Transforming growth factor-β pleiotropic role in the regulation of hematopoiesis

Blood

Volumn 96, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 2022-2036

  Fortunel, Nicolas O ^a   Hatzfeld, Antoinette ^a   Hatzfeld, Jacques A ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; CYTOKINE; GROWTH FACTOR; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; PROTEIN SERINE THREONINE KINASE; SMAD PROTEIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR;

ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; APOPTOSIS; CELL CYCLE; CELL LINEAGE; CELL PROLIFERATION; DENDRITIC CELL; ERYTHROPOIESIS; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; GRANULOPOIESIS; HEMATOPOIESIS; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; MEGAKARYOPOIESIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STEM CELL;

EID: 0034665777     PISSN: 00064971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1182/blood.v96.6.2022     Document Type: Review

References (260)

1. Cytokine network involved in the regulation of haemopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation
2. Hematopoietic regulators: Redundancy or subtlety?
3. Differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells
4. Mitogenic properties of major extracellular proteins
5. Use of hematopoietic growth factors for in vitro expansion of precursor cell populations
6. Growth factors from mufine sarcoma virus-transformed cells
7. Transforming growth factors: Isolation of polypeptides from virally and chemically transformed cells by add/ethanol extraction
8. Introduction: What is TGF-β? In clinical applications of TGF-β
9. Human transforming growth factor β complementary DNA sequence and expression in normal and transformed cells
10. Complementary DNA for human glioblastoma-derived T cell suppressor facto, a novel member of the transforming growth factor-β gene family
11. Identification of another member of the transforming growth factor type β gene family
12. Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning of a messenger ribonucleic acid encoding transforming growth factor β4 from chicken embryo chondrocytes
13. Identification of a novel transforming growth factor β (TGF-β5) mRNA in Xenopus laevis
14. Detection of ebaf, a novel human gene of the transforming growth factor β superfamily: Association of gene expression with endometdal bleeding
15. Molecular events in the processing of recombinant type 1 pre-pro-transforming growth factor-β to the mature polypeptide
16. Identification and activation of latent transforming growth factor-β
17. TGF-β latency: Biological significance and mechanisms of activation
18. Purification and characterization of transforming growth factor-β 2.3 and -β1.2 heterodimers from bovine bone
19. Latent high molecular weight complex of transforming growth factor β1, Purification from human platelets and structural characterization
20. Latent transforming growth factor-β from human platelets. A high molecular weight complex containing precursor sequences
21. Isolation of a novel latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein gene (LTBP-3)
22. Identification and characterization of LTBP-2, a novel latent transforming growth factor-β-binding protein
23. Identification and characterization of a new latent transforming growth factor-β-binding protein, LTBP-4
24. A role of the latent TGF-β1-binding protein in the assembly and secretion of TGF-β1
25. Latent transforming growth factor-β: Structural features and mechanisms of activation
26. Growth factors in the extracellular matrix
27. Dual role for the latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein in storage of latent TGF-β in the extracellular matrix and as a structural matrix protein
28. Latent transforming growth factor-β 1 associates to fibroblast extracellular matrix via latent TGF-β binding protein
29. Human mast cell chymase and leukocyte elastase release latent transforming growth factor type β1 from the extracellular matrix of cultured human epithelial and endothelial cells
30. Efficient association of an amino-terminally extended form of human latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein with the extracellular matrix
31. Physicochemical activation of recombinant latent transforming growth factor-β's 1,2, and 3
32. Acidic cellular environments: Activation of latent TGF-β and sensitization of cellular responses to TGF-β and EGF
33. Redox-mediated activation of latent transforming growth factor-β1
34. Proteolytic activation of latent transforming growth factor β from fibroblast-conditioned medium
35. Mechanism of activation of latent transforming growth factor β1 by plasmin
36. Cellular activation of latent transforming growth factor β requires binding to the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor type II receptor
37. Characterization of latent TGF-β activation by murine peritoneal macrophages
38. M6P/IGFII-receptor complexes urokinase receptor and plasminogen for activation of transforming growth factor-β1
39. Regulation of cell surface tissue transglutaminase. Effects on matrix storage of latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein-1
40. Requirement for transglutaminase in the activation of latent transforming growth factor β in bovine endothelial cells
41. Latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein domains invoked in activation and transglutaminase-dependent cross-linking of latent transforming growth factor-β
42. Thrombospondin binds and activates the small and large forms of latent transforming growth factor-β1 in a chemically defined system
43. The type I repeats of thrombospondin 1 activate latent transforming growth factor-β
44. Thrombospondin-1 is a major activator of TGF-β1 in vivo
45. Role for carbohydrate structures in TGF-β1 latency
46. The integrin α5 β6 binds and activates latent TGF β1: A mechanism for regulating pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis
47. Identification of human activin and T.G.F. β type I receptors that form heteromeric kinase complexes with type II receptors
48. Cloning of a type I TGF-β receptor and its effect on TGF-β binding to the type II receptor
49. Cloning of a TGF β type I receptor that forms a heteromeric complex with the TGF β type II receptor
50. Expression cloning of the TGF-β, type II receptor, a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase
51. Mechanism of activation of the TGF-β receptor
52. Specificity, diversity, and regulation in TGF-β superfamily signaling
53. The high molecular weight receptor to transforming growth factor-β contains glycosaminoglycan chains
54. Structure and expression of the membrane proteoglycan βglycan, a component of the TGF-β receptor system
55. Betaglycan has multiple binding sites for transforming growth factor-β 1
56. Endoglin is an accessory protein that interacts with the signaling receptor complex of multiple members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily
57. The transforming growth factor β receptors types I, II, and III form hetero-oligomeric complexes in the presence of ligand
58. Betaglycan presents ligand to the TG F-β receptors
59. Endoglin modulates cellular response to TGF-β1
60. Endoglin is a component of the transforming growth factor-β receptor system in human endothelial cells
61. Molecular characterization and in situ localization of murine endoglin reveal that it is a transforming growth factor β binding protein of endothelial and stromal cells
62. Endoglin: A 180-kD endothelial cell and macrophage restricted differentiation molecule
63. Endoglin is expressed on a subpopulation of immature erythroid cells of normal human bone marrow
64. Differential expression of endoglin on fetal and adult hematopoietic cells in human bone marrow
65. Characterization of TGF-β-binding proteins in human marrow stromal cells
66. Receptors for the TGF-β family
67. TGF-β signal transduction
68. Tβ RI phosphorylation of Smad2 on Ser465 and Ser467 is required for Smad2-Smad4 complex formation and signaling
69. TGF-β1 receptor-mediated signalling through Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4
70. Receptor-associated Mad homologues synergize as effectors of the TGF-β response
71. The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGFβ receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGFβ signaling
72. Smad6 inhibits signalling by the type β superfamily
73. Identification of Smad7, a TGF-β-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signalling
74. Smad5 and DPC4 are key molecules in mediating BMP2-induced osteoblastic differentiation of the pluripotent mesenchymal precursor cell line C2C12
75. The Smad5 gene is involved in the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor β on human hematopoiesis
76. + hematopoietic progenitor cells from patients with myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia
77. The TGF-β type II receptor in chronic myeloid leukemia: Analysis of microsatellite regions and gene expression
78. Loss of functional cell surface transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) type I receptor correlates with insensitivity to TGF-β in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
79. Heterogenous response of B lymphocytes to transforming growth factor-β in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Correlation with the expression of TGF-β receptors
80. Loss of receptors for transforming growth factor-β in human T-cell malignancies
81. A dominant inhibitory mutant of the type II transforming growth factor-β receptor in the malignant progression of a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
82. A deletion in the gene for transforming growth factors β type I receptor abolishes growth regulation by transforming growth factors β in a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
83. Mutational analysis of the tumor suppressor Smad2 in acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia
84. The oncoprotein Evi-1 represses TGF-β signalling by inhibiting Smad3
85. The transcription factor Evi-1
86. The t(3;21) fusion product, AML1/Evi-1, interacts with Smad3 and blocks transforming growth factor-β-mediated growth inhibition of myeloid cells
87. Low frequency of myeloid progenitor cells in chronic idiopathic neutropenia of adults may be related to increased production of TGF-β1 by bone marrow stromal cells
88. Excessive production of transforming growth factor-β by bone marrow stromal cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia inhibits growth of hematopoietic precursors and interleukin-6 production
89. Dual implication of fibrogenic cytokines in the pathogenesis of fibrosis and myeloproliferation in myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis
90. The production of transforming growth factor-β in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and its possible implications in myelofibrosis
91. Transforming growth factor β and megakaryocytes in the pathogenesis of idiopathic myelofibrosis
92. Monocyte adhesion in patients with bone marrow fibrosis is required for the production of fibrogenic cytokines. Potential role for interleukin-1 and TGF-β
93. Deposition of transforming growth factor-β in the marrow in myelofibrosis, and the intracellular localization and secretion of TGF-β by leukemic cells
94. SMAD3/4-dependent transcriptional activation of the human type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) promoter by transforming growth factor β
95. Endoglin, a TGF-β binding protein of endothelial cells, is the gene for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1
96. Mutations in the activin receptor-like kinase 1 gene in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2
97. Structural basis for the pathophysiology of lipoprotein (a) in the athero-thrombotic process
98. Inactivation of the type II TGF-β receptor in colon cancer cells with microsatellite instability
99. Mutation analysis of the transforming growth factor-β type II receptor in human cell lines resistant to growth inhibition by transforming growth factor-β
100. Genetic changes in the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) type II receptor gene in human gastric cancer cells Correlation with sensitivity to growth inhibition by TGF-β
101. Truncation of the TGF-β type II receptor gene results in insensitivity to TGF-β in human gastric cancer cells
102. Loss of expression of transforming growth factor β type I and type II receptors correlates with tumor grade in human prostate cancer tissues
103. Attenuated ALK5 receptor expression in human pancreatic cancer: Correlation with resistance to growth inhibition
104. Human malignant thyroid tumors displayed reduced levels of transforming growth factor β receptor type II messenger RNA and protein
105. Transforming growth factor-β receptors type I, II and III in phenobarbital-promoted rat liver tumors
106. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and TGF-β1 receptors in normal, cirrhotic, and neoplastic human livers
107. Absence of TGF-β receptors and growth inhibitory responses in retinoblastoma cells
108. Lack of transforming growth factor-β type II receptor expression in human retinoblastoma cells
109. Reduced transforming growth factor-β type II receptor (TGF-βRII) expression in adenocarcinoma of the lung
110. Expression of a dominant-negative type II transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptor in the epidermis of transgenic mice blocks TGF-β-mediated growth inhibition
111. Expression of a dominant negative type II TGF-β receptor in mouse skin results in an increase in carcinoma incidence and an acceleration of carcinoma development
112. Transgenic mice overexpressing a dominant-negative mutant type II transforming growth factor β receptor show enhanced tumorigenesis in the mammary gland and lung in response to the carcinogen 7,12 dimethylbene-α-anthracene
113. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant TGF-β type II receptor in transgenic mice reveals essential roles for TGF-β in regulation of growth and differentiation in the exocrine pancreas
114. TGF-β knockout and dominant-negative receptor transgenic mice
115. TGF-β signaling and cancer: Structural and functional consequences of mutations in Smads
116. Mutations increasing autoinhibition inactivate tumour suppressors Smad2 and Smad4
117. Somatic alterations of the SMAD-2 gene in human colorectal cancers
118. Higher frequency of Smad4 gene mutation in human colorectal cancer with distant metastasis
119. Smad6 suppresses TGF-β-induced growth inhibition in COLO-357 pancreatic cancer cells and is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer
120. Biology of TGF-β knockout and transgenic mouse models
121. Effects of recombinant transforming growth factor-β1 on hematologic recovery after treatment of mice with 5-fluorouracil
122. Recombinant transforming growth factor β1 and β2 protect mice from acutely lethal doses of 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin
123. Inhibition of early murine hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation after in vivo locoregional administration of transforming growth factor-β1
124. Transforming growth factor-β1 systemically modulates granuloid, erythroid, lymphoid, and thrombocytic cells in mice
125. Alteration in erythropoiesis in TGF-β-treated mice
126. Increased granulopoiesis after sequential administration of transforming growth factor-β1 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
127. Chronic administration of transforming growth factor-β suppresses erythropoietin-dependent erythropoiesis and induces tumour necrosis factor in vivo
128. Defective haematopoiesis and vasculogenesis in transforming growth factor-β1 knockout mice
129. A role for TGF-β1 in Langerhans cell biology. Further characterization of the epidermal Langerhans cell defect in TGF-β1 null mice
130. The liver in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) null mutant mice
131. Decreased bone mass and bone elasticity in mice lacking the transforming growth factor-β1 gene
132. Immune dysregulation in TGF-β1-deficient mice
133. Auto-immune manifestations in the transforming growth factor-β1 knockout mouse
134. TGF-β receptor type II deficiency results in defects of yolk sac hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis
135. Defective angiogenesis in mice lacking endoglin
136. A murine model for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
137. Abnormal lung development and cleft palate in mice lacking TGF-β3 indicates defects of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction
138. TGF-β2 knockout mice have multiple developmental defects that are non-overlapping with other TGF-β knockout phenotypes
139. Targeted disruption of SMAD3 results in impaired mucosal immunity and diminished T cell responsiveness to TGF-β
140. Intestinal tumorigenesis in compound mutant mice of both Dpc4 (Smad4) and Apc genes
141. Smad5 knockout mice die at mid-gestation due to multiple embryonic and extraembryonic defects
142. Direct measurement of the radiation sensitivity of normal mouse bone marrow cells
143. Functional isolation and characterization of human hematopoietic stem cells
144. Two forms of transforming growth factor-β distinguished by multipotential haematopoietic progenitor cells
145. Transforming growth factor-β1 selectively regulates early murine hematopoietic progenitors and inhibits the growth of IL-3-dependent myeloid leukemia cell lines
146. Transforming growth factor β directly regulates primitive murine hematopoietic cell proliferation
147. Differential proliferative effects of transforming growth factor-β on human hematopoietic progenitor cells
148. Transforming growth factor β selectively inhibits normal and leukemic human bone marrow cell growth in vitro
149. Bidirectional effects of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on colony-stimulating factor-induced human myelopoiesis in vitro: Differential effects of distinct TGF-β isoforms
150. Release of early human hematopoietic progenitors from quiescence by antisense transforming growth factor β1 or Rb oligonucleotides
151. Autocrine transforming growth factor β1 blocks colony formation and progenitor cell generation by hemopoietic stem cells stimulated with steel factor
152. + hematopoietic progenitor cells
153. +++ stern/progenitor cells from human bone marrow and umbilical cord blood plated with and without serum
154. Specific dose-response effects of TGF-β1 on developmentally distinct hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from human umbilical cord blood
155. - human umbilical cord blood cells reveals their potentiality to engraft adults
156. + human hematopoietic progenitors
157. Transforming growth factor-β1 is significantly elevated in plasma of patients suffering from renal cell carcinoma
158. Pure human hematopoietic progenitors: Direct inhibitory effect of transforming growth factors-β1 and -β2
159. The effects of transforming growth factor β3 on the growth of highly enriched hematopoietic progenitor cells derived from normal human bone marrow and peripheral blood
160. Haemopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures. A review
161. Molecular analysis of primitive hematopoietic cell proliferation control mechanisms
162. Mechanisms that regulate the cell cycle status of very primitive hematopoietic cells in long-term human marrow cultures, II: Analysis of positive and negative regulators produced by stromal cells within the adherent layer
163. Bone marrow natural suppressor cells inhibit the growth of myeloid progenitor cells and the synthesis of colony-stimulating factors
164. TGF-β down-regulates stromal IL-7 secretion and inhibits proliferation of human B cell precursors
165. Induction of chemokine mRNA in bone marrow stromal cells: Modulation by TGF-β1 and IL-4
166. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induces thrombopoietin from bone marrow stromal cells, which stimulates the expression of TGF-β receptor on megakaryocytes and, in turn, renders them susceptible to suppression by TGF-β itself with high specificity
167. Transforming growth factor-β expression in human marrow stromal cells
168. Mechanisms that regulate the cell cycle status of very primitive hematopoietic cells in long-term human marrow cultures, I: Stimulatory role of a variety of mesenchymal cell activators and inhibitory role of TGF-β
169. Conditions controlling the proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells in vitro
170. Growth acceleration and stem cell expansion in Dexter-type cultures by neutralization of TGF-β
171. Differentiation stage-specific regulation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitor cycling by exogenous and endogenous inhibitors in an in vivo model
172. Developmentally regulated responsiveness to transforming growth factor-β is correlated with functional differences between human adult and fetal primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells
173. Transforming growth factor β is a potent inhibitor of interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor expression: Proposed mechanism of inhibition of IL-1 action
174. Transforming growth factor-β trans-modulates the expression of colony stimulating factor receptors on murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines
175. Stimulation of granulopoiesis by transforming growth factor: Synergy with granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor
176. TGF-β is a bidirectional modulator of cytokine receptor expression on murine bone marrow cells. Differential effects of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3
177. Transforming growth factor-β regulates c-kit message stability and cell-surface protein expression in hematopoietic progenitors
178. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibits expression of the gene products for steel factor and its receptor (c-kit)
179. Early CD34(high) cells can be separated into KIT(high) cells in which transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) downmodulates c-kit and KIT(low) cells in which anti-TGF-β upmodulates c-kit
180. Transforming growth factor-β inhibits the action of stem cell factor on mouse and human hematopoietic progenitors
181. High proliferative potential-quiescent cells: A working model to study primitive quiescent hematopoietic cells
182. Ability of fit3 ligand to stimulate the in vitro growth of primitive murine hematopoietic progenitors is potently and directly inhibited by transforming growth factor-β and tumor necrosis factor-α
183. Accelerated cell-cycling of hematopoietic progenitors by the fit3 ligand that is modulated by transforming growth factor-β
184. -) human bone marrow progenitor cells: Distinct and key interactions with the ligands for c-kit and flt3, and inhibitory effects of TGF-β and TNF-α
185. Engraftment and long-term expression of human fetal hemopoietic stem cells in sheep following transplantation in utero
186. + human marrow cells that express low levels of Kit protein are enriched for long-term marrow-engrafting cells
187. Hematopoietic cytokines inhibit apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor β1 and cancer chemotherapy compounds in myeloid leukemic cells
188. Transforming growth factor-β-mediated apoptosis in the Ramos B-lymphoma cell line is accompanied by caspase activation and Bcl-XL downregulation
189. Role of caspases and possible involvement of retinoblastoma protein during TGFβ-mediated apoptosis of human B lymphocytes
190. Effects of transforming growth factor β1 on growth and apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia cells
191. TGF-β inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in leukemic B cell precursors
192. Transforming growth factor-β1 attenuates ceramide-induced CPP32/Yama activation and apoptosis in human leukaemic HL-60 cells
193. Cell density-dependent apoptosis in HL-60 cells, which is mediated by an unknown soluble factor, is inhibited by transforming growth factor-β1 and overexpression of Bcl-2
194. Transforming growth factor β abrogates the effects of hematopoietins on eosinophils and induces their apoptosis
195. Three isoforms of transforming growth factor-β co-stimulate rat T cells and inhibit lymphocyte apoptosis
196. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibits Fas ligand expression and subsequent activation-induced cell death in T cells via downregulation of c-Myc
197. TGF-β1 promotes in vitro generation of dendritic cells by protecting progenitor cells from apoptosis
198. Transforming growth factor β1 directly and reversibly inhibits the initial cell division of long-term repopulating stem cells
199. + haemopoietic progenitor cells
200. Transforming growth factor-β1 abrogates Fas-induced growth suppression and apoptosis of murine bone marrow progenitor cells
201. Transforming growth factor-β potently inhibits the viability-promoting activity of stem cell factor and other cytokines and induces apoptosis of primitive murine hematopoietic progenitor cells
202. The flt3 ligand promotes the survival of primitive hemopoietic progenitor cells with myeloid as well as B lymphoid potential. Suppression of apoptosis and counteraction by TNF-α and TGF-β
203. TGF-β1 maintains hematopoietic immaturity by a reversible negative control of cell cycle and induces CD34 antigen up-modulation
204. Modulation of bcl-2 and p27 in human primitive proliferating hematopoietic progenitors by autocrine TGF-β1 is a cell cycle-independent effect and influences their hematopoietic potential
205. Interleukin 3 opposes the action of negative regulatory protein (NRP) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in their inhibition of DNA synthesis of the erythroid stem cell BFU-E
206. TGF-β cooperates with TGF-α to induce the self-renewal of normal erythrocytic progenitors: Evidence for an autocrine mechanism
207. Effect of transforming growth factor-β1 on proliferation and induction of hemoglobin accumulation in K-562 cells
208. TGF-β1 drives and accelerates erythroid differentiation in the Epo-dependent UT-7 cell line even in the absence of erythropoietin
209. Transforming growth factor-β1 is an inducer of erythroid differentiation
210. Human burst-forming units-erythroid need direct interaction with stem cell factor for further development
211. Retroviral-mediated gene transduction of c-kit into single hematopoietic progenitor cells from cord blood enhances erythroid colony formation and decreases sensitivity to inhibition by tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β1
212. Inhibition of erythroid differentiation by stem cell factor in K-562 cells expressing the c-kit gene
213. Stem cell factor retards differentiation of normal human erythroid progenitor cells while stimulating proliferation
214. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a potent inhibitor of erythropoiesis: Neutralizing TGF-β antibodies show erythropoietin as a potent stimulator of murine burst-forming unit erythroid colony formation in the absence of a burst-promoting activity
215. Effect of the interaction between transforming growth factor β and erythropoietin on the proliferation of normal erythroid progenitors and leukemic UT-7 cells: Action of transforming growth factor β on the erythropoietin receptor
216. Expression and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein during induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells
217. 1 phase
218. Study of the role of retinoblastoma protein in terminal differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells
219. Modulation of retinoblastoma gene in normal adult hematopoiesis: Peak expression and functional role in advanced erythroid differentiation
220. Effects of an Rb mutation in the mouse
221. Mice deficient for Rb are nonviable and show defects in neurogenesis and haematopoiesis
222. Retinoblastoma gene deficiency has mitogenic but not tumorigenic effects on erythropoiesis
223. Transforming growth factor-β enhances the M-CSF and GM-CSF-stimulated proliferation of macrophages
224. Transforming growth factor-β1 bifunctionally regulates murine macrophage proliferation
225. Transforming growth factor β1 functions in monocytic differentiation of hematopoietic cells through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms
226. Interacting cytokines regulate in vitro human megakaryocytopoiesis
227. Differential effects of transforming growth factor-β1 on distinct developmental stages of murine megakaryocytopoiesis
228. Thrombopoietin (c-mpl ligand) acts synergistically with erythropoietin, stem cell factor, and interleukin-11 to enhance murine megakaryocyte colony growth and increases megakaryocyte ploidy in vitro
229. Thrombopoietin, the Mpl ligand, is essential for full megakaryocyte development
230. - primitive progenitor cells
231. Transforming growth factor β inhibits megakaryocyte growth and endomitosis
232. Serum-free medium allows the optimal growth of human megakaryocyte progenitors compared with human plasma supplemented cultures: Role of TGF β
233. Effect of thrombopoietin on the development of megakaryocytes and platelets: An ultrastructure analysis
234. Thrombopoietin-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in normal megakaryocytes: Role in endomitosis
235. Transforming growth factor β inhibits endomitosis in the Dami human megakaryocytic cell line
236. Effects of transforming growth factor β on megakaryocytic cell fusion and endomitosis
237. Human platelet α granules contain a nonspecific inhibitor of megakaryocyte colony formation: Its relationship to type β transforming growth factor (TGF-β)
238. Synthesis of transforming growth factor-β1 by megakaryocytes and its localization to megakaryocyte and platelet α-granules
239. Detection and quantification of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) release by normal human megakaryocytes
240. Essential thrombocythemia: Impaired regulation of megakaryocyte progenitors
241. Reduced responsiveness of bone marrow megakaryocyte progenitors to platelet-derived transforming growth factor β1, produced in normal amounts, in patients with essential thrombocythaemia
242. Thrombopoietin stimulates colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte proliferation and megakaryocyte maturation independently of cytokines that signal through the gp130 receptor subunit
243. c-jun and c-los are expressed by human megakaryocytes
244. c-fos mRNA constitutive expression by mature human megakaryocytes
245. + hemopoietic progenitors
246. Transforming growth factor-β1 polarizes murine hematopoietic progenitor cells to generate Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells through monocyte/macrophage differentiation pathway
247. Transforming growth factor-β1, in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4, induces differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into dendritic Langerhans cells
248. TGF-β1 prevents the noncognate maturation of human dendritic Langerhans cells
249. Cutting edge: Immature dendritic cells generated from monocytes in the presence of TGF-β1 express functional C-C chemokine receptor 6
250. + precursor cells develop into Langerhans cells in a TGF-β1-dependent manner
251. FLT3 ligand in cooperation with transforming growth factor-β1 potentiates in vitro development of Langerhans-type dendritic cells and allows single-cell dendritic cell cluster formation under serum-free conditions
252. Gene transfer by retrovirus vector occurs only in cells that are actively replicating at the time of infection
253. Comparison of the effects of growth factors on retroviral vector-mediated gone transfer and the proliferative status of human hematopoietic progenitor cells
254. Increased stable retroviral gene transfer in early hematopoietic progenitors released from quiescence
255. -1 coupled with transforming growth factor β neutralization induces cell-cycle entry and increases retroviral transduction of primitive human hematopoietic cells
256. + peripheral blood progenitors and increases the number of transduced progenitors
257. Abrogation of TGF-β activity during retroviral transduction improves murine hematopoietic progenitor and repopulating cell gene transfer efficiency
258. p21 mRNA is controlled by endogenous transforming growth factor-β1 in quiescent human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
259. 1 phase of hematopoietic cells
260. Bone morphogenetic proteins regulate the developmental program of human hematopoietic stem cells