Neuroglialpharmacology: Myelination as a shared mechanism of action of psychotropic treatments

Neuropharmacology

Volumn 62, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 2137-2153

  Bartzokis, George ^a,b,c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Division of Brain Mapping   (United States)

^c VA GREATER LOS ANGELES HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Cdk; DISC1; ErbB; IGF1; Intracortical myelin; Leptin; MAPK; Medication; MRI; mTOR; Neuregulin; NG2 cells; Oligodendrocyte; Reelin; White matter

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3; HORMONE; LITHIUM; MOOD STABILIZER; MYELIN; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NEUROTRANSMITTER; NEUROTROPHIN; PROTEIN KINASE B; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AUTISM; BIOTECHNOLOGY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN FUNCTION; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG ABUSE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; ENZYME INHIBITION; GLIA; HUMAN; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MYELIN SHEATH; MYELINATION; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVE INJURY; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROMODULATION; NEUROPHARMACOLOGY; NONHUMAN; NUTRITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SYMPTOM; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; TISSUE REPAIR; ANIMAL; DRUG EFFECT; MENTAL DISEASE; METABOLISM; MYELINATED NERVE; PATHOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; NERVE FIBERS, MYELINATED; NERVE NET; NEUROGLIA; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84871908441     PISSN: 00283908     EISSN: 18737064     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.01.015     Document Type: Review

References (271)

1. N.D. Aberg, U.E. Johansson, M.A. Aberg, N.A. Hellstrom, J. Lind, C. Bull, J. Isgaard, M.F. Anderson, J. Oscarsson, and P.S. Eriksson Peripheral infusion of insulin-like growth factor-I increases the number of newborn oligodendrocytes in the cerebral cortex of adult hypophysectomized rats Endocrinology 148 2007 3765 3772 (Pubitemid 47105860)
2. M. Adamska, C. Larroux, M. Adamski, K. Green, E. Lovas, D. Koop, G.S. Richards, C. Zwafink, and B.M. Degnan Structure and expression of conserved Wnt pathway components in the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica Evol. Dev. 12 2011 494 518
3. A.C. Altamura, M. Serati, A. Albano, R.A. Paoli, I.D. Glick, and B. Dell'osso An epidemiologic and clinical overview of medical and psychopathological comorbidities in major psychoses Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 261 2011 489 508
4. H.H. Althaus, and S. Kloppner Mature pig oligodendrocytes rapidly process human recombinant pro-nerve growth factor and do not undergo cell death J. Neurochem. 98 2006 506 517 (Pubitemid 44133154)
5. H.H. Althaus, S. Kloppner, S. Klopfleisch, and M. Schmitz Oligodendroglial cells and neurotrophins: a polyphonic cantata in major and minor J. Mol. Neurosci. 35 2008 65 79
6. L.L. Altshuler, J.G. Curran, P. Hauser, J. Mintz, K. Denicoff, and R. Post T2 hyperintensities in bipolar disorder: magnetic resonance imaging comparison and literature meta-analysis Am. J. Psychiatry 152 1995 1139 1144
7. G.P. Amminger, M.R. Schafer, K. Papageorgiou, C.M. Klier, S.M. Cotton, S.M. Harrigan, A. Mackinnon, P.D. McGorry, and G.E. Berger Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids for indicated prevention of psychotic disorders: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 67 2010 146 154
8. C. Anacker, P.A. Zunszain, A. Cattaneo, L.A. Carvalho, M.J. Garabedian, S. Thuret, J. Price, and C.M. Pariante Antidepressants increase human hippocampal neurogenesis by activating the glucocorticoid receptor Mol. Psychiatry 16 2011 735 750
9. M.F. Anderson, M.A. Aberg, M. Nilsson, and P.S. Eriksson Insulin-like growth factor-I and neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 134 2002 115 122 (Pubitemid 34310242)
10. N.C. Andreasen, P. Nopoulos, V. Magnotta, R. Pierson, S. Ziebell, and B.C. Ho Progressive brain change in schizophrenia: a Prospective longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia Biol. Psychiatry 70 2011 672 679
11. G. Astarita, K.M. Jung, N.C. Berchtold, V.Q. Nguyen, D.L. Gillen, E. Head, C.W. Cotman, and D. Piomelli Deficient liver biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid correlates with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease PLoS One 5 2010 e12538
12. S. Atanasoski, M. Boentert, L. De Ventura, H. Pohl, C. Baranek, K. Beier, P. Young, M. Barbacid, and U. Suter Postnatal Schwann cell proliferation but not myelination is strictly and uniquely dependent on cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4) Mol. Cell Neurosci. 37 2008 519 527
13. K. Azim, and A.M. Butt GSK3beta negatively regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in vivo Glia 59 2011 540 553
14. D.T. Balu, G.C. Carlson, K. Talbot, H. Kazi, T.E. Hill-Smith, R.M. Easton, M.J. Birnbaum, and I. Lucki Akt1 deficiency in schizophrenia and impairment of hippocampal plasticity and function Hippocampus 2010 10.1002/hipo.20887
15. A.M. Barr, K.N. Fish, and A. Markou The reelin receptors VLDLR and ApoER2 regulate sensorimotor gating in mice Neuropharmacology 52 2007 1114 1123
16. P.C. Barradas, R.S. Vieira, and M.S. De Freitas Selective effect of hypothyroidism on expression of myelin markers during development J. Neurosci. Res. 66 2001 254 261 (Pubitemid 32916109)
17. G. Bartzokis Schizophrenia: breakdown in the well-regulated lifelong process of brain development and maturation Neuropsychopharmacology 27 2002 672 683
18. G. Bartzokis Quadratic trajectories of brain myelin content: unifying construct for neuropsychiatric disorders Neurobiol. Aging 25 2004 49 62 (Pubitemid 37522193)
19. G. Bartzokis Brain myelination in prevalent neuropsychiatric developmental disorders: primary and comorbid addiction Adolesc. Psychiatry 29 2005 55 96 (Pubitemid 43471326)
20. G. Bartzokis Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may improve myelin integrity Biol. Psychiatry 62 2007 294 301 (Pubitemid 47454515)
21. G. Bartzokis Alzheimer's disease as homeostatic responses to age-related myelin breakdown Neurobiol. Aging 32 2011 1341 1371
22. G. Bartzokis Neuroglialpharmacology: white matter pathophysiologies and psychiatric treatments Front. Biosci. 17 2011 2695 2733
23. G. Bartzokis, and L. Altshuler Reduced intracortical myelination in schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry 162 2005 1229 1230
24. G. Bartzokis, M. Beckson, P.H. Lu, K.H. Nuechterlein, N. Edwards, and J. Mintz Age-related changes in frontal and temporal lobe volumes in men: a magnetic resonance imaging study Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 58 2001 461 465 (Pubitemid 32411326)
25. G. Bartzokis, M. Beckson, P.H. Lu, N. Edwards, P. Bridge, and J. Mintz Brain maturation may be arrested in chronic cocaine addicts Biol. Psychiatry 51 2002 605 611 (Pubitemid 34310497)
26. G. Bartzokis, J.L. Cummings, D. Sultzer, V.W. Henderson, K.H. Nuechterlein, and J. Mintz White matter structural integrity in healthy aging adults and patients with Alzheimer disease: a magnetic resonance imaging study Arch. Neurol. 60 2003 393 398 (Pubitemid 36314365)
27. G. Bartzokis, D. Sultzer, P.H. Lu, K.H. Nuechterlein, J. Mintz, and J. Cummings Heterogeneous age-related breakdown of white matter structural integrity: implications for cortical "disconnection" in aging and Alzheimer's disease Neurobiol. Aging 25 2004 843 851 (Pubitemid 38813164)
28. G. Bartzokis, P.H. Lu, S.B. Stewart, B. Oluwadara, A.J. Lucas, J. Pantages, E. Pratt, J.E. Sherin, L.L. Altshuler, J. Mintz, M.J. Gitlin, K.L. Subotnik, and K.H. Nuechterlein In vivo evidence of differential impact of typical and atypical antipsychotics on intracortical myelin in adults with schizophrenia Schizophr. Res. 113 2009 322 331
29. G. Bartzokis, P.H. Lu, K. Tingus, M.F. Mendez, A. Richard, D.G. Peters, B. Oluwadara, K.A. Barrall, J.P. Finn, P. Villablanca, P.M. Thompson, and J. Mintz Lifespan trajectory of myelin integrity and maximum motor speed Neurobiol. Aging 31 2010 1554 1562
30. G. Bartzokis, P.H. Lu, C.P. Amar, E.P. Raven, N.R. DeTore, L.L. Altshuler, J. Mintz, J. Ventura, L.R. Casaus, J.S. Luo, K.L. Subotnik, and K.H. Nuechterlein Long acting injection versus oral risperidone in first-episode schizophrenia: differential impact on white matter myelination trajectory Schizophr. Res. 132 2011 35 41
31. G. Bartzokis, P.H. Lu, E.P. Raven, C.P. Amar, N.R. DeTore, L.L. Altshuler, J. Mintz, J. Ventura, L.R. Casaus, J.S. Luo, K.L. Subotnik, and K.H. Nuechterlein Abnormal trajectory of intracortical myelination in schizophrenia implicates white matter in treatment response and outcome. Society of Biological Psychiatry 66th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA Biol. Psychiatry 69 2011 185S
32. Bartzokis, G., Lu, P.H., Raven, E.P., Amar, C.P., DeTore, N.R., Altshuler, L.L., Mintz, J., Ventura, J., Casaus, L.R., Luo, J.S., Subotnik, K.L., Nuechterlein, K.H., in press. Abnormal Trajectory of Intracortical Myelination in Schizophrenia Implicates White Matter in Treatment Response and Outcomes.
33. G. Bartzokis, P.H. Lu, K. Tingus, D.G. Peters, C.P. Amar, T.A. Tishler, J.P. Finn, P. Villablanca, L.L. Altshuler, J. Mintz, E. Neely, and J.R. Connor Gender and iron genes may modify associations between brain iron and memory in healthy aging Neuropsychopharmacology 36 2011 1375 1384
34. M. Bauer, E.D. London, N. Rasgon, S.M. Berman, M.A. Frye, L.L. Altshuler, M.A. Mandelkern, J. Bramen, B. Voytek, R. Woods, J.C. Mazziotta, and P.C. Whybrow Supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine alter regional cerebral metabolism and improve mood in bipolar depression Mol. Psychiatry 10 2005 456 469 (Pubitemid 40646434)
35. M. Bauer, T. Goetz, T. Glenn, and P.C. Whybrow The thyroid-brain interaction in thyroid disorders and mood disorders J. Neuroendocrinol. 20 2008 1101 1114
36. J.M. Beaulieu, and R.R. Gainetdinov The physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of dopamine receptors Pharmacol. Rev. 63 2011 182 217
37. J.M. Beaulieu, T.D. Sotnikova, W.D. Yao, L. Kockeritz, J.R. Woodgett, R.R. Gainetdinov, and M.G. Caron Lithium antagonizes dopamine-dependent behaviors mediated by an AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3 signaling cascade Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 101 2004 5099 5104 (Pubitemid 38469209)
38. J.M. Beaulieu, T.D. Sotnikova, S. Marion, R.J. Lefkowitz, R.R. Gainetdinov, and M.G. Caron An Akt/beta-arrestin 2/PP2A signaling complex mediates dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavior Cell 122 2005 261 273 (Pubitemid 41032989)
39. U. Beffert, E.J. Weeber, A. Durudas, S. Qiu, I. Masiulis, J.D. Sweatt, W.P. Li, G. Adelmann, M. Frotscher, R.E. Hammer, and J. Herz Modulation of synaptic plasticity and memory by reelin involves differential splicing of the lipoprotein receptor apoer2 Neuron 47 2005 567 579 (Pubitemid 41139214)
40. S. Belachew, B. Rogister, J.M. Rigo, B. Malgrange, and G. Moonen Neurotransmitter-mediated regulation of CNS myelination: a review Acta Neurol. Belg. 99 1999 21 31 (Pubitemid 29171837)
41. G.W. Bennett, T.M. Ballard, C.D. Watson, and K.C. Fone Effect of neuropeptides on cognitive function Exp. Gerontol. 32 1997 451 469 (Pubitemid 27366483)
42. S. Berretta Extracellular matrix abnormalities in schizophrenia Neuropharmacology 2011 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.08.010
43. O. Bibollet-Bahena, and G. Almazan IGF-1-stimulated protein synthesis in oligodendrocyte progenitors requires PI3K/mTOR/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways J. Neurochem. 109 2009 1440 1451
44. R.S. Bitner, W.H. Bunnelle, M.W. Decker, K.U. Drescher, K.L. Kohlhaas, S. Markosyan, K.C. Marsh, A.L. Nikkel, K. Browman, R. Radek, D.J. Anderson, J. Buccafusco, and M. Gopalakrishnan In vivo pharmacological characterization of a novel selective alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-107: preclinical considerations in Alzheimer's disease J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 334 2010 875 886
45. G. Blasi, F. Napolitano, G. Ursini, P. Taurisano, R. Romano, G. Caforio, L. Fazio, B. Gelao, A. Di Giorgio, L. Iacovelli, L. Sinibaldi, T. Popolizio, A. Usiello, and A. Bertolino DRD2/AKT1 interaction on D2 c-AMP independent signaling, attentional processing, and response to olanzapine treatment in schizophrenia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 108 2011 1158 1163
46. M. Bolos, S. Fernandez, and I. Torres-Aleman Oral administration of a GSK3 inhibitor increases brain insulin-like growth factor I levels J. Biol. Chem. 285 2011 17693 17700
47. C.A. Bondy, and C.M. Cheng Signaling by insulin-like growth factor 1 in brain Eur. J. Pharmacol. 490 2004 25 31 (Pubitemid 38482159)
48. A. Botella-Lopez, I. Cuchillo-Ibanez, T. Cotrufo, S.S. Mok, Q.X. Li, M.S. Barquero, M. Dierssen, E. Soriano, and J. Saez-Valero Beta-amyloid controls altered reelin expression and processing in Alzheimer's disease Neurobiol. Dis. 37 2010 682 691
49. M. Bourque, B. Liu, D.E. Dluzen, and T. Di Paolo Sex differences in methamphetamine toxicity in mice: effect on brain dopamine signaling pathways Psychoneuroendocrinology 36 2011 955 969
50. P. Brambilla, M. Bellani, P.H. Yeh, and J.C. Soares Myelination in bipolar patients and the effects of mood stabilizers on brain anatomy Curr. Pharm. Des. 15 2009 2632 2636
51. J. Brosda, F. Dietz, and M. Koch Impairment of cognitive performance after reelin knockdown in the medial prefrontal cortex of pubertal or adult rats Neurobiol. Dis. 44 2011 239 247
52. K.E. Burdick, T.E. Goldberg, B.A. Cornblatt, R.S. Keefe, C.B. Gopin, P. Derosse, R.J. Braga, and A.K. Malhotra The MATRICS Consensus cognitive Battery in patients with bipolar I disorder Neuropsychopharmacology 36 2011 1587 1592
53. A.M. Butt Neurotransmitter-mediated calcium signalling in oligodendrocyte physiology and pathology Glia 54 2006 666 675 (Pubitemid 44629630)
54. A.M. Butt ATP: a ubiquitous gliotransmitter integrating neuron-glial networks Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 22 2011 205 213
55. A.M. Butt, and M. Berry Oligodendrocytes and the control of myelination in vivo: new insights from the rat anterior medullary velum J. Neurosci. Res. 59 2000 477 488 (Pubitemid 30090574)
56. G. Buzsaki, and A. Draguhn Neuronal oscillations in cortical networks Science 304 2004 1926 1929
57. A. Caccamo, S. Majumder, A. Richardson, R. Strong, and S. Oddo Molecular interplay between mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), amyloid-beta, and Tau: effects on cognitive impairments J. Biol. Chem. 285 2010 13107 13120
58. C. Caillava, R. Vandenbosch, B. Jablonska, C. Deboux, G. Spigoni, V. Gallo, B. Malgrange, and A. Baron-Van Evercooren Cdk2 loss accelerates precursor differentiation and remyelination in the adult central nervous system J. Cell Biol. 193 2011 397 407
59. M. Calabrese, M. Filippi, M. Rovaris, V. Bernardi, M. Atzori, I. Mattisi, A. Favaretto, P. Grossi, L. Barachino, L. Rinaldi, C. Romualdi, P. Perini, and P. Gallo Evidence for relative cortical sparing in benign multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study Mult. Scler. 15 2009 36 41
60. X. Cao, F. Kambe, M. Yamauchi, and H. Seo Thyroid-hormone-dependent activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt cascade requires Src and enhances neuronal survival Biochem. J. 424 2009 201 209
61. M.J. Carson, R.R. Behringer, R.L. Brinster, and F.A. McMorris Insulin-like growth factor I increases brain growth and central nervous system myelination in transgenic mice Neuron 10 1993 729 740 (Pubitemid 23127975)
62. A. Chan, and T.B. Shea Folate deprivation increases presenilin expression, gamma-secretase activity, and Abeta levels in murine brain: potentiation by ApoE deficiency and alleviation by dietary S-adenosyl methionine J. Neurochem. 102 2007 753 760 (Pubitemid 47057297)
63. R. Clarke, A.D. Smith, K.A. Jobst, H. Refsum, L. Sutton, and P.M. Ueland Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease [see comments] Arch. Neurol. 55 1998 1449 1455 (Pubitemid 28525506)
64. R.P. Coelho, L.M. Yuelling, B. Fuss, and C. Sato-Bigbee Neurotrophin-3 targets the translational initiation machinery in oligodendrocytes Glia 57 2009 1754 1764
65. G. Corfas, K. Roy, and J.D. Buxbaum Neuregulin 1-erbB signaling and the molecular/cellular basis of schizophrenia Nat. Neurosci. 7 2004 575 580 (Pubitemid 38691892)
66. Q.L. Cui, E. Fogle, and G. Almazan Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate oligodendrocyte progenitor survival through Src-like tyrosine kinases and PI3K/Akt pathways Neurochem. Int. 48 2006 383 393 (Pubitemid 43327278)
67. A.J. D'Ercole, and P. Ye Expanding the mind: IGF-I and brain development Endocrinology 149 2008 5958 5962
68. K.L. Davis, D.G. Stewart, J.I. Friedman, M. Buchsbaum, P.D. Harvey, P.R. Hof, J. Buxbaum, and V. Haroutunian White matter changes in schizophrenia: evidence for myelin-related dysfunction Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 60 2003 443 456 (Pubitemid 36539053)
69. J.J. Day, and J.D. Sweatt Epigenetic mechanisms in cognition Neuron 70 2011 813 829
70. L.M. de Lau, A.D. Smith, H. Refsum, C. Johnston, and M.M. Breteler Plasma vitamin B12 status and cerebral white-matter lesions J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 80 2009 149 157
71. P. De Sarno, G.N. Bijur, A.A. Zmijewska, X. Li, and R.S. Jope In vivo regulation of GSK3 phosphorylation by cholinergic and NMDA receptors Neurobiol. Aging 27 2006 413 422 (Pubitemid 43185326)
72. P. De Sarno, R.C. Axtell, C. Raman, K.A. Roth, D.R. Alessi, and R.S. Jope Lithium prevents and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis J. Immunol. 181 2008 338 345
73. L. Descarries, K.C. Watkins, S. Garcia, O. Bosler, and G. Doucet Dual character, asynaptic and synaptic, of the dopamine innervation in adult rat neostriatum: a quantitative autoradiographic and immunocytochemical analysis J. Comp. Neurol. 375 1996 167 186 (Pubitemid 26378130)
74. Y.S. Ding, J.S. Fowler, J. Logan, G.J. Wang, F. Telang, V. Garza, A. Biegon, D. Pareto, W. Rooney, C. Shea, D. Alexoff, N.D. Volkow, and F. Vocci 6-[18F]Fluoro-A-85380, a new PET tracer for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: studies in the human brain and in vivo demonstration of specific binding in white matter Synapse 53 2004 184 189 (Pubitemid 38971897)
75. Y. Du, L.D. Lercher, R. Zhou, and C.F. Dreyfus Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on differentiation of basal forebrain oligodendrocytes J. Neurosci. Res. 84 2006 1692 1702 (Pubitemid 44892603)
76. R.S. Duman, N. Li, R.J. Liu, V. Duric, and G. Aghajanian Signaling pathways underlying the rapid antidepressant actions of ketamine Neuropharmacology 62 2012 35 41
77. A.J. Dwork, B. Mancevski, and G. Rosoklija White matter and cognitive function in schizophrenia Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007 1 24
78. E.S. Emamian, D. Hall, M.J. Birnbaum, M. Karayiorgou, and J.A. Gogos Convergent evidence for impaired AKT1-GSK3beta signaling in schizophrenia Nat. Genet. 36 2004 131 137 (Pubitemid 38174370)
79. R. Emsley, J. Rabinowitz, and R. Medori Remission in early psychosis: rates, predictors, and clinical and functional outcome correlates Schizophr. Res. 89 2007 129 139 (Pubitemid 44881311)
80. O. Engmann, and K.P. Giese Crosstalk between Cdk5 and GSK3beta: implications for Alzheimer's disease Front. Mol. Neurosci. 2 2009 2
81. O. Engmann, T. Hortobagyi, R. Pidsley, C. Troakes, H.G. Bernstein, M.R. Kreutz, J. Mill, M. Nikolic, and K.P. Giese Schizophrenia is associated with dysregulation of a Cdk5 activator that regulates synaptic protein expression and cognition Brain 134 2011 2408 2421
82. A. Etxeberria, J.M. Mangin, A. Aguirre, and V. Gallo Adult-born SVZ progenitors receive transient synapses during remyelination in corpus callosum Nat. Neurosci. 13 2010 287 289
83. S.H. Fatemi, A.V. Snow, J.M. Stary, M. Araghi-Niknam, T.J. Reutiman, S. Lee, A.I. Brooks, and D.A. Pearce Reelin signaling is impaired in autism Biol. Psychiatry 57 2005 777 787 (Pubitemid 40487922)
84. S.H. Fatemi, J.M. Stary, J.A. Earle, M. Araghi-Niknam, and E. Eagan GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia and mood disorders as reflected by decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa and reelin proteins in cerebellum Schizophr. Res. 72 2005 109 122 (Pubitemid 39550982)
85. S.H. Fatemi, T.J. Reutiman, and T.D. Folsom Chronic psychotropic drug treatment causes differential expression of Reelin signaling system in frontal cortex of rats Schizophr. Res. 111 2009 138 152
86. W. Fei, Y. Aixi, X. Danmou, K. Wusheng, P. Zhengren, and R. Ting The mood stabilizer valproic acid induces proliferation and myelination of rat Schwann cells Neurosci. Res. 70 2011 383 390
87. R.D. Fields, and G. Burnstock Purinergic signalling in neuron-glia interactions Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7 2006 423 436 (Pubitemid 44012283)
88. A.I. Flores, S.P. Narayanan, E.N. Morse, H.E. Shick, X. Yin, G. Kidd, R.L. Avila, D.A. Kirschner, and W.B. Macklin Constitutively active Akt induces enhanced myelination in the CNS J. Neurosci. 28 2008 7174 7183
89. G. Fragoso, J.D. Haines, J. Roberston, L. Pedraza, W.E. Mushynski, and G. Almazan p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is required for central nervous system myelination Glia 55 2007 1531 1541 (Pubitemid 47556257)
90. T.J. Frederick, and T.L. Wood IGF-I and FGF-2 coordinately enhance cyclin D1 and cyclin E-cdk2 association and activity to promote G1 progression in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells Mol. Cell Neurosci. 25 2004 480 492 (Pubitemid 38366413)
91. T.J. Frederick, J. Min, S.C. Altieri, N.E. Mitchell, and T.L. Wood Synergistic induction of cyclin D1 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by IGF-I and FGF-2 requires differential stimulation of multiple signaling pathways Glia 55 2007 1011 1022 (Pubitemid 47066741)
92. S. Freude, U. Leeser, M. Muller, M.M. Hettich, M. Udelhoven, K. Schilbach, K. Tobe, T. Kadowaki, C. Kohler, H. Schroder, W. Krone, J.C. Bruning, and M. Schubert IRS-2 branch of IGF-1 receptor signaling is essential for appropriate timing of myelination J. Neurochem. 107 2008 907 917
93. J.I. Friedman, C. Tang, D. Carpenter, M. Buchsbaum, J. Schmeidler, L. Flanagan, S. Golembo, I. Kanellopoulou, J. Ng, P.R. Hof, P.D. Harvey, N.D. Tsopelas, D. Stewart, and K.L. Davis Diffusion tensor imaging findings in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia patients Am. J. Psychiatry 165 2008 1024 1032
94. K. Fuxe, and L.F. Agnati K. Fuxe, L.F. Agnati, Volume Transmission in the Brain 1991 Raven New York 1 9
95. S.L. Fyffe-Maricich, J.C. Karlo, G.E. Landreth, and R.H. Miller The ERK2 mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates the timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation J. Neurosci. 31 2011 843 850
96. M.G. Garelick, and B.K. Kennedy TOR on the brain Exp. Gerontol. 46 2011 155 163
97. S. Goebbels, J.H. Oltrogge, R. Kemper, I. Heilmann, I. Bormuth, S. Wolfer, S.P. Wichert, W. Mobius, X. Liu, C. Lappe-Siefke, M.J. Rossner, M. Groszer, U. Suter, J. Frahm, S. Boretius, and K.A. Nave Elevated phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in glia triggers cell-autonomous membrane wrapping and myelination J. Neurosci. 30 2010 8953 8964
98. J.M. Gomez Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I as an endocrine axis in Alzheimer's disease Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets 8 2008 143 151
99. J.J. Graber, F.T. Sherman, H. Kaufmann, E.H. Kolodny, and S. Sathe Vitamin B12-responsive severe leukoencephalopathy and autonomic dysfunction in a patient with "normal" serum B12 levels J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 81 2011 1369 1371
100. S.J. Greco, S. Sarkar, G. Casadesus, X. Zhu, M.A. Smith, J.W. Ashford, J.M. Johnston, and N. Tezapsidis Leptin inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3beta to prevent tau phosphorylation in neuronal cells Neurosci. Lett. 455 2009 191 194
101. T.I. Gudz, H. Komuro, and W.B. Macklin Glutamate stimulates oligodendrocyte progenitor migration mediated via an alphav integrin/myelin proteolipid protein complex J. Neurosci. 26 2006 2458 2466 (Pubitemid 44699006)
102. A. Guidotti, J. Auta, Y. Chen, J.M. Davis, E. Dong, D.P. Gavin, D.R. Grayson, F. Matrisciano, G. Pinna, R. Satta, R.P. Sharma, L. Tremolizzo, and P. Tueting Epigenetic GABAergic targets in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder Neuropharmacology 60 2011 1007 1016
103. J.D. Haines, J. Fang, W.E. Mushynski, and G. Almazan Mitogen-activated protein kinase activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) participates in p38 MAPK regulated control of oligodendrocyte differentiation Glia 58 2010 1384 1393
104. D.E. Harrison, R. Strong, Z.D. Sharp, J.F. Nelson, C.M. Astle, K. Flurkey, N.L. Nadon, J.E. Wilkinson, K. Frenkel, C.S. Carter, M. Pahor, M.A. Javors, E. Fernandez, and R.A. Miller Rapamycin fed late in life extends lifespan in genetically heterogeneous mice Nature 460 2009 392 395
105. L.A. Harsan, J. Steibel, A. Zaremba, A. Agin, R. Sapin, P. Poulet, B. Guignard, N. Parizel, D. Grucker, N. Boehm, R.H. Miller, and M.S. Ghandour Recovery from chronic demyelination by thyroid hormone therapy: myelinogenesis induction and assessment by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging J. Neurosci. 28 2008 14189 14201
106. B.K. Hartman, H.C. Agrawal, D. Agrawal, and S. Kalmbach Development and maturation of central nervous system myelin: comparison of immunohistochemical localization of proteolipid protein and basic protein in myelin and oligodendrocytes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 79 1982 4217 4220 (Pubitemid 12043285)
107. J. Hendry, T. Devito, N. Gelman, M. Densmore, N. Rajakumar, W. Pavlosky, P.C. Williamson, P.M. Thompson, D.J. Drost, and R. Nicolson White matter abnormalities in autism detected through transverse relaxation time imaging Neuroimage 29 2006 1049 1057 (Pubitemid 43184169)
108. B.C. Ho, N.C. Andreasen, S. Ziebell, R. Pierson, and V. Magnotta Long-term antipsychotic treatment and brain volumes: a longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 68 2011 128 137
109. L.E. Hong, A. Summerfelt, B.D. Mitchell, R.P. McMahon, I. Wonodi, R.W. Buchanan, and G.K. Thaker Sensory gating endophenotype based on its neural oscillatory pattern and heritability estimate Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 65 2008 1008 1016
110. O.D. Howes, S.K. Bose, F. Turkheimer, I. Valli, A. Egerton, L.R. Valmaggia, R.M. Murray, and P. McGuire Dopamine synthesis capacity before onset of psychosis: a Prospective [18F]-DOPA PET imaging study Am. J. Psychiatry 2011 [Epub ahead of print]
111. L.S. Hsu, C.J. Liang, C.Y. Tseng, C.W. Yeh, and J.N. Tsai Zebrafish cyclin-dependent protein kinase-like 1 (zcdkl1): identification and functional characterization Int. J. Mol. Sci. 12 2011 3606 3617
112. F. Impagnatiello, A.R. Guidotti, C. Pesold, Y. Dwivedi, H. Caruncho, M.G. Pisu, D.P. Uzunov, N.R. Smalheiser, J.M. Davis, G.N. Pandey, G.D. Pappas, P. Tueting, R.P. Sharma, and E. Costa A decrease of reelin expression as a putative vulnerability factor in schizophrenia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 95 1998 15718 15723 (Pubitemid 29018766)
113. K. Jagannathan, V.D. Calhoun, J. Gelernter, M.C. Stevens, J. Liu, F. Bolognani, A. Windemuth, G. Ruano, M. Assaf, and G.D. Pearlson Genetic associations of brain structural networks in schizophrenia: a preliminary study Biol. Psychiatry 68 2010 657 666
114. R.S. Jope, and G.V. Johnson The glamour and gloom of glycogen synthase kinase-3 Trends Biochem. Sci. 29 2004 95 102 (Pubitemid 38186580)
115. T. Kaes Die Grosshirnrinde des Menschen in ihren Massen und in ihrem Fasergehalt 1907 Gustav Fisher Jena
116. U.G. Kang, M.S. Roh, J.R. Jung, S.Y. Shin, Y.H. Lee, J.B. Park, and Y.S. Kim Activation of protein kinase B (Akt) signaling after electroconvulsive shock in the rat hippocampus Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 28 2004 41 44 (Pubitemid 37548495)
117. R. Karadottir, and D. Attwell Neurotransmitter receptors in the life and death of oligodendrocytes Neuroscience 145 2007 1426 1438 (Pubitemid 46602726)
118. F. Karege, N. Perroud, S. Burkhardt, M. Schwald, E. Ballmann, R. La Harpe, and A. Malafosse Alteration in kinase activity but not in protein levels of protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in ventral prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide victims Biol. Psychiatry 61 2007 240 245 (Pubitemid 46072784)
119. F. Karege, N. Perroud, F. Schurhoff, A. Meary, G. Marillier, S. Burkhardt, E. Ballmann, R. Fernandez, S. Jamain, M. Leboyer, R. La Harpe, and A. Malafosse Association of AKT1 gene variants and protein expression in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder Genes Brain Behav. 9 2010 503 511
120. F. Karege, N. Perroud, S. Burkhardt, R. Fernandez, E. Ballmann, R. La Harpe, and A. Malafosse Alterations in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity and PTEN phosphatase in the prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide victims Neuropsychobiology 63 2011 224 231
121. S. Keith Use of long-acting risperidone in psychiatric disorders: focus on efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness Expert Rev. Neurother. 9 2009 9 31
122. T. Kemper Neuroanatomical and neuropathological changes during aging and dementia M. Albert, J. Knoefel, Clinical Neurology of Aging 1994 Oxford University Press New York 3 67
123. M.J. Kempton, J.R. Geddes, U. Ettinger, S.C. Williams, and P.M. Grasby Meta-analysis, database, and meta-regression of 98 structural imaging studies in bipolar disorder Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 65 2008 1017 1032
124. D. Kerns, G.S. Vong, K. Barley, S. Dracheva, P. Katsel, P. Casaccia, V. Haroutunian, and W. Byne Gene expression abnormalities and oligodendrocyte deficits in the internal capsule in schizophrenia Schizophr. Res. 120 2010 150 158
125. N. Kessaris, M. Fogarty, P. Iannarelli, M. Grist, M. Wegner, and W.D. Richardson Competing waves of oligodendrocytes in the forebrain and postnatal elimination of an embryonic lineage Nat. Neurosci. 9 2006 173 179 (Pubitemid 43164539)
126. A.J. Kim, Y. Shi, R.C. Austin, and G.H. Werstuck Valproate protects cells from ER stress-induced lipid accumulation and apoptosis by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 J. Cell Sci. 118 2005 89 99 (Pubitemid 40277107)
127. J.M. Kim, R. Stewart, S.W. Kim, I.S. Shin, S.J. Yang, H.Y. Shin, and J.S. Yoon Changes in folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine associated with incident dementia J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 79 2008 864 868
128. F. Kimura, and C. Itami Myelination and isochronicity in neural networks Front. Neuroanat. 3 2009 12
129. T. Klausberger, and P. Somogyi Neuronal diversity and temporal dynamics: the unity of hippocampal circuit operations Science 321 2008 53 57 (Pubitemid 351956237)
130. S. Kocherhans, A. Madhusudan, J. Doehner, K.S. Breu, R.M. Nitsch, J.M. Fritschy, and I. Knuesel Reduced Reelin expression accelerates amyloid-beta plaque formation and tau pathology in transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice J. Neurosci. 30 2010 9228 9240
131. K.C. Koenen, T.E. Moffitt, A.L. Roberts, L.T. Martin, L. Kubzansky, H. Harrington, R. Poulton, and A. Caspi Childhood IQ and adult mental disorders: a test of the cognitive reserve hypothesis Am. J. Psychiatry 166 2009 50 57
132. K. Kolodziejczyk, A.S. Saab, K.A. Nave, and D. Attwell Why do oligodendrocyte lineage cells express glutamate receptors? F1000 Biol. Rep. 2 2010 57
133. G.T. Konopaske, K.A. Dorph-Petersen, R.A. Sweet, J.N. Pierri, W. Zhang, A.R. Sampson, and D.A. Lewis Effect of chronic antipsychotic exposure on astrocyte and oligodendrocyte numbers in macaque monkeys Biol. Psychiatry 63 2008 759 765 (Pubitemid 351400762)
134. P.L. Kramer, H. Xu, R.L. Woltjer, S.K. Westaway, D. Clark, D. Erten-Lyons, J.A. Kaye, K.A. Welsh-Bohmer, J.C. Troncoso, W.R. Markesbery, R.C. Petersen, R.S. Turner, W.A. Kukull, D.A. Bennett, D. Galasko, J.C. Morris, and J. Ott Alzheimer disease pathology in cognitively healthy elderly: a genome-wide study Neurobiol. Aging 32 2011 2113 2122
135. S. Kumar, M.A. Kahn, L. Dinh, and J. de Vellis NT-3-mediated TrkC receptor activation promotes proliferation and cell survival of rodent progenitor oligodendrocyte cells in vitro and in vivo J. Neurosci. Res. 54 1998 754 765 (Pubitemid 28544376)
136. W.S. Lai, B. Xu, K.G. Westphal, M. Paterlini, B. Olivier, P. Pavlidis, M. Karayiorgou, and J.A. Gogos Akt1 deficiency affects neuronal morphology and predisposes to abnormalities in prefrontal cortex functioning Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 103 2006 16906 16911 (Pubitemid 44737351)
137. D. Larocque, A. Galarneau, H.N. Liu, M. Scott, G. Almazan, and S. Richard Protection of p27(Kip1) mRNA by quaking RNA binding proteins promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation Nat. Neurosci. 8 2005 27 33 (Pubitemid 41236728)
138. M. Lebel, C. Patenaude, J. Allyson, G. Massicotte, and M. Cyr Dopamine D1 receptor activation induces tau phosphorylation via cdk5 and GSK3 signaling pathways Neuropharmacology 57 2009 392 402
139. D. Lesuisse, G. Dutruc-Rosset, G. Tiraboschi, M.K. Dreyer, S. Maignan, A. Chevalier, F. Halley, P. Bertrand, M.C. Burgevin, D. Quarteronet, and T. Rooney Rational design of potent GSK3beta inhibitors with selectivity for Cdk1 and Cdk2 Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20 2010 1985 1989
140. J.M. Levine, R. Reynolds, and J.W. Fawcett The oligodendrocyte precursor cell in health and disease Trends Neurosci. 24 2001 39 47 (Pubitemid 32332895)
141. X. Li, and R.S. Jope Is glycogen synthase kinase-3 a central modulator in mood regulation? Neuropsychopharmacology 35 2010 2143 2154
142. X. Li, K.M. Rosborough, A.B. Friedman, W. Zhu, and K.A. Roth Regulation of mouse brain glycogen synthase kinase-3 by atypical antipsychotics Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 10 2007 7 19 (Pubitemid 46122748)
143. N. Li, B. Lee, R.J. Liu, M. Banasr, J.M. Dwyer, M. Iwata, X.Y. Li, G. Aghajanian, and R.S. Duman mTOR-dependent synapse formation underlies the rapid antidepressant effects of NMDA antagonists Science 329 2010 959 964
144. X. Li, M. Liu, Z. Cai, G. Wang, and X. Li Regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 during bipolar mania treatment Bipolar Disord. 12 2010 741 752
145. J. Lieberman, D. Jody, S. Geisler, J. Alvir, A. Loebel, S. Szymanski, M. Woerner, and M. Borenstein Time course and biologic correlates of treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50 1993 369 376 (Pubitemid 23143126)
146. K. Linkenkaer-Hansen, D.J. Smit, A. Barkil, T.E. van Beijsterveldt, A.B. Brussaard, D.I. Boomsma, A. van Ooyen, and E.J. de Geus Genetic contributions to long-range temporal correlations in ongoing oscillations J. Neurosci. 27 2007 13882 13889 (Pubitemid 350278270)
147. M. Llorens-Martin, I. Torres-Aleman, and J.L. Trejo Exercise modulates insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent and -independent effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and behaviour Mol. Cell Neurosci. 44 2010 109 117
148. L. Luo, and E.G. Stopa Thyrotropin releasing hormone inhibits tau phosphorylation by dual signaling pathways in hippocampal neurons J. Alzheimers Dis. 6 2004 527 536 (Pubitemid 40916694)
149. L. Luo, N. Yano, Q. Mao, I.M. Jackson, and E.G. Stopa Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in the hippocampus of Alzheimer patients J. Alzheimers Dis. 4 2002 97 103 (Pubitemid 34578705)
150. H.R. Luo, H. Hattori, M.A. Hossain, L. Hester, Y. Huang, W. Lee-Kwon, M. Donowitz, E. Nagata, and S.H. Snyder Akt as a mediator of cell death Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 100 2003 11712 11717 (Pubitemid 37206000)
151. T. Ma, C.A. Hoeffer, E. Capetillo-Zarate, F. Yu, H. Wong, M.T. Lin, D. Tampellini, E. Klann, R.D. Blitzer, and G.K. Gouras Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease PLoS One 5 2010 e12845
152. J.M. Mangin, and V. Gallo The curious case of NG2 cells: transient trend or game changer? ASN Neuro 3 2011 e00052
153. L. Marner, J.R. Nyengaard, Y. Tang, and B. Pakkenberg Marked loss of myelinated nerve fibers in the human brain with age J. Comp. Neurol. 462 2003 144 152 (Pubitemid 36723664)
154. G. Marwarha, B. Dasari, J.R. Prasanthi, J. Schommer, and O. Ghribi Leptin reduces the accumulation of Abeta and phosphorylated tau induced by 27-hydroxycholesterol in rabbit organotypic slices J. Alzheimers Dis. 19 2010 1007 1019
155. G. Mazzoccoli, V. Pazienza, A. Piepoli, L.A. Muscarella, M. Inglese, A. De Cata, F. Giuliani, and R. Tarquini Hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis function in healthy aging J. Biol. Regul. Homeost Agents 24 2010 433 439
156. A.M. McIntosh, J. Hall, G.K. Lymer, J.E. Sussmann, and S.M. Lawrie Genetic risk for white matter abnormalities in bipolar disorder Int. Rev. Psychiatry 21 2009 387 393
157. A. McQuillin, M. Rizig, and H.M. Gurling A microarray gene expression study of the molecular pharmacology of lithium carbonate on mouse brain mRNA to understand the neurobiology of mood stabilization and treatment of bipolar affective disorder Pharmacogenet. Genomics 17 2007 605 617 (Pubitemid 47057710)
158. M. Medina, and F. Wandosell Deconstructing GSK-3: the fine regulation of its activity Int. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2011 2011 479249
159. H.Y. Meltzer, and B.W. Massey The role of serotonin receptors in the action of atypical antipsychotic drugs Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 11 2011 59 67
160. J.S. Miller, R.J. Tallarida, and E.M. Unterwald Cocaine-induced hyperactivity and sensitization are dependent on GSK3 Neuropharmacology 56 2009 1116 1123
161. J.S. Miller, R.J. Tallarida, and E.M. Unterwald Inhibition of GSK3 attenuates dopamine D1 receptor agonist-induced hyperactivity in mice Brain Res. Bull. 82 2010 184 187
162. S. Mitew, M.T. Kirkcaldie, G.M. Halliday, C.E. Shepherd, J.C. Vickers, and T.C. Dickson Focal demyelination in Alzheimer's disease and transgenic mouse models Acta Neuropathol. 119 2010 567 577
163. Y. Miyamoto, J. Yamauchi, J.R. Chan, A. Okada, Y. Tomooka, S. Hisanaga, and A. Tanoue Cdk5 regulates differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells through the direct phosphorylation of paxillin J. Cell Sci. 120 2007 4355 4366
164. S.P. Narayanan, A.I. Flores, F. Wang, and W.B. Macklin Akt signals through the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway to regulate CNS myelination J. Neurosci. 29 2009 6860 6870
165. N. Narimatsu, N. Harada, H. Kurihara, N. Nakagata, K. Sobue, and K. Okajima Donepezil improves cognitive function in mice by increasing the production of insulin-like growth factor-I in the hippocampus J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 330 2009 2 12
166. J.M. Newbern, X. Li, S.E. Shoemaker, J. Zhou, J. Zhong, Y. Wu, D. Bonder, S. Hollenback, G. Coppola, D.H. Geschwind, G.E. Landreth, and W.D. Snider Specific functions for ERK/MAPK signaling during PNS development Neuron 69 2011 91 105
167. K.K. Nicodemus, A.J. Law, E. Radulescu, A. Luna, B. Kolachana, R. Vakkalanka, D. Rujescu, I. Giegling, R.E. Straub, K. McGee, B. Gold, M. Dean, P. Muglia, J.H. Callicott, H.Y. Tan, and D.R. Weinberger Biological validation of increased schizophrenia risk with NRG1, ERBB4, and AKT1 epistasis via functional neuroimaging in healthy controls Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 67 2011 991 1001
168. V. Nicolia, A. Fuso, R.A. Cavallaro, A. Di Luzio, and S. Scarpa B vitamin deficiency promotes tau phosphorylation through regulation of GSK3beta and PP2A J. Alzheimers Dis. 19 2011 895 907
169. J. Niu, F. Mei, N. Li, H. Wang, X. Li, J. Kong, and L. Xiao Haloperidol promotes proliferation but inhibits differentiation in rat oligodendrocyte progenitor cell cultures Biochem. Cell Biol. 88 2010 611 620
170. M. Noble, A. Arhin, D. Gass, and M. Mayer-Proschel The cortical ancestry of oligodendrocytes: common principles and novel features Dev. Neurosci. 25 2003 217 233 (Pubitemid 37100215)
171. K.H. Nuechterlein, D.J. Miklowitz, J. Ventura, M.J. Gitlin, M. Stoddard, and D. Lukoff Classifying episodes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: criteria for relapse and remission applied to recent-onset samples Psychiatry Res. 144 2006 153 166 (Pubitemid 44666170)
172. J. O'Kusky, and M. Colonnier Postnatal changes in the number of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the visual cortex (area 17) of the macaque monkey: a stereological analysis in normal and monocularly deprived animals J. Comp. Neurol. 210 1982 307 315 (Pubitemid 12036973)
173. R.P. Obermayr, L. Mayerhofer, M. Knechtelsdorfer, N. Mersich, E.R. Huber, G. Geyer, and K.H. Tragl The age-related down-regulation of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis in the elderly male is reversed considerably by donepezil, a drug for Alzheimer's disease Exp. Gerontol. 40 2005 157 163 (Pubitemid 40343006)
174. J.Q. Pan, M.C. Lewis, J.K. Ketterman, E.L. Clore, M. Riley, K.R. Richards, E. Berry-Scott, X. Liu, F.F. Wagner, E.B. Holson, R.L. Neve, T.L. Biechele, R.T. Moon, E.M. Scolnick, T.L. Petryshen, and S.J. Haggarty AKT kinase activity is required for lithium to modulate mood-related behaviors in mice Neuropsychopharmacology 36 2011 1397 1411
175. M. Parent, M.J. Wallman, and L. Descarries Distribution and ultrastructural features of the serotonin innervation in rat and squirrel monkey subthalamic nucleus Eur. J. Neurosci. 31 2010 1233 1242
176. A.E. Pekary, H.E. Carlson, T. Yamada, B. Sharp, P.G. Walfish, and J.M. Hershman Thyrotropin-releasing hormone levels decrease in hypothalamus of aging rats Neurobiol. Aging 5 1984 221 226 (Pubitemid 15221608)
177. A.E. Pekary, A. Sattin, and L.L. RL Electroconvulsive seizures increase levels of pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2 (EEP) in rat brain Peptides 20 1999 107 119 (Pubitemid 29158802)
178. A.E. Pekary, A. Sattin, and S.A. Stevens Rapid modulation of TRH-like peptides in rat brain by thyroid hormones Peptides 27 2006 1577 1588
179. A.E. Pekary, A. Sattin, and J. Blood Rapid modulation of TRH and TRH-like peptide release in rat brain and peripheral tissues by leptin Brain Res. 1345 2010 9 18
180. A. Peters The effects of normal aging on myelinated nerve fibers in monkey central nervous system Front. Neuroanat. 3 2009 11
181. A. Peters, and C. Sethares Is there remyelination during aging of the primate central nervous system? J. Comp. Neurol. 460 2003 238 254 (Pubitemid 36512933)
182. A. Peters, and C. Sethares Oligodendrocytes, their progenitors and other neuroglial cells in the aging primate cerebral cortex Cereb. Cortex 14 2004 995 1007 (Pubitemid 39121361)
183. A. Peters, A. Verderosa, and C. Sethares The neuroglial population in the primary visual cortex of the aging rhesus monkey Glia 56 2008 1151 1161
184. S.L. Pimlott, M. Piggott, J. Owens, E. Greally, J.A. Court, E. Jaros, R.H. Perry, E.K. Perry, and D. Wyper Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor distribution in Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, and Vascular dementia: in vitro binding study using 5-[(125)I]-A-85380 Neuropsychopharmacology 29 2004 108 116 (Pubitemid 38068020)
185. M.D. Pinazo-Duran, S. Pons-Vazquez, R. Gallego-Pinazo, C. Galbis Estrada, V. Zanon-Moreno, V. Vila Bou, and P. Sanz Solana Thyroid hormone deficiency disrupts rat eye neurodevelopment Brain Res. 1392 2011 16 26
186. A. Polter, E. Beurel, S. Yang, R. Garner, L. Song, C.A. Miller, J.D. Sweatt, L. McMahon, A.A. Bartolucci, X. Li, and R.S. Jope Deficiency in the inhibitory serine-phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 increases sensitivity to mood disturbances Neuropsychopharmacology 35 2010 1761 1774
187. J. Power, M. Mayer-Proschel, J. Smith, and M. Noble Oligodendrocyte precursor cells from different brain regions express divergent properties consistent with the differing time courses of myelination in these regions Dev. Biol. 245 2002 362 375 (Pubitemid 34521608)
188. D. Purves, and J.W. Lichtman Elimination of synapses in the developing nervous system Science 210 1980 153 157
189. M.C. Raff, L.E. Lillien, W.D. Richardson, J.F. Burne, and M.D. Noble Platelet-derived growth factor from astrocytes drives the clock that times oligodendrocyte development in culture Nature 333 1988 562 565
190. G. Rajkowska, A. Halaris, and L.D. Selemon Reductions in neuronal and glial density characterize the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder Biol. Psychiatry 49 2001 741 752 (Pubitemid 32452295)
191. W.T. Regenold, P. Phatak, C.M. Marano, L. Gearhart, C.H. Viens, and K.C. Hisley Myelin staining of deep white matter in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and unipolar major depression Psychiatry Res. 151 2007 179 188 (Pubitemid 46829420)
192. K. Rehani, D.A. Scott, D. Renaud, H. Hamza, L.R. Williams, H. Wang, and M. Martin Cotinine-induced convergence of the cholinergic and PI3 kinase-dependent anti-inflammatory pathways in innate immune cells Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1783 2008 375 382
193. J.E. Rinholm, N.B. Hamilton, N. Kessaris, W.D. Richardson, L.H. Bergersen, and D. Attwell Regulation of oligodendrocyte development and myelination by glucose and lactate J. Neurosci. 31 2011 538 548
194. D.G. Robinson, M.G. Woerner, M. McMeniman, A. Mendelowitz, and R.M. Bilder Symptomatic and functional recovery from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder Am. J. Psychiatry 161 2004 473 479 (Pubitemid 38326102)
195. M.S. Roh, U.G. Kang, S.Y. Shin, Y.H. Lee, H.Y. Jung, Y.S. Juhnn, and Y.S. Kim Biphasic changes in the Ser-9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta after electroconvulsive shock in the rat brain Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 27 2003 1 5 (Pubitemid 36126640)
196. S.D. Roosendaal, B. Moraal, P.J. Pouwels, H. Vrenken, J.A. Castelijns, F. Barkhof, and J.J. Geurts Accumulation of cortical lesions in MS: relation with cognitive impairment Mult. Scler. 15 2009 708 714
197. U. Rutishauser, I.B. Ross, A.N. Mamelak, and E.M. Schuman Human memory strength is predicted by theta-frequency phase-locking of single neurons Nature 464 2010 903 907
198. M. Salami, C. Itami, T. Tsumoto, and F. Kimura Change of conduction velocity by regional myelination yields constant latency irrespective of distance between thalamus and cortex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 100 2003 6174 6179 (Pubitemid 36576950)
199. D.H. Salat, D.S. Tuch, D.N. Greve, A.J. van der Kouwe, N.D. Hevelone, A.K. Zaleta, B.R. Rosen, B. Fischl, S. Corkin, H.D. Rosas, and A.M. Dale Age-related alterations in white matter microstructure measured by diffusion tensor imaging Neurobiol. Aging 26 2005 1215 1227 (Pubitemid 40726015)
200. B. Saravanan, K.S. Jacob, S. Johnson, M. Prince, D. Bhugra, and A.S. David Outcome of first-episode schizophrenia in India: longitudinal study of effect of insight and psychopathology Br. J. Psychiatry 196 2010 454 459
201. A. Sattin The role of TRH and related peptides in the mechanism of action of ECT J. Ect. 15 1999 76 92 (Pubitemid 29318095)
202. C.M. Schoonover, M.M. Seibel, D.M. Jolson, M.J. Stack, R.J. Rahman, C.N. Mariash, and G.W. Anderson Thyroid hormone regulates oligodendrocyte accumulation in developing rat brain white matter tracts Endocrinology 145 2004 5013 5020 (Pubitemid 39551120)
203. P. Seeman Dopamine D2 receptors as treatment targets in schizophrenia Clin. Schizophr. Relat. Psychoses 4 2010 56 73
204. Y. Sei, Z. Li, J. Song, R. Ren-Patterson, E.M. Tunbridge, Y. Iizuka, M. Inoue, B.T. Alfonso, S. Beltaifa, Y. Nakai, B.S. Kolachana, J. Chen, and D.R. Weinberger Epistatic and functional interactions of catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) and AKT1 on neuregulin1-ErbB signaling in cell models PLoS One 5 2010 e10789
205. L.D. Selemon, G. Rajkowska, and P.S. Goldman-Rakic Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex. A morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17 Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 52 1995 805 818 discussion 819-820
206. L.D. Selemon, G. Rajkowska, and P.S. Goldman-Rakic Elevated neuronal density in prefrontal area 46 in brains from schizophrenic patients: application of a three-dimensional, stereologic counting method J. Comp. Neurol. 392 1998 402 412 (Pubitemid 28165894)
207. L.D. Selemon, M.S. Lidow, and P.S. Goldman-Rakic Increased volume and glial density in primate prefrontal cortex associated with chronic antipsychotic drug exposure Biol. Psychiatry 46 1999 161 172 (Pubitemid 29320067)
208. S. Shen, J. Sandoval, V.A. Swiss, J. Li, J. Dupree, R.J. Franklin, and P. Casaccia-Bonnefil Age-dependent epigenetic control of differentiation inhibitors is critical for remyelination efficiency Nat. Neurosci. 11 2008 1024 1034
209. J.R. Siebert, and D.J. Osterhout Oligodendroglial cells express and secrete reelin Anat. Rec. (Hoboken) 294 2011 759 763
210. B. Simon, S. Schmidt, C. Lukas, J. Gieseke, F. Traber, D.L. Knol, W.A. Willinek, J.J. Geurts, H.H. Schild, F. Barkhof, and M.P. Wattjes Improved in vivo detection of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis using double inversion recovery MR imaging at 3 Tesla Eur. Radiol. 20 2010 1675 1683
211. C. Simon, M. Gotz, and L. Dimou Progenitors in the adult cerebral cortex: cell cycle properties and regulation by physiological stimuli and injury Glia 59 2011 869 881
212. J.B. Smaers, J. Steele, C.R. Case, A. Cowper, K. Amunts, and K. Zilles Primate prefrontal cortex evolution: human brains are the extreme of a lateralized ape trend Brain Behav. Evol. 77 2011 67 78
213. J.F. Smiley, A.I. Levey, B.J. Ciliax, and P.S. Goldman-Rakic D1 dopamine receptor immunoreactivity in human and monkey cerebral cortex: predominant and extrasynaptic localization in dendritic spines Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 91 1994 5720 5724
214. R.S. Smith, and Z.J. Koles Myelinated nerve fibers: computed effect of myelin thickness on conduction velocity Am. J. Physiol. 219 1970 1256 1258
215. B. Sole, A. Martinez-Aran, C. Torrent, C.M. Bonnin, M. Reinares, D. Popovic, J. Sanchez-Moreno, and E. Vieta Are bipolar II patients cognitively impaired? A systematic review Psychol. Med. 2011 1 13
216. N. Solowij, M. Yucel, C. Respondek, S. Whittle, E. Lindsay, C. Pantelis, and D.I. Lubman Cerebellar white-matter changes in cannabis users with and without schizophrenia Psychol. Med. 41 2011 2349 2359
217. B.R. Souza, M.A. Romano-Silva, and V. Tropepe Dopamine D2 receptor activity modulates Akt signaling and alters GABAergic neuron development and motor behavior in zebrafish larvae J. Neurosci. 31 2011 5512 5525
218. P. Spilman, N. Podlutskaya, M.J. Hart, J. Debnath, O. Gorostiza, D. Bredesen, A. Richardson, R. Strong, and V. Galvan Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin abolishes cognitive deficits and reduces amyloid-beta levels in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease PLoS One 5 2010 e9979
219. K. Spittaels, C. Van den Haute, J. Van Dorpe, D. Terwel, K. Vandezande, R. Lasrado, K. Bruynseels, M. Irizarry, M. Verhoye, J. Van Lint, J.R. Vandenheede, D. Ashton, M. Mercken, R. Loos, B. Hyman, A. Van der Linden, H. Geerts, and F. Van Leuven Neonatal neuronal overexpression of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta reduces brain size in transgenic mice Neuroscience 113 2002 797 808 (Pubitemid 35245250)
220. A.K. Stark, H.B. Uylings, E. Sanz-Arigita, and B. Pakkenberg Glial cell loss in the anterior cingulate cortex, a subregion of the prefrontal cortex, in subjects with schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry 161 2004 882 888 (Pubitemid 38625342)
221. A.M. Stranahan, S. Salas-Vega, N.T. Jiam, and M. Gallagher Interference with reelin signaling in the lateral entorhinal cortex impairs spatial memory Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 96 2011 150 155
222. K.L. Subotnik, K.H. Nuechterlein, J. Ventura, M.J. Gitlin, S.R. Marder, J. Mintz, G.S. Hellemann, L.A. Thornton, and I.R. Singh Risperidone nonadherence and return of positive symptoms in the early course of schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry 168 2011 286 292
223. C. Sutherland What are the bona fide GSK3 Substrates? Int. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2011 2011 505607
224. M.P. Szuba, J.D. Amsterdam, A.T. Fernando 3rd, K.A. Gary, P.C. Whybrow, and A. Winokur Rapid antidepressant response after nocturnal TRH administration in patients with bipolar type I and bipolar type II major depression J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 25 2005 325 330 (Pubitemid 41060251)
225. M. Tamura, M. Nakamura, Y. Ogawa, Y. Toyama, M. Miura, and H. Okano Targeted expression of anti-apoptotic protein p35 in oligodendrocytes reduces delayed demyelination and functional impairment after spinal cord injury Glia 51 2005 312 321 (Pubitemid 41532107)
226. E. Tei, H. Yamamoto, T. Watanabe, A. Miyazaki, T. Nakadate, N. Kato, and M. Mimura Use of serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels to predict psychiatric non-response to donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease Growth Horm. IGF Res. 18 2008 47 54 (Pubitemid 351232690)
227. C.M. Teixeira, E.D. Martin, I. Sahun, N. Masachs, L. Pujadas, A. Corvelo, C. Bosch, D. Rossi, A. Martinez, R. Maldonado, M. Dierssen, and E. Soriano Overexpression of reelin prevents the manifestation of behavioral phenotypes related to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder Neuropsychopharmacology 36 2011 2395 2405
228. D.L. Thiselton, V.I. Vladimirov, P.H. Kuo, J. McClay, B. Wormley, A. Fanous, F.A. O'Neill, D. Walsh, E.J. Van den Oord, K.S. Kendler, and B.P. Riley AKT1 is associated with schizophrenia across multiple symptom dimensions in the Irish study of high density schizophrenia families Biol. Psychiatry 63 2008 449 457 (Pubitemid 351220788)
229. G.M. Thomas, S. Frame, M. Goedert, I. Nathke, P. Polakis, and P. Cohen A GSK3-binding peptide from FRAT1 selectively inhibits the GSK3-catalysed phosphorylation of axin and beta-catenin FEBS Lett. 458 1999 247 251 (Pubitemid 29428192)
230. T.M. Thornton, G. Pedraza-Alva, B. Deng, C.D. Wood, A. Aronshtam, J.L. Clements, G. Sabio, R.J. Davis, D.E. Matthews, B. Doble, and M. Rincon Phosphorylation by p38 MAPK as an alternative pathway for GSK3beta inactivation Science 320 2008 667 670 (Pubitemid 351928349)
231. J. Tiihonen, J. Haukka, M. Taylor, P.M. Haddad, M.X. Patel, and P. Korhonen A nationwide cohort study of oral and depot antipsychotics after first hospitalization for schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry 168 2011 603 609
232. M.C. Tobias, J. O'Neill, M. Hudkins, G. Bartzokis, A.C. Dean, and E.D. London White-matter abnormalities in brain during early abstinence from methamphetamine abuse Psychopharmacology (Berl) 209 2010 13 24
233. X.P. Tong, X.Y. Li, B. Zhou, W. Shen, Z.J. Zhang, T.L. Xu, and S. Duan Ca(2+) signaling evoked by activation of Na(+) channels and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers is required for GABA-induced NG2 cell migration J. Cell Biol. 186 2009 113 128
234. E.F. Torrey, B.M. Barci, M.J. Webster, J.J. Bartko, J.H. Meador-Woodruff, and M.B. Knable Neurochemical markers for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression in postmortem brains Biol. Psychiatry 57 2005 252 260 (Pubitemid 40187369)
235. M.H. Trivedi, T.L. Greer, T.S. Church, T.J. Carmody, B.D. Grannemann, D.I. Galper, A.L. Dunn, C.P. Earnest, P. Sunderajan, S.S. Henley, and S.N. Blair Exercise as an augmentation treatment for nonremitted major depressive disorder: a randomized, parallel dose comparison J. Clin. Psychiatry 72 2011 677 684
236. W.A. Tyler, N. Gangoli, P. Gokina, H.A. Kim, M. Covey, S.W. Levison, and T.L. Wood Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is essential for oligodendrocyte differentiation J. Neurosci. 29 2009 6367 6378
237. P.J. Uhlhaas, and W. Singer Abnormal neural oscillations and synchrony in schizophrenia Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 11 2010 100 113
238. D. Umbriaco, S. Garcia, C. Beaulieu, and L. Descarries Relational features of acetylcholine, noradrenaline, serotonin and GABA axon terminals in the stratum radiatum of adult rat hippocampus (CA1) Hippocampus 5 1995 605 620 (Pubitemid 26088292)
239. N.A. Uranova, V.M. Vostrikov, D.D. Orlovskaya, and V.I. Rachmanova Oligodendroglial density in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and mood disorders: a study from the Stanley neuropathology consortium Schizophr. Res. 67 2004 269 275 (Pubitemid 38251458)
240. N.A. Uranova, O.V. Vikhreva, V.I. Rachmanova, and D.D. Orlovskaya Ultrastructural alterations of myelinated fibers and oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia: a postmortem morphometric study Schizophrenia Res. Treat. 2011 2011
241. A.C. van der Schot, R. Vonk, R.G. Brans, N.E. van Haren, P.C. Koolschijn, V. Nuboer, H.G. Schnack, G.C. van Baal, D.I. Boomsma, W.A. Nolen, H.E. Hulshoff Pol, and R.S. Kahn Influence of genes and environment on brain volumes in twin pairs concordant and discordant for bipolar disorder Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 66 2009 142 151
242. A. Van't Veer, Y. Du, T.Z. Fischer, D.R. Boetig, M.R. Wood, and C.F. Dreyfus Brain-derived neurotrophic factor effects on oligodendrocyte progenitors of the basal forebrain are mediated through trkB and the MAP kinase pathway J. Neurosci. Res. 87 2009 69 78
243. D.B. Vaupel, S.R. Tella, D.L. Huso, V.O. Wagner 3rd, A.G. Mukhin, S.I. Chefer, A.G. Horti, E.D. London, A.O. Koren, and A.S. Kimes Pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of 2-fluoro-3-(2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (2-F-A-85380), a ligand for imaging cerebral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with positron emission tomography J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 312 2005 355 365 (Pubitemid 40096489)
244. M. Velez-Fort, P.P. Maldonado, A.M. Butt, E. Audinat, and M.C. Angulo Postnatal switch from synaptic to extrasynaptic transmission between interneurons and NG2 cells J. Neurosci. 30 2010 6921 6929
245. G. Venkatasubramanian, S. Chittiprol, N. Neelakantachar, T. Shetty, and B.N. Gangadhar Effect of antipsychotic treatment on Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and cortisol in schizophrenia: a longitudinal study Schizophr. Res. 119 2010 131 137
246. A. Venneri, and R. Lane Effects of cholinesterase inhibition on brain white matter volume in Alzheimer's disease Neuroreport 20 2009 285 288
247. V. Vostrikov, and N. Uranova Age-related increase in the number of oligodendrocytes is dysregulated in schizophrenia and mood disorders Schizophrenia Res. Treat. 2011 2011
248. V.M. Vostrikov, N.A. Uranova, and D.D. Orlovskaya Deficit of perineuronal oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and mood disorders Schizophr. Res. 94 2007 273 280 (Pubitemid 47031593)
249. M. Wallis Molecular evolution of the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone precursor in vertebrates: insights from comparative genomics J. Neuroendocrinol. 22 2010 608 619
250. H. Wang, H. Xu, J. Niu, F. Mei, X. Li, J. Kong, W. Cai, and L. Xiao Haloperidol activates quiescent oligodendroglia precursor cells in the adult mouse brain Schizophr. Res. 119 2010 164 174
251. H. Wang, J. Brown, Z. Gu, C.A. Garcia, R. Liang, P. Alard, E. Beurel, R.S. Jope, T. Greenway, and M. Martin Convergence of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1- and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta-signaling pathways regulates the innate inflammatory response J. Immunol. 186 2011 5217 5226
252. H. Wang, J. Brown, and M. Martin Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a point of convergence for the host inflammatory response Cytokine 53 2011 130 140
253. J. Wedenoja, A. Tuulio-Henriksson, J. Suvisaari, A. Loukola, T. Paunio, T. Partonen, T. Varilo, J. Lonnqvist, and L. Peltonen Replication of association between working memory and reelin, a potential modifier gene in schizophrenia Biol. Psychiatry 67 2010 983 991
254. Y. Wen, E. Planel, M. Herman, H.Y. Figueroa, L. Wang, L. Liu, L.F. Lau, W.H. Yu, and K.E. Duff Interplay between cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta mediated by neuregulin signaling leads to differential effects on tau phosphorylation and amyloid precursor protein processing J. Neurosci. 28 2008 2624 2632 (Pubitemid 351348188)
255. M. Wennstrom, J. Hellsten, C.T. Ekdahl, and A. Tingstrom Electroconvulsive seizures induce proliferation of NG2-expressing glial cells in adult rat hippocampus Biol. Psychiatry 54 2003 1015 1024 (Pubitemid 37415036)
256. M. Wennstrom, J. Hellsten, and A. Tingstrom Electroconvulsive seizures induce proliferation of NG2-expressing glial cells in adult rat amygdala Biol. Psychiatry 55 2004 464 471 (Pubitemid 38338533)
257. T. White, V.A. Magnotta, H.J. Bockholt, S. Williams, S. Wallace, S. Ehrlich, B.A. Mueller, B.C. Ho, R.E. Jung, V.P. Clark, J. Lauriello, J.R. Bustillo, S.C. Schulz, R.L. Gollub, N.C. Andreasen, V.D. Calhoun, and K.O. Lim Global white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia: a multisite diffusion tensor imaging study Schizophr. Bull. 37 2011 222 232
258. S. Williams, and P. Boksa Gamma oscillations and schizophrenia J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 35 2010 75 77
259. D. Xi, Y.C. Li, M.A. Snyder, R.Y. Gao, A.E. Adelman, W. Zhang, J.S. Shumsky, and W.J. Gao Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist ameliorates MK801-induced dysfunction of NMDA receptors via the Akt/GSK-3beta pathway in adult rat prefrontal cortex Neuropsychopharmacology 36 2011 1260 1274
260. H. Xu, H.J. Yang, B. McConomy, R. Browning, and X.M. Li Behavioral and neurobiological changes in C57BL/6 mouse exposed to cuprizone: effects of antipsychotics Front. Behav. Neurosci. 4 2010 8
261. H.-J. Yang, L. Wang, Q. Cheng, and H. Xu Abnormal behaviors and micro-structural changes in white matter of juvenile mice repeatedly exposed to amphetamine Schizophrenia Res. Treat. 2011 2011
262. P. Ye, Q. Hu, H. Liu, Y. Yan, and A.J. D'Ercole beta-catenin mediates insulin-like growth factor-I actions to promote cyclin D1 mRNA expression, cell proliferation and survival in oligodendroglial cultures Glia 58 2010 1031 1041
263. Y. Yu, A.J. Kastin, and W. Pan Reciprocal interactions of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in receptor-mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier Endocrinology 147 2006 2611 2615 (Pubitemid 43764592)
264. M. Yu, S.P. Narayanan, F. Wang, E. Morse, W.B. Macklin, and N.S. Peachey Visual abnormalities associated with enhanced optic nerve myelination Brain Res. 1374 2011 36 42
265. X. Yuan, A.M. Eisen, C.J. McBain, and V. Gallo A role for glutamate and its receptors in the regulation of oligodendrocyte development in cerebellar tissue slices Development 125 1998 2901 2914 (Pubitemid 28410214)
266. J. Zanelli, A. Reichenberg, K. Morgan, P. Fearon, E. Kravariti, P. Dazzan, C. Morgan, C. Zanelli, A. Demjaha, P.B. Jones, G.A. Doody, S. Kapur, and R.M. Murray Specific and generalized neuropsychological deficits: a comparison of patients with various first-episode psychosis presentations Am. J. Psychiatry 167 2010 78 85
267. W.Q. Zhao, and M. Townsend Insulin resistance and amyloidogenesis as common molecular foundation for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1792 2009 482 496
268. Z. Zhao, H. Ksiezak-Reding, S. Riggio, V. Haroutunian, and G.M. Pasinetti Insulin receptor deficits in schizophrenia and in cellular and animal models of insulin receptor dysfunction Schizophr. Res. 84 2006 1 14
269. J.M. Zhuo, G.S. Portugal, W.D. Kruger, H. Wang, T.J. Gould, and D. Pratico Diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia increases amyloid-beta formation and deposition in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Curr. Alzheimer Res. 7 2011 140 149
270. J.L. Ziskin, A. Nishiyama, M. Rubio, M. Fukaya, and D.E. Bergles Vesicular release of glutamate from unmyelinated axons in white matter Nat. Neurosci. 10 2007 321 330
271. R. Zoncu, A. Efeyan, and D.M. Sabatini mTOR: from growth signal integration to cancer, diabetes and ageing Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 12 2011 21 35