Apoptosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review of the evidence

Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 257-274

  Sathasivam, S ^a   Ince, P G ^a   Shaw, P J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Apoptosis; Apoptosis related molecules; Bcl 2 family members; Caspases; Death receptors; Morphology of motor neurones; p53 pathway; TUNEL ISEL staining

Indexed keywords

CASPASE 3; INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; PROTEIN BCL 2; PROTEIN P53;

AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; APOPTOSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MOUSE; NERVE CELL NECROSIS; NICK END LABELING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; TRANSGENIC MOUSE;

AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; APOPTOSIS; HUMANS; MOTOR NEURONS;

EID: 0034864628     PISSN: 03051846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.0305-1846.2001.00332.x     Document Type: Review

References (143)

1. Occipital cortex ablation in adult rat causes retrograde neuronal death in the lateral geniculate nucleus that resembles apoptosis
2. A novel anti-apoptosis gene, survivin, expressed in cancer and lymphoma
3. Inhibition of Bax channel-forming activity by Bcl-2
4. Apoptosis. The role of the endonuclease
5. Death receptors: Signaling and modulation
6. HIV-1 gp120 produces DNA fragmentation in the cerebral cortex of rat
7. Identification of deoxyribonuclease II as an endonuclease involved in apoptosis
8. Toxicity of ALS-linked SOD1 mutants
9. Protection of retinal ganglion cells from natural and axotomy-induced cell death in neonatal transgenic mice overexpressing bcl-2
10. Mutant p53 increases radioresistance in rat embryo fibroblasts simultaneously transfected with HPV16-E7 and/or activated H-ras
11. Structural and biochemical basis of apoptotic activation by Smac/DIABLO
12. A cautionary note on the use of the TUNEL stain to determine apoptosis
13. The death inhibitory molecules CED-9 and CED-4L use a common mechanism to inhibit the CED-3 death protease
14. Early detection of DNA strand breaks in the brain after transient focal ischemia: Implications for the role of DNA damage in apoptosis and neuronal cell death
15. Cu. Zn-superoxide dismutase-dependent apoptosis induced by nitric oxide in neuronal cells
16. Neuronal death in the central nervous system during development
17. Prevention of apoptosis by a baculovirus gene during infection of insect cells
18. Control of programmed cell death by the baculovirus genes p35 and iap
19. Key morphological features of apoptosis may occur in the absence of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation
20. Internucleosomal DNA cleavage should not be the sole criterion for identifying apoptosis
21. A biochemical hallmark of apoptosis: Internucleosomal degradation of the genome
22. Oxidative stress and motor neurone disease
23. Development of central nervous system pathology in a murine transgenic model of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
24. Alteration of the Bcl-x/Bax ratio in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Evidence for the implication of the p53 signalling pathway
25. p53- and CD95-associated apoptosis in neurodegenerative disease
26. The little devil of death
27. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and structural defects in Cu. Zn superoxide dismutase
28. Reed JCIAP family proteins - Suppressors of apoptosis
29. IAPs block apoptotic events induced by caspase-8 and cytochrome c by direct inhibition of distinct caspases
30. Inactivation of the inhibitory κB protein kinase/nuclear factor κB pathway by Par-4 expression potentiates tumor necrosis factor α-induced apoptosis
31. The product of par-4, a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C
32. Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death
33. Smac, a mitochondrial protein that promotes cytochrome c-dependent caspase activation by eliminating IAP inhibition
34. Neonatal motoneurons overexpressing the bcl-2 protooncogene in transgenic mice are protected from axotomy-induced cell death
35. A conserved family of cellular genes related to the baculovirus iap gene and encoding apoptosis inhibitors
36. Aggregation of mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase proteins in a culture model of ALS
37. Upregulation of Bax protein and increased DNA degradation in ALS spinal cord motor neurons
38. Experimental models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
39. Genetic control of programmed cell death in the nematode C. elegans
40. Apoptosis induced by differentiation or serum deprivation in an immortalized central nervous system neuronal cell line
41. The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine induces morphological changes typical of apoptosis in MOLT-4 without concomitant DNA fragmentation
42. Bcl-2 transgene expression can protect neurons against developmental and induced cell death
43. Apoptosis in cancer therapy: Crossing the threshold
44. Inhibition of ICE slows ALS in mice
45. Demonstration of extensive chromatin cleavage in transplanted Morris hepatoma 7777 tissue: Apoptosis or necrosis?
46. Protein synthesis required to anchor a mutant p53 protein which is temperature-sensitive for nuclear transport
47. Mutant superoxide dismutase-1-linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Molecular mechanisms of neuronal death and protection
48. Differentiation between cellular apoptosis and necrosis by combined use of in situ tailing and nick translation techniques
49. Motor neurone disease
50. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) and other reasons for elimination of neurons and axons
51. In situ detection of fragmented DNA (TUNEL assay) fails to discriminate among apoptosis, necrosis, and autolytic cell death: A cautionary note
52. Enforced dimerization of BAX results in its translocation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis
53. Par-4 is a novel mediator of neuronal degeneration associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
54. A giant ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme related to IAP apoptosis inhibitors
55. Drosophila homologs of baculovirus inhibitor of apoptosis proteins function to block cell death
56. Motor neuronal death in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not apoptotic. A comparative study of ALS and chronic aluminium chloride neurotoxicity in New Zealand white rabbits
57. Rapid transneuronal degeneration and death of cortical neurons following removal of the olfactory bulb
58. C. elegans survival gene ced-9 encodes a functional homologue of the mammalian proto-oncogene
59. Y antigen expression is correlated with apoptosis (programmed cell death)
60. Apoptosis and neurologic disease
61. Two types of apoptotic cell death of rat central nervous system-derived neuroblastoma B50 and B104 cells: Apoptosis induced during proliferation and after differentiation
62. L interacts with Apaf-1 and inhibits Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation
63. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Current issues in classification, pathogenesis and molecular pathology
64. Bax directly induces release of cytochrome c from isolated mitochondria
65. The Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis D-IAP1 suppresses cell death induced by caspase drICE
66. Apoptosis: A basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics
67. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: A primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis
68. Bcl-2: Prolonging life in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
69. Absence of p53: No effect in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
70. 2+-dependent endonuclease as an early event in castration-induced prostatic cell death
71. Functional role of caspase-1 and caspase-3 in an ALS transgenic mouse model
72. Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade
73. Suppression of apoptosis in mammalian cells by NAIP and a related family of IAP genes
74. Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts: Requirement for dATP and cytochrome c
75. A filamentous inclusion body within anterior horn neurons in motor neuron disease defined by immunocytochemical localization of ubiquitin
76. p53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents
77. p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes
78. Bcl-2 and Bax interactions in mitochondria probed with green fluorescent protein and fluorescence resonance energy transfer
79. Recent advances on neuronal caspases in development and neurodegeneration
80. Neuronal death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is apoptosis: Possible contribution of a programmed cell death mechanism
81. Mechanisms for neuronal degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in models of motor neuron death
82. Bax and adenine nucleotide translocator cooperate in mitochondrial control of apoptosis
83. Apoptotic and anti-apoptotic synaptic signaling mechanisms
84. Lack of apoptosis in mice with ALS
85. A study of apoptosis in normal and pathologic nervous tissue after in situ end-labeling of DNA strand breaks
86. Identification of a p53-dependent negative response element in the bcl-2 gene
87. Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression
88. Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene
89. Altered expression of bcl-2 and bax mRNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord motor neurons
90. FLICE induced apoptosis in a cell-free system
91. Caspase-12 mediates endoplasmic-reticulum-specific apoptosis and cytotoxicity by amyloid-β
92. Caspase-1 is activated in neural cells and tissue with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutations in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase
93. The prostate apoptosis response-4 protein participates in motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
94. Characterization of the endogenous deoxyribonuclease involved in nuclear DNA degradation during apoptosis (programmed cell death)
95. Ultrastructural differences during embryonic cell death in normal and peripherally deprived ciliary ganglia
96. Excitotoxic neuronal death in the immature brain is an apoptosis-necrosis morphological continuum
97. Non-NMDA and NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxic neuronal deaths in adult brain are morphologically distinct: Further evidence for an apoptosis-necrosis continuum
98. The p53 pathway
99. Motor neuron cell death in a mouse model of FALS is not mediated by the p53 cell survival regulator
100. Mutations associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis convert superoxide dismutase from an antiapoptotic gene to a proapoptotic gene: Studies in yeast and neural cells
101. Programmed cell death of embryonic motoneurons triggered through the Fas death receptor
102. Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
103. The TNFR2-TRAF signaling complex contains two novel proteins related to baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis proteins
104. The c-IAP-1 and c-IAP-2 proteins are direct inhibitors of specific caspases
105. The gene for neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein is partially deleted in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy
106. Caspase activation: The induced-proximity model
107. Expression and function of the leucine zipper protein Par-4 in apoptosis
108. Baculovirus inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) block activation of Sf-caspase-1
109. Caenorhabditis elegans CED-4 stimulates CED-3 processing and CED-3-induced apoptosis
110. Nuclear localization is essential for the activity of p53 protein
111. Induction of apoptosis by wild-type p53 in a human colon tumor-derived cell line
112. Science, medicine and the future. Motor neurone disease
113. DNA damage-induced phosphorylation of p53 alleviates inhibition by MDM2
114. Bcl-2 family proteins regulate the release of apoptogenic cytochrome c by the mitochondrial channel VDAC
115. Interaction between the C. elegans cell-death regulators CED-9 and CED-4
116. An alternative, nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death
117. DNA laddering and caspase 3-like activity in the spinal cord of a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
118. Molecular ordering of the fas-apoptotic pathway: The fas/APO-1 protease Mch5 is a Crm-inhibitable protease that activates multiple Ced-3/ICE-like cysteine proteases
119. Molecular determinants of the caspase-promoting activity of Smac/DIABLO and its role in the death receptor pathway
120. Drosophila p53: Meeting the Grim Reaper
121. Apoptosis signaling
122. IAP-family protein survivin inhibits caspase activity and apoptosis induced by Fas (CD95), Bax, caspases, and anticancer drugs
123. Apoptosis in ALS is not restricted to motoneurons. Bcl-2 expression is increased in post-central cortex, adjacent to the affected motor cortex
124. Apoptosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is not restricted to motor neurons. Bcl-2 expression is increased in unaffected post-central gyrus
125. The contrasting roles of ICE family proteases and interleukin-1β in apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal and by copper/zinc superoxide dismutase down-regulation
126. Cloning and expression of apoptosis inhibitory protein homologs that function to inhibit apoptosis and/or bind tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors
127. L regulates the membrane potential and volume homeostasis of mitochondria
128. Identification of DIABLO, a mammalian protein that promotes apoptosis by binding to and antagonizing IAP proteins
129. Bax and Bcl - 2 interaction in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
130. Delaying caspase activation by bcl-2: A clue to disease retardation in a transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
131. Cell death induction by receptors of the TNF family: Towards a molecular understanding
132. The Drosophila caspase inhibitor DIAP1 is essential for cell survival and is negatively regulated by HID
133. Activation of caspase-8 in drug-induced apoptosis of B-lymphoid cells is independent of CD95/Fas receptor-ligand interaction and occurs downstream of caspase-3
134. Movement of Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria during apoptosis
135. Interaction and regulation of subcellular localization of CED-4 by CED-9
136. Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: Release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked
137. FADD, essential for embryo development and signaling from some, but not all, inducers of apoptosis
138. In vitro induction of neuronal apoptosis by anti-Fas antibody-containing sera from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
139. Wild-type p53 induces apoptosis of myeloid leukaemic cells that is inhibited by interleukin-6
140. Y and nick-end labeling are positive in spinal motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
141. The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1 β-converting enzyme
142. Fas-mediated apoptosis and activation-induced T-cell proliferation are defective in mice lacking FADD/Mortl
143. Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C. elegans CED-4, participates in cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-3