Regulating TRAIL receptor-induced cell death at the membrane: A deadly discussion

Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 311-323

  Shirley, Sarah ^a   Morizot, Alexandre ^a   Micheau, Olivier ^a,b,c  

^a Institut Médical de Génétique et d Immunologie   (France)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE BOURGOGNE   (France)

^c CENTRE GEORGES FRANÇOIS LECLERC   (France)

Author keywords

C FLIP; Chemotherapy; Death domain; Death effector domain; DISC; FADD; Scaffold; TRAIL; TRAIL R4

Indexed keywords

ADAPTOR PROTEIN; BINDING PROTEIN; DEATH ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 3; DEATH DOMAIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEIN; DEATH RECEPTOR 4; DEATH RECEPTOR 5; EDELFOSINE; FLICE INHIBITORY PROTEIN; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVATING DEATH DOMAIN; MODULATOR OF APOPTOSIS 1 PROTEIN; PHOSPHOPROTEIN; PROTEIN ARC; PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE; PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 5; PROTEIN DEDD; PROTEIN PEA15; PROTEIN RIP; RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN FAMILY 1A PROTEIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND RECEPTOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND RECEPTOR 3; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL DEATH; CELL MEMBRANE; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; LIPID RAFT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; REGULATORY MECHANISM; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TUMOR CELL;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; APOPTOSIS REGULATORY PROTEINS; CELL DEATH; CELL MEMBRANE; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; RECEPTORS, TNF-RELATED APOPTOSIS-INDUCING LIGAND; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 80052322060     PISSN: 15748928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157489211796957757     Document Type: Article

References (194)

1. Ashkenazi A, Holland P, Eckhardt SG. Ligand-based targeting of apoptosis in cancer: The potential of recombinant human apoptosis ligand 2/Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhApo2L/TRAIL). J Clin Oncol 2008; 26(21): 3621-3630.
2. Newsom-Davis T, Prieske S, Walczak H. Is TRAIL the holy grail of cancer therapy? Apoptosis 2009; 14(4): 607-623.
3. Angell, Y.M., Bhandari, A., Green, J., Schatz, P.J., Holmes, C.P. Compounds and peptides that bind the trail receptor. US20090131317 (2009).
4. Ashkenazi, A. Apo-2LI and APO-3 polypeptides. US6469144 (2002).
5. Ashkenazi, A., Kelley, R.F., O'connell, M.P., Pitti, R.M., Schwall, R.A. Substitutional variants of APO-2 ligand. US6740739 (2004).
6. Ashkenazi, A., Benyunes, M., Schwall, R. APO-2L receptor agonist and CPT-11 synergism. US20070026000 (2007).
7. Nagane, M., Cavenee, W., Huang, S. Compositions of trail and DNA damaging drugs and uses thereof. US6444640 (2002).
8. Ni, J., Rosen, C.A., Pan, J.G., Gentz, R.L., Dixit, V.M. Death domain containing receptor 4. US20050244857 (2005).
9. Ni, J., Gentz, R.L., Yu, G.-I., Rosen, C.A. Death domain containing receptor 5. US20050233958 (2005).
10. Wiley, S.R., Goodwin, R.G. Use of TRAIL polypeptides to induce apoptosis. US7736637 (2010).
11. Chuntharapai, A., Kim, K.J. Human dr4 antibodies and uses thereof. US20040147725 (2004).
12. Kimberly, R.P., Koopman, W.J., Lobuglio, A.F., Zhou, T., Buchsbaum, D.J., Ichikawa, K., Oshumi, J. Combinations of antibodies selective for a tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosisinducing ligand receptor and other therapeutic agents. US20090022707 (2009).
13. Li, B., Sidhu, S.S. Dr5 antibodies and uses thereof. US20080248037 (2008).
14. Lynch, D.H. Bispecific antibodies that bind TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2. US20020155109 (2002).
15. Ni, J., Rosen, C.A., Pan, J.G., Gentz, R.L., Dixit, V.M. Death domain containing receptor-4 antibodies. US6461823 (2002).
16. Ni, J., Gentz, R.L., Yu, G.-I., Rosen, C.A. Death domain containing receptor 5 antibodies. US6872568 (2005).
17. Salcedo, T., Ruben, S.M., Rosen, C.A., Albert, V.R., Dobson, C., Vaughan, T. Antibodies that immunospecifically bind to trail receptors. US7064189 (2006).
18. Wiley, S.R., Goodwin, R.G. Antibodies directed against trail. US6521228 (2003).
19. Zhou, T., Ichikawa, K., Kimberly, R.P., Koopman, W.J., Ohsumi, J., Lobuglio, A.F., Buchsbaum, D.J. Combinations of antibodies selective for DR5 and other theurapeutic agents. US7704502 (2010).
20. Griffith, T.S., Ratliff, T. Method of inducing tumor cell apoptosis using trail/APO-2 ligand gene transfer. US6900185 (2005).
21. Soria JC, Smit E, Khayat D, Besse B, Yang X, Hsu CP, et al. Phase 1b study of dulanermin (recombinant human APO2L/TRAIL) in combination with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bevacizumab in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28(9): 1527-1533.
22. Fox NL, Humphreys R, Luster TA, Klein J, Gallant G. Tumor Necrosis Factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) Receptor-1 and Receptor-2 agonists for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10(1): 1-18.
23. Merino D, Lalaoui N, Morizot A, Schneider P, Solary E, Micheau O. Differential inhibition of TRAIL-mediated DR5-DISC formation by decoy receptors 1 and 2. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26(19): 7046-7055.
24. Tartaglia LA, Ayres TM, Wong GH, Goeddel DV. A novel domain within the 55 kd TNF receptor signals cell death. Cell 1993; 74(5): 845-853.
25. Nikolaev A, McLaughlin T, O'Leary DD, Tessier-Lavigne M. APP binds DR6 to trigger axon pruning and neuron death via distinct caspases. Nature 2009;457 (7232):981-989.
26. Bodmer JL, Schneider P, Tschopp J. The molecular architecture of the TNF superfamily. Trends Biochem Sci 2002; 27(1): 19-26.
27. Schneider P, Holler N, Bodmer JL, Hahne M, Frei K, Fontana A, et al. Conversion of membrane-bound Fas(CD95) ligand to its soluble form is associated with downregulation of its proapoptotic activity and loss of liver toxicity. J Exp Med 1998; 187(8): 1205-1213.
28. Wajant H, Moosmayer D, Wuest T, Bartke T, Gerlach E, Schonherr U, et al. Differential activation of TRAIL-R1 and -2 by soluble and membrane TRAIL allows selective surface antigendirected activation of TRAIL-R2 by a soluble TRAIL derivative. Oncogene 2001; 20(30): 4101-4106.
29. Schneider P. Production of recombinant TRAIL and TRAIL receptor: Fcchimeric proteins. Methods Enzymol 2000;322: 325-345.
30. Screaton GR, Xu XN, Olsen AL, Cowper AE, Tan R, McMichael AJ, et al. LARD: a new lymphoid-specific death domain containing receptor regulated by alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(9): 4615-4619.
31. Leist M, Gantner F, Kunstle G, Bohlinger I, Tiegs G, Bluethmann H, et al. The 55-kD tumor necrosis factor receptor and CD95 independently signal murine hepatocyte apoptosis and subsequent liver failure. Mol Med 1996; 2(1): 109-124.
32. Ashkenazi A, Pai RC, Fong S, Leung S, Lawrence DA, Marsters SA, et al. Safety and antitumor activity of recombinant soluble Apo2 ligand. J Clin Invest 1999; 104(2): 155-162.
33. Herbst RS, Mendolson DS, Ebbinghaus S, Gordon MS, O'Dwyer M, Lieberman G, et al. A phase I safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) study of recombinant Apo2L/TRAIL, an apoptosis-inducing protein in patients with advanced cancer. J Clinl Oncol 2006; 24(18S): 3013.
34. Hotte SJ, Hirte HW, Chen EX, Siu LL, Le LH, Corey A, et al. A phase 1 study of mapatumumab (fully human monoclonal antibody to TRAIL-R1) in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14(11): 3450-3455.
35. Wakelee HA, Patnaik A, Sikic BI, Mita M, Fox NL, Miceli R, et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of lexatumumab (HGS-ETR2) given every 2 weeks in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2010; 21(2): 376-381.
36. Takeda K, Hayakawa Y, Smyth MJ, Kayagaki N, Yamaguchi N, Kakuta S, et al. Involvement of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in surveillance of tumor metastasis by liver natural killer cells. Nat Med 2001; 7(1): 94-100.
37. Cretney E, Takeda K, Yagita H, Glaccum M, Peschon JJ, Smyth MJ. Increased susceptibility to tumor initiation and metastasis in TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-deficient mice. J Immunol 2002; 168 (3): 1356-1361.
38. Grosse-Wilde A, Voloshanenko O, Bailey SL, Longton GM, Schaefer U, Csernok AI, et al. TRAIL-R deficiency in mice enhances lymph node metastasis without affecting primary tumor development. J Clin Invest 2008; 118(1): 100-110.
39. Nesterov A, Nikrad M, Johnson T, Kraft AS. Oncogenic Ras sensitizes normal human cells to tumor necrosis factor-alpharelated apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 2004; 64(11): 3922-3927.
40. Klefstrom J, Verschuren EW, Evan G. c-Myc augments the apoptotic activity of cytosolic death receptor signaling proteins by engaging the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(45): 43224-43232.
41. Wang Y, Quon KC, Knee DA, Nesterov A, Kraft AS. RAS, MYC, and sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor-alpha-related apoptosisinducing ligand-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 2005; 65(4): 1615-1616; author reply 1616-1617.
42. Galligan L, Longley DB, McEwan M, Wilson TR, McLaughlin K, Johnston PG. Chemotherapy and TRAIL-mediated colon cancer cell death: The roles of p53, TRAIL receptors, and c-FLIP. Mol Cancer Ther 2005; 4(12): 2026-2036.
43. Wu GS, Burns TF, McDonald ER, 3rd, Meng RD, Kao G, Muschel R, et al. Induction of the TRAIL receptor KILLER/DR5 in p53-dependent apoptosis but not growth arrest. Oncogene 1999; 18(47): 6411-6418.
44. Sheikh MS, Huang Y, Fernandez-Salas EA, El-Deiry WS, Friess H, Amundson S, et al. The antiapoptotic decoy receptor TRID/TRAIL-R3 is a p53-regulated DNA damage-inducible gene that is overexpressed in primary tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Oncogene 1999; 18 (28): 4153-4159.
45. Meng RD, McDonald ER, 3rd, Sheikh MS, Fornace AJ, Jr., El-Deiry WS. The TRAIL decoy receptor TRUNDD (DcR2, TRAILR4) is induced by adenovirus-p53 overexpression and can delay TRAIL-, p53-, and KILLER/DR5-dependent colon cancer apoptosis. Mol Ther 2000; 1(2): 130-144.
46. Tomasetti M, Andera L, Alleva R, Borghi B, Neuzil J, Procopio A. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate induces DR4 and DR5 expression by a p53-dependent route: Implication for sensitisation of resistant cancer cells to TRAIL apoptosis. FEBS Lett 2006; 580(8): 1925-19231.
47. Hu H, Jiang C, Schuster T, Li GX, Daniel PT, Lu J. Inorganic selenium sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through superoxide/p53/Bax-mediated activation of mitochondrial pathway. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5(7): 1873-1882.
48. Lee DH, Rhee JG, Lee YJ. Reactive oxygen species up-regulate p53 and Puma; a possible mechanism for apoptosis during combined treatment with TRAIL and wogonin. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 157(7): 1189-1202.
49. Carter BZ, Mak DH, Schober WD, Dietrich MF, Pinilla C, Vassilev LT, et al. Triptolide sensitizes AML cells to TRAILinduced apoptosis via decrease of XIAP and p53-mediated increase of DR5. Blood 2008; 111(7): 3742-3750.
50. Kuribayashi K, Krigsfeld G, Wang W, Xu J, Mayes PA, Dicker DT, et al. TNFSF10 (TRAIL), a p53 target gene that mediates p53-dependent cell death. Cancer Biol Ther 2008; 7(12): 2034-2038.
51. Toscano F, Fajoui ZE, Gay F, Lalaoui N, Parmentier B, Chayvialle JA, et al. P53-mediated upregulation of DcR1 impairs oxaliplatin/TRAIL-induced synergistic anti-tumour potential in colon cancer cells. Oncogene 2008; 27(30): 4161-4171.
52. Morizot A, Merino D, Lalaoui N, Jacquemin G, Granci V, Iessi E, et al. Chemotherapy overcomes TRAIL-R4-mediated TRAIL resistance at the DISC level. Cell Death Differ 2011; 18(4): 700-11.
53. Merino D, Lalaoui N, Morizot A, Solary E, Micheau O. TRAIL in cancer therapy: Present and future challenges. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2007; 11 (10): 1299-1314.
54. Micheau O. Cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein: An attractive therapeutic target? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2003; 7(4): 559-573.
55. Micheau O, Solary E, Hammann A, Martin F, Dimanche-Boitrel MT Sensitization of cancer cells treated with cytotoxic drugs to fasmediated cytotoxicity. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89(11): 783-789.
56. Ivanov VN, Hei TK. Sodium arsenite accelerates TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in melanoma cells through upregulation of TRAILR1/R2 surface levels and downregulation of cFLIP expression. Exp Cell Res 2006; 312(20): 4120-4138.
57. Frese S, Frese-Schaper M, Andres AC, Miescher D, Zumkehr B, Schmid RA. Cardiac glycosides initiate Apo2L/TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by up-regulation of death receptors 4 and 5. Cancer Res 2006; 66(11): 5867-5874.
58. Hetschko H, Voss V, Seifert V, Prehn JH, Kogel D. Upregulation of DR5 by proteasome inhibitors potently sensitizes glioma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. FEBS J 2008; 275(8): 1925-1936.
59. Nagane M, Pan G, Weddle JJ, Dixit VM, Cavenee WK, Huang HJ. Increased death receptor 5 expression by chemotherapeutic agents in human gliomas causes synergistic cytotoxicity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2000; 60(4): 847-853.
60. Sung B, Park B, Yadav VR, Aggarwal BB. Celastrol, a triterpene, enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the down-regulation of cell survival proteins and up-regulation of death receptors. J Biol Chem 2010; 285(15): 11498-11507.
61. Zeise E, Weichenthal M, Schwarz T, Kulms D. Resistance of human melanoma cells against the death ligand TRAIL is reversed by ultraviolet-B radiation via downregulation of FLIP. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 123(4): 746-754.
62. Kinoshita H, Yoshikawa H, Shiiki K, Hamada Y, Nakajima Y, Tasaka K. Cisplatin (CDDP) sensitizes human osteosarcoma cell to Fas/CD95-mediated apoptosis by down-regulating FLIP-L expression. Int J Cancer 2000; 88(6): 986-991.
63. Palacios C, Yerbes R, Lopez-Rivas A. Flavopiridol induces cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein degradation by the proteasome and promotes TRAIL-induced early signaling and apoptosis in breast tumor cells. Cancer Res 2006; 66(17): 8858-8869.
64. Kim JY, Kim EH, Park SS, Lim JH, Kwon TK, Choi KS. Quercetin sensitizes human hepatoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via Sp1-mediated DR5 up-regulation and proteasome-mediated c-FLIPS down-regulation. J Cell Biochem 2008; 105(6): 1386-1398.
65. Fulda S, Debatin KM. 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine and IFN-gamma cooperate to sensitize for TRAIL-induced apoptosis by upregulating caspase-8. Oncogene 2006; 25(37): 5125-5133.
66. Fulda S, Kufer MU, Meyer E, van Valen F, Dockhorn-Dworniczak B, Debatin KM. Sensitization for death receptor- or drug-induced apoptosis by re-expression of caspase-8 through demethylation or gene transfer. Oncogene 2001; 20(41): 5865-5877.
67. Ducoroy P, Micheau O, Perruche S, Dubrez-Daloz L, de Fornel D, Dutartre P, et al. LF 15-0195 immunosuppressive agent enhances activation-induced T-cell death by facilitating caspase-8 and caspase-10 activation at the DISC level. Blood 2003; 101 (1): 194-201.
68. Lacour S, Micheau O, Hammann A, Drouineaud V, Tschopp J, Solary E, et al. Chemotherapy enhances TNF-related apoptosisinducing Ligand DISC assembly in HT29 human colon cancer cells. Oncogene 2003; 22(12): 1807-1816.
69. Ganten TM, Haas TL, Sykora J, Stahl H, Sprick MR, Fas SC, et al. Enhanced caspase-8 recruitment to and activation at the DISC is critical for sensitisation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by chemotherapeutic drugs. Cell Death Differ 2004; 11 Suppl 1: S86-S96.
70. Micheau O, Solary E, Hammann A, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Fas ligand-independent, FADD-mediated activation of the Fas death pathway by anticancer drugs. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(12): 7987-7992.
71. Inoue S, Harper N, Walewska R, Dyer MJ, Cohen GM. Enhanced Fas-associated death domain recruitment by histone deacetylase inhibitors is critical for the sensitization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8(11): 3088-3097.
72. Zhuang H, Jiang W, Cheng W, Qian K, Dong W, Cao L, et al. Down-regulation of HSP27 sensitizes TRAIL-resistant tumor cell to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Lung Cancer 2010; 68(1): 27-38.
73. Huerta-Yepez S, Vega M, Jazirehi A, Garban H, Hongo F, Cheng G, et al. Nitric oxide sensitizes prostate carcinoma cell lines to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via inactivation of NF-kappa B and inhibition of Bcl-xl expression. Oncogene 2004; 23(29): 4993-5003.
74. Fandy TE, Srivastava RK. Trichostatin A sensitizes TRAILresistant myeloma cells by downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2006; 58(4): 471-477.
75. Siegelin MD, Gaiser T, Habel A, Siegelin Y. Myricetin sensitizes malignant glioma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by downregulation of the short isoform of FLIP and bcl-2. Cancer Lett 2009; 283(2): 230-238.
76. Peuhu E, Rivero-Muller A, Stykki H, Torvaldson E, Holmbom T, Eklund P, et al. Inhibition of Akt signaling by the lignan matairesinol sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 2010; 29(6): 898-908.
77. Festa M, Petrella A, Alfano S, Parente L. R-roscovitine sensitizes anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via regulation of IKK/NF-kappaB pathway. Int J Cancer 2009; 124(11): 2728-2736.
78. Ammann JU, Haag C, Kasperczyk H, Debatin KM, Fulda S. Sensitization of neuroblastoma cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis by NF-kappaB inhibition. Int J Cancer 2009; 124(6): 1301-1311.
79. Lee TJ, Jang JH, Noh HJ, Park EJ, Choi KS, Kwon TK. Overexpression of Par-4 sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via inactivation of NF-kappaB and Akt signaling pathways in renal cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2010; 109(5): 885-895.
80. Bodmer JL, Holler N, Reynard S, Vinciguerra P, Schneider P, Juo P, et al. TRAIL receptor-2 signals apoptosis through FADD and caspase-8. Nat Cell Biol 2000; 2(4): 241-243.
81. Chaudhary PM, Eby M, Jasmin A, Bookwalter A, Murray J, Hood L. Death receptor 5, a new member of the TNFR family, and DR4 induce FADD-dependent apoptosis and activate the NF-kappaB pathway. Immunity 1997; 7(6): 821-830.
82. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Tewari M, Dixit VM. FADD, a novel death domain-containing protein, interacts with the death domain of Fas and initiates apoptosis. Cell 1995; 81(4): 505-512.
83. Huang Y, Chen L, Zhou Y, Liu H, Yang J, Liu Z, et al. UXT-V1 protects cells against TNF-induced apoptosis through modulating complex II formation. Mol Biol Cell 2011; mbc.E10-10-0827.
84. Irmler M, Thome M, Hahne M, Schneider P, Hofmann K, Steiner V, et al. Inhibition of death receptor signals by cellular FLIP. Nature 1997; 388 (6638): 190-195.
85. Jin Z, El-Deiry WS. Distinct signaling pathways in TRAIL- versus tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26(21): 8136-8148.
86. Juo P, Kuo CJ, Yuan J, Blenis J. Essential requirement for caspase- 8/FLICE in the initiation of the Fas-induced apoptotic cascade. Curr Biol 1998; 8(18): 1001-1008.
87. Kischkel FC, Hellbardt S, Behrmann I, Germer M, Pawlita M, Krammer PH, et al. Cytotoxicity-dependent APO-1 (Fas/CD95)-associated proteins form a death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) with the receptor. Embo J 1995; 14(22): 5579-5588.
88. Kischkel FC, Lawrence DA, Tinel A, LeBlanc H, Virmani A, Schow P, et al. Death receptor recruitment of endogenous caspase-10 and apoptosis initiation in the absence of caspase-8. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(49): 46639-46646.
89. Micheau O, Tschopp J. Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes. Cell 2003; 114(2): 181-190.
90. Milhas D, Cuvillier O, Therville N, Clave P, Thomsen M, Levade T, et al. Caspase-10 triggers Bid cleavage and caspase cascade activation in FasL-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(20): 19836-19842.
91. Scaffidi C, Schmitz I, Krammer PH, Peter ME. The role of c-FLIP in modulation of CD95-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(3): 1541-1548.
92. Soderstrom TS, Poukkula M, Holmstrom TH, Heiskanen KM, Eriksson JE. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signalregulated kinase signaling in activated T cells abrogates TRAILinduced apoptosis upstream of the mitochondrial amplification loop and caspase-8. J Immunol 2002; 169(6): 2851-2860.
93. Sprick MR, Rieser E, Stahl H, Grosse-Wilde A, Weigand MA, Walczak H. Caspase-10 is recruited to and activated at the native TRAIL and CD95 death-inducing signalling complexes in a FADD-dependent manner but can not functionally substitute caspase-8. Embo J 2002; 21(17): 4520-4530.
94. Thome M, Schneider P, Hofmann K, Fickenscher H, Meinl E, Neipel F, et al. Viral FLICE-inhibitory proteins (FLIPs) prevent apoptosis induced by death receptors. Nature 1997; 386(6624): 517-521.
95. Vincenz C, Dixit VM. Fas-associated death domain protein interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme 2 (FLICE2), an ICE/Ced-3 homologue, is proximally involved in CD95- and p55-mediated death signaling. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(10): 6578-6583.
96. Wang J, Chun HJ, Wong W, Spencer DM, Lenardo MJ. Caspase- 10 is an initiator caspase in death receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(24): 13884-13888.
97. Wang J, Lobito AA, Shen F, Hornung F, Winoto A, Lenardo MJ. Inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis by the B cell antigen receptor through c-FLIP. Eur J Immunol 2000; 30(1): 155-163.
98. Devin A, Cook A, Lin Y, Rodriguez Y, Kelliher M, Liu Z. The distinct roles of TRAF2 and RIP in IKK activation by TNF-R1: TRAF2 recruits IKK to TNF-R1 while RIP mediates IKK activation. Immunity 2000; 12(4): 419-429.
99. Devin A, Lin Y, Yamaoka S, Li Z, Karin M, Liu Z. The alpha and beta subunits of IkappaB kinase (IKK) mediate TRAF2-dependent IKK recruitment to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 in response to TNF. Mol Cell Biol 2001; 21(12): 3986-3994.
100. Geserick P, Hupe M, Moulin M, Wong WW, Feoktistova M, Kellert B, et al. Cellular IAPs inhibit a cryptic CD95-induced cell death by limiting RIP1 kinase recruitment. J Cell Biol 2009; 187(7): 1037-1054.
101. Haas TL, Emmerich CH, Gerlach B, Schmukle AC, Cordier SM, Rieser E, et al. Recruitment of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex stabilizes the TNF-R1 signaling complex and is required for TNF-mediated gene induction. Mol Cell 2009; 36(5): 831-844.
102. Hsu H, Huang J, Shu HB, Baichwal V, Goeddel DV. TNFdependent recruitment of the protein kinase RIP to the TNF receptor-1 signaling complex. Immunity 1996; 4(4): 387-96.
103. Hsu H, Shu HB, Pan MG, Goeddel DV. TRADD-TRAF2 and TRADD-FADD interactions define two distinct TNF receptor 1 signal transduction pathways. Cell 1996; 84(2): 299-308.
104. Hsu H, Xiong J, Goeddel DV. The TNF receptor 1-associated protein TRADD signals cell death and NF-kappa B activation. Cell 1995; 81(4): 495-504.
105. Lavrik IN, Mock T, Golks A, Hoffmann JC, Baumann S, Krammer PH. CD95 stimulation results in the formation of a novel death effector domain protein-containing complex. J Biol Chem 2008; 283(39): 26401-26408.
106. Mahoney DJ, Cheung HH, Mrad RL, Plenchette S, Simard C, Enwere E, et al. Both cIAP1 and cIAP2 regulate TNFalphamediated NF-kappaB activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008;105(33): 11778-117783.
107. Petersen SL, Peyton M, Minna JD, Wang X. Overcoming cancer cell resistance to Smac mimetic induced apoptosis by modulating cIAP-2 expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010; 107(26): 11936-11941.
108. Shu HB, Takeuchi M, Goeddel DV. The tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signal transducers TRAF2 and c-IAP1 are components of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93(24): 13973-13978.
109. Tokunaga F, Sakata S, Saeki Y, Satomi Y, Kirisako T, Kamei K, et al. Involvement of linear polyubiquitylation of NEMO in NFkappaB activation. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11(2): 123-132.
110. Varfolomeev E, Maecker H, Sharp D, Lawrence D, Renz M, Vucic D, et al. Molecular determinants of kinase pathway activation by Apo2 ligand/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(49): 40599-40608.
111. Juo P, Woo MS, Kuo CJ, Signorelli P, Biemann HP, Hannun YA, et al. FADD is required for multiple signaling events downstream of the receptor Fas. Cell Growth Differ 1999; 10(12): 797-804.
112. LeBlanc H, Lawrence D, Varfolomeev E, Totpal K, Morlan J, Schow P, et al. Tumor-cell resistance to death receptor-induced apoptosis through mutational inactivation of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 homolog Bax. Nat Med 2002; 8(3): 274-281.
113. Irmler M, Thome M, Hahne M, Schneider P, Hofmann K, Steiner V, et al. Inhibition of death receptor signals by cellular FLIP. Nature 1997; 388(6638): 190-195.
114. Fulda S, Meyer E, Debatin KM. Inhibition of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by Bcl-2 overexpression. Oncogene 2002; 21(15): 2283-2294.
115. Cummins JM, Kohli M, Rago C, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Bunz F. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is a nonredundant modulator of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells. Cancer Res 2004; 64(9): 3006-3008.
116. Ndozangue-Touriguine O, Sebbagh M, Merino D, Micheau O, Bertoglio J, Breard J. A mitochondrial block and expression of XIAP lead to resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis during progression to metastasis of a colon carcinoma. Oncogene 2008; 27(46): 6012-6022.
117. Siegelin MD, Reuss DE, Habel A, Rami A, von Deimling A. Quercetin promotes degradation of survivin and thereby enhances death-receptor-mediated apoptosis in glioma cells. Neuro Oncol 2009; 11(2): 122-131.
118. Wu NL, Lee TA, Tsai TL, Lin WW. TRAIL-Induced Keratinocyte Differentiation Requires Caspase Activation and p63 Expression. J Invest Dermatol 2011;jid.2010.402.
119. Viard-Leveugle I, Bullani RR, Meda P, Micheau O, Limat A, Saurat JH, et al. Intracellular localization of keratinocyte Fas ligand explains lack of cytolytic activity under physiological conditions. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(18): 16183-16188.
120. Rimondi E, Secchiero P, Quaroni A, Zerbinati C, Capitani S, Zauli G. Involvement of TRAIL/TRAIL-receptors in human intestinal cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2006; 206(3): 647-654.
121. Freer-Prokop M, O'Flaherty J, Ross JA, Weyman CM. Noncanonical role for the TRAIL receptor DR5/FADD/caspase pathway in the regulation of MyoD expression and skeletal myoblast differentiation. Differentiation 2009; 78 (4): 205-212.
122. O'Flaherty J, Mei Y, Freer M, Weyman CM. Signaling through the TRAIL receptor DR5/FADD pathway plays a role in the apoptosis associated with skeletal myoblast differentiation. Apoptosis 2006; 11(12): 2103-2113.
123. Yen ML, Tsai HF, Wu YY, Hwa HL, Lee BH, Hsu PN. TNFrelated apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces osteoclast differentiation from monocyte/macrophage lineage precursor cells. Mol Immunol 2008; 45(8): 2205-2213.
124. Zhang XR, Zhang LY, Devadas S, Li L, Keegan AD, Shi YF. Reciprocal expression of TRAIL and CD95L in Th1 and Th2 cells: role of apoptosis in T helper subset differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2003; 10(2): 203-210.
125. Cho YS, Challa S, Clancy L, Chan FK. Lipopolysaccharideinduced expression of TRAIL promotes dendritic cell differentiation. Immunology 2010; 130(4): 504-515.
126. Pan G, Ni J, Wei YF, Yu G, Gentz R, Dixit VM. An antagonist decoy receptor and a death domain-containing receptor for TRAIL. Science 1997; 277(5327): 815-818.
127. Schneider P, Bodmer JL, Thome M, Hofmann K, Holler N, Tschopp J. Characterization of two receptors for TRAIL. FEBS Lett 1997; 416(3): 329-334.
128. Clancy L, Mruk K, Archer K, Woelfel M, Mongkolsapaya J, Screaton G, et al. Preligand assembly domain-mediated ligandindependent association between TRAIL receptor 4 (TR4) and TR2 regulates TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102(50): 18099-18104.
129. Muzio M, Stockwell BR, Stennicke HR, Salvesen GS, Dixit VM. An induced proximity model for caspase-8 activation. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(5): 2926-2930.
130. Hughes MA, Harper N, Butterworth M, Cain K, Cohen GM, MacFarlane M. Reconstitution of the death-inducing signaling complex reveals a substrate switch that determines CD95-mediated death or survival. Mol Cell 2009; 35(3): 265-279.
131. Park HH, Logette E, Raunser S, Cuenin S, Walz T, Tschopp J, et al. Death domain assembly mechanism revealed by crystal structure of the oligomeric PIDDosome core complex. Cell 2007; 128(3): 533-546.
132. Scott FL, Stec B, Pop C, Dobaczewska MK, Lee JJ, Monosov E, et al. The Fas-FADD death domain complex structure unravels signalling by receptor clustering. Nature 2009; 457(7232): 1019-1022.
133. Berg D, Lehne M, Muller N, Siegmund D, Munkel S, Sebald W, et al. Enforced covalent trimerization increases the activity of the TNF ligand family members TRAIL and CD95L. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14(12): 2021-2034.
134. Monia, B.P., Baker, B.F., Zhang, H., Cowsert, L.M. Antisense modulation of FADD expression. US6015712 (2000).
135. Yeh WC, Pompa JL, McCurrach ME, Shu HB, Elia AJ, Shahinian A, et al. FADD: Essential for embryo development and signaling from some, but not all, inducers of apoptosis. Science 1998; 279(5358): 1954-1958.
136. Jiang Y, Woronicz JD, Liu W, Goeddel DV. Prevention of constitutive TNF receptor 1 signaling by silencer of death domains. Science 1999; 283(5401): 543-546.
137. Takada H, Chen NJ, Mirtsos C, Suzuki S, Suzuki N, Wakeham A, et al. Role of SODD in regulation of tumor necrosis factor responses. Mol Cell Biol 2003; 23(11): 4026-4033.
138. Berroud A, Le Roy A, Voisin P. Membrane oxidative damage induced by ionizing radiation detected by fluorescence polarization. Radiat Environ Biophys 1996; 35(4): 289-295.
139. Gaboriau F, Morliere P, Marquis I, Moysan A, Geze M, Dubertret L. Membrane damage induced in cultured human skin fibroblasts by UVA irradiation. Photochem Photobiol 1993; 58(4): 515-520.
140. Aragane Y, Kulms D, Metze D, Wilkes G, Poppelmann B, Luger TA, et al. Ultraviolet light induces apoptosis via direct activation of CD95 (Fas/APO-1) independently of its ligand CD95L. J Cell Biol 1998; 140(1): 171-182.
141. Huang HL, Fang LW, Lu SP, Chou CK, Luh TY, Lai MZ. DNAdamaging reagents induce apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-dependent Fas aggregation. Oncogene 2003; 22(50): 8168-8177.
142. Gniadecki R. Depletion of membrane cholesterol causes ligandindependent activation of Fas and apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 320(1): 165-169.
143. Segui B, Legembre P. Redistribution of CD95 into the lipid rafts to treat cancer cells? Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2010; 5(1): 22-28.
144. Gajate C, Mollinedo F. Cytoskeleton-mediated death receptor and ligand concentration in lipid rafts forms apoptosis-promoting clusters in cancer chemotherapy. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(12): 11641-11647.
145. Maldonado-Celis ME, Bousserouel S, Gosse F, Lobstein A, Raul F. Apple procyanidins activate apoptotic signaling pathway in human colon adenocarcinoma cells by a lipid-raft independent mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 388(2): 372-376.
146. Rossin A, Derouet M, Abdel-Sater F, Hueber AO. Palmitoylation of the TRAIL receptor DR4 confers an efficient TRAIL-induced cell death signalling. Biochem J 2009; 419(1): 185-192.
147. Min Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Zheng D. Death receptor 5- recruited raft components contributes to the sensitivity of Jurkat leukemia cell lines to TRAIL-induced cell death. IUBMB Life 2009; 61(3): 261-267.
148. Xu L, Qu X, Zhang Y, Hu X, Yang X, Hou K, et al. Oxaliplatin enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by CBLregulated death receptor redistribution in lipid rafts. FEBS Lett 2009; 583(5): 943-948.
149. Song JH, Tse MC, Bellail A, Phuphanich S, Khuri F, Kneteman NM, et al. Lipid rafts and nonrafts mediate tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand induced apoptotic and nonapoptotic signals in non small cell lung carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2007; 67(14): 6946-6955.
150. Gajate C, Mollinedo F. Edelfosine and perifosine induce selective apoptosis in multiple myeloma by recruitment of death receptors and downstream signaling molecules into lipid rafts. Blood 2007; 109(2): 711-719.
151. Wagner KW, Punnoose EA, Januario T, Lawrence DA, Pitti RM, Lancaster K, et al. Death-receptor O-glycosylation controls tumorcell sensitivity to the proapoptotic ligand Apo2L/TRAIL. Nat Med 2007; 13(9): 1070-1077.
152. Rostenberg I, Guizar-Vazquez J, Suarez P, Rico R, Nungaray L, Dominguez C. Distinct glycosylation of serum proteins in patients with cancer: Brief communication. J Natl Cancer Inst 1978; 60(1): 83-87.
153. Dennis JW, Granovsky M, Warren CE. Glycoprotein glycosylation and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1473(1): 21-34.
154. Rak JW, Basolo F, Elliott JW, Russo J, Miller FR. Cell surface glycosylation changes accompanying immortalization and transformation of normal human mammary epithelial cells. Cancer Lett 1991; 57(1): 27-36.
155. van Noesel MM, van Bezouw S, Salomons GS, Voute PA, Pieters R, Baylin SB, et al. Tumor-specific down-regulation of the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand decoy receptors DcR1 and DcR2 is associated with dense promoter hypermethylation. Cancer Res 2002; 62(7): 2157-2161.
156. Horak P, Pils D, Haller G, Pribill I, Roessler M, Tomek S, et al. Contribution of epigenetic silencing of tumor necrosis factorrelated apoptosis inducing ligand receptor 1 (DR4) to TRAIL resistance and ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2005; 3(6): 335-343.
157. Margetts CD, Astuti D, Gentle DC, Cooper WN, Cascon A, Catchpoole D, et al. Epigenetic analysis of HIC1, CASP8, FLIP, TSP1, DCR1, DCR2, DR4, DR5, KvDMR1, H19 and preferential 11p15.5 maternal-allele loss in von Hippel-Lindau and sporadic phaeochromocytomas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2005; 12(1): 161-172.
158. Elias A, Siegelin MD, Steinmuller A, von Deimling A, Lass U, Korn B, et al. Epigenetic silencing of death receptor 4 mediates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand resistance in gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15(17): 5457-5465.
159. Simova S, Klima M, Cermak L, Sourkova V, Andera L. Arf and Rho GAP adapter protein ARAP1 participates in the mobilization of TRAIL-R1/DR4 to the plasma membrane. Apoptosis 2008; 13(3): 423-436.
160. Yoon HY, Lee JS, Randazzo PA. ARAP1 regulates endocytosis of EGFR. Traffic 2008; 9(12): 2236-2252.
161. Micheau O, Thome M, Schneider P, Holler N, Tschopp J, Nicholson DW, et al. The long form of FLIP is an activator of caspase-8 at the Fas death-inducing signaling complex. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(47): 45162-45171.
162. Holler N, Zaru R, Micheau O, Thome M, Attinger A, Valitutti S, et al. Fas triggers an alternative, caspase-8-independent cell death pathway using the kinase RIP as effector molecule. Nat Immunol 2000; 1(6): 489-495.
163. Kelliher MA, Grimm S, Ishida Y, Kuo F, Stanger BZ, Leder P. The death domain kinase RIP mediates the TNF-induced NF-kappaB signal. Immunity 1998; 8(3): 297-303.
164. Schneider P, Thome M, Burns K, Bodmer JL, Hofmann K, Kataoka T, et al. TRAIL receptors 1 (DR4) and 2 (DR5) signal FADD-dependent apoptosis and activate NF-kappaB. Immunity 1997; 7(6): 831-836.
165. Golks A, Brenner D, Fritsch C, Krammer PH, Lavrik IN. c-FLIPR, a new regulator of death receptor-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(15): 14507-14513.
166. Wajant, H., Pfizenmaier, K., Limmer, S., Kreutzer, R., Vornlocher, H. Compositions and methods for treating trail-resistant cancer cells. US20040126791 (2004).
167. Al-Zoubi AM, Efimova EV, Kaithamana S, Martinez O, El-Idrissi Mel A, Dogan RE, et al. Contrasting effects of IG20 and its splice isoforms, MADD and DENN-SV, on tumor necrosis factor alphainduced apoptosis and activation of caspase-8 and -3. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(50): 47202-47211.
168. Schievella AR, Chen JH, Graham JR, Lin LL. MADD, a novel death domain protein that interacts with the type 1 tumor necrosis factor receptor and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(18): 12069-12075.
169. Ramaswamy M, Efimova EV, Martinez O, Mulherkar NU, Singh SP, Prabhakar BS. IG20 (MADD splice variant-5), a proapoptotic protein, interacts with DR4/DR5 and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by increasing recruitment of FADD and caspase-8 to the DISC. Oncogene 2004; 23(36): 6083-6094.
170. Prabhakar, B.S., Mulherkar, N. IG20 splice variants therapeutics for cancer. US20090075929 (2009).
171. Tanaka H, Hoshikawa Y, Oh-hara T, Koike S, Naito M, Noda T, et al. PRMT5, a novel TRAIL receptor-binding protein, inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis via nuclear factor-kappaB activation. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7(4): 557-569.
172. Kim HR, Chae HJ, Thomas M, Miyazaki T, Monosov A, Monosov E, et al. Mammalian dap3 is an essential gene required for mitochondrial homeostasis in vivo and contributing to the extrinsic pathway for apoptosis. FASEB J 2007; 21(1): 188-196.
173. Miyazaki T, Reed JC. A GTP-binding adapter protein couples TRAIL receptors to apoptosis-inducing proteins. Nat Immunol 2001; 2(6): 493-500.
174. Berger T, Kretzler M. TRAIL-induced apoptosis is independent of the mitochondrial apoptosis mediator DAP3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 297(4): 880-884.
175. Berger T, Kretzler M. Interaction of DAP3 and FADD only after cellular disruption. Nat Immunol 2002;3(1): 3-5.
176. Takeda S, Iwai A, Nakashima M, Fujikura D, Chiba S, Li HM, et al. LKB1 is crucial for TRAIL-mediated apoptosis induction in osteosarcoma. Anticancer Res 2007; 27(2): 761-768.
177. Condorelli G, Vigliotta G, Cafieri A, Trencia A, Andalo P, Oriente F, et al. PED/PEA-15: An anti-apoptotic molecule that regulates FAS/TNFR1-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 1999; 18(31): 4409-4415.
178. Xiao C, Yang BF, Asadi N, Beguinot F, Hao C. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced death-inducing signaling complex and its modulation by c-FLIP and PED/PEA-15 in glioma cells. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(28): 25020-25025.
179. Renganathan H, Vaidyanathan H, Knapinska A, Ramos JW. Phosphorylation of PEA-15 switches its binding specificity from ERK/MAPK to FADD. Biochem J 2005; 390(Pt 3): 729-35.
180. Peacock JW, Palmer J, Fink D, Ip S, Pietras EM, Mui AL, et al. PTEN loss promotes mitochondrially dependent type II Fasinduced apoptosis via PEA-15. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29(5): 1222-1234.
181. Trauzold A, Wermann H, Arlt A, Schutze S, Schafer H, Oestern S, et al. CD95 and TRAIL receptor-mediated activation of protein kinase C and NF-kappaB contributes to apoptosis resistance in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Oncogene 2001; 20(31): 4258-4269.
182. Harper N, Hughes MA, Farrow SN, Cohen GM, MacFarlane M. Protein kinase C modulates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosisinducing ligand-induced apoptosis by targeting the apical events of death receptor signaling. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(45): 44338-44347.
183. Meng XW, Heldebrant MP, Kaufmann SH. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate inhibits death receptor-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat cells by disrupting recruitment of Fas-associated polypeptide with death domain. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(5): 3776-3783.
184. Perfetti A, Oriente F, Iovino S, Alberobello AT, Barbagallo AP, Esposito I, et al. Phorbol esters induce intracellular accumulation of the anti-apoptotic protein PED/PEA-15 by preventing ubiquitinylation and proteasomal degradation. J Biol Chem 2007; 282(12): 8648-8657.
185. Foley CJ, Freedman H, Choo SL, Onyskiw C, Fu NY, Yu VC, et al. Dynamics of RASSF1A/MOAP-1 association with death receptors. Mol Cell Biol 2008; 28(14): 4520-4535.
186. Baksh S, Tommasi S, Fenton S, Yu VC, Martins LM, Pfeifer GP, et al. The tumor suppressor RASSF1A and MAP-1 link death receptor signaling to Bax conformational change and cell death. Mol Cell 2005; 18(6): 637-650.
187. Hesson LB, Cooper WN, Latif F. The role of RASSF1A methylation in cancer. Dis Markers 2007; 23(1-2): 73-87.
188. Kischkel FC, Lawrence DA, Chuntharapai A, Schow P, Kim KJ, Ashkenazi A. Apo2L/TRAIL-dependent recruitment of endogenous FADD and caspase-8 to death receptors 4 and 5. Immunity 2000; 12(6): 611-620.
189. Siegmund D, Klose S, Zhou D, Baumann B, Roder C, Kalthoff H, et al. Role of caspases in CD95L- and TRAIL-induced nonapoptotic signalling in pancreatic tumour cells. Cell Signal 2007; 19(6): 1172-1184.
190. Wong WW, Gentle IE, Nachbur U, Anderton H, Vaux DL, Silke J. RIPK1 is not essential for TNFR1-induced activation of NFkappaB. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17(3): 482-487.
191. Palacios C, Lopez-Perez AI, Lopez-Rivas A. Down-regulation of RIP expression by 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in breast tumor cells. Cancer Lett 2010; 287(2): 207-25.
192. Wang P, Zhang J, Bellail A, Jiang W, Hugh J, Kneteman NM, et al. Inhibition of RIP and c-FLIP enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Signal 2007; 19(11): 2237-2246.
193. Roth W, Stenner-Liewen F, Pawlowski K, Godzik A, Reed JC. Identification and characterization of DEDD2, a death effector domain-containing protein. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(9): 7501-758.
194. Nam YJ, Mani K, Ashton AW, Peng CF, Krishnamurthy B, Hayakawa Y et al. Inhibition of both the extrinsic and intrinsic death pathways through nonhomotypic death-fold interactions. Mol Cell 2004; 15(6): 901-912.