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Volumn 288, Issue 5464, 2000, Pages 335-339

Functional role of caspase-1 and caspase-3 in an ALS transgenic mouse model

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CASPASE 3; CASPASE INHIBITOR; COPPER ZINC SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; MESSENGER RNA; MUTANT PROTEIN;

EID: 0034647003     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5464.335     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (656)

References (37)
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    • note
    • To investigate whether caspase-1 and caspase-3 are activated in the mSOD1 mouse spinal cord, we performed immunohistochemical staining with an antibody specific for activated caspase-1 (provided by J. Yuan, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) and an antibody specific to activated caspase-3, which is also known as CM1 (provided by A. Srinivasan, Idun Pharmaceutical, La Jolla, CA). In addition, a neuron-specific marker, anti-NeuN antibody (Chemicon, Temecula, CA), was used in a double staining procedure to identify neuronal cells. At 70, 90, and 110 days of age, mice were killed and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. Spinal cords were removed under a dissecting microscope. Tissue was frozen in cold isopentane after cryoprotection in 30% sucrose. Frozen sections (10 μm thick) were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 0.05% Tween-20 and were incubated with 5% normal goat serum. The sections were incubated overnight with rat polyclonal antibody to caspase-1 (1:5) or rabbit polyclonal antibody to caspase-3 (CM1) (1:2000), washed overnight, then washed three times with PBS, and finally probed with a biotinylated secondary antibody to rat immunogloblin G (IgG) or a biotinylated secondary antibody to rabbit IgG (1:300; Vector, Burlingame, CA) for 2 hours. Next, specimens were incubated in Fluorescein Avidin DCS (1:1000; Vector). Sections were also double stained with the NeuN antibody (1:100) followed by Texas Red antibody to mouse (1:200; Vector). Hoechst 33342 was used for counterstaining. The fluorescent stained sections were evaluated with epifluorescence microscopy.
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    • A Rotarod (Columbus Instruments, Columbus, OH) was used to evaluate motor function. Mice were first evaluated the day before placement of the osmotic pumps and thereafter on a weekly basis. Mice were placed on the rotating rod at speeds of 5, 15, and 20 rpm. The time each mouse remained on the rod was registered automatically. If the mouse remained on the rod for 7 min, the test was completed and scored as 7 min.
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    • Spinal cord and phrenic nerve samples were collected and processed as described (10). Motor neurons were counted on cryostat-cut sections (40 μm thick) stained with thionin. Quantification was performed by stereology as described by Liberatore et al. [Nature Med. 5, 1403 1999] on every 10th spinal cord section, spanning the entire cervical and lumbar enlargements.
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    • Spinal cord tissue was obtained from 70-, 90-, and 110-day-old mice. Total RNA was extracted with Trizol (Life Technologies, Rockville, MD), and 1 mg was used as a template for first-strand synthesis. Primers were designed from published sequences (Life Technologies). Primers used to amplify caspase-1 were 5′-TGG TCT TGT GAC TTG GAG GA-3′ and 5′-TGG CTT CTT ATT GGC ACG AT-3′, resulting in a 191-base pair (bp) amplified product. For caspase-3, primer sequences were 5′-TGT CAT GTC GCT CTG GTA CG-3′ and 5′-AAA TGA CCC CTT CAT CAC CA-3′, resulting in a 200-bp amplified product. To confirm cDNA integrity and to standardize expression levels, we amplified fragments of glyceraldehyde phoshpate-3-dehydrogenase (GADPH)in parallel. Products were analyzed by electrophoresis in a 1.5% agarose gel and were visualized by ethidium bromide staining. A Chemi Doc imaging system (BioRad) was used for signal quantification. Signals are expressed as the ratio of band densities (caspase/GAPDH) of caspase expression in ALS and wild-type mice.
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    • note
    • We thank A. Srinivasan for providing the CM1 antibody and J. Yuan for providing the caspase-1 antibody; M. Schoenebeck for expert preparation of the phrenic nerve samples; J. Yuan for insightful comments on the manuscript; and E. Friedlander for editorial assistance. Supported by the Muscular Dystrophy Association; the ALS Association; Project-ALS; the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grants R01 NS38586, R29 NS37345, and P50 NS38370); the U.S. Department of Defense (grant DAMD 17-99-1-9471); the Lowenstein Foundation; the Smart Foundation; and the Parkinson's Disease Foundation. C.G. is the recipient of a scholarship from the French ISERM. S.P. is a recipient of the Cotzias Award from the American Parkinson Disease Association.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.