Neural networks underlying contributions from semantics in reading aloud

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volumn , Issue SEP, 2013, Pages

  Boukrina, Olga ^a   Graves, William W ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Effective connectivity; fMRI; Orthography; Phonology; Reading; Semantics

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALGORITHM; ANGULAR GYRUS; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INFERIOR TEMPORAL SULCUS; LEFT HEMISPHERE; MALE; MIDDLE TEMPORAL GYRUS; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NORMAL HUMAN; PHONETICS; READING; SEMANTICS; SUPERIOR TEMPORAL GYRUS; TASK PERFORMANCE; TEMPORAL LOBE; VERBALIZATION; WORD RECOGNITION;

EID: 84885071311     PISSN: 16625161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00518     Document Type: Article

References (95)

1. Anderson, T. W., and Darling, D. A. (1952). Asymptotic theory of certain "goodness of fit" criteria based on stochastic processes. Ann. Math. Statist. 23, 193-212. doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177729437
2. Andrews, S. (1992). Frequency and neighborhood effects on lexical access: lexical similarity or orthographic redundancy. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 8, 234-254.
3. Balota, D. A., Cortese, M. J., Sergent-Marshall, S. D., Spieler, D. H., and Yap, M. J. (2004). Visual word recognition of single-syllable words. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 133, 283-316. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.133.2.283
4. Binder, J. R., and Desai, R. H. (2011). The neurobiology of semantic memory. Trends Cogn. Sci. 15, 527-536. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2011.10.001
5. Binder, J. R., Desai, R. H., Graves, W. W., and Conant, L. L. (2009). Where is the semantic system. A critical review and meta-analysis of 120 functional neuroimaging studies. Cereb. Cortex 19, 2767-2796. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhp055
6. Binder, J. R., Frost, J. A., Hammeke, T. A., Cox, R. W., Rao, S. M., and Priesto, T. (1997). Human brain language areas identified by functional magnetic resonance imaging. J. Neurosci. 17, 353-362.
7. Binder, J. R., Medler, D. A., Desai, R., Conant, L. L., and Liebenthal, E. (2005). Some neurophysiological constraints on models of word naming. Neuroimage 27, 677-693. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.029
8. Binder, J. R., Medler, D., Westbury, C. F., Liebenthal, E., and Buchanan, L. (2006). Tuning of the human left fusiform gyrus to sublexical orthographic structure. Neuroimage 33, 739-748. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.06.053
9. Bolger, D. J., Minas, J., Burman, D. D., and Booth, J. R. (2008). Differential effects of orthographic and phonological consistency in cortex for children with and without reading impairment. Neuropsychologia 46, 3210-3224. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.024
10. Bookheimer, S. (2002). Functional MRI of language: new approaches to understanding the cortical organization of semantic processing. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 25, 151-188. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142946
11. Brambati, S. M., Ogar, J., Neuhaus, J., Miller, B. L., and Gorno-Tempini, M. L. (2009). Reading disorders in primary progressive aphasia: a behavioral and neuroimaging study. Neuropsychologia 47, 1893-1900. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.02.033
12. Castles, A., and Coltheart, M. (1993). Varities of developmental dyslexia. Cognition 47, 149-180. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(93)90003-E
13. Cattinelli, I., Borghese, N. A., Gallucci, M., and Paulesu, E. (2013). Reading the reading brain: a new meta-analysis of functional imaging data on reading. J. Neurolinguist. 26, 1-25.
14. Cohen, L., Dehaene, S., Naccache, L., Lehericy, S., Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Henaff, M., et al. (2000). The visual word form area: spatial and temporal characterization of an initial stage of reading in normal subjects and posterior split-brain patients. Brain 123, 291-307. doi: 10.1093/brain/123.2.291
15. Cohen, L., Lehericy, S., Chochon, F., Lemer, C., Rivard, S., and Dehaene, S. (2002). Language-specific tuning of visual cortex. Functional properties of the visual word form area. Brain 125, 1054-1069. doi: 10.1093/brain/awf094
16. Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., and Haller, M. (1993). Models of reading aloud: dual route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches. Psychol. Rev. 100, 589-608. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.589
17. Coltheart, M., Rastle, K., Perry, C., Langdon, R., and Ziegler, J. (2001). DRC: a dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychol. Rev. 108, 204-256. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.108.1.204
18. Coltheart, M., Woollams, A., Kinoshita, S., and Perry, C. (1999). A position-sensitive Stroop effect: further evidence for a left-to-right component in print-to-speech. Psychonom. Bull. Rev. 6, 456-463. doi: 10.3758/BF03210835
19. Dehaene, S., Jobert, A., Naccache, L., Ciuciu, P., Poline, J. B., Le Bihan, D., et al. (2004). Letter binding and invariant recognition of masked words. Psychol. Sci. 15, 307-313. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00674.x
20. Fiez, J. A., and Petersen, S. E. (1998). Neuroimaging studies of word reading. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 914-921. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.3.914
21. Friston, K. J. (2003). "Dynamic causal modeling, " in Human Brain Function, 2nd Edn., ed R. S. J. Frackowiak (San Diego: Academic Press), 1063-1090.
22. Friston, K. J., and Büchel, C. (2003). "Functional connectivity" in Human Brain Function, 2nd Edn., ed R. S. J. Frackowiak (San Diego: Academic Press), 999-1018.
23. Gow, D. W. (2012). The cortical organization of lexical knowledge: a dual lexicon model of spoken language processing. Brain Lang. 121, 273-288. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.03.005
24. Grabner, G., Janke, A. L., Budge, M. M., Smith, D., Pruessner, J., and Collins, D. L. (2006). Symmetric atlasing and model based segmentation: an application to the hippocampus in older adults. Med. Image Comput. Comput. Assist. Interv. 9, 58-66. doi: 10.1007/11866763_8
25. Graves, W. W., Binder, J. R., Seidenberg, M. S., and Desai, R. H. (2012). "Neural correlates of semantic processing in reading aloud, " in The Handbook of the Neuropsychology of Language, Vol. 1, ed M. Faust (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell), 167-183.
26. Graves, W. W., Desai, R., Humphries, C., Seidenberg, M. S., and Binder, J. R. (2010). Neural systems for reading aloud: a multi-parametric approach. Cereb. Cortex 20, 1799-1815. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhp245
27. Graves, W. W., Grabowski, T. J., Mehta, S., and Gordon, J. K. (2007). A neural signature of phonological access: distinguishing the effects of word frequency from familiarity and length in overt picture naming. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 19, 617-631. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.4.617
28. Graves, W. W., Grabowski, T. J., Mehta, S., and Gupta, P. (2008). The left posterior superior temporal gyrus participates specifically in accessing lexical phonology. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 20, 1698-1710. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20113
29. Hanson, S. J., and Halchenko, Y. O. (2008). Brain reading using full brain support vector machines for object renition: there is no "face" identification area. Neural Comput. 20, 486-503. doi: 10.1162/neco.2007.09-06-340
30. Harm, M. W., and Seidenberg, M. S. (2004). Computing the meanings of words in reading: cooperative division of labor between visual and phonological processes. Psychol. Rev. 111, 662-720. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.111.3.662
31. Hickok, G., and Poeppel, D. (2004). Dorsal and ventral streams: a framework for understanding aspects of the functional anatomy of language. Cognition 92, 67-99. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.011
32. Hickok, G., and Poeppel, D. (2007). The cortical organization of speech processing. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8, 393-402. doi: 10.1038/nrn2113
33. Hillis, A. E., Newhart, M., Heidler, J., Barker, P., Herskovits, E., and Degaonkar, M. (2005). The roles of the "visual word form area" in reading. Neuroimage 24, 548-559. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.026
34. Hino, Y., and Lupker, S. J. (1996). Effects of polysemy in lexical decision and naming: an alternative to lexical access accounts. J Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 22, 1331-1356. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.22.6.1331
35. Hino, Y., Lupker, S. J., and Pexman, P. M. (2002). Ambiguity and synonymy effects in lexical decision, naming, and semantic categorization tasks: interactions between orthography, phonology, and semantics. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 28, 686-713.
36. Indefrey, P., and Levelt, W. J. (2004). The spatial and temporal signatures of word production components. Cognition 92, 101-144. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2002.06.001
37. Jenkinson, M., Bannister, P. R., Brady, J. M., and Smith, S. M. (2002). Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 17, 825-841. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2002.1132
38. Jenkinson, M., and Smith, S. M. (2001). A global optimization method for robust affine registration of brain images. Med. Image Anal. 5, 143-156. doi: 10.1016/S1361-8415(01)00036-6
39. Jobard, G., Crivello, F., and Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2003). Evaluation of the dual route theory of reading: a metanalysis of 35 neuroimaging studies. Neuroimage 20, 693-712. doi: 10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00343-4
40. Jobard, G., Vigneau, M., Simon, G., and Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2011). The weight of skill: interindividual variability of reading related brain activation patterns in fluent readers. J. Neurolinguist. 24, 113-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2010.09.002
41. Katz, L., Lee, C. H., Tabor, W., Frost, S. J., Mencl, W. E., Sandak, R., et al. (2005). Behavioral and neurobiological effects of printed word repetition in lexical decision and naming. Neuropsychologia 43, 2068-2083. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.03.022
42. Kutner, M., Nachtsheim, C., Neter, J., and Li, W. (2005). Applied Linear Statistical Models. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
43. Lancaster, J. L., Woldorff, M. G., Parsons, L. M., Liotti, M., Freitas, C. S., Rainey, L., et al. (2000). Automated Talairach atlas labels for functional brain mapping. Hum. Brain Mapp. 10, 120-131.
44. Levy, J., Pernet, C., Treserras, S., Boulanouar, K., Aubry, F., Démonet, J.-F., et al. (2009). Testing for the dual-route cascade reading model in the brain: an fMRI effective connectivity account of an efficient reading style. PLoS ONE 4:e6675. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006675
45. Lichacz, F. M., Herdman, C. H., LeFevre, J., and Baird, B. (1999). Polysemy effects in word naming. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 53, 189-193. doi: 10.1037/h0087309
46. Maisog, J. M., Einbinder, E. R., Flowers, D. L., Turkeltaub, P. E., and Eden, G. F. (2008). A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of dyslexia. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1145, 237-259. doi: 10.1196/annals.1416.024
47. Manis, F. R., Seidenberg, M. S., Doi, L. M., McBride-Chang, C., and Petersen, A. (1996). On the bases of two types of development dyslexia. Cognition 58, 157-195. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00679-6
48. Mano, Q. R., Humphries, C., Desai, R. H., Seidenberg, M. S., Osmon, D. C., Stengel, B. C., et al. (2013). The role of left occipitotemporal cortex in reading: Reconciling stimulus, task, and lexicality effects. Cereb. Cortex 23, 988-1001. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs093
49. McCandliss, B. D., Cohen, L., and Dehaene, S. (2003). The visual word form area: expertise for reading in the fusiform gyrus. Trends Cogn. Sci. 7, 293-299. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00134-7
50. McIntosh, A. R., and Gonzalez-Lima, F. (1994). Structural equation modeling and its application to network analysis of functional brain imaging. Hum. Brain Mapp. 2, 2-22. doi: 10.1002/hbm.460020104
51. Mechelli, A., Humphreys, G. W., Mayall, K., Olson, A., and Price, C. J. (2000). Differential effects of word length and visual contrast in the fusiform and lingual gyri during reading. Proc. Biol. Sci. 267, 1909-1913. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1229
52. Mechelli, A., Josephs, O., Lambon, R. M., McClelland, J. L., and Price, C. J. (2007). Dissociating stimulus-driven semantic and phonological effect during reading and naming. Hum. Brain Mapp. 28, 205-217. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20272
53. Milne, R. D., Nicholson, T., and Corballis, M. C. (2003). Lexical access and phonological decoding in adult dyslexic subtypes. Neuropsychology 17, 362-368. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.17.3.362
54. Paap, K. R., and Noel, R. W. (1991). Dual-route models of print to sound: still a good horse race. Psychol. Res. 53, 13-24. doi: 10.1007/BF00867328
55. Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory: retrospect and current status. Can. J. Psychol. 45, 255-287. doi: 10.1037/h0084295
56. Patterson, K., and Hodges, J. R. (1992). Deterioration of word meaning: implications for reading. Neuropsychologia 30, 1025-1040. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(92)90096-5
57. Perez, C. A., El-Sheikh, E. M., and Glymour, C. (2010). Discovering effective connectivity among brain regions from functional MRI data. Int. J. Comput. Healthc. 1, 86-102. doi: 10.1504/IJCIH.2010.034132
58. Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., and Patterson, K. (1996). Understanding normal and impaired word reading: computational principles in quasi-regular domains. Psychol. Rev. 103, 56-115. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.56
59. Plaut, D. C., and Shallice, T. (1993). Deep dyslexia: a case study of connectionist neuropsychology. Cogn. Neuropsychol. 10, 377-500. doi: 10.1080/02643299308253469
60. Poldrack, R. A., Halchenko, Y. O., and Hanson, S. J. (2009). Decoding the large-scale structure of brain function by classifying mental states across individuals. Psychol. Sci. 20, 1364-1372. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02460.x
61. Poldrack, R. A., Wagner, A. D., Prull, M. W., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., and Gabrieli, J. D. (1999). Functional specialization for semantic and phonological processing in the left inferior prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage 10, 15-35. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1999.0441
62. Price, C. J. (2012). A review and synthesis of the first 20 years of PET and fMRI studies of heard speech, spoken language and reading. Neuroimage 62, 816-847. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062
63. Price, C. J., and Mechelli, A. (2005). Reading and reading disturbance. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 15, 231-238. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2005.03.003
64. Pugh, K. R., Shaywitz, B. A., Shaywitz, S. E., Constable, R. T., Skudlarski, P., Fulbright, R. K., et al. (1996). Cerebral organization of component processes in reading. Brain 119, 1221-1238. doi: 10.1093/brain/119.4.1221
65. Ramsey, J. D., Hanson, S. J., and Glymour, C. (2011). Multi-subject search correctly identifies causal connections and most causal directions in the DCM models of the Smith et al. simulation study. Neuroimage 58, 838-848. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.068
66. Ramsey, J. D., Hanson, S. J., Hanson, C., Halchenko, Y. O., Poldrack, R. A., and Glymour, C. (2010). Six problems for causal inference from fMRI. Neuroimage 49, 1545-1558. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.065
67. Richardson, F. M., Seghier, M. L., Leff, A. P., Thomas, M. S. C., and Price, C. J. (2011). Multiple routes from occipital to temporal cortices during reading. J. Neurosci. 31, 8239-8247. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6519-10.2011
68. Richlan, F., Kronbichler, M., and Wimmer, H. (2009). Functional abnormalities in the dyslexic brain: a quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Hum. Brain Mapp. 30, 3299-3308. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20752
69. Rodd, J. M. (2004). The effect of semantic ambiguity on reading aloud: a twist in the tale. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 11, 440-445. doi: 10.3758/BF03196592
70. Sandak, R., Mencl, W. E., Frost, S. J., Rueckl, J. G., Katz, L., Moore, D., et al. (2004). The neurobiology of adaptive learning in reading: a contrast of different training conditions. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 4, 67-88. doi: 10.3758/CABN.4.1.67
71. Schuyler, B., Ollinger, J. M., Oakes, T. R., Johnstone, T., and Davidson, R. J. (2010). Dynamic causal modeling applied to fMRI data shows high reliability. Neuroimage 49, 603-611. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.07.015
72. Schwanenflugel, P. J. (1991). "Why are abstract concepts hard to understand?, " in The Psychology of Word Meanings, ed P. J. Schwanenflugel (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum), 223-250.
73. Segal, E., and Petrides, M. (2013). Functional activation during reading in relation to the sulci of the angular gyrus region. Eur. J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12277. [Epub ahead of print].
74. Seghier, M. L., Lee, H. L., Schofield, T., Ellis, C. L., and Price, C. J. (2008). Inter-subject variability in the use of two different neuronal networks for reading aloud familiar words. Neuroimage 42, 1226-1236. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.029
75. Seghier, M. L., and Price, C. J. (2009). Dissociating functional brain networks by decoding the between-subject variability. Neuroimage 45, 349-359. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.12.017
76. Seidenberg, M. S. (1985). The time course of phonological code activation in two writing systems. Cognition 19, 1-30. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(85)90029-0
77. Seidenberg, M. S., and McClelland, J. L. (1989). A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming. Psychol. Rev. 96, 523-568. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.523
78. Seidenberg, M. S., Waters, G. S., Barnes, M., and Tanenhaus, M. K. (1984). When does irregular spelling or pronunciation influence word recognition. J. Verbal Learn. Verbal Behav. 23, 383-404. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5371(84)90270-6
79. Shaywitz, S. E., and Shaywitz, B. A. (2005). Dyslexia (specific reading disability). Biol. Psychiatry 57, 1301-1309. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.043
80. Shibahara, N., Zorzi, M., Hill, M. P., Wydell, T., and Butterworth, B. (2003). Semantic effects in word naming: evidence from English and Japanese Kanji. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 56, 263-286. doi: 10.1080/02724980244000369
81. Simos, P. G., Fletcher, J. M., Bergman, E., Breier, J. I., and Foorman, B. R. (2002). Dyslexia-specific brain activation profile becomes normal following successful remedial training. Neurology 58, 1203-1213. doi: 10.1212/WNL.58.8.1203
82. Smith, S. M. (2002). Fast robust automated brain extraction. Hum. Brain Mapp. 17, 143-155. doi: 10.1002/hbm.10062
83. Smith, S. M., Miller, K. L., Salimi-Khorshidi, G., Webster, M., Beckmann, C., Nichols, T., et al. (2011). Network modeling methods for fMRI. Neuroimage 54, 875-891. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.063
84. Strain, E., and Herdman, C. M. (1999). Imageability effects in word naming: an individual differences analysis. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 53, 347-359. doi: 10.1037/h0087322
85. Strain, E., Patterson, K., and Seidenberg, M. S. (1995). Semantic effects in single-word naming. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 21, 1140-1154.
86. Taraban, R., and McClelland, J. L. (1987). Conspiracy effects in word recognition. J. Mem. Lang. 26, 608-631. doi: 10.1016/0749-596X(87)90105-7
87. Taylor, J. S. H., Rastle, K., and Davis, M. H. (2013). Can cognitive models explain brain activation during word and pseudoword reading. A meta-analysis of 36 neuroimaging studies. Psychol. Bull. 139, 766-791. doi: 10.1037/a0030266
88. Vigneau, M., Beaucousin, V., Herve, P. Y., Duffau, H., Crivello, F., Houde, O., et al. (2006). Meta-analyzing left hemisphere language areas: phonology, semantics, and sentence processing. Neuroimage 30, 1414-1432. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.002
89. Vinckier, F., Dehaene, S., Jobert, A., Dubus, J. P., Sigman, M., and Cohen, L. (2007). Hierarchical coding of letter strings in the ventral stream: dissecting the inner organization of the visual word-form system. Neuron 55, 143-156. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.05.031
90. Waters, G. S., and Seidenberg, M. S. (1985). Spelling-sound effects in reading: time-course and decision criteria. Mem. Cognit. 13, 557-572. doi: 10.3758/BF03198326
91. Welcome, S. E., and Joanisse, M. F. (2012). Individual differences in skilled adult readers reveal dissociable patterns of neural activity associated with component processes of reading. Brain Lang. 120, 360-371. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.12.011
92. Whitney, C., Jefferies, E., and Kircher, T. (2011). Heterogeneity of the left temporal lobe in semantic representation and control: priming multiple versus single meanings of ambiguous words. Cereb. Cortex 21, 831-844. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq148
93. Woollams, A. M. (2005). Imageability and ambiguity effects in speeded naming: convergence and divergence. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 31, 878-890. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.31.5.878
94. Woollams, A. M., Lambon Ralph, M. A., Plaut, D. C., and Patterson, K. (2007). SD-squared: on the association between semantic dementia and surface dyslexia. Psychol. Rev. 114, 316-339. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.114.2.316
95. Yap, M. J., Pexman, P. M., Wellsby, M., Hargreaves, I. S., and Huff, M. J. (2012). An abundance of riches: cross-task comparisons of semantic richness effects in visual word recognition. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 6:72. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00072