메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 2-17

Joint position statement on “Nutraceuticals for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia” of the Italian Society of Diabetology (SID) and of the Italian Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis (SISA)

Author keywords

Berberine; Cholesterol; Fiber; Nutraceuticals; Phytosterols; Policosanol; Red yeast rice; Soy

Indexed keywords

BERBERINE; BETA GLUCAN; CHITOSAN; CHOLESTIN; GUAR GUM; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; ISPAGULA; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MANNAN; NUTRACEUTICAL; PECTIN; PHYTOSTEROL; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

EID: 85008210389     PISSN: 09394753     EISSN: 15903729     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.11.122     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (89)

References (153)
  • 1
    • 84992092089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the task force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)
    • [1] Catapano, A.L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M.J., Drexel, H., et al. 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the task force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Atherosclerosis, 2016, 1–64.
    • (2016) Atherosclerosis , pp. 1-64
    • Catapano, A.L.1    Graham, I.2    De Backer, G.3    Wiklund, O.4    Chapman, M.J.5    Drexel, H.6
  • 2
    • 0023025526 scopus 로고
    • Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT)
    • [2] Stamler, J., Wentworth, D., Neaton, J.D., Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). JAMA 256 (1986), 2823–2828.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 2823-2828
    • Stamler, J.1    Wentworth, D.2    Neaton, J.D.3
  • 3
    • 0023710312 scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol and lipids in the risk of coronary artery disease–the Framingham Heart Study
    • [3] Castelli, W.P., Cholesterol and lipids in the risk of coronary artery disease–the Framingham Heart Study. Can J Cardiol 4:Suppl. A (1988), 5A–10A.
    • (1988) Can J Cardiol , vol.4 , pp. 5A-10A
    • Castelli, W.P.1
  • 4
    • 84880271369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative benefits of statins in the primary and secondary prevention of major coronary events and all-cause mortality: a network meta-analysis of placebo-controlled and active-comparator trials
    • [4] Naci, H., Brugts, J.J., Fleurence, R., Tsoi, B., Toor, H., Ades, A.E., Comparative benefits of statins in the primary and secondary prevention of major coronary events and all-cause mortality: a network meta-analysis of placebo-controlled and active-comparator trials. Eur J Prev Cardiol 20 (2013), 641–657.
    • (2013) Eur J Prev Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 641-657
    • Naci, H.1    Brugts, J.J.2    Fleurence, R.3    Tsoi, B.4    Toor, H.5    Ades, A.E.6
  • 5
    • 35248829989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To statin or to non-statin in coronary disease–considering absolute risk is the answer
    • [5] Rembold, C.M., To statin or to non-statin in coronary disease–considering absolute risk is the answer. Atherosclerosis 195 (2007), 1–6.
    • (2007) Atherosclerosis , vol.195 , pp. 1-6
    • Rembold, C.M.1
  • 6
    • 84899416206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence supporting primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases with statins: gaps between updated clinical results and actual practice
    • [6] Bruckert, E., Ferrières, J., Evidence supporting primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases with statins: gaps between updated clinical results and actual practice. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 107 (2014), 188–200.
    • (2014) Arch Cardiovasc Dis , vol.107 , pp. 188-200
    • Bruckert, E.1    Ferrières, J.2
  • 7
    • 84960074993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early initiation of statin treatment in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia
    • [7] Braamskamp, M.J., Hutten, B.A., Wiegman, A., Early initiation of statin treatment in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Curr Opin Lipidol 26 (2015), 236–239.
    • (2015) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.26 , pp. 236-239
    • Braamskamp, M.J.1    Hutten, B.A.2    Wiegman, A.3
  • 8
    • 84933673677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 randomised trials
    • [8] Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration, Fulcher, J., O'Connell, R., Voysey, M., Emberson, J., Blackwell, L., Mihaylova, B., et al. Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 randomised trials. Lancet 385 (2015), 1397–1405.
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.385 , pp. 1397-1405
    • Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration1    Fulcher, J.2    O'Connell, R.3    Voysey, M.4    Emberson, J.5    Blackwell, L.6    Mihaylova, B.7
  • 9
    • 84931411520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes
    • [9] Cannon, C.P., Blazing, M.A., Giugliano, R.P., McCagg, A., White, J.A., Theroux, P., et al., IMPROVE-IT Investigators. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 372 (2015), 2387–2397.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 2387-2397
    • Cannon, C.P.1    Blazing, M.A.2    Giugliano, R.P.3    McCagg, A.4    White, J.A.5    Theroux, P.6
  • 10
    • 66349126280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCSK9: a convertase that coordinates LDL catabolism
    • [10] Horton, J.D., Cohen, J.C., Hobbs, H.H., PCSK9: a convertase that coordinates LDL catabolism. J Lipid Res 50:Suppl. (2009), S172–S177.
    • (2009) J Lipid Res , vol.50 , pp. S172-S177
    • Horton, J.D.1    Cohen, J.C.2    Hobbs, H.H.3
  • 11
    • 84921417221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular function of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)
    • [11] Schulz, R., Schlüter, K.D., Laufs, U., Molecular and cellular function of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Basic Res Cardiol, 110, 2015, 4.
    • (2015) Basic Res Cardiol , vol.110 , pp. 4
    • Schulz, R.1    Schlüter, K.D.2    Laufs, U.3
  • 12
    • 17844406130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early initiation of lipid-lowering therapy for acute coronary syndromes improves compliance with guideline recommendations: observations from the orbofiban in patients with unstable coronary syndromes (OPUS-TIMI 16) trial
    • [12] Smith, C.S., Cannon, C.P., McCabe, C.H., Murphy, S.A., Bentley, J., Braunwald, E., Early initiation of lipid-lowering therapy for acute coronary syndromes improves compliance with guideline recommendations: observations from the orbofiban in patients with unstable coronary syndromes (OPUS-TIMI 16) trial. Am Heart J 149 (2005), 444–450.
    • (2005) Am Heart J , vol.149 , pp. 444-450
    • Smith, C.S.1    Cannon, C.P.2    McCabe, C.H.3    Murphy, S.A.4    Bentley, J.5    Braunwald, E.6
  • 13
    • 84899758327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of time-related benefits of statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
    • [13] Navarese, E.P., Kowalewski, M., Andreotti, F., van Wely, M., Camaro, C., Kolodziejczak, M., et al. Meta-analysis of time-related benefits of statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 113 (2014), 1753–1764.
    • (2014) Am J Cardiol , vol.113 , pp. 1753-1764
    • Navarese, E.P.1    Kowalewski, M.2    Andreotti, F.3    van Wely, M.4    Camaro, C.5    Kolodziejczak, M.6
  • 14
    • 77953619826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can people make healthy changes to their diet and maintain them in the long term? A review of the evidence
    • [14] Chapman, K., Can people make healthy changes to their diet and maintain them in the long term? A review of the evidence. Appetite 54 (2010), 433–441.
    • (2010) Appetite , vol.54 , pp. 433-441
    • Chapman, K.1
  • 15
    • 84926636595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based approach to fiber supplements and clinically meaningful health benefits, part 1: what to look for and how to recommend an effective fiber therapy
    • [15] McRorie, J.W. Jr., Evidence-based approach to fiber supplements and clinically meaningful health benefits, part 1: what to look for and how to recommend an effective fiber therapy. Nutr Today 50 (2015), 82–89.
    • (2015) Nutr Today , vol.50 , pp. 82-89
    • McRorie, J.W.1
  • 16
    • 84864341844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viscous versus nonviscous soluble fiber supplements: mechanisms and evidence for fiber-specific health benefits
    • [16] Chutkan, R., Fahey, G., Wright, W.L., McRorie, J., Viscous versus nonviscous soluble fiber supplements: mechanisms and evidence for fiber-specific health benefits. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 24 (2012), 476–487.
    • (2012) J Am Acad Nurse Pract , vol.24 , pp. 476-487
    • Chutkan, R.1    Fahey, G.2    Wright, W.L.3    McRorie, J.4
  • 17
    • 80055035009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viscosity rather than quantity of dietary fibre predicts cholesterol-lowering effect in healthy individuals
    • [17] Vuksan, V., Jenkins, A.L., Rogovik, A.L., Fairgrieve, C.D., Jovanovski, E., Leiter, L.A., Viscosity rather than quantity of dietary fibre predicts cholesterol-lowering effect in healthy individuals. Br J Nutr 106 (2011), 1349–1352.
    • (2011) Br J Nutr , vol.106 , pp. 1349-1352
    • Vuksan, V.1    Jenkins, A.L.2    Rogovik, A.L.3    Fairgrieve, C.D.4    Jovanovski, E.5    Leiter, L.A.6
  • 18
    • 84920025684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional foods and cardiometabolic diseases* International task Force for prevention of cardiometabolic diseases
    • [18] Assmann, G., Buono, P., Daniele, A., Della Valle, E., Farinaro, E., Ferns, G., et al. Functional foods and cardiometabolic diseases* International task Force for prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 24 (2014), 1272–1300.
    • (2014) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.24 , pp. 1272-1300
    • Assmann, G.1    Buono, P.2    Daniele, A.3    Della Valle, E.4    Farinaro, E.5    Ferns, G.6
  • 19
    • 84922581356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between dietary fiber and lower risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • [19] Yang, Y., Zhao, L.G., Wu, Q.J., Ma, X., Xiang, Y.B., Association between dietary fiber and lower risk of all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol 181 (2015), 83–91.
    • (2015) Am J Epidemiol , vol.181 , pp. 83-91
    • Yang, Y.1    Zhao, L.G.2    Wu, Q.J.3    Ma, X.4    Xiang, Y.B.5
  • 20
    • 84913615311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble and insoluble dietary fibre intake and risk factors for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults: the AWHS cohort
    • [20] Moreno Franco, B., León Latre, M., Andrés Esteban, E.M., Ordovás, J.M., Casasnovas, J.A., Peñalvo, J.L., Soluble and insoluble dietary fibre intake and risk factors for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults: the AWHS cohort. Nutr Hosp 30 (2014), 1279–1288.
    • (2014) Nutr Hosp , vol.30 , pp. 1279-1288
    • Moreno Franco, B.1    León Latre, M.2    Andrés Esteban, E.M.3    Ordovás, J.M.4    Casasnovas, J.A.5    Peñalvo, J.L.6
  • 22
    • 79451472045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-soy legume consumption lowers cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • [22] Bazzano, L.A., Thompson, A.M., Tees, M.T., Nguyen, C.H., Winham, D.M., Non-soy legume consumption lowers cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 21 (2011), 94–103.
    • (2011) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.21 , pp. 94-103
    • Bazzano, L.A.1    Thompson, A.M.2    Tees, M.T.3    Nguyen, C.H.4    Winham, D.M.5
  • 24
    • 0025841841 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary fiber and carbohydrate on glucose and lipoprotein metabolism in diabetic patients
    • [24] Riccardi, G., Rivellese, A.A., Effects of dietary fiber and carbohydrate on glucose and lipoprotein metabolism in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 14 (1991), 1115–1125.
    • (1991) Diabetes Care , vol.14 , pp. 1115-1125
    • Riccardi, G.1    Rivellese, A.A.2
  • 25
    • 84888089906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fiber intake and cardiometabolic risks among US adults, NHANES 1999–2010
    • [25] Grooms, K.N., Ommerborn, M.J., Pham do, Q., Djoussé, L., Clark, C.R., Dietary fiber intake and cardiometabolic risks among US adults, NHANES 1999–2010. Am J Med 126 (2013), 1059–1067.
    • (2013) Am J Med , vol.126 , pp. 1059-1067
    • Grooms, K.N.1    Ommerborn, M.J.2    Pham do, Q.3    Djoussé, L.4    Clark, C.R.5
  • 26
    • 81055149713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The third Italian national food consumption survey, INRAN-SCAI 2005-06–part 1: nutrient intakes in Italy
    • [26] Sette, S., Le Donne, C., Piccinelli, R., Arcella, D., Turrini, A., Leclercq, C., INRAN-SCAI 2005-6 Study Group. The third Italian national food consumption survey, INRAN-SCAI 2005-06–part 1: nutrient intakes in Italy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 21 (2011), 922–932.
    • (2011) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.21 , pp. 922-932
    • Sette, S.1    Le Donne, C.2    Piccinelli, R.3    Arcella, D.4    Turrini, A.5    Leclercq, C.6
  • 27
    • 70450170188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total dietary carbohydrate, sugar, starch and fibre intakes in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
    • [27] Cust, A.E., Skilton, M.R., van Bakel, M.M., Halkjaer, J., Olsen, A., Agnoli, C., et al. Total dietary carbohydrate, sugar, starch and fibre intakes in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. Eur J Clin Nutr 63 (2009), S37–S60.
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. S37-S60
    • Cust, A.E.1    Skilton, M.R.2    van Bakel, M.M.3    Halkjaer, J.4    Olsen, A.5    Agnoli, C.6
  • 28
    • 0032944280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis
    • [28] Brown, L., Rosner, B., Willett, W.W., Sacks, F.M., Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999), 30–42.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 30-42
    • Brown, L.1    Rosner, B.2    Willett, W.W.3    Sacks, F.M.4
  • 29
    • 84911383272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • [29] Whitehead, A., Beck, E.J., Tosh, S., Wolever, T.M., Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 100 (2014), 1413–1421.
    • (2014) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.100 , pp. 1413-1421
    • Whitehead, A.1    Beck, E.J.2    Tosh, S.3    Wolever, T.M.4
  • 30
    • 67650254411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time- and dose-dependent effect of psyllium on serum lipids in mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
    • [30] Wei, Z.H., Wang, H., Chen, X.Y., Wang, B.S., Rong, Z.X., Wang, B.S., et al. Time- and dose-dependent effect of psyllium on serum lipids in mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Eur J Clin Nutr 63 (2009), 821–827.
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. 821-827
    • Wei, Z.H.1    Wang, H.2    Chen, X.Y.3    Wang, B.S.4    Rong, Z.X.5    Wang, B.S.6
  • 31
    • 77955281425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble fibre (Plantago ovata husk) reduces plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, oxidised LDL and systolic blood pressure in hypercholesterolaemic patients: a randomised trial
    • [31] Solà, R., Bruckert, E., Valls, R.M., Narejos, S., Luque, X., Castro-Cabezas, M., et al. Soluble fibre (Plantago ovata husk) reduces plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, oxidised LDL and systolic blood pressure in hypercholesterolaemic patients: a randomised trial. Atherosclerosis 211 (2010), 630–637.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.211 , pp. 630-637
    • Solà, R.1    Bruckert, E.2    Valls, R.M.3    Narejos, S.4    Luque, X.5    Castro-Cabezas, M.6
  • 33
    • 51649120132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of glucomannan on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, and blood pressure: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • [33] Sood, N., Baker, W.L., Coleman, C.I., Effect of glucomannan on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, and blood pressure: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 88 (2008), 1167–1175.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 1167-1175
    • Sood, N.1    Baker, W.L.2    Coleman, C.I.3
  • 34
    • 58149463192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose significantly lowers blood cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic human subjects
    • [34] Reppas, C., Swidan, S.Z., Tobey, S.W., Turowski, M., Dressman, J.B., Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose significantly lowers blood cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic human subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 63 (2009), 71–77.
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. 71-77
    • Reppas, C.1    Swidan, S.Z.2    Tobey, S.W.3    Turowski, M.4    Dressman, J.B.5
  • 35
    • 68549106291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia
    • [35] Maki, K.C., Carson, M.L., Miller, M.P., Anderson, W.H., Turowski, M., Reeves, M.S., et al. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose lowers cholesterol in statin-treated men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia. Eur J Clin Nutr 63 (2009), 1001–1007.
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. 1001-1007
    • Maki, K.C.1    Carson, M.L.2    Miller, M.P.3    Anderson, W.H.4    Turowski, M.5    Reeves, M.S.6
  • 36
    • 72249098743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a plant-based high-carbohydrate/high-fiber diet versus high-monounsaturated fat/low-carbohydrate diet on postprandial lipids in type 2 diabetic patients
    • [36] De Natale, C., Annuzzi, G., Bozzetto, L., Mazzarella, R., Costabile, G., Ciano, O., et al. Effects of a plant-based high-carbohydrate/high-fiber diet versus high-monounsaturated fat/low-carbohydrate diet on postprandial lipids in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 32 (2009), 2168–2173.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 2168-2173
    • De Natale, C.1    Annuzzi, G.2    Bozzetto, L.3    Mazzarella, R.4    Costabile, G.5    Ciano, O.6
  • 37
    • 84904760558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A whole-grain cereal-based diet lowers postprandial plasma insulin and triglyceride levels in individuals with metabolic syndrome
    • [37] Giacco, R., Costabile, G., Della Pepa, G., Anniballi, G., Griffo, E., Mangione, A., et al. A whole-grain cereal-based diet lowers postprandial plasma insulin and triglyceride levels in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 24 (2014), 837–844.
    • (2014) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.24 , pp. 837-844
    • Giacco, R.1    Costabile, G.2    Della Pepa, G.3    Anniballi, G.4    Griffo, E.5    Mangione, A.6
  • 38
    • 77955782296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific opinion on dietary Reference values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre
    • 1462 [77 pp.]. Available online:
    • [38] EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA), Scientific opinion on dietary Reference values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre. EFSA J, 8, 2010, 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1462 1462 [77 pp.]. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu.
    • (2010) EFSA J , vol.8
  • 39
    • 84945128614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: health implications of dietary fiber
    • [39] Dahl, W.J., Stewart, M.L., Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: health implications of dietary fiber. J Acad Nutr Diet 115 (2015), 1861–1870.
    • (2015) J Acad Nutr Diet , vol.115 , pp. 1861-1870
    • Dahl, W.J.1    Stewart, M.L.2
  • 40
    • 84892882894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant sterols and plant stanols in the management of dyslipidaemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease
    • [40] Gylling, H., Plat, J., Turley, S., Ginsberg, H.N., Ellegård, L., Jessup, W., et al., European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel on Phytosterols. Plant sterols and plant stanols in the management of dyslipidaemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 232 (2014), 346–360.
    • (2014) Atherosclerosis , vol.232 , pp. 346-360
    • Gylling, H.1    Plat, J.2    Turley, S.3    Ginsberg, H.N.4    Ellegård, L.5    Jessup, W.6
  • 41
    • 79955033730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role and classification of cholesterol-lowering functional foods
    • [41] Chen, Z.Y., Ma, K.Y., Liang, Y., Peng, C., Zuo, Y., Role and classification of cholesterol-lowering functional foods. J Funct Foods 3 (2011), 61–69.
    • (2011) J Funct Foods , vol.3 , pp. 61-69
    • Chen, Z.Y.1    Ma, K.Y.2    Liang, Y.3    Peng, C.4    Zuo, Y.5
  • 42
    • 5744248241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intake of dietary plant sterols is inversely related to serum cholesterol concentration in men and women in the EPIC Norfolk population: a cross-sectional study
    • [42] Andersson, S.W., Skinner, J., Ellegård, L., Welch, A.A., Bingham, S., Mulligan, A., et al. Intake of dietary plant sterols is inversely related to serum cholesterol concentration in men and women in the EPIC Norfolk population: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Clin Nutr 58 (2004), 1378–1385.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 1378-1385
    • Andersson, S.W.1    Skinner, J.2    Ellegård, L.3    Welch, A.A.4    Bingham, S.5    Mulligan, A.6
  • 43
    • 42249097927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse relation between dietary intake of naturally occurring plant sterols and serum cholesterol in northern Sweden
    • [43] Klingberg, S., Ellegård, L., Johansson, I., Hallmans, G., Weinehall, L., Andersson, H., et al. Inverse relation between dietary intake of naturally occurring plant sterols and serum cholesterol in northern Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr 87 (2008), 993–1001.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.87 , pp. 993-1001
    • Klingberg, S.1    Ellegård, L.2    Johansson, I.3    Hallmans, G.4    Weinehall, L.5    Andersson, H.6
  • 44
    • 84863277612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of natural intake of dietary plant sterols with carotid intima-media thickness and blood lipids in Chinese adults: a cross-section study
    • [44] Wang, P., Chen, Y.M., He, L.P., Chen, C.G., Zhang, B., Xue, W.Q., et al. Association of natural intake of dietary plant sterols with carotid intima-media thickness and blood lipids in Chinese adults: a cross-section study. PLoS One, 7, 2012, e32736.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. e32736
    • Wang, P.1    Chen, Y.M.2    He, L.P.3    Chen, C.G.4    Zhang, B.5    Xue, W.Q.6
  • 45
    • 60349103903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a phytosterol-enriched dairy product on lipids, sterols and 8-isoprostane in hypercholesterolemic patients: a multicenter Italian study
    • Feb
    • [45] Mannarino, E., Pirro, M., Cortese, C., Lupattelli, G., Siepi, D., Mezzetti, A., et al. Effects of a phytosterol-enriched dairy product on lipids, sterols and 8-isoprostane in hypercholesterolemic patients: a multicenter Italian study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 19 (2009 Feb), 84–90.
    • (2009) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.19 , pp. 84-90
    • Mannarino, E.1    Pirro, M.2    Cortese, C.3    Lupattelli, G.4    Siepi, D.5    Mezzetti, A.6
  • 46
    • 58749104741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant sterols/stanols as cholesterol lowering agents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • [46] Abumweis, S.S., Barake, R., Jones, P.J., Plant sterols/stanols as cholesterol lowering agents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Nutr Res, 52, 2008.
    • (2008) Food Nutr Res , vol.52
    • Abumweis, S.S.1    Barake, R.2    Jones, P.J.3
  • 47
    • 70349575977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of phytosterols/stanols on blood lipid profiles: a systematic review with meta-analysis
    • [47] Wu, T., Fu, J., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Han, J., The effects of phytosterols/stanols on blood lipid profiles: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 18 (2009), 179–186.
    • (2009) Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , vol.18 , pp. 179-186
    • Wu, T.1    Fu, J.2    Yang, Y.3    Zhang, L.4    Han, J.5
  • 48
    • 60249092628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous dose-response relationship of the LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of phytosterol intake
    • [48] Demonty, I., Ras, R.T., van der Knaap, H.C., Duchateau, G.S., Meijer, L., Zock, P.L., et al. Continuous dose-response relationship of the LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of phytosterol intake. J Nutr 139 (2009), 271–284.
    • (2009) J Nutr , vol.139 , pp. 271-284
    • Demonty, I.1    Ras, R.T.2    van der Knaap, H.C.3    Duchateau, G.S.4    Meijer, L.5    Zock, P.L.6
  • 49
    • 84884522834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption of plant sterol-enriched foods and effects on plasma plant sterol concentrations–a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
    • [49] Ras, R.T., Hiemstra, H., Lin, Y., Vermeer, M.A., Duchateau, G.S., Trautwein, E.A., Consumption of plant sterol-enriched foods and effects on plasma plant sterol concentrations–a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Atherosclerosis 230 (2013), 336–346.
    • (2013) Atherosclerosis , vol.230 , pp. 336-346
    • Ras, R.T.1    Hiemstra, H.2    Lin, Y.3    Vermeer, M.A.4    Duchateau, G.S.5    Trautwein, E.A.6
  • 50
    • 84903200069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols and stanols across different dose ranges: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies
    • [50] Ras, R.T., Geleijnse, J.M., Trautwein, E.A., LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols and stanols across different dose ranges: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies. Br J Nutr 112 (2014), 214–219.
    • (2014) Br J Nutr , vol.112 , pp. 214-219
    • Ras, R.T.1    Geleijnse, J.M.2    Trautwein, E.A.3
  • 51
    • 84902837811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary interventions (plant sterols, stanols, omega-3 fatty acids, soy protein and dietary fibers) for familial hypercholesterolaemia
    • [51] Malhotra, A., Shafiq, N., Arora, A., Singh, M., Kumar, R., Malhotra, S., Dietary interventions (plant sterols, stanols, omega-3 fatty acids, soy protein and dietary fibers) for familial hypercholesterolaemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 6, 2014, CD001918, 10.1002/14651858.CD001918.pub3.
    • (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.6 , pp. CD001918
    • Malhotra, A.1    Shafiq, N.2    Arora, A.3    Singh, M.4    Kumar, R.5    Malhotra, S.6
  • 52
    • 63649158083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of plant sterols or stanols on lipid parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis
    • [52] Baker, W.L., Baker, E.L., Coleman, C.I., The effect of plant sterols or stanols on lipid parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 84 (2009), e33–e37.
    • (2009) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.84 , pp. e33-e37
    • Baker, W.L.1    Baker, E.L.2    Coleman, C.I.3
  • 53
    • 84872676601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of plant sterols on serum triglyceride concentrations is dependent on baseline concentrations: a pooled analysis of 12 randomised controlled trials
    • [53] Demonty, I., Ras, R.T., van der Knaap, H.C., Meijer, L., Zock, P.L., Geleijnse, J.M., et al. The effect of plant sterols on serum triglyceride concentrations is dependent on baseline concentrations: a pooled analysis of 12 randomised controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 52 (2013), 153–160.
    • (2013) Eur J Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 153-160
    • Demonty, I.1    Ras, R.T.2    van der Knaap, H.C.3    Meijer, L.4    Zock, P.L.5    Geleijnse, J.M.6
  • 54
    • 1942504337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of plant stanol and sterol esters on serum phytosterols in a family with familial hypercholesterolemia including a homozygous subject
    • [54] Ketomaki, A., Gylling, H., Miettinen, T.A., Effects of plant stanol and sterol esters on serum phytosterols in a family with familial hypercholesterolemia including a homozygous subject. J Lab Clin Med 143 (2004), 255–262.
    • (2004) J Lab Clin Med , vol.143 , pp. 255-262
    • Ketomaki, A.1    Gylling, H.2    Miettinen, T.A.3
  • 55
    • 79957736833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the LDL-cholesterol lowering efficacy of plant stanols and plant sterols over a continuous dose range: results of a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials
    • [55] Musa-Veloso, K., Poon, T.H., Elliot, J.A., Chung, C., A comparison of the LDL-cholesterol lowering efficacy of plant stanols and plant sterols over a continuous dose range: results of a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 85 (2011), 9–28.
    • (2011) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.85 , pp. 9-28
    • Musa-Veloso, K.1    Poon, T.H.2    Elliot, J.A.3    Chung, C.4
  • 56
    • 0035957037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AHA Science Advisory. Stanol/sterol ester-containing foods and blood cholesterol levels. A statement for healthcare professionals from the nutrition committee of the council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism of the American Heart Association
    • [56] Lichtenstein, A.H., Deckelbaum, R.J., AHA Science Advisory. Stanol/sterol ester-containing foods and blood cholesterol levels. A statement for healthcare professionals from the nutrition committee of the council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism of the American Heart Association. Circulation 103 (2001), 1177–1179.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 1177-1179
    • Lichtenstein, A.H.1    Deckelbaum, R.J.2
  • 57
    • 84862119222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The fifth joint task force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts)
    • [57] Perk, J., De Backer, G., Gohlke, H., Graham, I., Reiner, Z., Verschuren, M., et al. European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR), ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG). European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012). The fifth joint task force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur Heart J 33 (2012), 1635–1701.
    • (2012) Eur Heart J , vol.33 , pp. 1635-1701
    • Perk, J.1    De Backer, G.2    Gohlke, H.3    Graham, I.4    Reiner, Z.5    Verschuren, M.6
  • 58
    • 85009060498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An international atherosclerosis society position paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia. Available online:.
    • [58] IAS International Atherosclerosis Society. An international atherosclerosis society position paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia. Available online: http://www.athero.org/download/IASPPGuidelines_FullReport_20131011.pdf.
  • 59
    • 84940563647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant sterols, stanols, and sitosterolemia
    • [59] Ajagbe, B.O., Othman, R.A., Myrie, S.B., Plant sterols, stanols, and sitosterolemia. J AOAC Int 98 (2015), 716–723.
    • (2015) J AOAC Int , vol.98 , pp. 716-723
    • Ajagbe, B.O.1    Othman, R.A.2    Myrie, S.B.3
  • 60
    • 67649890639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soy constituents: modes of action in low-density lipoprotein management
    • [60] van Ee, J.H., Soy constituents: modes of action in low-density lipoprotein management. Nutr Rev 67:4 (2009), 222–234.
    • (2009) Nutr Rev , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 222-234
    • van Ee, J.H.1
  • 61
    • 0031741906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytoestrogens: the biochemistry, physiology, and implications for human health of soy isoflavones
    • [61] Setchell, K.D.R., Phytoestrogens: the biochemistry, physiology, and implications for human health of soy isoflavones. Am J Clin Nutr 68 (1998), 1333S–1346S.
    • (1998) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.68 , pp. 1333S-1346S
    • Setchell, K.D.R.1
  • 62
    • 33751158078 scopus 로고
    • Isoflavone content in commercial soybean foods
    • [62] Wang, H., Murphy, P.A., Isoflavone content in commercial soybean foods. J Agric Food Chem 42 (1994), 1666–1673.
    • (1994) J Agric Food Chem , vol.42 , pp. 1666-1673
    • Wang, H.1    Murphy, P.A.2
  • 63
    • 0018852064 scopus 로고
    • Multicentre study of soybean protein diet for outpatient hyper-cholesterolaemic patients
    • [63] Descovich, G.C., Ceredi, C., Gaddi, A., Benassi, M.S., Mannino, G., Colombo, L., et al. Multicentre study of soybean protein diet for outpatient hyper-cholesterolaemic patients. Lancet 2 (1980), 709–712.
    • (1980) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 709-712
    • Descovich, G.C.1    Ceredi, C.2    Gaddi, A.3    Benassi, M.S.4    Mannino, G.5    Colombo, L.6
  • 64
    • 0030718621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sites and mechanism for the hypocholesterolemic actions of soluble dietary fiber sources
    • [64] Marlett, J.A., Sites and mechanism for the hypocholesterolemic actions of soluble dietary fiber sources. Adv Exp Med Biol 427 (1997), 109–121.
    • (1997) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.427 , pp. 109-121
    • Marlett, J.A.1
  • 65
    • 33746102594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of lipid metabolism by soy protein and its implication in diseases mediated by lipid disorders
    • [65] Torres, N., Torre-Villalvazo, I., Tovar, A.R., Regulation of lipid metabolism by soy protein and its implication in diseases mediated by lipid disorders. J Nutr Biochem 17 (2006), 365–373.
    • (2006) J Nutr Biochem , vol.17 , pp. 365-373
    • Torres, N.1    Torre-Villalvazo, I.2    Tovar, A.R.3
  • 66
    • 60749111792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and nutraceutical approaches to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis prevention: focus on dietary proteins
    • [66] Sirtori, C.R., Galli, C., Anderson, J.W., Arnoldi, A., Nutritional and nutraceutical approaches to dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis prevention: focus on dietary proteins. Atherosclerosis 203 (2009), 8–17.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.203 , pp. 8-17
    • Sirtori, C.R.1    Galli, C.2    Anderson, J.W.3    Arnoldi, A.4
  • 67
    • 0029056306 scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effects of soy-protein intake on serum lipids
    • [67] Anderson, J.W., Johnstone, B.M., Cook-Newell, M.E., Meta-analysis of the effects of soy-protein intake on serum lipids. N Engl J Med 333 (1995), 276–282.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 276-282
    • Anderson, J.W.1    Johnstone, B.M.2    Cook-Newell, M.E.3
  • 68
    • 85009133966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug Administration [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Food and Drug Administration;. Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, vol. 2, Sec. 101.82 Health Claims: Soy protein and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). 2014. [cited 2014 Oct 28]. Available from:.
    • [68] U.S. Food and Drug Administration [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2014. Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, vol. 2, Sec. 101.82 Health Claims: Soy protein and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). 2014. [cited 2014 Oct 28]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/default.htm.
    • (2014)
    • Food, U.S.1
  • 69
    • 0043025572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between soy-associated isoflavones and LDL and HDL cholesterol concentrations in humans: a meta-analysis
    • [69] Weggemans, R.M., Trautwein, E.A., Relation between soy-associated isoflavones and LDL and HDL cholesterol concentrations in humans: a meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 57 (2003), 940–946.
    • (2003) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.57 , pp. 940-946
    • Weggemans, R.M.1    Trautwein, E.A.2
  • 70
    • 4444292230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soy isoflavones intake lowers serum LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials in humans
    • [70] Zhuo, X.-G., Melby, M.K., Watanabe, S., Soy isoflavones intake lowers serum LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials in humans. J Nutr 134 (2004), 2395–2400.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 2395-2400
    • Zhuo, X.-G.1    Melby, M.K.2    Watanabe, S.3
  • 71
    • 14544279414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effects of soy-protein containing isoflavones on the lipid profile
    • [71] Zhan, S., Ho, S.C., Meta-analysis of the effects of soy-protein containing isoflavones on the lipid profile. Am J Clin Nutr 81 (2005), 397–408.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81 , pp. 397-408
    • Zhan, S.1    Ho, S.C.2
  • 72
    • 33747164818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metaanalysis of the effect of soy protein supplementation on serum lipids
    • [72] Reynolds, K., Chin, A., Lees, K.A., Kguyen, A., Bujnowski, D., He, J., A metaanalysis of the effect of soy protein supplementation on serum lipids. Am J Cardiol 98 (2006), 633–640.
    • (2006) Am J Cardiol , vol.98 , pp. 633-640
    • Reynolds, K.1    Chin, A.2    Lees, K.A.3    Kguyen, A.4    Bujnowski, D.5    He, J.6
  • 73
    • 34147144498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soy isoflavones lower serum total and LDL cholesterol in humans: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials
    • [73] Taku, K., Umegaki, K., Sato, Y., Soy isoflavones lower serum total and LDL cholesterol in humans: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 85 (2007), 1148–1156.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 1148-1156
    • Taku, K.1    Umegaki, K.2    Sato, Y.3
  • 74
    • 49949113351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review, meta-analysis and regression of randomised controlled trials reporting an association between an intake of circa 25 g soya protein per day and blood cholesterol
    • [74] Harland, J.I., Haffner, T.A., Systematic review, meta-analysis and regression of randomised controlled trials reporting an association between an intake of circa 25 g soya protein per day and blood cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 200 (2008), 13–27.
    • (2008) Atherosclerosis , vol.200 , pp. 13-27
    • Harland, J.I.1    Haffner, T.A.2
  • 75
    • 79960401023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soy protein effects on serum lipoproteins: a quality assessment and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled studies
    • [75] Anderson, J.W., Bush, H.M., Soy protein effects on serum lipoproteins: a quality assessment and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled studies. J Am Coll Nutr 30 (2011), 79–91.
    • (2011) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.30 , pp. 79-91
    • Anderson, J.W.1    Bush, H.M.2
  • 76
    • 84863344309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of soy products consumption in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • [76] Yang, B., Chen, Y., Xu, T., Yu, Y., Huang, T., Hu, X., et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of soy products consumption in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 20:4 (2011), 593–602.
    • (2011) Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 593-602
    • Yang, B.1    Chen, Y.2    Xu, T.3    Yu, Y.4    Huang, T.5    Hu, X.6
  • 77
    • 84958177346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to isolated soy protein and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006
    • [77] European Food Safety Authority, Scientific opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to isolated soy protein and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J, 10(2), 2012, 2555.
    • (2012) EFSA J , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 2555
    • European Food Safety Authority1
  • 79
    • 33645050957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soy-protein, isoflavones, and cardiovascular health: an American Heart Association advisory panel for professionals from the nutrition committee
    • [79] Sacks, F.M., Lichtenstein, A., Van Horn, L., Harris, W., Kris-Etherton, P., Winston, M., Soy-protein, isoflavones, and cardiovascular health: an American Heart Association advisory panel for professionals from the nutrition committee. Circulation 113 (2006), 1034–1044.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 1034-1044
    • Sacks, F.M.1    Lichtenstein, A.2    Van Horn, L.3    Harris, W.4    Kris-Etherton, P.5    Winston, M.6
  • 80
    • 84876159090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is category ‘A’ status assigned to soy-protein and coronary heart disease risk reduction health claim by the United States Food and Drug Administration still justifiable?
    • [80] Girgih, A.T., Myrie, S.B., Aluko, R.E., Jones, P.J.H., Is category ‘A’ status assigned to soy-protein and coronary heart disease risk reduction health claim by the United States Food and Drug Administration still justifiable?. Trends Food Sci Technol 30 (2013), 121–132.
    • (2013) Trends Food Sci Technol , vol.30 , pp. 121-132
    • Girgih, A.T.1    Myrie, S.B.2    Aluko, R.E.3    Jones, P.J.H.4
  • 81
    • 84951207762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole soy flour incorporated into a muffin and consumed at 2 doses of soy protein does not lower LDL cholesterol in a randomized, double-blind controlled trial of hypercholesterolemic adults
    • [81] Padhi, E.M., Blewett, H.J., Duncan, A.M., Guzman, R.P., Hawke, A., Seetharaman, K., et al. Whole soy flour incorporated into a muffin and consumed at 2 doses of soy protein does not lower LDL cholesterol in a randomized, double-blind controlled trial of hypercholesterolemic adults. J Nutr 145:12 (2015), 2665–2674.
    • (2015) J Nutr , vol.145 , Issue.12 , pp. 2665-2674
    • Padhi, E.M.1    Blewett, H.J.2    Duncan, A.M.3    Guzman, R.P.4    Hawke, A.5    Seetharaman, K.6
  • 82
    • 0036481621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policosanol: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic significance of a new lipid-lowering agent
    • [82] Gouni-Berthold, I., Berthold, H.K., Policosanol: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic significance of a new lipid-lowering agent. Am Heart J 143 (2002), 356–365.
    • (2002) Am Heart J , vol.143 , pp. 356-365
    • Gouni-Berthold, I.1    Berthold, H.K.2
  • 83
    • 0036734326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policosanol safely down-regulates HMG-CoA reductase—potential as a component of the Esselstyn regimen
    • [83] McCarty, M.F., Policosanol safely down-regulates HMG-CoA reductase—potential as a component of the Esselstyn regimen. Med Hypotheses 59 (2002), 268–279.
    • (2002) Med Hypotheses , vol.59 , pp. 268-279
    • McCarty, M.F.1
  • 85
    • 0034968683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of policosanol vs lovastatin on intimal thickening in rabbit cuffed carotid artery
    • [85] Noa, M., Mas, R., Mesa, R., A comparative study of policosanol vs lovastatin on intimal thickening in rabbit cuffed carotid artery. Pharmacol Res 43 (2001), 31–37.
    • (2001) Pharmacol Res , vol.43 , pp. 31-37
    • Noa, M.1    Mas, R.2    Mesa, R.3
  • 86
    • 0345505338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol with atorvastatin in elderly patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia
    • [86] Castaño, G., Mas, R., Fernández, L., Illnait, J., Mesa, M., Alvarez, E., et al. Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol with atorvastatin in elderly patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia. Drugs Aging 20 (2003), 153–163.
    • (2003) Drugs Aging , vol.20 , pp. 153-163
    • Castaño, G.1    Mas, R.2    Fernández, L.3    Illnait, J.4    Mesa, M.5    Alvarez, E.6
  • 88
    • 85009143598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thorne Research Inc Sandpoint, ID
    • [88] Head, K.A., (eds.) Policosanol monograph, vol. 9, 2004, Thorne Research Inc, Sandpoint, ID, 312–317.
    • (2004) Policosanol monograph , vol.9 , pp. 312-317
    • Head, K.A.1
  • 89
    • 22244482805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of addition of policosanol to omega-3 fatty acid therapy on the lipid profile of patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia
    • [89] Castaño, G., Fernández, L., Mas, R., Illnait, J., Gámez, R., Mendoza, S., et al. Effects of addition of policosanol to omega-3 fatty acid therapy on the lipid profile of patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia. Drugs R D 6 (2005), 207–219.
    • (2005) Drugs R D , vol.6 , pp. 207-219
    • Castaño, G.1    Fernández, L.2    Mas, R.3    Illnait, J.4    Gámez, R.5    Mendoza, S.6
  • 90
    • 33645350025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of policosanol on obese patients with type II hypercholesterolemia
    • [90] Mas, R., Castaño, G., Fernández, J., Gamez, R., Illnait, J., Fernandez, L., et al. Long-term effects of policosanol on obese patients with type II hypercholesterolemia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 13(Suppl.), 2004, S102.
    • (2004) Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , vol.13 , pp. S102
    • Mas, R.1    Castaño, G.2    Fernández, J.3    Gamez, R.4    Illnait, J.5    Fernandez, L.6
  • 91
    • 0038715438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol and lovastatin on lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in patients with dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • [91] Castaño, G., Menéndez, R., Más, R., Amor, A., Fernández, J.L., González, R.L., et al. Effects of policosanol and lovastatin on lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in patients with dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 22 (2002), 89–99.
    • (2002) Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , vol.22 , pp. 89-99
    • Castaño, G.1    Menéndez, R.2    Más, R.3    Amor, A.4    Fernández, J.L.5    González, R.L.6
  • 92
    • 0036043705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol on older patients with hypertension and type II hypercholesterolaemia
    • [92] Castano, G., Mas, R., Fernandez, J.C., Fernandez, L., Illnait, J., Lopez, E., Effects of policosanol on older patients with hypertension and type II hypercholesterolaemia. Drugs R D 3 (2002), 159–172.
    • (2002) Drugs R D , vol.3 , pp. 159-172
    • Castano, G.1    Mas, R.2    Fernandez, J.C.3    Fernandez, L.4    Illnait, J.5    Lopez, E.6
  • 93
    • 0034775530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol 20 versus 40 mg/day in the treatment of patients with type II hypercholesterolemia: a 6-month double-blind study
    • [93] Castano, G., Mas, R., Fernandez, L., Illnait, J., Gamez, R., Alvarez, E., Effects of policosanol 20 versus 40 mg/day in the treatment of patients with type II hypercholesterolemia: a 6-month double-blind study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 21 (2001), 43–57.
    • (2001) Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , vol.21 , pp. 43-57
    • Castano, G.1    Mas, R.2    Fernandez, L.3    Illnait, J.4    Gamez, R.5    Alvarez, E.6
  • 95
    • 0033813254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol treatment on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein (LDL) isolated from healthy volunteers to oxidative modification in vitro
    • [95] Menéndez, R., Más, R., Amor, A.M., González, R., Fernández, J.C., Rodeiro, I., Effects of policosanol treatment on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein (LDL) isolated from healthy volunteers to oxidative modification in vitro. Br J Clin Pharmacol 50 (2000), 255–262.
    • (2000) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 255-262
    • Menéndez, R.1    Más, R.2    Amor, A.M.3    González, R.4    Fernández, J.C.5    Rodeiro, I.6
  • 97
    • 0032970949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia and additional coronary risk factors
    • [97] Mas, R., Castano, G., Illnait, J., Fernandez, L., Fernandez, J., Aleman, C., et al. Effects of policosanol in patients with type II hypercholesterolemia and additional coronary risk factors. Clin Pharmacol Ther 65 (1999), 439–447.
    • (1999) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.65 , pp. 439-447
    • Mas, R.1    Castano, G.2    Illnait, J.3    Fernandez, L.4    Fernandez, J.5    Aleman, C.6
  • 98
    • 0033358535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol and lovastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • [98] Crespo, N., Illnait, J., Mas, R., Fernandez, L., Fernandez, J., Castano, G., Comparative study of the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol and lovastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 19 (1999), 117–127.
    • (1999) Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , vol.19 , pp. 117-127
    • Crespo, N.1    Illnait, J.2    Mas, R.3    Fernandez, L.4    Fernandez, J.5    Castano, G.6
  • 99
    • 0343526455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of policosanol and pravastatin on lipid profile, platelet aggregation and endothelemia in older hypercholesterolemic patients
    • [99] Castaño, G., Más, R., Arruzazabala, M.L., Noa, M., Illnait, J., Fernández, J.C., et al. Effects of policosanol and pravastatin on lipid profile, platelet aggregation and endothelemia in older hypercholesterolemic patients. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 19 (1999), 105–116.
    • (1999) Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , vol.19 , pp. 105-116
    • Castaño, G.1    Más, R.2    Arruzazabala, M.L.3    Noa, M.4    Illnait, J.5    Fernández, J.C.6
  • 100
    • 0345687218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of policosanols in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
    • [100] Varady, K.A., Wang, Y., Jones, P.J., Role of policosanols in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nutr Rev 61 (2003), 376–383.
    • (2003) Nutr Rev , vol.61 , pp. 376-383
    • Varady, K.A.1    Wang, Y.2    Jones, P.J.3
  • 101
    • 13544277440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of natural therapies for hyperlipidemia: plant sterols and stanols versus policosanol
    • [101] Chen, J.T., Wesley, R., Shamburek, R.D., Pucino, F., Csako, G., Meta-analysis of natural therapies for hyperlipidemia: plant sterols and stanols versus policosanol. Pharmacotherapy 25 (2005), 171–183.
    • (2005) Pharmacotherapy , vol.25 , pp. 171-183
    • Chen, J.T.1    Wesley, R.2    Shamburek, R.D.3    Pucino, F.4    Csako, G.5
  • 102
    • 33744458949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a policosanol supplement on serum lipid concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemic subjects
    • [102] Greyling, A., De Witt, C., Oosthuizen, W., Jerling, J.C., Effects of a policosanol supplement on serum lipid concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Br J Nutr 95 (2006), 968–975.
    • (2006) Br J Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 968-975
    • Greyling, A.1    De Witt, C.2    Oosthuizen, W.3    Jerling, J.C.4
  • 103
    • 33646675819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of policosanol on lipid levels among patients with hypercholesterolemia or combined hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial
    • [103] Berthold, H.K., Unverdorben, S., Degenhardt, R., Bulitta, M., Gouni-Berthold, I., Effect of policosanol on lipid levels among patients with hypercholesterolemia or combined hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 295 (2006), 2262–2269.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 2262-2269
    • Berthold, H.K.1    Unverdorben, S.2    Degenhardt, R.3    Bulitta, M.4    Gouni-Berthold, I.5
  • 104
    • 4544224336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wheat germ policosanol failed to lower plasma cholesterol in subjects with normal to mildly elevated cholesterol concentrations
    • [104] Lin, Y., Rudrum, M., van der Wielen, R.P., Trautwein, E.A., McNeill, G., Sierksma, A., et al. Wheat germ policosanol failed to lower plasma cholesterol in subjects with normal to mildly elevated cholesterol concentrations. Metabolism 53 (2004), 1309–1314.
    • (2004) Metabolism , vol.53 , pp. 1309-1314
    • Lin, Y.1    Rudrum, M.2    van der Wielen, R.P.3    Trautwein, E.A.4    McNeill, G.5    Sierksma, A.6
  • 105
    • 33845496494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policosanol is ineffective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial
    • [105] Dulin, M.F., Hatcher, L.F., Sasser, H.C., Barringer, T.A., Policosanol is ineffective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 84 (2006), 1543–1548.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.84 , pp. 1543-1548
    • Dulin, M.F.1    Hatcher, L.F.2    Sasser, H.C.3    Barringer, T.A.4
  • 106
    • 84906934440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to policosanols from sugar cane wax and maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1747, 1748, 1864, 1951, 1954, 4693) and maintenance of normal blood HDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1747, 1748, 1864, 1951, 1954, 4693) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006
    • [106] European Food Safety Authority, Scientific opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to policosanols from sugar cane wax and maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1747, 1748, 1864, 1951, 1954, 4693) and maintenance of normal blood HDL-cholesterol concentrations (ID 1747, 1748, 1864, 1951, 1954, 4693) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J, 9(6), 2011, 2255.
    • (2011) EFSA J , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 2255
    • European Food Safety Authority1
  • 107
    • 79551529759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of red yeast rice for the physician
    • [107] Gordon, R.Y., Becker, D.J., The role of red yeast rice for the physician. Curr Atheroscler Rep 13 (2011), 73–80.
    • (2011) Curr Atheroscler Rep , vol.13 , pp. 73-80
    • Gordon, R.Y.1    Becker, D.J.2
  • 108
    • 84924110181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red yeast rice for the treatment of dyslipidemia
    • Apr
    • [108] Burke, F.M., Red yeast rice for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Curr Atheroscler Rep, 17, 2015 Apr, 495.
    • (2015) Curr Atheroscler Rep , vol.17 , pp. 495
    • Burke, F.M.1
  • 109
    • 0033672984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constituents of red yeast rice, a traditional Chinese food and medicine
    • [109] Ma, J., Li, Y., Ye, Q., Li, J., Hua, Y., Ju, D., et al. Constituents of red yeast rice, a traditional Chinese food and medicine. J Agric Food Chem 48 (2000), 5220–5522.
    • (2000) J Agric Food Chem , vol.48 , pp. 5220-5522
    • Ma, J.1    Li, Y.2    Ye, Q.3    Li, J.4    Hua, Y.5    Ju, D.6
  • 110
    • 84906933528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutraceuticals for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia
    • [110] Mannarino, M.R., Ministrini, S., Pirro, M., Nutraceuticals for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Eur J Intern Med 25 (2014), 592–599.
    • (2014) Eur J Intern Med , vol.25 , pp. 592-599
    • Mannarino, M.R.1    Ministrini, S.2    Pirro, M.3
  • 111
    • 0032898925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese red-yeast-rice dietary supplement
    • [111] Heber, D., Yip, I., Ashley, J.M., Elashoff, D.A., Elashoff, R.M., Go, V.L., Cholesterol-lowering effects of a proprietary Chinese red-yeast-rice dietary supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999), 231–236.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 231-236
    • Heber, D.1    Yip, I.2    Ashley, J.M.3    Elashoff, D.A.4    Elashoff, R.M.5    Go, V.L.6
  • 112
    • 34250741897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinese red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) for primary hyperlipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • [112] Liu, J., Zhang, J., Shi, Y., Grimsgaard, S., Alraek, T., Fønnebø, V., Chinese red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) for primary hyperlipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chin Med, 1, 2006, 4.
    • (2006) Chin Med , vol.1 , pp. 4
    • Liu, J.1    Zhang, J.2    Shi, Y.3    Grimsgaard, S.4    Alraek, T.5    Fønnebø, V.6
  • 113
    • 84902504375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of red yeast rice: an effective and relatively safe alternative approach for dyslipidemia
    • [113] Li, Y., Jiang, L., Jia, Z., Xin, W., Yang, S., Yang, Q., et al. A meta-analysis of red yeast rice: an effective and relatively safe alternative approach for dyslipidemia. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e98611.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e98611
    • Li, Y.1    Jiang, L.2    Jia, Z.3    Xin, W.4    Yang, S.5    Yang, Q.6
  • 114
    • 84927772829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traditional Chinese lipid-lowering agent red yeast rice results in significant LDL reduction but safety is uncertain - a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • [114] Gerards, M.C., Terlou, R.J., Yu, H., Koks, C.H., Gerdes, V.E., Traditional Chinese lipid-lowering agent red yeast rice results in significant LDL reduction but safety is uncertain - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 240 (2015), 415–423.
    • (2015) Atherosclerosis , vol.240 , pp. 415-423
    • Gerards, M.C.1    Terlou, R.J.2    Yu, H.3    Koks, C.H.4    Gerdes, V.E.5
  • 115
    • 84991092711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of red yeast rice dietary supplement on blood pressure, lipid profile and C-reactive protein in hypertension: a systematic review
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • [115] Xiong, X., Wang, P., Li, X., Zhang, Y., Li, S., The effects of red yeast rice dietary supplement on blood pressure, lipid profile and C-reactive protein in hypertension: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2015 [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2015) Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
    • Xiong, X.1    Wang, P.2    Li, X.3    Zhang, Y.4    Li, S.5
  • 116
    • 73149101073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerability of red yeast rice (2,400 mg twice daily) versus pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) in patients with previous statin intolerance
    • [116] Halbert, S.C., French, B., Gordon, R.Y., Farrar, J.T., Schmitz, K., Morris, P.B., et al. Tolerability of red yeast rice (2,400 mg twice daily) versus pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) in patients with previous statin intolerance. Am J Cardiol 105 (2010), 198–204.
    • (2010) Am J Cardiol , vol.105 , pp. 198-204
    • Halbert, S.C.1    French, B.2    Gordon, R.Y.3    Farrar, J.T.4    Schmitz, K.5    Morris, P.B.6
  • 117
    • 67249153214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red yeast rice for dyslipidemia in statin-intolerant patients: a randomized trial
    • [117] Becker, D.J., Gordon, R.Y., Halbert, S.C., French, B., Morris, P.B., Rader, D.J., Red yeast rice for dyslipidemia in statin-intolerant patients: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 150 (2009), 830–839.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 830-839
    • Becker, D.J.1    Gordon, R.Y.2    Halbert, S.C.3    French, B.4    Morris, P.B.5    Rader, D.J.6
  • 118
    • 44749084870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Xuezhikang, an extract from red yeast Chinese rice, on coronary events in a Chinese population with previous myocardial infarction
    • [118] Lu, Z., Kou, W., Du, B., Wu, Y., Zhao, S., Brusco, O.A., et al., Chinese Coronary Secondary Prevention Study Group. Effect of Xuezhikang, an extract from red yeast Chinese rice, on coronary events in a Chinese population with previous myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 101 (2008), 1689–1693.
    • (2008) Am J Cardiol , vol.101 , pp. 1689-1693
    • Lu, Z.1    Kou, W.2    Du, B.3    Wu, Y.4    Zhao, S.5    Brusco, O.A.6
  • 119
    • 4344711289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, protects endothelial function through antiinflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms in patients with coronary heart disease
    • [119] Zhao, S.P., Liu, L., Cheng, Y.C., Shishehbor, M.H., Liu, M.H., Peng, D.Q., et al. Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, protects endothelial function through antiinflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation 110 (2004), 915–920.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 915-920
    • Zhao, S.P.1    Liu, L.2    Cheng, Y.C.3    Shishehbor, M.H.4    Liu, M.H.5    Peng, D.Q.6
  • 120
    • 78049264831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked variability of monacolin levels in commercial red yeast rice products
    • [120] Gordon, R.Y., Cooperman, T., Obermeyer, W., Becker, D.J., Marked variability of monacolin levels in commercial red yeast rice products. Arch Intern Med 170 (2010), 1722–1727.
    • (2010) Arch Intern Med , vol.170 , pp. 1722-1727
    • Gordon, R.Y.1    Cooperman, T.2    Obermeyer, W.3    Becker, D.J.4
  • 121
    • 0035053811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of nine proprietary Chinese red yeast rice dietary supplements: implications of variability in chemical profile and contents
    • [121] Heber, D., Lembertas, A., Lu, Q.Y., Bowerman, S., Go, V.L., An analysis of nine proprietary Chinese red yeast rice dietary supplements: implications of variability in chemical profile and contents. J Altern Complement Med 7 (2001), 133–139.
    • (2001) J Altern Complement Med , vol.7 , pp. 133-139
    • Heber, D.1    Lembertas, A.2    Lu, Q.Y.3    Bowerman, S.4    Go, V.L.5
  • 122
    • 50149108987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberina
    • [122] Imanshahidi, M., Hosseinzadeh, H., Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberina. Phytother Res 22 (2008), 999–1012.
    • (2008) Phytother Res , vol.22 , pp. 999-1012
    • Imanshahidi, M.1    Hosseinzadeh, H.2
  • 123
    • 84946073493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berberine, a plant alkaloid with lipid- and glucose-lowering properties: from in vitro evidence to clinical studies
    • [123] Pirillo, A., Catapano, A.L., Berberine, a plant alkaloid with lipid- and glucose-lowering properties: from in vitro evidence to clinical studies. Atherosclerosis 243 (2015), 449–461.
    • (2015) Atherosclerosis , vol.243 , pp. 449-461
    • Pirillo, A.1    Catapano, A.L.2
  • 125
    • 19944374769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins
    • [125] Kong, W., Wei, J., Abidi, P., Lin, M., Inaba, S., Li, C., et al. Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins. Nat Med 10 (2004), 1344–1351.
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , pp. 1344-1351
    • Kong, W.1    Wei, J.2    Abidi, P.3    Lin, M.4    Inaba, S.5    Li, C.6
  • 127
    • 33744804815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of lipid synthesis through activation of AMP kinase: an additional mechanism for the hypolipidemic effects of berberine
    • [127] Brusq, J.M., Ancellin, N., Grondin, P., Guillard, R., Martin, S., Saintillan, Y., et al. Inhibition of lipid synthesis through activation of AMP kinase: an additional mechanism for the hypolipidemic effects of berberine. J Lipid Res 47 (2006), 1281–2188.
    • (2006) J Lipid Res , vol.47 , pp. 1281-2188
    • Brusq, J.M.1    Ancellin, N.2    Grondin, P.3    Guillard, R.4    Martin, S.5    Saintillan, Y.6
  • 128
    • 84868692016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis
    • [128] Dong, H., Wang, N., Zhao, L., Lu, F., Berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012, 2012, 591654.
    • (2012) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2012 , pp. 591654
    • Dong, H.1    Wang, N.2    Zhao, L.3    Lu, F.4
  • 129
    • 84876679315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of berberine on blood lipids: a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • [129] Dong, H., Zhao, Y., Zhao, L., Lu, F., The effects of berberine on blood lipids: a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Planta Med 79 (2013), 437–446.
    • (2013) Planta Med , vol.79 , pp. 437-446
    • Dong, H.1    Zhao, Y.2    Zhao, L.3    Lu, F.4
  • 130
    • 84919665946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension
    • [130] Lan, J., Zhao, Y., Dong, F., Yan, Z., Zheng, W., Fan, J., et al. Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension. J Ethnopharmacol 161 (2015), 69–81.
    • (2015) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.161 , pp. 69-81
    • Lan, J.1    Zhao, Y.2    Dong, F.3    Yan, Z.4    Zheng, W.5    Fan, J.6
  • 131
    • 47149089693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of simvastatin with berberine improves the lipid-lowering efficacy
    • [131] Kong, W.J., Wei, J., Zuo, Z.Y., Wang, Y.M., Song, D.Q., You, X.F., et al. Combination of simvastatin with berberine improves the lipid-lowering efficacy. Metabolism 57 (2008), 1029–1037.
    • (2008) Metabolism , vol.57 , pp. 1029-1037
    • Kong, W.J.1    Wei, J.2    Zuo, Z.Y.3    Wang, Y.M.4    Song, D.Q.5    You, X.F.6
  • 132
    • 80255123371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated administration of berberine inhibits cytochromes P450 mRNA expression and activities in mice
    • [132] Guo, Y., Chen, Y., Tan, Z.R., Klaassen, C.D., Zhou, H.H., Repeated administration of berberine inhibits cytochromes P450 mRNA expression and activities in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 138 (2011), 111–118.
    • (2011) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.138 , pp. 111-118
    • Guo, Y.1    Chen, Y.2    Tan, Z.R.3    Klaassen, C.D.4    Zhou, H.H.5
  • 133
    • 84901311512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effect of plant sterols and dietary fiber for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia
    • [133] Castellanos-Jankiewicz, A., Del Bosque-Plata, L., Tejero, M.E., Combined effect of plant sterols and dietary fiber for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 69 (2014), 93–100.
    • (2014) Plant Foods Hum Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 93-100
    • Castellanos-Jankiewicz, A.1    Del Bosque-Plata, L.2    Tejero, M.E.3
  • 134
    • 1842423316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterol esters differ in milk, yoghurt, bread and cereal
    • [134] Clifton, P.M., Noakes, M., Sullivan, D., Erichsen, N., Ross, D., Annison, G., et al. Cholesterol-lowering effects of plant sterol esters differ in milk, yoghurt, bread and cereal. Eur J Clin Nutr 58 (2004), 503–509.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 503-509
    • Clifton, P.M.1    Noakes, M.2    Sullivan, D.3    Erichsen, N.4    Ross, D.5    Annison, G.6
  • 135
    • 33947142968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous intake of beta-glucan and plant stanol esters affects lipid metabolism in slightly hypercholesterolemic subjects
    • [135] Theuwissen, E., Mensink, R.P., Simultaneous intake of beta-glucan and plant stanol esters affects lipid metabolism in slightly hypercholesterolemic subjects. J Nutr 137 (2007), 583–588.
    • (2007) J Nutr , vol.137 , pp. 583-588
    • Theuwissen, E.1    Mensink, R.P.2
  • 136
    • 84879784491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytosterols, red yeast rice, and lifestyle changes instead of statins: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
    • [136] Becker, D.J., French, B., Morris, P.B., Silvent, E., Gordon, R.Y., Phytosterols, red yeast rice, and lifestyle changes instead of statins: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Am Heart J 166 (2013), 187–196.
    • (2013) Am Heart J , vol.166 , pp. 187-196
    • Becker, D.J.1    French, B.2    Morris, P.B.3    Silvent, E.4    Gordon, R.Y.5
  • 137
    • 33846799217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eulipidemic effects of berberine administered alone or in combination with other natural cholesterol-lowering agents. A single-blind clinical investigation
    • [137] Cicero, A.F., Rovati, L.C., Setnikar, I., Eulipidemic effects of berberine administered alone or in combination with other natural cholesterol-lowering agents. A single-blind clinical investigation. Arzneimittelforschung 57 (2007), 26–30.
    • (2007) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.57 , pp. 26-30
    • Cicero, A.F.1    Rovati, L.C.2    Setnikar, I.3
  • 138
    • 78049406766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a nutraceutical combination (berberine, red yeast rice and policosanols) on lipid levels and endothelial function randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • [138] Affuso, F., Ruvolo, A., Micillo, F., Saccà, L., Fazio, S., Effects of a nutraceutical combination (berberine, red yeast rice and policosanols) on lipid levels and endothelial function randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 20 (2010), 656–661.
    • (2010) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.20 , pp. 656-661
    • Affuso, F.1    Ruvolo, A.2    Micillo, F.3    Saccà, L.4    Fazio, S.5
  • 139
    • 84877115304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutraceutical combination (red yeast rice, berberine and policosanols) improves aortic stiffness in low-moderate risk hypercholesterolemic patients
    • [139] Pirro, M., Lupattelli, G., Del Giorno, R., Schillaci, G., Berisha, S., Mannarino, M.R., et al. Nutraceutical combination (red yeast rice, berberine and policosanols) improves aortic stiffness in low-moderate risk hypercholesterolemic patients. Pharma Nutr 1 (2013), 73–77.
    • (2013) Pharma Nutr , vol.1 , pp. 73-77
    • Pirro, M.1    Lupattelli, G.2    Del Giorno, R.3    Schillaci, G.4    Berisha, S.5    Mannarino, M.R.6
  • 140
    • 84893982496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutraceutical approach to moderate cardiometabolic risk: results of a randomized, double-blind and crossover study with armolipid plus
    • [140] Ruscica, M., Gomaraschi, M., Mombelli, G., Macchi, C., Bosisio, R., Pazzucconi, F., et al. Nutraceutical approach to moderate cardiometabolic risk: results of a randomized, double-blind and crossover study with armolipid plus. J Clin Lipidol 8 (2014), 61–68.
    • (2014) J Clin Lipidol , vol.8 , pp. 61-68
    • Ruscica, M.1    Gomaraschi, M.2    Mombelli, G.3    Macchi, C.4    Bosisio, R.5    Pazzucconi, F.6
  • 141
    • 84905402529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of poly-bioactive compounds on lipid profile and body weight in a moderately hypercholesterolemic population with low cardiovascular disease risk: a multicenter randomized trial
    • [141] Solà, R., Valls, R.M., Puzo, J., Calabuig, J.R., Brea, A., Pedret, A., et al. Effects of poly-bioactive compounds on lipid profile and body weight in a moderately hypercholesterolemic population with low cardiovascular disease risk: a multicenter randomized trial. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e101978.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e101978
    • Solà, R.1    Valls, R.M.2    Puzo, J.3    Calabuig, J.R.4    Brea, A.5    Pedret, A.6
  • 142
    • 84919910593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of a nutraceutical combination (red yeast rice, policosanols, and berberine) in patients with low-moderate risk hypercholesterolemia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • [142] Gonnelli, S., Caffarelli, C., Stolakis, K., Cuda, C., Giordano, N., Nuti, R., Efficacy and tolerability of a nutraceutical combination (red yeast rice, policosanols, and berberine) in patients with low-moderate risk hypercholesterolemia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 77 (2014), 1–6.
    • (2014) Curr Ther Res Clin Exp , vol.77 , pp. 1-6
    • Gonnelli, S.1    Caffarelli, C.2    Stolakis, K.3    Cuda, C.4    Giordano, N.5    Nuti, R.6
  • 143
    • 84866495078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutraceutical pill containing berberine versus ezetimibe on plasma lipid pattern in hypercholesterolemic subjects and its additive effect in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia on stable cholesterol-lowering treatment
    • [143] Pisciotta, L., Bellocchio, A., Bertolini, S., Nutraceutical pill containing berberine versus ezetimibe on plasma lipid pattern in hypercholesterolemic subjects and its additive effect in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia on stable cholesterol-lowering treatment. Lipids Health Dis, 11, 2012, 123.
    • (2012) Lipids Health Dis , vol.11 , pp. 123
    • Pisciotta, L.1    Bellocchio, A.2    Bertolini, S.3
  • 144
    • 84951842352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of nutraceuticals (armolipid plus) versus ezetimibe and combination in statin-intolerant patients with dyslipidemia with coronary heart disease
    • [144] Marazzi, G., Pelliccia, F., Campolongo, G., Quattrino, S., Cacciotti, L., Volterrani, M., et al. Usefulness of nutraceuticals (armolipid plus) versus ezetimibe and combination in statin-intolerant patients with dyslipidemia with coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 116 (2015), 1798–1801.
    • (2015) Am J Cardiol , vol.116 , pp. 1798-1801
    • Marazzi, G.1    Pelliccia, F.2    Campolongo, G.3    Quattrino, S.4    Cacciotti, L.5    Volterrani, M.6
  • 145
    • 79955972069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of hypercholesterolemic children: efficacy and safety of a combination of red yeast rice extract and policosanols
    • [145] Guardamagna, O., Abello, F., Baracco, V., Stasiowska, B., Martino, F., The treatment of hypercholesterolemic children: efficacy and safety of a combination of red yeast rice extract and policosanols. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 21 (2011), 424–429.
    • (2011) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.21 , pp. 424-429
    • Guardamagna, O.1    Abello, F.2    Baracco, V.3    Stasiowska, B.4    Martino, F.5
  • 146
    • 84969869877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a nutraceutical combination on plasma lipids and glucose: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • May 6
    • [146] Pirro, M., Mannarino, M.R., Bianconi, V., Simental-Mendía, L.E., Bagaglia, F., Mannarino, E., et al. The effects of a nutraceutical combination on plasma lipids and glucose: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 110 (2016 May 6), 76–88.
    • (2016) Pharmacol Res , vol.110 , pp. 76-88
    • Pirro, M.1    Mannarino, M.R.2    Bianconi, V.3    Simental-Mendía, L.E.4    Bagaglia, F.5    Mannarino, E.6
  • 147
    • 84962320115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a nutraceutical combination on lipids, inflammation and endothelial integrity in patients with subclinical inflammation: a randomized clinical trial
    • Mar 23
    • [147] Pirro, M., Mannarino, M.R., Ministrini, S., Fallarino, F., Lupattelli, G., Bianconi, V., et al. Effects of a nutraceutical combination on lipids, inflammation and endothelial integrity in patients with subclinical inflammation: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep, 6, 2016 Mar 23, 23587.
    • (2016) Sci Rep , vol.6 , pp. 23587
    • Pirro, M.1    Mannarino, M.R.2    Ministrini, S.3    Fallarino, F.4    Lupattelli, G.5    Bianconi, V.6
  • 148
    • 34249725059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advertising campaigns of sterol-enriched food. An often neglected cause of reduced compliance to lipid lowering drug therapy
    • [148] Alevizos, A., Mihas, C., Mariolis, A., Advertising campaigns of sterol-enriched food. An often neglected cause of reduced compliance to lipid lowering drug therapy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 21 (2007), 133–134.
    • (2007) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.21 , pp. 133-134
    • Alevizos, A.1    Mihas, C.2    Mariolis, A.3
  • 150
    • 68949089361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A report from the data collection and exposure unit in response to a request from the European Commission
    • [150] European Food Safety Authority, A report from the data collection and exposure unit in response to a request from the European Commission. EFSA J 133 (2008), 1–21.
    • (2008) EFSA J , vol.133 , pp. 1-21
    • European Food Safety Authority1
  • 151
    • 84871044588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low income is associated with poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet and a higher prevalence of obesity: cross-sectional results from the Moli-sani study
    • [151] Bonaccio, M., Bonanni, A.E., Di Castelnuovo, A., De Lucia, F., Donati, M.B., de Gaetano, G., et al., Moli-sani Project Investigators. Low income is associated with poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet and a higher prevalence of obesity: cross-sectional results from the Moli-sani study. BMJ Open, 2(6), 2012.
    • (2012) BMJ Open , vol.2 , Issue.6
    • Bonaccio, M.1    Bonanni, A.E.2    Di Castelnuovo, A.3    De Lucia, F.4    Donati, M.B.5    de Gaetano, G.6
  • 152
    • 77957239497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-economic status, place of residence and dietary habits among the elderly: the Mediterranean islands study
    • [152] Katsarou, A., Tyrovolas, S., Psaltopoulou, T., Zeimbekis, A., Tsakountakis, N., Bountziouka, V., et al. Socio-economic status, place of residence and dietary habits among the elderly: the Mediterranean islands study. Public Health Nutr 13 (2010), 1614–1621.
    • (2010) Public Health Nutr , vol.13 , pp. 1614-1621
    • Katsarou, A.1    Tyrovolas, S.2    Psaltopoulou, T.3    Zeimbekis, A.4    Tsakountakis, N.5    Bountziouka, V.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.