메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 250-264

The leptin era: New insight into the mechanisms of body weight homeostasis

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LEPTIN;

EID: 0033511868     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199909000-00005     Document Type: Short Survey
Times cited : (16)

References (163)
  • 1
    • 0031261695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varying body mass index cutoff points to describe overweight prevalence among U.S. adults
    • Kuczmarski RJ, Carroll MD, Flegal KM, Troiano RP. Varying body mass index cutoff points to describe overweight prevalence among U.S. adults. Obes Res 1997;5:542.
    • (1997) Obes Res , vol.5 , pp. 542
    • Kuczmarski, R.J.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Flegal, K.M.3    Troiano, R.P.4
  • 2
    • 0031915630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Percentiles for body mass index in U.S. children 5 to 17 years of age
    • Rosner B, Prineas R, Loggie J, Daniels SR. Percentiles for body mass index in U.S. children 5 to 17 years of age. J Pediatr 1998;132:211-22.
    • (1998) J Pediatr , vol.132 , pp. 211-222
    • Rosner, B.1    Prineas, R.2    Loggie, J.3    Daniels, S.R.4
  • 3
    • 0030425016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the prevention of coronary artery disease in Asians: A scientific statement of the International College of Nutrition
    • Singh RB, Mori H, Chen J, et al. Recommendations for the prevention of coronary artery disease in Asians: a scientific statement of the International College of Nutrition. Cardiovasc Risk 1996;3:489-94.
    • (1996) Cardiovasc Risk , vol.3 , pp. 489-494
    • Singh, R.B.1    Mori, H.2    Chen, J.3
  • 4
    • 0024478201 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 16-19-year-old teenagers
    • Andersen LB, Henckel P, Saltin B. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 16-19-year-old teenagers. J Intern Med 1989;225: 157-63.
    • (1989) J Intern Med , vol.225 , pp. 157-163
    • Andersen, L.B.1    Henckel, P.2    Saltin, B.3
  • 6
    • 0027437262 scopus 로고
    • Medical hazards of obesity
    • Pi-Sunyer FX. Medical hazards of obesity. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119:655-60.
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med , vol.119 , pp. 655-660
    • Pi-Sunyer, F.X.1
  • 7
    • 0020533259 scopus 로고
    • Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: A 26-year follow-up of participants in the Framingham heart study
    • Hubert HB, Feinleib M, McNamara PM, Castelli WP. Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: a 26-year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 1983;67:968-77.
    • (1983) Circulation , vol.67 , pp. 968-977
    • Hubert, H.B.1    Feinleib, M.2    McNamara, P.M.3    Castelli, W.P.4
  • 8
    • 0029788066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in fasting insulin and glucose over seven years with increasing weight and inactivity of young adults. The CARDIA study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults
    • Folsom AR, Jacobs DR, Jr., Wagenknecht LE, et al. Increase in fasting insulin and glucose over seven years with increasing weight and inactivity of young adults. The CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:235-46.
    • (1996) Am J Epidemiol , vol.144 , pp. 235-246
    • Folsom, A.R.1    Jacobs D.R., Jr.2    Wagenknecht, L.E.3
  • 9
    • 0030870903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic data
    • Solomon CG, Manson JE. Obesity and mortality: a review of the epidemiologic data. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:1044S-50S.
    • (1997) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.66
    • Solomon, C.G.1    Manson, J.E.2
  • 10
    • 0024403309 scopus 로고
    • Body mass index at the age of 18 and its effects on 32-year-mortality from coronary heart disease and cancer. A nested case-control study among the entire 1932 Dutch male birth cohort
    • Hoffmans MD, Kromhout D, Coulander CD. Body Mass Index at the age of 18 and its effects on 32-year-mortality from coronary heart disease and cancer. A nested case-control study among the entire 1932 Dutch male birth cohort. J Clin Epidemiol 1989;42: 513-20.
    • (1989) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.42 , pp. 513-520
    • Hoffmans, M.D.1    Kromhout, D.2    Coulander, C.D.3
  • 11
    • 0032010796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current estimates of the economic costs of obesity in the United States
    • G.A. C.
    • Wolf AM, G.A. C. Current estimates of the economic costs of obesity in the United States. Obes Res 1998;6:97-106.
    • (1998) Obes Res , vol.6 , pp. 97-106
    • Wolf, A.M.1
  • 12
    • 0027360855 scopus 로고
    • Actual causes of death in the United States
    • McGinnis JM, Foege WH. Actual causes of death in the United States. JAMA 1993;270:2207-12.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2207-2212
    • McGinnis, J.M.1    Foege, W.H.2
  • 13
    • 0030023871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The demographics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. An international multicenter study
    • Loder RT. The demographics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. An international multicenter study. Clin Orthop 1996:8-27.
    • (1996) Clin Orthop , pp. 8-27
    • Loder, R.T.1
  • 15
    • 0027322274 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A prospective and case-control study
    • Radhakrishnan K, Thacker AK, Bohlaga NH, Maloo JC, Gerryo SE. Epidemiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective and case-control study. J Neurol Sci 1993;116:18-28.
    • (1993) J Neurol Sci , vol.116 , pp. 18-28
    • Radhakrishnan, K.1    Thacker, A.K.2    Bohlaga, N.H.3    Maloo, J.C.4    Gerryo, S.E.5
  • 16
    • 0026490899 scopus 로고
    • Pediatric pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension)
    • Lessell S. Pediatric pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension). Surv Ophthalmol 1992;37:155-66.
    • (1992) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.37 , pp. 155-166
    • Lessell, S.1
  • 17
    • 0024369391 scopus 로고
    • Sleep-associated breathing disorders in morbidly obese children and adolescents
    • Mallory GB, Jr., Fiser DH, Jackson R. Sleep-associated breathing disorders in morbidly obese children and adolescents. J Pediatr 1989;115:892-7.
    • (1989) J Pediatr , vol.115 , pp. 892-897
    • Mallory G.B., Jr.1    Fiser, D.H.2    Jackson, R.3
  • 18
    • 0028122534 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea/ hypopnoea syndrome
    • Douglas NJ, Polo O. Pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea/ hypopnoea syndrome. Lancet 1994;344:653-5.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 653-655
    • Douglas, N.J.1    Polo, O.2
  • 19
    • 0030946428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence
    • Glaser NS. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence. Pediatr Clin North Am 1997;44:307-37.
    • (1997) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.44 , pp. 307-337
    • Glaser, N.S.1
  • 22
    • 0027525519 scopus 로고
    • Social and economic consequences of overweight in adolescence and young adulthood
    • Gortmaker SL, Must A, Perrin JM, Sobol AM, Dietz WH. Social and economic consequences of overweight in adolescence and young adulthood. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1008-12.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 1008-1012
    • Gortmaker, S.L.1    Must, A.2    Perrin, J.M.3    Sobol, A.M.4    Dietz, W.H.5
  • 23
    • 0028906616 scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in children. Diagnosis and management
    • Kirschner BS. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in children. Diagnosis and management. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1995; 24:99-117.
    • (1995) Gastroenterol Clin North Am , vol.24 , pp. 99-117
    • Kirschner, B.S.1
  • 24
    • 0030275804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interrelationship of nutrition and pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis
    • Borowitz D. The interrelationship of nutrition and pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 1996;2:457-61.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.2 , pp. 457-461
    • Borowitz, D.1
  • 25
    • 0029863447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in children with immunodeficiency and AIDS
    • Winter H, Chang TI. Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in children with immunodeficiency and AIDS. Pediatr Clin North Am 1996;43:573-90.
    • (1996) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.43 , pp. 573-590
    • Winter, H.1    Chang, T.I.2
  • 26
    • 10344238541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum leptin levels in women with anorexia nervosa
    • Grinspoon S, Gulick T, Askari H, et al. Serum leptin levels in women with anorexia nervosa. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:3861-3.
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , pp. 3861-3863
    • Grinspoon, S.1    Gulick, T.2    Askari, H.3
  • 27
    • 0022517548 scopus 로고
    • Somatomedin-C levels in growth-impaired children and adolescents with chronic inflammatory bowel disease
    • Kirschner BS, Sutton MM. Somatomedin-C levels in growth-impaired children and adolescents with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 1986;91:830-6.
    • (1986) Gastroenterology , vol.91 , pp. 830-836
    • Kirschner, B.S.1    Sutton, M.M.2
  • 29
    • 0029816596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gender, body composition, and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin
    • Rosenbaum M, Nicolson M, Hirsch J, et al. Effects of gender, body composition, and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:3424-7.
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , pp. 3424-3427
    • Rosenbaum, M.1    Nicolson, M.2    Hirsch, J.3
  • 30
    • 0027256527 scopus 로고
    • A re-evaluation of the anabolic effect of testosterone in rats: Interactions with gonadectomy, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy
    • Woodward CJ. A re-evaluation of the anabolic effect of testosterone in rats: interactions with gonadectomy, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy. Acta Endocrinol 1993;128:473-7.
    • (1993) Acta Endocrinol , vol.128 , pp. 473-477
    • Woodward, C.J.1
  • 31
    • 0017722316 scopus 로고
    • Role of food intake in estradiol-induced body weight changes in female rats
    • Roy EJ, Wade GN. Role of food intake in estradiol-induced body weight changes in female rats. Horm Behav 1977;8:265-74.
    • (1977) Horm Behav , vol.8 , pp. 265-274
    • Roy, E.J.1    Wade, G.N.2
  • 32
    • 0024359327 scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of behavioral treatment for obesity: Patterns of weight regain among men and women
    • Kramer FM, Jeffery RW, Forster JL, Snell MK. Long-term follow-up of behavioral treatment for obesity: patterns of weight regain among men and women. Int J Obes 1989;13:123-36.
    • (1989) Int J Obes , vol.13 , pp. 123-136
    • Kramer, F.M.1    Jeffery, R.W.2    Forster, J.L.3    Snell, M.K.4
  • 34
    • 0028297731 scopus 로고
    • Appetite and the regulation of body composition
    • Weigle DS. Appetite and the regulation of body composition. FASEB J 1994;8:302-10.
    • (1994) FASEB J , vol.8 , pp. 302-310
    • Weigle, D.S.1
  • 35
    • 84958689411 scopus 로고
    • The role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat
    • Kennedy GC. The role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat. Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci 1953;140: 579.
    • (1953) Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci , vol.140 , pp. 579
    • Kennedy, G.C.1
  • 36
    • 0021475117 scopus 로고
    • Specific depletion of body fat in parabiotic partners of tube-fed obese rats
    • Harris RB, Martin RJ. Specific depletion of body fat in parabiotic partners of tube-fed obese rats. Am J Physiol 1984;247:R380-6.
    • (1984) Am J Physiol , vol.247
    • Harris, R.B.1    Martin, R.J.2
  • 37
    • 70449255388 scopus 로고
    • The effects of lesions in the hypothalamus in parabiotic rats
    • Hervey GR. The effects of lesions in the hypothalamus in parabiotic rats. J Physiol 1959;145:336-52.
    • (1959) J Physiol , vol.145 , pp. 336-352
    • Hervey, G.R.1
  • 38
  • 39
    • 0015792424 scopus 로고
    • Effects of parabiosis of obese with diabetes and normal mice
    • Coleman DL. Effects of parabiosis of obese with diabetes and normal mice. Diabetologia 1973;9:294-8.
    • (1973) Diabetologia , vol.9 , pp. 294-298
    • Coleman, D.L.1
  • 41
    • 0032489223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdifferentiation of rat hepatic stellate cells results in leptin expression
    • Potter JJ, Womack L, Mezey E, Anania FA. Transdifferentiation of rat hepatic stellate cells results in leptin expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998;244:178-82.
    • (1998) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.244 , pp. 178-182
    • Potter, J.J.1    Womack, L.2    Mezey, E.3    Anania, F.A.4
  • 42
    • 0030866843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: Leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans
    • Masuzaki H, Ogawa Y, Sagawa N, et al. Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans. Nat Med 1997;3:1029-33.
    • (1997) Nat Med , vol.3 , pp. 1029-1033
    • Masuzaki, H.1    Ogawa, Y.2    Sagawa, N.3
  • 43
    • 0032552112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stomach is a source of leptin
    • Bado A, Levasseur S, Attoub S, et al. The stomach is a source of leptin. Nature 1998;394:790-793.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.394 , pp. 790-793
    • Bado, A.1    Levasseur, S.2    Attoub, S.3
  • 44
    • 0029048408 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant mouse ob protein: Evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks
    • Campfield L, Smith F, Guisez Y, Devos R, Burn P. Recombinant mouse ob protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science 1995;269:546-549.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 546-549
    • Campfield, L.1    Smith, F.2    Guisez, Y.3    Devos, R.4    Burn, P.5
  • 45
    • 0029073613 scopus 로고
    • Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene
    • Halaas JL, Gajiwala KS, Maffei M, et al. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 1995; 269:543-6.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 543-546
    • Halaas, J.L.1    Gajiwala, K.S.2    Maffei, M.3
  • 46
    • 0029066265 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice
    • Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Baker MB, et al. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science 1995;269:540-3.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 540-543
    • Pelleymounter, M.A.1    Cullen, M.J.2    Baker, M.B.3
  • 47
    • 2442654859 scopus 로고
    • Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R
    • Tartaglia LA, Dembski M, Weng X, et al. Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R. Cell 1995;83: 1263-71.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 1263-1271
    • Tartaglia, L.A.1    Dembski, M.2    Weng, X.3
  • 48
    • 0030039272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice
    • Lee GH, Proenca R, Montez JM, et al. Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Nature 1996;379:632-5.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.379 , pp. 632-635
    • Lee, G.H.1    Proenca, R.2    Montez, J.M.3
  • 49
    • 0030639578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin, leptin receptors and the control of body weight
    • Friedman JM. Leptin, leptin receptors and the control of body weight. Eur J Med Res 1997;2:7-13.
    • (1997) Eur J Med Res , vol.2 , pp. 7-13
    • Friedman, J.M.1
  • 51
    • 0031017561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human blood-brain barrier leptin receptor. Binding and endocytosis in isolated human brain microvessels
    • Golden PL, Maccagnan TJ, Pardridge WM. Human blood-brain barrier leptin receptor. Binding and endocytosis in isolated human brain microvessels. J Clin Invest 1997;99:14-8.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 14-18
    • Golden, P.L.1    Maccagnan, T.J.2    Pardridge, W.M.3
  • 52
    • 0031577546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and quantification of the leptin receptor splice variants Ob-Ra, b, and, e in different mouse tissues
    • Lollmann B, Gruninger S, Stricker-Krongrad A, Chiesi M. Detection and quantification of the leptin receptor splice variants Ob-Ra, b, and, e in different mouse tissues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997;238:648-52.
    • (1997) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.238 , pp. 648-652
    • Lollmann, B.1    Gruninger, S.2    Stricker-Krongrad, A.3    Chiesi, M.4
  • 53
    • 0031436148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent signaling capacities of the long and short isoforms of the leptin receptor
    • Bjorbaek C, Uotani S, da Silva B, Flier JS. Divergent signaling capacities of the long and short isoforms of the leptin receptor. J Biol Chem 1997;272:32686-95.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 32686-32695
    • Bjorbaek, C.1    Uotani, S.2    Da Silva, B.3    Flier, J.S.4
  • 55
    • 0007524724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of free and bound leptin in human circulation. Studies in lean and obese subjects and during short-term fasting
    • Sinha MK, Opentanova I, Ohannesian JP, et al. Evidence of free and bound leptin in human circulation. Studies in lean and obese subjects and during short-term fasting. J Clin Invest 1996;98: 1277-82.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.98 , pp. 1277-1282
    • Sinha, M.K.1    Opentanova, I.2    Ohannesian, J.P.3
  • 56
    • 0030841741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and characterization of a putative high affinity human soluble leptin receptor
    • Liu C, Liu XJ, Barry G, Ling N, Maki RA, De Souza EB. Expression and characterization of a putative high affinity human soluble leptin receptor. Endocrinology 1997;138:3548-54.
    • (1997) Endocrinology , vol.138 , pp. 3548-3554
    • Liu, C.1    Liu, X.J.2    Barry, G.3    Ling, N.4    Maki, R.A.5    De Souza, E.B.6
  • 57
    • 0032540322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of soluble leptin receptor in plasma from dbPas/dbPas and other db/db mice
    • Li C, Ioffe E, Fidahusein N, Connolly E, Friedman JM. Absence of soluble leptin receptor in plasma from dbPas/dbPas and other db/db mice. J Biol Chem 1998;273:10078-82.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 10078-10082
    • Li, C.1    Ioffe, E.2    Fidahusein, N.3    Connolly, E.4    Friedman, J.M.5
  • 59
    • 0030028959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypes of mouse diabetes and rat fatty due to mutations in the OB (leptin) receptor
    • Chua SC, Jr., Chung WK, Wu-Peng XS, et al. Phenotypes of mouse diabetes and rat fatty due to mutations in the OB (leptin) receptor. Science 1996;271:994-6.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 994-996
    • Chua S.C., Jr.1    Chung, W.K.2    Wu-Peng, X.S.3
  • 60
    • 0029896530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting
    • Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C, et al. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature 1996;382:250-2.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 250-252
    • Ahima, R.S.1    Prabakaran, D.2    Mantzoros, C.3
  • 61
    • 0030455365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of leptin production in cultured mature white adipocytes
    • Hardie LJ, Guilhot N, Trayhurn P. Regulation of leptin production in cultured mature white adipocytes. Horm Metab Res 1996; 28:685-9.
    • (1996) Horm Metab Res , vol.28 , pp. 685-689
    • Hardie, L.J.1    Guilhot, N.2    Trayhurn, P.3
  • 62
    • 0029021599 scopus 로고
    • Induction of ob gene expression by corticosteroids is accompanied by body weight loss and reduced food intake
    • De Vos P, Saladin R, Auwerx J, Staels B. Induction of ob gene expression by corticosteroids is accompanied by body weight loss and reduced food intake. J Biol Chem 1995;270:15958-61.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 15958-15961
    • De Vos, P.1    Saladin, R.2    Auwerx, J.3    Staels, B.4
  • 64
    • 0029863684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin and cytokines induce expression of leptin, the ob gene product, in hamsters
    • Grunfeld C, Zhao C, Fuller J, et al. Endotoxin and cytokines induce expression of leptin, the ob gene product, in hamsters. J Clin Invest 1996;97:2152-7.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 2152-2157
    • Grunfeld, C.1    Zhao, C.2    Fuller, J.3
  • 65
    • 0031454125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha contribute to obesity-related hyperleptinemia by regulating leptin release from adipocytes
    • Kirchgessner TG, Uysal KT, Wiesbrock SM, Marino MW, Hotamisligil GS. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha contribute to obesity-related hyperleptinemia by regulating leptin release from adipocytes. J Clin Invest 1997;100:2777-82.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 2777-2782
    • Kirchgessner, T.G.1    Uysal, K.T.2    Wiesbrock, S.M.3    Marino, M.W.4    Hotamisligil, G.S.5
  • 66
    • 0028821861 scopus 로고
    • The ob gene and insulin. A relationship leading to clues to the understanding of obesity
    • Cusin I, Sainsbury A, Doyle P, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Jeanrenaud B. the ob gene and insulin. A relationship leading to clues to the understanding of obesity. Diabetes 1995;44:1467-70.
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 1467-1470
    • Cusin, I.1    Sainsbury, A.2    Doyle, P.3    Rohner-Jeanrenaud, F.4    Jeanrenaud, B.5
  • 67
    • 0031954415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin
    • Saad MF, Khan A, Sharma A, et al. Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin. Diabetes 1998;47:544-9.
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 544-549
    • Saad, M.F.1    Khan, A.2    Sharma, A.3
  • 68
    • 0030040740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of ob gene mRNA levels in cultured adipocytes
    • 19986
    • Rentsch J, Chiesi M. Regulation of ob gene mRNA levels in cultured adipocytes. FEBS Lett 19986;379:55-9.
    • FEBS Lett , vol.379 , pp. 55-59
    • Rentsch, J.1    Chiesi, M.2
  • 71
    • 0029860791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of insulin activities by leptin
    • Cohen B, Novick D, Rubinstein M. Modulation of insulin activities by leptin. Science 1996;274:1185-8.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1185-1188
    • Cohen, B.1    Novick, D.2    Rubinstein, M.3
  • 72
    • 0040381066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin impairs metabolic actions of insulin in isolated rat adipocytes
    • Muller G, Ertl J, Gerl M, Preibisch G. Leptin impairs metabolic actions of insulin in isolated rat adipocytes. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:10585-93.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 10585-10593
    • Muller, G.1    Ertl, J.2    Gerl, M.3    Preibisch, G.4
  • 73
    • 0029953957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin is metabolic signal to the reproductive system
    • Barash IA, Cheung CC, Weigle DS, et al. Leptin is metabolic signal to the reproductive system. Endocrinology 1996;137: 3144-7.
    • (1996) Endocrinology , vol.137 , pp. 3144-3147
    • Barash, I.A.1    Cheung, C.C.2    Weigle, D.S.3
  • 77
    • 0344450708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mutation in the human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction
    • Clement K, Vaisse C, Lahlou N, et al. A mutation in the human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction. Nature 1998;392:398-401.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 398-401
    • Clement, K.1    Vaisse, C.2    Lahlou, N.3
  • 78
    • 0030007116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel B2219/OB receptor isoforms: Possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction
    • Cioffi JA, Shafer AW, Zupancic TJ, et al. Novel B2219/OB receptor isoforms: possible role of leptin in hematopoiesis and reproduction. Nat Med 1996;2:585-9.
    • (1996) Nat Med , vol.2 , pp. 585-589
    • Cioffi, J.A.1    Shafer, A.W.2    Zupancic, T.J.3
  • 79
    • 0031965266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin regulates proinflammatory immune responses
    • Loffreda S, Yang SQ, Lin HZ, et al. Leptin regulates proinflammatory immune responses. FASEB J 1998;12:57-65.
    • (1998) FASEB J , vol.12 , pp. 57-65
    • Loffreda, S.1    Yang, S.Q.2    Lin, H.Z.3
  • 80
    • 0032548825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and the hypothalamus: Novel peptides for new pathways
    • Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Obesity and the hypothalamus: novel peptides for new pathways. Cell 1998;92:437-40.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.92 , pp. 437-440
    • Flier, J.S.1    Maratos-Flier, E.2
  • 81
    • 0032577376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signals that regulate food intake and energy homeostasis
    • Woods SC, Seeley RJ, Porte D, Jr., Schwartz MW. Signals that regulate food intake and energy homeostasis. Science 1998;280: 1378-83.
    • (1998) Science , vol.280 , pp. 1378-1383
    • Woods, S.C.1    Seeley, R.J.2    Porte D., Jr.3    Schwartz, M.W.4
  • 83
    • 0029098589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product
    • 19995
    • Stephens TW, Basinski M, Bristow PK, et al. The role of neuropeptide Y in the antiobesity action of the obese gene product. Nature 19995;377:530-2.
    • Nature , vol.377 , pp. 530-532
    • Stephens, T.W.1    Basinski, M.2    Bristow, P.K.3
  • 84
    • 0026588548 scopus 로고
    • Intraventricular corticosterone increases the rate of body weight gain in underweight adrenalectomized rats
    • Green PK, Wilkinson CW, Woods SC. Intraventricular corticosterone increases the rate of body weight gain in underweight adrenalectomized rats. Endocrinology 1992;130:269-75.
    • (1992) Endocrinology , vol.130 , pp. 269-275
    • Green, P.K.1    Wilkinson, C.W.2    Woods, S.C.3
  • 85
    • 0028922052 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sustained physiological hyperinsulinaemia on hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and NPY mRNA levels in the rat
    • Cusin I, Dryden S, Wang Q. Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Jeanrenaud B, Williams G. Effect of sustained physiological hyperinsulinaemia on hypothalamic neuropeptide Y and NPY mRNA levels in the rat. J Neuroendocrinol 1995;7:193-7.
    • (1995) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.7 , pp. 193-197
    • Cusin, I.1    Dryden, S.2    Wang, Q.3    Rohner-Jeanrenaud, F.4    Jeanrenaud, B.5    Williams, G.6
  • 86
    • 0029804743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of the obesity syndrome of ob/ob mice by the loss of neuropeptide Y
    • Erickson JC, Hollopeter G, Palmiter RD. Attenuation of the obesity syndrome of ob/ob mice by the loss of neuropeptide Y. Science 1996;274:1704-7.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1704-1707
    • Erickson, J.C.1    Hollopeter, G.2    Palmiter, R.D.3
  • 87
    • 0032489093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orexins and orexin receptors: A family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior
    • Sakurai T, Amemiya A, Ishii M, et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell 1998;92: 573-85.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.92 , pp. 573-585
    • Sakurai, T.1    Amemiya, A.2    Ishii, M.3
  • 88
    • 13344279395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour
    • Qu D, Ludwig DS, Gammeltoft S, et al. A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour. Nature 1996;380:243-7.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 243-247
    • Qu, D.1    Ludwig, D.S.2    Gammeltoft, S.3
  • 89
    • 0033582606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down regulation of the prepro-orexin gene expression in genetically obese mice
    • Yamamoto Y, Ueta Y, Date Y, et al. Down regulation of the prepro-orexin gene expression in genetically obese mice. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1999;65:14-22.
    • (1999) Brain Res Mol Brain Res , vol.65 , pp. 14-22
    • Yamamoto, Y.1    Ueta, Y.2    Date, Y.3
  • 90
    • 0029946644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to leptin and susceptibility to seizures of mice lacking neuropeptide Y
    • Erickson JC, Clegg KE, Palmiter RD. Sensitivity to leptin and susceptibility to seizures of mice lacking neuropeptide Y. Nature 1996;381:415-21.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 415-421
    • Erickson, J.C.1    Clegg, K.E.2    Palmiter, R.D.3
  • 92
    • 1842339305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The melancortin 1, 3, 4 or 5 receptors do not have a binding epitope for ACTH beyond the sequence of alpha-MSH
    • Schioth HB, Muceniece R, Larsson M, Wikberg JE. The melancortin 1, 3, 4 or 5 receptors do not have a binding epitope for ACTH beyond the sequence of alpha-MSH. J Endocrinol 1997; 155:73-8.
    • (1997) J Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 73-78
    • Schioth, H.B.1    Muceniece, R.2    Larsson, M.3    Wikberg, J.E.4
  • 93
    • 0030775971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin increases hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA expression in the rostral arcuate nucleus
    • Schwartz MW, Seeley RJ, Woods SC, et al. Leptin increases hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA expression in the rostral arcuate nucleus. Diabetes 1997;46:2119-23.
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , pp. 2119-2123
    • Schwartz, M.W.1    Seeley, R.J.2    Woods, S.C.3
  • 94
    • 0030729210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin mRNA by leptin in ob/ob mice
    • Thornton JE, Cheung CC, Clifton DK, Steiner RA. Regulation of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin mRNA by leptin in ob/ob mice. Endocrinology 1997;138:5063-6.
    • (1997) Endocrinology , vol.138 , pp. 5063-5066
    • Thornton, J.E.1    Cheung, C.C.2    Clifton, D.K.3    Steiner, R.A.4
  • 95
    • 0030889192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice
    • Huszar D, Lynch CA, Fairchild-Huntress V, et al. Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice. Cell 1997;88:131-41.
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , pp. 131-141
    • Huszar, D.1    Lynch, C.A.2    Fairchild-Huntress, V.3
  • 96
    • 0343841209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The melanocortin receptors: Agonists, antagonists, and the hormonal control of pigmentation
    • Cone RD, Lu D, Koppula S, et al. The melanocortin receptors: agonists, antagonists, and the hormonal control of pigmentation. Recent Prog Horm Res 1996;98:1101-6.
    • (1996) Recent Prog Horm Res , vol.98 , pp. 1101-1106
    • Cone, R.D.1    Lu, D.2    Koppula, S.3
  • 97
    • 0030931678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interaction between leptin and cholecystokinin to reduce short-term food intake in lean mice
    • Barrachina MD, Martinez V, Wang L, Wei JY, Tache Y. Synergistic interaction between leptin and cholecystokinin to reduce short-term food intake in lean mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:10455-60.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 10455-10460
    • Barrachina, M.D.1    Martinez, V.2    Wang, L.3    Wei, J.Y.4    Tache, Y.5
  • 98
    • 0031470983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergy between leptin and cholecystokinin (CCK) to control daily caloric intake
    • Matson CA, Wiater MF, Kuijper JL, Weigle DS. Synergy between leptin and cholecystokinin (CCK) to control daily caloric intake. Peptides 1997;18:1275-8.
    • (1997) Peptides , vol.18 , pp. 1275-1278
    • Matson, C.A.1    Wiater, M.F.2    Kuijper, J.L.3    Weigle, D.S.4
  • 99
    • 0033545572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mahogany protein is a receptor involved in suppression of obesity
    • Nagle DL, McGrail SH, Vitale J, et al. The mahogany protein is a receptor involved in suppression of obesity. Nature 1999;398: 148-152.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 148-152
    • Nagle, D.L.1    McGrail, S.H.2    Vitale, J.3
  • 100
    • 0033545681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mouse mahogany locus encodes a transmembrane form of human attractin
    • Gunn TM, Miller KA, He L, et al. The mouse mahogany locus encodes a transmembrane form of human attractin. Nature 1999; 398:152-156.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 152-156
    • Gunn, T.M.1    Miller, K.A.2    He, L.3
  • 101
    • 0026326384 scopus 로고
    • Obesity, a disorder of nutrient partitioning: The MONA LISA hypothesis
    • Bray GA. Obesity, a disorder of nutrient partitioning: the MONA LISA hypothesis. J Nutr 1991;121:1146-62.
    • (1991) J Nutr , vol.121 , pp. 1146-1162
    • Bray, G.A.1
  • 102
    • 85047677586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review 90: Leptin and clinical medicine: A new piece in the puzzle of obesity
    • Bray GA, York DA. Clinical review 90: Leptin and clinical medicine: a new piece in the puzzle of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:2771-6.
    • (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.82 , pp. 2771-2776
    • Bray, G.A.1    York, D.A.2
  • 103
    • 0022007439 scopus 로고
    • The characterization and energetic potential of brown adipose tissue in man
    • Cunningham S, Leslie P, Hopwood D, et al. The characterization and energetic potential of brown adipose tissue in man. Clin Sci (Colch) 1985;69:343-8.
    • (1985) Clin Sci (Colch) , vol.69 , pp. 343-348
    • Cunningham, S.1    Leslie, P.2    Hopwood, D.3
  • 104
    • 0030988140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncoupling protein-3: A new member of the mitochondrial carrier family with tissue-specific expression
    • Boss O, Samec S, Paoloni-Giacobino A, et al. Uncoupling protein-3: a new member of the mitochondrial carrier family with tissue-specific expression. FEBS Lett 1997;408:39-42.
    • (1997) FEBS Lett , vol.408 , pp. 39-42
    • Boss, O.1    Samec, S.2    Paoloni-Giacobino, A.3
  • 105
    • 0031019249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncoupling protein-2: A novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia
    • Fleury C, Neverova M, Collins S, et al. Uncoupling protein-2: a novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia. Nat Genet 1997;15:269-72.
    • (1997) Nat Genet , vol.15 , pp. 269-272
    • Fleury, C.1    Neverova, M.2    Collins, S.3
  • 106
    • 0030803678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human uncoupling protein-3 gene. Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and genetic basis for short and long form transcripts
    • Solanes G, Vidal-Puig A, Grujic D, Flier JS, Lowell BB. The human uncoupling protein-3 gene. Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and genetic basis for short and long form transcripts. J Biol Chem 1997;272:25433-6.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 25433-25436
    • Solanes, G.1    Vidal-Puig, A.2    Grujic, D.3    Flier, J.S.4    Lowell, B.B.5
  • 107
    • 0031748933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic central leptin infusion enhances insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and favors the expression of uncoupling proteins
    • Cusin I, Zakrezewska KE, Boss O, et al. Chronic central leptin infusion enhances insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and favors the expression of uncoupling proteins. Diabetes 1998;47: 1014-9.
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 1014-1019
    • Cusin, I.1    Zakrezewska, K.E.2    Boss, O.3
  • 108
    • 0030759687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin increases uncoupling protein expression and energy expenditure
    • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M, Pollock BH, Turner N. Leptin increases uncoupling protein expression and energy expenditure. Am J Physiol 1997;273:E226-30.
    • (1997) Am J Physiol , vol.273
    • Scarpace, P.J.1    Matheny, M.2    Pollock, B.H.3    Turner, N.4
  • 110
    • 0030987368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction by leptin of uncoupling protein-2 and enzymes of fatty acid oxidation
    • Zhou TY, Shimabukuro M, Koyama K, et al. Induction by leptin of uncoupling protein-2 and enzymes of fatty acid oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:6386-90.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 6386-6390
    • Zhou, T.Y.1    Shimabukuro, M.2    Koyama, K.3
  • 111
    • 0029665017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and chronic effect of insulin on leptin production in humans - Studies in vivo and in vitro
    • Kolaczynski JW, Nyce MR, Considine RV, et al. Acute and chronic effect of insulin on leptin production in humans - studies in vivo and in vitro. Diabetes 1996;45:699-701.
    • (1996) Diabetes , vol.45 , pp. 699-701
    • Kolaczynski, J.W.1    Nyce, M.R.2    Considine, R.V.3
  • 112
    • 0030911175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin induces rapid changes of plasma leptin in lean but not in genetically obese (fa/fa) rats
    • Pagano C, Englaro P, Granzotto M, et al. Insulin induces rapid changes of plasma leptin in lean but not in genetically obese (fa/fa) rats. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997;21:614-8.
    • (1997) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.21 , pp. 614-618
    • Pagano, C.1    Englaro, P.2    Granzotto, M.3
  • 113
    • 2642653233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin rapidly suppresses insulin release from insulinoma cells, rat and human islets and, in vivo, in mice
    • Kulkarni RN, Wang ZL, Wang RM, et al. Leptin rapidly suppresses insulin release from insulinoma cells, rat and human islets and, in vivo, in mice. J Clin Invest 1997;100:2729-36.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 2729-2736
    • Kulkarni, R.N.1    Wang, Z.L.2    Wang, R.M.3
  • 114
    • 0033044994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin suppression of insulin secretion and gene expression in human pancreatic islets: Implications for the development of adipogenic diabetes mellitus
    • Seufert J, Kieffer TJ, Leech CA, et al. Leptin suppression of insulin secretion and gene expression in human pancreatic islets: implications for the development of adipogenic diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:670-6.
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , pp. 670-676
    • Seufert, J.1    Kieffer, T.J.2    Leech, C.A.3
  • 115
    • 0030756346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-alpha function
    • Uysal KT, Wiesbrock SM, Marino MW, Hotasmisligil GS. Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-alpha function. Nature 1997;389:610-4.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , pp. 610-614
    • Uysal, K.T.1    Wiesbrock, S.M.2    Marino, M.W.3    Hotasmisligil, G.S.4
  • 116
    • 0030878110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans
    • Montague CT, Farooqi IS, Whitehead JP, et al. Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans. Nature 1997;387:903-8.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 903-908
    • Montague, C.T.1    Farooqi, I.S.2    Whitehead, J.P.3
  • 117
    • 0032014836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A leptin missense mutation associated with hypogonadism and morbid obesity
    • Strobel A, Issad T, Camoin L, Ozata M, Strosberg AD. A leptin missense mutation associated with hypogonadism and morbid obesity. Nat Genet 1998;18:213-5.
    • (1998) Nat Genet , vol.18 , pp. 213-215
    • Strobel, A.1    Issad, T.2    Camoin, L.3    Ozata, M.4    Strosberg, A.D.5
  • 118
    • 0029893230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation screening and identification of a sequence variation in the human ob gene coding region
    • Considine RV, Considine EL, Williams CJ, et al. Mutation screening and identification of a sequence variation in the human ob gene coding region. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996;220: 735-9.
    • (1996) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.220 , pp. 735-739
    • Considine, R.V.1    Considine, E.L.2    Williams, C.J.3
  • 119
    • 13344295079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans
    • Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, et al. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med 1996;334:292-5.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 292-295
    • Considine, R.V.1    Sinha, M.K.2    Heiman, M.L.3
  • 120
    • 0029881125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid leptin levels: Relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans
    • Schwartz MW, Peskind E, Raskind M, Boyko EJ, Porte D, Jr. Cerebrospinal fluid leptin levels: relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans. Nat Med 1996;2:589-93.
    • (1996) Nat Med , vol.2 , pp. 589-593
    • Schwartz, M.W.1    Peskind, E.2    Raskind, M.3    Boyko, E.J.4    Porte D., Jr.5
  • 121
    • 0029737861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically lean mice result from targeted disruption of the RII beta subunit of protein kinase A
    • Cummings DE, Brandon EP, Planas JV, Motamed K, Idzerda RL, McKnight GS. Genetically lean mice result from targeted disruption of the RII beta subunit of protein kinase A Nature 1996;382: 622-6.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 622-626
    • Cummings, D.E.1    Brandon, E.P.2    Planas, J.V.3    Motamed, K.4    Idzerda, R.L.5    McKnight, G.S.6
  • 122
    • 0028841363 scopus 로고
    • Major gene with sex-specific effects influences fat mass in Mexican Americans
    • Comuzzie AG, Blangero J, Mahaney MC, et al. Major gene with sex-specific effects influences fat mass in Mexican Americans. Genet Epidemiol 1995;12:475-88.
    • (1995) Genet Epidemiol , vol.12 , pp. 475-488
    • Comuzzie, A.G.1    Blangero, J.2    Mahaney, M.C.3
  • 123
    • 0027489732 scopus 로고
    • Influence of genotype-dependent effects of covariates on the outcome of segregation analysis of the body mass index
    • Borecki IB, Bonney GE, Rice T, Bouchard C, Rao DC. Influence of genotype-dependent effects of covariates on the outcome of segregation analysis of the body mass index. Am J Hum Genet 1993;53:676-87.
    • (1993) Am J Hum Genet , vol.53 , pp. 676-687
    • Borecki, I.B.1    Bonney, G.E.2    Rice, T.3    Bouchard, C.4    Rao, D.C.5
  • 124
    • 0032577309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The search for human obesity genes
    • Comuzzie AG, Allison DB. The search for human obesity genes. Science 1998;280:1374-7.
    • (1998) Science , vol.280 , pp. 1374-1377
    • Comuzzie, A.G.1    Allison, D.B.2
  • 125
    • 0030867806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of human obesity: Research directions
    • Bray G, Bouchard C. Genetics of human obesity: research directions. FASEB J 1997;11:937-45.
    • (1997) FASEB J , vol.11 , pp. 937-945
    • Bray, G.1    Bouchard, C.2
  • 126
    • 0029688887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of the human obesity gene map
    • Bouchard C, Perusse L. Current status of the human obesity gene map. Obes Res 1996;4:81-90.
    • (1996) Obes Res , vol.4 , pp. 81-90
    • Bouchard, C.1    Perusse, L.2
  • 127
    • 0030928160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of human obesity: Recent results from linkage studies
    • Bouchard C. Genetics of human obesity: recent results from linkage studies. J Nutr 1997;127:1887S-1890S.
    • (1997) J Nutr , vol.127
    • Bouchard, C.1
  • 128
    • 19244362737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative variation in obesity-related traits and insulin precursors linked to the OB gene region on human chromosome 7
    • Duggirala R, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, et al. Quantitative variation in obesity-related traits and insulin precursors linked to the OB gene region on human chromosome 7. Am J Hum Genet 1996; 59:694-703.
    • (1996) Am J Hum Genet , vol.59 , pp. 694-703
    • Duggirala, R.1    Stern, M.P.2    Mitchell, B.D.3
  • 129
    • 0030729552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage between markers in the vicinity of the uncoupling protein 2 gene and resting metabolic rate in humans
    • Bouchard C, Perusse L, Chagnon YC, Warden C, Ricquier D. Linkage between markers in the vicinity of the uncoupling protein 2 gene and resting metabolic rate in humans. Hum Mol Genet 1997;6:1887-9.
    • (1997) Hum Mol Genet , vol.6 , pp. 1887-1889
    • Bouchard, C.1    Perusse, L.2    Chagnon, Y.C.3    Warden, C.4    Ricquier, D.5
  • 130
    • 0032189782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity associated with a mutation in a genetic regulator of adipocyte differentiation
    • Ristow M, Muller-Wieland D, Pfeiffer A, Krone W, Kahn CR. Obesity associated with a mutation in a genetic regulator of adipocyte differentiation. N Engl J Med 1998;339.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , pp. 339
    • Ristow, M.1    Muller-Wieland, D.2    Pfeiffer, A.3    Krone, W.4    Kahn, C.R.5
  • 131
    • 0033010326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and functional analysis of novel human melanocortin-4 receptor variants
    • Gu W, Tu Z, Kleyn PW, et al. Identification and functional analysis of novel human melanocortin-4 receptor variants. Diabetes 1999;48:635-9.
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 635-639
    • Gu, W.1    Tu, Z.2    Kleyn, P.W.3
  • 132
    • 0031838353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans
    • Krude H, Biebermann H, Luck W, Horn R, Brabant G, Gruters A. Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nat Genet 1998;19:155-7.
    • (1998) Nat Genet , vol.19 , pp. 155-157
    • Krude, H.1    Biebermann, H.2    Luck, W.3    Horn, R.4    Brabant, G.5    Gruters, A.6
  • 133
    • 0031612168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human obesity gene map: The 1997 update
    • Chagnon YC, Perusse L, Bouchard C. The human obesity gene map: the 1997 update. Obes Res 1998;6:76-92.
    • (1998) Obes Res , vol.6 , pp. 76-92
    • Chagnon, Y.C.1    Perusse, L.2    Bouchard, C.3
  • 134
    • 0032004989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A paired sibling analysis of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor and obesity in Mexican Americans
    • Mitchell BD, Blangero J, Comuzzie AG, et al. A paired sibling analysis of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor and obesity in Mexican Americans. J Clin Invest 1998;101:584-7.
    • (1998) J Clin Invest , vol.101 , pp. 584-587
    • Mitchell, B.D.1    Blangero, J.2    Comuzzie, A.G.3
  • 135
    • 0028978913 scopus 로고
    • Association of a polymorphism in the beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene with feature of the insulin resistance syndrome in Finns
    • Widen E, Lehto M, Kanninen T, Walston J, Shuldiner AR, Groop LC. Association of a polymorphism in the beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene with feature of the insulin resistance syndrome in Finns. N Engl J Med 1995;333:348-51.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 348-351
    • Widen, E.1    Lehto, M.2    Kanninen, T.3    Walston, J.4    Shuldiner, A.R.5    Groop, L.C.6
  • 136
    • 0029748268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trp64Arg mutation in beta 3-adrenoceptor gene of doubtful significance for obesity and insulin resistance
    • Mauriege P, Bouchard C. Trp64Arg mutation in beta 3-adrenoceptor gene of doubtful significance for obesity and insulin resistance. Lancet 1996;348:698-9.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 698-699
    • Mauriege, P.1    Bouchard, C.2
  • 137
    • 0029658675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Trp64Arg mutation of the beta3 adrenergic receptor gene has no effect on obesity phenotypes in the Quebec family study and Swedish Obese subjects cohorts
    • Gagnon J, Mauriege P, Roy S, et al. The Trp64Arg mutation of the beta3 adrenergic receptor gene has no effect on obesity phenotypes in the Quebec Family Study and Swedish Obese Subjects cohorts. J Clin Invest 1996;98:2086-93.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.98 , pp. 2086-2093
    • Gagnon, J.1    Mauriege, P.2    Roy, S.3
  • 138
    • 0030876394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trp64Arg substitution in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor does not relate to body weight in healthy, premenopausal women
    • Moriarty M, Wing RR, Kuller LH, Ferrell RE. Trp64Arg substitution in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor does not relate to body weight in healthy, premenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997;21:826-9.
    • (1997) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.21 , pp. 826-829
    • Moriarty, M.1    Wing, R.R.2    Kuller, L.H.3    Ferrell, R.E.4
  • 139
    • 16944362008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomewide search for genes influence percent body fat in Pima Indians: Suggestive linkage at chromosome 11q21-q22. Pima diabetes gene group
    • Normal RA, Thompson DB, Fouroud T, et al. Genomewide search for genes influence percent body fat in Pima Indians: suggestive linkage at chromosome 11q21-q22. Pima Diabetes Gene Group. Am J Hum Genet 1997;60:166-73.
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.60 , pp. 166-173
    • Normal, R.A.1    Thompson, D.B.2    Fouroud, T.3
  • 140
    • 0027379038 scopus 로고
    • Obesity in Pima Indians: Large increases among post-World War Il birth cohorts
    • Price RA, Charles MA, Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC. Obesity in Pima Indians: large increases among post-World War Il birth cohorts. Am J Phys Anthropol 1993;92:473-9.
    • (1993) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.92 , pp. 473-479
    • Price, R.A.1    Charles, M.A.2    Pettitt, D.J.3    Knowler, W.C.4
  • 141
    • 0028791014 scopus 로고
    • Exercise in the treatment of childhood obesity
    • Epstein LH. Exercise in the treatment of childhood obesity. Int J Obes 1995;19:S117-121.
    • (1995) Int J Obes , vol.19
    • Epstein, L.H.1
  • 143
    • 0030916288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement and long-term health risks of child and adolescent fatness
    • Power C, Lake JK, Cole TJ. Measurement and long-term health risks of child and adolescent fatness. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997;21:507-26.
    • (1997) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.21 , pp. 507-526
    • Power, C.1    Lake, J.K.2    Cole, T.J.3
  • 145
    • 0028144688 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: Recommendations from an expert committee. The expert committee on clinical guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services
    • Himes JH, Dietz WH. Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: recommendations from an expert committee. The Expert Committee On Clinical Guidelines for Overweight in Adolescent Preventive Services. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:307-16.
    • (1994) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.59 , pp. 307-316
    • Himes, J.H.1    Dietz, W.H.2
  • 147
    • 0031917938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overweight in children and adolescents
    • Dietz WH, Robinson TN. Use of the body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overweight in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 1998;132:191-3.
    • (1998) J Pediatr , vol.132 , pp. 191-193
    • Dietz, W.H.1    Robinson, T.N.2
  • 148
    • 0025245861 scopus 로고
    • Ten-year follow-up of behavioral, family-based treatment for obese children
    • Epstein LH, Valoski A, Wing RR, McCurley J. Ten-year follow-up of behavioral, family-based treatment for obese children. JAMA 1990;264:2519-23.
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.264 , pp. 2519-2523
    • Epstein, L.H.1    Valoski, A.2    Wing, R.R.3    McCurley, J.4
  • 150
    • 0030227466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of a clinic-based hypocaloric dietary intervention implemented in a school setting for obese children
    • Figueroa-Colon R, Franklin FA, Lee JY, von Almen TK, Suskind RM. Feasibility of a clinic-based hypocaloric dietary intervention implemented in a school setting for obese children. Obes Res 1996;4:419-29.
    • (1996) Obes Res , vol.4 , pp. 419-429
    • Figueroa-Colon, R.1    Franklin, F.A.2    Lee, J.Y.3    Von Almen, T.K.4    Suskind, R.M.5
  • 151
    • 0030068188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The weight reduction operation of choice: Vertical banded gastroplasty or gastric bypass?
    • Capella JF, Capella RF. The weight reduction operation of choice: vertical banded gastroplasty or gastric bypass? Am J Surg 1996;171:74-9.
    • (1996) Am J Surg , vol.171 , pp. 74-79
    • Capella, J.F.1    Capella, R.F.2
  • 154
    • 0142203432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum immunoreactive leptin concentration and its relation to the body fat content in chronic renal failure
    • Heimburger O, Lonnqvist F, Danielsson A, Nordenstrom J, Stenvinnkel P. Serum immunoreactive leptin concentration and its relation to the body fat content in chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 1997;8:1423-30.
    • (1997) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.8 , pp. 1423-1430
    • Heimburger, O.1    Lonnqvist, F.2    Danielsson, A.3    Nordenstrom, J.4    Stenvinnkel, P.5
  • 155
    • 0030665972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased plasma leptin/fat ratio in patients with chronic renal failure: A cause of malnutrition?
    • Yong GA, Woodrow G, Kendall S, et al. Increased plasma leptin/fat ratio in patients with chronic renal failure: a cause of malnutrition? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997;12:2318-23.
    • (1997) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.12 , pp. 2318-2323
    • Yong, G.A.1    Woodrow, G.2    Kendall, S.3
  • 156
    • 17344384196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple cytokines and acute inflammation raise mouse leptin levels: Potential role in inflammatory anorexia
    • Sarraf P, Frederich RC, Turner EM, et al. Multiple cytokines and acute inflammation raise mouse leptin levels: potential role in inflammatory anorexia. J Exp Med 1997;185:171-5.
    • (1997) J Exp Med , vol.185 , pp. 171-175
    • Sarraf, P.1    Frederich, R.C.2    Turner, E.M.3
  • 158
    • 0026518215 scopus 로고
    • Tackling a weighty problem
    • Friedman JM, Leibel RL. Tackling a weighty problem. Cell 1992; 69:217-220.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 217-220
    • Friedman, J.M.1    Leibel, R.L.2
  • 161
    • 0030830035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prader-Willi and other syndromes associated with obesity and mental retardation
    • Gunay-Aygaun M, Cassidy SB, Nicholls RD. Prader-Willi and other syndromes associated with obesity and mental retardation. Behav Genet 1997;27:307-24.
    • (1997) Behav Genet , vol.27 , pp. 307-324
    • Gunay-Aygaun, M.1    Cassidy, S.B.2    Nicholls, R.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.