메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 157-167

Diagnosis of antifungal drug resistance mechanisms in fungal pathogens: Transcriptional gene regulation

Author keywords

Antifungal drug resistance; Aspergillus; Candida; Diagnosis; Multidrug transporters; Mutations

Indexed keywords

ANIDULAFUNGIN; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; CASPOFUNGIN; CLOTRIMAZOLE; ECHINOCANDIN; FLUCONAZOLE; IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE; ITRACONAZOLE; KETOCONAZOLE; MICAFUNGIN; MICONAZOLE; POSACONAZOLE; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVE; VORICONAZOLE;

EID: 80755153698     PISSN: 19363761     EISSN: 1936377X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12281-011-0055-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (5)

References (111)
  • 1
    • 42649102359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing epidemiology of systemic fungal infections
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.01978.x, The changing clinical spectrum of fungal infections and the role of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome)
    • Richardson M, Lass-Flörl C. Changing epidemiology of systemic fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008;14 Suppl 4:5-24. (Pubitemid 351593913)
    • (2008) Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 5-24
    • Richardson, M.1    Lass-Florl, C.2
  • 2
    • 63849233258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The changing face of epidemiology of invasive fungal disease in Europe
    • Lass-Flörl C. The changing face of epidemiology of invasive fungal disease in Europe. Mycoses. 2009;52:197-205.
    • (2009) Mycoses , vol.52 , pp. 197-205
    • Lass-Flörl, C.1
  • 4
    • 22744455661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on antifungal targets and mechanisms of resistance in Candida albicans
    • DOI 10.1080/13693780500138971
    • Akins RA. An update on antifungal targets and mechanisms of resistance in Candida albicans. Med Mycol. 2005;43:285-318. (Pubitemid 41030457)
    • (2005) Medical Mycology , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 285-318
    • Akins, R.A.1
  • 5
    • 0036488166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents: Molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences
    • DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(02)00181-0
    • Sanglard D, Odds FC. Resistance of Candida species to antifungal agents: molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002;2:73-85. (Pubitemid 36114141)
    • (2002) Lancet Infectious Diseases , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 73-85
    • Sanglard, D.1    Odds, F.C.2
  • 6
    • 0036342893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of human fungal pathogens to antifungal drugs
    • Sanglard D. Resistance of human fungal pathogens to antifungal drugs. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2002;5:379-85.
    • (2002) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.5 , pp. 379-85
    • Sanglard, D.1
  • 7
    • 0029967548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae C-22 sterol desaturase gene, encoding a second cytochrome P-450 involved in ergosterol biosynthesis
    • DOI 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00770-9
    • Skaggs B, Alexander J, Pierson C, et al. Cloning and characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae C-22 sterol desaturase gene, encoding a second cytochrome P-450 involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. Gene. 1996;169:105-9. (Pubitemid 26076619)
    • (1996) Gene , vol.169 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-109
    • Skaggs, B.A.1    Alexander, J.F.2    Pierson, C.A.3    Schweitzer, K.S.4    Chun, K.T.5    Koegel, C.6    Barbuch, R.7    Bard, M.8
  • 9
    • 34447105864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to echinocandin-class antifungal drugs
    • DOI 10.1016/j.drup.2007.04.002, PII S1368764607000404
    • Perlin DS. Resistance to echinocandin-class antifungal drugs. Drug Resist Updat. 2007;10:121-30. (Pubitemid 47031054)
    • (2007) Drug Resistance Updates , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 121-130
    • Perlin, D.S.1
  • 10
    • 36549061593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current status of antifungal susceptibility testing methods
    • DOI 10.1080/13693780701436794, PII 782132885
    • Arikan S. Current status of antifungal susceptibility testing methods. Med Mycol. 2007;45:569-87. (Pubitemid 350176707)
    • (2007) Medical Mycology , vol.45 , Issue.7 , pp. 569-587
    • Arikan, S.1
  • 11
    • 77957893941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-type MIC distributions, epidemiological cutoff values and species-specific clinical breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida: Time for harmonization of CLSI and EUCAST broth microdilution methods
    • This remarkable study compares two different methods for antifungal susceptibility testing and attempts to unify breakpoint values obtained by these methods
    • Pfaller MA, Andes D, Diekema DJ, et al. Wild-type MIC distributions, epidemiological cutoff values and species-specific clinical breakpoints for fluconazole and Candida: time for harmonization of CLSI and EUCAST broth microdilution methods. Drug Resist Updat. 2010;13:180-95. This remarkable study compares two different methods for antifungal susceptibility testing and attempts to unify breakpoint values obtained by these methods.
    • (2010) Drug Resist Updat , vol.13 , pp. 180-95
    • Pfaller, M.A.1    Andes, D.2    Diekema, D.J.3
  • 12
    • 34547402464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Setting and revising antibacterial susceptibility breakpoints
    • DOI 10.1128/CMR.00047-06
    • Turnidge J, Paterson DL. Setting and revising antibacterial susceptibility breakpoints. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007;20:391-408. (Pubitemid 47175010)
    • (2007) Clinical Microbiology Reviews , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 391-408
    • Turnidge, J.1    Paterson, D.L.2
  • 13
    • 67649922914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data mining validation of fluconazole breakpoints established by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
    • Cuesta I, Bielza C, Larranaga P, et al. data mining validation of fluconazole breakpoints established by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:2949-54.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 2949-54
    • Cuesta, I.1    Bielza, C.2    Larranaga, P.3
  • 14
    • 77950143212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation by data mining techniques of fluconazole breakpoints established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and comparison with those of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)
    • Cuesta I, Bielza C, Cuenca-Estrella M, et al. Evaluation by data mining techniques of fluconazole breakpoints established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and comparison with those of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:1541-6.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 1541-6
    • Cuesta, I.1    Bielza, C.2    Cuenca-Estrella, M.3
  • 16
    • 53149145998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of MIC with outcome for Candida species tested against caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin: Analysis and proposal for interpretive MIC breakpoints
    • Pfaller M, Diekema D, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, et al. Correlation of MIC with outcome for Candida species tested against caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin: analysis and proposal for interpretive MIC breakpoints. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:2620-9.
    • (2008) J Clin Microbiol , vol.46 , pp. 2620-9
    • Pfaller, M.1    Diekema, D.2    Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.3
  • 17
    • 78751679700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida bloodstream infections: Comparison of species distributions and antifungal resistance patterns in community-onset and nosocomial isolates in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 2008-2009
    • Pfaller MA, Moet GJ, Messer SA, et al. Candida bloodstream infections: comparison of species distributions and antifungal resistance patterns in community-onset and nosocomial isolates in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 2008-2009. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55:561-6.
    • (2011) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.55 , pp. 561-6
    • Pfaller, M.A.1    Moet, G.J.2    Messer, S.A.3
  • 18
    • 56749159784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and spread of a single resistance mechanism
    • This work demonstrates that azole resistance in A. fumigatus has probably spread from the use of azoles in the environment
    • Snelders E, van der Lee H, Kuijpers J, et al. Emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and spread of a single resistance mechanism. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e219. This work demonstrates that azole resistance in A. fumigatus has probably spread from the use of azoles in the environment.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Snelders, E.1    Van Der Lee, H.2    Kuijpers, J.3
  • 20
    • 77749291956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for amino acid substitutions in the Candida albicans Erg11 protein of azolesusceptible and azole-resistant clinical isolates: New substitutions and a review of the literature
    • Morio F, Loge C, Besse B, et al. Screening for amino acid substitutions in the Candida albicans Erg11 protein of azolesusceptible and azole-resistant clinical isolates: new substitutions and a review of the literature. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;66:373-84.
    • (2010) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.66 , pp. 373-84
    • Morio, F.1    Loge, C.2    Besse, B.3
  • 22
    • 21044452931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Y132H and F145L substitutions on the activity, azole resistance and spectral properties of Candida albicans sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51): A live example showing the selection of altered P450 through interaction with environmental compounds
    • DOI 10.1093/jb/mvi073
    • Kudo M, Ohi M, Aoyama Y, et al. Effects of Y132H and F145L substitutions on the activity, azole resistance and spectral properties of Candida albicans sterol 14-demethylase P450 (CYP51): a live example showing the selection of altered P450 through interaction with environmental compounds. J Biochem (Tokyo). 2005;137:625-32. (Pubitemid 40874541)
    • (2005) Journal of Biochemistry , vol.137 , Issue.5 , pp. 625-632
    • Kudo, M.1    Ohi, M.2    Aoyama, Y.3    Nitahara, Y.4    Chung, S.-K.5    Yoshida, Y.6
  • 23
    • 0033584392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The G464S amino acid substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase causes fluconazole resistance in the clinic through reduced affinity
    • DOI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1136
    • Kelly S, Lamb D, Loeffler J, et al. The G464S amino acid substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase causes fluconazole resistance in the clinic through reduced affinity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999;262:174-9. (Pubitemid 29412643)
    • (1999) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , vol.262 , Issue.1 , pp. 174-179
    • Kelly, S.L.1    Lamb, D.C.2    Loeffler, J.3    Einsele, H.4    Kelly, D.E.5
  • 24
    • 0032733078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Y132H substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase confers fluconazole resistance by preventing binding to haem
    • DOI 10.1016/S0378-1097(99)00478-4, PII S0378109799004784
    • Kelly SL, Lamb DC, Kelly DE. Y132H substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase confers fluconazole resistance by preventing binding to haem. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1999;180:171-5. (Pubitemid 29507563)
    • (1999) FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol.180 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-175
    • Kelly, S.L.1    Lamb, D.C.2    Kelly, D.E.3
  • 25
    • 0033986849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The R467K amino acid substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase causes drug resistance through reduced affinity
    • Lamb D, Kelly D, White T, et al. The R467K amino acid substitution in Candida albicans sterol 14alpha-demethylase causes drug resistance through reduced affinity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:63-7. (Pubitemid 30010673)
    • (2000) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-67
    • Lamb, D.C.1    Kelly, D.E.2    White, T.C.3    Kelly, S.L.4
  • 26
    • 0031938057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14?-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolates contribute to resistance to azole antifungal agents
    • Sanglard D, Ischer F, Koymans L, et al. Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14?-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolates contributing to the resistance to azole antifungal agents. Antimicrob Agent Chemother. 1998;42:241-53. (Pubitemid 28114426)
    • (1998) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 241-253
    • Sanglard, D.1    Ischer, F.2    Koymans, L.3    Bille, J.4
  • 28
    • 0032880113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple amino acid substitutions in lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase contribute to azole resistance in Candida albicans
    • Favre B, Didmon M, Ryder NS. Multiple amino acid substitutions in lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase contribute to azole resistance in Candida albicans. Microbiology. 1999;145(Pt 10):2715-25. (Pubitemid 29485886)
    • (1999) Microbiology , vol.145 , Issue.10 , pp. 2715-2725
    • Favre, B.1    Didmon, M.2    Ryder, N.S.3
  • 29
    • 0030757227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mRNA levels of ERG16, CDR, and MDR1 correlate, with increases in azole resistance in Candida albicans isolates from a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus
    • White TC. Increased mRNA levels of ERG16, CDR, and MDR1 correlate with increases in azole resistance in Candida albicans isolates from a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997;41:1482-7. (Pubitemid 27289672)
    • (1997) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.41 , Issue.7 , pp. 1482-1487
    • White, T.C.1
  • 30
    • 0028793725 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters
    • Sanglard D, Kuchler K, Ischer F, et al. Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995;39:2378-86.
    • (1995) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 2378-86
    • Sanglard, D.1    Kuchler, K.2    Ischer, F.3
  • 31
    • 0034812585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of molecular mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans strains displaying high-level fluconazole resistance isolated from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.45.10.2676-2684.2001
    • Perea S, Lopez-Ribot J, Kirkpatrick W, et al. Prevalence of molecular mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans strains displaying high-level fluconazole resistance isolated from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001;45:2676-84. (Pubitemid 32906656)
    • (2001) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.45 , Issue.10 , pp. 2676-2684
    • Perea, S.1    Lopez-Ribot, J.L.2    Kirkpatrick, W.R.3    McAtee, R.K.4    Santillan, R.A.5    Martinez, M.6    Calabrese, D.7    Sanglard, D.8    Patterson, T.F.9
  • 34
    • 79952645511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired antifungal drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: Epidemiology and detection
    • Howard SJ, Arendrup MC. Acquired antifungal drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: epidemiology and detection. Med Mycol. 2011;49 Suppl 1:S90-5.
    • (2011) Med Mycol , vol.49 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Howard, S.J.1    Arendrup, M.C.2
  • 35
    • 0037417050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A point mutation in the 14alpha-sterol demethylase gene cyp51A contributes to itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus
    • Diaz-Guerra TM, Mellado E, Cuenca-Estrella M, et al. A point mutation in the 14alpha-sterol demethylase gene cyp51A contributes to itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:1120-4.
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 1120-4
    • Diaz-Guerra, T.M.1    Mellado, E.2    Cuenca-Estrella, M.3
  • 39
    • 67650003683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heteroresistance to fluconazole in Cryptococcus neoformans is intrinsic and associated with virulence
    • Sionov E, Chang Y, Garraffo H, et al. Heteroresistance to fluconazole in Cryptococcus neoformans is intrinsic and associated with virulence. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:2804-15.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 2804-15
    • Sionov, E.1    Chang, Y.2    Garraffo, H.3
  • 40
    • 77954047286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcus neoformans overcomes stress of azole drugs by formation of disomy in specific multiple chromosomes
    • This study reports the molecular basis for azole heteroresistance
    • Sionov E, Lee H, Chang Y, et al. Cryptococcus neoformans overcomes stress of azole drugs by formation of disomy in specific multiple chromosomes. PLoS Pathog. 2010;6: e1000848. This study reports the molecular basis for azole heteroresistance.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.6
    • Sionov, E.1    Lee, H.2    Chang, Y.3
  • 43
    • 55849137651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspofunginresistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies
    • Garcia-Effron G, Kontoyiannis D, Lewis R, et al. Caspofunginresistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:4181-3.
    • (2008) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.52 , pp. 4181-3
    • Garcia-Effron, G.1    Kontoyiannis, D.2    Lewis, R.3
  • 44
    • 44449153708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.01568-07
    • Cleary J, Garcia-Effron G, Chapman S, et al. Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:2263-5. (Pubitemid 351758575)
    • (2008) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 2263-2265
    • Cleary, J.D.1    Garcia-Effron, G.2    Chapman, S.W.3    Perlin, D.S.4
  • 45
    • 35848964834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.00917-07
    • Rocha E, Garcia-Effron G, Park S, et al. A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007;51:4174-6. (Pubitemid 350057823)
    • (2007) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.51 , Issue.11 , pp. 4174-4176
    • Rocha, E.M.F.1    Garcia-Effron, G.2    Park, S.3    Perlin, D.S.4
  • 46
    • 46249106060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.00262-08
    • Garcia-Effron G, Katiyar SK, Park S, et al. A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:2305-12. (Pubitemid 351915657)
    • (2008) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.52 , Issue.7 , pp. 2305-2312
    • Garcia-Effron, G.1    Katiyar, S.K.2    Park, S.3    Edlind, T.D.4    Perlin, D.S.5
  • 47
    • 54049093652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection
    • Thompson G, Wiederhold N, Vallor A, et al. Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:3783-5.
    • (2008) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.52 , pp. 3783-5
    • Thompson, G.1    Wiederhold, N.2    Vallor, A.3
  • 48
    • 33746922380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida albicans and Candida glabrata clinical isolates exhibiting reduced echinocandin susceptibility
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.00349-06
    • Katiyar S, Pfaller M, Edlind T. Candida albicans and Candida glabrata clinical isolates exhibiting reduced echinocandin susceptibility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:2892-4. (Pubitemid 44198725)
    • (2006) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.50 , Issue.8 , pp. 2892-2894
    • Katiyar, S.1    Pfaller, M.2    Edlind, T.3
  • 49
    • 0031047670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning of Candida albicans genes conferring resistance to azole antifungal agents: Characterization of CDR2, a new multidrug ABC transporter gene
    • Sanglard D, Ischer F, Monod M, et al. Cloning of Candida albicans genes conferring resistance to azole antifungal agents: characterization of CDR2, a new multidrug ABC-transporter gene. Microbiology. 1997;143:405-16. (Pubitemid 27092176)
    • (1997) Microbiology , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 405-416
    • Sanglard, D.1    Ischer, F.2    Monod, M.3    Bille, J.4
  • 50
    • 0037238468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a Cryptococcus neoformans ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding gene, CnAFR1, involved in the resistance to fluconazole
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03281.x
    • Posteraro B, Sanguinetti M, Sanglard D, et al. Identification and characterization of a Cryptococcus neoformans ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding gene, CnAFR1, involved in the resistance to fluconazole. Mol Microbiol. 2003;47:357-71. (Pubitemid 36121027)
    • (2003) Molecular Microbiology , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 357-371
    • Posteraro, B.1    Sanguinetti, M.2    Sanglard, D.3    La Sorda, M.4    Boccia, S.5    Romano, L.6    Morace, G.7    Fadda, G.8
  • 51
    • 0035080323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of ATP-binding-cassette transporter genes in high-frequency acquisition of resistance to azole antifungals in Candida glabrata
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.45.4.1174-1183.2001
    • Sanglard D, Ischer F, Bille J. Role of ATP-binding-cassette transporter genes in high-frequency acquisition of resistance to azole antifungals in Candida glabrata. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001;45:1174-83. (Pubitemid 32230999)
    • (2001) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 1174-1183
    • Sanglard, D.1    Ischer, F.2    Bille, J.3
  • 52
    • 0032734512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ATP binding cassette transporter gene CgCDR1 from Candida glabrata is involved in the resistance of clinical isolates to azole antifungal agents
    • Sanglard D, Ischer F, Calabrese D, et al. The ATP binding cassette transporter gene CgCDR1 from Candida glabrata is involved in the resistance of clinical isolates to azole antifungal agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43:2753-65. (Pubitemid 29519560)
    • (1999) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.43 , Issue.11 , pp. 2753-2765
    • Sanglard, D.1    Ischer, F.2    Calabrese, D.3    Majcherczyk, P.A.4    Bille, J.5
  • 53
    • 40549126935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ATP-binding cassette transporter-encoding gene CgSNQ2 is contributing to the CgPDR1-dependent azole resistance of Candida glabrata
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06143.x
    • Torelli R, Posteraro B, Ferrari S, et al. The ATP-binding cassette transporter-encoding gene CgSNQ2 is contributing to the CgPDR1-dependent azole resistance of Candida glabrata. Mol Microbiol. 2008;68:186-201. (Pubitemid 351363785)
    • (2008) Molecular Microbiology , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 186-201
    • Torelli, R.1    Posteraro, B.2    Ferrari, S.3    La Sorda, M.4    Fadda, G.5    Sanglard, D.6    Sanguinetti, M.7
  • 55
    • 57049159416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gain-of-function mutations in the transcription factor MRR1 are responsible for overexpression of the MDR1 efflux pump in fluconazoleresistant Candida dubliniensis strains
    • Schubert S, Rogers P, Morschhauser J. Gain-of-function mutations in the transcription factor MRR1 are responsible for overexpression of the MDR1 efflux pump in fluconazoleresistant Candida dubliniensis strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:4274-80.
    • (2008) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.52 , pp. 4274-80
    • Schubert, S.1    Rogers, P.2    Morschhauser, J.3
  • 56
    • 58149316028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dos Santos S, Teixeira M, et al. Drug: H+ antiporters in chemical stress response in yeast
    • Sa-Correia I, dos Santos S, Teixeira M, et al. Drug: H+ antiporters in chemical stress response in yeast. Trends Microbiol. 2009;17:22-31.
    • (2009) Trends Microbiol , vol.17 , pp. 22-31
    • Sa-Correia, I.1
  • 57
    • 63149167412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MFS transportome of the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
    • Gaur M, Puri N, Manoharlal R, et al. MFS transportome of the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. BMC Genomics. 2008;9:579.
    • (2008) BMC Genomics , vol.9 , pp. 579
    • Gaur, M.1    Puri, N.2    Manoharlal, R.3
  • 58
    • 0036223414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common drug-responsive element mediates the upregulation of the Candida albicans ABC transporters CDR1 and CDR2, two genes involved in antifungal drug resistance
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02814.x
    • de Micheli M, Bille J, Schueller C, et al. A common drugresponsive element mediates the upregulation of the Candida albicans ABC transporters CDR1 and CDR2, two genes involved in antifungal drug resistance. Mol Microbiol. 2002;43:1197-214. (Pubitemid 34304537)
    • (2002) Molecular Microbiology , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 1197-1214
    • De Micheli, M.1    Bille, J.2    Schueller, C.3    Sanglard, D.4
  • 59
    • 0038176494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general strategy to uncover transcription factor properties identifies a new regulator of drug resistance in yeast
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M208549200
    • Hikkel I, Lucau-Danila A, Delaveau T, et al. A general strategy to uncover transcription factor properties identifies a new regulator of drug resistance in yeast. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:11427-32. (Pubitemid 36792701)
    • (2003) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.278 , Issue.13 , pp. 11427-11432
    • Hikkel, I.1    Lucau-Danila, A.2    Delaveau, T.3    Marc, P.4    Devaux, F.5    Jacq, C.6
  • 61
    • 0032571551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast putative transcription factors involved in salt tolerance
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00249-X, PII S001457939800249X
    • Mendizabal I, Rios G, Mulet J, et al. Yeast putative transcription factors involved in salt tolerance. FEBS Lett. 1998;425:323-8. (Pubitemid 28178915)
    • (1998) FEBS Letters , vol.425 , Issue.2 , pp. 323-328
    • Mendizabal, I.1    Rios, G.2    Mulet, J.M.3    Serrano, R.4    De Larrinoa, I.F.5
  • 62
    • 0029803121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6 zinc cluster family of transcriptional regulators
    • Schjerling P, Holmberg S. Comparative amino acid sequence analysis of the C6 zinc cluster family of transcriptional regulators. Nucleic Acids Res. 1996;24:4599-607. (Pubitemid 26413334)
    • (1996) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.24 , Issue.23 , pp. 4599-4607
    • Schjerling, P.1    Holmberg, S.2
  • 63
    • 0036232109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homozygosity at the Candida albicans MTL locus associated with azole resistance
    • Rustad T, Stevens D, Pfaller M, et al. Homozygosity at the Candida albicans MTL locus associated with azole resistance. Microbiology. 2002;148:1061-72. (Pubitemid 34436781)
    • (2002) Microbiology , vol.148 , Issue.4 , pp. 1061-1072
    • Rustad, T.R.1    Stevens, D.A.2    Pfaller, M.A.3    White, T.C.4
  • 64
    • 11144270183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TAC1, transcriptional activator of CDR genes, is a new transcription factor involved in the regulation of Candida albicans ABC transporters CDR1 and CDR2
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.3.6.1639-1652.2004
    • Coste AT, Karababa M, Ischer F, et al. TAC1, transcriptional activator of CDR genes, is a new transcription factor involved in the regulation of Candida albicans ABC transporters CDR1 and CDR2. Eukaryot Cell. 2004;3:1639-52. (Pubitemid 40025121)
    • (2004) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 1639-1652
    • Coste, A.T.1    Karababa, M.2    Ischer, F.3    Bille, J.4    Sanglard, D.5
  • 65
    • 0036835785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the sporulation-specific transcription factor Ndt80 bound to DNA
    • Lamoureux J, Stuart D, Tsang R, et al. Structure of the sporulation-specific transcription factor Ndt80 bound to DNA. EMBO J. 2002;21:5721-32.
    • (2002) EMBO J , vol.21 , pp. 5721-32
    • Lamoureux, J.1    Stuart, D.2    Tsang, R.3
  • 66
    • 9644283078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CaNdt80 is involved in drug resistance in Candida albicans by regulating CDR1
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.12.4505-4512.2004
    • Chen C-G, Yang Y-L, Shih H-I, et al. CaNdt80 is involved in drug resistance in Candida albicans by regulating CDR1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48:4505-12. (Pubitemid 39577646)
    • (2004) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.48 , Issue.12 , pp. 4505-4512
    • Chen, C.-G.1    Yang, Y.-L.2    Shih, H.-I.3    Su, C.-L.4    Lo, H.-J.5
  • 67
    • 68549123451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Ndt80p in sterol metabolism regulation and azole resistance in Candida albicans
    • Sellam A, Tebbji F, Nantel A. Role of Ndt80p in sterol metabolism regulation and azole resistance in Candida albicans. Eukaryot Cell. 2009;8:1174-83.
    • (2009) Eukaryot Cell , vol.8 , pp. 1174-83
    • Sellam, A.1    Tebbji, F.2    Nantel, A.3
  • 68
    • 4644254793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azole resistance in Candida glabrata: Coordinate upregulation of multidrug transporters and evidence for a Pdr1-like transcription factor
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.10.3773-3781.2004
    • Vermitsky J-P, Edlind TD. Azole resistance in Candida glabrata: coordinate upregulation of multidrug transporters and evidence for a Pdr1-like transcription factor. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48:3773-81. (Pubitemid 39304602)
    • (2004) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.48 , Issue.10 , pp. 3773-3781
    • Vermitsky, J.-P.1    Edlind, T.D.2
  • 69
    • 33748042707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pdr1 regulates multidrug resistance in Candida glabrata: Gene disruption and genome-wide expression studies
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05235.x
    • Vermitsky J-P, Earhart KD, Smith WL, et al. Pdr1 regulates multidrug resistance in Candida glabrata: gene disruption and genome-wide expression studies.Mol Microbiol. 2006;61:704-22. (Pubitemid 44324094)
    • (2006) Molecular Microbiology , vol.61 , Issue.3 , pp. 704-722
    • Vermitsky, J.-P.1    Earhart, K.D.2    Smith, W.L.3    Homayouni, R.4    Edlind, T.D.5    Rogers, P.D.6
  • 70
    • 33645773419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida glabrata PDR1, a transcriptional regulator of a pleiotropic drug resistance network, mediates azole resistance in clinical isolates and petite mutants
    • Tsai H, Krol A, Sarti K, et al. Candida glabrata PDR1, a transcriptional regulator of a pleiotropic drug resistance network, mediates azole resistance in clinical isolates and petite mutants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:1384-92.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 1384-92
    • Tsai, H.1    Krol, A.2    Sarti, K.3
  • 71
    • 59249085257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gain of function mutations in CgPDR1 of Candida glabrata not only mediate antifungal resistance but also enhance virulence
    • Ferrari S, Ischer F, Calabrese D, et al. Gain of function mutations in CgPDR1 of Candida glabrata not only mediate antifungal resistance but also enhance virulence. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5: e1000268.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog , vol.5
    • Ferrari, S.1    Ischer, F.2    Calabrese, D.3
  • 72
    • 79952295606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide expression profile analysis of the Candida glabrata Pdr1 regulon
    • Caudle KE, Barker KS, Wiederhold NP, et al. Genome-wide expression profile analysis of the Candida glabrata Pdr1 regulon. Eukaryot Cell. 2011;10:373-83.
    • (2011) Eukaryot Cell , vol.10 , pp. 373-83
    • Caudle, K.E.1    Barker, K.S.2    Wiederhold, N.P.3
  • 74
    • 33745630119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple cis-acting sequences mediate upregulation of the MDR1 efflux pump in a fluconazole-resistant clinical Candida albicans isolate
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.00196-06
    • Hiller D, Stahl S, Morschhauser J. Multiple cis-acting sequences mediate upregulation of the MDR1 efflux pump in a fluconazoleresistant clinical Candida albicans isolate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:2300-8. (Pubitemid 43993166)
    • (2006) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.50 , Issue.7 , pp. 2300-2308
    • Hiller, D.1    Stahl, S.2    Morschhauser, J.3
  • 75
    • 33845632497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of MDR1, encoding a drug efflux determinant, in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains through an Mcm1p binding site
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.00243-06
    • Riggle P, Kumamoto C. Transcriptional regulation of MDR1, encoding a drug efflux determinant, in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains through an Mcm1p binding site. Eukaryot Cell. 2006;5:1957-68. (Pubitemid 44956808)
    • (2006) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.5 , Issue.12 , pp. 1957-1968
    • Riggle, P.J.1    Kumamoto, C.A.2
  • 76
    • 33846025066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of promoter elements responsible for the regulation of MDR1 from Candida albicans, a major facilitator transporter involved in azole resistance
    • DOI 10.1099/mic.0.29277-0
    • Rognon B, Kozovska Z, Coste AT, et al. Identification of promoter elements responsible for the regulation of MDR1 from Candida albicans, a major facilitator transporter involved in azole resistance. Microbiology. 2006;152:3701-22. (Pubitemid 46040691)
    • (2006) Microbiology , vol.152 , Issue.12 , pp. 3701-3722
    • Rognon, B.1    Kozovska, Z.2    Coste, A.T.3    Pardini, G.4    Sanglard, D.5
  • 77
    • 66749094808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the Candida albicans Cap1p regulon
    • Znaidi S, Barker K, Weber S, et al. Identification of the Candida albicans Cap1p regulon. Eukaryot Cell. 2009;8:806-20.
    • (2009) Eukaryot Cell , vol.8 , pp. 806-20
    • Znaidi, S.1    Barker, K.2    Weber, S.3
  • 78
    • 0035846932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple Yap1p-binding sites mediate induction of the yeast major facilitator FLR1 gene in response to drugs, oxidants, and alkylating agents
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M008377200
    • Nguyen D, Alarco A, Raymond M. Multiple Yap1p-binding sites mediate induction of the yeast major facilitator FLR1 gene in response to drugs, oxidants, and alkylating agents. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:1138-45. (Pubitemid 32096539)
    • (2001) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.276 , Issue.2 , pp. 1138-1145
    • Nguyen, D.-T.1    Alarco, A.-M.2    Raymond, M.3
  • 79
    • 58149129744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A toolbox for epitopetagging and genome-wide location analysis in Candida albicans
    • Lavoie H, Sellam A, Askew C, et al. A toolbox for epitopetagging and genome-wide location analysis in Candida albicans. BMC Genomics. 2008;9:578.
    • (2008) BMC Genomics , vol.9 , pp. 578
    • Lavoie, H.1    Sellam, A.2    Askew, C.3
  • 80
    • 37349095258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transcription factor Mrr1p controls expression of the MDR1 efflux pump and mediates multidrug resistance in Candida albicans
    • Morschhauser J, Barker K, Liu T, et al. The transcription factor Mrr1p controls expression of the MDR1 efflux pump and mediates multidrug resistance in Candida albicans. PLoS Pathog. 2007;3:e164.
    • (2007) PLoS Pathog , vol.3
    • Morschhauser, J.1    Barker, K.2    Liu, T.3
  • 81
    • 67650572854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rep1p negatively regulating MDR1 efflux pump involved in drug resistance in Candida albicans
    • Chen CG, Yang YL, Tseng KY, et al. Rep1p negatively regulating MDR1 efflux pump involved in drug resistance in Candida albicans. Fungal Genet Biol. 2009;46:714-20.
    • (2009) Fungal Genet Biol , vol.46 , pp. 714-20
    • Chen, C.G.1    Yang, Y.L.2    Tseng, K.Y.3
  • 82
    • 33845537402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bZip transcription factor Cgap1p is involved in multidrug resistance and required for activation of multidrug transporter gene CgFLR1 in Candida glabrata
    • DOI 10.1016/j.gene.2006.08.010, PII S0378111906005312
    • Chen K, Miyazaki T, Tsai H, et al. The bZip transcription factor Cgap1p is involved in multidrug resistance and required for activation of multidrug transporter gene CgFLR1 in Candida glabrata. Gene. 2007;386:63-72. (Pubitemid 44920447)
    • (2007) Gene , vol.386 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 63-72
    • Chen, K.-H.1    Miyazaki, T.2    Tsai, H.-F.3    Bennett, J.E.4
  • 83
    • 0034810736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upc2p and Ecm22p, dual regulators of sterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • DOI 10.1128/MCB.21.19.6395-6405.2001
    • Vik A, Rine J. Upc2p and Ecm22p, dual regulators of sterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 2001;21:6395-405. (Pubitemid 32927408)
    • (2001) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.21 , Issue.19 , pp. 6395-6405
    • Vik, A.1    Rine, J.2
  • 84
    • 18244396070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida albicans zinc cluster protein Upc2p confers resistance to antifungal drugs and is an activator of ergosterol biosynthetic genes
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.49.5.1745-1752.2005
    • MacPherson S, Akache B, Weber S, et al. Candida albicans zinc cluster protein Upc2p confers resistance to antifungal drugs and is an activator of ergosterol biosynthetic genes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49:1745-52. (Pubitemid 40631584)
    • (2005) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.49 , Issue.5 , pp. 1745-1752
    • MacPherson, S.1    Akache, B.2    Weber, S.3    De Deken, X.4    Raymond, M.5    Turcotte, B.6
  • 85
    • 11144308844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Candida albicans transcription factor Upc2p in drug resistance and sterol metabolism
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.3.6.1391-1397.2004
    • Silver PM, Oliver BG, White TC. Role of Candida albicans transcription factor Upc2p in drug resistance and sterol metabolism. Eukaryot Cell. 2004;3:1391-7. (Pubitemid 40025098)
    • (2004) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp. 1391-1397
    • Silver, P.M.1    Oliver, B.G.2    White, T.C.3
  • 86
    • 0030671457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and phenotypic characterization of yeast PDR1 mutants that show hyperactive transcription of various ABC multidrug transporter genes
    • Carvajal E, van den Hazel HB, Cybularz-Kolaczkowska A, et al. Molecular and phenotypic characterization of yeast PDR1 mutants that show hyperactive transcription of various ABC multidrug transporter genes. Mol Gen Genet. 1997;256:406-15.
    • (1997) Mol Gen Genet , vol.256 , pp. 406-15
    • Carvajal, E.1    Van Den Hazel, H.B.2    Cybularz-Kolaczkowska, A.3
  • 87
  • 88
    • 33646171879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mutation in Tac1p, a transcription factor regulating CDR1 and CDR2, is coupled with loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 5 to mediate antifungal resistance in Candida albicans
    • Coste A, Turner V, Ischer F, et al. A mutation in Tac1p, a transcription factor regulating CDR1 and CDR2, is coupled with loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 5 to mediate antifungal resistance in Candida albicans. Genetics. 2006;172:2139-56.
    • (2006) Genetics , vol.172 , pp. 2139-56
    • Coste, A.1    Turner, V.2    Ischer, F.3
  • 89
    • 34748830419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The zinc cluster transcription factor Tac1p regulates PDR16 expression in Candida albicans
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05931.x
    • Znaidi S, De Deken X, Weber S, et al. The zinc cluster transcription factor Tac1p regulates PDR16 expression in Candida albicans. Mol Microbiol. 2007;66:440-52. (Pubitemid 47482385)
    • (2007) Molecular Microbiology , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 440-452
    • Znaidi, S.1    De Deken, X.2    Weber, S.3    Rigby, T.4    Nantel, A.5    Raymond, M.6
  • 90
    • 68549128735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of cisand trans-acting elements of the Candida albicans CDR2 promoter with a novel promoter reporter system
    • Coste AT, Crittin J, Bauser C, et al. Functional analysis of cisand trans-acting elements of the Candida albicans CDR2 promoter with a novel promoter reporter system. Eukaryot Cell. 2009;8:1250-67.
    • (2009) Eukaryot Cell , vol.8 , pp. 1250-67
    • Coste, A.T.1    Crittin, J.2    Bauser, C.3
  • 91
    • 47749142093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the multi-drug resistance regulator MRR1, followed by loss of heterozygosity, are the main cause of MDR1 overexpression in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06309.x
    • Dunkel N, Blass J, Rogers P, et al. Mutations in the multidrug resistance regulator MRR1, followed by loss of heterozygosity, are the main cause of MDR1 overexpression in fluconazoleresistant Candida albicans strains. Mol Microbiol. 2008;69:827-40. (Pubitemid 352033303)
    • (2008) Molecular Microbiology , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 827-840
    • Dunkel, N.1    Blass, J.2    Rogers, P.D.3    Morschhauser, J.4
  • 92
    • 77955409771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray and molecular analyses of the azole resistance mechanism in Candida glabrata oropharyngeal isolates
    • Tsai H, Sammons L, Zhang X, et al. Microarray and molecular analyses of the azole resistance mechanism in Candida glabrata oropharyngeal isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:3308-17.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 3308-17
    • Tsai, H.1    Sammons, L.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 93
    • 77954242525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of Candida glabrata clinical isolates
    • Berila N, Subik J. Molecular analysis of Candida glabrata clinical isolates. Mycopathologia. 2010;170:99-105.
    • (2010) Mycopathologia , vol.170 , pp. 99-105
    • Berila, N.1    Subik, J.2
  • 94
    • 78751695581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An A643V amino acid substitution in Upc2p contributes to azole resistance in wellcharacterized clinical isolates of Candida albicans
    • Hoot SJ, Smith AR, Brown RP, White TC. An A643V amino acid substitution in Upc2p contributes to azole resistance in wellcharacterized clinical isolates of Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55:940-2.
    • (2011) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.55 , pp. 940-2
    • Hoot, S.J.1    Smith, A.R.2    Brown, R.P.3    White, T.C.4
  • 95
    • 73849109145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An A643T mutation in the transcription factor Upc2p causes constitutive ERG11 upregulation and increased fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans
    • Heilmann C, Schneider S, Barker K, et al. An A643T mutation in the transcription factor Upc2p causes constitutive ERG11 upregulation and increased fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:353-9.
    • (2010) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 353-9
    • Heilmann, C.1    Schneider, S.2    Barker, K.3
  • 96
    • 47049101245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A gain-of-function mutation in the transcription factor Upc2p causes upregulation of ergosterol biosynthesis genes and increased fluconazole resistance in a clinical Candida albicans isolate
    • DOI 10.1128/EC.00103-08
    • Dunkel N, Liu T, Barker K, et al. A gain-of-function mutation in the transcription factor Upc2p causes upregulation of ergosterol biosynthesis genes and increased fluconazole resistance in a clinical Candida albicans isolate. Eukaryot Cell. 2008;7:1180-90. (Pubitemid 351969332)
    • (2008) Eukaryotic Cell , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 1180-1190
    • Dunkel, N.1    Liu, T.T.2    Barker, K.S.3    Homayouni, R.4    Morschhauser, J.5    Rogers, P.D.6
  • 97
    • 0031856845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mutation in a purported regulatory gene affects control of sterol uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Crowley J, Leak F, Shianna K, et al. A mutation in a purported regulatory gene affects control of sterol uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bact. 1998;180:4177-83. (Pubitemid 28373523)
    • (1998) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.180 , Issue.16 , pp. 4177-4183
    • Crowley, J.H.1    Leak Jr., F.W.2    Shianna, K.V.3    Tove, S.4    Parks, L.W.5
  • 99
    • 41749113291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An isochromosome confers drug resistance in vivo by amplification of two genes, ERG11 and TAC1
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06176.x
    • Selmecki A, Gerami-Nejad M, Paulson C, et al. An isochromosome confers drug resistance in vivo by amplification of two genes, ERG11 and TAC1. Mol Microbiol. 2008;68:624-41. (Pubitemid 351490182)
    • (2008) Molecular Microbiology , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 624-641
    • Selmecki, A.1    Gerami-Nejad, M.2    Paulson, C.3    Forche, A.4    Berman, J.5
  • 100
    • 33746506280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aneuploidy and isochromosome formation in drug-resistant Candida albicans
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1128242
    • Selmecki A, Forche A, Berman J. Aneuploidy and isochromosome formation in drug-resistant Candida albicans. Science. 2006;313:367-70. (Pubitemid 44480964)
    • (2006) Science , vol.313 , Issue.5785 , pp. 367-370
    • Selmecki, A.1    Forche, A.2    Berman, J.3
  • 101
    • 70350536660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antifungal drug resistance: Do molecular methods provide a way forward?
    • Perlin DS. Antifungal drug resistance: do molecular methods provide a way forward? Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2009;22:568-73.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. 568-73
    • Perlin, D.S.1
  • 102
    • 26444574876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing surrogate markers for fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans
    • DOI 10.1089/mdr.2005.11.232
    • Park S, Perlin D. Establishing surrogate markers for fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans. Microb Drug Resist. 2005;11:232-8. (Pubitemid 41434167)
    • (2005) Microbial Drug Resistance , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-238
    • Park, S.1    Perlin, D.S.2
  • 103
    • 33744504444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing resistance to the echinocandin antifungal drug caspofungin in Candida albicans by profiling mutations in FKS1
    • DOI 10.1128/AAC.01653-05
    • Balashov SV, Park S, Perlin DS. Assessing resistance to the echinocandin antifungal drug caspofungin in Candida albicans by profiling mutations in FKS1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:2058-63. (Pubitemid 43807526)
    • (2006) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 2058-2063
    • Balashov, S.V.1    Park, S.2    Perlin, D.S.3
  • 104
    • 67651094287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular diagnostic platforms for detecting Aspergillus
    • Perlin DS, Zhao Y. Molecular diagnostic platforms for detecting Aspergillus. Med Mycol. 2009;47 Suppl 1:S223-32.
    • (2009) Med Mycol , vol.47 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Perlin, D.S.1    Zhao, Y.2
  • 105
    • 11844274704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid, high-throughput, multiplex, real-time PCR for identification of mutations in the cyp51A gene of Aspergillus fumigatus that confer resistance to itraconazole
    • DOI 10.1128/JCM.43.1.214-222.2005
    • Balashov SV, Gardiner R, Park S, et al. Rapid, high-throughput, multiplex, real-time PCR for identification of mutations in the cyp51A gene of Aspergillus fumigatus that confer resistance to itraconazole. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:214-22. (Pubitemid 40096303)
    • (2005) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 214-222
    • Balashov, S.V.1    Gardiner, R.2    Park, S.3    Perlin, D.S.4
  • 106
    • 79953869925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency triazole resistance found in nonculturable Aspergillus fumigatus from lungs of patients with chronic fungal disease
    • This study demonstrates the power of DNA-based diagnostic tools for the detection of azole resistance in A. fumigatus, which otherwise would have been missed by conventional culture-based approaches
    • Denning DW, Park S, Lass-Flörl C, et al. High-frequency triazole resistance found in nonculturable Aspergillus fumigatus from lungs of patients with chronic fungal disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:1123-29. This study demonstrates the power of DNA-based diagnostic tools for the detection of azole resistance in A. fumigatus, which otherwise would have been missed by conventional culture-based approaches.
    • (2011) Clin Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. 1123-29
    • Denning, D.W.1    Park, S.2    Lass-Flörl, C.3
  • 107
    • 77950483253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid diagnosis of azole-resistant aspergillosis by direct PCR using tissue specimens
    • van der Linden JWM, Snelders E, Arends JP, et al. Rapid diagnosis of azole-resistant aspergillosis by direct PCR using tissue specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:1478-80.
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 1478-80
    • Van Der Linden Jwm1    Snelders, E.2    Arends, J.P.3
  • 109
    • 77956856221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UPC2 promoter in Candida albicans contains two cis-acting elements that bind directly to Upc2p, resulting in transcriptional autoregulation
    • Hoot S, Brown R, Oliver B, et al. The UPC2 promoter in Candida albicans contains two cis-acting elements that bind directly to Upc2p, resulting in transcriptional autoregulation. Eukaryot Cell. 2010;9:1354-62.
    • (2010) Eukaryot Cell , vol.9 , pp. 1354-62
    • Hoot, S.1    Brown, R.2    Oliver, B.3
  • 110
    • 0032891070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bZip transcription factor Cap1p is involved in multidrug resistance and oxidative stress response in Candida albicans
    • Alarco A, Raymond M. The bZip transcription factor Cap1p is involved in multidrug resistance and oxidative stress response in Candida albicans. J Bact. 1999;181:700-8. (Pubitemid 29061549)
    • (1999) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.181 , Issue.3 , pp. 700-708
    • Alarco, A.-M.1    Raymond, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.