The Role of Serotonin in Cortical Development: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience

Volumn 21, Issue C, 2010, Pages 637-665

  Hohmann, Christine F ^a   Blue, Mary E ^b  

^a MORGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

autism spectrum disorder; BDNF; cerebral cortex; cytokines; development and plasticity; neuroinflammation; serotonin

Indexed keywords

EID: 84895247648     PISSN: 15697339     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1569-7339(10)70104-1     Document Type: Chapter

References (396)

1. R.K. Abramson H.H. Wright M.L. Cuccaro L.G. Lawrence S. Babb D. Pencarinha F. Marsteller E.C. Harris Biological liability in families with autism J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc Psychiatry 31 1992 370 371
2. J.E. Aldridge E.D. Levin F.J. Seidler T.A. Slotkin Developmental exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos leads to behavioral alterations in adulthood, involving serotonergic mechanisms and resembling animal models of depression Environ. Health Perspect. 113 2005 527 531
3. J.E. Aldridge A. Meyer F.J. Seidler T.A. Slotkin Alterations in central nervous system serotonergic and dopaminergic synaptic activity in adulthood after prenatal or neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure Environ. Health Perspect. 113 2005 1027 1031
4. J.E. Aldridge A. Meyer F.J. Seidler T.A. Slotkin Developmental exposure to terbutaline and chlorpyrifos: pharmacotherapy of preterm labor and an environmental neurotoxicant converge on serotonergic systems in neonatal rat brain regions Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 203 2005 132 144
5. R. Aloyz J.P. Fawcett D.R. Kaplan R.A. Murphy F.D. Miller Activity-dependent activation of TrkB neurotrophin receptors in the adult CNS Learn Mem. 6 1999 216 231
6. C. Altamura M.L. Dell'acqua R. Moessner D.L. Murphy K.P. Lesch A.M. Persico Altered neocortical cell density and layer thickness in serotonin transporter knockout mice: a quantitation study Cereb. Cortex 17 2007 1394 1401
7. C. Alvarez T. Vitalis E.A. Fon N. Hanoun M. Hamon I. Seif R. Edwards P. Gaspar O. Cases Effects of genetic depletion of monoamines on somatosensory cortical development Neuroscience 115 2002 753 764
8. B. Amirikian A.P. Georgopoulos Modular organization of directionally tuned cells in the motor cortex: is there a short-range order? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 2003 12474 12479
9. G. Anderson W. Horne D. Chatterjee D. Cohen The hyperserotonemia of autism Ann. NY. Acad. Sci. 660 1990 331
10. G.M. Anderson L. Gutknecht D.J. Cohen S. Brailly-Tabard J.H. Cohen P. Ferrari P.L. Roubertoux S. Tordjman Serotonin transporter promoter variants in autism: functional effects and relationship to platelet hyperserotonemia Mol. Psychiatry 7 2002 831 836
11. C. Andres Molecular genetics and animal models in autistic disorder Brain Res. Bull. 57 2002 109 119
12. R. Anwyl The role of the metabotropic receptor in synaptic plasticity Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 12 1991 324 326
13. A.V. Araya X. Orellana J. Espinoza Evaluation of the effect of caloric restriction on serum BDNF in overweight and obese subjects: preliminary evidences Endocrine 33 3 2008 300 304
14. T.L. Arndt C.J. Stodgell P.M. Rodier The teratology of autism Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 189 199
15. P. Ashwood S. Wills J. Van de Water The immune response in autism: a new frontier for autism research J. Leukoc. Biol. 80 2006 1 15
16. E. Aylward N. Minshew K. Field B. Sparks N. Singh Effects of age on brain volume and head circumference in autism Neurology 59 2002 175 183
17. A. Bailey P. Luthert A. Dean B. Harding I. Janota M. Montgomery M. Rutter P. Lantos A clinico-pathological study of autism Brain 121 Pt 5 1998 889 905
18. A. Balkowiec D.M. Katz Activity-dependent release of endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor from primary sensory neurons detected by ELISA in situ. J Neurosci. 20 2000 7417 7423
19. O. Bar-Peled R. Gross-Isseroff H. Ben-Hur I. Hoskins Y. Groner A. Biegon Fetal human brain exhibits a prenatal peak in the density of serotonin 5-HT1A receptors; Neurosci Lett. 127 1991 173 176
20. S. Baron-Cohen Autism: research into causes and intervention Pediatr. Rehabil. 7 2004 73 78
21. A.D. Basterzi C. Aydemir C. Kisa S. Aksaray V. Tuzer K. Yazici E. Goka IL-6 levels decrease with SSRI treatment in patients with major depression Hum. Psychopharmacol. 20 2005 473 476
22. G.J. Basura A.I. Abbas H. O'Donohue J.M. Lauder B.L. Roth P.D. Walker P.B. Manis Ontogeny of serotonin and serotonin2A receptors in rat auditory cortex Hear Res. 244 2008 45 50
23. S. Bauer B.J. Kerr P.H. Patterson The neuropoietic cytokine family in development, plasticity, disease and injury Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8 2007 221 232
24. M.H. Baumann M.A. Ayestas R.B. Rothman Functional consequences of central serotonin depletion produced by repeated fenfluramine administration in rats J. Neurosci. 18 1998 9069 9077
25. M.F. Bear A synaptic basis for memory storage in the cerebral cortex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 1996 13453 13459
26. M.F. Bear A. Kleinschmidt Q.A. Gu W. Singer Disruption of experience-dependent synaptic modifications in striate cortex by infusion of an NMDA receptor antagonist J. Neurosci. 10 1990 909 925
27. S.C. Bello Autism and environmental influences: review and commentary Rev. Environ. Health 22 2007 139 156
28. M.K. Belmonte E.H. Cook Jr. G.M. Anderson J.L. Rubenstein W.T. Greenough A. Beckel-Mitchener E. Courchesne L.M. Boulanger S.B. Powell P.R. Levitt E.K. Perry Y.H. Jiang T.M. DeLorey E. Tierney Autism as a disorder of neural information processing: directions for research and targets for therapy Mol. Psychiatry 9 2004 646 663
29. F.M. Benes J.B. Taylor M.C. Cunningham Convergence and plasticity of monoaminergic systems in the medial prefrontal cortex during the postnatal period: implications for the development of psychopathology Cereb. Cortex 10 2000 1014 1027
30. C.A. Bennett-Clarke N.L. Chiaia R.S. Crissman R.W. Rhoades The source of the transient serotoninergic input to the developing visual and somatosensory cortices inrat Neuroscience 43 1991 163 183
31. C.A. Bennett-Clarke M.J. Leslie N.L. Chiaia R.W. Rhoades Serotonin 1B receptors in the developing somatosensory and visual cortices are located on thalamocortical axons Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 1993 153 157
32. C.A. Bennett-Clarke M.J. Leslie R.D. Lane R.W. Rhoades Effect of serotonin depletion on vibrissa-related patterns of thalamic afferents in the rat's somatosensory cortex; J Neurosci. 14 1994 7594 7607
33. J. Berger-Sweeney C.F. Hohmann Behavioral consequences of abnormal cortical development: insights into developmental disabilities Behav. Brain Res. 86 1997 121 142
34. J. Berger-Sweeney M. Libbey J. Arters M. Junagadhwalla C.F. Hohmann Neonatal monoaminergic depletion in mice (Mus musculus) improves performance of a novel odor discrimination task Behav. Neurosci. 112 1998 1318 1326
35. M. Bernardet W.E. Crusio Fmr1 KO mice as a possible model of autistic features ScientificWorld J. 6 2006 1164 1176
36. T.C. Bethea L. Sikich Early pharmacological treatment of autism: a rationale for developmental treatment Biol. Psychiatry 61 2007 521 537
37. C. Blakemore D.E. Mitchell Environmental modification of the visual cortex and the neural basis of learning and memory Nature 241 1973 467 468
38. C.M. Blatteis Neuromodulative actions of cytokines Yale J. Biol. Med. 63 1990 133 146
39. M.E. Blue M.E. Molliver Serotonin influences barrel formation in developing somatosensory cortex of the rat Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 15 1989 1214
40. M.E. Blue R.S. Erzurumlu S. Jhaveri A comparison of pattern formation by thalamocortical and serotonergic afferents in the rat barrel field cortex Cereb. Cortex 1 1991 380 389
41. M.E. Blue M. Johnston C. Moloney C.F. Hohmann Serotonin dysfunction in autism A.W. Zimmerman Autism: Current Theories and Evidence 2008 Humana Press TotowaNJ 111 132
42. N. Boddaert M. Zilbovicius Functional neuroimaging and childhood autism Pediatr. Radiol. 32 2002 1 7
43. M. Bonati A. Clavenna The epidemiology of psychotropic drug use in children and adolescents Intl. Rev. Psychiatry 17 2005 181 188
44. C.B. Boylan C.A. Bennett-Clarke N.L. Chiaia R.W. Rhoades Time course of expression and function of the serotonin transporter in the neonatal rat's primary somatosensory cortex Somatosens Mot. Res. 17 2000 52 60
45. C.B. Boylan C.A. Bennett-Clarke R.S. Crissman R.D. Mooney R.W. Rhoades Clorgyline treatment elevates cortical serotonin and temporarily disrupts the vibrissae-related pattern in rat somatosensory cortex J. Comp. Neurol. 427 2000 139 149
46. C.B. Boylan K.L. Kesterson C.A. Bennett-Clarke N.L. Chiaia R.W. Rhoades Neither peripheral nerve input nor cortical NMDA receptor activity are necessary for recovery of a disrupted barrel pattern in rat somatosensory cortex Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 129 2001 95 106
47. C.B. Boylan M.E. Blue C.F. Hohmann Modeling early cortical serotonergic deficits in autism Behav. Brain Res. 176 2007 94 108
48. I. Branchi N. Francia E. Alleva Epigenetic control of neurobehavioural plasticity: the role of neurotrophins Behav. Pharmacol. 15 2004 353 362
49. C.W. Brune S.J. Kim J. Salt B.L. Leventhal C. Lord E.H. Cook Jr. 5-HTTLPR genotype-specific phenotype in children and adolescents with autism Am. J. Psychiatry 163 2006 2148 2156
50. G. Bruning O. Liangos Transient expression of the serotonin transporter in the developing mouse thalamocortical system Acta Histochem. 99 1997 117 121
51. J.K. Buitelaar S.H. Willemsen-Swinkels Autism: current theories regarding its pathogenesis and implications for rational pharmacotherapy Paediatr. Drugs 2 2000 67 81
52. N.K. Burgess T.L. Sweeten W.M. McMahon R.S. Fujinami Hyperserotoninemia and altered immunity in autism J. Autism Dev. Disord. 36 2006 697 704
53. D.P. Buxhoeveden M.F. Casanova The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience Brain 125 2002 935 951
54. D.P. Buxhoeveden K. Semendeferi J. Buckwalter N. Schenker R. Switzer E. Courchesne Reduced minicolumns in the frontal cortex of patients with autism Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 32 2006 483 491
55. I. Bystron C. Blakemore P. Rakic Development of the human cerebral cortex: boulder committee revisited Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9 2008 110 122
56. L. Capuron A.H. Miller Cytokines and psychopathology: lessons from interferon-alpha Biol. Psychiatry 56 2004 819 824
57. R.A. Carper E. Courchesne Localized enlargement of the frontal cortex in early autism Biol. Psychiatry 57 2005 126 133
58. G.A. Carrasco L.D. Van de Kar Neuroendocrine pharmacology of stress Eur. J. Pharmacol. 463 2003 235 272
59. M.F. Casanova D.P. Buxhoeveden A.E. Switala E. Roy Minicolumnar pathology in autism Neurology 58 2002 428 432
60. O. Cases T. Vitalis I. Seif E. De Maeyer C. Sotelo P. Gaspar Lack of barrels in the somatosensory cortex of monoamine oxidase A-deficient mice: role of a serotonin excess during the critical period Neuron 16 1996 297 307
61. M.V. Catania S. D'Antoni C.M. Bonaccorso E. Aronica M.F. Bear F. Nicoletti Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: a role in neurodevelopmental disorders? Mol. Neurobiol. 35 2007 298 307
62. 2A agonist treatment on brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in female rats Biol. Psychiatry 54 2003 59 69
63. A. Cellerino L. Maffei The action of neurotrophins in the development and plasticity of the visual cortex Prog. Neurobiol. 49 1996 53 71
64. S.R. Chandana M.E. Behen C. Juhasz O. Muzik R.D. Rothermel T.J. Mangner P.K. Chakraborty H.T. Chugani D.C. Chugani Significance of abnormalities in developmental trajectory and asymmetry of cortical serotonin synthesis in autism Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 171 182
65. L.W. Chang Developmental Toxicology of Methylmercury 1984 Elsevier Science Publishers Amsterdam
66. M.A. Cheh J.H. Millonig L.M. Roselli X. Ming E. Jacobsen S. Kamdar G.C. Wagner En2 knockout mice display neurobehavioral and neurochemical alterations relevant to autism spectrum disorder Brain Res. 1116 2006 166 176
67. M.G. Chez T. Dowling P.B. Patel P. Khanna M. Kominsky Elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cerebrospinal fluid of autistic children Pediatr. Neurol. 36 2007 361 365
68. I.H. Cho H.J. Yoo M. Park Y.S. Lee S.A. Kim Family-based association study of 5-HTTLPR and the 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphisms with autism spectrum disorder in Korean trios Brain Res. 1139 2007 34 41
69. H.T. Chugani A critical period of brain development: studies of cerebral glucose utilization with PET Prev. Med. 27 1998 184 188
70. D.C. Chugani O. Muzik R. Rothermel M. Behen P. Chakraborty T. Mangner E.A. da Silva H.T. Chugani Altered serotonin synthesis in the dentatothalamocortical pathway in autistic boys Ann. Neurol. 42 1997 666 669
71. D.C. Chugani O. Muzik M. Behen R. Rothermel J.J. Janisse J. Lee H.T. Chugani Developmental changes in brain serotonin synthesis capacity in autistic and nonautistic children Ann. Neurol. 45 1999 287 295
72. I. Cloez-Tayarani J.P. Changeux Nicotine and serotonin in immune regulation and inflammatory processes: a perspective J. Leukoc Biol. 81 2007 599 606
73. H.H. Cohly A. Panja Immunological findings in autism Intl. Rev. Neurobiol. 71 2005 317 341
74. M. Conciatori C.J. Stodgell S.L. Hyman M. O'Bara R. Militerni C. Bravaccio S. Trillo F. Montecchi C. Schneider R. Melmed M. Elia L. Crawford S.J. Spence L. Muscarella V. Guarnieri L. D'Agruma A. Quattrone L. Zelante D. Rabinowitz T. Pascucci S. Puglisi-Allegra K.L. Reichelt P.M. Rodier A.M. Persico Association between the HOXA1 A218G polymorphism and increased head circumference in patients with autism Biol. Psychiatry 55 2004 413 419
75. S. Connell C. Karikari C.F. Hohmann Sex – specific development of cortical monoamine levels in mouse Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 151 2004 187 191
76. A.M. Connolly M. Chez E.M. Streif R.M. Keeling P.T. Golumbek J.M. Kwon J.J. Riviello R.G. Robinson R.J. Neuman R.M. Deuel Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and autoantibodies to neural antigens in sera of children with autistic spectrum disorders, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, and epilepsy Biol. Psychiatry 59 2006 354 363
77. J. Conroy E. Meally G. Kearney M. Fitzgerald M. Gill L. Gallagher Serotonin transporter gene and autism: a haplotype analysis in an Irish autistic population Mol. Psychiatry 9 2004 587 593
78. M. Constantine-Paton M.I. Law The development of maps and stripes in the brain Sci. Am. 247 1982 62 70
79. E.H. Cook Autism: review of neurochemical investigation Synapse 6 1990 292 308
80. E.H. Cook Jr. Genetics of autism Child Adolesc Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am. 10 2001 333 350
81. E.H. Cook Jr. R. Courchesne C. Lord N.J. Cox S. Yan A. Lincoln R. Haas E. Courchesne B.L. Leventhal Evidence of linkage between the serotonin transporter and autistic disorder Mol. Psychiatry 2 1997 247 250
82. J. Correale A. Villa The neuroprotective role of inflammation in nervous system injuries J. Neurol. 251 2004 1304 1316
83. F. Cote C. Fligny E. Bayard J.M. Launay M.D. Gershon J. Mallet G. Vodjdani Maternal serotonin is crucial for murine embryonic development Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 2007 329 334
84. E. Courchesne Brainstem, cerebellar and limbic neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 7 1997 269 278
85. E. Courchesne Abnormal early brain development in autism Mol. Psychiatry 7 Suppl. 2 2002 S21 S23
86. E. Courchesne Brain development in autism: early overgrowth followed by premature arrest of growth Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 10 2004 106 111
87. E. Courchesne K. Pierce Brain overgrowth in autism during a critical time in development: implications for frontal pyramidal neuron and interneuron development and connectivity Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 153 170
88. E. Courchesne G.A. Press R. Yeung-Courchesne Parietal lobe abnormalities detected with MR in patients with infantile autism AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 160 1993 387 393
89. E. Courchesne C.M. Karns H.R. Davis R. Ziccardi R.A. Carper Z.D. Tigue H.J. Chisum P. Moses K. Pierce C. Lord A.J. Lincoln S. Pizzo L. Schreibman R.H. Haas N.A. Akshoomoff R.Y. Courchesne Unusual brain growth patterns in early life in patients with autistic disorder: an MRI study Neurology 57 2001 245 254
90. E. Courchesne E. Redcay D.P. Kennedy The autistic brain: birth through adulthood; Curr Opin. Neurol. 17 2004 489 496
91. E. Courchesne E. Redcay J.T. Morgan D.P. Kennedy Autism at the beginning: microstructural and growth abnormalities underlying the cognitive and behavioral phenotype of autism Dev. Psychopathol. 17 2005 577 597
92. E. Courchesne K. Pierce C.M. Schumann E. Redcay J.A. Buckwalter D.P. Kennedy J. Morgan Mapping early brain development in autism Neuron 56 2007 399 413
93. A.M. Coutinho G. Oliveira T. Morgadinho C. Fesel T.R. Macedo C. Bento C. Marques A. Ataide T. Miguel L. Borges A.M. Vicente Variants of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) significantly contribute to hypers-erotonemia in autism Mol. Psychiatry 9 2004 264 271
94. J. Croonenberghs E. Bosmans D. Deboutte G. Kenis M. Maes Activation of the inflammatory response system in autism Neuropsychobiology 45 2002 1 6
95. L.K. Curran C.J. Newschaffer L.C. Lee S.O. Crawford M.V. Johnston A.W. Zimmerman Behaviors associated with fever in children with autism spectrum disorders Pediatrics 120 2007 e1386 e1392
96. R.J. D'Amato M.E. Blue B.L. Largent D.R. Lynch D.J. Ledbetter M.E. Molliver S.H. Snyder Ontogeny of the serotonergic projection to rat neocortex: transient expression of a dense innervation to primary sensory areas Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84 1987 4322 4326
97. M. D'Amelio I. Ricci R. Sacco X. Liu L. D'Agruma L.A. Muscarella V. Guarnieri R. Militerni C. Bravaccio M. Elia C. Schneider R. Melmed S. Trillo T. Pascucci S. Puglisi-Allegra K.L. Reichelt F. Macciardi J.J. Holden A.M. Persico Paraoxonase gene variants are associated with autism in North America, but not in Italy: possible regional specificity in gene-environment interactions Mol. Psychiatry 10 2005 1006 1016
98. N.W. Daw C.J. Beaver Developmental changes and ocular dominance plasticity in the visual cortex Keio J. Med. 50 2001 192 197
99. N.W. Daw P.S. Stein K. Fox The role of NMDA receptors in information processing Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 16 1993 207 222
100. L.C. Daws J.L. Munn M.F. Valdez T. Frosto-Burke J.G. Hensler Serotonin transporter function, but not expression, is dependent on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): in vivo studies in BDNF-deficient mice J. Neurochem. 101 2007 641 651
101. G. Dawson Early behavioral intervention, brain plasticity, and the prevention of autism spectrum disorder Dev. Psychopathol. 20 2008 775 803
102. G. Dawson S. Webb G.D. Schellenberg S. Dager S. Friedman E. Aylward T. Richards Defining the broader phenotype of autism: genetic, brain, and behavioral perspectives Dev. Psychopathol. 14 2002 581 611
103. G. Dawson L. Carver A.N. Meltzoff H. Panagiotides J. McPartland S.J. Webb Neural correlates of face and object recognition in young children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development Child Dev. 73 2002 700 717
104. M.K. DeMyer The nature of the neuropsychological disability in autistic children J. Autism Child Schizophr. 5 1975 109 128
105. B. Devlin E.H. Cook Jr. H. Coon G. Dawson E.L. Grigorenko W. McMahon N. Minshew D. Pauls M. Smith M.A. Spence P.M. Rodier C. Stodgell G.D. Schellenberg Autism and the serotonin transporter: the long and short of it Mol. Psychiatry 10 2005 1110 1116
106. E. DiCicco-Bloom C. Lord L. Zwaigenbaum E. Courchesne S.R. Dager C. Schmitz R.T. Schultz J. Crawley L.J. Young The developmental neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder J. Neurosci. 26 2006 6897 6906
107. S. Dieudonne Serotonergic neuromodulation in the cerebellar cortex: cellular, synaptic, and molecular basis Neuroscientist 7 2001 207 219
108. A. Dinopoulos I. Dori J.G. Parnavelas The serotonin innervation of the basal forebrain shows a transient phase during development Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 99 1997 38 52
109. W.K. Dong W.T. Greenough Plasticity of nonneuronal brain tissue: roles in developmental disorders Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 10 2004 85 90
110. A.E. Dooley I.S. Pappas J.G. Parnavelas Serotonin promotes the survival of cortical glutamatergic neurons in vitro. Exp. Neurol. 148 1997 205 214
111. I.E. Dori A. Dinopoulos J.G. Parnavelas The development of the synaptic organization of the serotonergic system differs in brain areas with different functions Exp. Neurol. 154 1998 113 125
112. A.J. Dunn Effects of cytokines and infections on brain neurochemistry Clin. Neurosci. Res. 6 2006 52 68
113. T. Durk E. Panther T. Muller S. Sorichter D. Ferrari C. Pizzirani F. Di Virgilio D. Myrtek J. Norgauer M. Idzko 5-Hydroxytryptamine modulates cytokine and chemokine production in LPS-primed human monocytes via stimulation of different 5-HTR subtypes Intl. Immunol. 17 2005 599 606
114. R.H. Dyck M.S. Cynader Autoradiographic localization of serotonin receptor subtypes in cat visual cortex: transient regional, laminar, and columnar distributions during postnatal development J. Neurosci. 13 1993 4316 4338
115. Y. Edagawa H. Saito K. Abe Endogenous serotonin contributes to a developmental decrease in long-term potentiation in the rat visual cortex J. Neurosci. 21 2001 1532 1537
116. R.S. Erzurumlu P.C. Kind Neural activity: sculptor of ‘barrels’ in the neocortex Trends Neurosci. 24 2001 589 595
117. T. Esaki M. Cook K. Shimoji D.L. Murphy L. Sokoloff A. Holmes Developmental disruption of serotonin transporter function impairs cerebral responses to whisker stimulation in mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 2005 5582 5587
118. O. Faroon D. Jones C. de Rosa Effects of poly-chlorinated biphenyls on the nervous system Toxicol. Ind. Health 16 2001 305 333
119. O.V. Favorov D.G. Kelly Minicolumnar organization within somatosensory cortical segregates: I. Development of afferent connections Cereb. Cortex 4 1994 408 427
120. L.T. Ferris J.S. Williams C.L. Shen The effect of acute exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and cognitive function Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 39 2007 728 734
121. K.F. Foley C. Pantano A. Ciolino G.M. Mawe IFN-{gamma} and TNF-{alpha} decrease serotonin transporter function and expression in Caco2 cells Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 292 2007 G779 G784
122. S.L. Foote J.H. Morrison Development of the noradrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic innervation of neocortex Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 21 1987 391 423
123. K. Fox N.W. Daw Do NMDA receptors have a critical function in visual cortical plasticity? Trends Neurosci. 16 1993 116 122
124. M. Fujimiya S. Hosoda K. Kitahama H. Kimura T. Maeda Early development of serotonin neuron in the rat brain as studied by immunohistochemistry combined with tryptophan administration Brain Dev. 8 1986 335 342
125. F. Fumagalli F. Bedogni J. Perez G. Racagni M.A. Riva Corticostriatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor dysregulation in adult rats following prenatal stress Eur. J. Neurosci. 20 2004 1348 1354
126. N.M. Gage B. Siegel M. Callen T.P. Roberts Cortical sound processing in children with autism disorder: an MEG investigation Neuroreport 14 2003 2047 2051
127. E. Garoflos T. Panagiotaropoulos S. Pondiki A. Stamatakis E. Philippidis F. Stylianopoulou Cellular mechanisms underlying the effects of an early experience on cognitive abilities and affective states Ann. Gen. Psychiatry 4 2005 8
128. E. Garoflos A. Stamatakis A. Mantelas H. Philippidis F. Stylianopoulou Cellular mechanisms underlying an effect of ‘early handling’ on pCREB and BDNF in the neonatal rat hippocampus Brain Res. 1052 2005 187 195
129. S. Gentile Serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced perinatal complications Paediatr. Drugs 9 2007 97 106
130. N. Gharani R. Benayed V. Mancuso L.M. Brzustowicz J.H. Millonig Association of the homeobox transcription factor, ENGRAILED 2, 3, with autism spectrum disorder Mol. Psychiatry 9 2004 474 484
131. C. Gillberg Neurodevelopmental processes and psychological functioning in autism Dev. Psychopathol. 11 1999 567 587
132. J.H. Gilmore L.F. Jarskog S. Vadlamudi Maternal infection regulates BDNF and NGF expression in fetal and neonatal brain and maternal-fetal unit of the rat J. Neuroimmunol. 138 2003 49 55
133. L.A. Glantz J.H. Gilmore R.M. Hamer J.A. Lieberman L.F. Jarskog Synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 in the human prefrontal cortex from mid-gestation into early adulthood Neuroscience 149 2007 582 591
134. P.S. Goldman W.J. Nauta Columnar distribution of cortico-cortical fibers in the frontal association, limbic, and motor cortex of the developing rhesus monkey Brain Res. 122 1977 393 413
135. P.S. Goldman-Rakic R.M. Brown Postnatal development of monoamine content and synthesis in the cerebral cortex of rhesus monkeys Brain Res. 256 1982 339 349
136. R.A. Gomes C. Hampton F. El-Sabeawy S.L. Sabo A.K. McAllister The dynamic distribution of TrkB receptors before, during, and after synapse formation between cortical neurons J. Neurosci. 26 2006 11487 11500
137. I. González-Burgos A.R. del Angel-Meza G. Barajas-López A. Feria-Velasco Tryptophan restriction causes long-term plastic changes in corticofrontal pyramidal neurons Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 14 1996 673 679
138. B. Gordon E.E. Allen P.Q. Trombley The role of norepinephrine in plasticity of visual cortex Prog. Neurobiol. 30 1988 171 191
139. M.H. Grider L.A. Mamounas W. Le H.D. Shine In situ expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor or neurotrophin-3 promotes sprouting of cortical serotonergic axons following a neurotoxic lesion J. Neurosci. Res. 82 2005 404 412
140. E.L. Grigorenko S.S. Han C.M. Yrigollen L. Leng Y. Mizue G.M. Anderson E.J. Mulder A. de Bildt R.B. Minderaa F.R. Volkmar J.T. Chang R. Bucala Macrophage migration inhibitory factor and autism spectrum disorders Pediatrics 122 2008 e438 e445
141. D. Grundy 5-HT system in the gut: roles in the regulation of visceral sensitivity and motor functions Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 12 Suppl 1 2008 63 67
142. M. Gruss K. Braun Alterations of amino acids and monoamine metabolism in male Fmr1 knockout mice: a putative animal model of the human Fragile X mental retardation syndrome Neural Plast. 8 2001 285 298
143. Q. Gu Neuromodulatory transmitter systems in the cortex and their role in cortical plasticity Neuroscience 111 2002 815 835
144. Q. Gu W. Singer Involvement of serotonin in developmental plasticity of kitten visual cortex Eur. J. Neurosci. 7 1995 1146 1153
145. Q. Gu B. Patel W. Singer The laminar distribution and postnatal development of serotonin- immunoreactive axons in the cat primary visual cortex Exp. Brain Res. 81 1990 257 266
146. Q.A. Gu M.F. Bear W. Singer Blockade of NMDA-receptors prevents ocularity changes in kitten visual cortex after reversed monocular deprivation Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 47 1989 281 288
147. S. Guhathakurta S. Ghosh S. Sinha A. Chatterjee S. Ahmed S.R. Chowdhury P.K. Gangopadhyay S. Ghosh M. Singh R. Usha Serotonin transporter promoter variants: analysis in Indian autistic and control population Brain Res. 1092 2006 28 35
148. J. Gunstad A. Benitez J. Smith E. Glickman M.B. Spitznagel T. Alexander J. Juvancic-Heltzel L. Murray Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with cognitive function in healthy older adults J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 21 2008 166 170
149. S. Gupta S. Aggarwal B. Rashanravan T. Lee Th1- and Th2-like cytokines in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in autism J. Neuroimmunol. 85 1998 106 109
150. M.B. Hansen A.B. Witte The role of serotonin in intestinal luminal sensing and secretion Acta Physiol. (Oxf.) 193 2008 311 323
151. S.R. Hansson E. Mezey B.J. Hoffman Serotonin transporter messenger RNA in the developing rat brain: early expression in serotonergic neurons and transient expression in non-serotonergic neurons Neuroscience 83 1998 1185 1201
152. M.S. Harbuz O. Marti S.L. Lightman D.S. Jessop Alteration of central serotonin modifies onset and severity of adjuvanT-induced arthritis in the rat Br. J. Rheumatol. 37 1998 1077 1083
153. M.S. Harper M.N. Wallace Changes in density of brainstem afferents in ferret primary auditory cortex (AI) during postnatal development J. Anat. 186 Pt 2 1995 373 382
154. K. Hashimoto Y. Iwata K. Nakamura M. Tsujii K.J. Tsuchiya Y. Sekine K. Suzuki Y. Minabe N. Takei M. Iyo N. Mori Reduced serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult male patients with autism Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 30 2006 1529 1531
155. T. Hashimoto M. Tayama M. Miyazaki N. Sakurama T. Yoshimoto K. Murakawa Y. Kuroda Reduced brainstem size in children with autism Brain Dev. 14 1992 94 97
156. S. Hayley M.O. Poulter Z. Merali H. Anisman The pathogenesis of clinical depression: stressor- and cytokine-induced alterations of neuroplasticity Neuroscience 135 2005 659 678
157. H.C. Hazlett M. Poe G. Gerig R.G. Smith J. Provenzale A. Ross J. Gilmore J. Piven Magnetic resonance imaging and head circumference study of brain size in autism: birth through age 2 years Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 62 2005 1366 1376
158. T. Hendricks N. Francis D. Fyodorov E.S. Deneris The ETS domain factor PeT-1 is an early and precise marker of central serotonin neurons and interacts with a conserved element in serotonergic genes J. Neurosci. 19 1999 10348 10356
159. T.J. Hendricks D.V. Fyodorov L.J. Wegman N.B. Lelutiu E.A. Pehek B. Yamamoto J. Silver E.J. Weeber J.D. Sweatt E.S. Deneris PeT-1 ETS gene plays a critical role in 5-HT neuron development and is required for normal anxiety-like and aggressive behavior Neuron 37 2003 233 247
160. M. Herbert M.P. Anderson An expanding spectrum of austism models A.W. Zimmerman Autism: Current Theories and Evidence 2008 Humana Press Totowa, NJ 429 464
161. M.R. Herbert D.A. Ziegler N. Makris P.A. Filipek T.L. Kemper J.J. Normandin H.A. Sanders D.N. Kennedy V.S. Caviness Jr. Localization of white matter volume increase in autism and developmental language disorder Ann. Neurol. 55 2004 530 540
162. M.R. Herbert J.P. Russo S. Yang J. Roohi M. Blaxill S.G. Kahler L. Cremer E. Hatchwell Autism and environmental genomics Neurotoxicology 27 2006 671 684
163. E. Herlenius H. Lagercrantz Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators during early human development Early Hum. Dev. 65 2001 21 37
164. L.R. Herrenkohl U. Ribary M. Schlumpf W. Lichtensteiger Maternal stress alters monoamine metabolites in fetal and neonatal rat brain Experientia 44 1988 457 459
165. C.F. Hohmann R. Hamon M.L. Batshaw J.T. Coyle Transient postnatal elevation of serotonin levels in mouse neocortex Brain Res. 471 1988 163 166
166. C.F. Hohmann C. Richardson E. Pitts J. Berger-Sweeney Neonatal 5,7-DHT lesions cause sex-specific changes in mouse cortical morphogenesis Neural Plast. 7 2000 213 232
167. C.F. Hohmann E.M. Walker C.B. Boylan M.E. Blue Neonatal serotonin depletion alters behavioral responses to spatial change and novelty Brain Res. 1139 2007 163 177
168. A. Holmes Genetic variation in cortico-amygdala serotonin function and risk for stress-related disease Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 32 2008 1293 1314
169. K. Horvath J.A. Perman Autistic disorder and gastrointestinal disease Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 14 2002 583 587
170. V.W. Hu B.C. Frank S. Heine N.H. Lee J. Quackenbush Gene expression profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines from monozygotic twins discordant in severity of autism reveals differential regulation of neurologically relevant genes BMC Genomics 7 2006 118
171. Z.J. Huang A. Kirkwood T. Pizzorusso V. Porciatti B. Morales M.F. Bear L. Maffei S. Tonegawa BDNF regulates the maturation of inhibition and the critical period of plasticity in mouse visual cortex Cell 98 1999 739 755
172. P.R. Huttenlocher Synaptic density in human frontal cortex – developmental changes and effects of aging Brain Res. 163 1979 195 205
173. P.R. Huttenlocher Synapse elimination and plasticity in developing human cerebral cortex Am. J. Ment Defic. 88 1984 488 496
174. P.R. Huttenlocher Morphometric study of human cerebral cortex development Neuropsychologia 28 1990 517 527
175. P.R. Huttenlocher A.S. Dabholkar Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex J. Comp. Neurol. 387 1997 167 178
176. P.R. Huttenlocher C. de Courten L.J. Garey H. Van der Loos Synaptogenesis in human visual cortex-evidence for synapse elimination during normal development Neurosci. Lett. 33 1982 247 252
177. M. Idzko E. Panther C. Stratz T. Muller H. Bayer G. Zissel T. Durk S. Sorichter F. Di Virgilio M. Geissler B. Fiebich Y. Herouy P. Elsner J. Norgauer D. Ferrari The serotoninergic receptors of human dendritic cells: identification and coupling to cytokine release; J Immunol. 172 2004 6011 6019
178. J.L. Ingram C.J. Stodgell S.L. Hyman D.A. Figlewicz L.R. Weitkamp P.M. Rodier Discovery of allelic variants of HOXA1 and HOXB1: genetic susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders Teratology 62 2000 393 405
179. T. Iwasato R.S. Erzurumlu P.T. Huerta D.F. Chen T. Sasaoka E. Ulupinar S. Tonegawa NMDA receptor-dependent refinement of somatotopic maps Neuron 19 1997 1201 1210
180. S. Jacobson J.Q. Trojanowski Prefrontal granular cortex of the rhesus monkey. I. Intrahemispheric cortical afferents Brain Res. 132 1977 209 233
181. S. Jamain K. Radyushkin K. Hammerschmidt S. Granon S. Boretius F. Varoqueaux N. Ramanantsoa J. Gallego A. Ronnenberg D. Winter J. Frahm J. Fischer T. Bourgeron H. Ehrenreich N. Brose Reduced social interaction and ultrasonic communication in a mouse model of monogenic heritable autism Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105 2008 1710 1715
182. S. Janusonis V. Gluncic P. Rakic Early serotonergic projections to Cajal-Retzius cells: relevance for cortical development J. Neurosci. 24 2004 1652 1659
183. S. Janusonis G.M. Anderson I. Shifrovich P. Rakic Ontogeny of brain and blood serotonin levels in 5-HT receptor knockout mice: potential relevance to the neurobiology of autism J. Neurochem. 99 2006 1019 1031
184. D. Jeanmonod F.L. Rice H. Van der Loos Mouse somatosensory cortex: alterations in the barrelfield following receptor injury at different early postnatal ages Neuroscience 6 1981 1503 1535
185. H. Johansen-Berg V. Walsh Cognitive neuroscience: early learning centres Curr. Biol. 11 2001 R613 R615
186. G. Jonsson T. Kasamatsu Maturation of monoamine neurotransmitters and receptors in cat occipital cortex during postnatal critical period Exp. Brain Res. 50 1983 449 458
187. H. Jyonouchi L. Geng A. Ruby C. Reddy B. Zimmerman-Bier Evaluation of an association between gastrointestinal symptoms and cytokine production against common dietary proteins in children with autism spectrum disorders J. Pediatr. 146 2005 605 610
188. H. Jyonouchi L. Geng A. Cushing-Ruby H. Quraishi Impact of innate immunity in a subset of children with autism spectrum disorders: a case control study J. Neuroinflammation 5 2008 52
189. D. Kahne A. Tudorica A. Borella L. Shapiro F. Johnstone W. Huang P.M. Whitaker-Azmitia Behavioral and magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies in the rat hyperserotonemic model of autism Physiol. Behav. 75 2002 403 410
190. N. Katoh F. Soga T. Nara R. Tamagawa-Mineoka M. Nin H. Kotani K. Masuda S. Kishimoto Effect of serotonin on the differentiation of human monocytes into dendritic cells Clin. Exp. Immunol. 146 2006 354 361
191. R. Katoh-Semba R. Wakako T. Komori H. Shigemi N. Miyazaki H. Ito T. Kumagai M. Tsuzuki K. Shigemi F. Yoshida A. Nakayama Age-related changes in BDNF protein levels in human serum: differences between autism cases and normal controls Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 25 2007 367 372
192. F. Keller A.M. Persico The neurobiological context of autism Mol. Neurobiol. 28 2003 1 22
193. T.L. Kemper M. Bauman Neuropathology of infantile autism J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 57 1998 645 652
194. M. Kerschensteiner E. Gallmeier L. Behrens V.V. Leal T. Misgeld W.E. Klinkert R. Kolbeck E. Hoppe R.L. Oropeza-Wekerle I. Bartke C. Stadelmann H. Lassmann H. Wekerle R. Hohlfeld Activated human T cells, B cells, and monocytes produce brain-derived neurotrophic factor in vitro and in inflammatory brain lesions: a neuroprotective role of inflammation? J. Exp. Med. 189 1999 865 870
195. M. Kerschensteiner C. Stadelmann G. Dechant H. Wekerle R. Hohlfeld Neurotrophic cross-talk between the nervous and immune systems: implications for neurological diseases Ann. Neurol. 53 2003 292 304
196. I.A. Khan P. Thomas Aroclor 1254 inhibits tryptophan hydroxylase activity in rat brain Arch. Toxicol. 78 2004 316 320
197. T. Kiba Relationships between the autonomic nervous system, humoral factors and immune functions in the intestine Digestion 74 2006 215 227
198. H.P. Killackey Development and plasticity of somato-sensory cortex Neurosci. Res. Program Bull. 20 1982 507 513
199. H.P. Killackey R. R.W. C.A. Bennett-Clarke The formation of a cortical somatotopic map Trends Neurosci. 18 1995 402 407
200. A. Kirkwood Serotonergic control of developmental plasticity Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97 2000 1951 1952
201. A. Kirkwood H.K. Lee M.F. Bear Co-regulation of long-term potentiation and experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in visual cortex by age and experience Nature 375 1995 328 331
202. T.A. Knaus A.M. Silver K.A. Lindgren N. Hadjikhani H. Tager-Flusberg fMRI activation during a language task in adolescents with ASD J. Intl. Neuropsychol. Soc. 14 2008 967 979
203. R.A. Koene M.E. Hasselmo An integrate-and-fire model of prefrontal cortex neuronal activity during performance of goal-directed decision making Cereb. Cortex 15 2005 1964 1981
204. S. Koishi K. Yamamoto H. Matsumoto S. Koishi Y. Enseki A. Oya A. Asakura Y. Aoki M. Atsumi T. Iga J. Inomata H. Inoko T. Sasaki E. Nanba N. Kato T. Ishii K. Yamazaki Serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism and autism: a family-based genetic association study in Japanese population Brain Dev. 28 2006 257 260
205. L. Kojic R.H. Dyck Q. Gu R.M. Douglas J. Matsubara M.S. Cynader Columnar distribution of serotonin-dependent plasticity within kitten striate cortex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 1841 1844
206. L. Kojic Q. Gu R.M. Douglas M.S. Cynader Laminar distribution of cholinergic- and serotonergic-depend-ent plasticity within kitten visual cortex Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 126 2001 157 162
207. E. Korvatska J. Van de Water T.F. Anders M.E. Gershwin Genetic and immunologic considerations in autism Neurobiol. Dis. 9 2002 107 125
208. I. Kostovic N. Jovanov-Milosevic The development of cerebral connections during the first 20-45 weeks' gestation Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med. 11 2006 415 422
209. I. Kostovic M. Judas Correlation between the sequential ingrowth of afferents and transient patterns of cortical lamination in preterm infants Anat. Rec. 267 2002 1 6
210. I. Krause X.S. He M.E. Gershwin Y. Shoenfeld Brief report: immune factors in autism: a critical review J. Autism Dev. Disord. 32 2002 337 345
211. B. Kuemerle F. Gulden N. Cherosky E. Williams K. Herrup The mouse Engrailed genes: a window into autism Behav. Brain Res. 176 2007 121 132
212. P.K. Kuhl S. Coffey-Corina D. Padden G. Dawson Links between social and linguistic processing of speech in preschool children with autism: behavioral and electrophysiological measures Dev. Sci. 8 2005 F1 F12
213. S.D. Kuipers C.R. Bramham Brain-derived neurotrophic factor mechanisms and function in adult synaptic plasticity: new insights and implications for therapy Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Devel. 9 2006 580 586
214. N.M. Kushnir-Sukhov A.M. Gilfillan J.W. Coleman J.M. Brown S. Bruening M. Toth D.D. Metcalfe 5-hydroxytryptamine induces mast cell adhesion and migration J. Immunol. 177 2006 6422 6432
215. K.S. Lam M.G. Aman L.E. Arnold Neurochemical correlates of autistic disorder: a review of the literature Res. Dev. Disabil. 27 2006 254 289
216. R. Landa Early communication development and intervention for children with autism Ment. Retard Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 13 2007 16 25
217. R.J. Landa Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in the first 3 years of life Nat. Clin. Pract. Neurol. 4 2008 138 147
218. R.J. Landa K.C. Holman E. Garrett-Mayer Social and communication development in toddlers with early and later diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 64 2007 853 864
219. J.M. Lauder P.Y. Sze H. Krebs Maternal influences on tryptophan hydroxylase activity in embryonic rat brain Dev. Neurosci. 4 1981 291 295
220. J.M. Lauder J.A. Wallace H. Krebs P. Petrusz K. McCarthy In vivo and in vitro development of serotonergic neurons Brain Res. Bull. 9 1982 605 625
221. A. Laurent J.M. Goaillard O. Cases C. Lebrand P. Gaspar N. Ropert Activity-dependent presynaptic effect of serotonin 1B receptors on the somatosensory thalamocortical transmission in neonatal mice J. Neurosci. 22 2002 886 900
222. A.A. Lavdas M.E. Blue J. Lincoln J.G. Parnavelas Serotonin promotes the differentiation of glutamate neurons in organotypic slice cultures of the developing cerebral cortex J. Neurosci. 17 1997 7872 7880
223. E.S. Lein A. Hohn C.J. Shatz Dynamic regulation of BDNF and NT-3 expression during visual system development J. Comp. Neurol. 420 2000 1 18
224. M. Levite Neurotransmitters activate T-cells and elicit crucial functions via neurotransmitter receptors Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 8 2008 460 471
225. J.G. Levitt R.E. Blanton S. Smalley P.M. Thompson D. Guthrie J.T. McCracken T. Sadoun L. Heinichen A.W. Toga Cortical sulcal maps in autism Cereb. Cortex 13 2003 728 735
226. Y. Li Sensory signal transduction in the vagal primary afferent neurons Curr. Med. Chem. 14 2007 2554 2563
227. J. Licinio I. Alvarado M.L. Wong Autoimmunity in autism Mol. Psychiatry 7 2002 329
228. H.G. Lidov M.E. Molliver Immunohistochemical study of the development of serotonergic neurons in the rat CNS Brain Res. Bull. 9 1982 559 604
229. M.S. Lidow P. Rakic Scheduling of monoaminergic neurotransmitter receptor expression in the primate neocortex during postnatal development Cereb. Cortex 2 1992 401 416
230. K. Lieb L. Biersack A. Waschbisch S. Orlikowski R.S. Akundi E. Candelario-Jalil M. Hull B.L. Fiebich Serotonin via 5-HT7 receptors activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase C epsilon resulting in interleukin-6 synthesis in human U373 MG astrocytoma cells J. Neurochem. 93 2005 549 559
231. V. Lieske C.A. Bennett-Clarke R.W. Rhoades Effects of serotonin on neurite outgrowth from thalamic neurons in vitro. Neuroscience 90 1999 967 974
232. W.I. Lipkin M. Hornig Microbiology and immunology of autism spectrum disorders Novartis Found Symp. 251 2003 129 143 discussion 144-128, 281-197
233. C. Lord E.H. Cook B.L. Leventhal D.G. Amaral Autism spectrum disorders Neuron 28 2000 355 363
234. B. Lotto L. Upton D.J. Price P. Gaspar Serotonin receptor activation enhances neurite outgrowth of thalamic neurones in rodents Neurosci. Lett. 269 1999 87 90
235. C.A. Lowry J.H. Hollis A. de Vries B. Pan L.R. Brunet J.R. Hunt J.F. Paton E. van Kampen D.M. Knight A.K. Evans G.A. Rook S.L. Lightman Identification of an immune-responsive mesolimbocortical serotonergic system: potential role in regulation of emotional behavior Neuroscience 146 2007 756 772
236. W.E. Lyons L.A. Mamounas G.A. Ricaurte V. Coppola S.W. Reid S.H. Bora C. Wihler V.E. Koliatsos L. Tessarollo Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-deficient mice develop aggressiveness and hyperphagia in conjunction with brain serotonergic abnormalities Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 1999 15239 15244
237. I. Makkonen R. Riikonen H. Kokki M.M. Airaksinen J.T. Kuikka Serotonin and dopamine transporter binding in children with autism determined by SPECT Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 50 2008 593 597
238. L.A. Mamounas M.E. Blue J.A. Siuciak C.A. Altar Brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes the survival and sprouting of serotonergic axons in rat brain J. Neurosci. 15 1995 7929 7939
239. S. Mansour-Robaey N. Mechawar F. Radja C. Beaulieu L. Descarries Quantified distribution of serotonin transporter and receptors during the postnatal development of the rat barrel field cortex Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 107 1998 159 163
240. J. Marcusson L. Oreland B. Winblad Effect of age on human brain serotonin (S-1) binding sites J. Neurochem. 43 1984 1699 1705
241. J.O. Marcusson D.G. Morgan B. Winblad C.E. Finch Serotonin-2 binding sites in human frontal cortex and hippocampus. Selective loss of S-2A sites with age. Brain Res. 311 1984 51 56
242. J.A. Marcusson K. Cederbrant L.G. Gunnarsson Serotonin production in lymphocytes and mercury intolerance Toxicol. In Vitro 14 2000 133 137
243. M. Marin-Padilla Prenatal and early postnatal ontogenesis of the human motor cortex: a golgi study. I. The sequential development of the cortical layers Brain Res. 23 1970 167 183
244. M. Marin-Padilla Dual origin of the mammalian neocortex and evolution of the cortical plate Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 152 1978 109 126
245. E. Mariussen F. Fonnum The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on the high affinity uptake of the neurotransmitters, dopamine, serotonin, glutamate and GABA, into rat brain synaptosomes Toxicology 159 2001 11 21
246. S. Marty P. Carroll A. Cellerino E. Castren V. Staiger H. Thoenen D. Lindholm Brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes the differentiation of various hippocampal nonpyramidal neurons, including Cajal-Retzius cells, in organotypic slice cultures J. Neurosci. 16 1996 675 687
247. K. Mathews J.W. Dalley C. Mathews T.H. Tsai T.W. Robbins Periodic maternal separation of neonatal rats produces region and gender specific effects on biogenic amine content in adult brain Synapse 40 2001 1 10
248. M. Matsumoto K. Higuchi H. Togashi H. Koseki T. Yamagichi M. Kanno M. Yoshioka early postnatal stress alters the 5-HTergic modulation to emotional stress at post-adolescent periods of rat Hippocampus 15 2005 775 781
249. M.P. Mattson S. Maudsley B. Martin BDNF and 5-HT: a dynamic duo in age-related neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders Trends Neurosci. 27 2004 589 594
250. J.F. Maya Vetencourt A. Sale A. Viegi L. Baroncelli R. De Pasquale O.F. O'Leary E. Castren L. Maffei The antidepressant fluoxetine restores plasticity in the adult visual cortex Science 320 2008 385 388
251. A.K. McAllister Neurotrophins and neuronal differentiation in the central nervous system Cell Mol. Life Sci. 58 2001 1054 1060
252. A.K. McAllister Neurotrophins and cortical development Results Probl. Cell Differ 39 2002 89 112
253. J.L. McCauley L.M. Olson M. Dowd T. Amin A. Steele R.D. Blakely S.E. Folstein J.L. Haines J.S. Sutcliffe Linkage and association analysis at the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) locus in a rigid-compulsive subset of autism Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 127 2004 104 112
254. I.M. McNamara A.W. Borella L.A. Bialowas P.M. Whitaker-Azmitia Further studies in the developmental hyperserotonemia model (DHS) of autism: social, behavioral and peptide changes Brain Res. 1189 2008 203 214
255. J.M. Meaney J. Diorio D. Francis S. Weaver J. Yau K. Chapman J.R. Seckl postnatal handling increases the expression of cAMP-inducible transcription factors in the rat hippocampus: the effects of thyroid hormones and serotonin J. Neurosci. 20 2000 3926 3935
256. G. Menard V. Turmel E.Y. Bissonnette Serotonin modulates the cytokine network in the lung: involvement of prostaglandin E2 Clin. Exp. Immunol. 150 2007 340 348
257. E.J. Meredith A. Chamba M.J. Holder N.M. Barnes J. Gordon Close encounters of the monoamine kind: immune cells betray their nervous disposition Immunology 115 2005 289 295
258. N.J. Minshew D.L. Williams The new neurobiology of autism: cortex, connectivity, and neuronal organization Arch. Neurol. 64 2007 945 950
259. M. Miyata M. Ito T. Sasajima H. Ohira R. Kasukawa Effect of a serotonin receptor antagonist on interleukin-6-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats Chest 119 2001 554 561
260. K. Miyazaki N. Narita R. Sakuta T. Miyahara H. Naruse N. Okado M. Narita Serum neurotrophin concentrations in autism and mental retardation: a pilot study Brain Dev. 26 2004 292 295
261. K. Miyazaki N. Narita M. Narita Maternal administration of thalidomide or valproic acid causes abnormal serotonergic neurons in the offspring: implication for pathogenesis of autism Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 287 297
262. C.A. Molloy A.L. Morrow J. Meinzen-Derr K. Schleifer K. Dienger P. Manning-Courtney M. Altaye M. Wills-Karp Elevated cytokine levels in children with autism spectrum disorder J. Neuroimmunol. 172 2006 198 205
263. L.E. Morrow J.L. McClellan J.J. Klir M.J. Kluger The CNS site of glucocorticoid negative feedback during LPS- and psychological stress-induced fevers Am. J. Physiol. 271 1996 R732 R737
264. D.C. Morse R.F. Seegal K.O. Borsch A. Brouwer Long-term alterations in regional brain serotonin metabolism following maternal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in the rat Neurotoxicology 17 1996 631 638
265. S.H. Mostofsky M.P. Burgess J.C. Gidley Larson Increased motor cortex white matter volume predicts motor impairment in autism Brain 130 2007 2117 2122
266. 1 receptors and innervation in the visual cortex of normal and dark-reared cats J. Comp. Neurol. 312 1991 223 230
267. S.S. Moy J.J. Nadler Advances in behavioral genetics: mouse models of autism Mol. Psychiatry 13 2008 4 26
268. S.S. Moy J.J. Nadler N.B. Young R.J. Nonneman A.W. Grossman D.L. Murphy A.J. D'Ercole J.N. Crawley T.R. Magnuson J.M. Lauder Social approach in genetically-engineered mouse lines relevant to autism Genes Brain Behav 8 2009 129 142
269. L. Mrzljak H.B. Uylings I. Kostovic C.G. van Eden Prenatal development of neurons in the human prefrontal cortex. II. A quantitative Golgi study J. Comp. Neurol. 316 1992 485 496
270. R. Muhle S.V. Trentacoste I. Rapin The genetics of autism Pediatrics 113 2004 e472 e486
271. R.A. Muller From loci to networks and back again: anomalies in the study of autism Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1145 2008 300 315
272. R.A. Muller N. Kleinhans N. Kemmotsu K. Pierce E. Courchesne Abnormal variability and distribution of functional maps in autism: an fMRI study of visuomotor learning Am. J. Psychiatry 160 2003 1847 1862
273. N.J. Murawski K.L. Brown M.E. Stanton Interstimulus interval (ISI) discrimination of the conditioned eyeblink response in a rodent model of autism Behav. Brain Res. 196 2009 297 303
274. C.L. Murcia F. Gulden K. Herrup A question of balance: a proposal for new mouse models of autism Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 265 275
275. 2A receptor binding and social communication in adults with Asperger's syndrome: an in vivo SPECT study Am. J. Psychiatry 163 2006 934 936
276. D.L. Murphy K.P. Lesch Targeting the murine serotonin transporter: insights into human neurobiology Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9 2008 85 96
277. D.L. Murphy G.R. Uhl A. Holmes R. Ren-Patterson F.S. Hall I. Sora S. Detera-Wadleigh K.P. Lesch Experimental gene interaction studies with SERT mutant mice as models for human polygenic and epistatic traits and disorders Genes Brain Behav. 2 2003 350 364
278. L.C. Murrin J.D. Sanders D.B. Bylund Comparison of the maturation of the adrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems in the brain: implications for differential drug effects on juveniles and adults Biochem. Pharmacol. 73 2007 1225 1236
279. O. Muzik J. Janisse J. Ager C. Shen D.C. Chugani H.T. Chugani A mathematical model for the analysis of cross-sectional brain glucose metabolism data in children Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 23 1999 589 600
280. C. Nassenstein A. Braun W.A. Nockher H. Renz Neurotrophin effects on eosinophils in allergic inflammation Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. 5 2005 204 211
281. P.G. Nelson T. Kuddo E.Y. Song J.M. Dambrosia S. Kohler G. Satyanarayana C. Vandunk J.K. Grether K.B. Nelson Selected neurotrophins, neuropeptides, and cytokines: developmental trajectory and concentrations in neonatal blood of children with autism or Down syndrome Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 24 2006 73 80
282. C.J. Newschaffer L.A. Croen J. Daniels E. Giarelli J.K. Grether S.E. Levy D.S. Mandell L.A. Miller J. Pinto-Martin The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders Annu. Rev. Public Health 28 2007 235 258
283. 2C serotonin receptors by fluoxetine (Prozac) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 2036 2040
284. I. Nishijima T. Yamagata C.M. Spencer E.J. Weeber O. Alekseyenko J.D. Sweatt M.Y. Momoi M. Ito D.L. Armstrong D.L. Nelson R. Paylor A. Bradley Secretin receptor-deficient mice exhibit impaired synaptic plasticity and social behavior Hum. Mol. Genet. 15 2006 3241 3250
285. K. Nishimura K. Nakamura A. Anitha K. Yamada M. Tsujii Y. Iwayama E. Hattori T. Toyota N. Takei T. Miyachi Y. Iwata K. Suzuki H. Matsuzaki M. Kawai Y. Sekine K. Tsuchiya G. Sugihara S. Suda Y. Ouchi T. Sugiyama T. Yoshikawa N. Mori Genetic analyses of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene in autism Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 356 2007 200 206
286. W.A. Nockher H. Renz Neurotrophins and asthma: novel insight into neuroimmune interaction J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117 2006 67 71
287. T. Ogawa M. Mikuni Y. Kuroda K. Muneoka K.J. Mori K. Takahashi Effects of the altered serotonergic signalling by neonatal treatment with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, ritanserin or clomipramine on the adrenocortical stress response and the glucocorticoid receptor binding in the hippocampus in adult rats J. Neural Transm. Gen. Sect. 96 1994 113 123
288. T. Oka K. Oka T. Hori Mechanisms and mediators of psychological stress-induced rise in core temperature Psychosom. Med. 63 2001 476 486
289. H.S. Ormsbee III J.D. Fondacaro Action of serotonin on the gastrointestinal tract Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 178 1985 333 338
290. M.C. Osterheld-Haas J.P. Hornung Laminar development of the mouse barrel cortex: effects of neurotoxins against monoamines Exp. Brain Res. 110 1996 183 195
291. J.A. Osterling G. Dawson J.A. Munson Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation Dev. Psychopathol. 14 2002 239 251
292. P. Oudar L. Caillard G. Fillion In vitro effect of organic and inorganic mercury on the serotonergic system Pharmacol. Toxicol. 65 1989 245 248
293. C.A. Pardo C.G. Eberhart The neurobiology of autism Brain Pathol. 17 2007 434 447
294. C.A. Pardo D.L. Vargas A.W. Zimmerman Immunity, neuroglia and neuroinflammation in autism Intl. Rev. Psychiatry 17 2005 485 495
295. R. Paylor B. Glaser A. Mupo P. Ataliotis C. Spencer A. Sobotka C. Sparks C.H. Choi J. Oghalai S. Curran K.C. Murphy S. Monks N. Williams M.C. O'Donovan M.J. Owen P.J. Scambler E. Lindsay Tbx1 haploinsufficiency is linked to behavioral disorders in mice and humans: implications for 22q11 deletion syndrome Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 2006 7729 7734
296. A.M. Persico A. Baldi M.L. Dell'Acqua R. Moessner D.L. Murphy K.P. Lesch F. Keller Reduced programmed cell death in brains of serotonin transporter knockout mice Neuroreport 14 2003 341 344
297. I.N. Pessah R.F. Seegal P.J. Lein J. LaSalle B.K. Yee J. Van De Water R.F. Berman Immunologic and neurodevelopmental susceptibilities of autism Neurotoxicology 29 2008 532 545
298. D.A. Peters Effects of maternal stress during different gestational periods on the serotonergic system in adult rat offspring Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 31 1988 839 843
299. K. Pierce R.A. Muller J. Ambrose G. Allen E. Courchesne Face processing occurs outside the fusiform ‘face area’ in autism: evidence from functional MRI Brain 124 2001 2059 2073
300. F. Polleux J.M. Lauder Towards a developmental neurobiology of autism Ment. Retard, Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev. 10 2004 303 317
301. D.J. Posey C.J. McDougle The pathophysiology and treatment of autism Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 3 2001 101 108
302. P. Rakic Defects of neuronal migration and the pathogenesis of cortical malformations Prog. Brain Res. 73 1988 15 37
303. I. Rapin Autistic children: diagnosis and clinical features Pediatrics 87 1991 751 760
304. M. Raulf W. Konig In vitro effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on human platelets Immunology 72 1991 287 291
305. J.P. Rauschecker Mechanisms of visual cortical plasticity: Hebb synapses, NMDA receptors and beyond Physiol. Rev. 71 1991 587 615
306. J.P. Rauschecker Mechanisms of visual plasticity: Hebb synapses, NMDA receptors, and beyond Physiol. Rev. 71 1991 587 615
307. A. Rebsam I. Seif P. Gaspar Refinement of thalamocortical arbors and emergence of barrel domains in the primary somatosensory cortex: a study of normal and monoamine oxidase a knockout mice J. Neurosci. 22 2002 8541 8552
308. A. Rebsam I. Seif P. Gaspar Dissociating barrel development and lesion-induced plasticity in the mouse somatosensory cortex J. Neurosci. 25 2005 706 710
309. E. Redcay E. Courchesne When is the brain enlarged in autism? A meta-analysis of all brain size reports Biol. Psychiatry 58 2005 1 9
310. S.N. Reid C. Romano Developmental and sensory-dependent changes of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors J. Comp. Neurol. 429 2001 270 276
311. A.G. Resnicov N.D. Nosenko Early postnatal changes in sexual dimorphism of catecholamine and indolamine content in the brain of prenatally stressed rats Neuroscience 70 1996 547 551
312. R.W. Rhoades C.A. Bennett-Clarke M.Y. Shi R.D. Mooney Effects of 5-HT on thalamocortical synaptic transmission in the developing rat J. Neurophysiol. 72 1994 2438 2450
313. R.W. Rhoades N.L. Chiaia R.D. Lane C.A. Bennett-Clarke Effect of activity blockade on changes in vibrissae-related patterns in the rat's primary somatosensory cortex induced by serotonin depletion J. Comp. Neurol. 402 1998 276 283
314. L. Ricceri N. Markina A. Valanzano S. Fortuna M.F. Cometa A. Meneguz G. Calamandrei Developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos alters reactivity to environmental and social cues in adolescent mice Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 191 2003 189 201
315. M. Roceri F. Cirulli C. Pessina P. Peretto G. Racagni M.A. Riva Postnatal repeated maternal deprivation produces age-dependent changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in selected rat brain regions Biol. Psychiatry 55 2004 708 714
316. M. Rocha M. Sur Rapid acquisition of dendritic spines by visual thalamic neurons after blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 1995 8026 8030
317. P.M. Rodier J.L. Ingram B. Tisdale S. Nelson J. Romano Embryological origin for autism: developmental anomalies of the cranial nerve motor nuclei J. Comp. Neurol. 370 1996 247 261
318. J.L. Rubenstein M.M. Merzenich Model of autism: increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems Genes Brain Behav. 2 2003 255 267
319. S. Russo I.P. Kema M.R. Fokkema J.C. Boon P.H. Willemse E.G. de Vries J.A. den Boer J. Korf Tryptophan as a link between psychopathology and somatic states Psychosom. Med. 65 2003 665 671
320. O. Saitoh E. Courchesne Magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain in autism Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 52 Suppl. 1998 S219 S222
321. K. Salimi L.A. Glantz R.M. Hamer T.T. German J.H. Gilmore L.F. Jarskog Regulation of complexin 1 and complexin 2 in the developing human prefrontal cortex Synapse 62 2008 273 282
322. N. Salinchon P. Gaspar A.L. Upton S. Picaud N. Hanoun M. Hamon E. DeMaeyer D.L. Murphy R. Mossner K.P. Lesch R. Hen L. Seif Excessive activation of serotonin (5-HT) 1B receptors disrupts the formation of sensory maps in monoamine oxidase and 5-HT transporter knockout mice J. Neurosci. 21 2001 884 896
323. T.E. Salt R.G. Hill Neurotransmitter candidates of somatosensory primary afferent fibres Neuroscience 10 1983 1083 1103
324. S.L. Santangelo K. Tsatsanis What is known about autism: genes, brain, and behavior Am. J. Pharmacogenomics 5 2005 71 92
325. Y. Sari Serotonin1B receptors: from protein to physiological function and behavior Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 28 2004 565 582
326. Y. Sari M.C. Miquel M.J. Brisorgueil G. Ruiz E. Doucet M. Hamon D. Verge Cellular and subcellular localization of 5-hydroxytryptamine1B receptors in the rat central nervous system: immunocytochemical, autoradiographic and lesion studies Neuroscience 88 1999 899 915
327. B.L. Schlaggar D.D. O'Leary Early development of the somatotopic map and barrel patterning in rat somatosensory cortex J. Comp. Neurol. 346 1994 80 96
328. B.L. Schlaggar K. Fox D.D. O'Leary Postsynaptic control of plasticity in developing somatosensory cortex Nature 364 1993 623 626
329. M.L. Schneider A.S. Clarke G.W. Kraemer E.C. Roughton G.R. Lubach S. Rimm-Kaufman D. Schmidt M. Ebert Prenatal stress aters brain amine levels in primates Dev. Psychopathol. 10 1998 427 440
330. T. Schneider R. Przewlocki Behavioral alterations in rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid: animal model of autism Neuropsychopharmacology 30 2005 80 89
331. K. Schrocksnadel B. Wirleitner C. Winkler D. Fuchs Monitoring tryptophan metabolism in chronic immune activation Clin. Chim. Acta 364 2006 82 90
332. K. Schroecksnadel C. Winkler C. Duftner B. Wirleitner M. Schirmer D. Fuchs Tryptophan degradation increases with stage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Clin. Rheumatol. 25 2006 334 337
333. O. Schulte-Herbruggen R. Hellweg S. Chourbaji S. Ridder C. Brandwein P. Gass H. Hortnagl Differential regulation of neurotrophins and serotonergic function in mice with genetically reduced glucocorticoid receptor expression Exp. Neurol. 204 2007 307 316
334. M.M. Scott C.J. Wylie J.K. Lerch R. Murphy K. Lobur S. Herlitze W. Jiang R.A. Conlon B.W. Strowbridge E.S. Deneris A genetic approach to access serotonin neurons for in vivo and in vitro studies Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 2005 16472 16477
335. J.R. Seckl M.J. Meaney Glucocorticoid programming Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1032 2004 63 84
336. R.F. Seegal K.O. Brosch B. Bush Regional alterations in serotonin metabolism induced by oral exposure of rats to polychlorinated biphenyls Neurotoxicology 7 1986 155 165
337. F.J. Serajee R. Nabi H. Zhong M. Huq Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism genes and autism J. Child Neurol. 19 2004 413 417
338. K.V. Shenoy J. Kaufman J.V. McGrann G.L. Shaw Learning by selection in the trion model of cortical organization Cereb. Cortex 3 1993 239 248
339. A.M. Sillito T.E. Salt J.A. Kemp Modulatory and inhibitory processes in the visual cortex Vision Res. 25 1985 375 381
340. W. Singer J.P. Rauschecker Central core control of developmental plasticity in the kitten visual cortex: II. Electrical activation of mesencephalic and diencephalic projections Exp. Brain Res. 47 1982 223 233
341. B. Siri M. Quoy B. Delord B. Cessac H. Berry Effects of Hebbian learning on the dynamics and structure of random networks with inhibitory and excitatory neurons J. Physiol. Paris 101 2007 136 148
342. T.A. Slotkin F.J. Seidler Prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure elicits presynaptic serotonergic and dopaminergic hyperactivity at adolescence: critical periods for regional and sex-selective effects Reprod. Toxicol. 23 2007 421 427
343. F. Soga N. Katoh T. Inoue S. Kishimoto Serotonin activates human monocytes and prevents apoptosis J. Invest. Dermatol. 127 2007 1947 1955
344. F. Sohrabji D.K. Lewis Estrogen-BDNF interactions: implications for neurodegenerative diseases Front. Neuroendocrinol. 27 2006 404 414
345. E.R. Sowell P.M. Thompson K.D. Tessner A.W. Toga Mapping continued brain growth and gray matter density reduction in dorsal frontal cortex: Inverse relationships during postadolescent brain maturation J. Neurosci. 21 2001 8819 8829
346. G. Spalletta P. Bossu A. Ciaramella P. Bria C. Caltagirone R.G. Robinson The etiology of poststroke depression: a review of the literature and a new hypothesis involving inflammatory cytokines Mol. Psychiatry 11 2006 984 991
347. B. Sparks S. Friedman D. Shaw E. Aylward D. Echelard A. Artru K. Maravilla J. Giedd J. Munson D. G D. SR Brain structural abnormalities in young children with autism spectrum disorder Neurology 59 2002 184 192
348. L. Stankovski C. Alvarez T. Ouimet T. Vitalis K.H. El-Hachimi D. Price E. Deneris P. Gaspar O. Cases Developmental cell death is enhanced in the cerebral cortex of mice lacking the brain vesicular monoamine transporter J. Neurosci. 27 2007 1315 1324
349. M.E. Stanton E. Peloso K.L. Brown P. Rodier Discrimination learning and reversal of the conditioned eye-blink reflex in a rodent model of autism Behav. Brain Res. 176 2007 133 140
350. P.E. Stokes A. Holtz Fluoxetine tenth anniversary update: the progress continues Clin. Ther. 19 1997 1135 1250
351. J.S. Sutcliffe R.J. Delahanty H.C. Prasad J.L. McCauley Q. Han L. Jiang C. Li S.E. Folstein R.D. Blakely Allelic heterogeneity at the serotonin transporter locus (SLC6A4) confers susceptibility to autism and rigid-compulsive behaviors Am. J. Hum. Genet. 77 2005 265 279
352. M.E. Szapacs T.A. Mathews L. Tessarollo W. Ernest Lyons L.A. Mamounas A.M. Andrews Exploring the relationship between serotonin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor: analysis of BDNF protein and extraneuronal 5-HT in mice with reduced serotonin transporter or BDNF expression J. Neurosci. Methods 140 2004 81 92
353. R. Tabakman S. Lecht S. Sephanova H. Arien-Zakay P. Lazarovici Interactions between the cells of the immune and nervous system: neurotrophins as neuroprotection mediators in CNS injury Prog. Brain Res. 146 2004 387 401
354. Y. Tache H. Yang M. Yoneda Vagal regulation of gastric function involves thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the medullary raphe nuclei and dorsal vagal complex Digestion 54 1993 65 72
355. S.A. Taha M.P. Stryker Molecular substrates of plasticity in the developing visual cortex Prog. Brain Res. 147 2005 103 114
356. S.W. Tang E. Chu T. Hui D. Helmeste C. Law Influence of exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in healthy human subjects Neurosci. Lett. 431 2008 62 65
357. L.H. Tecott S.F. Logue J.M. Wehner J.A. Kauer Perturbed dentate gyrus function in serotonin 5-HT2C receptor mutant mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 1998 15026 15031
358. M.E. Thase T. Denko Pharmacotherapy of mood disorders Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 4 2008 53 91
359. O.A. Timofeeva C.S. Roegge F.J. Seidler T.A. Slotkin E.D. Levin Persistent cognitive alterations in rats after early postnatal exposure to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 30 2008 38 45
360. M.A. Tischfield T.M. Bosley M.A. Salih I.A. Alorainy E.C. Sener M.J. Nester D.T. Oystreck W.M. Chan C. Andrews R.P. Erickson E.C. Engle Homozygous HOXA1 mutations disrupt human brainstem, inner ear, cardiovascular and cognitive development Nat. Genet. 37 2005 1035 1037
361. M. Tommerdahl V. Tannan J.K. Holden G.T. Baranek Absence of stimulus-driven synchronization effects on sensory perception in autism: Evidence for local underconnectivity? Behav. Brain Funct. 4 2008 19
362. A.R. Torres Is fever suppression involved in the etiology of autism and neurodevelopmental disorders? BMC Pediatr. 3 2003 9
363. V. Trajkovska A.B. Marcussen M. Vinberg P. Hartvig S. Aznar G.M. Knudsen Measurements of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: methodological aspects and demographical data Brain Res. Bull. 73 2007 143 149
364. C.L. Trask B.E. Kosofsky Developmental considerations of neurotoxic exposures Neurol. Clin. 18 2000 541 562
365. G. Trottier L. Srivastava C.D. Walker Etiology of infantile autism: a review of recent advances in genetic and neurobiological research J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 24 1999 103 115
366. K. Turlejski R.L. Djavadian M. Kossut Neonatal serotonin depletion modifies development but not plasticity in rat barrel cortex Neuroreport 8 1997 1823 1828
367. V.A. Vaidya G.J. Marek G.K. Aghajanian R.S. Duman 5-HT2A receptor-mediated regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the hippocampus and the neocortex J. Neurosci. 17 1997 2785 2795
368. D.L. Vargas C. Nascimbene C. Krishnan A.W. Zimmerman C.A. Pardo Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism Ann. Neurol. 57 2005 67 81
369. D.M. Vazquez J.F. Lopez H. Van Hoers S.J. Watson S. Levine Maternal deprivation regulates serotonin 1A and 2A receptors in the infant rat Brain Res. 855 2000 76 82
370. J. Veenstra-VanderWeele S.J. Kim C. Lord R. Courchesne N. Akshoomoff B.L. Leventhal E. Courchesne E.H. Cook Jr. Transmission disequilibrium studies of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor gene (HTR2A) in autism Am. J. Med. Genet. 114 2002 277 283
371. A. Venerosi G. Calamandrei L. Ricceri A social recognition test for female mice reveals behavioral effects of developmental chlorpyrifos exposure Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 28 2006 466 471
372. C. Verney C. Lebrand P. Gaspar Changing distribution of monoaminergic markers in the developing human cerebral cortex with special emphasis on the serotonin transporter Anat. Rec. 267 2002 87 93
373. T. Vitalis O. Cases J. Callebert J.M. Launay D.J. Price I. Seif P. Gaspar Effects of monoamine oxidase A inhibition on barrel formation in the mouse somatosensory cortex: determination of a sensitive developmental period J. Comp. Neurol. 393 1998 169 184
374. T. Vitalis O. Cases K. Gillies N. Hanoun M. Hamon I. Seif P. Gaspar P. Kind D.J. Price Interactions between TrkB signaling and serotonin excess in the developing murine somatosensory cortex: a role in tangential and radial organization of thalamocortical axons J. Neurosci. 22 2002 4987 5000
375. T. Vitalis O. Cases S. Passemard J. Callebert J.G. Parnavelas Embryonic depletion of serotonin affects cortical development Eur. J. Neurosci. 26 2007 331 344
376. H. Waage-Baudet J.M. Lauder D.B. Dehart K. Kluckman S. Hiller G.S. Tint K.K. Sulik Abnormal serotonergic development in a mouse model for the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: implications for autism Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 21 2003 451 459
377. A.J. Wakefield The gut-brain axis in childhood developmental disorders J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 34 Suppl. 1 2002 S14 S17
378. J.A. Wallace P. Petrusz J.M. Lauder Serotonin immunocytochemistry in the adult and developing rat brain: methodological and pharmacological considerations Brain Res. Bull. 9 1982 117 129
379. Y. Wang Q. Gu M.S. Cynader Blockade of serotonin-2C receptors by mesulergine reduces ocular dominance plasticity in kitten visual cortex Exp. Brain Res. 114 1997 321 328
380. T.H. Wassink J. Piven The molecular genetics of autism Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 2 2000 170 175
381. T.H. Wassink J. Piven V.J. Vieland J. Huang R.E. Swiderski J. Pietila T. Braun G. Beck S.E. Folstein J.L. Haines V.C. Sheffield Evidence supporting WNT2 as an autism susceptibility gene Am. J. Med. Genet. 105 2001 406 413
382. T.H. Wassink J. Piven V.J. Vieland J. Pietila R.J. Goedken S.E. Folstein V.C. Sheffield Examination of AVPR1a as an autism susceptibility gene Mol. Psychiatry 9 2004 968 972
383. T.H. Wassink H.C. Hazlett E.A. Epping S. Arndt S.R. Dager G.D. Schellenberg G. Dawson J. Piven Cerebral cortical gray matter overgrowth and functional variation of the serotonin transporter gene in autism Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 64 2007 709 717
384. I.C. Weaver N. Cervoni F.A. Champagne A.C. D'Alessio S. Sharma J.R. Seckl S. Dymov M. Szyf M.J. Meaney Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior Nat. Neurosci. 7 2004 847 854
385. P.M. Whitaker-Azmitia Behavioral and cellular consequences of increasing serotonergic activity during brain development: a role in autism? Intl. J. Dev. Neurosci. 23 2005 75 83
386. T.N. Wiesel Early explorations of the development and plasticity of the visual cortex: a personal view J. Neurobiol. 41 1999 7 9
387. S. Wills M. Cabanlit J. Bennett P. Ashwood D. Amaral J. Van de Water Autoantibodies in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1107 2007 79 91
388. B. Wirleitner G. Neurauter K. Schrocksnadel B. Frick D. Fuchs Interferon-gamma-induced conversion of tryptophan: immunologic and neuropsychiatric aspects Curr. Med. Chem. 10 2003 1581 1591
389. B. Xu W. Gottschalk A. Chow R.I. Wilson E. Schnell K. Zang D. Wang R.A. Nicoll B. Lu L.F. Reichardt The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptors in the mature hippocampus: modulation of long-term potentiation through a presynaptic mechanism involving TrkB J. Neurosci. 20 2000 6888 6897
390. Y. Xu Y. Sari F.C. Zhou Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor disrupts organization of thalamocortical somatosensory barrels during development Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 150 2004 151 161
391. N. Yirmiya T. Pilowsky L. Nemanov S. Arbelle T. Feinsilver I. Fried R.P. Ebstein Evidence for an association with the serotonin transporter promoter region polymorphism and autism Am. J. Med. Genet. 105 2001 381 386
392. C.L. Young-Davies C.A. Bennett-Clarke R.D. Lane R.W. Rhoades Selective facilitation of the serotonin(1B) receptor causes disorganization of thalamic afferents and barrels in somatosensory cortex of rat J. Comp. Neurol. 425 2000 130 138
393. B. Yu J. Becnel M. Zerfaoui R. Rohatgi A.H. Boulares C.D. Nichols Serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor activation suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced inflammation with extraordinary potency J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 327 2008 316 323
394. T.S. Zetterstrom Q. Pei T.R. Madhav A.L. Coppell L. Lewis D.G. Grahame-Smith Manipulations of brain 5-HT levels affect gene expression for BDNF in rat brain Neuropharmacology 38 1999 1063 1073
395. J. Zhang L. Terreni M.G. De Simoni A.J. Dunn Peripheral interleukin-6 administration increases extracellular concentrations of serotonin and the evoked release of serotonin in the rat striatum Neurochem. Intl. 38 2001 303 308
396. C.B. Zhu R.D. Blakely W.A. Hewlett The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha activate serotonin transporters Neuropsychopharmacology 31 2006 2121 2131