Hypoxia-inducible factor in thyroid carcinoma

Journal of Thyroid Research

Volumn 2011, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Burrows, Natalie ^a   Babur, Muhammad ^a   Resch, Julia ^b   Williams, Kaye J ^a   Brabant, Georg ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b Medizinische Klinik i   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 MORPHOLINO 8 PHENYLCHROMONE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; BEVACIZUMAB; ETOPOSIDE; GROWTH FACTOR; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1BETA; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 2ALPHA; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR INHIBITOR; LIOTHYRONINE; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; MESSENGER RNA; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; OXYGEN; PD 098095; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE INHIBITOR; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN KINASE B; RADIOACTIVE IODINE; THYROID HORMONE; THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR ALPHA; THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR BETA; THYROXINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN; VON HIPPEL LINDAU PROTEIN;

CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RESISTANCE; CARCINOMA CELL; CELL SURVIVAL; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; DRUG MECHANISM; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; OXYGEN TENSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN TARGETING; RADIATION RESPONSE; RADIOSENSITIVITY; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; THYROID CARCINOMA; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION; VHL GENE;

EID: 83155190060     PISSN: 20908067     EISSN: 20420072     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4061/2011/762905     Document Type: Review

References (130)

1. P. Birner, M. Schindl, A. Obermair, G. Breitenecker, and G. Oberhuber, "Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in epithelial ovarian tumors: its impact on prognosis and on response to chemotherapy", Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1661-1668, 2001. (Pubitemid 32708633)
2. D. M. Aebersold, P. Burri, K. T. Beer et al., "Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha: a novel predictive and prognostic parameter in the radiotherapy of oropharyngeal cancer", Cancer Research, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 2911-2916, 2001. (Pubitemid 32691934)
3. M. Höckel and P. Vaupel, "Tumor hypoxia: definitions and current clinical, biologic, and molecular aspects", Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 93, no. 4, pp. 266-276, 2001. (Pubitemid 32219813)
4. M. C. Brahimi-Horn and J. Pouysségur, "Harnessing the hypoxia-inducible factor in cancer and ischemic disease", Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 450-457, 2007. (Pubitemid 44958373)
5. K. Hirota and G. L. Semenza, "Regulation of hypoxiainducible factor 1 by prolyl and asparaginyl hydroxylases", Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 338, no. 1, pp. 610-616, 2005. (Pubitemid 41540610)
6. J. Pouysségur and F. Mechta-Grigoriou, "Redox regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor", Biological Chemistry, vol. 387, no. 10-11, pp. 1337-1346, 2006. (Pubitemid 44691412)
7. S. A. Patel and M. C. Simon, "Biology of hypoxia-inducible factor-2a in development and disease", Cell Death & Differentiation, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 628-634, 2008. (Pubitemid 351405065)
8. A. Loboda, A. Jozkowicz, and J. Dulak, "HIF-1 and HIF-2 transcription factors-similar but not identical", Molecules & Cells, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 435-442, 2010.
9. O. Aprelikova, M. Wood, S. Tackett, G. V. R. Chandramouli, and J. C. Barrett, "Role of ETS transcription factors in the hypoxia-inducible factor-2 target gene selection", Cancer Research, vol. 66, no. 11, pp. 5641-5647, 2006. (Pubitemid 43927116)
10. C. J. Hu, L. I. Y. Wang, L. A. Chodosh, B. Keith, and M. C. Simon, "Differential roles of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and HIF-2alpha in hypoxic gene regulation", Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 23, no. 24, pp. 9361-9374, 2003. (Pubitemid 37499822)
11. C. Warnecke, Z. Zaborowska, J. Kurreck et al., "Differentiating the functional role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and HIF-2alpha (EPAS-1) by the use of RNA interference: erythropoietin is a HIF-2alpha target gene in Hep3B and Kelly cells", The FASEB Journal, vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 1462-1464, 2004. (Pubitemid 39561615)
12. L. Holmquist-Mengelbier, E. Fredlund, T. Löfstedt et al., "Recruitment of HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha to common target genes is differentially regulated in neuroblastoma: HIF-2alpha promotes an aggressive phenotype", Cancer Cell, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 413-423, 2006. (Pubitemid 44693470)
13. T. Tanaka, M. Wiesener, W. Bernhardt, K. U. Eckardt, and C. Warnecke, "The human HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) - 3alpha gene is a HIF-1 target gene and may modulate hypoxic gene induction", Biochemical Journal, vol. 424, no. 1, pp. 143-151, 2009.
14. P. H. Maxwell, M. S. Wlesener, G. W. Chang et al., "The tumour suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis", Nature, vol. 399, no. 6733, pp. 271-275, 1999. (Pubitemid 29246458)
15. J. R. Gnarra, J. M. Ward, F. D. Porter et al., "Defective placental vasculogenesis causes embryonic lethality in VHL-deficient mice", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 94, no. 17, pp. 9102-9107, 1997.
16. S. C. Clifford, M. E. Cockman, A. C. Smallwood et al., "Contrasting effects on HIF-1alpha regulation by disease-causing pVHL mutations correlate with patterns of tumourigenesis invon Hippel-Lindau disease", Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1029-1038, 2001. (Pubitemid 32447780)
17. P. P. Kapitsinou and V. H. Haase, "The VHL tumor suppressor and HIF: insights from genetic studies in mice", Cell Death & Differentiation, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 650-659, 2008. (Pubitemid 351405068)
18. C. J. Schofield and P. J. Ratcliffe, "Signalling hypoxia by HIF hydroxylases", Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 338, no. 1, pp. 617-626, 2005. (Pubitemid 41541972)
19. W. M. Linehan, R. Srinivasan, and L. S. Schmidt, "The genetic basis of kidney cancer: a metabolic disease", Nature Reviews Urology, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 277-285, 2010.
20. P. J. Pollard, N. C. Wortham, and I. P. Tomlinson, "The TCA cycle and tumorigenesis: the examples of fumarate hydratase and succinate dehydrogenase", Annals of Medicine, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 632-639, 2003. (Pubitemid 38005318)
21. M. A. Selak, S. M. Armour, E. D. MacKenzie et al., "Succinate links TCA cycle dysfunction to oncogenesis by inhibiting HIF-alpha; prolyl hydroxylase", Cancer Cell, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 77-85, 2005. (Pubitemid 40126384)
22. E. Gottlieb and I. P. Tomlinson, "Mitochondrial tumour suppressors: a genetic and biochemical update", Nature Reviews Cancer, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 857-866, 2005. (Pubitemid 41746030)
23. B. Pasini and C. A. Stratakis, "SDH mutations in tumorigenesis and inherited endocrine tumours: lesson from the phaeochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndromes", Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 266, no. 1, pp. 19-42, 2009.
24. J. A. Fagin and N. Mitsiades, "Molecular pathology of thyroid cancer: diagnostic and clinical implications", Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 955-969, 2008.
25. D. Roymans and H. Slegers, "Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases in tumor progression", European Journal of Biochemistry, vol. 268, no. 3, pp. 487-498, 2001. (Pubitemid 32862605)
26. M. Hanada, J. Feng, and B. A. Hemmings, "Structure, regulation and function of PKB/AKT-A major therapeutic target", Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 1697, no. 1-2, pp. 3-16, 2004. (Pubitemid 38326757)
27. E. Berra, J. Milanini, D. E. Richard et al., "Signaling angiogenesis via p42/p44 MAP kinase and hypoxia", Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 1171-1178, 2000.
28. G. L. Semenza, "HIF-1 and tumor progression: pathophysiology and therapeutics", Trends in Molecular Medicine, vol. 8, no. 4, supplement, pp. S62-S67, 2002. (Pubitemid 34297081)
29. N. Burrows, J. Resch, R. L. Cowen et al., "Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in thyroid carcinomas", Endocrine-Related Cancer, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 61-72, 2010.
30. M. Zerilli, G. Zito, A. Martorana et al., "BRAF mutation influences hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression levels in papillary thyroid cancer", Modern Pathology, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1052-1060, 2010.
31. N. Sang, D. P. Stiehl, J. Bohensky, I. Leshchinsky, V. Srinivas, and J. Caro, "MAPK signaling up-regulates the activity of hypoxia-inducible factors by its effects on p300", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 278, no. 16, pp. 14013-14019, 2003. (Pubitemid 36799945)
32. D. E. Richard, E. Berra, E. Gothié, D. Roux, and J. Pouysségur, "p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases phosphorylate hypoxia-reducible factor (HIF-1alpha) and enhance the transcriptional activity of HIF-1", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 274, no. 46, pp. 32631-32637, 1999. (Pubitemid 129535289)
33. K. Hirota and G. L. Semenza, "Rac1 Activity is Required for the Activation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, no. 24, pp. 21166-21172, 2001.
34. G. L. Semenza, "Signal transduction to hypoxia-inducible factor 1", Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 64, no. 5-6, pp. 993-998, 2002. (Pubitemid 35232274)
35. A. Görlach, U. Berchner-Pfannschmidt, C. Wotzlaw et al., "Reactive oxygen species modulate HIF-I mediated PAI-I expression: involvement of the GTPase RacI", Thrombosis & Haemostasis, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 926-935, 2003. (Pubitemid 36603435)
36. I. Mylonis, G. Chachami, M. Samiotaki et al., "Identification of MAPK phosphorylation sites and their role in the localization and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 281, no. 44, pp. 33095-33106, 2006. (Pubitemid 46043259)
37. R. Fukuda, K. Hirota, F. Fan, Y. D. Jung, L. M. Ellis, and G. L. Semenza, "Insulin-like growth factor 1 induces hypoxiainducible factor 1-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor expression, which is dependent on MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in colon cancer cells", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 277, no. 41, pp. 38205-38211, 2002. (Pubitemid 35154674)
38. K. T. Tang and C. H. Lee, "BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma: pathogenic role and clinical implications", Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 113-128, 2010.
39. R. Ciampi and Y. E. Nikiforov, "Minireview: RET/PTC rearrangements and braf mutations in thyroid tumorigenesis", Endocrinology, vol. 148, no. 3, pp. 936-941, 2007.
40. Y. Li, M. Nakamura, and K. Kakudo, "Targeting of the BRAF gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma (review)", Oncology Reports, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 671-681, 2009.
41. J. E. Paes and M. D. Ringel, "Dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in thyroid neoplasia", Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 375-387, 2008. (Pubitemid 351698084)
42. A. T. Franco, R. Malaguarnera, S. Refetoff et al., "Thyrotrophin receptor signaling dependence of Braf-induced thyroid tumor initiation in mice", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 108, no. 4, pp. 1615-1620, 2011.
43. A. Greco, M. G. Borrello, C. Miranda, D. Degl'Innocenti, and M. A. Pieroiti, "Molecular pathology of differentiated thyroid cancer", Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 440-454, 2009.
44. H. Kikuchi, M. S. Pino, Z. Min, S. Shirasawa, and D. C. Chung, "Oncogenic KRAS and BRAF differentially regulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and -2alpha in colon cancer", Cancer Research, vol. 69, no. 21, pp. 8499-8506, 2009.
45. P. Papageorgis, K. Cheng, S. Ozturk et al., "Smad4 inactivation promotes malignancy and drug resistance of colon cancer", Cancer Research, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 998-1008, 2011.
46. J. I. Bärdos and M. Ashcroft, "Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and oncogenic signalling", BioEssays, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 262-269, 2004. (Pubitemid 38325667)
47. M. Saji and M. D. Ringel, "The PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in initiation and progression of thyroid tumors", Molecular & Cellular Endocrinology, vol. 321, no. 1, pp. 20-28, 2010.
48. A. C. Gingras, B. Raught, and N. Sonenberg, "Regulation of translation initiation by FRAP/mTOR", Genes & Development, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 807-826, 2001. (Pubitemid 32295062)
49. R. T. Peterson, B. N. Desai, J. S. Hardwick, and S. L. Schreiber, "Protein phosphatase 2A interacts with the 70-kDa S6 kinase and is activated by inhibition of FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 96, no. 8, pp. 4438-4442, 1999. (Pubitemid 29190354)
50. E. Laughner, P. Taghavi, K. Chiles, P. C. Mahon, and G. L. Semenza, "HER2 (neu) signaling increases the rate of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) synthesis: novel mechanism for HIF-1-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor expression", Molecular & Cellular Biology, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 3995-4004, 2001. (Pubitemid 32476461)
51. H. Zhong, K. Chiles, D. Feldser et al., "Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha expression by the epidermal growth factor/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PTEN/AKT/FRAP pathway in human prostate cancer cells: implications for tumor angiogenesis and therapeutics", Cancer Research, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 1541-1545, 2000. (Pubitemid 30183422)
52. A. A. Kazi and R. D. Koos, "Estrogen-induced activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and edema in the uterus are mediated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway", Endocrinology, vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 2363-2374, 2007. (Pubitemid 46997054)
53. N. D. Deocampo, H. Huang, and D. J. Tindall, "The role of PTEN in the progression and survival of prostate cancer", Minerva Endocrinologica, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 145-153, 2003.
54. W. Zundel, C. Schindler, D. Haas-Kogan et al., "Loss of PTEN facilitates HIF-1-mediated gene expression", Genes and Development, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 391-396, 2000. (Pubitemid 30131884)
55. C. Eng, "Role of PTEN, a lipid phosphatase upstream effector of protein kinase B, in epithelial thyroid carcinogenesis", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 968, pp. 213-221, 2002. (Pubitemid 34721882)
56. A. Astanehe, D. Arenillas, W. W. Wasserman et al., "Mechanisms underlying p53 regulation of PIK3CA transcription in ovarian surface epithelium and in ovarian cancer", Journal of Cell Science, vol. 121, no. 5, pp. 664-674, 2008. (Pubitemid 351524165)
57. M. Cully, H. You, A. J. Levine, and T. W. Mak, "Beyond PTEN mutations: the PI3K pathway as an integrator of multiple inputs during tumorigenesis", Nature Reviews Cancer, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 184-192, 2006. (Pubitemid 43292562)
58. R. Ravi, B. Mookerjee, Z. M. Bhujwalla et al., "Regulation of tumor angiogenesis by p53-induced degradation of hypoxiainducible factor 1alpha", Genes & Development, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 34-44, 2000. (Pubitemid 30051577)
59. H. Harada, S. Itasaka, S. Kizaka-Kondoh et al., "The Akt/mTOR pathway assures the synthesis of HIF-1alpha protein in a glucose-and reoxygenation-dependent manner in irradiated tumors", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 284, no. 8, pp. 5332-5342, 2009.
60. J. B. Brugarolas, F. Vazquez, A. Reddy, W. R. Sellers, and W. G. Kaelin, "TSC2 regulates VEGF through mTOR-dependent and -independent pathways", Cancer Cell, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 147-158, 2003. (Pubitemid 37045363)
61. E. A. Dunlop and A. R. Tee, "Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1: signalling inputs, substrates and feedback mechanisms", Cellular Signalling, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 827-835, 2009.
62. R. Bernardi, I. Guernah, D. Jin et al., "PML inhibits HIF-1alpha translation and neoangiogenesis through repression of mTOR", Nature, vol. 442, no. 7104, pp. 779-785, 2006. (Pubitemid 44258904)
63. S. C. Land and A. R. Tee, "Hypoxia-inducible factor 1aplha is regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) via an mTOR signaling motif", The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 282, no. 28, pp. 20534-20543, 2007. (Pubitemid 47100043)
64. A. Kaidi, A. C. Williams, and C. Paraskeva, "Interaction between alpha-catenin and HIF-1 promotes cellular adaptation to hypoxia", Nature Cell Biology, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 210-217, 2007. (Pubitemid 46420864)
65. M. M. Baldewijns, I. J. H. Van Vlodrop, P. B. Vermeulen, P. M. M. B. Soetekouw, M. Van Engeland, and A. P. De Brüine, "VHL and HIF signalling in renal cell carcinogenesis", The Journal of Pathology, vol. 221, no. 2, pp. 125-138, 2010.
66. M. Höckel and P. Vaupel, "Biological consequences of tumor hypoxia", Seminars in Oncology, vol. 28, no. 2, supplement 8, pp. 36-41, 2001. (Pubitemid 32522236)
67. P. Vaupel and L. Harrison, "Tumor hypoxia: causative factors, compensatory mechanisms, and cellular response", Oncologist, vol. 9, supplement 5, pp. 4-9, 2004. (Pubitemid 39658340)
68. A. Chavez, L. F. Miranda, P. Pichiule, and J. C. Chavez, "Mitochondria and hypoxia-induced gene expression mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1147, pp. 312-320, 2008.
69. Y. Jiang, W. Zhang, K. Kondo et al., "Gene expression profiling in a renal cell carcinoma cell line: dissecting VHL and hypoxia-dependent pathways", Molecular Cancer Research, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 453-462, 2003. (Pubitemid 36459256)
70. W. G. Kaelin Jr., "The von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein: O2 sensing and cancer", Nature Reviews Cancer, vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 865-873, 2008.
71. J. A. Bertout, S. A. Patel, and M. C. Simon, "The impact of O2 availability on human cancer", Nature Reviews Cancer, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 967-975, 2008.
72. M. Milani and A. L. Harris, "Targeting tumour hypoxia in breast cancer", European Journal of Cancer, vol. 44, no. 18, pp. 2766-2773, 2008.
73. J. J. Hung, M. H. Yang, H. S. Hsu, W. H. Hsu, J. S. Liu, and K. J. Wu, "Prognostic significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, TWIST1 and Snail expression in resectable non-small cell lung cancer", Thorax, vol. 64, no. 12, pp. 1082-1089, 2009.
74. C. A. Scrideli, C. G. Carlotti, J. F. Mata et al., "Prognostic significance of co-overexpression of the EGFR/IGFBP-2/HIF-2A genes in astrocytomas", Journal of Neuro-Oncology, vol. 83, no. 3, pp. 233-239, 2007. (Pubitemid 46952233)
75. K. M. Comerford, T. J. Wallace, J. Karhausen, N. A. Louis, M. C. Montalto, and S. P. Colgan, "Hypoxia-inducible factor-1-dependent regulation of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene", Cancer Research, vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 3387-3394, 2002. (Pubitemid 34651384)
76. S. Park, C. Shimizu, T. Shimoyama et al., "Gene expression profiling of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters as a predictor of the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients", Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 9-17, 2006. (Pubitemid 44168598)
77. H. Yasuda, "Solid tumor physiology and hypoxia-induced chemo/radio-resistance: novel strategy for cancer therapy: nitric oxide donor as a therapeutic enhancer", Nitric Oxide-Biology and Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 205-216, 2008.
78. A. V. Salnikov, N. E. Heldin, L. B. Stuhr et al., "Inhibition of carcinoma cell-derived VEGF reduces inflammatory characteristics in xenograft carcinoma", International Journal of Cancer, vol. 119, no. 12, pp. 2795-2802, 2006. (Pubitemid 44846230)
79. Y. Boucher, L. T. Baxter, and R. K. Jain, "Interstitial pressure gradients in tissue-isolated and subcutaneous tumors: implications for therapy", Cancer Research, vol. 50, no. 15, pp. 4478-4484, 1990. (Pubitemid 20230379)
80. N. Qayum, R. J. Muschel, H. I. Jae et al., "Tumor vascular changes mediated by inhibition of oncogenic signaling", Cancer Research, vol. 69, no. 15, pp. 6347-6354, 2009.
81. S. Pastorekova, J. Kopacek, and J. Pastorek, "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and the management of cancer", Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 865-878, 2007. (Pubitemid 46830331)
82. S. E. Rademakers, P. N. Span, J. H. A. M. Kaanders, F. C. G. J. Sweep, A. J. Van der Kogel, and J. Bussink, "Molecular aspects of tumour hypoxia", Molecular Oncology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 41-53, 2008.
83. N. Raghunand and R. J. Gillies, "pH and chemotherapy", Novartis Foundation Symposium, vol. 240, pp. 199-211, 2001. (Pubitemid 33603788)
84. L. M. Brown, R. L. Cowen, C. Debray et al., "Reversing hypoxic cell chemoresistance in vitro using genetic and small molecule approaches targeting hypoxia inducible factor-1", Molecular Pharmacology, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 411-418, 2006. (Pubitemid 43121938)
85. M. Abend, "Reasons to reconsider the significance of apoptosis for cancer therapy", International Journal of Radiation Biology, vol. 79, no. 12, pp. 927-941, 2003. (Pubitemid 38147054)
86. D. Eriksson and T. Stigbrand, "Radiation-induced cell death mechanisms", Tumor Biology, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 363-372, 2010.
87. M. I. Koukourakis, A. Giatromanolaki, E. Sivridis et al., "Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1A and HIF2A), angiogenesis, and chemoradiotherapy outcome of squamous cell headand-neck cancer", International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1192-1202, 2002. (Pubitemid 34787855)
88. B. J. Moeller, Y. Cao, C. Y. Li, and M. W. Dewhirst, "Radiation activates HIF-1 to regulate vascular radiosensitivity in tumors: role of reoxygenation, free radicals, and stress granules", Cancer Cell, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 429-441, 2004. (Pubitemid 38610245)
89. N. Chadderton, R. L. Cowen, F. C. D. Sheppard et al., "Dual responsive promoters to target therapeutic gene expression to radiation-resistant hypoxic tumor cells", International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 213-222, 2005. (Pubitemid 40591945)
90. M. I. Koukourakis, S. M. Bentzen, A. Giatromanolaki et al., "Endogenous markers of two separate hypoxia response pathways (hypoxia inducible factor 2 alpha and carbonic anhydrase 9) are associated with radiotherapy failure in head and neck cancer patients recruited in the CHART randomized trial", Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 727-735, 2006. (Pubitemid 46622039)
91. E. Metzen, J. Zhou, W. Jelkmann, J. Fandrey, and B. Brüne, "Nitric oxide impairs normoxic degradation of HIF-1alpha by inhibition of prolyl hydroxylases", Molecular Biology of the Cell, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 3470-3481, 2003. (Pubitemid 37013142)
92. L. Milas, K. Mason, N. Hunter et al., "In vivo enhancement of tumor radioresponse by C225 antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody", Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 701-708, 2000. (Pubitemid 30111496)
93. T. J. Kim, J. W. Lee, S. Y. Song et al., "Increased expression of pAKT is associated with radiation resistance in cervical cancer", British Journal of Cancer, vol. 94, no. 11, pp. 1678-1682, 2006. (Pubitemid 43924932)
94. J. A. Bonner, P. M. Harari, J. Giralt et al., "Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck", New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 354, no. 6, pp. 567-578, 2006. (Pubitemid 43209104)
95. R. Prevo, E. Deutsch, O. Sampson et al., "Class I PI3 kinase inhibition by the pyridinylfuranopyrimidine inhibitor PI-103 enhances tumor radiosensitivity", Cancer Research, vol. 68, no. 14, pp. 5915-5923, 2008.
96. J. S. Chen, L. J. Zhou, M. Entin-Meer et al., "Characterization of structurally distinct, isoform-selective phosphoinositide 3'-kinase inhibitors in combination with radiation in the treatment of glioblastoma", Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 841-850, 2008. (Pubitemid 351551037)
97. X. Li, E. A. Kimbrel, D. J. Kenan, and D. P. McDonnell, "Direct interactions between corepressors and coactivators permit the integration of nuclear receptor-mediated repression and activation", Molecular Endocrinology, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1482-1491, 2002. (Pubitemid 34743668)
98. H. Y. Lin, M. Sun, H. Y. Tang et al., "L-thyroxine vs. 3, 5, 3'-triiodo-L-thyronine and cell proliferation: activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase", American Journal of Physiology, vol. 296, no. 5, pp. C980-C991, 2009.
99. L. C. Moeller, X. Cao, A. M. Dumitrescu, H. Seo, and S. Refetoff, "Thyroid hormone mediated changes in gene expression can be initiated by cytosolic action of the thyroid hormone receptor beta through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway", Nuclear Receptor Signaling Atlas, vol. 4, p. e020, 2006.
100. F. Furuya, J. A. Hanover, and S. Y. Cheng, "Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling by a mutant thyroid hormone ß receptor", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 1780-1785, 2006. (Pubitemid 43228770)
101. Y. Hiroi, H. H. Kim, H. Ying et al., "Rapid nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 103, no. 38, pp. 14104-14109, 2006. (Pubitemid 44452987)
102. L. A. Palmer, G. L. Semenza, M. H. Stoler, and R. A. Johns, "Hypoxia induces type II NOS gene expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells via HIF-1", American Journal of Physiology, vol. 274, no. 2, pp. L212-L219, 1998.
103. R. Liu, Z. Li, S. Bai et al., "Mechanism of cancer cell adaptation to metabolic stress: proteomics identification of a novel thyroid hormone-mediated gastric carcinogenic signaling pathway", Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 70-85, 2009.
104. H. Y. Lin, S. Zhang, B. L. West et al., "Identification of the putative MAP kinase docking site in the thyroid hormone receptor-alpha1 DNA-binding domain: functional consequences of mutations at the docking site", Biochemistry, vol. 42, no. 24, pp. 7571-7579, 2003. (Pubitemid 36735834)
105. Y. Ma, P. Freitag, J. Zhou, B. Brüne, S. Frede, and J. Fandrey, "Thyroid hormone induces erythropoietin gene expression through augmented accumulation of hypoxiainducible factor-1", American Journal of Physiology, vol. 287, no. 3, pp. R600-R607, 2004. (Pubitemid 39095935)
106. T. Otto and J. Fandrey, "Thyroid hormone induces hypoxiainducible factor 1alpha gene expression through thyroid hormone receptor beta/retinoid x receptor alpha-dependent activation of hepatic leukemia factor", Endocrinology, vol. 149, no. 5, pp. 2241-2250, 2008. (Pubitemid 351574540)
107. W. S. Simonides, M. A. Mulcahey, E. M. Redout et al., "Hypoxia-inducible factor induces local thyroid hormone inactivation during hypoxic-ischemic disease in rats", The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 118, no. 3, pp. 975-983, 2008. (Pubitemid 351364605)
108. A. M. Jubb, T. Q. Pham, A. M. Hanby et al., "Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, and carbonic anhydrase IX in human tumours", Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 504-512, 2004. (Pubitemid 38621796)
109. D. C. Allred, G. M. Clark, R. Elledge et al., "Association of p53 protein expression with tumor cell proliferation rate and clinical outcome in node-negative breast cancer", Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 200-206, 1993. (Pubitemid 23046895)
110. J. Pouysségur, F. Dayan, and N. M. Mazure, "Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regression", Nature, vol. 441, no. 7092, pp. 437-443, 2006. (Pubitemid 44050138)
111. P. Hou, D. Liu, Y. Shan et al., "Genetic alterations and their relationship in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in thyroid cancer", Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1161-1170, 2007. (Pubitemid 46424056)
112. Y. Wang, P. Hou, H. Yu et al., "High prevalence and mutual exclusivity of genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt pathway in thyroid tumors", Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 2387-2390, 2007. (Pubitemid 46997152)
113. G. Bunone, P. Vigneri, L. Mariani et al., "Expression of angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors in human thyroid tumors and correlation with clinical pathological features", American Journal of Pathology, vol. 155, no. 6, pp. 1967-1976, 1999.
114. A. B. Kilicarslan, M. Ogus, C. Arici, H. E. Pestereli, M. Cakir, and G. Karpuzoglu, "Clinical importance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for papillary thyroid carcinomas", APMIS, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 439-443, 2003. (Pubitemid 36560544)
115. C. M. Lennard, A. Patel, J. Wilson et al., "Intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor expression is associated with increased risk of recurrence and decreased disease-free survival in papillary thyroid cancer", Surgery, vol. 129, no. 5, pp. 552-558, 2001. (Pubitemid 32374986)
116. J. M. Vieira, S. C. Santos, C. Espadinha et al., "Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors in thyroid carcinomas of follicular origin: a potential autocrine loop", European Journal of Endocrinology, vol. 129, no. 5, pp. 552-558, 2005.
117. R. T. Kloos, M. H. Shah, M. D. Ringel et al., "Phase II trial of sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer", Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 1675-1684, 2009.
118. S. A. Wells Jr., J. E. Gosnell, R. F. Gagel et al., "Vandetanib for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer", American Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 767-772, 2010.
119. V. Gupta-Abramson, A. B. Troxel, A. Nellore et al., "Phase II trial of sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer", Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 26, no. 29, pp. 4714-4719, 2008.
120. M. B. Bass, S. I. Sherman, M. J. Schlumberger et al., "Biomarkers as predictors of response to treatment with motesanib in patients with progressive advanced thyroid cancer", The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 95, no. 11, pp. 5018-5027, 2010.
121. J. T. Erler, K. L. Bennewith, M. Nicolau et al., "Lysyl oxidase is essential for hypoxia-induced metastasis", Nature, vol. 440, no. 7088, pp. 1222-1226, 2006.
122. X. Y. Zhao, T. T. Chen, and L. Xia, "Hypoxia inducible factor-1 mediates expression of galectin-1: the potential role in migration/invasion of colorectal cancer cells", Carcinogenesis, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1367-1375, 2010.
123. J. Chen, N. Imanaka, J. Chen, and J. D. Griffin, "Hypoxia potentiates Notch signaling in breast cancer leading to decreased E-cadherin expression and increased cell migration and invasion", British Journal of Cancer, vol. 102, no. 2, pp. 351-360, 2010.
124. S. Scarpino, A. Stoppacciaro, F. Ballerini et al., "Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates tumor cells to release chemokines active in recruiting dendritic cells", American Journal of Pathology, vol. 156, no. 3, pp. 831-837, 2000. (Pubitemid 30626941)
125. S. Scarpino, F. C. D'Alena, A. Di Napoli, F. Ballarini, M. Prat, and L. P. Ruco, "Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: evidence for a role for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in promoting tumour angiogenesis", The Journal of Pathology, vol. 199, no. 2, pp. 243-250, 2003. (Pubitemid 36176031)
126. T. Brabletz, A. Jung, S. Reu et al., "Variable beta-catenin expression in colorectal cancers indicates tumor progression driven by the tumor environment", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 98, no. 18, pp. 10356-10361, 2001. (Pubitemid 32803024)
127. S. Scarpino, F. C. D'Alena, A. Di Napoli, A. Pasquini, A. Marzullo, and L. P. Ruco, "Increased expression of Met protein is associated with up-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-I (HIF-I) in tumour cells in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid", The Journal of Pathology, vol. 202, no. 3, pp. 352-358, 2004. (Pubitemid 38325245)
128. B. J. Moeller and M. W. Dewhirst, "HIF-1 and tumour radiosensitivity", British Journal of Cancer, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2006. (Pubitemid 43980546)
129. G. L. Semenza, "Defining the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in cancer biology and therapeutics", Oncogene, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 625-634, 2010.
130. C. Magnon, P. Opolon, M. Ricard et al., "Radiation and inhibition of angiogenesis by canstatin synergize to induce HIF-1a-mediated tumor apoptotic switch", The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 117, no. 7, pp. 1844-1855, 2007. (Pubitemid 47036318)