilson, J. R., John, G. C., Carr, J. K., Lewis, P., Kreiss, J. K., Jackson, S. et al. (1999). Subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and disease stage among women in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Virology 73, 4393-403.
    • (1999) Journal of Virology , vol.73 , pp. 4393-4403
    • Neilson, J.R.1    John, G.C.2    Carr, J.K.3    Lewis, P.4    Kreiss, J.K.5    Jackson, S.6
  • 69
    • 0036569329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope subtypes A and D on disease progression in a large cohort of HIV-1-positive persons in Uganda
    • Kaleebu, P., French, N., Mahe, C., Yirrell, D., Watera, C., Lyagoba, F. et al. (2002). Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope subtypes A and D on disease progression in a large cohort of HIV-1-positive persons in Uganda. Journal of Infectious Diseases 185, 1244-50.
    • (2002) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.185 , pp. 1244-1250
    • Kaleebu, P.1    French, N.2    Mahe, C.3    Yirrell, D.4    Watera, C.5    Lyagoba, F.6
  • 71
    • 17344390474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adults with HIV infection: Implications for clinical management
    • International AIDS Society-USA Panel
    • Hirsch, M. S., Conway, B., D'Aquila, R. T., Johnson, V. A., Brun-Vezinet, F., Clotet, B. et al. (1998). Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adults with HIV infection: implications for clinical management. International AIDS Society-USA Panel. Journal of the American Medical Association 279, 1984-91.
    • (1998) Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.279 , pp. 1984-1991
    • Hirsch, M.S.1    Conway, B.2    D'Aquila, R.T.3    Johnson, V.A.4    Brun-Vezinet, F.5    Clotet, B.6
  • 72
    • 0032562985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public health implications of antiretroviral therapy and HIV drug resistance
    • Wainberg, M. A. & Friedland, G. (1999). Public health implications of antiretroviral therapy and HIV drug resistance. Journal of the American Medical Association 279, 1977-83.
    • (1999) Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.279 , pp. 1977-1983
    • Wainberg, M.A.1    Friedland, G.2
  • 74
    • 0000130125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virological and clinical implications of resistance to HIV-1 protease inhibitors
    • Condra, J. (1998). Virological and clinical implications of resistance to HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Drug Resistance Updates 1, 292-9.
    • (1998) Drug Resistance Updates , vol.1 , pp. 292-299
    • Condra, J.1
  • 76
    • 0030858617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pol gene diversity of five human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes: Evidence for naturally occurring mutations that contribute to drug resistance, limited recombination patterns, and common ancestry for subtypes B and D
    • Cornelissen, M., van den Burg, R., Zorgdrager, F., Lukashov, V. & Goudsmit, J. (1997). pol gene diversity of five human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes: evidence for naturally occurring mutations that contribute to drug resistance, limited recombination patterns, and common ancestry for subtypes B and D. Journal of Virology 71, 6348-58.
    • (1997) Journal of Virology , vol.71 , pp. 6348-6358
    • Cornelissen, M.1    van den Burg, R.2    Zorgdrager, F.3    Lukashov, V.4    Goudsmit, J.5
  • 77
    • 0028039607 scopus 로고
    • Generation of multiple drug resistance by sequential in vitro passage of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Gao, Q., Gu, Z., Salomon, H., Nagai, K., Parniak, M. A. & Wainberg, M. A. (1994). Generation of multiple drug resistance by sequential in vitro passage of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Archives of Virology 136, 111-22.
    • (1994) Archives of Virology , vol.136 , pp. 111-122
    • Gao, Q.1    Gu, Z.2    Salomon, H.3    Nagai, K.4    Parniak, M.A.5    Wainberg, M.A.6
  • 78
    • 0032103187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple concurrent reverse transcriptase and protease mutations and multidrug resistance of HIV-1 isolates from heavily treated patients
    • Shafer, R. W., Winters, M. A., Palmer, S. & Merigan, T. C. (1998). Multiple concurrent reverse transcriptase and protease mutations and multidrug resistance of HIV-1 isolates from heavily treated patients. Annals of Internal Medicine 128, 906-11.
    • (1998) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.128 , pp. 906-911
    • Shafer, R.W.1    Winters, M.A.2    Palmer, S.3    Merigan, T.C.4
  • 80
    • 0031663241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of pol gene heterogeneity, viral quasi-species, and drug resistance in individuals infected with group O strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Quinones-Mateu, M. E., Albright, J. L., Mas, A., Soriano, V. & Arts, E. J. (1998). Analysis of pol gene heterogeneity, viral quasi-species, and drug resistance in individuals infected with group O strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Virology 72, 9002-15.
    • (1998) Journal of Virology , vol.72 , pp. 9002-9015
    • Quinones-Mateu, M.E.1    Albright, J.L.2    Mas, A.3    Soriano, V.4    Arts, E.J.5
  • 82
    • 0030879818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O isolates to antiretroviral agents: In vitro phenotypic and genotypic analyses
    • Descamps, D., Collin, G., Letourneur, F., Apetrei, C., Damond, F., Loussert-Ajaka, I. et al. (1997). Susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O isolates to antiretroviral agents: in vitro phenotypic and genotypic analyses. Journal of Virology 71, 8893-8.
    • (1997) Journal of Virology , vol.71 , pp. 8893-8898
    • Descamps, D.1    Collin, G.2    Letourneur, F.3    Apetrei, C.4    Damond, F.5    Loussert-Ajaka, I.6
  • 83
    • 0028172345 scopus 로고
    • Locations of anti-AIDS drug binding sites and resistance mutations in the three-dimensional structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Implications for mechanisms of drug inhibition and resistance
    • Tantillo, C., Ding, J., Jacobo-Molina, R., Nanni, R. G., Boyer, P. L., Hughes, S. H. et al. (1994). Locations of anti-AIDS drug binding sites and resistance mutations in the three-dimensional structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Implications for mechanisms of drug inhibition and resistance. Journal of Molecular Biology 243, 369-87.
    • (1994) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.243 , pp. 369-387
    • Tantillo, C.1    Ding, J.2    Jacobo-Molina, R.3    Nanni, R.G.4    Boyer, P.L.5    Hughes, S.H.6
  • 84
    • 0031957561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype F reverse transcriptase sequence and drug susceptibility
    • Apetrei, C., Descamps, D., Collin, G., Loussert-Ajaka, I., Damond, F., Duca, M. et al. (1998). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype F reverse transcriptase sequence and drug susceptibility. Journal of Virology 72, 3534-38.
    • (1998) Journal of Virology , vol.72 , pp. 3534-3538
    • Apetrei, C.1    Descamps, D.2    Collin, G.3    Loussert-Ajaka, I.4    Damond, F.5    Duca, M.6
  • 85
    • 0030920241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence and drug susceptibility of subtype C reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconverters in Zimbabwe
    • Shafer, R. W., Eisen, J. A., Merigan, T. C. & Katzenstein, D. A. (1997). Sequence and drug susceptibility of subtype C reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconverters in Zimbabwe. Journal of Virology 71, 5441-8.
    • (1997) Journal of Virology , vol.71 , pp. 5441-5448
    • Shafer, R.W.1    Eisen, J.A.2    Merigan, T.C.3    Katzenstein, D.A.4
  • 86
    • 0032564526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations in HIV-1 pol gene associated with reduced sensitivity to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive patients
    • Birk, M. & Sonnerborg, A. (1998). Variations in HIV-1 pol gene associated with reduced sensitivity to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive patients. AIDS 12, 2369-75.
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , pp. 2369-2375
    • Birk, M.1    Sonnerborg, A.2
  • 87
    • 0031883581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug susceptibility of subtypes A, B, C, D, and E human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates
    • Palmer, S., Alaeus, A., Albert, J. & Cox, S. (1998). Drug susceptibility of subtypes A, B, C, D, and E human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 14, 157-62.
    • (1998) AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses , vol.14 , pp. 157-162
    • Palmer, S.1    Alaeus, A.2    Albert, J.3    Cox, S.4
  • 88
    • 0036721511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes on virologic response and emergence of drug resistance among children in the Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) 5 trial
    • Pillay, D., Walker, S., Gibb, D. M., de Rossi, A., Kaye, S., Ait-Khaleb, M. et al. (2002). Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes on virologic response and emergence of drug resistance among children in the Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) 5 trial. Journal of Infectious Diseases 186, 617-25.
    • (2002) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.186 , pp. 617-625
    • Pillay, D.1    Walker, S.2    Gibb, D.M.3    de Rossi, A.4    Kaye, S.5    Ait-Khaleb, M.6
  • 91
    • 0027407358 scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 strains from India are highly divergent from prototypic African and US/European strains, but are linked to a South African isolate
    • Dietrich, U., Grez, M., von Briesen, H., Panhans, B., Geissendorfer, M., Kuhnel, H. et al. (1993). HIV-1 strains from India are highly divergent from prototypic African and US/European strains, but are linked to a South African isolate. AIDS 7, 23-7.
    • (1993) AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 23-27
    • Dietrich, U.1    Grez, M.2    von Briesen, H.3    Panhans, B.4    Geissendorfer, M.5    Kuhnel, H.6
  • 93
    • 0028815682 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for coinfection by multiple strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B in an acute seroconvertor
    • Zhu, T., Wang, N., Carr, A., Wolinsky, S. & Ho, D. (1995). Evidence for coinfection by multiple strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B in an acute seroconvertor. Journal of Virology 69, 1324-7.
    • (1995) Journal of Virology , vol.69 , pp. 1324-1327
    • Zhu, T.1    Wang, N.2    Carr, A.3    Wolinsky, S.4    Ho, D.5
  • 95
    • 17144449720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horizontal and vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dual infections caused by viruses of subtypes B and C
    • Janini, L. M., Tanuri, A., Schechter, M., Peralta, J. M., Vicente, A. C., dela Torre, N. et al. (1998). Horizontal and vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dual infections caused by viruses of subtypes B and C. Journal of Infectious Diseases 177, 227-31.
    • (1998) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.177 , pp. 227-231
    • Janini, L.M.1    Tanuri, A.2    Schechter, M.3    Peralta, J.M.4    Vicente, A.C.5    dela Torre, N.6
  • 96
    • 0035870548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of genotypic HIV-1 drug-resistant strains among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
    • Adje, C., Cheingsong, R., Roels, T. H., Maurice, C., Djomand, G., Verbiest, W. et al. (2001). High prevalence of genotypic HIV-1 drug-resistant strains among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 26, 501-6.
    • (2001) Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , vol.26 , pp. 501-506
    • Adje, C.1    Cheingsong, R.2    Roels, T.H.3    Maurice, C.4    Djomand, G.5    Verbiest, W.6
  • 97
    • 0344015847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virological treatment failure of protease inhibitor therapy in an unselected cohort of HIV-infected patients
    • Fatkenheuer, G., Theisen, A., Rockstroh, J., Grabow, T., Wicke, C., Becker, K. et al. (1997). Virological treatment failure of protease inhibitor therapy in an unselected cohort of HIV-infected patients. AIDS 11, F113-6.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , pp. F113-F116
    • Fatkenheuer, G.1    Theisen, A.2    Rockstroh, J.3    Grabow, T.4    Wicke, C.5    Becker, K.6
  • 98
    • 0033033234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV RNA and CD4 cell count response to protease inhibitor therapy in an urban AIDS clinic: Response to both initial and salvage therapy
    • Deeks, S. G., Hecht, F. M., Swanson, M., Elbeik, T., Loftus, R., Cohen, P. T. et al. (1999). HIV RNA and CD4 cell count response to protease inhibitor therapy in an urban AIDS clinic: response to both initial and salvage therapy. AIDS 13, F35-43.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. F35-F43
    • Deeks, S.G.1    Hecht, F.M.2    Swanson, M.3    Elbeik, T.4    Loftus, R.5    Cohen, P.T.6
  • 99
    • 0033528521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6 month efficacy, tolerance, and acceptability of a short regimen of oral zidovudine to reduce vertical transmission of HIV in breastfed children in Cote d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso: A double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre trial
    • Dabis, F., Msellati, P., Meda, N., Welffens-Ekra, C., You, B., Manigart, O. et al. (1999). 6 month efficacy, tolerance, and acceptability of a short regimen of oral zidovudine to reduce vertical transmission of HIV in breastfed children in Cote d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre trial. Lancet 353, 786-92.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 786-792
    • Dabis, F.1    Msellati, P.2    Meda, N.3    Welffens-Ekra, C.4    You, B.5    Manigart, O.6
  • 100
    • 0035037383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotypic correlates of phenotypic resistance to efavirenz in virus isolates from patients failing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy
    • Bacheler, L., Jeffrey, S., Hanna, G., D'Aquila, R., Wallace, L., Logue, K. et al. (2001). Genotypic correlates of phenotypic resistance to efavirenz in virus isolates from patients failing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy. Journal of Virology 75, 4999-5008.
    • (2001) Journal of Virology , vol.75 , pp. 4999-5008
    • Bacheler, L.1    Jeffrey, S.2    Hanna, G.3    D'Aquila, R.4    Wallace, L.5    Logue, K.6
  • 101
    • 0002117071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotyping and phenotyping analysis of B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes from Brazilian patients under HAART
    • (abstract 164)
    • Caride, E., Hertogs, K., Larder, B., Dehertogh, P., Brindeiro, R., Machado, E. et al. (2000). Genotyping and phenotyping analysis of B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes from Brazilian patients under HAART. Antiviral Therapy 5, Suppl. 3, 128 (abstract 164).
    • (2000) Antiviral Therapy , vol.5 , pp. 128
    • Caride, E.1    Hertogs, K.2    Larder, B.3    Dehertogh, P.4    Brindeiro, R.5    Machado, E.6
  • 102
    • 0002117073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV-1 subtype on NNRTI resistance mutations
    • (abstract 163)
    • Pillay, D., Sinka, K., Rice, P., Peters, B., Clarke, J., Workman, J. et al. (2000). Impact of HIV-1 subtype on NNRTI resistance mutations. Antiviral Therapy 5, Suppl. 3, 128 (abstract 163).
    • (2000) Antiviral Therapy , vol.5 , pp. 128
    • Pillay, D.1    Sinka, K.2    Rice, P.3    Peters, B.4    Clarke, J.5    Workman, J.6
  • 103
    • 0027957791 scopus 로고
    • Nevirapine resistance mutations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 selected during therapy
    • Richman, D. D., Havlir, D., Corbeil, J., Looney, D., Ignacio, C., Spector, S. A. et al. (1994). Nevirapine resistance mutations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 selected during therapy. Journal of Virology. 68, 1660-6.
    • (1994) Journal of Virology , vol.68 , pp. 1660-1666
    • Richman, D.D.1    Havlir, D.2    Corbeil, J.3    Looney, D.4    Ignacio, C.5    Spector, S.A.6
  • 104
    • 0002116736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV resistance to antagonists of viral reverse transcriptase
    • 2nd edn (Dalgleish, A. & Weiss, R., Eds), Academic Press, London, UK
    • Wainberg, M. A. (1999). HIV resistance to antagonists of viral reverse transcriptase. In AIDS and the New Viruses, 2nd edn (Dalgleish, A. & Weiss, R., Eds), pp. 223-49. Academic Press, London, UK.
    • (1999) AIDS and the New Viruses , pp. 223-249
    • Wainberg, M.A.1
  • 105
    • 0033816265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the K103N resistance mutation in Ugandan women receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission
    • Jackson, J. B., Becker-Pergola, G., Guay, L. A., Musoke, P., Mracna, M., Fowler, M. G. et al. (2000). Identification of the K103N resistance mutation in Ugandan women receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission. AIDS 14, F111-5.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. F111-F115
    • Jackson, J.B.1    Becker-Pergola, G.2    Guay, L.A.3    Musoke, P.4    Mracna, M.5    Fowler, M.G.6
  • 107
    • 0035808775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clustered mutations in HIV-1 Gag are consistently required for escape from HLA-B27-restricted CTL responses
    • Kelleher, A. D., Long, C., Holmes, E. C., Allen, R. L., Wilson, J., Conlon, C. et al. (2001). Clustered mutations in HIV-1 Gag are consistently required for escape from HLA-B27-restricted CTL responses. Journal of Experimental Medicine 193, 375-86.
    • (2001) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.193 , pp. 375-386
    • Kelleher, A.D.1    Long, C.2    Holmes, E.C.3    Allen, R.L.4    Wilson, J.5    Conlon, C.6
  • 108
    • 0032482337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conditioned dendritic cell can be a temporal bridge between a CD4+ T-helper and a T-killer cell
    • Ridge, J. P., Di Rosa, F. & Matzinger, P. A. (1998). A conditioned dendritic cell can be a temporal bridge between a CD4+ T-helper and a T-killer cell. Nature 393, 474-8.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.393 , pp. 474-478
    • Ridge, J.P.1    Di Rosa, F.2    Matzinger, P.A.3
  • 109
    • 0035912222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular immune responses to HIV
    • McMichael, A. J. & Rowland-Jones, S. L. (2001). Cellular immune responses to HIV. Nature 410, 980-7.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 980-987
    • McMichael, A.J.1    Rowland-Jones, S.L.2
  • 110
    • 17344370286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in patients with symptomatic primary infection receiving antiretroviral triple therapy
    • Dalod, M., Harzic, M., Pellegrin, I., Dumon, B., Hoen, B., Sereni, D. et al. (1998). Evolution of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in patients with symptomatic primary infection receiving antiretroviral triple therapy. Journal of Infectious Diseases 178, 61-9.
    • (1998) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.178 , pp. 61-69
    • Dalod, M.1    Harzic, M.2    Pellegrin, I.3    Dumon, B.4    Hoen, B.5    Sereni, D.6
  • 111
    • 0033083859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of class 1 HLA-restricted anti-HIV CD8+ T cells in individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
    • Gray, C. M., Lawrence, J., Schapiro, J. M., Altman, J. M., Winters, M. A., Crompton, M. et al. (1999). Frequency of class 1 HLA-restricted anti-HIV CD8+ T cells in individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Journal of Immunology 162, 1780-9.
    • (1999) Journal of Immunology , vol.162 , pp. 1780-1789
    • Gray, C.M.1    Lawrence, J.2    Schapiro, J.M.3    Altman, J.M.4    Winters, M.A.5    Crompton, M.6
  • 112
    • 0033807826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogenicity of mutations induced by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T cells
    • Samri, A., Haas, G., Duntze, J., Bouley, J. M., Calvez, V., Katlama, C. et al. (2000). Immunogenicity of mutations induced by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T cells. Journal of Virology 74, 9306-12.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 9306-9312
    • Samri, A.1    Haas, G.2    Duntze, J.3    Bouley, J.M.4    Calvez, V.5    Katlama, C.6
  • 113
    • 0001320882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV resistance to antiviral drugs: Public health implications
    • Wainberg, M. A. & Cameron, D. W. (1998). HIV resistance to antiviral drugs: public health implications. Drug Resistance Updates 1, 104-8.
    • (1998) Drug Resistance Updates , vol.1 , pp. 104-108
    • Wainberg, M.A.1    Cameron, D.W.2
  • 114
    • 0023989074 scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a target for cytotoxic T lymphocytes in infected individuals
    • Walker, B. D., Flexner, C., Paradis, T. J., Fuller, T. C., Hirsch, M. S., Schooley, R. T. et al. (1988). HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a target for cytotoxic T lymphocytes in infected individuals. Science 240, 64-6.
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 64-66
    • Walker, B.D.1    Flexner, C.2    Paradis, T.J.3    Fuller, T.C.4    Hirsch, M.S.5    Schooley, R.T.6
  • 115
    • 0028802102 scopus 로고
    • Induction of a primary human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against a novel conserved epitope in a functional sequence of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
    • van der Burg, S. H., Klein, M. R., van de Velde, C. J. H., Kast, W. M., Miedema, F. & Melief, J. M. (1995). Induction of a primary human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against a novel conserved epitope in a functional sequence of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. AIDS 9, 121-7.
    • (1995) AIDS , vol.9 , pp. 121-127
    • van der Burg, S.H.1    Klein, M.R.2    van de Velde, C.J.H.3    Kast, W.M.4    Miedema, F.5    Melief, J.M.6
  • 116
    • 0032552120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic T-cell responses to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease
    • Haas, G., Samri, A., Gomard, E., Hosmalin, A., Duntze, J. & Bouley, J. M. (1998). Cytotoxic T-cell responses to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease. AIDS 12, 1427-36.
    • (1998) AIDS , vol.12 , pp. 1427-1436
    • Haas, G.1    Samri, A.2    Gomard, E.3    Hosmalin, A.4    Duntze, J.5    Bouley, J.M.6
  • 117
    • 0034984145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative dominance of epitope-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons with shared HLA alleles
    • Day, C. L., Shea, A. K., Altfeld, M. A., Olson, D. P., Buchbinder, S. P. & Hecht, F. M. (2001). Relative dominance of epitope-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons with shared HLA alleles. Journal of Virology 75, 6279-91.
    • (2001) Journal of Virology , vol.75 , pp. 6279-6291
    • Day, C.L.1    Shea, A.K.2    Altfeld, M.A.3    Olson, D.P.4    Buchbinder, S.P.5    Hecht, F.M.6
  • 118
    • 0025900181 scopus 로고
    • Efficient processing of an antigenic sequence for presentation by MHC class 1 molecules depends on its neighboring residues in the protein
    • Del Val, M., Schlicht, H. J., Ruppert, T., Reddehase, M. J. & Koszinowski, U. H. (1991). Efficient processing of an antigenic sequence for presentation by MHC class 1 molecules depends on its neighboring residues in the protein. Cell 66, 1145-53.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 1145-1153
    • Del Val, M.1    Schlicht, H.J.2    Ruppert, T.3    Reddehase, M.J.4    Koszinowski, U.H.5
  • 119
    • 16044372545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single residue exchange within a viral CTL epitope alters proteasome-mediated degradation resulting in lack of antigen presentation
    • Ossendorp, F., Eggers, M., Neisig, A., Ruppert, T., Groettrup, M., Sijts, A. et al. (1996). A single residue exchange within a viral CTL epitope alters proteasome-mediated degradation resulting in lack of antigen presentation. Immunity 5, 115-24.
    • (1996) Immunity , vol.5 , pp. 115-124
    • Ossendorp, F.1    Eggers, M.2    Neisig, A.3    Ruppert, T.4    Groettrup, M.5    Sijts, A.6
  • 120
    • 16944366524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS
    • Goulder, P. J., Phillips, R. E., Colbert, R. A., McAdam, S., Ogg, G., Nowak, M. A. et al. (1997). Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nature Medicine 3, 212-7.
    • (1997) Nature Medicine , vol.3 , pp. 212-217
    • Goulder, P.J.1    Phillips, R.E.2    Colbert, R.A.3    McAdam, S.4    Ogg, G.5    Nowak, M.A.6
  • 121
    • 0028337166 scopus 로고
    • Temporal association of cellular immune responses with the initial control of viremia in primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 syndrome
    • Koup, R. A., Safrit, J. T., Cao, Y., Andrews, C. A., McLeod, G., Borkowsky, W. et al. (1994). Temporal association of cellular immune responses with the initial control of viremia in primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 syndrome. Journal of Virology 68, 4650-5.
    • (1994) Journal of Virology , vol.68 , pp. 4650-4655
    • Koup, R.A.1    Safrit, J.T.2    Cao, Y.3    Andrews, C.A.4    McLeod, G.5    Borkowsky, W.6
  • 122
    • 0033639304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of antiretrovirals and drug resistance in vertical transmission of HIV-1 infection
    • Brenner, B. G. & Wainberg, M. A. (2000). The role of antiretrovirals and drug resistance in vertical transmission of HIV-1 infection. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 918, 9-15.
    • (2000) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.918 , pp. 9-15
    • Brenner, B.G.1    Wainberg, M.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.