메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 65, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 284-320

On the modularity of implicit sequence learning: Independent acquisition of spatial, symbolic, and manual sequences

Author keywords

Implicit learning; Procedural memory; Sequence learning; Serial reaction time task

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION; DEPTH PERCEPTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; PATTERN RECOGNITION; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REACTION TIME; VISION;

EID: 84861211321     PISSN: 00100285     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.04.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 42149113097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both the hippocampus and striatum are involved in consolidation of motor sequence memory
    • Albouy G., Sterpenich V., Balteau E., Vandewalle G., Desseilles M., Dang-Vu T., et al. Both the hippocampus and striatum are involved in consolidation of motor sequence memory. Neuron 2008, 58(2):261-272.
    • (2008) Neuron , vol.58 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-272
    • Albouy, G.1    Sterpenich, V.2    Balteau, E.3    Vandewalle, G.4    Desseilles, M.5    Dang-Vu, T.6
  • 3
    • 59249087635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of effector-specific and effector-independent components of sequencing skill
    • Berner M.P., Hoffmann J. Acquisition of effector-specific and effector-independent components of sequencing skill. Journal of Motor Behavior 2009, 41(1):30-44.
    • (2009) Journal of Motor Behavior , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-44
    • Berner, M.P.1    Hoffmann, J.2
  • 7
    • 0035951677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit motor-sequence learning in humans following unilateral stroke: The impact of practice and explicit knowledge
    • Boyd L.A., Winstein C.J. Implicit motor-sequence learning in humans following unilateral stroke: The impact of practice and explicit knowledge. Neuroscience Letters 2001, 298(1):65-69.
    • (2001) Neuroscience Letters , vol.298 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-69
    • Boyd, L.A.1    Winstein, C.J.2
  • 10
    • 52749091867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational models of implicit learning
    • Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, R. Sun (Ed.)
    • Cleeremans A., Dienes Z. Computational models of implicit learning. The Cambridge handbook of computational psychology 2008, 396-421. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. R. Sun (Ed.).
    • (2008) The Cambridge handbook of computational psychology , pp. 396-421
    • Cleeremans, A.1    Dienes, Z.2
  • 14
    • 81455134483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Broca's area in implicit motor skill learning: Evidence from continuous theta-burst magnetic stimulation
    • Clerget E., Poncin W., Fadiga L., Olivier E. Role of Broca's area in implicit motor skill learning: Evidence from continuous theta-burst magnetic stimulation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2011, 24(1):80-92.
    • (2011) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-92
    • Clerget, E.1    Poncin, W.2    Fadiga, L.3    Olivier, E.4
  • 17
    • 0031090693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual dimensional constraints in response selection processes
    • Cohen A., Shoup R. Perceptual dimensional constraints in response selection processes. Cognitive Psychology 1997, 32(2):128-181.
    • (1997) Cognitive Psychology , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 128-181
    • Cohen, A.1    Shoup, R.2
  • 19
    • 0030742376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher-order associative learning in amnesia: Evidence from the serial reaction time task
    • Curran T. Higher-order associative learning in amnesia: Evidence from the serial reaction time task. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1997, 9(4):522-533.
    • (1997) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 522-533
    • Curran, T.1
  • 21
    • 33749644775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit sequence learning without motor sequencing in young and old adults
    • Dennis N.A., Howard J.H., Howard D.V. Implicit sequence learning without motor sequencing in young and old adults. Experimental Brain Research 2006, 175(1):153-164.
    • (2006) Experimental Brain Research , vol.175 , Issue.1 , pp. 153-164
    • Dennis, N.A.1    Howard, J.H.2    Howard, D.V.3
  • 22
    • 33646725520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual or motor learning in SRT tasks with complex sequence structures
    • Deroost N., Soetens E. Perceptual or motor learning in SRT tasks with complex sequence structures. Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung 2006, 70(2):88-102.
    • (2006) Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung , vol.70 , Issue.2 , pp. 88-102
    • Deroost, N.1    Soetens, E.2
  • 23
    • 0035381075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure
    • Destrebecqz A., Cleeremans A. Can sequence learning be implicit? New evidence with the process dissociation procedure. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2001, 8(2):343-350.
    • (2001) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 343-350
    • Destrebecqz, A.1    Cleeremans, A.2
  • 24
    • 0041561007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological basis of language and sequential cognition: Evidence from simulation, aphasia, and ERP studies
    • Dominey P.F., Hoen M., Blanc J.M., Lelekov-Boissard T. Neurological basis of language and sequential cognition: Evidence from simulation, aphasia, and ERP studies. Brain and Language 2003, 86:207-225.
    • (2003) Brain and Language , vol.86 , pp. 207-225
    • Dominey, P.F.1    Hoen, M.2    Blanc, J.M.3    Lelekov-Boissard, T.4
  • 26
    • 26444565569 scopus 로고
    • Finding structure in time
    • Elman J.L. Finding structure in time. Cognitive Science 1990, 14:179-211.
    • (1990) Cognitive Science , vol.14 , pp. 179-211
    • Elman, J.L.1
  • 27
    • 21344480276 scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning of unique and ambiguous serial transitions in the presence and absence of a distractor task
    • Frensch P.A., Buchner A., Lin J. Implicit learning of unique and ambiguous serial transitions in the presence and absence of a distractor task. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition 1994, 20(3):567-584.
    • (1994) Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 567-584
    • Frensch, P.A.1    Buchner, A.2    Lin, J.3
  • 28
    • 0003147479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning versus behavioral expression of the learned: The effects of a secondary tone-counting task on implicit learning in the serial reaction task
    • Frensch P.A., Lin J., Buchner A. Learning versus behavioral expression of the learned: The effects of a secondary tone-counting task on implicit learning in the serial reaction task. Psychological Research 1998, 61(2):83-98.
    • (1998) Psychological Research , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-98
    • Frensch, P.A.1    Lin, J.2    Buchner, A.3
  • 29
    • 84937299987 scopus 로고
    • Zur Rolle des Arbeitsgedachtnisses beim impliziten Sequenzlernen [The role of working memory in implicit sequence learning]
    • Frensch P.A., Miner C.S. Zur Rolle des Arbeitsgedachtnisses beim impliziten Sequenzlernen [The role of working memory in implicit sequence learning]. Zeitschrift fur Experimentelle Psychologie 1995, 42(4):545-575.
    • (1995) Zeitschrift fur Experimentelle Psychologie , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 545-575
    • Frensch, P.A.1    Miner, C.S.2
  • 31
    • 68349160833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disentangling perceptual from motor implicit sequence learning with a serial color-matching task
    • Gheysen F., Gevers W., De Schutter E., Van Waelvelde H., Fias W. Disentangling perceptual from motor implicit sequence learning with a serial color-matching task. Experimental Brain Research 2009, 197:163-174.
    • (2009) Experimental Brain Research , vol.197 , pp. 163-174
    • Gheysen, F.1    Gevers, W.2    De Schutter, E.3    Van Waelvelde, H.4    Fias, W.5
  • 33
    • 0002964637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning and unconscious knowledge: Mental representation, computational mechanisms, and brain structures
    • The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, K. Lamberts, D.R. Shanks (Eds.)
    • Goschke T. Implicit learning and unconscious knowledge: Mental representation, computational mechanisms, and brain structures. Knowledge, concepts and categories 1997, 247-333. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. K. Lamberts, D.R. Shanks (Eds.).
    • (1997) Knowledge, concepts and categories , pp. 247-333
    • Goschke, T.1
  • 34
    • 0001771599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning of perceptual and motor sequences: Evidence for independent learning systems
    • Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.)
    • Goschke T. Implicit learning of perceptual and motor sequences: Evidence for independent learning systems. Handbook of implicit learning 1998, 401-444. Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA. M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.).
    • (1998) Handbook of implicit learning , pp. 401-444
    • Goschke, T.1
  • 35
    • 33947517377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning of semantic category sequences: Response-independent acquisition of abstract sequential regularities
    • Goschke T., Bolte A. Implicit learning of semantic category sequences: Response-independent acquisition of abstract sequential regularities. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2007, 33(2):394-406.
    • (2007) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 394-406
    • Goschke, T.1    Bolte, A.2
  • 36
    • 0035311769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procedural learning in Broca's aphasia: Dissociation between the implicit acquisition of spatio-motor and phoneme sequences
    • Goschke T., Friederici A.D., Kotz S.A., van Kampen A. Procedural learning in Broca's aphasia: Dissociation between the implicit acquisition of spatio-motor and phoneme sequences. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2001, 13(3):370-388.
    • (2001) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 370-388
    • Goschke, T.1    Friederici, A.D.2    Kotz, S.A.3    van Kampen, A.4
  • 38
    • 0032533324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abstract and effector-specific representations of motor sequences identified with PET
    • Grafton S.T., Hazeltine E., Ivry R.B. Abstract and effector-specific representations of motor sequences identified with PET. Journal of Neuroscience 1998, 18(22):9420-9428.
    • (1998) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.18 , Issue.22 , pp. 9420-9428
    • Grafton, S.T.1    Hazeltine, E.2    Ivry, R.B.3
  • 40
    • 77953807450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness
    • Henke K. A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2010, 11(7):523-532.
    • (2010) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 523-532
    • Henke, K.1
  • 44
    • 0035495020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The theory of event coding (TEC): A framework for perception and action planning
    • Hommel B., Musseler J., Aschersleben G., Prinz W. The theory of event coding (TEC): A framework for perception and action planning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2001, 24(5):849-937.
    • (2001) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 849-937
    • Hommel, B.1    Musseler, J.2    Aschersleben, G.3    Prinz, W.4
  • 46
    • 58149204982 scopus 로고
    • Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory: Measuring recollection
    • Jacoby L.L., Toth J.P., Yonelinas A.P. Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory: Measuring recollection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1993, 122(2):139-154.
    • (1993) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.122 , Issue.2 , pp. 139-154
    • Jacoby, L.L.1    Toth, J.P.2    Yonelinas, A.P.3
  • 47
    • 2942679062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intention, attention, and consciousness in probabilistic sequence learning
    • John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam Netherlands, L. Jiménez (Ed.)
    • Jiménez L. Intention, attention, and consciousness in probabilistic sequence learning. Attention and implicit learning 2003, 43-68. John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam Netherlands. L. Jiménez (Ed.).
    • (2003) Attention and implicit learning , pp. 43-68
    • Jiménez, L.1
  • 51
    • 21644438847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence learning under dual-task conditions: Alternatives to a resource-based account
    • Jiménez L., Vázquez G.A. Sequence learning under dual-task conditions: Alternatives to a resource-based account. Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung 2005, 69(5):352-368.
    • (2005) Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 352-368
    • Jiménez, L.1    Vázquez, G.A.2
  • 52
    • 0038618950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive and neural architecture of sequence representation
    • Keele S.W., Ivry R., Mayr U., Hazeltine E., Heuer H. The cognitive and neural architecture of sequence representation. Psychological Review 2003, 110(2):316-339.
    • (2003) Psychological Review , vol.110 , Issue.2 , pp. 316-339
    • Keele, S.W.1    Ivry, R.2    Mayr, U.3    Hazeltine, E.4    Heuer, H.5
  • 54
    • 0242391110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence learning by action and observation: Evidence for separate mechanisms
    • Kelly S.W., Burton A.M., Riedel B., Lynch E. Sequence learning by action and observation: Evidence for separate mechanisms. British Journal of Psychology 2003, 94(3):355-372.
    • (2003) British Journal of Psychology , vol.94 , Issue.3 , pp. 355-372
    • Kelly, S.W.1    Burton, A.M.2    Riedel, B.3    Lynch, E.4
  • 56
    • 0001990073 scopus 로고
    • The problem of serial order in behavior
    • Wiley, New York, L.A. Jeffress (Ed.)
    • Lashley K.S. The problem of serial order in behavior. Cerebral mechanisms in behavior: The Hixon symposium 1951, 112-136. Wiley, New York. L.A. Jeffress (Ed.).
    • (1951) Cerebral mechanisms in behavior: The Hixon symposium , pp. 112-136
    • Lashley, K.S.1
  • 58
    • 34250752876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modularity beyond perception: Evidence from single task interference paradigms
    • Magen H., Cohen A. Modularity beyond perception: Evidence from single task interference paradigms. Cognitive Psychology 2007, 55(1):1-36.
    • (2007) Cognitive Psychology , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-36
    • Magen, H.1    Cohen, A.2
  • 59
    • 80053131125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience-dependent structural plasticity in the adult human brain
    • May A. Experience-dependent structural plasticity in the adult human brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2011, 15(10):475-482.
    • (2011) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.15 , Issue.10 , pp. 475-482
    • May, A.1
  • 60
    • 0030093919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial attention and implicit sequence learning: Evidence for independent learning of spatial and nonspatial sequences
    • Mayr U. Spatial attention and implicit sequence learning: Evidence for independent learning of spatial and nonspatial sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1996, 22(2):350-364.
    • (1996) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 350-364
    • Mayr, U.1
  • 61
    • 0031880414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementary learning systems in the brain: A connectionist approach to explicit and implicit cognition and memory
    • McClelland J.L. Complementary learning systems in the brain: A connectionist approach to explicit and implicit cognition and memory. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 1998, 843:153-169.
    • (1998) Annals of the New York Academy of Science , vol.843 , pp. 153-169
    • McClelland, J.L.1
  • 63
    • 74149089615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are correlated streams of information necessary for implicit sequence learning?
    • Meier B., Cock J. Are correlated streams of information necessary for implicit sequence learning?. Acta Psychologica 2010, 133(1):17-27.
    • (2010) Acta Psychologica , vol.133 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-27
    • Meier, B.1    Cock, J.2
  • 65
    • 84863777339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a secondary task on implicit learning of higher order regularities: Implications for aging
    • 54-54
    • Negash S., Breuninger M., Howard J., Howard D. Effects of a secondary task on implicit learning of higher order regularities: Implications for aging. Gerontologist 2003, 43. 54-54.
    • (2003) Gerontologist , vol.43
    • Negash, S.1    Breuninger, M.2    Howard, J.3    Howard, D.4
  • 66
    • 0003109533 scopus 로고
    • Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures
    • Nissen M.J., Bullemer P. Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology 1987, 19(1):1-32.
    • (1987) Cognitive Psychology , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-32
    • Nissen, M.J.1    Bullemer, P.2
  • 67
    • 0024549206 scopus 로고
    • Explicit and implicit remembering - When is learning preserved in amnesia
    • Nissen M.J., Willingham D., Hartman M. Explicit and implicit remembering - When is learning preserved in amnesia. Neuropsychologia 1989, 27(3):341-352.
    • (1989) Neuropsychologia , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-352
    • Nissen, M.J.1    Willingham, D.2    Hartman, M.3
  • 68
    • 14744268898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct neural systems underlie learning visuomotor and spatial representations of motor skills
    • Parsons M.W., Harrington D.L., Rao S.M. Distinct neural systems underlie learning visuomotor and spatial representations of motor skills. Human Brain Mapping 2005, 24(3):229-247.
    • (2005) Human Brain Mapping , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-247
    • Parsons, M.W.1    Harrington, D.L.2    Rao, S.M.3
  • 72
    • 0031920432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning
    • Reber P.J., Squire L.R. Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1998, 10(2):248-263.
    • (1998) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 248-263
    • Reber, P.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 73
    • 34248802064 scopus 로고
    • Assessing implicit learning with indirect tests - Determining what is learned about sequence structure
    • Reed J., Johnson P. Assessing implicit learning with indirect tests - Determining what is learned about sequence structure. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition 1994, 20(3):585-594.
    • (1994) Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 585-594
    • Reed, J.1    Johnson, P.2
  • 77
    • 80053243656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional dissociation of hippocampal mechanisms during implicit learning based on the domain of associations
    • Rose M., Haider H., Salari N., Buchel C. Functional dissociation of hippocampal mechanisms during implicit learning based on the domain of associations. Journal of Neuroscience 2011, 31(39):13739-13745.
    • (2011) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.31 , Issue.39 , pp. 13739-13745
    • Rose, M.1    Haider, H.2    Salari, N.3    Buchel, C.4
  • 78
    • 0037137716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of medial temporal lobe structures in implicit learning: an event-related FMRI study
    • Rose M., Haider H., Weiller C., Buchel C. The role of medial temporal lobe structures in implicit learning: an event-related FMRI study. Neuron 2002, 36(6):1221-1231.
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 1221-1231
    • Rose, M.1    Haider, H.2    Weiller, C.3    Buchel, C.4
  • 79
    • 33845364770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention modulates the learning of multiple contingencies
    • Rowland L.A., Shanks D.R. Attention modulates the learning of multiple contingencies. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2006, 13(4):643-648.
    • (2006) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 643-648
    • Rowland, L.A.1    Shanks, D.R.2
  • 80
    • 0036982886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of stimulus distance in implicit learning of spatial and nonspatial event sequences
    • Rüsseler J., Münte T.F., Rösler F. Influence of stimulus distance in implicit learning of spatial and nonspatial event sequences. Perceptual and Motor Skills 2002, 95(3, Pt 1):973-987.
    • (2002) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.95 , Issue.3 PART 1 , pp. 973-987
    • Rüsseler, J.1    Münte, T.F.2    Rösler, F.3
  • 81
    • 0034150896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit learning of event sequences: Evidence for distinct coding of perceptual and motor representations
    • Rüsseler J., Rösler F. Implicit and explicit learning of event sequences: Evidence for distinct coding of perceptual and motor representations. Acta Psychologica 2000, 104(1):45-67.
    • (2000) Acta Psychologica , vol.104 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-67
    • Rüsseler, J.1    Rösler, F.2
  • 82
    • 0036796869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning of sequences of finger movements and timing: Frontal lobe and action-oriented representation
    • Sakai K., Ramnani N., Passingham R.E. Learning of sequences of finger movements and timing: Frontal lobe and action-oriented representation. Journal of Neurophysiology 2002, 88(4):2035-2046.
    • (2002) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 2035-2046
    • Sakai, K.1    Ramnani, N.2    Passingham, R.E.3
  • 83
    • 0037468806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An FMRI study of the role of the medial temporal lobe in implicit and explicit sequence learning
    • Schendan H.E., Searl M.M., Melrose R.J., Stern C.E. An FMRI study of the role of the medial temporal lobe in implicit and explicit sequence learning. Neuron 2003, 37(6):1013-1025.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1013-1025
    • Schendan, H.E.1    Searl, M.M.2    Melrose, R.J.3    Stern, C.E.4
  • 84
    • 0001884642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task integration as a factor in secondary task effects on sequence learning
    • Schmidtke V., Heuer H. Task integration as a factor in secondary task effects on sequence learning. Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung 1997, 60(1-2):53-71.
    • (1997) Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung , vol.60 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 53-71
    • Schmidtke, V.1    Heuer, H.2
  • 85
    • 65749093877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel response selection disrupts sequence learning under dual-task conditions
    • Schumacher E.H., Schwarb H. Parallel response selection disrupts sequence learning under dual-task conditions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 2009, 138(2):270-290.
    • (2009) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.138 , Issue.2 , pp. 270-290
    • Schumacher, E.H.1    Schwarb, H.2
  • 87
    • 0028389896 scopus 로고
    • Implicit learning
    • Seger C.A. Implicit learning. Psychological Bulletin 1994, 115(2):163-196.
    • (1994) Psychological Bulletin , vol.115 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-196
    • Seger, C.A.1
  • 88
    • 0031085875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two forms of sequential implicit learning
    • Seger C.A. Two forms of sequential implicit learning. Consciousness and Cognition 1997, 6(1):108-131.
    • (1997) Consciousness and Cognition , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-131
    • Seger, C.A.1
  • 90
    • 77449118063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning: From association to cognition
    • Shanks D.R. Learning: From association to cognition. Annual Review of Psychology 2010, 61:273-301.
    • (2010) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 273-301
    • Shanks, D.R.1
  • 91
    • 0036561761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a secondary task on 'implicit' sequence learning: Learning or performance?
    • Shanks D.R., Channon S. Effects of a secondary task on 'implicit' sequence learning: Learning or performance?. Psychological Research 2002, 66(2):99-109.
    • (2002) Psychological Research , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-109
    • Shanks, D.R.1    Channon, S.2
  • 92
    • 0033217891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the relationship between explicit and implicit knowledge in a sequential reaction time task
    • Shanks D.R., Johnstone T. Evaluating the relationship between explicit and implicit knowledge in a sequential reaction time task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1999, 25(6):1435-1451.
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 1435-1451
    • Shanks, D.R.1    Johnstone, T.2
  • 94
    • 0001662397 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems
    • Shanks D.R., St.John M.F. Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1994, 17(3):367-447.
    • (1994) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 367-447
    • Shanks, D.R.1    St John, M.F.2
  • 95
    • 84863777603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sage Publications Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.)
    • Handbook of implicit learning 1998, Sage Publications Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 401-444. M.A. Stadler, P.A. Frensch (Eds.).
    • (1998) Handbook of implicit learning , pp. 401-444
  • 96
    • 33745253740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can amnesic patients learn without awareness? New evidence comparing deterministic and probabilistic sequence learning
    • Vandenberghe M., Schmidt N., Fery P., Cleeremans A. Can amnesic patients learn without awareness? New evidence comparing deterministic and probabilistic sequence learning. Neuropsychologia 2006, 44(10):1629-1641.
    • (2006) Neuropsychologia , vol.44 , Issue.10 , pp. 1629-1641
    • Vandenberghe, M.1    Schmidt, N.2    Fery, P.3    Cleeremans, A.4
  • 97
    • 33749613178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The problem of reversals in assessing implicit sequence learning with serial reaction time tasks
    • Vaquero J.M.M., Jimenez L., Lupianez J. The problem of reversals in assessing implicit sequence learning with serial reaction time tasks. Experimental Brain Research 2006, 175(1):97-109.
    • (2006) Experimental Brain Research , vol.175 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-109
    • Vaquero, J.M.M.1    Jimenez, L.2    Lupianez, J.3
  • 99
    • 0032116811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuropsychological theory of motor skill learning
    • Willingham D.B. A neuropsychological theory of motor skill learning. Psychological Review 1998, 105(3):558-584.
    • (1998) Psychological Review , vol.105 , Issue.3 , pp. 558-584
    • Willingham, D.B.1
  • 100
    • 0032916025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit motor sequence learning is not purely perceptual
    • Willingham D.B. Implicit motor sequence learning is not purely perceptual. Memory & Cognition 1999, 27(3):561-572.
    • (1999) Memory & Cognition , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 561-572
    • Willingham, D.B.1
  • 102
    • 0036712368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct comparison of neural systems mediating conscious and unconscious skill learning
    • Willingham D.B., Salidis J., Gabrieli J.D.E. Direct comparison of neural systems mediating conscious and unconscious skill learning. Journal of Neurophysiology 2002, 88(3):1451-1460.
    • (2002) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 1451-1460
    • Willingham, D.B.1    Salidis, J.2    Gabrieli, J.D.E.3
  • 103
  • 104
    • 33847655562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for separate representations for action and location in implicit motor sequencing
    • Witt J.K., Willingham D.T. Evidence for separate representations for action and location in implicit motor sequencing. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2006, 13(5):902-907.
    • (2006) Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 902-907
    • Witt, J.K.1    Willingham, D.T.2
  • 106
    • 85047682514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning of event sequences is based on response-effect learning: Further evidence from a serial reaction task
    • Ziessler M., Nattkemper D. Learning of event sequences is based on response-effect learning: Further evidence from a serial reaction task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2001, 27(3):595-613.
    • (2001) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 595-613
    • Ziessler, M.1    Nattkemper, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.