메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 98, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 722-731

Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin is necessary for hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery adventitial fibroblast proliferation

Author keywords

Environmental stress; Oxygen sensing; Protein synthesis; Pulmonary hypertension; Vascular remodeling

Indexed keywords

2 MORPHOLINO 8 PHENYLCHROMONE; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEIN S6; RAPAMYCIN; S6 KINASE;

EID: 12344288653     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00715.2004     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (62)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0035933726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia induces the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway in PC12 cells: Protective role in apoptosis
    • Alvarez-Tejado M, Naranjo-Suarez S, Jimenez C, Carrera AC, Landazuri MO, and del Peso L. Hypoxia induces the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway in PC12 cells: protective role in apoptosis. J Biol Chem 276: 22368-22374, 2001.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 22368-22374
    • Alvarez-Tejado, M.1    Naranjo-Suarez, S.2    Jimenez, C.3    Carrera, A.C.4    Landazuri, M.O.5    Del Peso, L.6
  • 2
    • 0042031047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel hypoxia-inducible factor-independent hypoxic response regulating mammalian target of rapamycin and its targets
    • Arsham AM, Howell JJ, and Simon MC. A novel hypoxia-inducible factor-independent hypoxic response regulating mammalian target of rapamycin and its targets. J Biol Chem 278: 29655-29660, 2003.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 29655-29660
    • Arsham, A.M.1    Howell, J.J.2    Simon, M.C.3
  • 3
    • 0034212196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein synthesis during oxygen conformance and severe hypoxia in the mouse muscle cell line C2C12
    • Arthur PG, Giles JJ, and Wakeford CM. Protein synthesis during oxygen conformance and severe hypoxia in the mouse muscle cell line C2C12. Biochim Biophys Acta 1475: 83-89, 2000.
    • (2000) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1475 , pp. 83-89
    • Arthur, P.G.1    Giles, J.J.2    Wakeford, C.M.3
  • 5
    • 0035107345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia activates Akt and induces phosphorylation of GSK-3 in PC12 cells
    • Beitner-Johnson D, Rust R, Hsieh TC, and Millhorn DE. Hypoxia activates Akt and induces phosphorylation of GSK-3 in PC12 cells. Cell Signal 13: 23-27, 2001.
    • (2001) Cell Signal , vol.13 , pp. 23-27
    • Beitner-Johnson, D.1    Rust, R.2    Hsieh, T.C.3    Millhorn, D.E.4
  • 7
    • 0035408332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo is regulated through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin
    • Braun-Dullaeus RC, Mann MJ, Seay U, Zhang L, von Der Leyen HE, Morris RE, and Dzau VJ. Cell cycle protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo is regulated through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21: 1152-1158, 2001.
    • (2001) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.21 , pp. 1152-1158
    • Braun-Dullaeus, R.C.1    Mann, M.J.2    Seay, U.3    Zhang, L.4    Von Der Leyen, H.E.5    Morris, R.E.6    Dzau, V.J.7
  • 9
    • 0035866784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia activates a platelet-derived growth factor receptor/ phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway that results in glycogen synthase kinase-3 inactivation
    • Chen EY, Mazure NM, Cooper JA, and Giaccia AJ. Hypoxia activates a platelet-derived growth factor receptor/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway that results in glycogen synthase kinase-3 inactivation. Cancer Res 61: 2429-2433, 2001.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 2429-2433
    • Chen, E.Y.1    Mazure, N.M.2    Cooper, J.A.3    Giaccia, A.J.4
  • 11
    • 0032711658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia stimulates proliferation and interleukin-1α production in human vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Cooper AL and Beasley D. Hypoxia stimulates proliferation and interleukin-1α production in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 277: H1326-H1337, 1999.
    • (1999) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.277
    • Cooper, A.L.1    Beasley, D.2
  • 12
    • 0036830564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K-FRAP/mTOR pathway is critical for hepatocyte proliferation whereas MEK/ERK supports both proliferation and survival
    • Coutant A, Rescan C, Gilot D, Loyer P, Guguen-Guillouzo C, and Baffet G. PI3K-FRAP/mTOR pathway is critical for hepatocyte proliferation whereas MEK/ERK supports both proliferation and survival. Hepatology 36: 1079-1088, 2002.
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36 , pp. 1079-1088
    • Coutant, A.1    Rescan, C.2    Gilot, D.3    Loyer, P.4    Guguen-Guillouzo, C.5    Baffet, G.6
  • 13
    • 0035844211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-induced proliferative response of vascular adventitial fibroblasts is dependent on G protein-mediated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases
    • Das M, Bouchey DM, Moore MJ, Hopkins DC, Nemenoff RA, and Stenmark RK. Hypoxia-induced proliferative response of vascular adventitial fibroblasts is dependent on G protein-mediated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. J Biol Chem 276: 15631-15640, 2001.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 15631-15640
    • Das, M.1    Bouchey, D.M.2    Moore, M.J.3    Hopkins, D.C.4    Nemenoff, R.A.5    Stenmark, R.K.6
  • 14
    • 0032752063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular survival: A play in three Akts
    • Datta SR, Brunet A, and Greenberg ME. Cellular survival: a play in three Akts. Genes Dev 13: 2905-2927, 1999.
    • (1999) Genes Dev , vol.13 , pp. 2905-2927
    • Datta, S.R.1    Brunet, A.2    Greenberg, M.E.3
  • 16
    • 0032491398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A redox-triggered ras-effector interaction. Recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase to Ras by redox stress
    • Deora AA, Win T, Vanhaesebroeck B, and Lander HM. A redox-triggered ras-effector interaction. Recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase to Ras by redox stress. J Biol Chem 273: 29923-2998, 1998.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 29923-22998
    • Deora, A.A.1    Win, T.2    Vanhaesebroeck, B.3    Lander, H.M.4
  • 17
    • 0032533225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycogen synthase kinase-3β regulates cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization
    • Diehl JA, Cheng M, Roussel MF, and Sherr CJ. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β regulates cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization. Genes Dev 12: 3499-3511, 1998.
    • (1998) Genes Dev , vol.12 , pp. 3499-3511
    • Diehl, J.A.1    Cheng, M.2    Roussel, M.F.3    Sherr, C.J.4
  • 18
    • 0037386779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt is a major downstream target of PI3-kinase involved in angiotensin II-induced proliferation
    • Dugourd C, Gervais M, Corvol P, and Monnot C. Akt is a major downstream target of PI3-kinase involved in angiotensin II-induced proliferation. Hypertension 41: 882-890, 2003.
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.41 , pp. 882-890
    • Dugourd, C.1    Gervais, M.2    Corvol, P.3    Monnot, C.4
  • 19
    • 0036197408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low oxygen tension stimulates collagen synthesis and COL1A1 transcription through the action of TGF-β1
    • Falanga V, Zhou L, and Yufit T. Low oxygen tension stimulates collagen synthesis and COL1A1 transcription through the action of TGF-β1. J Cell Physiol 191: 42-50, 2002.
    • (2002) J Cell Physiol , vol.191 , pp. 42-50
    • Falanga, V.1    Zhou, L.2    Yufit, T.3
  • 20
    • 2342545519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Target of rapamycin (TOR): An integrator of nutrient and growth factor signals and coordinator of cell growth and cell cycle progression
    • Fingar DC and Blenis J. Target of rapamycin (TOR): an integrator of nutrient and growth factor signals and coordinator of cell growth and cell cycle progression. Oncogene 23: 3151-3171, 2004.
    • (2004) Oncogene , vol.23 , pp. 3151-3171
    • Fingar, D.C.1    Blenis, J.2
  • 21
    • 0345829932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular ATP is an autocrine/paracrine regulator of hypoxia-induced adventitial fibroblast growth. Signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 and the Egr-1 transcription factor
    • Gerasimovskaya EV, Ahmad S, White CW, Jones PL, Carpenter TC, and Stenmark KR. Extracellular ATP is an autocrine/paracrine regulator of hypoxia-induced adventitial fibroblast growth. Signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 and the Egr-1 transcription factor. J Biol Chem 277: 44638-44650, 2002.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 44638-44650
    • Gerasimovskaya, E.V.1    Ahmad, S.2    White, C.W.3    Jones, P.L.4    Carpenter, T.C.5    Stenmark, K.R.6
  • 22
    • 0035312747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of translation initiation by FRAP/mTOR
    • Gingras AC, Raught B, and Sonenberg N. Regulation of translation initiation by FRAP/mTOR. Genes Dev 15: 807-826, 2001.
    • (2001) Genes Dev , vol.15 , pp. 807-826
    • Gingras, A.C.1    Raught, B.2    Sonenberg, N.3
  • 23
    • 0036962405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-arrestin 1 couples thrombin to the rapid activation of the Akt pathway
    • Goel R and Baldassare JJ. β-Arrestin 1 couples thrombin to the rapid activation of the Akt pathway. Ann NY Acad Sci 973: 138-141, 2002.
    • (2002) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.973 , pp. 138-141
    • Goel, R.1    Baldassare, J.J.2
  • 25
    • 0029796904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unifying theory of hypoxia tolerance: Molecular/metabolic defense and rescue mechanisms for surviving oxygen lack
    • Hochachka PW, Buck LT, Doll CJ, and Land SC. Unifying theory of hypoxia tolerance: molecular/metabolic defense and rescue mechanisms for surviving oxygen lack. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 9493-9498, 1996.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 9493-9498
    • Hochachka, P.W.1    Buck, L.T.2    Doll, C.J.3    Land, S.C.4
  • 27
    • 0036275356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia enhances vascular cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro via rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling
    • Humar R, Kiefer FN, Berns H, Resink TJ, and Battegay EJ. Hypoxia enhances vascular cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro via rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling. FASEB J 16: 771-780, 2002.
    • (2002) FASEB J , vol.16 , pp. 771-780
    • Humar, R.1    Kiefer, F.N.2    Berns, H.3    Resink, T.J.4    Battegay, E.J.5
  • 28
    • 0035984934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular ATP UTP activate the protein kinase B/Akt cascade via the P2Y(2) purinoceptor in renal mesangial cells
    • Huwiler A, Rolz W, Dorsch S, Ren S, and Pfeilschifter J. Extracellular ATP and UTP activate the protein kinase B/Akt cascade via the P2Y(2) purinoceptor in renal mesangial cells. Br J Pharmacol 136: 520-529, 2002.
    • (2002) Br J Pharmacol , vol.136 , pp. 520-529
    • Huwiler, A.1    Rolz, W.2    Dorsch, S.3    Ren, S.4    Pfeilschifter, J.5
  • 29
    • 0034925041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling controls levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1
    • Jiang BH, Jiang G, Zheng JZ, Lu Z, Hunter T, and Vogt PK. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling controls levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Cell Growth Differ 12: 363-369, 2001.
    • (2001) Cell Growth Differ , vol.12 , pp. 363-369
    • Jiang, B.H.1    Jiang, G.2    Zheng, J.Z.3    Lu, Z.4    Hunter, T.5    Vogt, P.K.6
  • 30
    • 0034652392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling mediates angiogenesis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in endothelial cells
    • Jiang BH, Zheng JZ, Aoki M, and Vogt PK. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling mediates angiogenesis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 1749-1753, 2000.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97 , pp. 1749-1753
    • Jiang, B.H.1    Zheng, J.Z.2    Aoki, M.3    Vogt, P.K.4
  • 31
    • 0033780948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth factor-induced phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase/Akt phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells: Induction of cell proliferation and inhibition of cell death
    • Jung F, Haendeler J, Goebel C, Zeiher AM, and Dimmeler S. Growth factor-induced phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase/Akt phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells: induction of cell proliferation and inhibition of cell death. Cardiovasc Res 48: 148-157, 2000.
    • (2000) Cardiovasc Res , vol.48 , pp. 148-157
    • Jung, F.1    Haendeler, J.2    Goebel, C.3    Zeiher, A.M.4    Dimmeler, S.5
  • 32
    • 0030769913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase-independent p70 S6 kinase activation by fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 is important for proliferation but not differentiation of endothelial cells
    • Kanda S, Hodgkin MN, Woodneld RJ, Wakelam MJ, Thomas G, and Claesson-Welsh L. Phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase-independent p70 S6 kinase activation by fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 is important for proliferation but not differentiation of endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 272: 23347-23353, 1997.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 23347-23353
    • Kanda, S.1    Hodgkin, M.N.2    Woodneld, R.J.3    Wakelam, M.J.4    Thomas, G.5    Claesson-Welsh, L.6
  • 33
    • 0035190026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases: Implications for development, homeostasis, and cancer
    • Katso R, Okkenhaug K, Ahmadi K, White S, Timms J, and Waterfield MD. Cellular function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases: implications for development, homeostasis, and cancer. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17: 615-675, 2001.
    • (2001) Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol , vol.17 , pp. 615-675
    • Katso, R.1    Okkenhaug, K.2    Ahmadi, K.3    White, S.4    Timms, J.5    Waterfield, M.D.6
  • 36
    • 1342283027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of expression and posttranslational modification of proteins during hypoxia
    • Kumar GK and Klein JB. Analysis of expression and posttranslational modification of proteins during hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 96: 1178-1186, 2004.
    • (2004) J Appl Physiol , vol.96 , pp. 1178-1186
    • Kumar, G.K.1    Klein, J.B.2
  • 38
    • 0032828890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of non-catalytic subunits in gbetagamma-induced activation of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms beta and gamma
    • Maier U, Babich A, and Nurnberg B. Roles of non-catalytic subunits in gbetagamma-induced activation of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms beta and gamma. J Biol Chem 274: 29311-2917, 1999.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 29311-22917
    • Maier, U.1    Babich, A.2    Nurnberg, B.3
  • 39
    • 0030869787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor by hypoxia is modulated by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway in Ha-ras-transformed cells through a hypoxia inducible factor-1 transcriptional element
    • Mazure NM, Chen EY, Laderoute KR, and Giaccia AJ. Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor by hypoxia is modulated by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway in Ha-ras-transformed cells through a hypoxia inducible factor-1 transcriptional element. Blood 90: 3322-3331, 1997.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.90 , pp. 3322-3331
    • Mazure, N.M.1    Chen, E.Y.2    Laderoute, K.R.3    Giaccia, A.J.4
  • 40
    • 0021351634 scopus 로고
    • Autoradiographic analysis of cell proliferation and protein synthesis in the pulmonary trunk of rats during the early development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension
    • McKenzie JC, Clancy J Jr, and Klein RM. Autoradiographic analysis of cell proliferation and protein synthesis in the pulmonary trunk of rats during the early development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Blood Vessels 21: 80-89, 1984.
    • (1984) Blood Vessels , vol.21 , pp. 80-89
    • McKenzie, J.C.1    Clancy Jr., J.2    Klein, R.M.3
  • 41
    • 0033429554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian target of rapamycin is a direct target for protein kinase B: Identification of a convergence point for opposing effects of insulin and amino-acid deficiency on protein translation
    • Nave BT, Ouwens M, Withers DJ, Alessi DR, and Shepherd PR. Mammalian target of rapamycin is a direct target for protein kinase B: identification of a convergence point for opposing effects of insulin and amino-acid deficiency on protein translation. Biochem J 344: 427-431, 1999.
    • (1999) Biochem J , vol.344 , pp. 427-431
    • Nave, B.T.1    Ouwens, M.2    Withers, D.J.3    Alessi, D.R.4    Shepherd, P.R.5
  • 43
    • 0030035099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic activation of PtdIns 3-kinase by tyrosine-phosphorylated peptide and beta gamma-subunits of GTP-binding proteins
    • Okada T, Hazeki O, Ui M, and Katada T. Synergistic activation of PtdIns 3-kinase by tyrosine-phosphorylated peptide and beta gamma-subunits of GTP-binding proteins. Biochem 7317: 475-480, 1996.
    • (1996) Biochem , vol.7317 , pp. 475-480
    • Okada, T.1    Hazeki, O.2    Ui, M.3    Katada, T.4
  • 44
    • 0031829349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia enhances proliferation and generation of IP3 in pulmonary artery fibroblasts but not in those from the mesenteric circulation
    • Peacock AJ, Scott P, Plevin R, Wadsworth R, and Welsh D. Hypoxia enhances proliferation and generation of IP3 in pulmonary artery fibroblasts but not in those from the mesenteric circulation. Chest 114: 24, 1998.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.114 , pp. 24
    • Peacock, A.J.1    Scott, P.2    Plevin, R.3    Wadsworth, R.4    Welsh, D.5
  • 45
    • 0032483540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • μ-opioid receptor activates signaling pathways implicated in cell survival and translational control
    • Polakiewicz RD, Schieferl SM, Gingras AC, Sonenberg N, and Comb MJ. μ-Opioid receptor activates signaling pathways implicated in cell survival and translational control. J Biol Chem 273: 23534-23541, 1998.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 23534-23541
    • Polakiewicz, R.D.1    Schieferl, S.M.2    Gingras, A.C.3    Sonenberg, N.4    Comb, M.J.5
  • 47
    • 0034941567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt-dependent phosphorylation of p21(Cip1) regulates PCNA binding and proliferation of endothelial cells
    • Rossig L, Jadidi AS, Urbich C, Badorff C, Zeiher AM, and Dimmeler S. Akt-dependent phosphorylation of p21(Cip1) regulates PCNA binding and proliferation of endothelial cells. Mol Cell Biol 16: 5644-5657, 2001.
    • (2001) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 5644-5657
    • Rossig, L.1    Jadidi, A.S.2    Urbich, C.3    Badorff, C.4    Zeiher, A.M.5    Dimmeler, S.6
  • 48
    • 0030858836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Saward L and Zahradka P. Angiotensin II activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 81: 249-257, 1997.
    • (1997) Circ Res , vol.81 , pp. 249-257
    • Saward, L.1    Zahradka, P.2
  • 49
    • 0034644525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mTOR, a central controller of cell growth
    • Schmelzle T and Hall MN. mTOR, a central controller of cell growth. Cell 103: 253-262, 2000.
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 253-262
    • Schmelzle, T.1    Hall, M.N.2
  • 50
    • 0842334756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current paradigms in cellular oxygen sensing
    • Schumacker PT. Current paradigms in cellular oxygen sensing. Adv Exp Med Biol 543: 57-71, 2003.
    • (2003) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.543 , pp. 57-71
    • Schumacker, P.T.1
  • 51
    • 0030894289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular signaling pathways that regulate vascular cell proliferation: Effect of hypoxia
    • Scott PH, Belham CM, Peacock AJ, and Plevin R. Intracellular signaling pathways that regulate vascular cell proliferation: effect of hypoxia. Exp Physiol 82: 317-326, 1997.
    • (1997) Exp Physiol , vol.82 , pp. 317-326
    • Scott, P.H.1    Belham, C.M.2    Peacock, A.J.3    Plevin, R.4
  • 52
    • 0034234924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A direct linkage between the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signaling pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin in mitogen-stimulated and transformed cells
    • Sekulic A, Hudson CC, Homme JL, Yin P, Otterness DM, Karnitz LM, and Abraham RT. A direct linkage between the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signaling pathway and the mammalian target of rapamycin in mitogen-stimulated and transformed cells. Cancer Res 60: 3504-3513, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 3504-3513
    • Sekulic, A.1    Hudson, C.C.2    Homme, J.L.3    Yin, P.4    Otterness, D.M.5    Karnitz, L.M.6    Abraham, R.T.7
  • 53
    • 0033767872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling is important for smooth muscle cell replication after arterial injury
    • Shigematsu K, Koyama H, Olson NE, Cho A, and Reidy MA. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling is important for smooth muscle cell replication after arterial injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20: 2373-2378, 2000.
    • (2000) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.20 , pp. 2373-2378
    • Shigematsu, K.1    Koyama, H.2    Olson, N.E.3    Cho, A.4    Reidy, M.A.5
  • 54
    • 0037188941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Akt signaling in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis
    • Shiojima I and Walsh K. Role of Akt signaling in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. Circ Res 90: 1243-1250, 2002.
    • (2002) Circ Res , vol.90 , pp. 1243-1250
    • Shiojima, I.1    Walsh, K.2
  • 55
    • 0036933431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxic activation of adventitial fibroblasts: Role in vascular remodeling
    • Stenmark KR, Gerasimovskaya E, Nemenoff RA, and Das M. Hypoxic activation of adventitial fibroblasts: role in vascular remodeling. Chest 122: 326-334, 2002.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 326-334
    • Stenmark, K.R.1    Gerasimovskaya, E.2    Nemenoff, R.A.3    Das, M.4
  • 56
    • 0030934358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary vascular remodeling
    • Stenmark KR and Mecham RP. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Annu Rev Physiol 59: 89-144, 1997.
    • (1997) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.59 , pp. 89-144
    • Stenmark, K.R.1    Mecham, R.P.2
  • 57
    • 0036176049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signals of oxidant-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy: Key activation of p70 S6 kinase-1 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase
    • Tu VC, Bahl JJ, and Chen QM. Signals of oxidant-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy: key activation of p70 S6 kinase-1 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 300: 1101-1110, 2002.
    • (2002) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.300 , pp. 1101-1110
    • Tu, V.C.1    Bahl, J.J.2    Chen, Q.M.3
  • 58
    • 0031756273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP-stimulated smooth muscle cell proliferation requires independent ERK and PI3K signaling pathways
    • Wilden PA, Agazie YM, Kaufman R, and Halenda SP. ATP-stimulated smooth muscle cell proliferation requires independent ERK and PI3K signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 275: H1209-H1215, 1998.
    • (1998) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.275
    • Wilden, P.A.1    Agazie, Y.M.2    Kaufman, R.3    Halenda, S.P.4
  • 59
    • 0029868021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wortmannin-sensitive activation of p70s6k by endogenous and heterologously expressed Gi-coupled receptors
    • Wilson M, Burt AR, Milligan G, and Anderson NG. Wortmannin-sensitive activation of p70s6k by endogenous and heterologously expressed Gi-coupled receptors. J Biol Chem 271: 8537-8540, 1996.
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 8537-8540
    • Wilson, M.1    Burt, A.R.2    Milligan, G.3    Anderson, N.G.4
  • 60
    • 0032497832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases
    • Wymann MP and Pirola L. Structure and function of phosphoinositide 3-kinases. Biochim Biophys Acta 1436: 127-150, 1998.
    • (1998) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1436 , pp. 127-150
    • Wymann, M.P.1    Pirola, L.2
  • 61
    • 0032932912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAP kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and p70 S6 kinase mediate the mitogenic response of human endothelial cells to vascular endothelial growth factor
    • Yu Y and Sato JD. MAP kinases, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and p70 S6 kinase mediate the mitogenic response of human endothelial cells to vascular endothelial growth factor. J Cell Physiol 178: 235-246, 1999.
    • (1999) J Cell Physiol , vol.178 , pp. 235-246
    • Yu, Y.1    Sato, J.D.2
  • 62
    • 0034654174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression by the epidermal growth factor/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PTEN/AKT/FRAP pathway in human prostate cancer cells: Implications for tumor angiogenesis and therapeutics
    • Zhong H, Chiles K, Feldser D, Laughner E, Hanrahan C, Georgescu MM, Simons JW, and Semenza GL. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha expression by the epidermal growth factor/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PTEN/AKT/FRAP pathway in human prostate cancer cells: implications for tumor angiogenesis and therapeutics. Cancer Res 60: 1541-1545, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 1541-1545
    • Zhong, H.1    Chiles, K.2    Feldser, D.3    Laughner, E.4    Hanrahan, C.5    Georgescu, M.M.6    Simons, J.W.7    Semenza, G.L.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.