메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 103-115

Regulation of matrix remodeling by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ: A novel link between metabolism and fibrogenesis

Author keywords

PPAR ; SPPARM; Systemic sclerosis; TGF

Indexed keywords

15 DEOXY DELTA12,14 PROSTAGLANDIN J2; ANTIFIBROTIC AGENT; BORTEZOMIB; CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; N (2 BENZOYLPHENYL) O [2 (METHYL 2 PYRIDINYLAMINO)ETHYL]TYROSINE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; ROSIGLITAZONE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TROGLITAZONE; WNT PROTEIN;

EID: 84863946574     PISSN: None     EISSN: 18743129     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1874312901206010103     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (45)

References (136)
  • 1
    • 84655175061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding fibrosis in systematic sclerosis shfting paradigms, emerging oppertunities
    • Bhattacharyya S, Wei J, Varga J. Understanding fibrosis in systematic sclerosis shfting paradigms, emerging oppertunities. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2011; 8: 54.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.8 , pp. 54
    • Bhattacharyya, S.1    Wei, J.2    Varga, J.3
  • 2
    • 33847392947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New developments in fibroblast and myofibroblast biology: Implications for fibrosis and scleroderma
    • Abraham DJ, Eckes B, Rajkumar V, Krieg T. New developments in fibroblast and myofibroblast biology: implications for fibrosis and scleroderma. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2007; 9(2): 136-43.
    • (2007) Curr Rheumatol Rep , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 136-143
    • Abraham, D.J.1    Eckes, B.2    Rajkumar, V.3    Krieg, T.4
  • 3
    • 0028641559 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPAR gamma 2, a lipid-activated transcription factor
    • Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM. Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPAR gamma 2, a lipid-activated transcription factor. Cell 1994; 79(7): 1147-56.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , Issue.7 , pp. 1147-1156
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Hu, E.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 4
    • 28944446431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The many faces of PPARgamma
    • Lehrke M, Lazar MA. The many faces of PPARgamma. Cell 2005; 123(6): 993-9.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.123 , Issue.6 , pp. 993-999
    • Lehrke, M.1    Lazar, M.A.2
  • 5
    • 77958025377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: Innate protection from excessive fibrogenesis and potential therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis
    • Wei J, Bhattacharyya S, Varga J. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: innate protection from excessive fibrogenesis and potential therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2010; 22(6): 671-6.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Rheumatol , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 671-676
    • Wei, J.1    Bhattacharyya, S.2    Varga, J.3
  • 6
    • 66449088364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: Evolution of NURSA, the Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas
    • McKenna NJ, Cooney AJ, DeMayo FJ, et al. Minireview: Evolution of NURSA, the Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas. Mol Endocrinol 2009; 23(6): 740-6.
    • (2009) Mol Endocrinol , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 740-746
    • McKenna, N.J.1    Cooney, A.J.2    DeMayo, F.J.3
  • 7
    • 1942518840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARs and the complex journey to obesity
    • Evans RM, Barish GD, Wang YX. PPARs and the complex journey to obesity. Nat Med 2004; 10(4): 355-61.
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 355-361
    • Evans, R.M.1    Barish, G.D.2    Wang, Y.X.3
  • 8
    • 0029102676 scopus 로고
    • Structural organization of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (mPPAR gamma) gene: Alternative promoter use and different splicing yield two mPPAR gamma isoforms
    • Zhu Y, Qi C, Korenberg JR, et al. Structural organization of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (mPPAR gamma) gene: alternative promoter use and different splicing yield two mPPAR gamma isoforms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92(17): 7921-5.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , Issue.17 , pp. 7921-7925
    • Zhu, Y.1    Qi, C.2    Korenberg, J.R.3
  • 9
    • 77954244708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma): Is the genomic activity the only answer?
    • Luconi M, Cantini G, Serio M. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma): is the genomic activity the only answer? Steroids 2010; 75(8-9): 585-94.
    • (2010) Steroids , vol.75 , Issue.8-9 , pp. 585-594
    • Luconi, M.1    Cantini, G.2    Serio, M.3
  • 10
    • 45249111574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and its ligands in the treatment of hematological malignancies
    • Garcia-Bates TM, Lehmann GM, Simpson-Haidaris PJ, Bernstein SH, Sime PJ, Phipps RP. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and its ligands in the treatment of hematological malignancies. PPAR Res 2008; 2008: 834612.
    • (2008) PPAR Res , vol.2008 , pp. 834612
    • Garcia-Bates, T.M.1    Lehmann, G.M.2    Simpson-Haidaris, P.J.3    Bernstein, S.H.4    Sime, P.J.5    Phipps, R.P.6
  • 12
    • 78349281192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARgamma downregulation by TGFss in fibroblast and impaired expression and function in systemic sclerosis: A novel mechanism for progressive fibrogenesis
    • Wei J, Ghosh AK, Sargent JL, et al. PPARgamma downregulation by TGFss in fibroblast and impaired expression and function in systemic sclerosis: a novel mechanism for progressive fibrogenesis. PLoS One 2010; 5(11): e13778.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5 , Issue.11
    • Wei, J.1    Ghosh, A.K.2    Sargent, J.L.3
  • 13
    • 33846146367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of transforming growth factor-beta signaling by curcumin induces gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in rat hepatic stellate cells
    • Zheng S, Chen A. Disruption of transforming growth factor-beta signaling by curcumin induces gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in rat hepatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2007; 292(1): G113-23.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.292 , Issue.1
    • Zheng, S.1    Chen, A.2
  • 14
    • 0036031765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TGF-beta(1) induces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma1 and gamma2 expression in human THP-1 monocytes
    • Kintscher U, Wakino S, Bruemmer D, et al. TGF-beta(1) induces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma1 and gamma2 expression in human THP-1 monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 297(4): 794-9.
    • (2002) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.297 , Issue.4 , pp. 794-799
    • Kintscher, U.1    Wakino, S.2    Bruemmer, D.3
  • 15
    • 0035266474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 11 secreted by malignant breast epithelial cells inhibit adipocyte differentiation by selectively down-regulating CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: Mechanism of desmoplastic reaction
    • Meng L, Zhou J, Sasano H, Suzuki T, Zeitoun KM, Bulun SE. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 11 secreted by malignant breast epithelial cells inhibit adipocyte differentiation by selectively down-regulating CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: mechanism of desmoplastic reaction. Cancer Res 2001; 61(5): 2250-5.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , Issue.5 , pp. 2250-2255
    • Meng, L.1    Zhou, J.2    Sasano, H.3    Suzuki, T.4    Zeitoun, K.M.5    Bulun, S.E.6
  • 16
    • 1842833395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines regulate fibroblast-like synovial cell differentiation to adipocyte-like cells
    • Yamasaki S, Nakashima T, Kawakami A, et al. Cytokines regulate fibroblast-like synovial cell differentiation to adipocyte-like cells. Rheumatology 2004; 43(4): 448-52.
    • (2004) Rheumatology , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 448-452
    • Yamasaki, S.1    Nakashima, T.2    Kawakami, A.3
  • 17
    • 80053128148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of WNT signaling on tissue lineage differentiation in the early mouse embryo
    • Tanaka SS, Kojima Y, Yamaguchi YL, Nishinakamura R, Tam PP. Impact of WNT signaling on tissue lineage differentiation in the early mouse embryo. Dev Growth Differ 2011; 53(7): 843-56.
    • (2011) Dev Growth Differ , vol.53 , Issue.7 , pp. 843-856
    • Tanaka, S.S.1    Kojima, Y.2    Yamaguchi, Y.L.3    Nishinakamura, R.4    Tam, P.P.5
  • 18
    • 0034637103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of adipogenesis by Wnt signaling
    • Ross SE, Hemati N, Longo KA, et al. Inhibition of adipogenesis by Wnt signaling. Science 2000; 289(5481): 950-3.
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , Issue.5481 , pp. 950-953
    • Ross, S.E.1    Hemati, N.2    Longo, K.A.3
  • 19
    • 35748960839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A histone lysine methyltransferase activated by non-canonical Wnt signalling suppresses PPAR-gamma transactivation
    • Takada I, Mihara M, Suzawa M, et al. A histone lysine methyltransferase activated by non-canonical Wnt signalling suppresses PPAR-gamma transactivation. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9(11): 1273-85.
    • (2007) Nat Cell Biol , vol.9 , Issue.11 , pp. 1273-1285
    • Takada, I.1    Mihara, M.2    Suzawa, M.3
  • 20
    • 37249051759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of PPAR transactivation switches cell fate of bone marrow stem cells from adipocytes into osteoblasts
    • Takada I, Suzawa M, Matsumoto K, Kato S. Suppression of PPAR transactivation switches cell fate of bone marrow stem cells from adipocytes into osteoblasts. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1116: 182-95.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1116 , pp. 182-195
    • Takada, I.1    Suzawa, M.2    Matsumoto, K.3    Kato, S.4
  • 21
    • 34347235843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt signaling stimulates osteoblastogenesis of mesenchymal precursors by suppressing CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
    • Kang S, Bennett CN, Gerin I, Rapp LA, Hankenson KD, Macdougald OA. Wnt signaling stimulates osteoblastogenesis of mesenchymal precursors by suppressing CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. J Biol Chem 2007; 282(19): 14515-24.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.19 , pp. 14515-14524
    • Kang, S.1    Bennett, C.N.2    Gerin, I.3    Rapp, L.A.4    Hankenson, K.D.5    Macdougald, O.A.6
  • 22
    • 0029905399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes is mediated by C/EBPbeta, C/EBPdelta, and glucocorticoids
    • Wu Z, Bucher NL, Farmer SR. Induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes is mediated by C/EBPbeta, C/EBPdelta, and glucocorticoids. Mol Cell Biol 1996; 16(8): 4128-36.
    • (1996) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , Issue.8 , pp. 4128-4136
    • Wu, Z.1    Bucher, N.L.2    Farmer, S.R.3
  • 23
    • 33846152299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical role for Ebf1 and Ebf2 in the adipogenic transcriptional cascade
    • Jimenez MA, Akerblad P, Sigvardsson M, Rosen ED. Critical role for Ebf1 and Ebf2 in the adipogenic transcriptional cascade. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27(2): 743-57.
    • (2007) Mol Cell Biol , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 743-757
    • Jimenez, M.A.1    Akerblad, P.2    Sigvardsson, M.3    Rosen, E.D.4
  • 24
    • 34247626853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The small molecule harmine is an antidiabetic cell-type-specific regulator of PPARgamma expression
    • Waki H, Park KW, Mitro N, et al. The small molecule harmine is an antidiabetic cell-type-specific regulator of PPARgamma expression. Cell Metab 2007; 5(5): 357-70.
    • (2007) Cell Metab , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 357-370
    • Waki, H.1    Park, K.W.2    Mitro, N.3
  • 25
    • 50649088873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 is a small molecule-inducible modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression and adipocyte differentiation
    • Park KW, Waki H, Villanueva CJ, et al. Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 is a small molecule-inducible modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression and adipocyte differentiation. Mol Endocrinol 2008; 22(9): 2038-48.
    • (2008) Mol Endocrinol , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 2038-2048
    • Park, K.W.1    Waki, H.2    Villanueva, C.J.3
  • 26
    • 33847050801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway
    • Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N, Biswal S. Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 47: 89-116.
    • (2007) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.47 , pp. 89-116
    • Kensler, T.W.1    Wakabayashi, N.2    Biswal, S.3
  • 27
    • 21144431523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synthetic triterpenoids, CDDO and CDDO-imidazolide, are potent inducers of heme oxygenase-1 and Nrf2/ARE signaling
    • Liby K, Hock T, Yore MM, et al. The synthetic triterpenoids, CDDO and CDDO-imidazolide, are potent inducers of heme oxygenase-1 and Nrf2/ARE signaling. Cancer Res 2005; 65(11): 4789-98.
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , Issue.11 , pp. 4789-4798
    • Liby, K.1    Hock, T.2    Yore, M.M.3
  • 28
    • 77956624262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nrf2-regulated PPAR{gamma} expression is critical to protection against acute lung injury in mice
    • Cho HY, Gladwell W, Wang X, et al. Nrf2-regulated PPAR{gamma} expression is critical to protection against acute lung injury in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182(2): 170-82.
    • (2010) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.182 , Issue.2 , pp. 170-182
    • Cho, H.Y.1    Gladwell, W.2    Wang, X.3
  • 29
    • 78449258535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The farnesoid X receptor regulates adipocyte differentiation and function by promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and interfering with the Wnt/beta-catenin pathways
    • Abdelkarim M, Caron S, Duhem C, et al. The farnesoid X receptor regulates adipocyte differentiation and function by promoting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and interfering with the Wnt/beta-catenin pathways. J Biol Chem 2010; 285(47): 36759-67.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , Issue.47 , pp. 36759-36767
    • Abdelkarim, M.1    Caron, S.2    Duhem, C.3
  • 30
    • 65249138877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COUP-TFII acts downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin signal to silence PPARgamma gene expression and repress adipogenesis
    • Okamura M, Kudo H, Wakabayashi K, et al. COUP-TFII acts downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin signal to silence PPARgamma gene expression and repress adipogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106(14): 5819-24.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.106 , Issue.14 , pp. 5819-5824
    • Okamura, M.1    Kudo, H.2    Wakabayashi, K.3
  • 31
    • 79958108760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early growth response transcription factors: Key mediators of fibrosis and novel targets for anti-fibrotic therapy
    • Bhattacharyya S, Wu M, Fang F, Tourtellotte W, Feghali-Bostwick C, Varga J. Early growth response transcription factors: key mediators of fibrosis and novel targets for anti-fibrotic therapy. Matrix Biol 2011; 30(4): 235-42.
    • (2011) Matrix Biol , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 235-242
    • Bhattacharyya, S.1    Wu, M.2    Fang, F.3    Tourtellotte, W.4    Feghali-Bostwick, C.5    Varga, J.6
  • 32
    • 0037178892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early growth response factor-1 is a critical transcriptional mediator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 1 gene expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells
    • Fu M, Zhang J, Lin Y, Zhu X, Ehrengruber MU, Chen YE. Early growth response factor-1 is a critical transcriptional mediator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 1 gene expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(30): 26808-14.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , Issue.30 , pp. 26808-26814
    • Fu, M.1    Zhang, J.2    Lin, Y.3    Zhu, X.4    Ehrengruber, M.U.5    Chen, Y.E.6
  • 33
    • 67349265144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transcription factors Egr1 and Egr2 have opposing influences on adipocyte differentiation
    • Boyle KB, Hadaschik D, Virtue S, et al. The transcription factors Egr1 and Egr2 have opposing influences on adipocyte differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16(5): 782-9.
    • (2009) Cell Death Differ , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 782-789
    • Boyle, K.B.1    Hadaschik, D.2    Virtue, S.3
  • 34
    • 33747616182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiadipogenic regulation underlies hepatic stellate cell transdifferentiation
    • Tsukamoto H, She H, Hazra S, Cheng J, Miyahara T. Antiadipogenic regulation underlies hepatic stellate cell transdifferentiation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 21 (Suppl 3): S102-5.
    • (2006) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Tsukamoto, H.1    She, H.2    Hazra, S.3    Cheng, J.4    Miyahara, T.5
  • 35
    • 75149141045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis
    • Mann J, Chu DC, Maxwell A, et al. MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis. Gastroenterology 2010; 138(2): 705-14, 714 e1-4.
    • (2010) Gastroenterology , vol.138 , Issue.2
    • Mann, J.1    Chu, D.C.2    Maxwell, A.3
  • 36
    • 77957280791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Necdin-Wnt pathway causes epigenetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma repression in hepatic stellate cells
    • Zhu NL, Wang J, Tsukamoto H. The Necdin-Wnt pathway causes epigenetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma repression in hepatic stellate cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 285(40): 30463-71.
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , Issue.40 , pp. 30463-30471
    • Zhu, N.L.1    Wang, J.2    Tsukamoto, H.3
  • 37
    • 33746640414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable CpG hypomethylation of adipogenic promoters in freshly isolated, cultured, and differentiated mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue
    • Noer A, Sorensen AL, Boquest AC, Collas P. Stable CpG hypomethylation of adipogenic promoters in freshly isolated, cultured, and differentiated mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17(8): 3543-56.
    • (2006) Mol Biol Cell , vol.17 , Issue.8 , pp. 3543-3556
    • Noer, A.1    Sorensen, A.L.2    Boquest, A.C.3    Collas, P.4
  • 38
    • 68249139820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma gene is repressed by DNA methylation in visceral adipose tissue of mouse models of diabetes
    • Fujiki K, Kano F, Shiota K, Murata M. Expression of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma gene is repressed by DNA methylation in visceral adipose tissue of mouse models of diabetes. BMC Biol 2009; 7: 38.
    • (2009) BMC Biol , vol.7 , pp. 38
    • Fujiki, K.1    Kano, F.2    Shiota, K.3    Murata, M.4
  • 39
    • 76349089521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • miR-27a is a negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation via suppressing PPARgamma expression
    • Kim SY, Kim AY, Lee HW, et al. miR-27a is a negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation via suppressing PPARgamma expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 392(3): 323-8.
    • (2010) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.392 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-328
    • Kim, S.Y.1    Kim, A.Y.2    Lee, H.W.3
  • 40
    • 70350125874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • microRNA miR-27b impairs human adipocyte differentiation and targets PPARgamma
    • Karbiener M, Fischer C, Nowitsch S, et al. microRNA miR-27b impairs human adipocyte differentiation and targets PPARgamma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390(2): 247-51.
    • (2009) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.390 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-251
    • Karbiener, M.1    Fischer, C.2    Nowitsch, S.3
  • 41
    • 0036198010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of PPAR gamma 2 gene expression by the HIF-1-regulated gene DEC1/Stra13. a mechanism for regulation of adipogenesis by hypoxia
    • Yun Z, Maecker HL, Johnson RS, Giaccia AJ, Inhibition of PPAR gamma 2 gene expression by the HIF-1-regulated gene DEC1/Stra13: a mechanism for regulation of adipogenesis by hypoxia. Dev Cell 2002; 2(3): 331-41.
    • (2002) Dev Cell , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 331-341
    • Yun, Z.1    Maecker, H.L.2    Johnson, R.S.3    Giaccia, A.J.4
  • 42
    • 17644413626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lysophosphatidic acid inhibits adipocyte differentiation via lysophosphatidic acid 1 receptor-dependent down-regulation of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma2
    • Simon MF, Daviaud D, Pradere JP, et al. Lysophosphatidic acid inhibits adipocyte differentiation via lysophosphatidic acid 1 receptor-dependent down-regulation of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma2. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(15): 14656-62.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , Issue.15 , pp. 14656-14662
    • Simon, M.F.1    Daviaud, D.2    Pradere, J.P.3
  • 43
    • 53449088875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connective tissue growth factor inhibits adipocyte differentiation
    • Tan JT, McLennan SV, Song WW, et al. Connective tissue growth factor inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 295(3): C740-51.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol , vol.295 , Issue.3
    • Tan, J.T.1    McLennan, S.V.2    Song, W.W.3
  • 44
    • 77952955100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin inhibits PPARgamma gene expression in hepatic stellate cells in the mouse model of liver damage
    • Zhou Y, Jia X, Qin J, et al. Leptin inhibits PPARgamma gene expression in hepatic stellate cells in the mouse model of liver damage. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 323(2): 193-200.
    • (2010) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.323 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-200
    • Zhou, Y.1    Jia, X.2    Qin, J.3
  • 45
    • 82855176909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia Induces Downregulation of PPAR{gamma} in Isolated Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells and in Rat Lung via Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling
    • Gong K, Xing D, Li P, et al. Hypoxia Induces Downregulation of PPAR{gamma} in Isolated Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells and in Rat Lung via Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301(6): L8899-901.
    • (2011) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.301 , Issue.6
    • Gong, K.1    Xing, D.2    Li, P.3
  • 46
    • 17844396206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin inhibits LPS-induced NFkappaB activation and IL-6 production and increases PPARgamma2 expression in adipocytes
    • Ajuwon KM, Spurlock ME. Adiponectin inhibits LPS-induced NFkappaB activation and IL-6 production and increases PPARgamma2 expression in adipocytes. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005; 288(5): R1220-5.
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.288 , Issue.5
    • Ajuwon, K.M.1    Spurlock, M.E.2
  • 47
    • 58849102970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranslational modifications of PPAR-gamma: Fine-tuning the metabolic master regulator
    • Van Beekum O, Fleskens V, Kalkhoven E. Posttranslational modifications of PPAR-gamma: fine-tuning the metabolic master regulator. Obesity 2009; 17(2): 213-9.
    • (2009) Obesity , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-219
    • Van Beekum, O.1    Fleskens, V.2    Kalkhoven, E.3
  • 48
    • 34547589477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of PPAR activity via phosphorylation
    • Burns KA, Vanden HJP. Modulation of PPAR activity via phosphorylation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007; 1771(8): 952-60.
    • (2007) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1771 , Issue.8 , pp. 952-960
    • Burns, K.A.1    Vanden, H.J.P.2
  • 49
    • 0038776380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of adipogenesis through MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma
    • Hu E, Kim JB, Sarraf P, Spiegelman BM. Inhibition of adipogenesis through MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARgamma. Science 1996; 274(5295): 2100-3.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , Issue.5295 , pp. 2100-2103
    • Hu, E.1    Kim, J.B.2    Sarraf, P.3    Spiegelman, B.M.4
  • 50
    • 77954941113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5
    • Choi JH, Banks AS, Estall JL, et al. Anti-diabetic drugs inhibit obesity-linked phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5. Nature 2010; 466(7305): 451-6.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.466 , Issue.7305 , pp. 451-456
    • Choi, J.H.1    Banks, A.S.2    Estall, J.L.3
  • 51
    • 0034674567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma is linked to ligand-dependent activation
    • Hauser S, Adelmant G, Sarraf P, Wright HM, Mueller E, Spiegelman BM. Degradation of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma is linked to ligand-dependent activation. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(24): 18527-33.
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , Issue.24 , pp. 18527-18533
    • Hauser, S.1    Adelmant, G.2    Sarraf, P.3    Wright, H.M.4    Mueller, E.5    Spiegelman, B.M.6
  • 52
    • 0037040272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma-mediated activation and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of PPARgamma in adipocytes
    • Floyd ZE, Stephens JM. Interferon-gamma-mediated activation and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of PPARgamma in adipocytes. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(6): 4062-8.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , Issue.6 , pp. 4062-4068
    • Floyd, Z.E.1    Stephens, J.M.2
  • 53
    • 0030771852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA binding properties of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtypes on various natural peroxisome proliferator response elements. Importance of the 5'-flanking region
    • Juge-Aubry C, Pernin A, Favez T, et al. DNA binding properties of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtypes on various natural peroxisome proliferator response elements. Importance of the 5'-flanking region. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(40): 25252-9.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , Issue.40 , pp. 25252-25259
    • Juge-Aubry, C.1    Pernin, A.2    Favez, T.3
  • 54
    • 0036779687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging roles of PPARs in inflammation and immunity
    • Daynes RA, Jones DC. Emerging roles of PPARs in inflammation and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2002; 2(10): 748-59.
    • (2002) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.2 , Issue.10 , pp. 748-759
    • Daynes, R.A.1    Jones, D.C.2
  • 56
    • 0037422595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of an intracellular receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA): LPA is a transcellular PPARgamma agonist
    • McIntyre TM, Pontsler AV, Silva AR, et al. Identification of an intracellular receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA): LPA is a transcellular PPARgamma agonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100(1): 131-6.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-136
    • McIntyre, T.M.1    Pontsler, A.V.2    Silva, A.R.3
  • 57
    • 67651089911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligands as potential therapeutic agents to treat arthritis
    • Giaginis C, Giagini A, Theocharis S. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligands as potential therapeutic agents to treat arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2009; 60(3): 160-9.
    • (2009) Pharmacol Res , vol.60 , Issue.3 , pp. 160-169
    • Giaginis, C.1    Giagini, A.2    Theocharis, S.3
  • 58
    • 19244365650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones
    • Yki-Jarvinen H. Thiazolidinediones. N Engl J Med 2004; 351(11): 1106-18.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , Issue.11 , pp. 1106-1118
    • Yki-Jarvinen, H.1
  • 59
    • 53549085157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: What is their place in therapy?
    • Krentz AJ, Patel MB, Bailey CJ. New drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: what is their place in therapy? Drugs 2008; 68(15): 2131-62.
    • (2008) Drugs , vol.68 , Issue.15 , pp. 2131-2162
    • Krentz, A.J.1    Patel, M.B.2    Bailey, C.J.3
  • 60
    • 79960855656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bardoxolone methyl and kidney function in CKD with type 2 diabetes
    • Pergola PE, Raskin P, Toto RD, et al. Bardoxolone methyl and kidney function in CKD with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med, 2011. 365(4): 327-36.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , Issue.4 , pp. 327-336
    • Pergola, P.E.1    Raskin, P.2    Toto, R.D.3
  • 61
    • 0033777347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A synthetic triterpenoid, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), is a ligand for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
    • Wang Y, Porter WW, Suh N, et al. A synthetic triterpenoid, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), is a ligand for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Mol Endocrinol 2000; 14(10): 1550-6.
    • (2000) Mol Endocrinol , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 1550-1556
    • Wang, Y.1    Porter, W.W.2    Suh, N.3
  • 62
    • 74049159051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) modulation as a strategy for safer therapeutic PPARgamma activation
    • Higgins LS, Depaoli AM. Selective peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) modulation as a strategy for safer therapeutic PPARgamma activation. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91(1): 267S-72S.
    • (2010) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 267-272
    • Higgins, L.S.1    Depaoli, A.M.2
  • 63
    • 80053131732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidiabetic actions of a non-agonist PPARgamma ligand blocking Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation
    • Choi JH, Banks AS, Kamenecka TM, et al. Antidiabetic actions of a non-agonist PPARgamma ligand blocking Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation. Nature, 2011; 477: 477-81.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.477 , pp. 477-481
    • Choi, J.H.1    Banks, A.S.2    Kamenecka, T.M.3
  • 64
    • 50649097541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat and beyond: The diverse biology of PPARgamma
    • Tontonoz P, Spiegelman BM. Fat and beyond: the diverse biology of PPARgamma. Annu Rev Biochem 2008; 77: 289-312.
    • (2008) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.77 , pp. 289-312
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Spiegelman, B.M.2
  • 65
    • 78649384431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of PPARgamma on hypertension, atherosclerosis, and chronic kidney disease
    • Sugawara A, Uruno A, Kudo M, Matsuda K, Yang CW, Ito S. Effects of PPARgamma on hypertension, atherosclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Endocr J 2010; 57(10): 847-52.
    • (2010) Endocr J , vol.57 , Issue.10 , pp. 847-852
    • Sugawara, A.1    Uruno, A.2    Kudo, M.3    Matsuda, K.4    Yang, C.W.5    Ito, S.6
  • 66
    • 78650257620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARgamma in bone homeostasis
    • Wan Y. PPARgamma in bone homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010; 21(12): 722-8.
    • (2010) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 722-728
    • Wan, Y.1
  • 67
    • 70349387354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional implications of genetic variation in human PPARgamma
    • Jeninga EH, Gurnell M, Kalkhoven E. Functional implications of genetic variation in human PPARgamma. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2009; 20(8): 380-7.
    • (2009) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 380-387
    • Jeninga, E.H.1    Gurnell, M.2    Kalkhoven, E.3
  • 68
    • 33748937223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-DNA binding, dominant-negative, human PPARgamma mutations cause lipodystrophic insulin resistance
    • Agostini M, Schoenmakers E, Mitchell C, et al. Non-DNA binding, dominant-negative, human PPARgamma mutations cause lipodystrophic insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2006; 4(4): 303-11.
    • (2006) Cell Metab , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 303-311
    • Agostini, M.1    Schoenmakers, E.2    Mitchell, C.3
  • 69
    • 0033213637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR gamma is required for placental, cardiac, and adipose tissue development
    • Barak Y, Nelson MC, Ong ES, et al. PPAR gamma is required for placental, cardiac, and adipose tissue development. Mol Cell 1999; 4(4): 585-95.
    • (1999) Mol Cell , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 585-595
    • Barak, Y.1    Nelson, M.C.2    Ong, E.S.3
  • 70
    • 43049092988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antiproliferative BMP-2/PPARgamma/apoE axis in human and murine SMCs and its role in pulmonary hypertension
    • Hansmann G, de Jesus Perez VA, Alastalo TP, et al. An antiproliferative BMP-2/PPARgamma/apoE axis in human and murine SMCs and its role in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2008; 118(5): 1846-57.
    • (2008) J Clin Invest , vol.118 , Issue.5 , pp. 1846-1857
    • Hansmann, G.1    de Jesus Perez, V.A.2    Alastalo, T.P.3
  • 71
    • 71949120983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tie2-mediated loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in mice causes PDGF receptor-beta-dependent pulmonary arterial muscularization
    • Guignabert C, Alvira CM, Alastalo TP, et al. Tie2-mediated loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in mice causes PDGF receptor-beta-dependent pulmonary arterial muscularization. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 297(6): L1082-90.
    • (2009) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.297 , Issue.6
    • Guignabert, C.1    Alvira, C.M.2    Alastalo, T.P.3
  • 72
    • 82855167230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PPAR{gamma} Ligand, Rosiglitazone, Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Endothelin Signaling In Vitro and In Vivo
    • Kang BY, Kleinhenz JM, Murphy TC, Hart CM. The PPAR{gamma} Ligand, Rosiglitazone, Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Endothelin Signaling In Vitro and In Vivo. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301: L881-91.
    • (2011) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.301
    • Kang, B.Y.1    Kleinhenz, J.M.2    Murphy, T.C.3    Hart, C.M.4
  • 73
    • 0033213631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR gamma is required for the differentiation of adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro
    • Rosen ED, Sarraf P, Troy AE, et al. PPAR gamma is required for the differentiation of adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell 1999; 4(4): 611-7.
    • (1999) Mol Cell , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 611-617
    • Rosen, E.D.1    Sarraf, P.2    Troy, A.E.3
  • 74
    • 0015256628 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of subcutaneous tissue in systemic scleroderma
    • Fleischmajer R, Damiano V, Nedwich A. Alteration of subcutaneous tissue in systemic scleroderma. Arch Dermatol 1972; 105(1): 59-66.
    • (1972) Arch Dermatol , vol.105 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-66
    • Fleischmajer, R.1    Damiano, V.2    Nedwich, A.3
  • 75
    • 59649085854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone abrogates bleomycin-induced scleroderma and blocks profibrotic responses through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma
    • Wu M, Melichian DS, Chang E, Warner-Blankenship M, Ghosh AK, Varga J. Rosiglitazone abrogates bleomycin-induced scleroderma and blocks profibrotic responses through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Am J Pathol 2009; 174(2): 519-33.
    • (2009) Am J Pathol , vol.174 , Issue.2 , pp. 519-533
    • Wu, M.1    Melichian, D.S.2    Chang, E.3    Warner-Blankenship, M.4    Ghosh, A.K.5    Varga, J.6
  • 76
    • 0036086797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upregulation of type I collagen by TGF-beta in mesangial cells is blocked by PPARgamma activation
    • Zheng F, Fornoni A, Elliot SJ, et al. Upregulation of type I collagen by TGF-beta in mesangial cells is blocked by PPARgamma activation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 282(4): F639-48.
    • (2002) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol , vol.282 , Issue.4
    • Zheng, F.1    Fornoni, A.2    Elliot, S.J.3
  • 77
    • 0034680787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors and hepatic stellate cell activation
    • Miyahara T, Schrum L, Rippe R, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors and hepatic stellate cell activation. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(46): 35715-22.
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , Issue.46 , pp. 35715-35722
    • Miyahara, T.1    Schrum, L.2    Rippe, R.3
  • 78
    • 0346373643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity is deficient in alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis
    • Culver DA, Barna BP, Raychaudhuri B, et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity is deficient in alveolar macrophages in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 30(1): 1-5.
    • (2004) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-5
    • Culver, D.A.1    Barna, B.P.2    Raychaudhuri, B.3
  • 79
    • 65049088590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hair follicle stem cellspecific PPARgamma deletion causes scarring alopecia
    • Karnik P, Tekeste Z, McCormick TS, et al. Hair follicle stem cellspecific PPARgamma deletion causes scarring alopecia. J Invest Dermatol 2009; 129(5): 1243-57.
    • (2009) J Invest Dermatol , vol.129 , Issue.5 , pp. 1243-1257
    • Karnik, P.1    Tekeste, Z.2    McCormick, T.S.3
  • 80
    • 33749322086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in liver fibrosis
    • Yang L, Chan CC, Kwon OS, et al. Regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in liver fibrosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 291(5): G902-11.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.291 , Issue.5
    • Yang, L.1    Chan, C.C.2    Kwon, O.S.3
  • 81
    • 68949144596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective peroxisomal proliferators activated receptor gamma activity due to dominantnegative mutation synergizes with hypertension to accelerate cardiac fibrosis in mice
    • Kis A, Murdoch C, Zhang M, et al. Defective peroxisomal proliferators activated receptor gamma activity due to dominantnegative mutation synergizes with hypertension to accelerate cardiac fibrosis in mice. Eur J Heart Fail 2009; 11(6): 533-41.
    • (2009) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 533-541
    • Kis, A.1    Murdoch, C.2    Zhang, M.3
  • 82
    • 69449094871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in mouse fibroblasts results in increased susceptibility to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis
    • Kapoor M, McCann M, Liu S, et al. Loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in mouse fibroblasts results in increased susceptibility to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 60(9): 2822-9.
    • (2009) Arthritis Rheum , vol.60 , Issue.9 , pp. 2822-2829
    • Kapoor, M.1    McCann, M.2    Liu, S.3
  • 83
    • 48349108129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutive Smad signaling and Smad-dependent collagen gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma
    • Ghosh AK, Wei J, Wu M, Varga J. Constitutive Smad signaling and Smad-dependent collagen gene expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374(2): 231-6.
    • (2008) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.374 , Issue.2 , pp. 231-236
    • Ghosh, A.K.1    Wei, J.2    Wu, M.3    Varga, J.4
  • 84
    • 79958036406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canonical Wnt signaling induces skin fibrosis and subcutaneous lipoatrophy: A novel mouse model for scleroderma?
    • Wei J, Melichian D, Komura K, et al. Canonical Wnt signaling induces skin fibrosis and subcutaneous lipoatrophy: a novel mouse model for scleroderma? Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63(6): 1707-17.
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum , vol.63 , Issue.6 , pp. 1707-1717
    • Wei, J.1    Melichian, D.2    Komura, K.3
  • 85
    • 77950433107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone alleviates the persistent fibrotic phenotype of lesional skin scleroderma fibroblasts
    • Shi-wen X, Eastwood M, Stratton RJ, Denton CP, Leask A, Abraham DJ, Rosiglitazone alleviates the persistent fibrotic phenotype of lesional skin scleroderma fibroblasts. Rheumatology 2010; 49(2): 259-63.
    • (2010) Rheumatology , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 259-263
    • Shi-wen, X.1    Eastwood, M.2    Stratton, R.J.3    Denton, C.P.4    Leask, A.5    Abraham, D.J.6
  • 86
    • 76649115304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A TGFbetaresponsive gene signature is associated with a subset of diffuse scleroderma with increased disease severity
    • Sargent JL, Milano A, Bhattacharyya S, et al. A TGFbetaresponsive gene signature is associated with a subset of diffuse scleroderma with increased disease severity. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130(3): 694-705.
    • (2010) J Invest Dermatol , vol.130 , Issue.3 , pp. 694-705
    • Sargent, J.L.1    Milano, A.2    Bhattacharyya, S.3
  • 87
    • 65349162789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin in health and disease: Evaluation of adiponectin-targeted drug development strategies
    • Shetty S, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Adiponectin in health and disease: evaluation of adiponectin-targeted drug development strategies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2009; 30(5): 234-9.
    • (2009) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 234-239
    • Shetty, S.1    Kusminski, C.M.2    Scherer, P.E.3
  • 88
    • 80955178799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin expression is decreased in the involved skin and sera of diffuse cutaneous scleroderma patients
    • Arakawa H, Jinnin M, Muchemwa FC, et al. Adiponectin expression is decreased in the involved skin and sera of diffuse cutaneous scleroderma patients. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20(9): 764-6.
    • (2011) Exp Dermatol , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 764-766
    • Arakawa, H.1    Jinnin, M.2    Muchemwa, F.C.3
  • 89
    • 84860272867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of adiponectin, a marker for PPAR-gamma activity, correlate with skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: Potential utility as biomarker?
    • Lakota K, Wei J, Carns M, et al. Levels of adiponectin, a marker for PPAR-gamma activity, correlate with skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: potential utility as biomarker? Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14(3): R102.
    • (2012) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.14 , Issue.3
    • Lakota, K.1    Wei, J.2    Carns, M.3
  • 90
    • 84863964211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PPAR agonist rosiglitazone is antifibrotic for scleroderma lung fibroblasts: Mechanisms of action and differential racial effects
    • Bogatkevich GS, Highland KB, Akter T, Silver RM. The PPAR agonist rosiglitazone is antifibrotic for scleroderma lung fibroblasts: mechanisms of action and differential racial effects. Pulm Med 2012; 2012: 545172.
    • (2012) Pulm Med , vol.2012 , pp. 545172
    • Bogatkevich, G.S.1    Highland, K.B.2    Akter, T.3    Silver, R.M.4
  • 91
    • 1842733168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of transforming growth factor beta signaling and profibrotic responses in normal skin fibroblasts by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
    • Ghosh AK, Bhattacharyya S, Lakos G, Chen SJ, Mori Y, Varga J. Disruption of transforming growth factor beta signaling and profibrotic responses in normal skin fibroblasts by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50(4): 1305-18.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 1305-1318
    • Ghosh, A.K.1    Bhattacharyya, S.2    Lakos, G.3    Chen, S.J.4    Mori, Y.5    Varga, J.6
  • 92
    • 18844458812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARgamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta induced pulmonary myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production: Implications for therapy of lung fibrosis
    • Burgess HA, Daugherty LE, Thatcher TH, et al. PPARgamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta induced pulmonary myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production: implications for therapy of lung fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 288(6): L1146-53.
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.288 , Issue.6
    • Burgess, H.A.1    Daugherty, L.E.2    Thatcher, T.H.3
  • 93
    • 0033855572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma modulate profibrogenic and proinflammatory actions in hepatic stellate cells
    • Marra F, Efsen E, Romanelli RG, et al. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma modulate profibrogenic and proinflammatory actions in hepatic stellate cells. Gastroenterology 2000; 119(2): 466-78.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.119 , Issue.2 , pp. 466-478
    • Marra, F.1    Efsen, E.2    Romanelli, R.G.3
  • 94
    • 77952469124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of PPAR gamma ligands on TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells
    • Tan X, Dagher H, Hutton CA, Bourke JE. Effects of PPAR gamma ligands on TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells. Respir Res 2010; 11: 21.
    • (2010) Respir Res , vol.11 , pp. 21
    • Tan, X.1    Dagher, H.2    Hutton, C.A.3    Bourke, J.E.4
  • 95
    • 45849149234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit profibrotic phenotypes in human lung fibroblasts and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
    • Milam JE, Keshamouni VG, Phan SH, et al. PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit profibrotic phenotypes in human lung fibroblasts and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2008; 294(5): L891-901.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.294 , Issue.5
    • Milam, J.E.1    Keshamouni, V.G.2    Phan, S.H.3
  • 96
    • 64449087454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand, suppresses bleomycin-induced acute lung injury and fibrosis
    • Aoki Y, Maeno T, Aoyagi K, et al. Pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand, suppresses bleomycin-induced acute lung injury and fibrosis. Respiration 2009; 77(3): 311-9.
    • (2009) Respiration , vol.77 , Issue.3 , pp. 311-319
    • Aoki, Y.1    Maeno, T.2    Aoyagi, K.3
  • 98
    • 77952070217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR)gamma can inhibit chronic renal allograft damage
    • Kiss E, Popovic ZV, Bedke J, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR)gamma can inhibit chronic renal allograft damage. Am J Pathol 2010; 176(5): 2150-62.
    • (2010) Am J Pathol , vol.176 , Issue.5 , pp. 2150-2162
    • Kiss, E.1    Popovic, Z.V.2    Bedke, J.3
  • 99
    • 79551566710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR-gamma agonist ameliorates kidney and liver disease in an orthologous rat model of human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
    • Yoshihara D, Kurahashi H, Morita M, et al. PPAR-gamma agonist ameliorates kidney and liver disease in an orthologous rat model of human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 300(2): F465-74.
    • (2011) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol , vol.300 , Issue.2
    • Yoshihara, D.1    Kurahashi, H.2    Morita, M.3
  • 100
    • 0141928168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-alpha and receptor-gamma activators prevent cardiac fibrosis in mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension
    • Iglarz M, Touyz RM, Viel EC, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-alpha and receptor-gamma activators prevent cardiac fibrosis in mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension. Hypertension 2003; 42(4): 737-43.
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 737-743
    • Iglarz, M.1    Touyz, R.M.2    Viel, E.C.3
  • 101
    • 79957610506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan, a unique ARB, improves left ventricular remodeling of infarcted heart by activating PPAR gamma
    • Maejima Y, Okada H, Haraguchi G, et al. Telmisartan, a unique ARB, improves left ventricular remodeling of infarcted heart by activating PPAR gamma. Lab Invest 2011; 91(6): 932-44.
    • (2011) Lab Invest , vol.91 , Issue.6 , pp. 932-944
    • Maejima, Y.1    Okada, H.2    Haraguchi, G.3
  • 102
    • 0842308111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pioglitazone prevents hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and enzymealtered lesions in rat liver cirrhosis induced by a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet
    • Kawaguchi K, Sakaida I, Tsuchiya M, Omori K, Takami T, Okita K. Pioglitazone prevents hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and enzymealtered lesions in rat liver cirrhosis induced by a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 315(1): 187-95.
    • (2004) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.315 , Issue.1 , pp. 187-195
    • Kawaguchi, K.1    Sakaida, I.2    Tsuchiya, M.3    Omori, K.4    Takami, T.5    Okita, K.6
  • 103
    • 23944486588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma agonist, pioglitazone, inhibits fat accumulation and fibrosis in the livers of rats fed a cholinedeficient, l-amino acid-defined diet
    • Uto H, Nakanishi C, Ido A, et al. The peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma agonist, pioglitazone, inhibits fat accumulation and fibrosis in the livers of rats fed a cholinedeficient, l-amino acid-defined diet. Hepatol Res 2005; 32(4): 235-42.
    • (2005) Hepatol Res , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 235-242
    • Uto, H.1    Nakanishi, C.2    Ido, A.3
  • 104
    • 13844294429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rosiglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on bleomycin-induced lung injury
    • Genovese T, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, et al. Effect of rosiglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 on bleomycin-induced lung injury. Eur Respir J 2005; 25(2): 225-34.
    • (2005) Eur Respir J , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-234
    • Genovese, T.1    Cuzzocrea, S.2    Di Paola, R.3
  • 105
    • 2342455049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is expressed in airways and inhibits features of airway remodeling in a mouse asthma model
    • Honda K, Marquillies P, Capron M, Dombrowicz D. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is expressed in airways and inhibits features of airway remodeling in a mouse asthma model. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 113(5): 882-8.
    • (2004) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.113 , Issue.5 , pp. 882-888
    • Honda, K.1    Marquillies, P.2    Capron, M.3    Dombrowicz, D.4
  • 106
    • 79957945650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin promotes fibroproliferative acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma
    • Jain M, Budinger GR, Lo A, et al. Leptin promotes fibroproliferative acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183(11): 1490-8.
    • (2011) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.183 , Issue.11 , pp. 1490-1498
    • Jain, M.1    Budinger, G.R.2    Lo, A.3
  • 107
    • 34247160020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 deficiency is associated with elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: Regulation by prostaglandin E2 via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt pathway
    • Kapoor M, Kojima F, Qian M, Yang L, Crofford LJ. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 deficiency is associated with elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: regulation by prostaglandin E2 via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt pathway. J Biol Chem 2007; 282(8): 5356-66.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.8 , pp. 5356-5366
    • Kapoor, M.1    Kojima, F.2    Qian, M.3    Yang, L.4    Crofford, L.J.5
  • 108
    • 78951474761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mPGES-1 null mice are resistant to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis
    • McCann MR, Monemdjou R, Ghassemi-Kakroodi P, et al. mPGES-1 null mice are resistant to bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13(1): R6.
    • (2011) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.13 , Issue.1
    • McCann, M.R.1    Monemdjou, R.2    Ghassemi-Kakroodi, P.3
  • 109
    • 84856049288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteasomal inhibition after injury prevents fibrosis by modulating TGF-{beta}1 signalling
    • Mutlu GM, Budinger GR, Wu M, et al. Proteasomal inhibition after injury prevents fibrosis by modulating TGF-{beta}1 signalling. Thorax 2011; 67: 139-46.
    • (2011) Thorax , vol.67 , pp. 139-146
    • Mutlu, G.M.1    Budinger, G.R.2    Wu, M.3
  • 110
    • 76649142440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-beta in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
    • Varga J, Whitfield ML. Transforming growth factor-beta in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2009; 1: 226-35.
    • (2009) Front Biosci (Schol Ed) , vol.1 , pp. 226-235
    • Varga, J.1    Whitfield, M.L.2
  • 111
    • 67650480995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor beta as a therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis
    • Varga J, Pasche B. Transforming growth factor beta as a therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2009; 5(4): 200-6.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 200-206
    • Varga, J.1    Pasche, B.2
  • 112
    • 70349331686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma abrogates Smad-dependent collagen stimulation by targeting the p300 transcriptional coactivator
    • Ghosh AK, Bhattacharyya S, Wei J, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma abrogates Smad-dependent collagen stimulation by targeting the p300 transcriptional coactivator. FASEB J 2009; 23(9): 2968-77.
    • (2009) FASEB J , vol.23 , Issue.9 , pp. 2968-2977
    • Ghosh, A.K.1    Bhattacharyya, S.2    Wei, J.3
  • 113
    • 35848951176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transcriptional coactivator and acetyltransferase p300 in fibroblast biology and fibrosis
    • Ghosh AK, Varga J. The transcriptional coactivator and acetyltransferase p300 in fibroblast biology and fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2007; 213(3): 663-71.
    • (2007) J Cell Physiol , vol.213 , Issue.3 , pp. 663-671
    • Ghosh, A.K.1    Varga, J.2
  • 114
    • 78650450648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma activation inhibits tumor metastasis by antagonizing Smad3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition
    • Reka AK, Kurapati H, Narala VR, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma activation inhibits tumor metastasis by antagonizing Smad3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cancer Ther 2010; 9(12): 3221-32.
    • (2010) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 3221-3232
    • Reka, A.K.1    Kurapati, H.2    Narala, V.R.3
  • 115
  • 116
    • 34547956524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of human circulating fibrocytes as mediated by transforming growth factor-beta and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma
    • Hong KM, Belperio JA, Keane MP, Burdick MD, Strieter RM. Differentiation of human circulating fibrocytes as mediated by transforming growth factor-beta and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma. J Biol Chem 2007; 282(31): 22910-20.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.31 , pp. 22910-22920
    • Hong, K.M.1    Belperio, J.A.2    Keane, M.P.3    Burdick, M.D.4    Strieter, R.M.5
  • 117
    • 70349237004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential roles for early growth response transcription factor Egr-1 in tissue fibrosis and wound healing
    • Wu M, Melichian DS, de la Garza M, et al. Essential roles for early growth response transcription factor Egr-1 in tissue fibrosis and wound healing. Am J Pathol 2009; 175(3): 1041-55.
    • (2009) Am J Pathol , vol.175 , Issue.3 , pp. 1041-1055
    • Wu, M.1    Melichian, D.S.2    de la Garza, M.3
  • 118
    • 70350447820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation alleviates postoperative ileus in mice by inhibition of Egr-1 expression and its downstream target genes
    • De Backer O, Elinck E, Priem E, Leybaert L, Lefebvre RA. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation alleviates postoperative ileus in mice by inhibition of Egr-1 expression and its downstream target genes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 331(2): 496-503.
    • (2009) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.331 , Issue.2 , pp. 496-503
    • De Backer, O.1    Elinck, E.2    Priem, E.3    Leybaert, L.4    Lefebvre, R.A.5
  • 119
    • 33645454825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte growth factor is a downstream effector that mediates the antifibrotic action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists
    • Li Y, Wen X, Spataro BC, Hu K, Dai C, Liu Y. hepatocyte growth factor is a downstream effector that mediates the antifibrotic action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17(1): 54-65.
    • (2006) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 54-65
    • Li, Y.1    Wen, X.2    Spataro, B.C.3    Hu, K.4    Dai, C.5    Liu, Y.6
  • 120
    • 82455174787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin inhibits leptin signaling via multiple mechanisms to exert protective effects against hepatic fibrosis
    • Handy JA, Fu P, Kumar P, et al. Adiponectin inhibits leptin signaling via multiple mechanisms to exert protective effects against hepatic fibrosis. Biochem J 2011; 440: 385-95.
    • (2011) Biochem J , vol.440 , pp. 385-395
    • Handy, J.A.1    Fu, P.2    Kumar, P.3
  • 121
    • 79955619059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin induces the transforming growth factor decoy receptor BAMBI in human hepatocytes
    • Wanninger J, Neumeier M, Bauer S, et al. Adiponectin induces the transforming growth factor decoy receptor BAMBI in human hepatocytes. FEBS Lett 2011; 585(9): 1338-44.
    • (2011) FEBS Lett , vol.585 , Issue.9 , pp. 1338-1344
    • Wanninger, J.1    Neumeier, M.2    Bauer, S.3
  • 122
    • 79959439461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin regulation of stellate cell activation via PPARgamma-dependent and-independent mechanisms
    • Shafiei MS, Shetty S, Scherer PE, Rockey DC. Adiponectin regulation of stellate cell activation via PPARgamma-dependent and-independent mechanisms. Am J Pathol 2011; 178(6): 2690-9.
    • (2011) Am J Pathol , vol.178 , Issue.6 , pp. 2690-2699
    • Shafiei, M.S.1    Shetty, S.2    Scherer, P.E.3    Rockey, D.C.4
  • 123
    • 33745279115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoic acid X receptor alpha represses the TGFbeta1 gene via PTEN-mediated p70 ribosomal S6 kinase-1 inhibition: Role for Zf9 dephosphorylation
    • Lee SJ, Yang EK, Kim SG. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoic acid X receptor alpha represses the TGFbeta1 gene via PTEN-mediated p70 ribosomal S6 kinase-1 inhibition: role for Zf9 dephosphorylation. Mol Pharmacol 2006; 70(1): 415-25.
    • (2006) Mol Pharmacol , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 415-425
    • Lee, S.J.1    Yang, E.K.2    Kim, S.G.3
  • 124
    • 30344485686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation by PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on chromosome 10)
    • White ES, Atrasz RG, Hu B, et al. Negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation by PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on chromosome 10). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173(1): 112-21.
    • (2006) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.173 , Issue.1 , pp. 112-121
    • White, E.S.1    Atrasz, R.G.2    Hu, B.3
  • 125
    • 77954230505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate has a potent antifibrotic effect in scleroderma fibroblasts via normalization of phosphatase and tensin homolog levels
    • Bu S, Asano Y, Bujor A, Highland K, Hant F, Trojanowska M. Dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate has a potent antifibrotic effect in scleroderma fibroblasts via normalization of phosphatase and tensin homolog levels. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(7): 2117-26.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 2117-2126
    • Bu, S.1    Asano, Y.2    Bujor, A.3    Highland, K.4    Hant, F.5    Trojanowska, M.6
  • 126
    • 30344438826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PTEN as a new agent in the fight against fibrogenesis
    • Kuwano K. PTEN as a new agent in the fight against fibrogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173(1): 5-6.
    • (2006) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.173 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-6
    • Kuwano, K.1
  • 127
    • 79251563128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR-gamma ligands repress TGFbeta-induced myofibroblast differentiation by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway: Implications for therapy of fibrosis
    • Kulkarni AA, Thatcher TH, Olsen KC, Maggirwar SB, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. PPAR-gamma ligands repress TGFbeta-induced myofibroblast differentiation by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway: implications for therapy of fibrosis. PLoS One 2011; 6(1): e15909.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.1
    • Kulkarni, A.A.1    Thatcher, T.H.2    Olsen, K.C.3    Maggirwar, S.B.4    Phipps, R.P.5    Sime, P.J.6
  • 128
    • 82955232388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-catenin signaling: A novel mediator of fibrosis and potential therapeutic target
    • Lam AP, Gottardi CJ. Beta-catenin signaling: a novel mediator of fibrosis and potential therapeutic target. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2011; 23(6): 562-7.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Rheumatol , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 562-567
    • Lam, A.P.1    Gottardi, C.J.2
  • 129
    • 82755197822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3{beta} induces dermal fibrosis by activation of the canonical Wnt pathway
    • Bergmann C, Akhmetshina A, Dees C, et al. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3{beta} induces dermal fibrosis by activation of the canonical Wnt pathway. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70: 2191-8.
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , pp. 2191-2198
    • Bergmann, C.1    Akhmetshina, A.2    Dees, C.3
  • 130
    • 84863923526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wnt/-catenin signaling is hyperactivated in systemic sclerosis and induces Smad-dependent fibrotic responses in mesenchymal cells
    • doi: 10.1002/art.3442
    • Wei J, Fang F, Lam AP, et al. Wnt/-catenin signaling is hyperactivated in systemic sclerosis and induces Smad-dependent fibrotic responses in mesenchymal cells. Arthritis Rheum 2012; doi: 10.1002/art.3442.
    • (2012) Arthritis Rheum
    • Wei, J.1    Fang, F.2    Lam, A.P.3
  • 131
    • 77949272169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones increase the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) inhibitor Dickkopf-1 in adipocytes: A link with osteogenesis
    • Gustafson B, Eliasson B, Smith U. Thiazolidinediones increase the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) inhibitor Dickkopf-1 in adipocytes: a link with osteogenesis. Diabetologia 2010; 53(3): 536-40.
    • (2010) Diabetologia , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 536-540
    • Gustafson, B.1    Eliasson, B.2    Smith, U.3
  • 132
    • 77952669603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression of beta-catenin signaling by PPAR gamma ligands
    • Lu D, Carson DA. Repression of beta-catenin signaling by PPAR gamma ligands. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 636(1-3): 198-202.
    • (2010) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.636 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 198-202
    • Lu, D.1    Carson, D.A.2
  • 133
    • 0038389113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression is decreased in pulmonary hypertension and affects endothelial cell growth
    • Ameshima S, Golpon H, Cool CD, et al. Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression is decreased in pulmonary hypertension and affects endothelial cell growth. Circ Res 2003; 92(10): 1162-9.
    • (2003) Circ Res , vol.92 , Issue.10 , pp. 1162-1169
    • Ameshima, S.1    Golpon, H.2    Cool, C.D.3
  • 134
    • 77950485024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone attenuates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in a mouse model
    • Nisbet RE, Bland JM, Kleinhenz DJ, et al. Rosiglitazone attenuates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in a mouse model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2010; 42(4): 482-90.
    • (2010) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 482-490
    • Nisbet, R.E.1    Bland, J.M.2    Kleinhenz, D.J.3
  • 135
    • 77954594805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARgamma activation: A potential treatment for pulmonary hypertension
    • Hansmann G, Zamanian RT. PPARgamma activation: a potential treatment for pulmonary hypertension. Sci Transl Med 2009; 1(12): 12ps14.
    • (2009) Sci Transl Med , vol.1 , Issue.12
    • Hansmann, G.1    Zamanian, R.T.2
  • 136
    • 34250212715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes
    • Nissen SE, Wolski K. Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med 2007; 356(24): 2457-71.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.24 , pp. 2457-2471
    • Nissen, S.E.1    Wolski, K.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.