Health benefits of cereal fibre: A review of clinical trials

Nutrition Research Reviews

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 118-131

  Smith, Caren E ^a   Tucker, Katherine L ^a,b  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cereal fibre; Clinical trials; Dietary fibre; Whole grains

Indexed keywords

FOOD ADDITIVE; ISPAGULA; LIPID;

BARLEY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CEREAL; DIETARY FIBER; ENERGY METABOLISM; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LEGUME; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPID METABOLISM; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; RYE; SATIETY; VISCOSITY; WEIGHT REDUCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHEMISTRY; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET; HEALTH; PHARMACOLOGY; THERAPEUTIC USE;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CEREALS; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET; DIETARY FIBER; HEALTH; HUMANS; OBESITY;

EID: 79958819190     PISSN: 09544224     EISSN: 14752700     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0954422411000023     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Codex Alimentarius Commission (2008) Codex Alimentarius Commission and Report of the 30th session of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses. http://www.codexalimentarius.net/download/report/710/al32- 26e.pdf (accessed 26 December 2010).
2. Liu S, Stampfer MJ, Hu FB, et al. (1999) Whole-grain consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: results from the Nurses' Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 70, 412-419. (Pubitemid 29407162)
3. Liu S, Willett WC, Manson JE, et al. (2003) Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women. Am J Clin Nutr 78, 920-927. (Pubitemid 39663467)
4. Liu S, Sesso HD, Manson JE, et al. (2003) Is intake of breakfast cereals related to total and cause-specific mortality in men? Am J Clin Nutr 77, 594-599.
5. Lairon D, Arnault N, Bertrais S, et al. (2005) Dietary fiber intake and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in French adults. Am J Clin Nutr 82, 1185-1194. (Pubitemid 43779716)
6. Streppel MT, Ocke MC, Boshuizen HC, et al. (2008) Dietary fiber intake in relation to coronary heart disease and allcause mortality over 40 y: the Zutphen Study. Am J Clin Nutr 88, 1119-1125.
7. Kelly SA, Summerbell CD, Brynes A, et al. (2007) Wholegrain cereals for coronary heart disease. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, issue 4, CD005051. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/ CD005051/frame.html
8. Flight I & Clifton P (2006) Cereal grains and legumes in the prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke: a review of the literature. Eur J Clin Nutr 60, 1145-1159. (Pubitemid 44489962)
9. Friday JE & Bowman SA (2006) MyPyramid equivalents database for USDA survey food codes, 1994-2002, version 1.0. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/ publications.htm?seq-no-115=201058 (accessed 26 December 2010).
10. O'Neil CE, Nicklas TA, Zanovec M, et al. (2010) Whole-grain consumption is associated with diet quality and nutrient intake in adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004. J Am Diet Assoc 110, 1461-1468.
11. Priebe MG, van Binsbergen JJ, de Vos R, et al. (2008) Whole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, issue 1, CD006061. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/ cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD006061/frame.html
12. Schulze MB, Liu S, Rimm EB, et al. (2004) Glycemic index, glycemic load, and dietary fiber intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes in younger and middle-aged women. Am J Clin Nutr 80, 348-356. (Pubitemid 41080008)
13. de Munter JS, Hu FB, Spiegelman D, et al. (2007) Whole grain, bran, and germ intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study and systematic review. PLoS Med 4, e261.
14. McKeown NM, Meigs JB, Liu S, et al. (2002) Whole-grain intake is favorably associated with metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Offspring Study. Am J Clin Nutr 76, 390-398. (Pubitemid 34804062)
15. Krishnan S, Rosenberg L, Singer M, et al. (2007) Glycemic index, glycemic load, and cereal fiber intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in US black women. Arch Intern Med 167, 2304-2309. (Pubitemid 350179524)
16. Keenan JM, Goulson M, Shamliyan T, et al. (2007) The effects of concentrated barley β-glucan on blood lipids in a population of hypercholesterolaemic men and women. Br J Nutr 97, 1162-1168. (Pubitemid 46925369)
17. Food and Nutrition Board (2005) Dietary, functional and total fiber. In Dietary Reference Intakes Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients), chapter 7, pp. 339-421. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
18. Benini L, Castellani G, Brighenti F, et al. (1995) Gastric emptying of a solid meal is accelerated by the removal of dietary fibre naturally present in food. Gut 36, 825-830.
19. Sanaka M, Yamamoto T, Anjiki H, et al. (2007) Effects of agar and pectin on gastric emptying and post-prandial glycaemic profiles in healthy human volunteers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 34, 1151-1155. (Pubitemid 47416361)
20. Bergmann JF, Chassany O, Petit A, et al. (1992) Correlation between echographic gastric emptying and appetite: influence of psyllium. Gut 33, 1042-1043.
21. Isken F, Klaus S, Osterhoff M, et al. (2010) Effects of longterm soluble vs. insoluble dietary fiber intake on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. J Nutr Biochem 21, 278-284.
22. McNeil NI (1984) The contribution of the large intestine to energy supplies in man. Am J Clin Nutr 39, 338-342.
23. Hamedani A, Akhavan T, Samra RA, et al. (2009) Reduced energy intake at breakfast is not compensated for at lunch if a high-insoluble-fiber cereal replaces a low-fiber cereal. Am J Clin Nutr 89, 1343-1349.
24. Delargy HJ, O'Sullivan KR, Fletcher RJ, et al. (1997) Effects of amount and type of dietary fibre (soluble and insoluble) on short-term control of appetite. Int J Food Sci Nutr 48, 67-77. (Pubitemid 27095841)
25. Keogh JB, Lau CW, Noakes M, et al. (2007) Effects of meals with high soluble fibre, high amylose barley variant on glucose, insulin, satiety and thermic effect of food in healthy lean women. Eur J Clin Nutr 61, 597-604. (Pubitemid 46722852)
26. Hlebowicz J, Wickenberg J, Fahlstrom R, et al. (2007) Effect of commercial breakfast fibre cereals compared with corn flakes on postprandial blood glucose, gastric emptying and satiety in healthy subjects: a randomized blinded crossover trial. Nutr J 6, 22.
27. Hlebowicz J, Lindstedt S, Bjorgell O, et al. (2008) The botanical integrity of wheat products influences the gastric distention and satiety in healthy subjects. Nutr J 8, 12.
28. Shiiya T, Nakazato M, Mizuta M, et al. (2002) Plasma ghrelin levels in lean and obese humans and the effect of glucose on ghrelin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87, 240-244. (Pubitemid 34084697)
29. Batterham RL, Cohen MA, Ellis SM, et al. (2003) Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY3-36. New Engl J Med 349, 941-948. (Pubitemid 37064767)
30. Weickert MO, Spranger J, Holst JJ, et al. (2006) Wheat-fibre-induced changes of postprandial peptide YY and ghrelin responses are not associated with acute alterations of satiety. Br J Nutr 96, 795-798. (Pubitemid 46454553)
31. Howarth NC, Saltzman E, McCrory MA, et al. (2003) Fermentable and nonfermentable fiber supplements did not alter hunger, satiety or body weight in a pilot study of men and women consuming self-selected diets. J Nutr 133, 3141-3144. (Pubitemid 37222229)
32. Gilhooly CH, Das SK, Golden JK, et al. (2008) Use of cereal fiber to facilitate adherence to a human caloric restriction program. Aging Clin Exp Res 20, 513-520.
33. Pai S, Ghugre PS & Udipi SA (2005) Satiety from rice-based, wheat-based and rice-pulse combination preparations. Appetite 44, 263-271. (Pubitemid 40775750)
34. Bazzano LA, He J, Ogden LG, et al. (2003) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Followup Study. Dietary fiber intake and reduced risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Followup Study. Arch Intern Med 163, 1897-1904.
35. Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Rao AV, et al. (1993) Effect on blood lipids of very high intakes of fiber in diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol. N Engl J Med 329, 21-26. (Pubitemid 23182874)
36. Brown L, Rosner B, Willett WW, et al. (1999) Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 30-42. (Pubitemid 29031248)
37. US Food and Drug Administration (1998) Food Labeling: Health Claims; Soluble Fiber from Certain Foods and Coronary Heart Disease. Federal Register 63 FR 8103. http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/1998/02/18/98-4074/food- labeling-health-claims-soluble-fiber-from-certain-foods-and-coronary-heart- disease
38. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vuksan V, et al. (2002) Soluble fiber intake at a dose approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for a claim of health benefits: serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease assessed in a randomized controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 75, 834-839. (Pubitemid 34441251)
39. Marlett JA, Hosig KB, Vollendorf NW, et al. (1994) Mechanism of serum cholesterol reduction by oat bran. Hepatology 20, 1450-1457. (Pubitemid 24359055)
40. Garcia-Diez F, Garcia-Mediavilla V, Bayon JE, et al. (1996) Pectin feeding influences fecal bile acid excretion, hepatic bile acid and cholesterol synthesis and serum cholesterol in rats. J Nutr 126, 1766-1771. (Pubitemid 26231442)
41. Andersson M, Ellegard L & Andersson H (2002) Oat bran stimulates bile acid synthesis within 8 h as measured by 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one. Am J Clin Nutr 76, 1111-1116. (Pubitemid 35244686)
42. Hara H, Haga S, Aoyama Y, et al. (1999) Short-chain fatty acids suppress cholesterol synthesis in rat liver and intestine. J Nutr 129, 942-948. (Pubitemid 29214442)
43. Chen J, He J, Wildman RP, et al. (2006) A randomized controlled trial of dietary fiber intake on serum lipids. Eur J Clin Nutr 60, 62-68. (Pubitemid 43731076)
44. Saltzman E, Das SK, Lichtenstein AH, et al. (2001) An oat-containing hypocaloric diet reduces systolic blood pressure and improves lipid profile beyond effects of weight loss in men and women. J Nutr 131, 1465-1470. (Pubitemid 32422968)
45. Panahi S, Ezatagha A, Temelli F, et al. (2007) β-Glucan from two sources of oat concentrates affect postprandial glycemia in relation to the level of viscosity. J Am Coll Nutr 26, 639-644.
46. Behall KM, Scholfield DJ & Hallfrisch J (2004) Lipids significantly reduced by diets containing barley in moderately hypercholesterolemic men. J Am Coll Nutr 23, 55-62. (Pubitemid 38200835)
47. Leinonen KS, Poutanen KS & Mykkanen HM (2000) Rye bread decreases serum total and LDL cholesterol in men with moderately elevated serum cholesterol. J Nutr 130, 164-170. (Pubitemid 30073789)
48. Pietinen P, Rimm EB, Korhonen P, et al. (1996) Intake of dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Circulation 94, 2720-2727.
49. Nilsson AC, Ostman EM, Granfeldt Y, et al. (2008) Effect of cereal test breakfasts differing in glycemic index and content of indigestible carbohydrates on daylong glucose tolerance in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 87, 645-654. (Pubitemid 351364546)
50. Anderson JW, Allgood LD, Lawrence A, et al. (2000) Cholesterol-lowering effects of psyllium intake adjunctive to diet therapy in men and women with hypercholesterolemia: meta-analysis of 8 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 71, 472-479. (Pubitemid 30061225)
51. Romero AL, Romero JE, Galaviz S, et al. (1998) Cookies enriched with psyllium or oat bran lower plasma LDL cholesterol in normal and hypercholesterolemic men from Northern Mexico. J Am Coll Nutr 17, 601-608. (Pubitemid 28546151)
52. Howarth NC, Huang TT, Roberts SB, et al. (2005) Dietary fiber and fat are associated with excess weight in young and middle-aged US adults. J Am Diet Assoc 105, 1365-1372. (Pubitemid 41223953)
53. Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, et al. (2003) EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33 883 meat-eaters and 31 546 non meat-eaters in the UK. Public Health Nutr 6, 259-269.
54. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (2001) Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285, 2486-2497.
55. Queenan KM, Stewart ML, Smith KN, et al. (2007) Concentrated oat β-glucan, a fermentable fiber, lowers serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults in a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J 6, 6.
56. Smith KN, Queenan KM, Thomas W, et al. (2008) Physiological effects of concentrated barley β-glucan in mildly hypercholesterolemic adults. J Am Coll Nutr 27, 434-440.
57. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Vuksan V, et al. (1999) Effect of wheat bran on serum lipids: influence of particle size and wheat protein. J Am Coll Nutr 18, 159-165. (Pubitemid 29157322)
58. Lee KW, Song KE, Lee HS, et al. (2006) The effects of Goami no. 2 rice, a natural fiber-rich rice, on body weight and lipid metabolism. Obesity 14, 423-430. (Pubitemid 46219761)
59. Gerhardt AL & Gallo NB (1998) Full-fat rice bran and oat bran similarly reduce hypercholesterolemia in humans. J Nutr 128, 865-869. (Pubitemid 28225518)
60. Most MM, Tulley R, Morales S, et al. (2005) Rice bran oil, not fiber, lowers cholesterol in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 64-68. (Pubitemid 43073376)
61. Raghuram TC & Rukmini C (1995) Nutritional significance of rice bran oil. Indian J Med Res 102, 241-244.
62. Meyer KA, Kushi LH, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. (2000) Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women. Am J Clin Nutr 71, 921-930. (Pubitemid 30176574)
63. Montonen J, Knekt P, Järvinen R, et al. (2003) Whole-grain and fiber intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 622-629. (Pubitemid 36258571)
64. Battilana P, Ornstein K, Minehira K, et al. (2001) Mechanisms of action of β-glucan in postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy men. Eur J Clin Nutr 55, 327-333. (Pubitemid 32396741)
65. Flourie B, Vidon N, Florent CH, et al. (1984) Effect of pectin on jejunal glucose absorption and unstirred layer thickness in normal man. Gut 25, 936-941. (Pubitemid 14040298)
66. Thorburn A, Muir J & Proietto J (1993) Carbohydrate fermentation decreases hepatic glucose output in healthy subjects. Metabolism 42, 780-785. (Pubitemid 23173421)
67. Tappy L, Gugolz E & Wursch P (1996) Effects of breakfast cereals containing various amounts of β-glucan fibers on plasma glucose and insulin responses in NIDDM subjects. Diabetes Care 19, 831-834. (Pubitemid 26286988)
68. Bourdon I, Yokoyama W, Davis P, et al. (1999) Postrandial lipid, glucose, insulin, and cholecystokinin responses in men fed barley pasta enriched with β-glucan. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 55-63. (Pubitemid 29031251)
69. Juntunen KS, Laaksonen DE, Autio K, et al. (2003) Structural differences between rye and wheat breads but not total fiber content may explain the lower postprandial insulin response to rye bread. Am J Clin Nutr 78, 957-964. (Pubitemid 39663472)
70. Heaton KW, Marcus SN, Emmett PM, et al. (1988) Particle size of wheat, maize, and oat test meals: effects on plasma glucose and insulin responses and on the rate of starch digestion in vitro. Am J Clin Nutr 47, 675-682.
71. Juntunen KS, Niskanen LK, Liukkonen KH, et al. (2002) Postprandial glucose, insulin, and incretin responses to grain products in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 75, 254-262. (Pubitemid 34101209)
72. Nilsson A, Granfeldt Y, Ostman E, et al. (2006) Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Eur J Clin Nutr 60, 1092-1099. (Pubitemid 44340408)
73. Brighenti F, Benini L, Del Rio D, et al. (2006) Colonic fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates contributes to the second-meal effect. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 817-822. (Pubitemid 44713145)
74. Nilsson A, Ostman E, Preston T, et al. (2008) Effects of GI vs content of cereal fibre of the evening meal on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardized breakfast. Eur J Clin Nutr 62, 712-720. (Pubitemid 351803580)
75. Weickert MO, Mohlig M, Koebnick C, et al. (2005) Impact of cereal fibre on glucose-regulating factors. Diabetologia 48, 2343-2353. (Pubitemid 41618927)
76. Robertson MD, Currie JM, Morgan LM, et al. (2003) Prior short-term consumption of resistant starch enhances postprandial insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. Diabetologia 46, 659-665. (Pubitemid 36814018)
77. Robertson MD, Bickerton AS, Dennis AL, et al. (2005) Insulin-sensitizing effects of dietary resistant starch and effects on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 82, 559-567.
78. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR Jr, Pins JJ, et al. (2002) Effect of whole grains on insulin sensitivity in overweight hyperinsulinemic adults. Am J Clin Nutr 75, 848-855. (Pubitemid 34441253)
79. Pick ME, Hawrysh ZJ, Gee MI, et al. (1996) Oat bran concentrate bread products improve long-term control of diabetes: a pilot study. J Am Diet Assoc 96, 1254-1261. (Pubitemid 27381748)
80. Rave K, Roggen K, Dellweg S, et al. (2007) Improvement of insulin resistance after diet with a whole-grain based dietary product: results of a randomized, controlled cross-over study in obese subjects with elevated fasting blood glucose. Br J Nutr 98, 929-936. (Pubitemid 47543450)
81. Weickert MO, Mohlig M, Schofl C, et al. (2006) Cereal fiber improves whole-body insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese women. Diabetes Care 29, 775-780. (Pubitemid 44115293)
82. Juntunen KS, Laaksonen DE, Poutanen KS, et al. (2003) High-fiber rye bread and insulin secretion and sensitivity in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 385-391. (Pubitemid 36133381)
83. Samra RA & Anderson GH (2007) Insoluble cereal fiber reduces appetite and short-term food intake and glycemic response to food consumed 75 min later by healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr 86, 972-979. (Pubitemid 47538298)
84. Bazzano LA, He J, Ogden LG, et al. (2001) Legume consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Arch Intern Med 161, 2573-2578.
85. Villegas R, Gao YT, Yang G, et al. (2008) Legume and soy food intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the Shanghai Women's Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 87, 162-167.
86. Nestel P, Cehun M & Chronopoulos A (2004) Effects of longterm consumption and single meals of chickpeas on plasma glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerol concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 79, 390-395. (Pubitemid 41115581)
87. Pittaway JK, Ahuja KD, Robertson IK, et al. (2007) Effects of a controlled diet supplemented with chickpeas on serum lipids, glucose tolerance, satiety and bowel function. J Am Coll Nutr 26, 334-340. (Pubitemid 47579901)
88. Jang Y, Lee JH, Kim OY, et al. (2001) Consumption of whole grain and legume powder reduces insulin demand, lipid peroxidation, and plasma homocysteine concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease: randomized controlled clinical trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21, 2065-2071. (Pubitemid 34219763)