The histamine H4 receptor: A novel modulator of inflammatory and immune disorders

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 113, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 594-606

  Zhang, Mai ^a   Thurmond, Robin L ^a   Dunford, Paul J ^a  

^a JOHNSON AND JOHNSON PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

Asthma; Histamine H4 receptor; Immune cell function; Inflammation; Pruritus

Indexed keywords

ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; FEXOFENADINE; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HISTAMINE H4 RECEPTOR; JNJ 10191584; JNJ 7777120; LORATADINE; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALLERGY; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ASTHMA; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; AUTOIMMUNITY; BINDING AFFINITY; CELL FUNCTION; CHEMOTAXIS; COLITIS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DENDRITIC CELL; DOWN REGULATION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG SELECTIVITY; EOSINOPHIL; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELL; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; IMMUNOREGULATION; IN VIVO STUDY; INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; MAST CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PRURITUS; RESPIRATORY TRACT ALLERGY; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS; BENZIMIDAZOLES; CHEMOTAXIS; CYTOKINES; DOWN-REGULATION; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES; INDOLES; INFLAMMATION; PIPERAZINES; RECEPTORS, G-PROTEIN-COUPLED; RECEPTORS, HISTAMINE;

EID: 33847712187     PISSN: 01637258     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.11.008     Document Type: Review

References (163)

1. Abdi K., Singh N., and Matzinger P. T-cell control of IL-12p75 production. Scand J Immunol 64 (2006) 83-92
2. Ajuebor M.N., Das A.M., Virag L., Flower R.J., Szabo C., and Perretti M. Role of resident peritoneal macrophages and mast cells in chemokine production and neutrophil migration in acute inflammation: evidence for an inhibitory loop involving endogenous IL-10. J Immunol 162 (1999) 1685-1691
3. Akdis C.A., and Simons F.E. Histamine receptors are hot in immunopharmacology. Eur J Pharmacol 533 (2006) 69-76
4. Alewijnse A.E., Smit M.J., Hoffmann M., Verzijl D., Timmerman H., and Leurs R. Constitutive activity and structural instability of the wild-type human H2 receptor. J Neurochem 71 (1998) 799-807
5. Aluvihare V.R., and Betz A.G. The role of regulatory T cells in alloantigen tolerance. Immunol Rev 212 (2006) 330-343
6. 3) of histamine receptor. Nature 302 (1983) 832-837
7. Askenase P.W. Mast cells and the mediation of T-cell recruitment in arthritis. N Engl J Med 349 (2003) 1294
8. Becker C., Dornhoff H., Neufert C., Fantini M.C., Wirtz S., Huebner S., et al. Cutting edge: IL-23 cross-regulates IL-12 production in T cell-dependent experimental colitis. J Immunol 177 (2006) 2760-2764
9. 1 receptors in scratching induced by histamine receptor agonists in balb C mice. Br J Pharmacol 142 (2004) 374-380
10. Benoist C., and Mathis D. Mast cells in autoimmune disease. Nature 420 (2002) 875-878
11. Berger P., Perng D.-W., Thabrew H., Compton S.J., Cairns J.A., McEuen A.R., et al. Tryptase and agonists of PAR-2 induce the proliferation of human airway smooth muscle cells. J Appl Physiol 91 (2001) 1372-1379
12. Bernhard J.D. Itch and pruritus: what are they, and how should itches be classified?. Dermatol Ther 18 (2005) 288-291
13. 3-receptor: a novel prejunctional receptor regulating gastrointestinal function. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 5 (1991) 585-591
14. Bischoff S.C., Wedemeyer J., Herrmann A., Meier P.N., Trautwein C., Cetin Y., et al. Quantitative assessment of intestinal eosinophils and mast cells in inflammatory bowel disease. Histopathology 28 (1996) 1-13
15. 3 receptors. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 14 (1996) 620-626
16. Bousquet J., Jeffery P.K., Busse W.W., Johnson M., and Vignola A.M. Asthma: from bronchoconstriction to airways inflammation and remodeling. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161 (2000) 1720-1745
17. Bradding P., Walls A.F., and Holgate S.T. The role of the mast cell in the pathophysiology of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117 (2006) 1277-1284
18. Bradley B.L., Azzawi M., Jacobson M., Assoufi B., Collins J.V., Irani A.M., et al. Eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, mast cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in bronchial biopsy specimens from atopic subjects with asthma: comparison with biopsy specimens from atopic subjects without asthma and normal control subjects and relationship to bronchial hyperresponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 88 (1991) 661-674
19. 4 receptors. J Physiol.
20. Buckland K.F., Williams T.J., and Conroy D.M. Histamine induces cytoskeletal changes in human eosinophils via the H4 receptor. Br J Pharmacol 140 (2003) 1117-1127
21. Canto E., Ricart E., Monfort D., Gonzalez-Juan D., Balanzo J., Rodriguez-Sanchez J.L., et al. TNF[alpha] production to TLR2 ligands in active IBD patients. Clin Immunol 119 (2006) 156-165
22. Carballo F. Efficiency of potent gastric acid inhibition. Drugs 65 Suppl 1 (2005) 105-111
23. Carvalho A.T., Elia C.C., de Souza H.S., Elias P.R., Pontes E.L., Lukashok H.P., et al. Immunohistochemical study of intestinal eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 36 (2003) 120-125
24. 3 receptor antagonists reach out for the clinic. Drug Discov Today 10 (2005) 1613-1627
25. Chang Soo E., Dong Soo H., Seung Hyun L., Chang Hee P., Yong Woo C., Jin L., et al. Attenuation of colonic inflammation by PPARγ in intestinal epithelial cells: effect on toll-like receptor pathway. Dig Dis Sci 51 (2006) 693-697
26. Chard M.D., and Crisp A.J. Astemizole, an H1 antagonist, has no additional therapeutic effect in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 18 (1991) 203-204
27. Chatzantoni K., and Mouzaki A. Anti-TNF-alpha antibody therapies in autoimmune diseases. Curr Top Med Chem 6 (2006) 1707-1714
28. Chung K.F. Individual cytokines contributing to asthma pathophysiology: valid targets for asthma therapy?. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4 (2003) 1320-1326
29. 3 receptors on AtT-20 cells. Agents Actions 40 (1993) 129-134
30. 4-receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284 (2001) 301-309
31. Cook D.N., Pisetsky D.S., and Schwartz D.A. Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of human disease. Nat Immunol 5 (2004) 975-979
32. Corthay A. A three-cell model for activation of naive T helper cells. Scand J Immunol 64 (2006) 93-96
33. Cottone M., Mocciaro F., and Modesto I. Infliximab and ulcerative colitis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 6 (2006) 401-408
34. Crisp A.J. Studies of histamine in the rheumatoid joint. Rheumatol Int 4 (1984) 125-128
35. Cumming P., Shaw C., and Vincent S.R. High affinity histamine binding site is the H3 receptor: characterization and autoradiographic localization in rat brain. Synapse 8 (1991) 144-151
36. de Magalhaes Simoes S., dos Santos M.A., da Silva Oliveira M., Fontes E.S., Fernezlian S., Garippo A.L., et al. Inflammatory cell mapping of the respiratory tract in fatal asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 35 (2005) 602-611
37. 1 receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 197 (1993) 1601-1608
38. Doganci A., Eigenbrod T., Krug N., De Sanctis G.T., Hausding M., Erpenbeck V.J., et al. The IL-6Rα chain controls lung CD4 + CD25 + Treg development and function during allergic airway inflammation in vivo. J Clin Invest 115 (2005) 313-325
39. Drutel G., Peitsaro N., Karlstedt K., Wieland K., Smit M.J., Timmerman H., et al. Identification of rat H3 receptor isoforms with different brain expression and signaling properties. Mol Pharmacol 59 (2001) 1-8
40. 4 receptor mediates allergic airway inflammation by regulating the activation of CD4+ T cells. J Immunol 176 (2006) 7062-7070
41. 4 receptor antagonism attenuates toll-like receptor signaling and inhibits experimental colitis in the rat. Gastroenterology 130 (2006) W1597
42. 4 receptor antagonists are superior to traditional antihistamines in the attenuation of experimental pruritus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 119 (2007) 176-183
43. Feldmann M., Brennan F.M., Foxwell B.M., Taylor P.C., Williams R.O., and Maini R.N. Anti-TNF therapy: where have we got to in 2005?. J Autoimmun 25 Suppl 1 (2005) 26-28
44. Flood-Page P., Menzies-Gow A., Phipps S., Ying S., Wangoo A., Ludwig M.S., et al. Anti-IL-5 treatment reduces deposition of ECM proteins in the bronchial subepithelial basement membrane of mild atopic asthmatics. J Clin Invest 112 (2003) 1029-1036
45. Flood-Page P.T., Menzies-Gow A.N., Kay A.B., and Robinson D.S. Eosinophil's role remains uncertain as anti-interleukin-5 only partially depletes numbers in asthmatic airway. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167 (2003) 199-204
46. Frewin D.B., Cleland L.G., Jonsson J.R., and Robertson P.W. Histamine levels in human synovial fluid. J Rheumatol 13 (1986) 13-14
47. Fujimoto K., Kubo K., Matsuzawa Y., and Sekiguchi M. Eosinophil cationic protein levels in induced sputum correlate with the severity of bronchial asthma. Chest 112 (1997) 1241-1247
48. Fujino S., Andoh A., Bamba S., Ogawa A., Hata K., Araki Y., et al. Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 52 (2003) 65-70
49. Fuss I.J., Neurath M., Boirivant M., Klein J.S., de la Motte C., Strong S.A., et al. Disparate CD4 + lamina propria (LP) lymphokine secretion profiles in inflammatory bowel disease. Crohn's disease LP cells manifest increased secretion of IFN-gamma, whereas ulcerative colitis LP cells manifest increased secretion of IL-5. J Immunol 157 (1996) 1261-1270
50. + T cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 303 (2002) 300-307
51. Gelbmann C.M., Mestermann S., Gross V., Kollinger M., Scholmerich J., and Falk W. Strictures in Crohn's disease are characterised by an accumulation of mast cells colocalised with laminin but not with fibronectin or vitronectin. Gut 45 (1999) 210-217
52. Goodnow C.C., Sprent J., Fazekas de St Groth B., and Vinuesa C.G. Cellular and genetic mechanisms of self tolerance and autoimmunity. Nature 435 (2005) 590-597
53. Greaves M.W., and Wall P.D. Pathophysiology of itching. Lancet 348 (1996) 938-940
54. Grossmann M., Jamieson M.J., and Kirch W. Histamine response and local cooling in the human skin: involvement of H1- and H2-receptors. Br J Clin Pharmacol 48 (1999) 216-222
55. 4 receptor stimulation suppresses IL-12p70 production and mediates chemotaxis in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Immunol 174 (2005) 5224-5232
56. Haas N., Toppe E., and Henz B.M. Microscopic morphology of different types of urticaria. Arch Dermatol 134 (1998) 41-46
57. He S.H. Key role of mast cells and their major secretory products in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 10 (2004) 309-318
58. Hill S.J., Ganellin C.R., Timmerman H., Schwartz J.C., Shankley N.P., Young J.M., et al. International Union of Pharmacology: XIII. Classification of histamine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 49 (1997) 253-278
59. 4 receptor mediates chemotaxis and calcium mobilization of mast cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 305 (2003) 1212-1221
60. Holgate S.T., Hardy C., Howarth P.H., Robinson C., Church M.K., and Agius R.M. Bronchial mucosal mast cells and their implications in the pathogenesis of asthma. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 22 Suppl 7 (1986) 39-47
61. 3-receptors on cholinergic nerves in human airways. Eur J Pharmacol 163 (1989) 383-386
62. 4 receptor expression in human synovial cells obtained from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Biol Pharm Bull 28 (2005) 2016-2018
63. Ikoma A., Rukwied R., Stander S., Steinhoff M., Miyachi Y., and Schmelz M. Neuronal sensitization for histamine-induced itch in lesional skin of patients with atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 139 (2003) 1455-1458
64. Ikoma A., Steinhoff M., Stander S., Yosipovitch G., and Schmelz M. The neurobiology of itch. Nat Rev Neurosci 7 (2006) 535-547
65. Imaizumi A., Kawakami T., Murakami F., Soma Y., and Mizoguchi M. Effective treatment of pruritus in atopic dermatitis using H1 antihistamines (second-generation antihistamines): changes in blood histamine and tryptase levels. J Dermatol Sci 33 (2003) 23-29
66. Iruretagoyena M.I., Wiesendanger M., and Kalergis A.M. The dendritic cell-T cell synapse as a determinant of autoimmune pathogenesis. Curr Pharm Des 12 (2006) 131-147
67. Ishiguro Y.O.H., Sakuraba H., Yamagata K., and Munakata A. The presentation of haptenated proteins and activation of T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes by dendritic cells in the TNBS colitis rat. Ann NY Acad Sci 1029 (2004) 346-347
68. Ishikawa S., and Sperelakis N. A novel class (H3) of histamine receptors on perivascular nerve terminals. Nature 327 (1987) 158-160
69. Ito H. Novel therapy for Crohn's disease targeting IL-6 signalling. Expert Opin Ther Targets 8 (2004) 287-294
70. 4 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 46 (2003) 3957-3960
71. Jarjour N., Calhoun W., Schwartz L., and Busse W. Elevated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid histamine levels in allergic asthmatics are associated with increased airway obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis 144 (1991) 83-87
72. Jutel M., Watanabe T., Akdis M., Blaser K., and Akdis C.A. Immune regulation by histamine. Curr Opin Immunol 14 (2002) 735-740
73. Jutel M., Blaser K., and Akdis C.A. The role of histamine in regulation of immune responses. Chem Immunol Allergy 91 (2006) 174-187
74. Kay A.B. Inflammatory cells in bronchial asthma. J Asthma 26 (1989) 335-344
75. Keane-Myers A., Gause W.C., Linsley P.S., Chen S.J., and Wills-Karp M. B7-CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory pathways are required for the development of T helper cell 2-mediated allergic airway responses to inhaled antigens. J Immunol 158 (1997) 2042-2049
76. Khodoun M.V., Orekhova T., Potter C., Morris S., and Finkelman F.D. Basophils initiate IL-4 production during a memory T-dependent response. J Exp Med 200 (2004) 857-870
77. Kips J.C., O'Connor B.J., Langley S.J., Woodcock A., Kerstjens H.A.M., Postma D.S., et al. Effect of SCH55700, a humanized anti-human interleukin-5 antibody, in severe persistent asthma: a pilot study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167 (2003) 1655-1659
78. Klein P.A., and Clark R.A. An evidence-based review of the efficacy of antihistamines in relieving pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 135 (1999) 1522-1525
79. 3-receptors in the regulation of anaphylactic histamine release from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells. Jpn J Pharmacol 66 (1994) 173-180
80. Kolaczkowska E., Seljelid R., and Plytycz B. Role of mast cells in zymosan-induced peritoneal inflammation in Balb/c and mast cell-deficient WBB6F1 mice. J Leukoc Biol 69 (2001) 33-42
81. 3 receptor ligands: evidence for heterogeneous active state receptor conformations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314 (2005) 271-281
82. Kubo Y., and Nakano K. Regulation of histamine synthesis in mouse CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Inflamm Res 48 (1999) 149-153
83. 3 receptor-dependent G protein activation in rat brain tissue sections. J Neurochem 71 (1998) 808-816
84. Lakatos P.L., Fischer S., Lakatos L., Gal I., and Papp J. Current concept on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-crosstalk between genetic and microbial factors: pathogenic bacteria and altered bacterial sensing or changes in mucosal integrity take "toll"?. World J Gastroenterol 12 (2006) 1829-1841
85. Lambrecht B.N. Dendritic cells and the regulation of the allergic immune response. Allergy 60 (2005) 271-282
86. Leckie M.J., Brinke A.t., Khan J., Diamant Z., O'Connor B.J., Walls C.M., et al. Effects of an interleukin-5 blocking monoclonal antibody on eosinophils, airway hyper-responsiveness, and the late asthmatic response. Lancet 356 (2000) 2144-2148
87. 2 receptor stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Br J Pharmacol 112 (1994) 847-854
88. 4 receptor: identification of 4-methylhistamine as the first potent and selective H4 receptor agonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314 (2005) 1310-1321
89. 4 receptor mediates eosinophil chemotaxis with cell shape change and adhesion molecule upregulation. Br J Pharmacol 142 (2004) 161-171
90. 3 receptors. J Invest Dermatol 123 (2004) 116-123
91. 4) expressed in bone marrow. Mol Pharmacol 59 (2001) 420-426
92. 4 receptors reveals substantial pharmacological species variation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299 (2001) 121-130
93. 3 receptor. Mol Pharmacol 55 (1999) 1101-1107
94. 3-receptors inhibit sympathetic neurotransmission in guinea pig myocardium. Eur J Pharmacol 204 (1991) 311-314
95. 2+-dependent protein kinase C, Raf/MEK/ERK and IKK/I kappa B/NF-kappa B signal cascades. Biochem Pharmacol 69 (2005) 433-449
96. Mazzoni A., Siraganian R.P., Leifer C.A., and Segal D.M. Dendritic cell modulation by mast cells controls the Th1/Th2 balance in responding T cells. J Immunol 177 (2006) 3577-3581
97. McCurdy J.D., Olynych T.J., Maher L.H., and Marshall J.S. Cutting edge: distinct toll-like receptor 2 activators selectively induce different classes of mediator production from human mast cells. J Immunol 170 (2003) 1625-1629
98. Monroe E.W. Relative efficacy and safety of loratadine, hydroxyzine, and placebo in chronic idiopathic urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Clin Ther 14 (1992) 17-21
99. Monti J.M. Involvement of histamine in the control of the waking state. Life Sci 53 (1993) 1331-1338
100. Morse K.L., Behan J., Laz T.M., West Jr. R.E., Greenfeder S.A., Anthes J.C., et al. Cloning and characterization of a novel human histamine receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 296 (2001) 1058-1066
101. Munday J., Bloomfield R., Goldman M., Robey H., Kitowska G.J., Gwiezdziski Z., et al. Chlorpheniramine is no more effective than placebo in relieving the symptoms of childhood atopic dermatitis with a nocturnal itching and scratching component. Dermatology 205 (2002) 40-45
102. Nakae S., Komiyama Y., Nambu A., Sudo K., Iwase M., Homma I., et al. Antigen-specific T cell sensitization is impaired in IL-17-deficient mice, causing suppression of allergic cellular and humoral responses. Immunity 17 (2002) 375-387
103. Nakamura T., Itadani H., Hidaka Y., Ohta M., and Tanaka K. Molecular cloning and characterization of a new human histamine receptor, HH4R. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 279 (2000) 615-620
104. Nakaya M., Takeuchi N., and Kondo K. Immunohistochemical localization of histamine receptor subtypes in human inferior turbinates. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 113 (2004) 552-557
105. Nguyen T., Shapiro D.A., George S.R., Setola V., Lee D.K., Cheng R., et al. Discovery of a novel member of the histamine receptor family. Mol Pharmacol 59 (2001) 427-433
106. Oda T., Morikawa N., Saito Y., Masuho Y., and Matsumoto S.-i. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of histamine receptor preferentially expressed in leukocytes. J Biol Chem 275 (2000) 36781-36786
107. Ohkusa T., Nomura T., and Sato N. The role of bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Intern Med 43 (2004) 534-539
108. 2+ current via GTP hydrolysis in rabbit saphenous artery. J Physiol 448 (1992) 133-152
109. 4 receptor on human eosinophils-role in eosinophil chemotaxis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 22 (2002) 431-448
110. Park H., Li Z., Yang X.O., Chang S.H., Nurieva R., Wang Y.-H., et al. A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17. Nat Immunol 6 (2005) 1133-1141
111. Paus R., Schmelz M., Biro T., and Steinhoff M. Frontiers in pruritus research: scratching the brain for more effective itch therapy. J Clin Invest 116 (2006) 1174-1186
112. Pearlman D.S. Antihistamines: pharmacology and clinical use. Drugs 12 (1976) 258-273
113. Petersen L.J., Hansen U., Kristensen J.K., Nielsen H., Skov P.S., and Nielsen H.J. Studies on mast cells and histamine release in psoriasis: the effect of ranitidine. Acta Derm Venereol 78 (1998) 190-193
114. Pettit M. Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Pharm World Sci 27 (2005) 432-435
115. Phanuphak P., Schocket A.L., Arroyave C.M., and Kohler P.F. Skin histamine in chronic urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 65 (1980) 371-375
116. Phipps S., Flood-Page P., Menzies-Gow A., Ong Y.E., and Kay A.B. Intravenous anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody reduces eosinophils and tenascin deposition in allergen-challenged human atopic skin. J Investig Dermatol 122 (2004) 1406-1412
117. 3 receptor and its gene transcripts in rat brain. Neuroscience 114 (2002) 173-193
118. Puxeddu I., Ribatti D., Crivellato E., and Levi-Schaffer F. Mast cells and eosinophils: a novel link between inflammation and angiogenesis in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 116 (2005) 531-536
119. Raffa R.B. Antihistamines as analgesics. J Clin Pharm Ther 26 (2001) 81-85
120. Raithel M., Matek M., Baenkler H.W., Jorde W., and Hahn E.G. Mucosal histamine content and histamine secretion in Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and allergic enteropathy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 108 (1995) 127-133
121. 1 receptors of mouse neuroblastoma cells. Nature 274 (1978) 176-177
122. Ring J. Plasma histamine concentrations in atopic eczema. Clin Allergy 13 (1983) 545-552
123. Rottem M., and Mekori Y.A. Mast cells and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 4 (2005) 21-27
124. Rukwied R., Lischetzki G., McGlone F., Heyer G., and Schmelz M. Mast cell mediators other than histamine induce pruritus in atopic dermatitis patients: a dermal microdialysis study. Br J Dermatol 142 (2000) 1114-1120
125. Salomon B., and Bluestone J.A. Complexities of CD28/B7: CTLA-4 costimulatory pathways in autoimmunity and transplantation. Annu Rev Immunol 19 (2001) 225-252
126. 3R, in the human intestinal tract. Gut 55 (2006) 498-504
127. Sartor R.B. Review article: role of the enteric microflora in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation and arthritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 11 Suppl 3 (1997) 17-22 (discussion 22-13)
128. Sato M., Sano H., Iwaki D., Kudo K., Konishi M., Takahashi H., et al. Direct binding of Toll-like receptor 2 to zymosan, and zymosan-induced NF-kappa B activation and TNF-alpha secretion are down-regulated by lung collectin surfactant protein A. J Immunol 171 (2003) 417-425
129. 2 receptor contains positive and negative signals important for signal transduction and receptor down-regulation. J Neurochem 67 (1996) 1791-1800
130. Supajatura V., Ushio H., Nakao A., Akira S., Okumura K., Ra C., et al. Differential responses of mast cell toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in allergy and innate immunity. J Clin Invest 109 (2002) 1351-1359
131. Szeberenyi J.B., Pallinger E., Zsinko M., Pos Z., Rothe G., Orso E., et al. Inhibition of effects of endogenously synthesized histamine disturbs in vitro human dendritic cell differentiation. Immunol Lett 76 (2001) 175-182
132. 4 receptor in leukotriene B4 production and mast cell-dependent neutrophil recruitment induced by zymosan in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 307 (2003) 1072-1078
133. 2 receptor-mediated airway goblet cell secretion and its modulation by histamine-degrading enzymes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 99 (1997) 233-238
134. 3 receptor gene. NeuroReport 12 (2001) 321-324
135. Terzioglu N., van Rijn R.M., Bakker R.A., De Esch I.J., and Leurs R. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of indole and benzimidazole piperazines as histamine H(4) receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 14 (2004) 5251-5256
136. Theiner G., Gessner A., and Lutz M.B. The mast cell mediator PGD2 suppresses IL-12 release by dendritic cells leading to Th2 polarized immune responses in vivo. Immunobiology 211 (2006) 463-472
137. 4 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory properties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 309 (2004) 404-413
138. 2+ signalling and membrane-potential oscillations in human HeLa carcinoma cells. Biochem J 266 (1990) 235-243
139. Togias A. H1-receptors: localization and role in airway physiology and in immune functions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112 (2003) S60-S68
140. 3 receptor: roles in feeding regulation and therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders. J Pharmacol Sci 101 (2006) 12-18
141. Toubi E., and Shoenfeld Y. Toll-like receptors and their role in the development of autoimmune diseases. Autoimmunity 37 (2004) 183-188
142. Tuomisto L., Kilpelainen H., and Riekkinen P. Histamine and histamine-N-methyltransferase in the CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis. Agents Actions 13 (1983) 255-257
143. Turley S.J. Dendritic cells: inciting and inhibiting autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 14 (2002) 765-770
144. Underhill D.M., Ozinsky A., Hajjar A.M., Stevens A., Wilson C.B., Bassetti M., et al. The toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens. Nature 401 (1999) 811-815
145. 4 receptor antagonists on experimental colitis in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 522 (2005) 130-138
146. 4 receptor ligands as potential mediators of inflammatory and allergic disorders. Anti Inflamm Anti Allergy Agents Med Chem 5 (2006) 307-322
147. Venable J.D., Cai H., Chai W., Dvorak C.A., Grice C.A., Jablonowski J.A., et al. Preparation and biological evaluation of indole, benzimidazole, and thienopyrrole piperazine carboxamides: potent human histamine H(4) antagonists. J Med Chem 48 (2005) 8289-8298
148. Vliagoftis H., Schwingshackl A., Milne C.D., Duszyk M., Hollenberg M.D., Wallace J.L., et al. Proteinase-activated receptor-2-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 release from airway epithelial cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 106 (2000) 537-545
149. Voehringer D., Shinkai K., and Locksley R.M. Type 2 immunity reflects orchestrated recruitment of cells committed to IL-4 production. Immunity 20 (2004) 267-277
150. Vohora D. Histamine-selective H3 receptor ligands and cognitive functions: an overview. IDrugs 7 (2004) 667-673
151. Wahlgren C.F., Hagermark O., and Bergstrom R. The antipruritic effect of a sedative and a non-sedative antihistamine in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 122 (1990) 545-551
152. White M.V. The role of histamine in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 86 (1990) 599-605
153. Winterkamp S., Weidenhiller M., Otte P., Stolper J., Schwab D., Hahn E.G., et al. Urinary excretion of N-methylhistamine as a marker of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 97 (2002) 3071-3077
154. Wong C.K., Ho C.Y., Ko F.W.S., Chan C.H.S., Ho A.S.S., Hui D.S.C., et al. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-12) and Th cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) in patients with allergic asthma. Clin Exp Immunol 125 (2001) 177-183
155. Woolley D.E. The mast cell in inflammatory arthritis. N Engl J Med 348 (2003) 1709-1711
156. Xie H., and He S.H. Roles of histamine and its receptors in allergic and inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Gastroenterol 11 (2005) 2851-2857
157. Xu J., and Chuang D.M. Serotonergic, adrenergic and histaminergic receptors coupled to phospholipase C in cultured cerebellar granule cells of rats. Biochem Pharmacol 36 (1987) 2353-2358
158. Yen D., Cheung J., Scheerens H., Poulet F., McClanahan T., Mckenzie B., et al. IL-23 is essential for T cell-mediated colitis and promotes inflammation via IL-17 and IL-6. J Clin Invest 116 (2006) 1310-1316
159. Yoshimoto T., Bendelac A., Watson C., Hu-Li J., and Paul W.E. Role of NK1.1+ T cells in a TH2 response and in immunoglobulin E production. Science 270 (1995) 1845-1847
160. Yosipovitch G., Greaves M.W., and Schmelz M. Itch. Lancet 361 (2003) 690-694
161. 4 receptor in autoimmune disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 15 (2006) 1443-1452
162. Zhang Z., Zheng M., Bindas J., Schwarzenberger P., and Kolls J. Critical role of IL-17 receptor signaling in acute TNBS-induced colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 12 (2006) 382-388
163. Zhu Y., Michalovich D., Wu H.-L., Tan K.B., Dytko G.M., Mannan I.J., et al. Cloning, expression, and pharmacological characterization of a novel human histamine receptor. Mol Pharmacol 59 (2001) 434-441