Endocytosis and intracellular trafficking as gateways for nanomedicine delivery: Opportunities and challenges

Molecular Pharmaceutics

Volumn 9, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 2380-2402

  Duncan, Ruth ^a   Richardson, Simon C W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

endocytosis; endosome; endosomotropic delivery; lysosome; lysosomotropic delivery; nanomedicine; trafficking

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B LIPID COMPLEX; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; APREPITANT; BR 96; CALAA 01; CELL PENETRATING PEPTIDE; CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR; CETUXIMAB; CYT 6091; DOXORUBICIN; ESTRADIOL; FCE 28069; GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN; HPMA DOXORUBICIN CONJUGATE; IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN; PACLITAXEL; PACLITAXEL POLIGLUMEX; PEGAPTANIB; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA2B; PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID; RAPAMYCIN; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; RTP 801; SEVELAMER; SINGLE WALLED NANOTUBE; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; TRASTUZUMAB; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VEDOTIN; VIVAGEL;

ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CELL COMMUNICATION; CELL COMPARTMENTALIZATION; CELL FATE; CELL FRACTIONATION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL SELECTION; CELL SURFACE; CELL TYPE; CONTROLLED DRUG RELEASE; CYTOSOL; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TARGETING; ENDOCYTOSIS; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; ENDOSOME; ENDOSOMOTROPIC DELIVERY; HUMAN; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LYSOSOME; LYSOSOME STORAGE DISEASE; LYSOSOMOTROPIC DELIVERY; NANOMEDICINE; NEOPLASM; NONHUMAN; PARTICLE SIZE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SELECTION; PINOCYTOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION; TRANS GOLGI NETWORK;

BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; ENDOCYTOSIS; HUMANS; MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES; NANOMEDICINE;

EID: 84865967844     PISSN: 15438384     EISSN: 15438392     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/mp300293n     Document Type: Article

References (182)

1. Duncan, R.; Gaspar, R. Nanomedicine(s) under the Microscope Mol. Pharmaceutics 2011, 8 (6) 2101-2141
2. Mosesson, Y.; Mills, G. B.; Yarden, Y. Derailed Endocytosis: An Emerging Feature of Cancer Nat. Rev. Cancer 2008, 8, 835-850
3. Farrell, D.; Ptak, K.; Panaro, N. J.; Grodzinski, P. Nanotechnology-Based Cancer Therapeutics-Promise and Challenge-Lessons Learned Through the NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer Pharm. Res. 2011, 28, 273-278
4. Scheinberg, D. A.; Villa, C. H.; Escorcia, F. E.; McDevitt, M. R. Conscripts of the Infinite Armada: Systemic Cancer Therapy using Nanomaterials Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 2010, 7, 266-276
5. Bareford, L. M.; Swaan, P. W. Endocytic Mechanisms For Targeted Drug Delivery Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2007, 59, 748-758 (Pubitemid 47320813)
6. Sahay, G.; Alakhova, D. Y.; Kabanov, A. V. Endocytosis of Nanomedicines J. Controlled Release 2010, 145, 182-195
7. Canton, I.; Battaglia, G. Endocytosis at the Nanoscale Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41 (7) 2718-2739
8. Juliano, R. L.; Ming, X.; Nakagawa, O. Cellular Uptake and Intracellular Trafficking of Antisense and siRNA Oligonucleotides Bioconjugate Chem. 2012, 23, 147-57
9. Conner, S. D.; Schmid, S. L. Regulated Portals of Entry into the Cell Nature 2003, 422, 37-44 (Pubitemid 36323287)
10. Sigismund, S.; Confalonieri, S.; Ciliberto, A.; Polo, S.; Scita, G.; Di Fiore, P. P. Endocytosis and Signaling: Cell Logistics Shape the Eukaryotic Cell Plan Physiol. Rev. 2012, 92, 273-366
11. Mechnikov, I. On the Question of Immunity in Infectious Diseases. Nobel Lecture 1908, December 11.
12. De Duve, C. Exploring Cells with a Centrifuge. Nobel Lecture 1974, December 12.
13. Palade, G. E. Intracellular Aspects of the Process of Protein Secretion. Nobel Lecture 1974, December 12.
14. De Duve, C.; Wattiaux, R. Functions of Lysosomes Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1966, 28, 435-492
15. Kimmelman, A. C. The Dynamic Nature of Autophagy in Cancer Genes Dev. 2011, 25, 1999-2010
16. Militello, R. D.; Colombo, M. I. A membrane is Born: Origin of the Autophagosomal Compartment Curr. Mol. Med. 2011, 11, 197-203
17. Brown, M. S.; Goldstein, J. L. A Receptor-Mediated Pathway for Cholesterol Homeostasis. Nobel Lecture 1985, 9 December.
18. Théry, C.; Ostrowski, M.; Segura, E. Membrane Vesicles as Conveyors of Immune Responses Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2009, 9, 581-593
19. Gu, P.; Gao, J. F.; DSouza, C. A.; Kowalczyk, A.; Chou, K.-Y.; Zhang, L. Trogocytosis of CD80 and CD86 by Induced Regulatory T cells Cell. Mol. Immunol. 2012, 9, 136-146
20. Jovic, M.; Sharma, M.; Rahajeng, J.; Caplan, S. The Early Endosome: A Busy Sorting Station for Proteins at the Crossroads Histol. Histopathol. 2010, 25, 99-112
21. Hurley, J. H. The ESCRT Complexes Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2010, 45, 463-487
22. Gurkan., C.; Lapp, H.; Alory, C.; Su, A. I.; Hogenesch, J. B.; Balch, W. E. Large-Scale Profiling of Rab GTPase Trafficking Networks: The Membrome Mol. Biol. Cell 2005, 16, 3847-3864 (Pubitemid 41077092)
23. Carmosino, M.; Valenti, G.; Caplan, M.; Svelto, M. Polarized Traffic Towards the Cell Surface: How to Find the Route Biol. Cell 2009, 102, 75-91
24. Lasiecka, Z. M.; Winckler, B. Mechanisms of Polarized Membrane Trafficking in Neurons-Focusing in on Endosomes Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 2011, 48, 278-287
25. Carver, L. A.; Schnitzer, J. E. Caveolae: Mining little Caves for New Cancer Targets Nat. Rev. Cancer 2003, 3, 571-581 (Pubitemid 37328829)
26. Tauber, A. I. Metchnikoff and the Phagocytosis Theory Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2003, 4, 897-901 (Pubitemid 37411727)
27. Carreno-Gomez, B.; Duncan, R. Evaluation of the Biological Properties of Soluble Chitosan and Chitosan Microspheres Int. J. Pharm. 1997, 148, 231-240 (Pubitemid 27160980)
28. Dupont, B. Overview of the Lipid Formulations of Amphotericin B J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2002, 49 (Suppl. 1) 31-36 (Pubitemid 34162654)
29. Staubach, S.; Hanisch, F. G. Lipid Rafts: Signaling and Sorting Platforms of Cells and their Roles in Cancer Expert Rev. Proteomics 2011, 8, 263-277
30. Rajendran, L.; Knolker, H. J.; Simons, K. Subcellular Targeting Strategies for Drug Design and Delivery Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2010, 9, 29-42
31. Simionescu, M.; Popov, D.; Sima, A. Endothelial Transcytosis in Health and Disease Cell Tissue Res. 2009, 335, 27-40
32. Desai, N.; Trieu, V.; Damascelli, B.; Soon-Shiong, P. SPARC Expression Correlates with Tumor Response to Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Transl. Oncol. 2009, 2, 59-64
33. Steinman, R. M.; Mellman, I. S.; Muller, W. A.; Cohn, Z. A. Endocytosis and the Recycling of Plasma Membrane J. Cell Biol. 1983, 96, 1-27 (Pubitemid 13155557)
34. Duncan, R.; Pratten, M. K. Membrane Economics in Endocytic Systems J. Theor. Biol. 1977, 66, 727-735 (Pubitemid 8129415)
35. Kruth, H. S. Receptor-Independent Fluid-Phase Pinocytosis Mechanisms for Induction of Foam Cell Formation with Native Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2011, 22, 386-393
36. Ryser, H. J.; Hancock, R. Histones and Basic Polyamino Acids Stimulate the Uptake of Albumin by Tumor Cells in Culture Science 1965, 150, 501-503
37. Duncan, R.; Pratten, M. K.; Lloyd, J. B. Mechanism of Polycation Stimulation of Pinocytosis Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1979, 587, 463-475 (Pubitemid 10192543)
38. Aggarwal, P.; Hall, J. B.; McLeland, C. B.; Dobrovolskaia, M. A.; McNeil, S. E. Nanoparticle Interaction with Plasma Proteins as it Relates to Particle Biodistribution, Biocompatibility and Therapeutic Efficacy Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2009, 61, 428-437
39. Beck, R.; Prinz, S.; Diestelkötter-Bachert, P.; Röhling, S.; Adolf, F.; Hoehner, K.; Welsch, S.; Ronchi, P.; Brügger, B.; Briggs, J. A.; Wieland, F. Coatomer and Dimeric ADP Ribosylation Factor 1 Promote Distinct Steps in Membrane Scission J. Cell Biol. 2011, 194, 765-77
40. Olkkonen, V. M.; Ikonen, E. When Intracellular Logistics Fails-Genetic Defects in Membrane Trafficking J. Cell Sci. 2006, 119, 5031-5045 (Pubitemid 46085183)
41. Richardson, S. C. W. Tracking Intracellular Polymer Localisation Via Fluorescence Microscopy. In Organelle-Specific Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology; Weissig, V.; DSouza, G., Eds.; John Wiley and Sons Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2010; pp 177-192.
42. Wendler, F.; Tooze, S. Syn 6, The Promiscuous Behavior of a SNARE Protein Traffic 2001, 2, 606-611 (Pubitemid 32825699)
43. Shields, S. B.; Piper, R. C. How Ubiquitin Functions with ESCRTs Traffic 2011, 12, 1306-1317
44. Berlin, I.; Schwartz, H.; Nash, P. D. Regulation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ubiquitination and Trafficking by the USP8STAM Complex J. Biol. Chem. 2010, 285, 34909-34921
45. Sandvig, K.; Torgersen, M. L.; Engedal, N.; Skotland, T.; Iversen, T. G. Protein Toxins From Plants and Bacteria: Probes for Intracellular Transport and Tools in Medicine FEBS Lett. 2010, 584, 2626-2634
46. Russell, D. G. Mycobacterium and Leishmania: Stowaways in the Endosomal Network Trends Cell Biol. 1995, 5, 125-128
47. Kumar, Y.; Valdivia, R. H. Leading a Sheltered Life: Intracellular Pathogens and Maintenance of Vacuolar Compartments Cell Host Microbe 2009, 5, 593-601
48. Scita, G.; Di Fiore, P. P. The Endocytic Matrix Nature 2010, 463, 464-473
49. McNeil, S. E. Challenges for Nanoparticle Characterization Methods Mol. Biol. 2011, 697, 9-15
50. Richardson, S. C. W.; Wallom, K.-L.; Ferguson, E. L.; Deacon, S. P. E.; Davies, M.; Powell, A. J.; Piper, R.; Duncan, R. The Use of Fluorescence Microscopy to Define Polymer Conjugate Localisation to Late Endocytic Compartments in Cells that are Targets for Drug Delivery J. Controlled Release 2008, 127, 1-11
51. Sandin, P.; Fitzpatrick, L. W.; Simpson, J. C.; Dawson, K. A. High-Speed Imaging of Rab Family Small GTPases Reveals Rare Events in Nanoparticle Trafficking in Living Cells ACS Nano 2012, 6, 1513-1521
52. Humphries, W. H., IV; Payne, C. K. Imaging Lysosomal Enzyme Activity in Live Cells Using Self-Quenched Substrates Anal. Biochem. 2012, 424, 178-183
53. Brandenberger, C.; Clift, M. J. D.; Vanhecke, D.; Muhlfeld, C.; Stone, V.; Gehr, P.; Rothen-Rutishauser, B. Intracellular Imaging of Nanoparticles: Is it an Elemental Mistake to Believe what You See? Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2010, 7, 15
54. Dyer, P. D. R.; Richardson, S. C. W. Delivery of Biologics to Select Organelles-The Role of Biologically Active Polymers Expert Opin. Drug Delivery 2011, 8, 403-407
55. Dyer, D. R.; Kotha, A. K.; Pettit, M. W.; Richardson, S. C. W. Imaging Select Mammalian Organelles using Fluorescent Microscopy: Application to Drug Delivery. Methods Mol. Biol. 2012, not supplied.
56. Trouet, A.; Jolle's, G. Targeting of Daunorubicin by Association with DNA or Proteins: a Review Semin. Oncol. 1984, 4, 64-72 (Pubitemid 15156621)
57. Duncan, R.; Seymour, L. C. W.; Scarlett, L.; Lloyd, J. B.; Rejmanova, P.; Kopecek, J. Fate of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymers with pendant galactosamine residues after Intravenous Administration to Rats Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1986, 880, 62-71 (Pubitemid 16208729)
58. Wedge, S. R.; Duncan, R.; Kopeckova, P. Comparison of the Liver Subcellular Distribution of Free Daunomycin and that Bound to Galactosamine Targeted N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymers Following Intravenous Administration in the Rat Br. J. Cancer 1991, 63, 546-549
59. Seib, F. P.; Jones, A. T.; Duncan, R. Establishment of Subcellular Fractionation Techniques to Monitor the Intracellular Fate of Polymer Therapeutics I. Differential Centrifugation Fractionation of B16F10 Cells and Use to Study the Intracellular Fate of HPMA Copolymer-Doxorubicin J. Drug Targeting 2006, 14, 375-390 (Pubitemid 44203518)
60. Seib, F. P.; Jones, A. T.; Duncan, R. Endocytic Behaviour of Linear, Branched PEI and Cationic PAMAM Dendrimers in B16F10 Melanoma Cells J. Controlled Release 2007, 17, 291-300 (Pubitemid 46216575)
61. Lecocq., M.; Wattiaux-De Coninck, S.; Laurent, N.; Wattiaux, R.; Jadot, M. Uptake and Intracellular Fate of Polyethylenimine In Vivo Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2000, 278, 414-418
62. Richardson, S.; Pattrick, N.; Lavignac, N.; Ferruti, P.; Duncan, R. Intracellular Fate of Bioresponsive Poly(amidoamine)s In Vitro and In Vivo J. Controlled Release 2010, 142, 78-88
63. Wattiaux, R.; Jadot, M.; Dubois, F.; Misquith, S.; Wattiaux-De Coninck, S. Uptake of Exogenous DNA by Rat Liver: Effect of Cationic Lipids Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1995, 213, 81-87
64. Satori, C. P.; Kostal, V.; Arriaga, E. A. Individual Organelle pH Determinations of Magnetically Enriched Endocytic Organelles via Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection Anal. Chem. 2011, 83, 7331-7339
65. Aniento, F.; Gruenberg, J. Subcellular Fractionation of Tissue Culture Cells. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 2003, Chapter 8, Unit 8.1C.
66. Gauthier, D. J.; Lazure, C. Complementary Methods to Assist Subcellular Fractionation in Organellar Proteomics Expert Rev. Proteomics 2008, 5, 603-617
67. Lübke, T.; Lobel, P.; Sleat, D. E. Proteomics of the Lysosome Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1793, 625-635
68. Michelsen., U.; Von Hagen, J. Isolation of Subcellular Organelles and Structures Methods Enzymol. 2009, 463, 305-328
69. Meerovich., I.; Koshkaryev, A.; Thekkedath, R.; Torchilin, V. P. Screening and Optimization of Ligand Conjugates for Lysosomal Targeting Bioconjugate Chem. 2011, 22, 2271-2282
70. Fei, L.; Ren, L.; Zaro, J. L.; Shen, W. C. The Influence of Net Charge and Charge Distribution on Cellular Uptake and Cytosolic Localization of Arginine-Rich Peptides J. Drug Targeting 2011, 19, 675-680
71. Zaro, J. L.; Vekich, J. E.; Tran, T.; Shen, W. C. Nuclear Localization of Cell-Penetrating Peptides is Dependent on Endocytosis Rather than Cytosolic Delivery in CHO cells Mol. Pharmaceutics 2009, 6, 337-344
72. Sutherland, M. S.; Sanderson, R. J.; Gordon, K. A.; Andreyka, J.; Cerveny, C. G.; Yu, C.; Lewis, T. S.; Meyer, D. L.; Zabinski, R. F.; Doronina, S. O.; Senter, P. D.; Law, C. L.; Wahl, A. F. Lysosomal Trafficking and Cysteine Protease Metabolism Confer Target-Specific Cytotoxicity by Peptide-Linked Anti-CD30-auristatin Conjugates J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281, 10540-10547 (Pubitemid 43864594)
73. Ewers, H.; Helenius, A. Lipid-Mediated Endocytosis Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol. 2011, 3, a004721
74. Marsh, M.; Helenius, A. Virus Entry: Open Sesame Cell 2006, 124, 729-740 (Pubitemid 43261448)
75. 125I-Labelled Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) on its Pinocytosis by Rat Visceral Yolk Sacs and Rat Peritoneal Macrophages Biochem. J. 1980, 196, 49-55 (Pubitemid 11089401)
76. Rejman, J.; Oberle, V.; Zuhorn, I. S.; Hoekstra, D. Size-Dependent Internalisation of Particles via the Pathways of Clathrin- and Caveolae-Mediated Endocytosis Biochem. J. 2004, 377, 159-169 (Pubitemid 38114443)
77. Hillaireau, H.; Couvreur, P. Nanocarriers Entry into the Cell: Relevance to Drug Delivery Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2009, 66, 2873-2896
78. Maysinger, D. Nanoparticles and Cells: Good Companions and Doomed Partnerships Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 2335-2342 (Pubitemid 47118866)
79. Maysinger, D.; Lovrić, J.; Eisenberg, A.; Savić, R. Fate of Micelles and QDs in Cells Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 2007, 65, 270-281
80. Chithrani, D. B. Intracellular Uptake, Transport, and Processing of Gold Nanostructures Mol. Membr. Biol. 2010, 27, 299-311
81. Wang, J.; Byrne, J. D.; Napier, M. E.; DeSimone, J. M. More Effective Nanomedicines Through Particle Design Small 2011, 7, 1919-1931
82. Doshi, N.; Mitragotri, S. Macrophages Recognize Size and Shape of their Targets PLoS ONE 2010, 5, e10051
83. Kostarelos, K.; Lacerda, L.; Pastorin, G.; Wu, W.; Wieckowski, S.; Luangsivilay, J.; Godefroy, S.; Pantarotto, D.; Briand, J.-P.; Muller, S.; Prato, M.; Bianco, A. Cellular Uptake of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes is Independent of Functional Group and Cell Type Nat. Nanotechnol. 2007, 2, 108-113 (Pubitemid 46230832)
84. Yang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Sun, L.; Han, D.; Li, H.; Wang, C. Pharmacological and Toxicological Target Organelles and Safe use of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Drug Carriers in Treating Alzheimer Disease Nanomedicine 2010, 6, 427-441
85. Sahay, G.; Kim, J. O.; Kabanov, A. V.; Bronich, T. K. The Exploitation of Differential Endocytic Pathways in Normal and Tumor Cells in the Selective Targeting of Nanoparticulate Chemotherapeutic Agents Biomaterials 2010, 31, 923-933
86. Bhowmick, T.; Berk, E.; Cui, X.; Muzykantov, V. R.; Muro, S. Effect of Flow on Endothelial Endocytosis of Nanocarriers Targeted to ICAM-1 J. Controlled Release 2012, 157, 485-492
87. Doiron, A. L.; Clark, B.; Rinker, K. D. Endothelial Nanoparticle Binding Kinetics are Matrix and Size Dependent Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011, 108, 2988-2998
88. Wirtz, D.; Konstantopoulos, K.; Searson, P. C. The Physics of Cancer: The Role of Physical Interactions and Mechanical Forces in Metastasis Nat. Rev. Cancer 2011, 11, 512-522
89. Farrell, D.; Ptak, K.; Panaro, N. J.; Grodzinski, P. Nanotechnology-Based Cancer Therapeutics-Promise and Challenges-Lessons learned through the NCI Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer Pharm. Res. 2011, 28, 273-278
90. Libutti, S. K.; Paciotti, G. F.; Byrnes, A. A.; Alexander, H. R., Jr.; Gannon, W. E.; Walker, M.; Seidel, G. D.; Yuldasheva, N.; Tamarkin, L. Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Studies of CYT-6091, a Novel PEGylated Colloidal Gold-rhTNF Nanomedicine Clin. Cancer Res. 2010, 16, 6139-6149
91. Strumberg, D.; Schultheis, B.; Traugott, U.; Vank, C.; Santel, A.; Keil, O.; Giese, K.; Kaufmann, J.; Drevs, J. Phase I Clinical Development of Atu027, a siRNA Formulation Targeting PKN3 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2012, 50, 76-78
92. Kaiser, P. K.; Symons, R. C.; Shah, S. M.; Quinlan, E. J.; Tabandeh, H.; Do, D. V.; Reisen, G.; Lockridge, J. A.; Short, B.; Guerciolini, R.; Nguyen, Q. D. Sirna-027 Study Investigators RNAi-Based Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Sirna-027 Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2010, 150, 33-39
93. Toudjarska, I.; Judge, A.; Buck, T.; McClintock, K.; de Jong, S.; Ambegia, E.; Brodsky, J.; Akinc, A.; Racie, T.; Jeffs, L.; Yaworski, E.; MacLachlan, I.; Sah, D. W.; Gollob, J.; Bumcrot, D. A. Development of ALN-VSP: An RNAi Therapeutic for Liver Malignancies. Mol. Cancer Ther. 2009, 8 (Suppl. 1), Abstract B204. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-09-B204.
94. Davis, M. E.; Zuckerman, J. E.; Choi, C. H. J.; Seligson, D.; Tolcher, A.; Alabi, C. A.; Yen, Y.; Heidel, J. D.; Ribas, A. Evidence of RNAi in Humans from Systemically Administered siRNA via Targeted Nanoparticles Nature 2010, 464, 1067-1071
95. Lim, W. S.; Tardi, P. G.; Xie, X.; Fan, M.; Huang, R.; Ciofani, T.; Harasym, T. O.; Mayer, L. D. Schedule- and Dose-Dependency of CPX-351, a Synergistic Fixed Ratio Cytarabine:Daunorubicin Formulation, in Consolidation Treatment against Human Leukemia Xenografts Leuk. Lymphoma 2010, 51, 1536-1542
96. Feldman, E. J.; Lancet, J. E.; Kolitz, J. E.; Ritchie, E. K.; Roboz, G. J.; List, A. F.; Allen, S. L.; Asatiani, E.; Mayer, L. D.; Swenson, C.; Louie, A. C. First-in-Man Study of CPX-351: A Liposomal Carrier Containing Cytarabine and Daunorubicin in a Fixed 5:1 Molar Ratio for the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29, 979-985
97. Schroeder, A.; Heller, D. A.; Winslow, M. M.; Dahlman, J. E.; Pratt, G. W.; Langer, R.; Jacks, T.; Anderson, D. G. Treating Metastatic Cancer with Nanotechnology Nat. Rev. Cancer 2012, 12, 39-50
98. De Duve, C.; De Barsy, T.; Poole, B.; Trouet, A.; Tulkens, P.; Van Hoof, F. Lysosomotropic Agents Biochem. Pharmacol. 1974, 23, 2495-2531
99. Hurwitz, E.; Levy, R.; Maron, R.; Wilchek, M.; Arnon, R.; Sela, M. The Covalent Binding of Daunomycin and Adriamycin to Antibodies, with Retention of both Drug and Antibody Activities Cancer Res. 1975, 35, 1175-1181
100. Duncan, R. The Dawning Era of Polymer Therapeutics Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2003, 2, 347-360 (Pubitemid 37361705)
101. Duncan, R. Polymer Conjugates as Anticancer Nanomedicines Nat. Rev. Cancer 2006, 6, 688-701 (Pubitemid 44286001)
102. Soloman, R.; Gabizon, A. A. Clinical Pharmacology of Liposomal Anthracyclines: Focus on Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma 2008, 8, 21-32 (Pubitemid 351449716)
103. Couvreur, P.; Tulkens, P.; Roland, M.; Trouet, A.; Speiser, P. Nanocapsules: A New Type of Lysosomotropic Carrier FEBS Lett. 1977, 84, 323-326 (Pubitemid 8246984)
104. Duncan, R. Designing Polymer Conjugates as Lysosomotropic Nanomedicines Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2007, 35, 56-60
105. Seymour, L. W.; Ferry, D. R.; Anderson, D.; Hesslewood, S.; Julyan, P. J.; Payner, R.; Doran, J.; Young, A. M.; Burtles, S.; Kerr, D. J. Hepatic Drug Targeting: Phase I Evaluation of Polymer Bound Doxorubicin J. Clin. Oncol. 2002, 20, 1668-1676 (Pubitemid 34260549)
106. Jain, M.; Venkatraman, G.; Batra, S. K. Optimization of Radioimmunotherapy of Solid Tumors: Biological Impediments and Their Modulation Clin. Cancer Res. 2007, 13, 1374-1382 (Pubitemid 46450425)
107. Mamot, C.; Ritschard, R.; Vogel, B.; Dieterle, T.; Bubendorf, L.; Hilker, C.; Deuster, S.; Herrmann, R.; Rochlitz, C. A Phase I Study of Doxorubicin-Loaded Anti-EGFR Immunoliposomes in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29 (Suppl.), Abstract 3029.
108. Chia, S.; Clemons, M.; Martin, L.-A.; Rodgers, A.; Gelmon, K.; Pond, G. R. P.; Panasci, L. Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin and Trastuzumab in HER-2 Overexpressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Phase II trial J. Clin. Oncol. 2006, 24, 2773-2778 (Pubitemid 46630575)
109. Leamon, C. P.; Reddy, J. A.; Klein, P. J.; Vlahov, I. R.; Dorton, R.; Bloomfield, A.; Nelson, M.; Westrick, E.; Parker, N.; Bruna, K.; Vetzel, M.; Gehrke, M.; Nicoson, J. S.; Messmann, R. A.; LoRusso, P. M.; Sausville, E. A. Reducing Undesirable Hepatic Clearance of a Tumor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid via Novel Saccharopeptidic Modifications J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2011, 336, 336-343
110. Naumann, R. W.; Symanowski, J. T.; Ghamande, S. A.; Gabrail, N. Y.; Gilbert, L.; Teneriello, M. G.; Sutton, G.; Lovejoy, C.; Messmann, R. A. PRECEDENT: A Randomized Phase II trial Comparing EC145 and Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD) in Combination, Versus PLD alone, in subjects with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2010, 28 (Suppl.), Abstract LBA5012b.
111. Maeda, H. Tumor-Selective Delivery of Macromolecular Drugs via the EPR effect: Background and Future Prospects Bioconjugate Chem. 2010, 21, 797-802
112. Maier-Hauff, K.; Ulrich, F.; Nestler, D.; Niehoff, H.; Wust, P.; Thiesen, B.; Orawa, H.; Budach, V.; Jordan, A. Efficacy and Safety of Intratumoral Thermotherapy Using Magnetic Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles Combined with External Beam Radiotherapy on Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme J. Neurooncol. 2011, 103, 317-324
113. Casi, G.; Neri, D. Antibody-Drug conjugates: Basic Concepts, Examples and Future Perspectives J. Controlled Release 2012, 161 (2) 422-428
114. Telang, S.; Rasku, M. A.; Clem, A. L.; Carter, K.; Klarer, A. C.; Badger, W. R.; Milam, R. A.; Rai, S. N.; Pan, J.; Gragg, H.; Clem, B. F.; McMasters, K. M.; Miller, D. M.; Chesney, J. Phase II Trial of the Regulatory T Cell-Depleting Agent, Denileukin Diftitox, in Patients with Unresectable Stage IV melanoma BMC Cancer 2011, 11, 515
115. Pollard, J. A.; Alonzo, T. A.; Loken, M.; Gerbing, R. B.; Ho, P. A.; Bernstein, I. D.; Raimondi, S. C.; Hirsch, B.; Franklin, J.; Walter, R. B.; Gamis, A.; Meshinchi, S. Correlation of CD33 Expression Level with Disease Characteristics and Response to Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Containing Chemotherapy in Childhood AML Blood 2012, 119, 3705-3711
116. Brocchini, S.; Duncan, R. Pendent Drugs, Release from Polymers. In Encyclopaedia of Controlled Drug Delivery, Mathiowitz, E., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 1999; pp 786-816.
117. Ducry, L.; Stump, B. Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Linking Cytotoxic Payloads to Monoclonal Antibodies Bioconjugate Chem. 2010, 21, 5-13
118. Edinger, D.; Wagner, E. Bioresponsive Polymers for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. 2011, 3 (1) 33-46
119. Trouet, A.; Masquelier, M.; Baurain, R.; Deprez-De Campeneere, D. A Covalent Linkage between Daunorubicin and Proteins that is Stable in Serum and Reversible by Lysosomal Hydrolases, as Required for a Lysosomotropic Drug-Carrier Conjugate: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1982, 79, 626-629 (Pubitemid 12137764)
120. Duncan, R.; Cable, H. C.; Lloyd, J. B.; Rejmanova, P.; Kopecek, J. Degradation of Side-Chains of N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymers by Lysosomal Thiol-Proteinases Biosci. Rep. 1983, 2, 1041-1046 (Pubitemid 13154918)
121. Vasey, P.; Kaye, S. B.; Morrison, R.; Twelves, C.; Wilson, P.; Duncan, R.; Thomson, A. H.; Murray, L. S.; Hilditch, T. E.; Murray, T.; Burtles, S.; Fraier, D.; Frigerio, E.; Cassidy, J. Phase I Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Study of PK1 [N-(Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymer Doxorubicin]: First Member of a New Class of Chemotherapeutic Agents-Drug-Polymer Conjugates Clin. Cancer Res. 1999, 5, 83-94 (Pubitemid 29045181)
122. Singer, J. W.; Shaffer, S.; Baker, B.; Bernareggi, A.; Stromatt, S.; Nienstedt, D.; Besman, M. Paclitaxel Poliglumex (XYOTAX; CT-2103): An Intracellularly Targeted Taxane Anticancer Drugs 2005, 16, 243-254 (Pubitemid 40283939)
123. Langer, C. J.; OByrne, K. J.; Socinski, M. A.; Mikhailov, S. M.; Lesniewski-Kmak, K.; Smakal, M.; Ciuleanu, T. E.; Orlov, S. V.; Dediu, M.; Heigener, D.; Eisenfeld, A. J.; Sandalic, L.; Oldham, F. B.; Singer, J. W.; Ross, H. J. Phase III Trial Comparing Paclitaxel Poliglumex (CT-2103, PPX) in Combination with Carboplatin Versus Standard Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in the Treatment of PS 2 Patients with Chemotherapy-Naive Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer J. Thorac. Oncol. 2008, 3, 623-630 (Pubitemid 351787307)
124. Yang, J. J.; Kularatne, S. A.; Chen., X.; Low, P. S.; Wang, E. Characterization of In Vivo Disulfide-Reduction Mediated Drug Release in Mouse Kidneys Mol. Pharmaceutics 2012, 9, 310-317
125. Lyon, R. P.; Meyer, D. L.; Setter, J. R.; Senter, P. D. Conjugation of Anticancer Drugs through Endogenous Monoclonal Antibody Cysteine Residues Methods Enzymol. 2012, 502, 123-138
126. Shen, B. Q.; Xu, K.; Liu, L.; Raab, H.; Bhakta, S.; Kenrick, M.; Parsons-Reponte, K. L.; Tien, J.; Yu, S. F.; Mai, E.; Li, D.; Tibbitts, J.; Baudys, J.; Saad, O. M.; Scales, S. J.; McDonald, P. J.; Hass, P. E.; Eigenbrot, C.; Nguyen, T.; Solis, W. A.; Fuji, R. N.; Flagella, K. M.; Patel, D.; Spencer, S. D.; Khawli, L. A.; Ebens, A.; Wong, W. L.; Vandlen, R.; Kaur, S.; Sliwkowski, M. X.; Scheller, R. H.; Polakis, P.; Junutula, J. R. Conjugation Site Modulates the In Vivo Stability and Therapeutic Activity of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Nat. Biotechnol. 2012, 30, 184-189
127. Shabat, D.; Amir, R. J.; Gopin, A.; Pessah, N.; Shamis, M. Chemical Adaptor Systems Chemistry 2004, 10, 2626-2634
128. Wilson, D. S.; Dalmasso, G.; Wang, L.; Sitaraman, S. V.; Merlin, D.; Murthy, N. Orally Delivered Thioketal Nanoparticles Loaded with TNF-α-siRNA Target Inflammation and Inhibit Gene Expression in the Intestines Nat. Mater. 2010, 9, 923-928
129. Duncan, R. Development of HPMA Copolymer Anticancer Conjugates: Clinical Experience and Lessons Learnt Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2009, 61, 1131-1148
130. Beer, T. M.; Ryan, C.; Alumkal, J.; Ryan, C. W.; Sun, J.; Eilers, K. M. A Phase II Study of Paclitaxel Poliglumex in Combination with Transdermal Estradiol for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer after Docetaxel Chemotherapy Anticancer Drugs 2010, 21, 433-438
131. Cox, T. M.; Cachón-González, M. B. The Cellular Pathology of Lysosomal Diseases J. Pathol. 2012, 226, 241-54
132. Muro, S. New Biotechnological and Nanomedicine Strategies for Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. 2010, 2, 189-204
133. Hsu, J.; Serrano, D.; Bhowmick, T.; Kumar, K.; Shen, Y.; Kuo, Y. C.; Garnacho, C.; Muro, S. Enhanced Endothelial Delivery and Biochemical Effects of α-Galactosidase by ICAM-1 Targeted Nanocarriers for Fabry Disease J. Controlled Release 2011, 149, 323-31
134. Shen, D.; Wang, X.; Li, X.; Zhang, X.; Yao, Z.; Dibble, S.; Dong, X. P.; Yu, T.; Lieberman, A. P.; Showalter, H. D.; Xu, H. Lipid Storage Disorders Block Lysosomal Trafficking by Inhibiting a TRP Channel and Lysosomal Calcium Release Nat. Commun. 2012, 3, 731
135. Fraldi, A.; Annunziata, F.; Lombardi, A.; Kaiser, H. J.; Medina, D. L.; Spampanato, C.; Fedele, A. O.; Polishchuk, R.; Sorrentino, N. C.; Simons, K.; Ballabio, A. Lysosomal Fusion and SNARE Function are Impaired by Cholesterol Accumulation in Lysosomal Storage Disorders EMBO J. 2010, 29, 3607-3620
136. Hudson, A. J.; Lee, W.; Porter, J.; Akhtar, J.; Duncan, R.; Akhtar, S. Stability of Antisense Oligonucleotides During Incubation with a Mixture of Lysosomal Enzymes Int. J. Pharm. 1996, 133, 257-263 (Pubitemid 26160852)
137. Ogris, M.; Wagner, E. To be Targeted: Is the Magic Bullet Concept a Viable Option for Synthetic Nucleic Acid Therapeutics? Hum. Gene Ther. 2011, 22 (7) 799-807
138. Wu, G. Y.; Wu, C. H. Receptor-Mediated Gene Delivery and Expression In Vivo J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 14621-14624
139. Boussif, O.; Lezoualch, F.; Zanta, M. A.; Mergny, M. D.; Scherman, D.; Demeneix, B.; Behr, J. P. A Versatile Vector for Gene and Oligonucleotide Transfer into Cells in Culture and In Vivo: Polyethylenimine Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1995, 92, 7297-7301
140. Haensler, J.; Szoka, F. C., Jr. Polyamidoamine Cascade Polymers Mediate Efficient Transfection of Cells in Culture Bioconjugate Chem. 1993, 4, 372-379
141. Felgner, P. L.; Gadek, T. R.; Holm, M.; Roman, R.; Chan, H. W.; Wenz, M.; Northrop, J. P.; Ringold, G. M.; Danielsen, M. Lipofection: A Highly Efficient, Lipid-Mediated DNA-Transfection Procedure Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1987, 84, 7413-7417
142. Tiemann, K.; Rossi, J. J. RNAi-Based Therapeutics-Current Status, Challenges and Prospects EMBO Mol. Med. 2009, 1, 142-151
143. Vaishnaw, A. K.; Gollob, J.; Gamba-Vitalo, C.; Hutabarat, R.; Sah, D.; Meyers, R.; de Fougerolles, T.; Maraganore, J. A Status Report on RNAi Therapeutics Silence 2010, 1, 1-14
144. Cervantes, A.; Alsina, M.; Tabernero, J.; Infante, J. R.; LoRusso, P.; Shapiro, G.; Paz-Ares, L. G.; Falzone, R.; Hill, J.; Cehelsky, J.; White, A.; Toudjarska, I.; Bumcrot, D.; Meyers, R.; Hinkle, G.; Svrzikapa, N.; Sah, D. W.; Vaishnaw, A.; Gollob, J.; Burris, H. A. Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of ALN-VSP02, A Novel RNAi Therapeutic for Solid Tumors with Liver Involvement. J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29 (Suppl.), Abstract 3025.
145. Strumberg, D.; Schultheis, B.; Traugott, U.; Vank, C.; Santel, A.; Keil, O.; Giese, K.; Kaufmann, J.; Drevs, J. First-In-Human Phase I Study of Atu027, a Liposomal Small Interfering RNA Formulation, Targeting Protein Kinase N3 (PKN3) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29 (Suppl.), Abstract 3057.
146. Behr, J. P. Synthetic Gene Transfer Vectors II: Back to the Future Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 45 (7) 980-984
147. Nguyen, J.; Szoka, F. C. Nucleic Acid Delivery: The Missing Pieces of the Puzzle? Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 45 (7) 1153-1162
148. Johansson, A. C.; Appelqvist, H.; Nilsson, C.; Kågedal, K.; Roberg, K.; Ollinger, K. Regulation of Apoptosis-Associated Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Apoptosis 2010, 15, 527-540
149. Alves, I. D.; Jiao, C. Y.; Aubry, S.; Aussedat, B.; Burlina, F.; Chassaing, G.; Sagan, S. Cell Biology Meets Biophysics to Unveil the Different Mechanisms of Penetratin Internalization in Cells Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2010, 1798, 2231-2239
150. Nakase, I.; Kobayashi, S.; Futaki, S. Endosome-Disruptive Peptides for Improving Cytosolic Delivery of Bioactive Macromolecules Biopolymers 2010, 94, 763-770
151. Nevo, A.; De Vries, A.; Katchalski, A. Interaction of Basic Polyamino Acids with Red Blood Cells. I. Combination of Polylysine with Single Cells Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1955, 17, 536-547
152. Kachalski, A.; Dannon, D.; Nevo, A. Interactions of Basic Polyelectrolytes with Red Blood Cells II. Agglutination of Red Blood Cells by Basic Polymers Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1959, 33, 120-138
153. Kawai, A.; Uchiyama, H.; Takano, S.; Nakamura, N.; Ohkuma, S. Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion Depends on the pH in Acidic Compartments in CHO cells Autophagy 2007, 3, 154-157 (Pubitemid 46449110)
154. Sonawane, N. D.; Szoka, F. C. J.; Verkman, A. S. Chloride Accumulation and Swelling in Endosomes Enhances DNA Transfer by Polyamine-DNA Polyplexes J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278, 44826-44831 (Pubitemid 37377241)
155. Enkvetchakul, D. Genetic Disorders of Ion Channels Mol. Med. 2010, 107, 270-275
156. Hachez, C.; Chaumont, F. Aquaporins: A Family of Highly Regulated Multifunctional Channels Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2010, 679, 1-17
157. Won, Y.; Sharma, R.; Konieczny, S. Missing Pieces in Understanding the Intracellular Trafficking of Polycation/DNA Complexes J. Controlled Release 2009, 139, 88-93
158. Hafez, I. M.; Maurer, N.; Cullis, P. R. On The Mechanism Whereby Cationic Lipids Promote Intracellular Delivery of Polynucleic Acids Gene Ther. 2001, 8, 1188-1196 (Pubitemid 32776393)
159. Jadot, M.; Andrianaivo, F.; Dubois, F.; Wattiaux, R. Effects of Methylcyclodextrin on Lysosomes Eur. J. Biochem. 2002, 268, 1392-1399 (Pubitemid 32231892)
160. Wattiaux, R.; Jadot, M.; Warnier-Pirotte, M. T.; Wattiaux-De Coninck, S. Cationic Lipids Destabilize Lysosomal Membrane In Vitro FEBS Lett. 1997, 417, 199-202 (Pubitemid 27491732)
161. Pettit, M. W.; Griffiths, P.; Ferruti, P.; Richardson, S. C. W. Poly(amidoamine) Polymers: Soluble Linear Amphiphilic Drug-Delivery Systems for Genes, Proteins and Oligonucleotides Ther. Delivery 2011, 2, 907-917
162. Khayat., Z.; Griffiths, P.; Grillo, I.; King, S. M.; Duncan, R. Characterising the Size and Shape of Polyamidoamines in Solution as a Function of pH Using Neutron Scattering and Pulsed-Gradient Spin-Echo NMR Int. J. Pharm. 2006, 317, 175-186
163. Akinc, A.; Langer, R. Measuring the pH Environment of DNA Delivered Using Nonviral Vectors: Implications for Lysosomal Trafficking Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2002, 78, 503-508 (Pubitemid 34727946)
164. Blanchette, C. D.; Woo, Y. H.; Thomas, C.; Shen, N.; Sulchek, T. A.; Hiddessen, A. L. Decoupling Internalization, Acidification and Phagosomal-Endosomal/Lysosomal Fusion During Phagocytosis of InlA Coated Beads in Epithelial Cells PLoS One 2009, 4 (6) e6056
165. Zornetta, I.; Brandi, L.; Janowiak, B.; Dal Molin, F.; Tonello, F.; Collier, R. J.; Montecucco, C. Imaging the Cell Entry of the Anthrax Oedema and Lethal Toxins with Fluorescent Protein Chimeras Cell. Microbiol. 2010, 12,
166. Tarragó-Trani, M. T.; Storrie, B. Alternate Routes for Drug Delivery to the Cell Interior: Pathways to the Golgi Apparatus and Endoplasmic Reticulum Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2007, 59, 782-97 (Pubitemid 47320814)
167. Haicheur, N.; Bismuth, E.; Bosset, S.; Adotevi, O.; Warnier, G.; Lacabanne, V.; Regnault, A.; Desaymard, C.; Amiogorena, S.; Ricciardi- Castagnoli, P.; Goud, B.; Fridman, W. H.; Johannes, L.; Tartour, E. The B Subunit of Shiga Toxin Fused to a Tumor Antigen Elicits CTL and Targets Dendritic Cells to Allow MHC Class I-Restricted Presentation of Peptides Derived from Exogenous Antigens J. Immunol. 2000, 165, 3301-3308
168. Vingert, B.; Adotevi, O.; Patin, D.; Jung, S.; Shrikant, P.; Freyburger, L.; Eppolito, C.; Sapoznikov, A.; Amessou, M.; Quintin-Colonna, F.; Fridman, W. H.; Johannes, L.; Tartour, E. The Shiga Toxin B-Subunit Targets Antigen In Vivo to Dendritic Cells and Elicits Anti-Tumor Immunity Eur. J. Immunol. 2006, 36, 1124-1135
169. Barrett, L. B.; Berry, M.; Ying, W. B.; Hodgkin, M. N.; Seymour, L. W.; Gonzalez, A. M.; Read, M. L.; Baird, A.; Logan, A. CTb Targeted Non-Viral cDNA Delivery Enhances Transgene Expression in Neurons J. Gene Med. 2004, 6, 429-438 (Pubitemid 40228059)
170. Gaspar, R.; Duncan, R. Polymeric Carriers: Preclinical Safety and the Regulatory Implications for Design and Development of Polymer Therapeutics Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2009, 61, 1220-1231
171. Nyström, A. M.; Fadeel., B. Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials: Implications for Nanomedicine J. Controlled Release 2012, 161 (2) 403-408
172. Huang, W. C.; Chang, C. H.; Tsai, C. C. Polyvinylpyrrolidone Storage Disease Presenting as Pathologic fracture and Anemia: Report of a Case with Imprint Cytology Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012, 40, 69-72
173. Young, M. A.; Malavalli, A.; Winslow, N.; Vandegriff, K. D.; Winslow, R. M. Toxicity and Hemodynamic Effects after Single Dose Administration of MalPEG-Hemoglobin (MP4) in Rhesus Monkeys Transl. Res. 2007, 149, 333-342 (Pubitemid 46818159)
174. Zabirnyk, O.; Yezhelyev, M.; Seleverstov, O. Nanoparticles as a Novel Class of Autophagy Activators Autophagy 2007, 3, 278-281 (Pubitemid 46752698)
175. Lee, J.; Giordano, S.; Zhang, J. Autophagy, Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress: Cross-Talk and Redox Signalling Biochem. J. 2012, 441, 523-540
176. 2 and its Suitability for Use in Combination Therapy Mol. Pharmaceutics 2010, 7, 510-521
177. Menjoge, A. R.; Rinderknecht, A.; Navath, R. S.; Faridnia, M.; Kim, C. J.; Romero, R.; Miller, R. K.; Kannan, R. M. Transfer of PAMAM Dendrimers Across Human Placenta: Prospects of its Use as Drug Carrier During Pregnancy J. Controlled Release 2011, 153, 326-338
178. Yamashita, K.; Yoshioka, Y.; Higashisaka, K.; Mimura, K.; Morishita, Y.; Nozaki, M.; Yoshida, T.; Ogura, T.; Nabeshi, H.; Nagano, K.; Abe, Y.; Kamada, H.; Monobe, Y.; Imazawa, T.; Aoshima, H.; Shishido, K.; Kawai, Y.; Mayumi, T.; Tsunoda, S.; Itoh, N.; Yoshikawa, T.; Yanagihara, I.; Saito, S.; Tsutsumi, Y. Silica and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Cause Pregnancy Complications in Mice Nat. Nanotechnol. 2011, 6, 321-328
179. Duncan, R.; Vicent, M. J. Polymer Therapeutics-Prospects for 21st Century: The End of the Beginning. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2012, in press.
180. Zhang, J.; Naslavsky, N.; Caplan, S. Rabs and EHDs: Alternate Modes for Traffic Control Biosci. Rep. 2012, 32, 17-23
181. Wright, M. H.; Berlin, I.; Nash, P. D. Regulation of Endocytic Sorting by ESCRT-DUB-Mediated Deubiquitination Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2011, 60, 39-46
182. 125I-Labelled Polyamidoamine Dendrimers In Vivo J. Controlled Release 2000, 65, 133-148 (Pubitemid 30122922)