메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 263, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 16-27

What will whole genome searches for susceptibility genes for common complex disease offer to clinical practice?

Author keywords

Common genetic susceptibility variants; Complex disease; Genetics; Genome wide association; Polygenic

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN;

EID: 36949022443     PISSN: 09546820     EISSN: 13652796     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01895.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (47)

References (67)
  • 2
    • 36948998964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic aetiology alters response to treatment in diabetes
    • Pearson E, Hattersley A. Genetic aetiology alters response to treatment in diabetes. Diabet Med 2003 20 : 12.
    • (2003) Diabet Med , vol.20 , pp. 12
    • Pearson, E.1    Hattersley, A.2
  • 3
    • 0035451780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the allelic spectrum of human disease
    • Reich DE, Lander ES. On the allelic spectrum of human disease. Trends Genet 2001 17 : 502 10.
    • (2001) Trends Genet , vol.17 , pp. 502-10
    • Reich, D.E.1    Lander, E.S.2
  • 4
    • 0028923282 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the CD3 gene region and type 1 diabetes: Application of fluorescence-based technology to linkage disequilibrium mapping
    • Pritchard LE, Kawaguchi Y, Reed PW et al. Analysis of the CD3 gene region and type 1 diabetes: application of fluorescence-based technology to linkage disequilibrium mapping. Hum Mol Genet 1995 4 : 197 202.
    • (1995) Hum Mol Genet , vol.4 , pp. 197-202
    • Pritchard, L.E.1    Kawaguchi, Y.2    Reed, P.W.3
  • 6
    • 0036799545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The allelic architecture of human disease genes: Common disease-common variant or not?
    • Pritchard JK, Cox NJ. The allelic architecture of human disease genes: common disease-common variant or not? Hum Mol Genet 2002 11 : 2417 23.
    • (2002) Hum Mol Genet , vol.11 , pp. 2417-23
    • Pritchard, J.K.1    Cox, N.J.2
  • 7
    • 0034758045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomewide scans of complex human diseases: True linkage is hard to find
    • Altmuller J, Palmer LJ, Fischer G, Scherb H, Wjst M. Genomewide scans of complex human diseases: true linkage is hard to find. Am J Hum Genet 2001 69 : 936 50.
    • (2001) Am J Hum Genet , vol.69 , pp. 936-50
    • Altmuller, J.1    Palmer, L.J.2    Fischer, G.3    Scherb, H.4    Wjst, M.5
  • 8
    • 0029741063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases
    • Risch N, Merikangas K. The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases. Science 1996 273 : 1516 17.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1516-17
    • Risch, N.1    Merikangas, K.2
  • 9
    • 0035787511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of type 1A diabetes
    • Means, A.R., ed. Vol. 56. Chevy Chase, MD: The Endocrine Society
    • Redondo MJ, Fain PR, Eisenbarth GS. Genetics of type 1A diabetes. In : Means AR, ed. Recent Progress in Hormone Research, Vol. 56. Chevy Chase, MD : The Endocrine Society, 2001 69 89.
    • (2001) Recent Progress in Hormone Research , pp. 69-89
    • Redondo, M.J.1    Fain, P.R.2    Eisenbarth, G.S.3
  • 11
    • 0037312921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease
    • Lohmueller KE, Pearce CL, Pike M, Lander ES, Hirschhorn JN. Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease. Nat Genet 2003 33 : 177 82.
    • (2003) Nat Genet , vol.33 , pp. 177-82
    • Lohmueller, K.E.1    Pearce, C.L.2    Pike, M.3    Lander, E.S.4    Hirschhorn, J.N.5
  • 12
    • 0033624575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The common PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Altshuler D, Hirschhorn JN, Klannemark M et al. The common PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet 2000 26 : 76 80.
    • (2000) Nat Genet , vol.26 , pp. 76-80
    • Altshuler, D.1    Hirschhorn, J.N.2    Klannemark, M.3
  • 13
    • 0037317981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale association studies of variants in genes encoding the pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel subunits Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) and SUR1 (ABCC8) confirm that the KCNJ11 E23K variant is associated with type 2 diabetes
    • Gloyn AL, Weedon MN, Owen KR et al. Large-scale association studies of variants in genes encoding the pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel subunits Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) and SUR1 (ABCC8) confirm that the KCNJ11 E23K variant is associated with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2003 52 : 568 72.
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 568-72
    • Gloyn, A.L.1    Weedon, M.N.2    Owen, K.R.3
  • 14
    • 33745279056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating coverage of genome-wide association studies
    • Barrett JC, Cardon LR. Evaluating coverage of genome-wide association studies. Nat Genet 2006 38 : 659 62.
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , pp. 659-62
    • Barrett, J.C.1    Cardon, L.R.2
  • 15
    • 33745279392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating and improving power in whole-genome association studies using fixed marker sets
    • Pe'er I, de Bakker PIW, Maller J, Yelensky R, Altshuler D, Daly MJ. Evaluating and improving power in whole-genome association studies using fixed marker sets. Nat Genet 2006 38 : 663 7.
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , pp. 663-7
    • Pe'Er, I.1    De Bakker, P.I.W.2    Maller, J.3    Yelensky, R.4    Altshuler, D.5    Daly, M.J.6
  • 16
    • 34347344976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new multipoint method for genome-wide association studies by imputation of genotypes
    • Marchini J, Howie B, Myers S, McVean G, Donnelly P. A new multipoint method for genome-wide association studies by imputation of genotypes. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 906.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 906
    • Marchini, J.1    Howie, B.2    Myers, S.3    McVean, G.4    Donnelly, P.5
  • 17
    • 84969213492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls
    • The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium.
    • The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature 2007 447 : 661.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 661
  • 18
    • 34249895023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replication of genome-wide association signals in U.K. Samples reveals risk loci for type 2 diabetes
    • Zeggini E, Weedon MN, Lindgren CM et al. Replication of genome-wide association signals in U.K. Samples reveals risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Science 2007 316 : 1336 41.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1336-41
    • Zeggini, E.1    Weedon, M.N.2    Lindgren, C.M.3
  • 19
    • 34249885875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Genome-Wide Association Study of Type 2 Diabetes in Finns Detects Multiple Susceptibility Variants
    • Scott LJ, Mohlke KL, Bonnycastle LL et al. A Genome-Wide Association Study of Type 2 Diabetes in Finns Detects Multiple Susceptibility Variants. Science 2007 316 : 1341 5.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1341-5
    • Scott, L.J.1    Mohlke, K.L.2    Bonnycastle, L.L.3
  • 20
    • 34249888775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels
    • Diabetes Genetics Initiative of Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Lund University and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
    • Diabetes Genetics Initiative of Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Lund University and Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Saxena R, Voight BF et al. Genome-wide association analysis identifies loci for type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels. Science 2007 316 : 1331 6.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1331-6
    • Saxena, R.1    Voight, B.F.2
  • 21
    • 33847176604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes
    • Sladek R, Rocheleau G, Rung J et al. A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Nature 2007 445 : 881.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.445 , pp. 881
    • Sladek, R.1    Rocheleau, G.2    Rung, J.3
  • 22
    • 34249828965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant in CDKAL1 influences insulin response and risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Steinthorsdottir V, Thorleifsson G, Reynisdottir I et al. A variant in CDKAL1 influences insulin response and risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 770 5.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 770-5
    • Steinthorsdottir, V.1    Thorleifsson, G.2    Reynisdottir, I.3
  • 23
    • 32544451924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Grant SFA, Thorleifsson G, Reynisdottir I et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet 2006 38 : 320 3.
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , pp. 320-3
    • Grant, S.F.A.1    Thorleifsson, G.2    Reynisdottir, I.3
  • 24
    • 0028978274 scopus 로고
    • A P16(Ink4a)-insensitive Cdk4 mutant targeted by cytolytic T-lymphocytes in a human-melanoma
    • Wolfel T, Hauer M, Schneider J et al. A P16(Ink4a)-insensitive Cdk4 mutant targeted by cytolytic T-lymphocytes in a human-melanoma. Science 1995 269 : 1281 4.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1281-4
    • Wolfel, T.1    Hauer, M.2    Schneider, J.3
  • 25
    • 0032937751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of Cdk4 expression causes insulin-deficient diabetes and Cdk4 activation results in beta-islet cell hyperplasia
    • Rane SG, Dubus P, Mettus RV et al. Loss of Cdk4 expression causes insulin-deficient diabetes and Cdk4 activation results in beta-islet cell hyperplasia. Nat Genet 1999 22 : 44 52.
    • (1999) Nat Genet , vol.22 , pp. 44-52
    • Rane, S.G.1    Dubus, P.2    Mettus, R.V.3
  • 26
    • 33749187810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P16(INK4a) induces an age-dependent decline in islet regenerative potential
    • Krishnamurthy J, Ramsey MR, Ligon KL et al. p16(INK4a) induces an age-dependent decline in islet regenerative potential. Nature 2006 443 : 453 7.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 453-7
    • Krishnamurthy, J.1    Ramsey, M.R.2    Ligon, K.L.3
  • 27
    • 10944221356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoplasia of endocrine and exocrine pancreas in homozygous transgenic TGF-beta 1
    • Moritani M, Yamasaki S, Kagami M et al. Hypoplasia of endocrine and exocrine pancreas in homozygous transgenic TGF-beta 1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2005 229 : 175 84.
    • (2005) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.229 , pp. 175-84
    • Moritani, M.1    Yamasaki, S.2    Kagami, M.3
  • 28
    • 1342263517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hex homeobox gene-dependent tissue positioning is required for organogenesis of the ventral pancreas
    • Bort R, Martinez-Barbera JP, Beddington RSP, Zaret KS. Hex homeobox gene-dependent tissue positioning is required for organogenesis of the ventral pancreas. Development 2004 131 : 797 806.
    • (2004) Development , vol.131 , pp. 797-806
    • Bort, R.1    Martinez-Barbera, J.P.2    Beddington, R.S.P.3    Zaret, K.S.4
  • 29
    • 0033843244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hex expression suggests a role in the development and function of organs derived from foregut endoderm
    • Bogue CW, Ganea GR, Sturm E, Ianucci R, Jacobs HC. Hex expression suggests a role in the development and function of organs derived from foregut endoderm. Dev Dyn 2000 219 : 84 9.
    • (2000) Dev Dyn , vol.219 , pp. 84-9
    • Bogue, C.W.1    Ganea, G.R.2    Sturm, E.3    Ianucci, R.4    Jacobs, H.C.5
  • 30
    • 25844530871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuated Wnt signaling perturbs pancreatic growth but not pancreatic function
    • Papadopoulou S, Edlund H. Attenuated Wnt signaling perturbs pancreatic growth but not pancreatic function. Diabetes 2005 54 : 2844 51.
    • (2005) Diabetes , vol.54 , pp. 2844-51
    • Papadopoulou, S.1    Edlund, H.2
  • 31
    • 33845933521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TCF7L2 and type 2 diabetes - We WNT to know (Commentary)
    • Smith U. TCF7L2 and type 2 diabetes - we WNT to know (Commentary). Diabetologia 2007 50 : 5 7.
    • (2007) Diabetologia , vol.50 , pp. 5-7
    • Smith, U.1
  • 32
    • 34248594090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity
    • Frayling TM, Timpson NJ, Weedon MN et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity. Science 2007 316 : 889 94.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 889-94
    • Frayling, T.M.1    Timpson, N.J.2    Weedon, M.N.3
  • 33
    • 1542297335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration
    • Klein R, Peto T, Bird A, Vannewkirk MR. The epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 2004 137 : 486 95.
    • (2004) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.137 , pp. 486-95
    • Klein, R.1    Peto, T.2    Bird, A.3    Vannewkirk, M.R.4
  • 34
    • 0029759549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of age-related macular degeneration in men
    • Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Manson JE, Ajani UA, Buring JE. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of age-related macular degeneration in men. JAMA 1996 276 : 1147 51.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 1147-51
    • Christen, W.G.1    Glynn, R.J.2    Manson, J.E.3    Ajani, U.A.4    Buring, J.E.5
  • 35
    • 0029758899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of cigarette smoking and age-related macular degeneration in women
    • Seddon JM, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Hankinson SE. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and age-related macular degeneration in women. JAMA 1996 276 : 1141 6.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 1141-6
    • Seddon, J.M.1    Willett, W.C.2    Speizer, F.E.3    Hankinson, S.E.4
  • 36
    • 20244380171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement factor H polymorphism in age-related macular degeneration
    • Klein RJ, Zeiss C, Chew EY et al. Complement factor H polymorphism in age-related macular degeneration. Science 2005 308 : 385 9.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 385-9
    • Klein, R.J.1    Zeiss, C.2    Chew, E.Y.3
  • 37
    • 33748309136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variation in three genes, including a noncoding variant in CFH, strongly influences risk of age-related macular degeneration
    • Maller J, George S, Purcell S et al. Common variation in three genes, including a noncoding variant in CFH, strongly influences risk of age-related macular degeneration. Nat Genet 2006 38 : 1055 9.
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , pp. 1055-9
    • Maller, J.1    George, S.2    Purcell, S.3
  • 38
    • 33846627302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome-wide association scan of nonsynonymous SNPs identifies a susceptibility variant for Crohn disease in ATG16L1
    • Hampe J, Franke A, Rosenstiel P et al. A genome-wide association scan of nonsynonymous SNPs identifies a susceptibility variant for Crohn disease in ATG16L1. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 207 11.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 207-11
    • Hampe, J.1    Franke, A.2    Rosenstiel, P.3
  • 39
    • 34247554965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for Crohn disease and implicates autophagy in disease pathogenesis
    • Rioux JD, Xavier RJ, Taylor KD et al. Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for Crohn disease and implicates autophagy in disease pathogenesis. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 596.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 596
    • Rioux, J.D.1    Xavier, R.J.2    Taylor, K.D.3
  • 40
    • 0346997972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of prostate cancer
    • Crawford ED. Epidemiology of prostate cancer. Urology 2003 62 : 3 12.
    • (2003) Urology , vol.62 , pp. 3-12
    • Crawford, E.D.1
  • 41
    • 34247548755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study of prostate cancer identifies a second risk locus at 8q24
    • Yeager M, Orr N, Hayes RB et al. Genome-wide association study of prostate cancer identifies a second risk locus at 8q24. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 645.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 645
    • Yeager, M.1    Orr, N.2    Hayes, R.B.3
  • 42
    • 26944453121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization of chromosome arm 8q: Evaluation of genetic progression markers for prostate cancer
    • van Duin M, van Marion R, Vissers K et al. High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization of chromosome arm 8q: evaluation of genetic progression markers for prostate cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005 44 : 438 49.
    • (2005) Genes Chromosomes Cancer , vol.44 , pp. 438-49
    • Van Duin, M.1    Van Marion, R.2    Vissers, K.3
  • 43
    • 33644849222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2006 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
    • Thom T, Haase N, Rosamond W et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2006 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation 2006 113 : e85 151.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113
    • Thom, T.1    Haase, N.2    Rosamond, W.3
  • 44
    • 34250010480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common variant on chromosome 9p21 affects the risk of myocardial infarction
    • Helgadottir A, Thorleifsson G, Manolescu A et al. A common variant on chromosome 9p21 affects the risk of myocardial infarction. Science 2007 316 : 1491 3.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1491-3
    • Helgadottir, A.1    Thorleifsson, G.2    Manolescu, A.3
  • 45
    • 34249996115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common allele on chromosome 9 associated with coronary heart disease
    • McPherson R, Pertsemlidis A, Kavaslar N et al. A common allele on chromosome 9 associated with coronary heart disease. Science 2007 316 : 1488 91.
    • (2007) Science , vol.316 , pp. 1488-91
    • McPherson, R.1    Pertsemlidis, A.2    Kavaslar, N.3
  • 46
    • 4344574336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics - Five decades of therapeutic lessons from genetic diversity
    • Meyer UA. Pharmacogenetics - five decades of therapeutic lessons from genetic diversity. Nat Rev Genet 2004 5 : 669 76.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Genet , vol.5 , pp. 669-76
    • Meyer, U.A.1
  • 47
    • 3042723720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse drug reactions as cause of admission to hospital: Prospective analysis of 18,820 patients
    • Pirmohamed M, James S, Meakin S et al. Adverse drug reactions as cause of admission to hospital: prospective analysis of 18,820 patients. Br Med J 2004 329 : 15 19.
    • (2004) Br Med J , vol.329 , pp. 15-19
    • Pirmohamed, M.1    James, S.2    Meakin, S.3
  • 48
    • 33646778478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: Pharmacogenetics and beyond: The interaction of therapeutic response, beta-cell physiology, and genetics in diabetes
    • Hattersley AT, Pearson ER. Minireview: Pharmacogenetics and beyond: the interaction of therapeutic response, beta-cell physiology, and genetics in diabetes. Endocrinology 2006 147 : 2657 63.
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , pp. 2657-63
    • Hattersley, A.T.1    Pearson, E.R.2
  • 49
    • 0033847575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to sulphonylureas in patients with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha gene mutations: Evidence for pharmacogenetics in diabetes
    • Pearson ER, Liddell WG, Shepherd M, Corrall RJ, Hattersley AT. Sensitivity to sulphonylureas in patients with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha gene mutations: evidence for pharmacogenetics in diabetes. Diabet Med 2000 17 : 543 45.
    • (2000) Diabet Med , vol.17 , pp. 543-45
    • Pearson, E.R.1    Liddell, W.G.2    Shepherd, M.3    Corrall, R.J.4    Hattersley, A.T.5
  • 51
    • 36949009634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics in Type 2 diabetes: Variation in TCF7L2 influences response to sulphonylureas
    • Pearson ER, Donnelly L, Doney ASF et al. Pharmacogenetics in Type 2 diabetes: variation in TCF7L2 influences response to sulphonylureas. Diabet Med 2007 24 : 1 29.
    • (2007) Diabet Med , vol.24 , pp. 1-29
    • Pearson, E.R.1    Donnelly, L.2    Doney, A.S.F.3
  • 52
    • 1542314297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the clinical validity of multiplex genetic testing in complex diseases
    • Janssens A, Pardo MC, Steyerberg EW, van Duijn CM. Revisiting the clinical validity of multiplex genetic testing in complex diseases. Am J Hum Genet 2004 74 : 585 8.
    • (2004) Am J Hum Genet , vol.74 , pp. 585-8
    • Janssens, A.1    Pardo, M.C.2    Steyerberg, E.W.3    Van Duijn, C.M.4
  • 53
    • 33750876203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining information from common type 2 diabetes risk polymorphisms improves disease prediction
    • Weedon MN, McCarthy MI, Hitman G et al. Combining information from common type 2 diabetes risk polymorphisms improves disease prediction. PLoS Med 2006 3 : 1877 82.
    • (2006) PLoS Med , vol.3 , pp. 1877-82
    • Weedon, M.N.1    McCarthy, M.I.2    Hitman, G.3
  • 54
    • 0035094764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation is the spice of life
    • Kruglyak L, Nickerson DA. Variation is the spice of life. Nat Genet 2001 27 : 234 6.
    • (2001) Nat Genet , vol.27 , pp. 234-6
    • Kruglyak, L.1    Nickerson, D.A.2
  • 55
    • 0035865322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A map of human genome sequence variation containing 1.42 million single nucleotide polymorphisms
    • Sachidanandam R, Weissman D, Schmidt SC et al. A map of human genome sequence variation containing 1.42 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Nature 2001 409 : 928 33.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 928-33
    • Sachidanandam, R.1    Weissman, D.2    Schmidt, S.C.3
  • 57
    • 14944364782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The US Twin Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Relative Roles of Genetic and Environmental Influences
    • Seddon JM, Cote J, Page WF, Aggen SH, Neale MC. The US Twin Study of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Relative Roles of Genetic and Environmental Influences. Arch Ophthalmol 2005 123 : 321 7.
    • (2005) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.123 , pp. 321-7
    • Seddon, J.M.1    Cote, J.2    Page, W.F.3    Aggen, S.H.4    Neale, M.C.5
  • 58
    • 0023713859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in an unselected population of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. a study of heritability and the influence of smoking
    • Tysk C, Lindberg E, Jarnerot G, Floderus-Myrhed B. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in an unselected population of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. A study of heritability and the influence of smoking. Gut 1998 29 : 990 6.
    • (1998) Gut , vol.29 , pp. 990-6
    • Tysk, C.1    Lindberg, E.2    Jarnerot, G.3    Floderus-Myrhed, B.4
  • 60
    • 0032953097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heritability of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance - A population-based twin study
    • Poulsen P, Ohm Kyvik K, Vaag A, Beck-Nielsen H. Heritability of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance - a population-based twin study. Diabetologia 1999 42 : 139 45.
    • (1999) Diabetologia , vol.42 , pp. 139-45
    • Poulsen, P.1    Ohm Kyvik, K.2    Vaag, A.3    Beck-Nielsen, H.4
  • 62
  • 66
    • 34247563453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study identifies a second prostate cancer susceptibility variant at 8q24
    • Gudmundsson J, Sulem P, Manolescu A et al. Genome-wide association study identifies a second prostate cancer susceptibility variant at 8q24. Nat Genet 2007 39 : 631 7.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 631-7
    • Gudmundsson, J.1    Sulem, P.2    Manolescu, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.