메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 573-579

Cancer protective properties of cocoa: A review of the epidemiologic evidence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CATECHIN; FATTY ACID; POLYPHENOL; PROCYANIDIN; SUGAR;

EID: 70449638375     PISSN: 01635581     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01635580902825662     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (58)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 38949131470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavan-3-ols: Nature, occurrence and biological activity
    • Aron P M and Kennedy J A: Flavan-3-ols: nature, occurrence and biological activity. Mol Nutr Food Res 52, 79-104, 2008.
    • (2008) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.52 , pp. 79-104
    • Aron, P.M.1    Kennedy, J.A.2
  • 2
    • 0034235426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant polyphenols in tea, cocoa, and wine
    • Dreosti I E: Antioxidant polyphenols in tea, cocoa, and wine. Nutrition 16, 692-694, 2000.
    • (2000) Nutrition , vol.16 , pp. 692-694
    • Dreosti, I.E.1
  • 3
    • 0033863355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake and bioavailability of polyphenols
    • Scalbert A and Williamson G:Dietary intake and bioavailability of polyphenols. J Nutr 130, 2073S-2085S, 2000.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Scalbert, A.1    Williamson, G.2
  • 4
    • 1542315587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid peroxidation cannot be used as a universal criterion of oxidative stress
    • Dotan Y, Lichtenberg D, and Pinchuk I: Lipid peroxidation cannot be used as a universal criterion of oxidative stress. Prog Lipid Res 43, 200-227, 2004.
    • (2004) Prog Lipid Res , vol.43 , pp. 200-227
    • Dotan, Y.1    Lichtenberg, D.2    Pinchuk, I.3
  • 5
    • 0033868592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidin content and variation in some commonly consumed foods
    • Hammerstone J F, Lazarus S A, and Schmitz H H: Procyanidin content and variation in some commonly consumed foods. J Nutr 130, 2086S-2092S, 2000.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Hammerstone, J.F.1    Lazarus, S.A.2    Schmitz, H.H.3
  • 6
    • 24344443633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and biological significance of proanthocyanidins in the American diet
    • Prior R L and Gu L: Occurrence and biological significance of proanthocyanidins in the American diet. Phytochemistry 66, 2264-2280, 2005.
    • (2005) Phytochemistry , vol.66 , pp. 2264-2280
    • Prior, R.L.1    Gu, L.2
  • 7
    • 33745504721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidin and catechin contents and antioxidant capacity of cocoa and chocolate products
    • Gu L, House S E, Wu X, Ou B, and Prior R L: Procyanidin and catechin contents and antioxidant capacity of cocoa and chocolate products. J Agric Food Chem 54, 4057-4061, 2006.
    • (2006) J Agric Food Chem , vol.54 , pp. 4057-4061
    • Gu, L.1    House, S.E.2    Wu, X.3    Ou, B.4    Prior, R.L.5
  • 8
    • 0032852074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chocolate: Food or drug?
    • Bruinsma K and Taren D L: Chocolate: food or drug? J Am Diet Assoc 99, 1249-1256, 1999.
    • (1999) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.99 , pp. 1249-1256
    • Bruinsma, K.1    Taren, D.L.2
  • 9
    • 0034789527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chocolate: Food as medicine/medicine as food
    • Keen CL: Chocolate: food as medicine/medicine as food. J Am Coll Nutr 20, 436S-439S, 2001.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.20
    • Keen, C.L.1
  • 10
    • 0033868799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food of the gods: Cure for humanity? A cultural history of the medicinal and ritual use of chocolate
    • Dillinger T L, Barriga P, Escarcega S, Jimenez M, Salazar LD, et al.: Food of the gods: cure for humanity? A cultural history of the medicinal and ritual use of chocolate. J Nutr 130, 2057S-2072S, 2000.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Dillinger, T.L.1    Barriga, P.2    Escarcega, S.3    Jimenez, M.4    Salazar, L.D.5
  • 11
    • 13844271387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans: II. Review of 93 intervention studies
    • Williamson G and Manach C: Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans: II. review of 93 intervention studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 243S-255S, 2005.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Williamson, G.1    Manach, C.2
  • 12
    • 0030976331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phyto-oestrogens and Western diseases
    • Adlercreutz H and Mazur W: Phyto-oestrogens and Western diseases. Ann Med 29, 95-120, 1997.
    • (1997) Ann Med , vol.29 , pp. 95-120
    • Adlercreutz, H.1    Mazur, W.2
  • 13
    • 12844272321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies
    • Arts I C and Hollman P C: Polyphenols and disease risk in epidemiologic studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 317S-325S, 2005.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Arts, I.C.1    Hollman, P.C.2
  • 14
    • 33644637252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible mechanisms of the cancer-preventive activities of green tea
    • Yang C S, Sang S, Lambert JD, Hou Z, Ju J, et al.: Possible mechanisms of the cancer-preventive activities of green tea. Mol Nutr Food Res 50, 170-175, 2006.
    • (2006) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.50 , pp. 170-175
    • Yang, C.S.1    Sang, S.2    Lambert, J.D.3    Hou, Z.4    Ju, J.5
  • 15
    • 34247223104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cocoa and tea intake on blood pressure: A meta-analysis
    • Taubert D, Roesen R, and Schomig E: Effect of cocoa and tea intake on blood pressure: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 167, 626-634, 2007.
    • (2007) Arch Intern Med , vol.167 , pp. 626-634
    • Taubert, D.1    Roesen, R.2    Schomig, E.3
  • 17
    • 0037180757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and cancer
    • Coussens LM andWerb Z: Inflammation and cancer. Nature 420, 860-867, 2002.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 860-867
    • Coussens, L.M.1    Werb, Z.2
  • 18
    • 47249136072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creactive protein and colorectal cancer risk: A systematic review of prospective studies
    • Tsilidis K K, Branchini C, Guallar E, Helzlsouer K J, Erlinger T P, et al.: Creactive protein and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review of prospective studies. Int J Cancer 123, 1133-1140, 2008.
    • (2008) Int J Cancer , vol.123 , pp. 1133-1140
    • Tsilidis, K.K.1    Branchini, C.2    Guallar, E.3    Helzlsouer, K.J.4    Erlinger, T.P.5
  • 19
    • 26444586236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating levels of inflammatory markers and cancer risk in the health aging and body composition cohort
    • Il'yasova D, Colbert L H, Harris T B, Newman A B, Bauer D C, et al.: Circulating levels of inflammatory markers and cancer risk in the health aging and body composition cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14, 2413-2418, 2005.
    • (2005) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.14 , pp. 2413-2418
    • Il'Yasova, D.1    Colbert, L.H.2    Harris, T.B.3    Newman, A.B.4    Bauer, D.C.5
  • 20
    • 0035901090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and cancer: Back to Virchow?
    • Balkwill F and Mantovani A: Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 357, 539-545, 2001.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 539-545
    • Balkwill, F.1    Mantovani, A.2
  • 21
    • 0037373302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant nutrients and chronic disease: Use of biomarkers of exposure and oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research
    • Mayne ST: Antioxidant nutrients and chronic disease: use of biomarkers of exposure and oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research. J Nutr 133(3 Suppl), 933S-940S, 2003.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Mayne, S.T.1
  • 22
    • 1342268337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epicatechin, catechin, and dimeric procyanidins inhibit PMA-induced NFkappaB activation at multiple steps in Jurkat T cells
    • Mackenzie G G, Carrasquedo F, Delfino J M, Keen C L, Fraga C G, et al.: Epicatechin, catechin, and dimeric procyanidins inhibit PMA-induced NFkappaB activation at multiple steps in Jurkat T cells. FASEB J 18, 167-169, 2004.
    • (2004) FASEB J , vol.18 , pp. 167-169
    • MacKenzie, G.G.1    Carrasquedo, F.2    Delfino, J.M.3    Keen, C.L.4    Fraga, C.G.5
  • 23
    • 4644271406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbiology of cocoa fermentation and its role in chocolate quality
    • Schwan R F and Wheals A E: The microbiology of cocoa fermentation and its role in chocolate quality. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 44, 205-221, 2004.
    • (2004) Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr , vol.44 , pp. 205-221
    • Schwan, R.F.1    Wheals, A.E.2
  • 24
    • 0007050998 scopus 로고
    • New York: Wiley & Sons Inc.
    • Wood G A R and Lass R A: Cocoa. New York: Wiley & Sons Inc., 1987.
    • (1987) Cocoa
    • Wood, G.A.R.1    Lass, R.A.2
  • 25
    • 1542286856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of proanthocyanidins in common foods and estimations of normal consumption
    • Gu L, Kelm MA, Hammerstone JF, Beecher G, Holden J, et al.: Concentrations of proanthocyanidins in common foods and estimations of normal consumption. J Nutr 134, 613-617, 2004.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 613-617
    • Gu, L.1    Kelm, M.A.2    Hammerstone, J.F.3    Beecher, G.4    Holden, J.5
  • 26
    • 0141738858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Accessed January 14 2009
    • Nutrient Laboratory ARS: USDA database for the flavonoid content of selected foods, release 2.1. Available at http://www.nal.usda.gov/ fnic/foodcomp/Data/Flav/flav02-1.pdfl 2007. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Accessed January 14, 2009.
    • (2007) USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods, Release 2.1.
  • 27
    • 0034106431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in the Netherlands: 1. fruits, vegetables, staple foods, and processed foods
    • Arts I C, Van De P B, and Hollman P C: Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in The Netherlands: 1. fruits, vegetables, staple foods, and processed foods. J Agric Food Chem 48, 1746-1751, 2000.
    • (2000) J Agric Food Chem , vol.48 , pp. 1746-1751
    • Arts, I.C.1    Van De P, B.2    Hollman, P.C.3
  • 28
    • 0034075044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in the Netherlands: 2. tea, wine, fruit juices, and chocolate milk
    • Arts I C, Van De P B, and Hollman P C: Catechin contents of foods commonly consumed in The Netherlands: 2. tea, wine, fruit juices, and chocolate milk. J Agric Food Chem 48, 1752-1757, 2000.
    • (2000) J Agric Food Chem , vol.48 , pp. 1752-1757
    • Arts, I.C.1    Van De P, B.2    Hollman, P.C.3
  • 30
    • 0037471608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of all polyphenols in vegetables, fruits, and teas
    • Sakakibara H, Honda Y, Nakagawa S, Ashida H, and Kanazawa K: Simultaneous determination of all polyphenols in vegetables, fruits, and teas. J Agric Food Chem 51, 571-581, 2003.
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 571-581
    • Sakakibara, H.1    Honda, Y.2    Nakagawa, S.3    Ashida, H.4    Kanazawa, K.5
  • 31
    • 0347197907 scopus 로고
    • Content of potentially anticarcinogenic flavonoids of tea infusions, wines, and fruit juices
    • Hertog M G L, Hollman P C, and Van De Putte B: Content of potentially anticarcinogenic flavonoids of tea infusions, wines, and fruit juices. J Agric Food Chem 41, 1242-1246, 1993.
    • (1993) J Agric Food Chem , vol.41 , pp. 1242-1246
    • Hertog, M.G.L.1    Hollman, P.C.2    Van De Putte, B.3
  • 32
    • 0030879386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of bitterness and astringency of polyphenolic compounds in cocoapowder
    • Bonvehi J S and Coll F: Evaluation of bitterness and astringency of polyphenolic compounds in cocoapowder. Food Chemistry 60, 365-370, 1997.
    • (1997) Food Chemistry , vol.60 , pp. 365-370
    • Bonvehi, J.S.1    Coll, F.2
  • 33
    • 32444450791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient Laboratory ARS: Washington DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Accessed January 1 2009
    • Nutrient Laboratory ARS: USDA database for the proanthocyanidin content of selected foods. http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/ PA/PA.html 2004. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Accessed January 14, 2009.
    • (2004) USDA Database for the Proanthocyanidin Content of Selected Foods
  • 34
    • 33747407002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Content of redox-active compounds (i.e., antioxidants) in foods consumed in the United States
    • Halvorsen B L, Carlsen M H, Phillips K M, Bohn S K, Holte K, et al.: Content of redox-active compounds (i.e., antioxidants) in foods consumed in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 84, 95-135, 2006.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.84 , pp. 95-135
    • Halvorsen, B.L.1    Carlsen, M.H.2    Phillips, K.M.3    Bohn, S.K.4    Holte, K.5
  • 35
    • 0035135570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechin intake and associated dietary and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of Dutch men and women
    • Arts I C, Hollman P C, Feskens E J, Bueno de Mesquita H B, and Kromhout D: Catechin intake and associated dietary and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of Dutch men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr 55, 76-81, 2001.
    • (2001) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.55 , pp. 76-81
    • Arts, I.C.1    Hollman, P.C.2    Feskens, E.J.3    Bueno De Mesquita, H.B.4    Kromhout, D.5
  • 36
    • 33746843634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antioxidant capacity of coca products: Contribution to the Spanish diet
    • Tabernero M, Serrano J, and Saura-Calixto F: The antioxidant capacity of coca products: contribution to the Spanish diet. Int J Food Sci Tech 41(1 Suppl), 28-32, 2006.
    • (2006) Int J Food Sci Tech , vol.41 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 28-32
    • Tabernero, M.1    Serrano, J.2    Saura-Calixto, F.3
  • 38
    • 0036001343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary catechins and cancer incidence among postmenopausal women: The Iowa Women's Health Study (United States)
    • Arts I C, Jacobs D R Jr, Gross M, Harnack L J, and Folsom A R: Dietary catechins and cancer incidence among postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 13, 373-382, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Causes Control , vol.13 , pp. 373-382
    • Arts, I.C.1    Jacobs Jr., D.R.2    Gross, M.3    Harnack, L.J.4    Folsom, A.R.5
  • 39
    • 54749123287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular consumption of dark chocolate is associated with low serum concentrations of C-reactive protein in a healthy italian population
    • Di Giuseppe R, Di C A, Centritto F, Zito F, De C A, et al.: Regular consumption of dark chocolate is associated with low serum concentrations of C-reactive protein in a healthy italian population. J Nutr 138, 1939-1945, 2008.
    • (2008) J Nutr , vol.138 , pp. 1939-1945
    • Di Giuseppe, R.1    Di, C.A.2    Centritto, F.3    Zito, F.4    De, C.A.5
  • 40
    • 0032570092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life is sweet: Candy consumption and longevity
    • Lee I M and Paffenbarger R S Jr: Life is sweet: candy consumption and longevity. BMJ 317, 1683-1684, 1998.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 1683-1684
    • Lee, I.M.1    Paffenbarger Jr., R.S.2
  • 41
    • 34047268199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-alcoholic beverage and caffeine consumption and mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.12.011, PII S0091743506005603
    • Paganini-Hill A, Kawas CH, and Corrada MM: Non-alcoholic beverage and caffeine consumption and mortality: the Leisure World Cohort Study. Prev Med 44, 305-310, 2007. (Pubitemid 46550682)
    • (2007) Preventive Medicine , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 305-310
    • Paganini-Hill, A.1    Kawas, C.H.2    Corrada, M.M.3
  • 43
    • 37849035985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of turning and environmental contamination on the dynamics of populations of lactic acid and acetic acid bacteria involved in spontaneous cocoa bean heap fermentation in Ghana
    • Camu N, Gonzalez A, De W T, Van S A, De B K, et al.: Influence of turning and environmental contamination on the dynamics of populations of lactic acid and acetic acid bacteria involved in spontaneous cocoa bean heap fermentation in Ghana. Appl Environ Microbiol 74, 86-98, 2008.
    • (2008) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.74 , pp. 86-98
    • Camu, N.1    Gonzalez, A.2    De W, T.3    Van S, A.4    De B, K.5
  • 44
    • 0012845499 scopus 로고
    • The blood pressure of the Cuna Indians
    • Kean BH: The blood pressure of the Cuna Indians. Am J Trop Med 24, 341-343, 1944.
    • (1944) Am J Trop Med , vol.24 , pp. 341-343
    • Kean, B.H.1
  • 46
    • 33846661267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does flavanol intake influence mortality from nitric oxide-dependent processes? Ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and cancer in Panama
    • Bayard V, Chamorro F, Motta J, and Hollenberg N K: Does flavanol intake influence mortality from nitric oxide-dependent processes? Ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and cancer in Panama. Int J Med Sci 4, 53-58, 2007.
    • (2007) Int J Med Sci , vol.4 , pp. 53-58
    • Bayard, V.1    Chamorro, F.2    Motta, J.3    Hollenberg, N.K.4
  • 47
    • 32244437985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • -(-) Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans
    • Schroeter H, Heiss C, Balzer J, Kleinbongard P, Keen CL, et al.: (-)- Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 1024-1029, 2006.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 1024-1029
    • Schroeter, H.1    Heiss, C.2    Balzer, J.3    Kleinbongard, P.4    Keen, C.L.5
  • 49
    • 49449099395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the epidemiological evidence on tea, flavonoids, and lung cancer
    • Arts IC: A review of the epidemiological evidence on tea, flavonoids, and lung cancer. J Nutr 138, 1561S-1566S, 2008.
    • (2008) J Nutr , vol.138
    • Arts, I.C.1
  • 50
    • 23044481452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary patterns and the adenomacarcinoma sequence of colorectal cancer
    • Rouillier P, Senesse P, Cottet V, Valleau A, Faivre J, et al.: Dietary patterns and the adenomacarcinoma sequence of colorectal cancer. Eur J Nutr 44, 311-318, 2005.
    • (2005) Eur J Nutr , vol.44 , pp. 311-318
    • Rouillier, P.1    Senesse, P.2    Cottet, V.3    Valleau, A.4    Faivre, J.5
  • 52
    • 0033945987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second look at the relation between colorectal adenomas and consumption of foods containing partially hydrogenated oils
    • McKelvey W, Greenland S, and Sandler RS: A second look at the relation between colorectal adenomas and consumption of foods containing partially hydrogenated oils. Epidemiology 11, 469-473, 2000.
    • (2000) Epidemiology , vol.11 , pp. 469-473
    • McKelvey, W.1    Greenland, S.2    Sandler, R.S.3
  • 53
    • 0034935080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catechin intakemight explain the inverse relation between tea consumption and ischemic heart disease: The Zutphen Elderly Study
    • Arts I C,Hollman P C, Feskens E J,Bueno de Mesquita H B, and Kromhout D: Catechin intakemight explain the inverse relation between tea consumption and ischemic heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Am J Clin Nutr 74, 227-232, 2001.
    • (2001) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.74 , pp. 227-232
    • Arts, I.C.1    Hollman, P.C.2    Feskens, E.J.3    Bueno De Mesquita, H.B.4    Kromhout, D.5
  • 54
    • 33644599022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocoa intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular mortality: The Zutphen Elderly Study
    • Buijsse B, Feskens EJ, Kok FJ, and Kromhout D: Cocoa intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular mortality: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Arch Intern Med 166, 411-417, 2006.
    • (2006) Arch Intern Med , vol.166 , pp. 411-417
    • Buijsse, B.1    Feskens, E.J.2    Kok, F.J.3    Kromhout, D.4
  • 55
    • 33847789892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: A prospective study in postmenopausal women
    • Mink PJ, Scrafford CG, Barraj LM, Harnack L, Hong CP, et al.: Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 85, 895-909, 2007.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 895-909
    • Mink, P.J.1    Scrafford, C.G.2    Barraj, L.M.3    Harnack, L.4    Hong, C.P.5
  • 56
    • 34547405826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary catechins and cancer incidence: The Iowa Women's Health Study
    • Arts IC, Jacobs DR Jr, and Folsom AR: Dietary catechins and cancer incidence: the Iowa Women's Health Study. IARC Sci Publ 156, 353-355, 2002.
    • (2002) IARC Sci Publ , vol.156 , pp. 353-355
    • Arts, I.C.1    Jacobs Jr., D.R.2    Folsom, A.R.3
  • 57
    • 13844281685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans: I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies
    • Manach C,Williamson G,Morand C, Scalbert A, and Remesy C: Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans: I. review of 97 bioavailability studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 230S-242S, 2005.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Manach, C.1    Williamson, G.2    Morand, C.3    Scalbert, A.4    Remesy, C.5
  • 58
    • 33748153794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of oxidative stress
    • Tsimikas S: Measures of oxidative stress. Clin LabMed 26, 571-590, 2006.
    • (2006) Clin LabMed , vol.26 , pp. 571-590
    • Tsimikas, S.1
  • 59
  • 61
    • 18744383019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocoa products decrease low density lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility but do not affect biomarkers of inflammation in humans
    • Mathur S, Devaraj S, Grundy S M, and Jialal I: Cocoa products decrease low density lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility but do not affect biomarkers of inflammation in humans. J Nutr 132, 3663-3667, 2002.
    • (2002) J Nutr , vol.132 , pp. 3663-3667
    • Mathur, S.1    Devaraj, S.2    Grundy, S.M.3    Jialal, I.4
  • 62
    • 0033867415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epicatechin in human plasma: In vivo determination and effect of chocolate consumption on plasma oxidation status
    • Rein D, Lotito S, Holt RR, Keen CL, Schmitz HH, et al.: Epicatechin in human plasma: in vivo determination and effect of chocolate consumption on plasma oxidation status. J Nutr 130, 2109S-2114S, 2000.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Rein, D.1    Lotito, S.2    Holt, R.R.3    Keen, C.L.4    Schmitz, H.H.5
  • 63
    • 0033867144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A doseresponse effect from chocolate consumption on plasma epicatechin and oxidative damage
    • Wang JF, Schramm DD, Holt RR, Ensunsa JL, Fraga C G, et al.: A doseresponse effect from chocolate consumption on plasma epicatechin and oxidative damage. J Nutr 130, 2115S-2119S, 2000.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Wang, J.F.1    Schramm, D.D.2    Holt, R.R.3    Ensunsa, J.L.4    Fraga, C.G.5
  • 64
    • 0034749936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cocoa powder and dark chocolate on LDL oxidative susceptibility and prostaglandin concentrations in humans
    • Wan Y, Vinson JA, Etherton TD, Proch J, Lazarus SA, et al.: Effects of cocoa powder and dark chocolate on LDL oxidative susceptibility and prostaglandin concentrations in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 74, 596-602, 2001.
    • (2001) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.74 , pp. 596-602
    • Wan, Y.1    Vinson, J.A.2    Etherton, T.D.3    Proch, J.4    Lazarus, S.A.5
  • 66
    • 0037901952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavanols and procyanidin oligomers from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) inhibit platelet function
    • Murphy KJ, Chronopoulos AK, Singh I, Francis MA,Moriarty H, et al.: Dietary flavanols and procyanidin oligomers from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) inhibit platelet function. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 1466-1473, 2003.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 1466-1473
    • Murphy, K.J.1    Chronopoulos, A.K.2    Singh, I.3    Francis, M.A.4    Moriarty, H.5
  • 67
    • 2942516022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoidrich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults
    • Engler MB, Engler MM, Chen CY,MalloyMJ, Browne A, et al.: Flavonoidrich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr 23, 197-204, 2004.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 197-204
    • Engler, M.B.1    Engler, M.M.2    Chen, C.Y.3    Malloym, J.4    Browne, A.5
  • 68
    • 3042540223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavanol-rich cocoa drink lowers plasma F(2)-isoprostane concentrations in humans
    • Wiswedel I, Hirsch D, Kropf S, Gruening M, Pfister E, et al.: Flavanol-rich cocoa drink lowers plasma F(2)-isoprostane concentrations in humans. Free Radic Biol Med 37, 411-421, 2004.
    • (2004) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.37 , pp. 411-421
    • Wiswedel, I.1    Hirsch, D.2    Kropf, S.3    Gruening, M.4    Pfister, E.5
  • 69
    • 5444245110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dark chocolate consumption increases HDL cholesterol concentration and chocolate fatty acidsmay inhibit lipid peroxidation in healthy humans
    • Mursu J, Voutilainen S, Nurmi T, Rissanen TH, Virtanen JK, et al.: Dark chocolate consumption increases HDL cholesterol concentration and chocolate fatty acidsmay inhibit lipid peroxidation in healthy humans. Free Radic Biol Med 37, 1351-1359, 2004.
    • (2004) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.37 , pp. 1351-1359
    • Mursu, J.1    Voutilainen, S.2    Nurmi, T.3    Rissanen, T.H.4    Virtanen, J.K.5
  • 70
    • 18444365290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players
    • Fraga CG, ctis-Goretta L, Ottaviani JI, Carrasquedo F, Lotito SB, et al.: Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players. Clin Dev Immunol 12, 11-17, 2005.
    • (2005) Clin Dev Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 11-17
    • Fraga, C.G.1    Ctis-Goretta, L.2    Ottaviani, J.I.3    Carrasquedo, F.4    Lotito, S.B.5
  • 71
    • 33847216227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained increase in flow-mediated dilation after daily intake of high-flavanol cocoa drink over 1 week
    • Heiss C, Finis D, Kleinbongard P, Hoffmann A, Rassaf T, et al.: Sustained increase in flow-mediated dilation after daily intake of high-flavanol cocoa drink over 1 week. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 49, 74-80, 2007.
    • (2007) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 74-80
    • Heiss, C.1    Finis, D.2    Kleinbongard, P.3    Hoffmann, A.4    Rassaf, T.5
  • 72
    • 34347404130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low habitual cocoa intake on blood pressure and bioactive nitric oxide: A randomized controlled trial
    • Taubert D, Roesen R, Lehmann C, Jung N, and Schomig E: Effects of low habitual cocoa intake on blood pressure and bioactive nitric oxide: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 298, 49-60, 2007.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , pp. 49-60
    • Taubert, D.1    Roesen, R.2    Lehmann, C.3    Jung, N.4    Schomig, E.5
  • 73
    • 42249103282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebocontrolled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: Clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults
    • Crews WD Jr, Harrison DW, and Wright JW: A double-blind, placebocontrolled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 87, 872-880, 2008.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.87 , pp. 872-880
    • Crews Jr., W.D.1    Harrison, D.W.2    Wright, J.W.3
  • 74
    • 33749599185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotective effects of chocolate and almond consumption in healthy women
    • Kurlandsky SB and Stote KS: Cardioprotective effects of chocolate and almond consumption in healthy women. Nutr Res 26, 509-516, 2006.
    • (2006) Nutr Res , vol.26 , pp. 509-516
    • Kurlandsky, S.B.1    Stote, K.S.2
  • 75
    • 18044366443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pentameric procyanidin from Theobroma cacao selectively inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells
    • Ramljak D, Romanczyk LJ, Metheny-Barlow LJ, Thompson N, Knezevic V, et al.: Pentameric procyanidin from Theobroma cacao selectively inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 4, 537-546, 2005.
    • (2005) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.4 , pp. 537-546
    • Ramljak, D.1    Romanczyk, L.J.2    Metheny-Barlow, L.J.3    Thompson, N.4    Knezevic, V.5
  • 76
    • 33751306114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 126 (Prepared by the Tufts-New England Medical Center Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0022.) AHRQ Publication No. 05-E024-1, Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
    • Balk E, Chung M, Chew P, Ip S, Raman G, et al.: Effects of soy on health outcomes. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No.126 (Prepared by the Tufts-New England Medical Center Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0022.) AHRQ Publication No. 05-E024-1, Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2005.
    • (2005) Effects of Soy on Health Outcomes
    • Balk, E.1    Chung, M.2    Chew, P.3    Ip, S.4    Raman, G.5
  • 78
    • 28544447920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The meaning of food in our lives: A cross-cultural perspective on eating and well-being
    • Rozin P: The meaning of food in our lives: a cross-cultural perspective on eating and well-being. J Nutr Educ Behav 37(2 Suppl), S107-S112, 2005.
    • (2005) J Nutr Educ Behav , vol.37 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Rozin, P.1
  • 79
    • 0026651085 scopus 로고
    • Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease
    • Renaud S and De Lorgeril M: Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet 339, 1523-1526, 1992.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 1523-1526
    • Renaud, S.1    De Lorgeril, M.2
  • 81
    • 70449682846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MD: United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed September 25
    • United States Department of Agriculture NDL: USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 21. http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/sitemain.htm? modecode=12354500 Beltsville, MD: United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed September 25, 2008.
    • (2008) USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release , vol.21
  • 82
    • 70449689468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • : Knight I (ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Sciences, Inc.
    • Cheney SL: Analysis and nutrient databases. In: Knight I (ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Sciences, Inc., 1999, pp. 61-76.
    • (1999) Analysis and Nutrient Databases , pp. 61-76
    • Cheney, S.L.1
  • 83
    • 40949083840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological aspects about in vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties
    • Magalhaes L M, Segundo M A, Reis S, and Lima JL: Methodological aspects about in vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties. Anal Chim Acta 613, 1-19, 2008.
    • (2008) Anal Chim Acta , vol.613 , pp. 1-19
    • Magalhaes, L.M.1    Segundo, M.A.2    Reis, S.3    Lima, J.L.4
  • 84
    • 49449102755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of cytokines: TheWomen on theMove through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) Study
    • Wong E, Freiberg M, Tracy R, and Kuller L: Epidemiology of cytokines: theWomen On theMove through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) Study. Am J Epidemiol 168, 443-453, 2008.
    • (2008) Am J Epidemiol , vol.168 , pp. 443-453
    • Wong, E.1    Freiberg, M.2    Tracy, R.3    Kuller, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.