Neurochemical markers for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression in postmortem brains

Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 57, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 252-260

  Torrey, E Fuller ^a,c   Barci, Beata M ^a   Webster, Maree J ^a   Bartko, John J ^a   Meador Woodruff, James H ^b   Knable, Michael B ^a  

^a UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bipolar disorder; depression; parvalbumin; reelin; schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CALBINDIN; CATECHOLAMINE; DOPAMINE 5 RECEPTOR; DYNORPHIN; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 67; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3BETA; KAINIC ACID RECEPTOR; NEUROMODULIN; NEUROPEPTIDE; PARVALBUMIN; PROTEIN KINASE C ALPHA; PROTEIN KINASE C EPSILON; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE A; REELIN; SEROTONIN; SEROTONIN 2A RECEPTOR; SYNAPTOPHYSIN; SYNAPTOSOMAL ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25;

ADULT; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BRAIN REGION; CINGULATE GYRUS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; NEUROCHEMISTRY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PSYCHOSIS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TEMPORAL CORTEX;

EID: 13244255518     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.019     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. S. Akbarian, J.J. Kim, S.G. Potkin, J.O. Hagman, A. Tafazzoli, W.E. Bunney Jr, E.G. Jones Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurons in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1995 258 266
2. C.L. Beasley, G.P. Reynolds Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons are reduced in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenics Schizophr Res 24 1997 349 355
3. C.L. Beasley, Z.J. Zhang, I. Patten, G.P. Reynolds Selective deficits in prefrontal cortical GABAergic neurons in schizophrenia defined by the presence of calcium-binding proteins Biol Psychiatry 52 2002 708 715
4. F.M. Benes The role of stress and dopamine-GABA interactions in the vulnerability for schizophrenia J Psychiatr Res 31 1997 257 275
5. F.M. Benes, S. Berretta GABAergic interneurons Implications for understanding schizophrenia and bipolar disorder Neuropsychopharmacol 25 2001 1 27
6. F.M. Benes, E.W. Kwok, S.L. Vincent, M.S. Todtenkopf A reduction of nonpyramidal cells in sector CA2 of schizophrenics and manic depressives Biol Psychiatry 44 1998 88 97
7. F.M. Benes, I. Sorensen, S.L. Vincent, E.D. Bird, M. Sathi Increased density of glutamate-immunoreactive vertical processes in superficial laminae in cingulate cortex of schizophrenic brain Cereb Cortex 2 1992 503 512
8. F.M. Benes, M.S. Todtenkopf, P. Logiotatos, M. Williams Glutamate decarboxylase(65)-immunoreactive terminals in cingulate and prefrontal cortices of schizophrenic and bipolar brain J Chem Neuroanat 20 2000 259 269
9. F.M. Benes, M.S. Todtenkopf, J.B. Taylor Differential distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase fibers on small and large neurons in layer II of anterior cingulate cortex of schizophrenic brain Synapse 25 1997 80 92
10. F.M. Benes, J. McSparren, E.D. Bird, J.P. SanGiovanni, S.L. Vincent Deficits in small interneurons in prefrontal and cingulate cortices of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 1991 996 1001
11. B.P. Blum, J.J. Mann The GABAergic system in schizophrenia Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 5 2002 159 179
12. E. Bonila, E. Ryder, S. Ryder GABA metabolism in Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection Neurochem Res 5 1980 209 215
13. L. Caberlotto, Y.L. Hurd Reduced neuropeptide Y mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with bipolar disorder Neuroreport 10 1999 1747 1750
14. M.L. Carlsson, A. Carlsson, M. Nilsson Schizophrenia From dopamine to glutamate and back Curr Med Chem 11 2004 267 277
15. S.M. Cochran, M. Kennedy, C.E. McKerchar, L.J. Steward, J.A. Pratt, B.J. Morris Induction of metabolic hypofunction and neurochemical deficits after chronic intermittent exposure to phencyclidine Differential modulation by antipsychotic drugs Neuropsychopharmacology 28 2003 265 275
16. D. Cotter, S. Landau, C. Beasley, R. Stevenson, G. Chana, L. MacMillan, I. Everall The density and spatial distribution of GABAergic neurons, labelled using calcium binding proteins, in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia Biol Psychiatry 51 2002 377 386
17. P. Danos, B. Baumann, H.-G. Bernstein, M. Franz, R. Stauch, G. Northoff Schizophrenia and anterovental thalamic nucleus Selective decrease of parvalbumin-immunoreactive thalamocortical projection neurons Psychiatry Res 82 1998 1 10
18. D. De Wied, H.O. Sigling Neuropeptides involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and major depression Neurotox Res 4 2002 453 468
19. S.L. Eastwood, P.W.J. Burnet, P.J. Harrison Altered synaptophysin expression as a marker of synaptic pathology in schizophrenia Neuroscience 66 1995 309 319
20. S.L. Eastwood, N.J. Cairns, P.J. Harrison Synaptophysin gene expression in schizophrenia Br J Psychiatry 176 2000 236 242
21. S.L. Eastwood, D. Cotter, P.J. Harrison Cerebellar synaptic protein expression in schizophrenia Neuroscience 105 2001 219 229
22. S.L. Eastwood, P.J. Harrison Hippocampal synaptic pathology in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression A study of complexin mRNAs Mol Psychiatry 5 2000 425 432
23. S.L. Eastwood, P.J. Harrison Synaptic pathology in the anterior cingulate cortex in schizophrenia and mood disorders. A review and a Western blot study of synaptophysin, GAP-43 and the complexins Brain Res Bull 55 2001 569 578
24. S.L. Eastwood, P.J. Harrison Reelin mRNA is decreased in neurons of the hippocampus and temporal cortex in schizophrenia a cellular in situ hybridisation study [abstract] Schizophr Res 60 2003 71
25. S.L. Eastwood, J. Heffernan, P.J. Harrison Chronic haloperidol treatment differentially affects the expression of synaptic and neuronal plasticity-associated genes Mol Psychiatry 2 1997 322 329
26. D.W. Eyles, J.J. McGrath, G.P. Reynolds Neuronal calcium-binding proteins and schizophrenia Schizophr Res 57 2002 27 34
27. S.H. Fatemi, J.A. Earle, T. McMenomy Reduction in Reelin immunoreactivity in hippocampus of subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression Mol Psychiatry 5 2000 654 663
28. S.H. Fatemi, J.A. Earle, J.M. Stary, S. Lee, J. Sedgewick Altered levels of the synaptosomal associated protein SNAP-25 in hippocampus of subjects with mood disorders and schizophrenia Neuroreport 12 2001 3257 3262
29. S.H. Fatemi, E.S. Emamian, D. Kist, R.W. Sidwell, K. Nakajima, P. Akhter Defective corticogenesis and reduction in Reelin immunoreactivity in cortex and hippocampus of prenatally infected neonatal mice Mol Psychiatry 4 1999 145 154
30. S.H. Fatemi, J.M. Stary, J.A. Earle, M. Araghi-Niknam, E. Eagan GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia and mood disorders as reflected by decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa and Reelin proteins in cerebellum Schizophr Res 72 2005 109 122
31. D. Gonzalez-Dunia, M. Watanabe, S. Syan, M. Mallory, E. Masliah, J.C. de la Torre J Virol 74 2000 3441 3448
32. T.D. Gould, H.K. Manji Signaling networks in the pathophysiology of mood disorders J Psychosom Res 53 2002 687 698
33. 67) expression in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder A postmortem brain study Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 2000 1061 1069
34. P.J. Harrison The neuropathology of schizophrenia. A critical review of the data and their interpretation Brain 122 1999 593 624
35. T. Hashimoto, D.W. Volk, S.M. Eggan, K. Mirnics, J.N. Pierri, Z. Sun Gene expression deficits in a subclass of GABA neurons in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia J Neurosci 23 2003 6315 6326
36. S. Heckers, D. Stone, J. Walsh, J. Shick, P. Koul, F.M. Benes Differential hippocampal expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 messenger RNA in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 59 2002 521 529
37. W.G. Honer, C.E. Young Presynaptic proteins and schizophrenia Int Rev Neurobiol 59 2003 175 201
38. J. Hou, S. Sheikh, D.L. Martin, N.K. Chatterjee Coxsackievirus B4 alters pancreatic glutamate decarboxylase expression in mice soon after infection J Autoimmun 6 1993 529 542
39. F. Impagnatiello, A.R. Guidotti, C. Pesold, Y. Dwivedi, H. Caruncho, M.G. Pisu A decrease of reelin expression as a putative vulnerability factor in schizophrenia Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 1998 15718 15723
40. M.W. Jones, I.C. Kilpatrick, O.T. Phillipson Dopamine function in the prefrontal cortex of the rat is sensitive to a reduction of tonic GABA-mediated inhibition in the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus Exp Brain Res 69 1988 623 634
41. M.B. Knable, B.M. Barci, J.J. Bartko, M.J. Webster, E.F. Torrey Molecular abnormalities in the major psychiatric illnesses Classification and Regression Tree (CRT) analysis of post-mortem prefrontal markers Mol Psychiatry 7 2002 392 404
42. M.B. Knable, B.M. Barci, J.J. Bartko, M.J. Webster, E.F. Torrey Abnormalities of the cingulate gyrus in bipolar disorder and other severe psychiatric illnesses Postmortem findings from the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium and literature review Clin Neurosci Res 2 2002 171 181
43. M.B. Knable, B.M. Barci, M.J. Webster, E.F. Torrey Summary of prefrontal molecular abnormalities in the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium G. Agam R.H. Belmaker I. Everall The Post-Mortem Brain in Psychiatric Research 2002 Kluwer Academic New York 105 137
44. M.B. Knable, B.M. Barci, J.J. Bartko, M.J. Webster, E.F. Torrey Molecular abnormalities of the hippocampus in severe psychiatric illness Post-mortem findings from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium Mol Psychiatry 9 2004 609 620
45. N. Kozlovsky, R.H. Belmaker, G. Agam Low GSK-3 activity in frontal cortex of schizophrenic patients Schizophr Res 52 2001 101 105
46. N. Kozlovsky, R.H. Belmaker, G. Agam Low GSK-3beta immunoreactivity in postmortem frontal cortex of schizophrenic patients Am J Psychiatry 157 2001 831 833
47. D.A. Lewis, D.A. Cruz, D.S. Melchitzky, J.N. Pierri Lamina-specific deficits in parvalbumin-immunoreactive varicosities in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia Evidence for fewer projections from the thalamus Am J Psychiatry 158 2001 1411 1422
48. B.K. Lipska, D.R. Weinberger A neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia Neonatal disconnection of the hippocampus Neurotox Res 4 2002 469 475
49. 2A receptor mRNA expression in subjects with major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia Biol Psychiatry 55 2004 225 233
50. D.L. Martin, K. Rimvall Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis in the brain J Neurochem 60 1993 395 407
51. E. Masliah, N. Ge, C.L. Achim, L.A. Hansen, C.A. Wiley Selective neuronal vulnerability in HIV encephalitis J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 51 1992 585 593
52. E. Masliah, N. Ge, M. Morey, R. DeTeresa, R.D. Terry, C.A. Wiley Cortical dendritic pathology in human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis Lab Invest 66 1992 285 291
53. C.L. Miller, S. Diglisic, F. Leister, M. Webster, R.H. Yolken Evaluating RNA status for RT-PCR in extracts of postmortem human brain tissue Biotechniques 36 2004 628 633
54. K. Mirnics, F.A. Middleton, A. Marquez, D.A. Lewis, P. Levitt Molecular characterization of schizophrenia viewed by microarray analysis of gene expression in prefrontal cortex Neuron 28 2000 53 67
55. J.W. Olney, N.B. Farber Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 52 1995 998 1007
56. B.D. Pearce, S.C. Steffensen, A.D. Paoletti, S.J. Henriksen, M.J. Buchmeier Persistent dentate granule cell hyperexcitability after neonatal infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus J Neurosci 16 1996 220 228
57. G.P. Reynolds, C.L. Beasley, Z.J. Zhang Understanding the neurotransmitter pathology of schizophrenia selective deficits of subtypes of cortical GABAergic neurons J Neural Transm 109 2002 881 889
58. J.L. Scruggs, A.Y. Deutch Chronic antipsychotic drug administration alters calcium-binding protein levels but not GAD levels in the prefrontal cortex of the rat [abstract] Schizophr Res 36 1999 119 120
59. C. Shannon-Weickert, J.E. Wyatt, B.K. Lipska, J.E. Kleinman, M.J. Webster Reduction of GAD-67 mRNA in the striatum of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder [abstract] Schizophr Res 60 2003 66
60. C. Tamminga Glutamatergic aspects of schizophrenia Br J Psychiatry 174 suppl 37 1999 12 15
61. M. Taylor, Z. Bhagwagar, P.J. Cowen, T. Sharp GABA and mood disorders Psychol Med 33 2003 387 393
62. 65 immunoreactive puncta on pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons in hippocampus of schizophrenic brain Synapse 29 1998 323 332
63. H. Tomita, M.P. Vawter, D.M. Walsh, S.J. Evans, P.V. Choudary, J. Li Effect of agonal and postmortem factors on gene expression profile quality control in microarray analyses of postmortem human brain Biol Psychiatry 55 2004 346 352
64. E.F. Torrey Epidemiological comparison of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder Schizophr Res 39 1999 101 106
65. E.F. Torrey, M.B. Knable Are schizophrenia and bipolar disorder one disease or two? Schizophr Res 39 1999 93 94
66. E.F. Torrey, M. Webster, M. Knable, N. Johnston, R.H. Yolken The Stanley Foundation brain collection and Neuropathology Consortium Schizophr Res 44 2000 151 155
67. M.P. Vawter, L. Thatcher, N. Usen, T.M. Hyde, J.E. Kleinman, W.J. Freed Reduction of synapsin in the hippocampus of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia Mol Psychiatry 7 2002 571 578
68. S.L. Vincent, E. Adamec, I. Sorensen, F.M. Benes The effects of chronic haloperidol administration on GABA-immunoreactive axon terminals in rat medial prefrontal cortex Synapse 17 1994 26 35
69. 67 messenger RNA expression in a subset of prefrontal cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons in subjects with schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 2000 237 245
70. A. Wassef, J. Baker, L.D. Kochan GABA and schizophrenia A review of basic science and clinical studies J Clin Psychopharmacol 23 2003 601 640
71. M.J. Webster, M.B. Knable, J. O'Grady, J. Orthmann, C.S. Weickert Regional specificity of brain glucocorticoid receptor mRNA alterations in subjects with schizophrenia and mood disorders Mol Psychiatry 7 2002 985 994
72. M.J. Webster, C. Shannon Weickert, M.M. Herman, T.M. Hyde, J.E. Kleinman Synaptophysin and GAP-43 mRNA levels in the hippocampus of subjects with schizophrenia Schizophr Res 49 2001 89 98
73. B.J. Winer, D.R. Brown, K.M. Michels Statistical Principles in Experimental Design 3rd ed 1991 McGraw Hill New York 165 166
74. T.-U. Woo, J.L. Miller, D.A. Lewis Schizophrenia and the parvalbumin-containing class of cortical local circuit neurons Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 1013 1015
75. Z.J. Zhang, G.P. Reynolds A selective decrease in the relative density of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus in schizophrenia Schizophr Res 55 2002 1 10