The Rho small GTPase: Functions in health and disease

Histology and Histopathology

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 915-927

  Toksoz, D ^a   Merdek, Keith D ^a  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Disease; Rho; Small GTPase

Indexed keywords

G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; MYOSIN ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN CDC42; RHO FACTOR; RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; RHOA GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; RHOB GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; SERUM RESPONSE FACTOR;

ACTIN FILAMENT; BACTERIAL INFECTION; CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CELL ADHESION; CELL GROWTH; CELL MIGRATION; CELL SHAPE; CYTOKINESIS; CYTOSKELETON; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; LIVER DISEASE; METASTASIS; MUSCLE CONTRACTILITY; PATHOGENESIS; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; VIRUS INFECTION;

ACTINS; ANIMALS; CELL ADHESION; CELL DIVISION; CELL MEMBRANE; HUMANS; LIVER; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MYOSINS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASMS; RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 0036066997     PISSN: 02133911     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

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6. Activation of RhoA and SAPK/JNK signalling pathways by the RhoA-specific exchange factor mNET1
7. Membrane motors
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9. Identification of a putative target for Rho as the serine-threonine kinase protein kinase N
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11. Inhibition of RhoA by p120 catenin
12. Angiotensin II signaling to phospholipase D in renal microvascular smooth muscle cells in SHR
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15. Rho signals to cell growth and apoptosis
16. Determination of interaction sites on the small G protein RhoA for phospholipase D
17. Motility and invasion are differentially modulated by Rho family GTPases
18. The two guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains of Trio link the Rac1 and the RhoA pathways in vivo
19. The Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav-2 regulates the development of cell-mediated cytotoxicity
20. Rho GTPases and their effector proteins
21. The RhoGAP activity of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cytotoxin YopE is required for antiphagocytic function and virulence
22. Ras-independent oncogenic transformation by an EGF-receptor mutant
23. Ras oncogenes in human cancer: A review
24. The small GTPases Rho and Rac are required for the establishment of cadherin-dependent cell-cell contacts
25. G alpha 12 and G alpha 13 stimulate Rho-dependent stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly
26. Focal adhesions, contractility, and signaling
27. Identification of two distinct mechanisms of phagocytosis controlled by different Rho GTPases
28. The Dbl family of oncogenes
29. Isolation of a novel oncogene, NET1, from neuroepithelioma cells by expression cDNA cloning
30. The mammalian G protein rhoC is ADP-ribosylated by Clostridium botulinum exoenzyme C3 and affects actin microfilaments in Vero cells
31. Myr 7 is a novel myosin IX-RhoGAP expressed in rat brain
32. The small GTP-binding protein Rho regulates a phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase in mammalian cells
33. Evidence that rho-kinase activity contributes to cerebral vascular tone in vivo and is enhanced during chronic hypertension: Comparison with protein kinase C
34. Integrin-mediated signals regulated by members of the rho family of GTPases
35. Genomic analysis of metastasis reveals an essential role for RhoC
36. The multidomain protein Trio binds the LAR transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase, contains a protein kinase domain, and has separte rac-specific and rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains
37. AKAP-Lbc Anchors Protein Kinase A and Nucleates G(12)-selective Rho-mediated Stress Fiber Formation
38. Geranylgeranylated RhoB mediates suppression of human tumor cell growth by farnesyltransferase inhibitors
39. Regulation of endocytic traffic by rho family GTPases
40. The predicted DBL oncogene product defines a distinct class of transforming proteins
41. Rho family proteins in cell adhesion and cell migration
42. Toxin-induced activation of the G protein p21 Rho by deamidation of glutamine
43. p190 RhoGAP, the major RasGAP-associated protein, binds GTP directly
44. Rho GTPases are over-expressed in human tumors
45. A novel PDZ domain containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor links heterotrimeric G proteins to Rho
46. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of regulatory protein (GDI) for the rho proteins, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins
47. Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor traffic by the small GTPase rhoB
48. PKN binds and phosphorylates human papillomavirus E6 oncoprotein
49. Identification of a novel, putative Rho-specific GDP/GTP exchange factor and a RhoA-binding protein: Control of neuronal morphology
50. Regulation of vinculin binding to talin and actin by phosphatidyl- inositol-4-5-bisphosphate
51. Lfc and Lsc oncoproteins represent two new guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho GTP-binding protein
52. Role of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins--ras-family or trimeric proteins or both--in Ca2+ sensitization of smooth muscle
53. Differential properties of D4/LyGDI versus RhoGDI: Phosphorylation and rho GTPase selectivity
54. Rhoa is activated during respiratory syncytial virus infection
55. Cellular transformation and guanine nucleotide exchange activity are catalyzed by a common domain on the dbl oncogene product
56. Identification of a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho GTPase
57. Direct stimulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of p115 RhoGEF by Galpha13
58. Role of Rho family proteins in phospholipase D activation by growth factors
59. An SH3 domain-containing GTPase-activating protein for Rho and Cdc42 associates with focal adhesion kinase
60. The Rho family GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and CDC42Hs regulate transcriptional activation by SRF
61. A dual functional signal mediator showing RhoGAP and phospholipase C- delta stimulating activities
62. Cell migration--movin' on
63. The low molecular weight GTPase Rho regulates myofibril formation and organization in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Involvement of Rho kinase
64. p160ROCK, a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase, works downstream of Rho and induces focal adhesions
65. An essential part of Rho-associated kinase in the transcellular invasion of tumor cells
66. Inhibition of lysophosphatidate- and thrombin-induced neurite retraction and neuronal cell rounding by ADp ribosylation of the small GTP-binding protein Rho
67. Novel signaling pathways contributing to vascular changes in hypertension
68. Regulation of cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion by the Rho family GTPases
69. Cholera toxin and extracellular Ca2+ induce adherence of non-piliated Neisseria: Evidence for an important role of G-proteins and Rho in the bacteria-cell interaction
70. Phospholipase D activity is required for actin stress fiber formation in fibroblasts
71. Inhibition of myosin phosphatase by upregulated rho-kinase plays a key role for coronary artery spasm in a porcine model with interleukin-1beta
72. Role of Rho small GTP binding protein in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton in hepatic stellate cells
73. Prostaglandin E receptor EP3 subtype induces neurite retraction via small GTPase Rho
74. Constitutively active Gapha12, Galpha13, and Galphaq induce Rho-dependent neurite retraction through different signaling pathways
75. ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 attenuates stellate cell contraction and portal pressure increase induced by endothelin-1
76. Rho GTPase activity modulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa internalization by epithelial cells
77. Regulation of myocin phosphatase by Rho and Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase)
78. Regulation of the association of adducin with actin filaments by Rho- associated kinase (Rho-kinase) and myosin phosphatase
79. Accumulation of GTP- bound RhoA during cytokinesis and critical role of ECT2 in this accumulation
80. Signaling to Rho GTPases
81. Identification of a gene at 11q23 encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor: Evidence for its fusion with MLL in acute myeloid leukemia
82. Regulation of G protein-mediated signaling pathways by RGS proteins
83. The Ras-related protein Cdc42Hs and bradykinin promote formation of peripheral actin microspikes and filopodia in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts
84. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoT is a Rho GTPase-activating protein
85. Regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis by Rho and Rac
86. The TSC1 tumour suppressor hamartin regulates cell adhesion through ERM proteins and the GTPase Rho
87. Characterization of rhoGAP. A GTPase-activating protein for rho-related small GTPase
88. cDNA cloning of a human mRNA preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cell and with homology to a GDP-dissociation inhibitor for the rho GTP- binding proteins
89. Pleckstrin homology domains
90. A novel serine/threonine kinase binding the Ras-related RhoA GTPase which translocates the kinase to peripheral membranes
91. The p160 RhoA-binding kinase ROK alpha is a member of a kinase family and is involved in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton
92. Entry of the two infectious forms of vaccinia virus at the plasma membrane is signaling-dependent for the IMV but not the EEV
93. Nonsyndromic deafness DFNA1 associated with mutation of a human homolog of the Drosophila gene diaphanous
94. Rho- and rac-dependent assembly of focal adhesion complexes and actin filaments in permeabilized fibroblasts: An essential role for ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins
95. Role of citron kinase as a target of the small GTPase Rho in cytokinesis
96. Requirement for Rho-mediated myosin light chain phosphorylation in thrombin-stimulated cell rounding and its dissociation from mitogenesis
97. A Rho exchange factor mediates thrombin and Galpha(12)-induced cytoskeletal responses
98. Guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF115 specifically mediates activation of Rho and serum response factor by the G protein alpha subunit Galpha 13
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100. Rho-kinase phosphorylates COOH-terminal threonines of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins and regulates their head-to-tail association
101. Rho family GTpase control entry of Shigella flexneri into epithelial cells but not intracellular motility
102. Mechanisms that regulate mechanosensory hair cell differentiation
103. Endosome dynamics regulated by a Rho protein
104. Distinct actions and cooperative roles of ROCK and mDia in Rho small G protein-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
105. Rho effectors and reorganization of actin cytoskeleton
106. Rho, rac, and cdc42 GTPases regulate the assembly of multimolecular focal complexes associated with actin stress fibers, lamellipodia, and filopodia
107. Cadherin engagement regulates Rho family GTPases
108. Skeletal muscle deformity and neuronal disorder in Trio exchange factor- deficient mouse embryos
109. Rho guanine dissociation inhibitors: Pivotal molecules in cellular signalling
110. An essential role for Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 GTPases in cell cycle progression through G1
111. mDia mediates Rho-regulated formation and orientation of stable microtubules
112. Hypermutation of multiple proto-oncogenes in B-cell diffuse large-cell lymphomas
113. Tumorigenic activity of rho genes from Aplysia californica
114. Activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB by Rho, CDC42, and Rac-1 proteins
115. Human myosin-IXb is a mechanochemically active motor and a GAP for rho
116. Functional analysis of ARHGAP6, a novel GTPase-activating protein for RhoA
117. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors define a role for RhoB in controlling neoplastic pathophysiology
118. Critical role of Rho in cell transformation by oncogenic Ras
119. Nonrandom 4p13 rearrangements of the RhoH/TTF gene, encoding a GTP-binding protein, in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma
120. The small GTPases Rac and Rho as regulators of secretion in mast cells
121. A role for Rho in Ras transformation
122. Rhotekin, a new putative target for Rho bearing homology to a serine/threonine kinase, PKN, and rhophilin and the rho-binding domain
123. A novel type of myosin implicated in signalling by rho family GTPases
124. Regulation of the small GTP-binding protein Rho by cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton
125. Physical association of the small GTPase Rho with a 68-kDa phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase in Swiss 3T3 cells
126. Leukemia-associated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, a DbI family protein found mutated in leukemia, causes transformation by activation of RhoA
127. Stress fibres take shape
128. The small GTP-binding protein rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors
129. The small GTP-binding protein rac regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling
130. Rho family GTPase activating proteins p190, bcr and rhoGAP show distinct specificities in vitro and in vivo
131. Characterization of Brx, a novel Dbl family member that modulates estrogen receptor action
132. Physical and functional interactions of Galphaq with Rho and its exchange factors
133. Inhibition of rho-associated kinase results in suppression of neointimal formation of balloon-injured arteries
134. Cloning and characterization of a novel rho-type GTPase-activating protein gene (ARHGAP6) from the clinical region for microphthalmia with linear skin defects
135. GTPase-activating proteins: Helping hands to complements an active site
136. Ly-GDI, a GDP-dissociation inhibitor of the RhoA GTP-binding protein, is expressed preferentially in lymphocytes
137. Involvement of the GTP binding protein Rho in constitutive endocytosis in Xenopus laevis oocytes
138. Gln 63 to Rho is deamidated by Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1
139. Rho GTPases: Signaling, migration, and invasion
140. Rho as a mediator of G protein-coupled receptor signaling
141. Rho and Rho kinase mediate thrombin-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis and migration
142. Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding the GAP-associated protein p190: Implications for a signaling pathway from ras to the nucleus
143. Massive actin polymerization induced by phosphatidylinositol-4- phosphate 5-kinase in vivo
144. Signaling transduction. Rhomantic interludes raise blood pressure
145. Rho-kinase inhibitor retards migration and in vivo dissemination of human prostate cancer cells
146. Signal-regulated activation of serum response factor is mediated by changes in actin dynamics
147. Overexpression of the rhoC gene correlates with progression of ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
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149. Regulation of cell-cell adhesion by rac and rho small G proteins in MDCK cells
150. Human ECT2 is an exchange factor for Rho GTPases, phosphorylated in G2/M phases, and involved in cytokinesis
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152. Protein kinases as mediators of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling
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154. p160ROCK mediates RhoA activation of Na-H exchange
155. An X chromosome-linked gene encoding a protein with characteristics of a rho-GAP predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells
156. Calcium sensitization of smooth muscle mediated by a Rho-associated protein kinase in hypertension
157. Rho GTPases and signaling networks
158. RhoC GTPase, a novel transforming oncogene for human mammary epithelial cells that partially recapitulates the inflammatory breast cancer phenotype
159. A novel putative low-affinity insulin-like growth factor-binding protein, LIBC (lost in inflammatory breast cancer), and RhoC GTPase correlate with the inflammatory breast cancer phenotype
160. Infection of human endothelial cells with Bartonella bacilliformis is dependent on Rho and results in activation of Rho
161. Activation of N+-H+ exchange is necessary for RhoA-induced stress fiber formation
162. The PRK2 kinase is a potential effector target of both Rho and Rac GTPases and regulates actin cytoskeletal organization
163. RhoA-sensitive trafficking of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
164. Modulation of HIV-1 replication by a novel RhoA effector activity
165. FH proteeins as cytoskeletal organizers
166. Protein kinase N (PKN) and PKN-related protein rhophilin as targets of small GTPase Rho
167. P140mDia, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila diaphanous, is a target protein for Rho small GTPase and is a ligand for profilin
168. Cooperation between mDia1 and ROCK in Rho-induced actin reorganization
169. RhoA signaling via serum response factor plays on obligatory role in myogenic differentiation
170. Expression cloning of lfc, a novel concogene with structural similarities to guanine nucleotide exchange factors and to the regulatory region of protein kinase C
171. The Rho/Rho-kinase and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways are essential for spontaneous locomotion of Walker 256 carcinosarcomacells
172. A novel C3-like ADP-ribosyltransferase from Staphylococcus aureus modifying RhoE and Rnd3
173. Regulation of TNF-alpha-induced reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell-cell junctions by Rho, Rac and Cdc42 in human endothelial cells
174. Involvement of Rho-kinase in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of rat vascular smooth muscle cells
175. Rho directs activation-associated changes in rat hepatic stellate cell morphology via regulation of the actin cytoskeleton
176. Cloning, characterization, and chromosomal localization of a gene frequently deleted in human liver cancer (DLC-1) homologous to rat RhoGAP
177. Regulation of Ras-related RhoB protein expression during the cell cycle
178. RhoGDI-3 is a new GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI). Identification of a non-cytosolic GDID protein interacting with the small GTP-binding proteins RhoB and RhoG
179. Regulation of RhoA GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase-activating proteins p190, p50RhoGAP, Bcr, and 3BP-1
180. Functional interaction between the cytoplasmic leucine-zipper domain of HIV-1 gp41 and p115-RhoGEF
181. Direct involvement of the small GTP-binding protein Rho in lbc oncogene function