메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 208, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 291-310

The uncertainty processing theory of motivation

Author keywords

Anticipation; Attention; Dopamine; Motivation; Seeking behaviour; Uncertainty

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE;

EID: 77249166485     PISSN: 01664328     EISSN: 18727549     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.12.020     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (66)

References (268)
  • 1
    • 0029937831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditioned and unconditioned stimuli increase frontal cortical and hippocampal acetylcholine release: effects of novelty, habituation, and fear
    • Acquas E., Wilson C., and Fibiger H.C. Conditioned and unconditioned stimuli increase frontal cortical and hippocampal acetylcholine release: effects of novelty, habituation, and fear. J Neurosci 16 (1996) 3089-3096
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 3089-3096
    • Acquas, E.1    Wilson, C.2    Fibiger, H.C.3
  • 2
    • 0031980889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of sensory stimulation-evoked increases in frontal cortical acetylcholine release
    • Acquas E., Wilson C., and Fibiger H.C. Pharmacology of sensory stimulation-evoked increases in frontal cortical acetylcholine release. Neuroscience 85 (1998) 73-83
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.85 , pp. 73-83
    • Acquas, E.1    Wilson, C.2    Fibiger, H.C.3
  • 3
    • 84885422671 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental responding following reinforcer devaluation
    • Adams C.D., and Dickinson A. Instrumental responding following reinforcer devaluation. Q J Exp Psychol B 33 (1981) 109-122
    • (1981) Q J Exp Psychol B , vol.33 , pp. 109-122
    • Adams, C.D.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 4
    • 0025764144 scopus 로고
    • Cell excitation enhances muscarinic cholinergic responses in rat association cortex
    • Andrade R. Cell excitation enhances muscarinic cholinergic responses in rat association cortex. Brain Res 548 (1991) 81-93
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.548 , pp. 81-93
    • Andrade, R.1
  • 5
    • 34249668397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some conceptual problems with the classical theory of behaviour
    • Anselme P. Some conceptual problems with the classical theory of behaviour. Behav Process 75 (2007) 259-275
    • (2007) Behav Process , vol.75 , pp. 259-275
    • Anselme, P.1
  • 6
    • 46149097372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal patterns of displacement activities: a review and reinterpretation
    • Anselme P. Abnormal patterns of displacement activities: a review and reinterpretation. Behav Process 79 (2008) 48-58
    • (2008) Behav Process , vol.79 , pp. 48-58
    • Anselme, P.1
  • 7
    • 59249099378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of exposure to drugs on the processing of natural rewards
    • Anselme P. The effect of exposure to drugs on the processing of natural rewards. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33 (2009) 314-335
    • (2009) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.33 , pp. 314-335
    • Anselme, P.1
  • 8
    • 0025745214 scopus 로고
    • Responses to reward in monkey dorsal and ventral striatum
    • Apicella P., Ljungberg T., Scarnati E., and Schultz W. Responses to reward in monkey dorsal and ventral striatum. Exp Brain Res 85 (1991) 491-500
    • (1991) Exp Brain Res , vol.85 , pp. 491-500
    • Apicella, P.1    Ljungberg, T.2    Scarnati, E.3    Schultz, W.4
  • 10
    • 59249107185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine modulates neural networks involved in effort-based decision-making
    • Assadi S.M., Yücel M., and Pantelis C. Dopamine modulates neural networks involved in effort-based decision-making. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33 (2009) 383-393
    • (2009) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.33 , pp. 383-393
    • Assadi, S.M.1    Yücel, M.2    Pantelis, C.3
  • 12
    • 0026003140 scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic regulation of feeding behavior: I. Differential effects of haloperidol microinjection in three striatal subregions
    • Bakshi V.P., and Kelley A.E. Dopaminergic regulation of feeding behavior: I. Differential effects of haloperidol microinjection in three striatal subregions. Psychobiology 19 (1991) 223-232
    • (1991) Psychobiology , vol.19 , pp. 223-232
    • Bakshi, V.P.1    Kelley, A.E.2
  • 13
    • 0032144623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivational conflict among water need, palatability, and cold discomfort in rats
    • Balasko M., and Cabanac M. Motivational conflict among water need, palatability, and cold discomfort in rats. Physiol Behav 65 (1998) 35-41
    • (1998) Physiol Behav , vol.65 , pp. 35-41
    • Balasko, M.1    Cabanac, M.2
  • 14
    • 0026886107 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental performance following a shift in primary motivation depends on incentive learning
    • Balleine B.W. Instrumental performance following a shift in primary motivation depends on incentive learning. J Exp Psychol Anim B 18 (1992) 236-250
    • (1992) J Exp Psychol Anim B , vol.18 , pp. 236-250
    • Balleine, B.W.1
  • 15
    • 0001398415 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental performance following reinforcer devaluation depends upon incentive learning
    • Balleine B.W., and Dickinson A. Instrumental performance following reinforcer devaluation depends upon incentive learning. Q J Exp Psychol B 43 (1991) 279-296
    • (1991) Q J Exp Psychol B , vol.43 , pp. 279-296
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 16
    • 0028589497 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens on instrumental action
    • Balleine B., and Killcross S. Effects of ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens on instrumental action. Behav Brain Res 65 (1994) 181-193
    • (1994) Behav Brain Res , vol.65 , pp. 181-193
    • Balleine, B.1    Killcross, S.2
  • 17
    • 0031801210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed instrumental action: contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates
    • Balleine B.W., and Dickinson A. Goal-directed instrumental action: contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates. Neuropharmacology 37 (1998) 407-419
    • (1998) Neuropharmacology , vol.37 , pp. 407-419
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 18
    • 0031890398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of incentive learning in instrumental outcome revaluation by sensori-specific satiety
    • Balleine B., and Dickinson A. The role of incentive learning in instrumental outcome revaluation by sensori-specific satiety. Anim Learn Behav 26 (1998) 46-59
    • (1998) Anim Learn Behav , vol.26 , pp. 46-59
    • Balleine, B.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 19
    • 0030747603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cholinergic depletion on experience-dependent plasticity in the cortex of the rat
    • Baskerville K.A., Schweitzer J.B., and Herron P. Effects of cholinergic depletion on experience-dependent plasticity in the cortex of the rat. Neuroscience 80 (1997) 1159-1169
    • (1997) Neuroscience , vol.80 , pp. 1159-1169
    • Baskerville, K.A.1    Schweitzer, J.B.2    Herron, P.3
  • 20
    • 0032904563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functions of the basal forebrain
    • Baxter M.G., and Chiba A.A. Cognitive functions of the basal forebrain. Curr Opin Neurobiol 9 (1999) 178-183
    • (1999) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.9 , pp. 178-183
    • Baxter, M.G.1    Chiba, A.A.2
  • 21
    • 0022619482 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of visual cortical plasticity by acetylcholine and noradrenaline
    • Bear M.F., and Singer W. Modulation of visual cortical plasticity by acetylcholine and noradrenaline. Nature 320 (1986) 172-176
    • (1986) Nature , vol.320 , pp. 172-176
    • Bear, M.F.1    Singer, W.2
  • 24
    • 0033964125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring hedonic impact in animals and infants: microstructure of affective taste reactivity patterns
    • Berridge K.C. Measuring hedonic impact in animals and infants: microstructure of affective taste reactivity patterns. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 24 (2000) 173-198
    • (2000) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.24 , pp. 173-198
    • Berridge, K.C.1
  • 25
    • 2442701355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivation concepts in behavioral neuroscience
    • Berridge K.C. Motivation concepts in behavioral neuroscience. Physiol Behav 81 (2004) 179-209
    • (2004) Physiol Behav , vol.81 , pp. 179-209
    • Berridge, K.C.1
  • 26
    • 33847634405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The debate over dopamine's role in reward: the case of incentive salience
    • Berridge K.C. The debate over dopamine's role in reward: the case of incentive salience. Psychopharmacology 19 (2007) 391-431
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology , vol.19 , pp. 391-431
    • Berridge, K.C.1
  • 27
    • 0025970096 scopus 로고
    • What psychological process mediates feeding evoked by electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus?
    • Berridge K.C., and Valenstein E.S. What psychological process mediates feeding evoked by electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus?. Behav Neurosci 105 (1991) 3-14
    • (1991) Behav Neurosci , vol.105 , pp. 3-14
    • Berridge, K.C.1    Valenstein, E.S.2
  • 28
    • 0032423613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
    • Berridge K.C., and Robinson T.E. What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?. Brain Res Rev 28 (1998) 309-369
    • (1998) Brain Res Rev , vol.28 , pp. 309-369
    • Berridge, K.C.1    Robinson, T.E.2
  • 29
    • 0024552969 scopus 로고
    • Taste reactivity analysis of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced aphagia: implications for arousal and anhedonia hypotheses of dopamine function
    • Berridge K.C., Venier I.L., and Robinson T.E. Taste reactivity analysis of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced aphagia: implications for arousal and anhedonia hypotheses of dopamine function. Behav Neurosci 103 (1989) 36-45
    • (1989) Behav Neurosci , vol.103 , pp. 36-45
    • Berridge, K.C.1    Venier, I.L.2    Robinson, T.E.3
  • 30
    • 0028933934 scopus 로고
    • The behavioral economics of concurrent drug reinforcers: a review and reanalysis of drug self-administration research
    • Bickel W.K., DeGrandpre R.J., and Higgins S.T. The behavioral economics of concurrent drug reinforcers: a review and reanalysis of drug self-administration research. Psychopharmacology 118 (1995) 250-259
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.118 , pp. 250-259
    • Bickel, W.K.1    DeGrandpre, R.J.2    Higgins, S.T.3
  • 31
    • 0018053135 scopus 로고
    • How adaptive behavior is produced: a perceptual-motivational alternative to response-reinforcement
    • Bindra D. How adaptive behavior is produced: a perceptual-motivational alternative to response-reinforcement. Behav Brain Sci 1 (1978) 41-91
    • (1978) Behav Brain Sci , vol.1 , pp. 41-91
    • Bindra, D.1
  • 32
    • 0034212645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medial frontal cortex mediates perceptual attentional set shifting in the rat
    • Birrell J., and Brown V. Medial frontal cortex mediates perceptual attentional set shifting in the rat. J Neurosci 20 (2000) 4320-4324
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 4320-4324
    • Birrell, J.1    Brown, V.2
  • 33
    • 0001656462 scopus 로고
    • Reinforcement, expectancy, and learning
    • Bolles R.C. Reinforcement, expectancy, and learning. Psychol Rev 79 (1972) 394-409
    • (1972) Psychol Rev , vol.79 , pp. 394-409
    • Bolles, R.C.1
  • 34
    • 36249016353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of blockade of dopamine D1-family receptors in nucleus accumbens core or shell on reinstatement of heroin seeking induced by contextual and discrete cues
    • Bossert J.M., Poles G.C., Wihbey K.A., Koya E., and Shaham Y. Differential effects of blockade of dopamine D1-family receptors in nucleus accumbens core or shell on reinstatement of heroin seeking induced by contextual and discrete cues. J Neurosci 27 (2007) 12655-12663
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 12655-12663
    • Bossert, J.M.1    Poles, G.C.2    Wihbey, K.A.3    Koya, E.4    Shaham, Y.5
  • 35
    • 0025354061 scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine lowers extracellular GABA concentrations in the ventral pallidum
    • Bourdelais A., and Kalivas P. Amphetamine lowers extracellular GABA concentrations in the ventral pallidum. Brain Res 516 (1990) 132-136
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.516 , pp. 132-136
    • Bourdelais, A.1    Kalivas, P.2
  • 36
    • 0031726492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of excitotoxic lesions of the rat ventral striatum on the perception of reward cost
    • Bowman E.M., and Brown V.J. Effects of excitotoxic lesions of the rat ventral striatum on the perception of reward cost. Exp Brain Res 123 (1998) 439-448
    • (1998) Exp Brain Res , vol.123 , pp. 439-448
    • Bowman, E.M.1    Brown, V.J.2
  • 37
    • 0002590104 scopus 로고
    • Gustatory cortex: definition and function
    • Kolb B., and Tees R. (Eds), The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
    • Braun J.J. Gustatory cortex: definition and function. In: Kolb B., and Tees R. (Eds). The cerebral cortex of the rat (1990), The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 407-430
    • (1990) The cerebral cortex of the rat , pp. 407-430
    • Braun, J.J.1
  • 38
    • 0028791977 scopus 로고
    • Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens
    • Brown V.J., and Bowman E.M. Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens. Eur J Neurosci 7 (1995) 2479-2485
    • (1995) Eur J Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 2479-2485
    • Brown, V.J.1    Bowman, E.M.2
  • 39
    • 0001589490 scopus 로고
    • Prime theory: an integrated view of motivation and emotion
    • Buck R. Prime theory: an integrated view of motivation and emotion. Psychol Rev 92 (1985) 389-413
    • (1985) Psychol Rev , vol.92 , pp. 389-413
    • Buck, R.1
  • 40
    • 0015230515 scopus 로고
    • Physiological role of pleasure
    • Cabanac M. Physiological role of pleasure. Science 17 (1971) 1103-1107
    • (1971) Science , vol.17 , pp. 1103-1107
    • Cabanac, M.1
  • 41
    • 0026603102 scopus 로고
    • Pleasure: the common currency
    • Cabanac M. Pleasure: the common currency. J Theor Biol 155 (1992) 173-200
    • (1992) J Theor Biol , vol.155 , pp. 173-200
    • Cabanac, M.1
  • 43
    • 3042547851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is dopamine required for natural reward?
    • Cannon C.M., and Bseikri M.R. Is dopamine required for natural reward?. Physiol Behav 81 (2004) 741-748
    • (2004) Physiol Behav , vol.81 , pp. 741-748
    • Cannon, C.M.1    Bseikri, M.R.2
  • 44
    • 0642277136 scopus 로고
    • Deprivation stimulus intensity and incentive factors in the control of instrumental responding
    • Capaldi E.D., Viveiros D.M., and Davidson T.L. Deprivation stimulus intensity and incentive factors in the control of instrumental responding. J Exp Psychol Anim B 7 (1981) 140-149
    • (1981) J Exp Psychol Anim B , vol.7 , pp. 140-149
    • Capaldi, E.D.1    Viveiros, D.M.2    Davidson, T.L.3
  • 45
    • 1842734671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural and psychological mechanisms underlying appetitive learning: links to drug addiction
    • Cardinal R.N., and Everitt B.J. Neural and psychological mechanisms underlying appetitive learning: links to drug addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 14 (2004) 156-162
    • (2004) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.14 , pp. 156-162
    • Cardinal, R.N.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 46
    • 0036114221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion and motivation: the role of amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex
    • Cardinal R.N., Parkinson J.A., Hall J., and Everitt B.J. Emotion and motivation: the role of amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 26 (2002) 321-352
    • (2002) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.26 , pp. 321-352
    • Cardinal, R.N.1    Parkinson, J.A.2    Hall, J.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 48
    • 77249177781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histoire de l'écologie comportementale
    • Danchin E., Giraldeau L.-A., and Cézilly F. (Eds), Dunod, Paris
    • Cézilly F. Histoire de l'écologie comportementale. In: Danchin E., Giraldeau L.-A., and Cézilly F. (Eds). Ecologie comportementale (2005), Dunod, Paris 3-26
    • (2005) Ecologie comportementale , pp. 3-26
    • Cézilly, F.1
  • 49
    • 29444440016 scopus 로고
    • Memory and expectancy in delayed discrimination procedures
    • Germezano I., and Wasserman E.A. (Eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsale
    • Chatlosh D.L., and Wasserman E.A. Memory and expectancy in delayed discrimination procedures. In: Germezano I., and Wasserman E.A. (Eds). Learning and memory (1992), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsale 61-79
    • (1992) Learning and memory , pp. 61-79
    • Chatlosh, D.L.1    Wasserman, E.A.2
  • 50
    • 0033615266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective removal of ACh neurons in the basal forebrain alters cued target detection
    • Chiba A.A., Bushnell P.J., Oshiro W.M., and Gallagher M. Selective removal of ACh neurons in the basal forebrain alters cued target detection. Neuroreport 10 (1999) 3119-3123
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 3119-3123
    • Chiba, A.A.1    Bushnell, P.J.2    Oshiro, W.M.3    Gallagher, M.4
  • 51
    • 49249147589 scopus 로고
    • Time-sharing as a mechanism for the control of behaviour sequences during the courtship of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
    • Cohen S., and McFarland D.J. Time-sharing as a mechanism for the control of behaviour sequences during the courtship of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Anim Behav 27 (1979) 270-283
    • (1979) Anim Behav , vol.27 , pp. 270-283
    • Cohen, S.1    McFarland, D.J.2
  • 52
    • 0001405477 scopus 로고
    • Postconditioning devaluation of a reinforcer affects instrumental responding
    • Colwill R.M., and Rescorla R.A. Postconditioning devaluation of a reinforcer affects instrumental responding. J Exp Psychol Anim B 11 (1985) 120-132
    • (1985) J Exp Psychol Anim B , vol.11 , pp. 120-132
    • Colwill, R.M.1    Rescorla, R.A.2
  • 53
    • 77957069570 scopus 로고
    • Associative structures in instrumental learning
    • Bower G.H. (Ed), Academic Press, Orlando, FL
    • Colwill R.M., and Rescorla R.A. Associative structures in instrumental learning. In: Bower G.H. (Ed). The psychology of learning and motivation (1986), Academic Press, Orlando, FL 55-104
    • (1986) The psychology of learning and motivation , pp. 55-104
    • Colwill, R.M.1    Rescorla, R.A.2
  • 54
    • 0037258115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of environmental resources to domestic hens: a comparison of the work-rate for food and for nests as a function of time
    • Cooper J.J., and Appleby M.C. The value of environmental resources to domestic hens: a comparison of the work-rate for food and for nests as a function of time. Anim Welfare 12 (2003) 39-52
    • (2003) Anim Welfare , vol.12 , pp. 39-52
    • Cooper, J.J.1    Appleby, M.C.2
  • 55
    • 0344393788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of prelimbic cortex in instrumental conditioning
    • Corbit L.H., and Balleine B.W. The role of prelimbic cortex in instrumental conditioning. Behav Brain Res 146 (2003) 145-157
    • (2003) Behav Brain Res , vol.146 , pp. 145-157
    • Corbit, L.H.1    Balleine, B.W.2
  • 56
    • 0141502087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesions of mediodorsal thalamus and anterior
    • Corbit L.H., Muir J.L., and Balleine B.W. Lesions of mediodorsal thalamus and anterior. J Neurosci 18 (2003) 1286-1294
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 1286-1294
    • Corbit, L.H.1    Muir, J.L.2    Balleine, B.W.3
  • 57
    • 0025354563 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cholecystokinin, d-amphetamine, and fenfluramine in rats trained to discriminate 3 from 22 h of food deprivation
    • Corwin R.L., Woolverton W.L., and Schuster C.R. Effects of cholecystokinin, d-amphetamine, and fenfluramine in rats trained to discriminate 3 from 22 h of food deprivation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 253 (1990) 720-728
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.253 , pp. 720-728
    • Corwin, R.L.1    Woolverton, W.L.2    Schuster, C.R.3
  • 58
    • 0036342685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wheel-running attenuates intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats: sex differences
    • Cosgrove K.P., Hunter R.G., and Carroll M.E. Wheel-running attenuates intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats: sex differences. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 73 (2002) 663-671
    • (2002) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.73 , pp. 663-671
    • Cosgrove, K.P.1    Hunter, R.G.2    Carroll, M.E.3
  • 59
    • 0027967871 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological characterization of performance on a concurrent lever pressing/choice procedure: effects of dopamine antagonist, cholinomimetic, sedative and stimulant drugs
    • Cousins M.S., Wei W., and Salamone J.D. Pharmacological characterization of performance on a concurrent lever pressing/choice procedure: effects of dopamine antagonist, cholinomimetic, sedative and stimulant drugs. Psychopharmacology 116 (1994) 529-537
    • (1994) Psychopharmacology , vol.116 , pp. 529-537
    • Cousins, M.S.1    Wei, W.2    Salamone, J.D.3
  • 60
    • 0024921521 scopus 로고
    • Motivational models of courtship in male threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
    • Crawford S.S., and Colgan P.W. Motivational models of courtship in male threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Behaviour 109 (1989) 285-302
    • (1989) Behaviour , vol.109 , pp. 285-302
    • Crawford, S.S.1    Colgan, P.W.2
  • 61
    • 0001917785 scopus 로고
    • The imminence of behavioural change and startle responses of chicks
    • Culshaw A.D., and Broom D.M. The imminence of behavioural change and startle responses of chicks. Behaviour 73 (1980) 64-76
    • (1980) Behaviour , vol.73 , pp. 64-76
    • Culshaw, A.D.1    Broom, D.M.2
  • 62
    • 0023192721 scopus 로고
    • Learning about deprivation intensity stimuli
    • Davidson T.L. Learning about deprivation intensity stimuli. Behav Neurosci 101 (1987) 198-208
    • (1987) Behav Neurosci , vol.101 , pp. 198-208
    • Davidson, T.L.1
  • 63
    • 0027672096 scopus 로고
    • The nature and function of interoceptive signals to feed: toward integration of physiological and learning perspectives
    • Davidson T.L. The nature and function of interoceptive signals to feed: toward integration of physiological and learning perspectives. Psychol Rev 100 (1993) 640-657
    • (1993) Psychol Rev , vol.100 , pp. 640-657
    • Davidson, T.L.1
  • 64
    • 0026621185 scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic regulation of cortical acetylcholine release
    • Day J.C., and Fibiger H.C. Dopaminergic regulation of cortical acetylcholine release. Synapse 12 (1992) 281-286
    • (1992) Synapse , vol.12 , pp. 281-286
    • Day, J.C.1    Fibiger, H.C.2
  • 66
    • 0033061121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of medial and lateral caudate-putamen lesions on place- and cue-guided behaviors in the water maze: relation to thigmotaxis
    • Devan B.D., McDonald R.J., and White N.M. Effects of medial and lateral caudate-putamen lesions on place- and cue-guided behaviors in the water maze: relation to thigmotaxis. Behav Brain Res 100 (1999) 5-14
    • (1999) Behav Brain Res , vol.100 , pp. 5-14
    • Devan, B.D.1    McDonald, R.J.2    White, N.M.3
  • 67
    • 0025295525 scopus 로고
    • Activation of the noradrenergic system facilitates an attentional shift in the rat
    • Devauges V., and Sara S.J. Activation of the noradrenergic system facilitates an attentional shift in the rat. Behav Brain Res 39 (1990) 19-28
    • (1990) Behav Brain Res , vol.39 , pp. 19-28
    • Devauges, V.1    Sara, S.J.2
  • 68
    • 0029023535 scopus 로고
    • The role of dopamine in drug abuse viewed from the perspective of its role in motivation
    • Di Chiara G. The role of dopamine in drug abuse viewed from the perspective of its role in motivation. Drug Alcohol Depend 38 (1995) 95-137
    • (1995) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.38 , pp. 95-137
    • Di Chiara, G.1
  • 69
    • 0037010770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleus accumbens shell and core dopamine: differential role in behavior and addiction
    • Di Chiara G. Nucleus accumbens shell and core dopamine: differential role in behavior and addiction. Behav Brain Res 137 (2002) 75-114
    • (2002) Behav Brain Res , vol.137 , pp. 75-114
    • Di Chiara, G.1
  • 70
    • 0001085187 scopus 로고
    • Motivational control of instrumental performance: the role of prior experience of the reinforcer
    • Dickinson A., and Dawson G.R. Motivational control of instrumental performance: the role of prior experience of the reinforcer. Q J Exp Psychol B 40 (1988) 113-134
    • (1988) Q J Exp Psychol B , vol.40 , pp. 113-134
    • Dickinson, A.1    Dawson, G.R.2
  • 71
    • 0025515888 scopus 로고
    • Motivational control of instrumental performance following a shift from thirst to hunger
    • Dickinson A., and Balleine B. Motivational control of instrumental performance following a shift from thirst to hunger. Q J Exp Psychol B 42 (1990) 413-431
    • (1990) Q J Exp Psychol B , vol.42 , pp. 413-431
    • Dickinson, A.1    Balleine, B.2
  • 72
    • 0028006389 scopus 로고
    • Motivational control of goal-directed action
    • Dickinson A., and Balleine B. Motivational control of goal-directed action. Anim Learn Behav 22 (1994) 1-18
    • (1994) Anim Learn Behav , vol.22 , pp. 1-18
    • Dickinson, A.1    Balleine, B.2
  • 73
    • 0001860705 scopus 로고
    • The effect of the instrumental training contingency on susceptibility to reinforcer devaluation
    • Dickinson A., Nicholas D.J., and Adams C.D. The effect of the instrumental training contingency on susceptibility to reinforcer devaluation. Q J Exp Psychol B 35 (1983) 35-51
    • (1983) Q J Exp Psychol B , vol.35 , pp. 35-51
    • Dickinson, A.1    Nicholas, D.J.2    Adams, C.D.3
  • 74
    • 0033913868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of Pavlovian and instrumental incentive learning under dopamine antagonists
    • Dickinson A., Smith J., and Mirenowicz J. Dissociation of Pavlovian and instrumental incentive learning under dopamine antagonists. Behav Neurosci 114 (2000) 468-483
    • (2000) Behav Neurosci , vol.114 , pp. 468-483
    • Dickinson, A.1    Smith, J.2    Mirenowicz, J.3
  • 75
    • 0035091899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limited attention: the constraint underlying search image
    • Dukas R., and Kamil A.C. Limited attention: the constraint underlying search image. Behav Ecol 12 (2001) 192-199
    • (2001) Behav Ecol , vol.12 , pp. 192-199
    • Dukas, R.1    Kamil, A.C.2
  • 76
    • 0002761553 scopus 로고
    • The concept of energy mobilization
    • Duffy E. The concept of energy mobilization. Psychol Rev 58 (1951) 30-40
    • (1951) Psychol Rev , vol.58 , pp. 30-40
    • Duffy, E.1
  • 77
    • 0032563002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of dopamine D1 receptor gene expression attenuates alcohol-seeking behavior
    • El-Ghundi M., George S.R., Drago J., Fletcher P.J., Fan T., Nguyen T., et al. Disruption of dopamine D1 receptor gene expression attenuates alcohol-seeking behavior. Eur J Pharmacol 353 (1998) 149-158
    • (1998) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.353 , pp. 149-158
    • El-Ghundi, M.1    George, S.R.2    Drago, J.3    Fletcher, P.J.4    Fan, T.5    Nguyen, T.6
  • 78
    • 0038809077 scopus 로고
    • Instinct and motivation as explanations for complex behavior
    • Pfaff D.W. (Ed), Spinger-Verlag, New York
    • Epstein A.N. Instinct and motivation as explanations for complex behavior. In: Pfaff D.W. (Ed). The physiological mechanisms of motivation (1982), Spinger-Verlag, New York 25-58
    • (1982) The physiological mechanisms of motivation , pp. 25-58
    • Epstein, A.N.1
  • 79
    • 0001167474 scopus 로고
    • Arousal systems and attention
    • Gazzaniga M.S. (Ed), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
    • Everitt B.J., and Robbins T.W. Arousal systems and attention. In: Gazzaniga M.S. (Ed). The cognitive neurosciences (1994), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 703-720
    • (1994) The cognitive neurosciences , pp. 703-720
    • Everitt, B.J.1    Robbins, T.W.2
  • 80
    • 27644454882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion
    • Everitt B.J., and Robbins T.W. Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion. Nature Neurosci 11 (2005) 1481-1489
    • (2005) Nature Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1481-1489
    • Everitt, B.J.1    Robbins, T.W.2
  • 81
    • 0037459319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neurons
    • Fiorillo C.D., Tobler P.N., and Schultz W. Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neurons. Science 299 (2003) 1898-1902
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 1898-1902
    • Fiorillo, C.D.1    Tobler, P.N.2    Schultz, W.3
  • 82
    • 0035880290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D1, NMDA receptors mediate potentiation of basolateral amygdala-evoked firing of nucleus accumbens neurons
    • Floresco S.B., Blaha C.D., Yang C.R., and Phillips A.G. Dopamine D1, NMDA receptors mediate potentiation of basolateral amygdala-evoked firing of nucleus accumbens neurons. J Neurosci 21 (2001) 6370-6376
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 6370-6376
    • Floresco, S.B.1    Blaha, C.D.2    Yang, C.R.3    Phillips, A.G.4
  • 83
    • 0030423828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The foraging behaviour of Mongolian gerbils: a behavioural need or a need to know?
    • Forkman B. The foraging behaviour of Mongolian gerbils: a behavioural need or a need to know?. Behaviour 133 (1996) 129-143
    • (1996) Behaviour , vol.133 , pp. 129-143
    • Forkman, B.1
  • 84
    • 0038689140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug craving and addiction: integrating psychological and neuropsychopharmacological approaches
    • Franken I.H.A. Drug craving and addiction: integrating psychological and neuropsychopharmacological approaches. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 27 (2003) 563-579
    • (2003) Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.27 , pp. 563-579
    • Franken, I.H.A.1
  • 86
    • 0031487161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction between pre-laying behaviour and feeding in hens: implication for motivation
    • Freire R., Appleby M.C., and Hugues B.O. The interaction between pre-laying behaviour and feeding in hens: implication for motivation. Behaviour 134 (1997) 1019-1030
    • (1997) Behaviour , vol.134 , pp. 1019-1030
    • Freire, R.1    Appleby, M.C.2    Hugues, B.O.3
  • 87
    • 12344256768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, and dorsal hippocampus in contextual reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats
    • Fuchs R.A., Evans K.A., Ledford C.C., Parker M.P., Case J.M., Metha R.H., et al. The role of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, and dorsal hippocampus in contextual reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 30 (2005) 296-309
    • (2005) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.30 , pp. 296-309
    • Fuchs, R.A.1    Evans, K.A.2    Ledford, C.C.3    Parker, M.P.4    Case, J.M.5    Metha, R.H.6
  • 88
    • 0037471530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditioning from an information processing perspective
    • Gallistel C.R. Conditioning from an information processing perspective. Behav Process 62 (2003) 89-101
    • (2003) Behav Process , vol.62 , pp. 89-101
    • Gallistel, C.R.1
  • 89
    • 0034169238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time, rate, and conditioning
    • Gallistel C.R., and Gibbon J. Time, rate, and conditioning. Psychol Rev 107 (2000) 289-344
    • (2000) Psychol Rev , vol.107 , pp. 289-344
    • Gallistel, C.R.1    Gibbon, J.2
  • 90
    • 0032030890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism by abecarnil of enhanced acetylcholine release in the rat brain during anticipation but not consumption of food
    • Ghiani C.A., Dazzi L., Maciocco E., Flore G., Maira G., and Biggo G. Antagonism by abecarnil of enhanced acetylcholine release in the rat brain during anticipation but not consumption of food. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59 (1998) 657-662
    • (1998) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.59 , pp. 657-662
    • Ghiani, C.A.1    Dazzi, L.2    Maciocco, E.3    Flore, G.4    Maira, G.5    Biggo, G.6
  • 91
    • 33645489775 scopus 로고
    • Sexual and maternal behaviour at the postpartum oestrus: the role of experience in time-sharing
    • Gilbert A.V., Pelchat R.J., and Adler N.T. Sexual and maternal behaviour at the postpartum oestrus: the role of experience in time-sharing. Anim Behav 32 (1984) 1045-1053
    • (1984) Anim Behav , vol.32 , pp. 1045-1053
    • Gilbert, A.V.1    Pelchat, R.J.2    Adler, N.T.3
  • 92
    • 0030274196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of female preference after exposure to a predator in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata
    • Gong A., and Gibson R.M. Reversal of female preference after exposure to a predator in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Anim Behav 52 (1996) 1007-1015
    • (1996) Anim Behav , vol.52 , pp. 1007-1015
    • Gong, A.1    Gibson, R.M.2
  • 93
    • 0033842481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tonic/phasic model of dopamine system regulation and its implications for understanding alcohol and psychostimulant craving
    • Grace A.A. The tonic/phasic model of dopamine system regulation and its implications for understanding alcohol and psychostimulant craving. Addiction 95 (2000) S119-S128
    • (2000) Addiction , vol.95
    • Grace, A.A.1
  • 94
    • 0028366149 scopus 로고
    • Drug- and behavior-associated changes in dopamine-related electrochemical signals during intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats
    • Gratton A., and Wise R.A. Drug- and behavior-associated changes in dopamine-related electrochemical signals during intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats. J Neurosci 14 (1994) 4130-4146
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 4130-4146
    • Gratton, A.1    Wise, R.A.2
  • 96
    • 84980210366 scopus 로고
    • The effects of contingencies upon appetitive conditioning of free-operant behavior
    • Hammond L.J. The effects of contingencies upon appetitive conditioning of free-operant behavior. J Exp Anal Behav 34 (1980) 297-304
    • (1980) J Exp Anal Behav , vol.34 , pp. 297-304
    • Hammond, L.J.1
  • 97
    • 0032977242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced dopamine efflux in the amygdala by a predictive, but not by a non-predictive, stimulus: facilitation by prior repeated d-amphetamine
    • Harmer C.J., and Phillips G.D. Enhanced dopamine efflux in the amygdala by a predictive, but not by a non-predictive, stimulus: facilitation by prior repeated d-amphetamine. Neuroscience 90 (1999) 119-130
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.90 , pp. 119-130
    • Harmer, C.J.1    Phillips, G.D.2
  • 98
    • 0029758993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxic lesions of basolateral, but not central, amygdala interfere with Pavlovian second-order conditioning and reinforcer devaluation effects
    • Hatfield T., Hans J.S., Conley M., Gallagher M., and Holland P. Neurotoxic lesions of basolateral, but not central, amygdala interfere with Pavlovian second-order conditioning and reinforcer devaluation effects. J Neurosci 16 (1996) 5256-5265
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5256-5265
    • Hatfield, T.1    Hans, J.S.2    Conley, M.3    Gallagher, M.4    Holland, P.5
  • 99
    • 0023946717 scopus 로고
    • Food reward and cocaine increase extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens as measured by microdialysis
    • Hernandez L., and Hoebel B.G. Food reward and cocaine increase extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens as measured by microdialysis. Life Sci 42 (1988) 1705-1712
    • (1988) Life Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1705-1712
    • Hernandez, L.1    Hoebel, B.G.2
  • 100
    • 0034610506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intra-accumbens infusions of amphetamine or cis-flupenthixol on sustained attention performance in rats
    • Himmelheber A.M., Bruno J.P., and Sarter M. Effects of intra-accumbens infusions of amphetamine or cis-flupenthixol on sustained attention performance in rats. Behav Brain Res 116 (2000) 123-133
    • (2000) Behav Brain Res , vol.116 , pp. 123-133
    • Himmelheber, A.M.1    Bruno, J.P.2    Sarter, M.3
  • 101
    • 31444434068 scopus 로고
    • Unitary drives
    • Hinde R.A. Unitary drives. Br J Anim Behav 1 (1959) 130-141
    • (1959) Br J Anim Behav , vol.1 , pp. 130-141
    • Hinde, R.A.1
  • 102
    • 0043139738 scopus 로고
    • Energy models of motivation
    • Hinde R.A. Energy models of motivation. Sym Soc Exp Biol 14 (1960) 199-213
    • (1960) Sym Soc Exp Biol , vol.14 , pp. 199-213
    • Hinde, R.A.1
  • 103
    • 0023299745 scopus 로고
    • Characterizing attentional resources
    • Hirst W., and Kalmar D. Characterizing attentional resources. J Exp Psychol Gen 116 (1987) 68-81
    • (1987) J Exp Psychol Gen , vol.116 , pp. 68-81
    • Hirst, W.1    Kalmar, D.2
  • 104
    • 0034705660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal glutamate release during novelty exposure-induced hyperactivity in olfactory bulbectomized rats
    • Ho Y.-J., Chang Y.-C., Liu T.-M., Tai M.-Y., Wong C.-S., and Tsai Y.-F. Striatal glutamate release during novelty exposure-induced hyperactivity in olfactory bulbectomized rats. Neurosci Lett 287 (2000) 117-120
    • (2000) Neurosci Lett , vol.287 , pp. 117-120
    • Ho, Y.-J.1    Chang, Y.-C.2    Liu, T.-M.3    Tai, M.-Y.4    Wong, C.-S.5    Tsai, Y.-F.6
  • 105
    • 0024903762 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of incubation and feeding in broody junglefowl hens
    • Hogan J.A. The interaction of incubation and feeding in broody junglefowl hens. Anim Behav 38 (1989) 121-128
    • (1989) Anim Behav , vol.38 , pp. 121-128
    • Hogan, J.A.1
  • 106
    • 0031020983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy models of motivation: a reconsideration
    • Hogan J.A. Energy models of motivation: a reconsideration. Appl Anim Behav Sci 53 (1997) 89-105
    • (1997) Appl Anim Behav Sci , vol.53 , pp. 89-105
    • Hogan, J.A.1
  • 107
    • 77957054569 scopus 로고
    • Occasion setting in Pavlovian conditioning
    • Medin D.L. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Holland P.C. Occasion setting in Pavlovian conditioning. In: Medin D.L. (Ed). The psychology of learning and motivation vol. 28 (1992), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 69-125
    • (1992) The psychology of learning and motivation , vol.28 , pp. 69-125
    • Holland, P.C.1
  • 108
    • 0034061668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesolimbocortical and nigrostriatal dopamine responses to salient non-reward events
    • Horvitz J.C. Mesolimbocortical and nigrostriatal dopamine responses to salient non-reward events. Neuroscience 96 (2000) 651-656
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.96 , pp. 651-656
    • Horvitz, J.C.1
  • 109
    • 61349149920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulus-response and response-outcome learning mechanisms in the striatum
    • Horvitz J.C. Stimulus-response and response-outcome learning mechanisms in the striatum. Behav Brain Res 199 (2009) 129-140
    • (2009) Behav Brain Res , vol.199 , pp. 129-140
    • Horvitz, J.C.1
  • 110
    • 34249746318 scopus 로고
    • Transitions and time-sharing
    • Houston A.I. Transitions and time-sharing. Anim Behav 30 (1982) 615-625
    • (1982) Anim Behav , vol.30 , pp. 615-625
    • Houston, A.I.1
  • 111
    • 0036469843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate receptor-dependent modulation of dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens by basolateral, but not central, nucleus of the amygdala in rats
    • Howland J.G., Taepavarapruk P., and Phillips A.G. Glutamate receptor-dependent modulation of dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens by basolateral, but not central, nucleus of the amygdala in rats. J Neurosci 22 (2002) 1137-1145
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 1137-1145
    • Howland, J.G.1    Taepavarapruk, P.2    Phillips, A.G.3
  • 112
    • 58149369040 scopus 로고
    • The notion of ethological 'need,' models of motivation and animal welfare
    • Hughes B.O., and Duncan I.J.H. The notion of ethological 'need,' models of motivation and animal welfare. Anim Behav 36 (1988) 1696-1707
    • (1988) Anim Behav , vol.36 , pp. 1696-1707
    • Hughes, B.O.1    Duncan, I.J.H.2
  • 114
    • 0035098988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of nucleus accumbens core and shell lesions on intravenous heroin self-administration and the acquisition of drug-seeking behaviour under a second order schedule of heroin reinforcement
    • Hutcheson D.M., Parkinson J.A., Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. The effects of nucleus accumbens core and shell lesions on intravenous heroin self-administration and the acquisition of drug-seeking behaviour under a second order schedule of heroin reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 153 (2001) 464-472
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology , vol.153 , pp. 464-472
    • Hutcheson, D.M.1    Parkinson, J.A.2    Robbins, T.W.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 115
    • 0029865058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociations between appetitive and consummatory responses by pharmacological manipulations of reward-relevant brain regions
    • Ikemoto S., and Panksepp J. Dissociations between appetitive and consummatory responses by pharmacological manipulations of reward-relevant brain regions. Behav Neurosci 110 (1996) 331-345
    • (1996) Behav Neurosci , vol.110 , pp. 331-345
    • Ikemoto, S.1    Panksepp, J.2
  • 116
    • 0033461157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in motivated behavior: a unifying interpretation with special reference to reward-seeking
    • Ikemoto S., and Panksepp J. The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in motivated behavior: a unifying interpretation with special reference to reward-seeking. Brain Res Rev 31 (1999) 6-41
    • (1999) Brain Res Rev , vol.31 , pp. 6-41
    • Ikemoto, S.1    Panksepp, J.2
  • 117
    • 0028036501 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced acetylcholine release in hippocampus and cortex during the anticipation and consumption of a palatable meal
    • Inglis F.M., Day J.C., and Fibiger H.C. Enhanced acetylcholine release in hippocampus and cortex during the anticipation and consumption of a palatable meal. Neuroscience 62 (1994) 1049-1056
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.62 , pp. 1049-1056
    • Inglis, F.M.1    Day, J.C.2    Fibiger, H.C.3
  • 118
    • 0014837922 scopus 로고
    • The thermoregulatory behavior of young pigs in a natural environment
    • Ingram D.L., and Legge K.F. The thermoregulatory behavior of young pigs in a natural environment. Physiol Behav 5 (1970) 981-987
    • (1970) Physiol Behav , vol.5 , pp. 981-987
    • Ingram, D.L.1    Legge, K.F.2
  • 119
    • 0037101647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine release in the dorsal striatum during cocaine-seeking behaviour under the control of a drug-associated cue
    • Ito R., Dalley J.W., Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. Dopamine release in the dorsal striatum during cocaine-seeking behaviour under the control of a drug-associated cue. J Neurosci 22 (2002) 6247-6253
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 6247-6253
    • Ito, R.1    Dalley, J.W.2    Robbins, T.W.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 120
    • 0026010619 scopus 로고
    • Basal forebrain lesions alter stimulus-evoked metabolic activity in rat somatosensory cortex
    • Jacobs S.E., Code R.A., and Juliano S.L. Basal forebrain lesions alter stimulus-evoked metabolic activity in rat somatosensory cortex. Brain Res 560 (1991) 342-345
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.560 , pp. 342-345
    • Jacobs, S.E.1    Code, R.A.2    Juliano, S.L.3
  • 121
    • 0035863201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amygdala regulation of nucleus accumbens dopamine output is governed by the prefrontal cortex
    • Jackson M.E., and Moghaddam B. Amygdala regulation of nucleus accumbens dopamine output is governed by the prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci 21 (2001) 676-681
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 676-681
    • Jackson, M.E.1    Moghaddam, B.2
  • 122
    • 0027963295 scopus 로고
    • Input from the amygdala to the rat nucleus accumbens: its relationship with tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and identified neurons
    • Johnson L.R., Aylward R.L.M., Hussain Z., and Totterdell S. Input from the amygdala to the rat nucleus accumbens: its relationship with tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity and identified neurons. Neuroscience 61 (1994) 851-865
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.61 , pp. 851-865
    • Johnson, L.R.1    Aylward, R.L.M.2    Hussain, Z.3    Totterdell, S.4
  • 123
    • 6944220711 scopus 로고
    • Introduction
    • Jones M.R. (Ed), University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln
    • Jones M.R. Introduction. In: Jones M.R. (Ed). Nebraska symposium on motivation (1955), University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln vii
    • (1955) Nebraska symposium on motivation
    • Jones, M.R.1
  • 124
    • 0028923275 scopus 로고
    • Selective activation of dopamine transmission in the shell of the nucleus accumbens by stress
    • Kalivas P.W., and Duffy P. Selective activation of dopamine transmission in the shell of the nucleus accumbens by stress. Brain Res 675 (1995) 325-328
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.675 , pp. 325-328
    • Kalivas, P.W.1    Duffy, P.2
  • 125
    • 0026049531 scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms of cortical acetylcholine release as measured by in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats
    • Kametani H., and Kawamura H. Circadian rhythms of cortical acetylcholine release as measured by in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats. Neurosci Lett 132 (1991) 263-266
    • (1991) Neurosci Lett , vol.132 , pp. 263-266
    • Kametani, H.1    Kawamura, H.2
  • 126
    • 0002981963 scopus 로고
    • Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning
    • Campbell B.A., and Church R.M. (Eds), Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York
    • Kamin L.J. Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning. In: Campbell B.A., and Church R.M. (Eds). Punishment and aversive behavior (1969), Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York 276-296
    • (1969) Punishment and aversive behavior , pp. 276-296
    • Kamin, L.J.1
  • 127
    • 0032152895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D1 and D2 dopamine receptor mediation of amphetamine-induced acetylcholine release in nucleus accumbens
    • Keys A.S., and Mark G.P. D1 and D2 dopamine receptor mediation of amphetamine-induced acetylcholine release in nucleus accumbens. Neuroscience 86 (1998) 521-531
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.86 , pp. 521-531
    • Keys, A.S.1    Mark, G.P.2
  • 128
    • 0027174388 scopus 로고
    • Drug- and behavior-associated changes in dopamine-related electrochemical signals during intravenous heroin self-administration in rats
    • Kiyatkin E.A., Wise R.A., and Gratton A. Drug- and behavior-associated changes in dopamine-related electrochemical signals during intravenous heroin self-administration in rats. Synapse 14 (1993) 60-72
    • (1993) Synapse , vol.14 , pp. 60-72
    • Kiyatkin, E.A.1    Wise, R.A.2    Gratton, A.3
  • 130
    • 0035199891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis
    • Koob G.F., and Le Moal M. Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis. Neuropsychopharmacology 24 (2001) 97-129
    • (2001) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.24 , pp. 97-129
    • Koob, G.F.1    Le Moal, M.2
  • 131
    • 0028090558 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral associations of neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area of the rat
    • Kosobud A.E., Harris G.C., and Chapin J.K. Behavioral associations of neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area of the rat. J Neurosci 14 (1994) 7117-7129
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 7117-7129
    • Kosobud, A.E.1    Harris, G.C.2    Chapin, J.K.3
  • 132
    • 0037204077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feature-based anticipation of cues that predict reward in monkey caudate nucleus
    • Lauwereyns J., Takikawa Y., Kawagoe R., Kobayashi S., Koizumi M., Coe B., et al. Feature-based anticipation of cues that predict reward in monkey caudate nucleus. Neuron 33 (2002) 463-473
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.33 , pp. 463-473
    • Lauwereyns, J.1    Takikawa, Y.2    Kawagoe, R.3    Kobayashi, S.4    Koizumi, M.5    Coe, B.6
  • 133
    • 0032974618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention and timing: dual-task performance in pigeons
    • Lejeune H., Macar F., and Zakay D. Attention and timing: dual-task performance in pigeons. Behav Process 45 (1999) 141-157
    • (1999) Behav Process , vol.45 , pp. 141-157
    • Lejeune, H.1    Macar, F.2    Zakay, D.3
  • 134
    • 0021534682 scopus 로고
    • The "feed:drink" decision
    • Lester N.P. The "feed:drink" decision. Behaviour 89 (1984) 200-219
    • (1984) Behaviour , vol.89 , pp. 200-219
    • Lester, N.P.1
  • 135
    • 0036897933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: a PET/[11C]raclopride study in healthy men
    • Leyton M., Boileau I., Benkelfat C., Diksic M., Baker G., and Dagher A. Amphetamine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine, drug wanting, and novelty seeking: a PET/[11C]raclopride study in healthy men. Neuropsychopharmacology 27 (2002) 1027-1035
    • (2002) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 1027-1035
    • Leyton, M.1    Boileau, I.2    Benkelfat, C.3    Diksic, M.4    Baker, G.5    Dagher, A.6
  • 136
    • 0025098770 scopus 로고
    • Differential attenuation of water intake and water-rewarded operant responding by repeated administration of haloperidol and SCH 23390 in the rat
    • Ljungberg T. Differential attenuation of water intake and water-rewarded operant responding by repeated administration of haloperidol and SCH 23390 in the rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 35 (1990) 111-115
    • (1990) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.35 , pp. 111-115
    • Ljungberg, T.1
  • 137
    • 0026505520 scopus 로고
    • Responses of monkey dopamine neurons during learning of behavioral reactions
    • Ljungberg T., Apicella P., and Schultz W. Responses of monkey dopamine neurons during learning of behavioral reactions. J Neurophysiol 67 (1992) 145-163
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.67 , pp. 145-163
    • Ljungberg, T.1    Apicella, P.2    Schultz, W.3
  • 138
    • 17944397657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of instrumental responses to an upshift in water deprivation
    • Lopez M., and Paredes-Olay C. Sensitivity of instrumental responses to an upshift in water deprivation. Anim Learn Behav 27 (1999) 280-287
    • (1999) Anim Learn Behav , vol.27 , pp. 280-287
    • Lopez, M.1    Paredes-Olay, C.2
  • 139
    • 0001767459 scopus 로고
    • The comparative method in studying innate behaviour patterns
    • Lorenz K. The comparative method in studying innate behaviour patterns. Sym Soc Exp Biol 4 (1950) 221-268
    • (1950) Sym Soc Exp Biol , vol.4 , pp. 221-268
    • Lorenz, K.1
  • 140
    • 0001268477 scopus 로고
    • The behaviour of an animal model
    • Ludlow A.R. The behaviour of an animal model. Behaviour 58 (1976) 131-172
    • (1976) Behaviour , vol.58 , pp. 131-172
    • Ludlow, A.R.1
  • 141
    • 33646247400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capture and mass change: perceived predation risk or interrupted foraging?
    • MacLeod R., and Gosler A.G. Capture and mass change: perceived predation risk or interrupted foraging?. Anim Behav 71 (2006) 1081-1087
    • (2006) Anim Behav , vol.71 , pp. 1081-1087
    • MacLeod, R.1    Gosler, A.G.2
  • 142
    • 0015598211 scopus 로고
    • Shared attention in pigeons
    • Maki W.S., and Leith C.R. Shared attention in pigeons. J Exp Anal Behav 19 (1973) 345-349
    • (1973) J Exp Anal Behav , vol.19 , pp. 345-349
    • Maki, W.S.1    Leith, C.R.2
  • 143
    • 0003130768 scopus 로고
    • Behavior of range cows in response to winter weather
    • Malechek J.C., and Smith B.S. Behavior of range cows in response to winter weather. J Range Manage 29 (1976) 9-12
    • (1976) J Range Manage , vol.29 , pp. 9-12
    • Malechek, J.C.1    Smith, B.S.2
  • 144
    • 0028843619 scopus 로고
    • Microdialysis measurement of cortical and hippocampal acetylcholine release during sleep-wake cycle in freely moving cats
    • Marrosu F., Portas C., Mascia M.S., Casu M.A., Fa M., Giagheddu M., et al. Microdialysis measurement of cortical and hippocampal acetylcholine release during sleep-wake cycle in freely moving cats. Brain Res 671 (1995) 329-332
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.671 , pp. 329-332
    • Marrosu, F.1    Portas, C.2    Mascia, M.S.3    Casu, M.A.4    Fa, M.5    Giagheddu, M.6
  • 145
    • 0029980636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesolimbic dopaminergic system activity as a function of food reward: a microdialysis study
    • Martel P., and Fantino M. Mesolimbic dopaminergic system activity as a function of food reward: a microdialysis study. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 53 (1996) 221-226
    • (1996) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.53 , pp. 221-226
    • Martel, P.1    Fantino, M.2
  • 146
    • 0014638440 scopus 로고
    • Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence
    • Meltzer B., and Michie D. (Eds), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, Scotland
    • McCarthy J., and Hayes P.J. Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence. In: Meltzer B., and Michie D. (Eds). Machine intelligence vol. 4 (1969), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, Scotland 463-502
    • (1969) Machine intelligence , vol.4 , pp. 463-502
    • McCarthy, J.1    Hayes, P.J.2
  • 147
    • 0026466064 scopus 로고
    • Anxiogenic drugs beta-CCE and FG 7142 increase extracellular dopamine levels in nucleus accumbens
    • McCullough L.D., and Salamone J.D. Anxiogenic drugs beta-CCE and FG 7142 increase extracellular dopamine levels in nucleus accumbens. Psychopharmacology 109 (1992) 379-382
    • (1992) Psychopharmacology , vol.109 , pp. 379-382
    • McCullough, L.D.1    Salamone, J.D.2
  • 148
    • 0030004870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral vigilance following infusions of 192 IgG-saporin into the basal forebrain: selectivity of the behavioral impairment and relation to cortical to AChE-positive fiber density
    • McGaughy J., Kaiser T., and Sarter M. Behavioral vigilance following infusions of 192 IgG-saporin into the basal forebrain: selectivity of the behavioral impairment and relation to cortical to AChE-positive fiber density. Behav Neurosci 110 (1996) 247-265
    • (1996) Behav Neurosci , vol.110 , pp. 247-265
    • McGaughy, J.1    Kaiser, T.2    Sarter, M.3
  • 149
    • 77249140747 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation of motivational state
    • McFarland D. (Ed), Academic Press, London
    • McFarland D.J. Experimental investigation of motivational state. In: McFarland D. (Ed). Motivational control system analysis (1974), Academic Press, London 251-282
    • (1974) Motivational control system analysis , pp. 251-282
    • McFarland, D.J.1
  • 151
    • 0029610497 scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol differentially affects reinforcement and motivational processes in rats running an alley for intravenous heroin
    • McFarland K., and Ettenberg A. Haloperidol differentially affects reinforcement and motivational processes in rats running an alley for intravenous heroin. Psychopharmacology 122 (1995) 346-350
    • (1995) Psychopharmacology , vol.122 , pp. 346-350
    • McFarland, K.1    Ettenberg, A.2
  • 152
    • 0031860720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol does not affect motivational processes in an operant runaway model of food-seeking behavior
    • McFarland K., and Ettenberg A. Haloperidol does not affect motivational processes in an operant runaway model of food-seeking behavior. Behav Neurosci 112 (1998) 630-635
    • (1998) Behav Neurosci , vol.112 , pp. 630-635
    • McFarland, K.1    Ettenberg, A.2
  • 154
    • 0020658005 scopus 로고
    • Coping and stress-induced potentiation of stimulant stereotypy in the rat
    • McLennan A.J., and Maier S.F. Coping and stress-induced potentiation of stimulant stereotypy in the rat. Science 219 (1983) 1091-1093
    • (1983) Science , vol.219 , pp. 1091-1093
    • McLennan, A.J.1    Maier, S.F.2
  • 155
    • 0027314462 scopus 로고
    • Nucleus basalis stimulation facilitates thalamocortical synaptic transmission in the rat auditory cortex
    • Metherate R., and Ashe J.H. Nucleus basalis stimulation facilitates thalamocortical synaptic transmission in the rat auditory cortex. Synapse 14 (1993) 132-143
    • (1993) Synapse , vol.14 , pp. 132-143
    • Metherate, R.1    Ashe, J.H.2
  • 156
    • 0025615658 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine modifies neuronal acoustic rate-level functions in guinea pig auditory cortex by an action at muscarinic receptors
    • Metherate R., Ashe J.H., and Weinberger N.M. Acetylcholine modifies neuronal acoustic rate-level functions in guinea pig auditory cortex by an action at muscarinic receptors. Synapse 6 (1990) 364-368
    • (1990) Synapse , vol.6 , pp. 364-368
    • Metherate, R.1    Ashe, J.H.2    Weinberger, N.M.3
  • 157
    • 0000962363 scopus 로고
    • Reward effects of food via stomach fistula compared with those of food via mouth
    • Miller N.E., and Kessen M.L. Reward effects of food via stomach fistula compared with those of food via mouth. J Comp Physiol Psych 45 (1952) 555-564
    • (1952) J Comp Physiol Psych , vol.45 , pp. 555-564
    • Miller, N.E.1    Kessen, M.L.2
  • 158
    • 0030294556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
    • Mink J.W. The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. Prog Neurobiol 50 (1996) 381-425
    • (1996) Prog Neurobiol , vol.50 , pp. 381-425
    • Mink, J.W.1
  • 159
    • 0034097551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in attention
    • Mirza N.R., and Stolerman I.P. The role of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in attention. Psychopharmacology 148 (2000) 243-250
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.148 , pp. 243-250
    • Mirza, N.R.1    Stolerman, I.P.2
  • 160
    • 0020665414 scopus 로고
    • Neural projections from nucleus accumbens to globus pallidus, substantia innominata, and lateral preoptic-lateral hypothalamic area: an anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the rat
    • Mogenson G.J., Swanson L.W., and Wu M. Neural projections from nucleus accumbens to globus pallidus, substantia innominata, and lateral preoptic-lateral hypothalamic area: an anatomical and electrophysiological investigation in the rat. J Neurosci 3 (1983) 189-202
    • (1983) J Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 189-202
    • Mogenson, G.J.1    Swanson, L.W.2    Wu, M.3
  • 161
    • 0027458144 scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional modulation of stimulated cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands
    • Moore H., Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Bidirectional modulation of stimulated cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands. Brain Res 627 (1993) 267-274
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.627 , pp. 267-274
    • Moore, H.1    Sarter, M.2    Bruno, J.P.3
  • 162
    • 0032890419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of accumbens and cortical dopamine receptors in the regulation of cortical acetylcholine release
    • Moore H., Fadel J., Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Role of accumbens and cortical dopamine receptors in the regulation of cortical acetylcholine release. Neuroscience 88 (1999) 811-822
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.88 , pp. 811-822
    • Moore, H.1    Fadel, J.2    Sarter, M.3    Bruno, J.P.4
  • 163
    • 0024580667 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine-induced inhibition in the cat visual cortex is mediated by a GABAergic mechanism
    • Müller C.M., and Singer W. Acetylcholine-induced inhibition in the cat visual cortex is mediated by a GABAergic mechanism. Brain Res 487 (1989) 335-342
    • (1989) Brain Res , vol.487 , pp. 335-342
    • Müller, C.M.1    Singer, W.2
  • 164
    • 0031694534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that oral and nutrient reinforcers differentially condition appetitive and consummatory responses to flavours
    • Myers K.P., and Hall W.G. Evidence that oral and nutrient reinforcers differentially condition appetitive and consummatory responses to flavours. Physiol Behav 64 (1998) 493-500
    • (1998) Physiol Behav , vol.64 , pp. 493-500
    • Myers, K.P.1    Hall, W.G.2
  • 165
    • 0030641385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological constraints on behavioral models of motivation
    • Nader K., Bechara A., and van der Kooy D. Neurobiological constraints on behavioral models of motivation. Annu Rev Psychol 48 (1997) 85-114
    • (1997) Annu Rev Psychol , vol.48 , pp. 85-114
    • Nader, K.1    Bechara, A.2    van der Kooy, D.3
  • 166
    • 0035896456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociations between the effects of intra-accumbens administration of amphetamine and exposure to a novel environment on accumbens dopamine and cortical acetylcholine release
    • Neigh G.N., Arnold H.M., Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Dissociations between the effects of intra-accumbens administration of amphetamine and exposure to a novel environment on accumbens dopamine and cortical acetylcholine release. Brain Res 894 (2001) 354-358
    • (2001) Brain Res , vol.894 , pp. 354-358
    • Neigh, G.N.1    Arnold, H.M.2    Sarter, M.3    Bruno, J.P.4
  • 167
    • 0346099204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens is necessary for performance-related increases in cortical acetylcholine release
    • Neigh G.N., Arnold H.M., Rabenstein R.L., Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens is necessary for performance-related increases in cortical acetylcholine release. Neuroscience 123 (2004) 635-645
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.123 , pp. 635-645
    • Neigh, G.N.1    Arnold, H.M.2    Rabenstein, R.L.3    Sarter, M.4    Bruno, J.P.5
  • 168
    • 0030798699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychoactive drug use in evolutionary perspective
    • Nesse R.M., and Berridge K.C. Psychoactive drug use in evolutionary perspective. Science 278 (1997) 63-66
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 63-66
    • Nesse, R.M.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 169
    • 0034661791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Firing rate of nucleus accumbens neurons is dopamine-dependent and reflects the timing of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement
    • Nicola S.M., and Deadwyler S.A. Firing rate of nucleus accumbens neurons is dopamine-dependent and reflects the timing of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. J Neurosci 20 (2000) 5526-5537
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 5526-5537
    • Nicola, S.M.1    Deadwyler, S.A.2
  • 170
    • 0028172074 scopus 로고
    • Infusion of nicotine in the ventral tegmental area or the nucleus accumbens of the rat differentially affects accumbal dopamine release
    • Nisell M., Nomikos G.G., and Svensson T.H. Infusion of nicotine in the ventral tegmental area or the nucleus accumbens of the rat differentially affects accumbal dopamine release. Pharmacol Toxicol 75 (1994) 348-352
    • (1994) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.75 , pp. 348-352
    • Nisell, M.1    Nomikos, G.G.2    Svensson, T.H.3
  • 171
    • 0342423296 scopus 로고
    • Concurrent costs in double stimulation tasks
    • Noble M.E., Sanders A.F., and Trumbo D.A. Concurrent costs in double stimulation tasks. Acta Psychol 49 (1981) 141-158
    • (1981) Acta Psychol , vol.49 , pp. 141-158
    • Noble, M.E.1    Sanders, A.F.2    Trumbo, D.A.3
  • 172
    • 0015729341 scopus 로고
    • Osmotic inhibition of eating as a substractive process
    • Oatley K., and Toates F.M. Osmotic inhibition of eating as a substractive process. J Comp Physiol Psychol 82 (1973) 268-277
    • (1973) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.82 , pp. 268-277
    • Oatley, K.1    Toates, F.M.2
  • 173
    • 33645367848 scopus 로고
    • Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain
    • Olds J., and Milner P. Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain. J Comp Physiol Psychol 47 (1954) 419-427
    • (1954) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.47 , pp. 419-427
    • Olds, J.1    Milner, P.2
  • 174
    • 15444373514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships among ventral striatal dopamine release, cortisol secretion, and subjective responses to amphetamine
    • Oswald L.M., Wong D.F., McCaul M., Zhou Y., Kuwabara H., Choi L., et al. Relationships among ventral striatal dopamine release, cortisol secretion, and subjective responses to amphetamine. Neuropsychopharmacology 30 (2005) 821-832
    • (2005) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.30 , pp. 821-832
    • Oswald, L.M.1    Wong, D.F.2    McCaul, M.3    Zhou, Y.4    Kuwabara, H.5    Choi, L.6
  • 175
    • 0033607227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate infused posttraining into the hippocampus or caudate-putamen differentially strengthens place and response learning
    • Packard M.G. Glutamate infused posttraining into the hippocampus or caudate-putamen differentially strengthens place and response learning. Proc Natl Acad Sci Biol USA 96 (1999) 12881-12886
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci Biol USA , vol.96 , pp. 12881-12886
    • Packard, M.G.1
  • 176
    • 0029972847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of hippocampus or caudate nucleus with lidocaine differentially affects expression of place and response learning
    • Packard M.G., and McGaugh J.L. Inactivation of hippocampus or caudate nucleus with lidocaine differentially affects expression of place and response learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 65 (1996) 65-72
    • (1996) Neurobiol Learn Mem , vol.65 , pp. 65-72
    • Packard, M.G.1    McGaugh, J.L.2
  • 178
    • 0028287119 scopus 로고
    • GABAergic projections from the intercalated cell masses of the amygdala to the basal forebrain in cats
    • Paré D., and Smith Y. GABAergic projections from the intercalated cell masses of the amygdala to the basal forebrain in cats. J Comp Neurol 344 (1994) 33-49
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.344 , pp. 33-49
    • Paré, D.1    Smith, Y.2
  • 179
    • 0028258883 scopus 로고
    • Amphetamine-induced modification of quinine palatability: analysis by the taste reactivity test
    • Parker L., and Leeb K. Amphetamine-induced modification of quinine palatability: analysis by the taste reactivity test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 47 (1994) 413-420
    • (1994) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.47 , pp. 413-420
    • Parker, L.1    Leeb, K.2
  • 180
    • 0033959687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociable roles of the central and basolateral amygdala in appetitive emotional learning
    • Parkinson J.A., Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. Dissociable roles of the central and basolateral amygdala in appetitive emotional learning. Eur J Neurosci 12 (2000) 405-413
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 405-413
    • Parkinson, J.A.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 181
    • 0030850372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pimozide does not shift palatability: separation of anhedonia from sensorimotor suppression by taste reactivity
    • Pecina S., Berridge K.C., and Parker L.A. Pimozide does not shift palatability: separation of anhedonia from sensorimotor suppression by taste reactivity. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 58 (1997) 801-811
    • (1997) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.58 , pp. 801-811
    • Pecina, S.1    Berridge, K.C.2    Parker, L.A.3
  • 182
    • 0020774770 scopus 로고
    • Quality of acquired responses to taste by Rattus norvegicus depends upon type of associated discomfort
    • Pelchat M.L., Grill H.J., Rozin P., and Jacobs J. Quality of acquired responses to taste by Rattus norvegicus depends upon type of associated discomfort. J Comp Physiol Psychol 97 (1983) 140-153
    • (1983) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.97 , pp. 140-153
    • Pelchat, M.L.1    Grill, H.J.2    Rozin, P.3    Jacobs, J.4
  • 183
    • 21344469989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a time-delay actor-critic neural architecture with dopamine-like reinforcement signal for learning in autonomous robots
    • Wermter S., Austin J., and Willshaw D. (Eds), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Pérez-Uribe A. Using a time-delay actor-critic neural architecture with dopamine-like reinforcement signal for learning in autonomous robots. In: Wermter S., Austin J., and Willshaw D. (Eds). Emerging neural architectures based on neuroscience (2001), Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany 522-533
    • (2001) Emerging neural architectures based on neuroscience , pp. 522-533
    • Pérez-Uribe, A.1
  • 184
    • 0027450869 scopus 로고
    • Influence of motivational state on choice of food or dustbathing/foraging substrate by domestic hens
    • Petherick J.C., Seawright E., and Waddington D. Influence of motivational state on choice of food or dustbathing/foraging substrate by domestic hens. Behav Process 28 (1993) 209-220
    • (1993) Behav Process , vol.28 , pp. 209-220
    • Petherick, J.C.1    Seawright, E.2    Waddington, D.3
  • 186
    • 0034129678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic neurotransmission influences covert orientation of visuospatial attention in the rat
    • Phillips J.M., McAlonan K., Robb W.G.K., and Brown V. Cholinergic neurotransmission influences covert orientation of visuospatial attention in the rat. Psychopharmacology 150 (2000) 112-116
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.150 , pp. 112-116
    • Phillips, J.M.1    McAlonan, K.2    Robb, W.G.K.3    Brown, V.4
  • 187
    • 0000775771 scopus 로고
    • Functions of shoaling behaviour in teleost
    • Pitcher T.J. (Ed), Croom Helm, London and Sydney
    • Pitcher T.J. Functions of shoaling behaviour in teleost. In: Pitcher T.J. (Ed). The behaviour of teleost fish (1993), Croom Helm, London and Sydney 363-439
    • (1993) The behaviour of teleost fish , pp. 363-439
    • Pitcher, T.J.1
  • 189
    • 0032567782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine in the nucleus accumbens released by hypothalamic stimulation-escape behavior
    • Rada P., Mark G.P., and Hoebel B.G. Dopamine in the nucleus accumbens released by hypothalamic stimulation-escape behavior. Brain Res 782 (1998) 228-234
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.782 , pp. 228-234
    • Rada, P.1    Mark, G.P.2    Hoebel, B.G.3
  • 190
    • 0033562702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine fluctuations in the nucleus accumbens during maintenance, extinction, and reinstatement of intravenous d-amphetamine self-administration
    • Ranaldi R., Pocock D., Zereik R., and Wise R.A. Dopamine fluctuations in the nucleus accumbens during maintenance, extinction, and reinstatement of intravenous d-amphetamine self-administration. J Neurosci 19 (1999) 4102-4109
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 4102-4109
    • Ranaldi, R.1    Pocock, D.2    Zereik, R.3    Wise, R.A.4
  • 191
    • 0032973437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: a vertebrate solution to the selection problem?
    • Redgrave P., Prescott T.J., and Gurney K. The basal ganglia: a vertebrate solution to the selection problem?. Neuroscience 89 (1999) 1009-1023
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.89 , pp. 1009-1023
    • Redgrave, P.1    Prescott, T.J.2    Gurney, K.3
  • 192
    • 49449095638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is reinforced by phasic dopamine signals?
    • Redgrave P., Gurney K., and Reynolds J. What is reinforced by phasic dopamine signals?. Brain Res Rev 58 (2008) 322-339
    • (2008) Brain Res Rev , vol.58 , pp. 322-339
    • Redgrave, P.1    Gurney, K.2    Reynolds, J.3
  • 193
    • 0014321923 scopus 로고
    • Probability of shock in the presence and absence of CS in fear conditioning
    • Rescorla R.A. Probability of shock in the presence and absence of CS in fear conditioning. J Comp Physiol Psychol 66 (1968) 1-5
    • (1968) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.66 , pp. 1-5
    • Rescorla, R.A.1
  • 194
    • 0023975811 scopus 로고
    • Pavlovian conditioning: it is not what you think it is
    • Rescorla R.A. Pavlovian conditioning: it is not what you think it is. Am Psychol 43 (1988) 151-160
    • (1988) Am Psychol , vol.43 , pp. 151-160
    • Rescorla, R.A.1
  • 196
    • 0001167474 scopus 로고
    • Arousal systems and attention
    • Ganzzaniga M.S. (Ed), The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
    • Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. Arousal systems and attention. In: Ganzzaniga M.S. (Ed). The cognitive neurosciences (1995), The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 703-720
    • (1995) The cognitive neurosciences , pp. 703-720
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 197
    • 0029995617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation
    • Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 6 (1996) 228-236
    • (1996) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.6 , pp. 228-236
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 198
    • 0027305458 scopus 로고
    • The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
    • Robinson T.E., and Berridge K.C. The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Res Rev 18 (1993) 247-291
    • (1993) Brain Res Rev , vol.18 , pp. 247-291
    • Robinson, T.E.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 199
    • 0033842872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychology and neurobiology of addiction: an incentive-sensitization view
    • Robinson T.E., and Berridge K.C. The psychology and neurobiology of addiction: an incentive-sensitization view. Addiction 95 Suppl. (2000) S91-S117
    • (2000) Addiction , vol.95 , Issue.SUPPL
    • Robinson, T.E.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 200
    • 0025247726 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine neurons of the monkey midbrain: contingencies of responses to active touch during self-initiated arm movements
    • Romo R., and Schultz W. Dopamine neurons of the monkey midbrain: contingencies of responses to active touch during self-initiated arm movements. J Neurophysiol 63 (1990) 592-606
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.63 , pp. 592-606
    • Romo, R.1    Schultz, W.2
  • 201
    • 46149093061 scopus 로고
    • How plausible is post-inhibitory rebound as an account of displacement activity? A reply to Kennedy
    • Roper T.J. How plausible is post-inhibitory rebound as an account of displacement activity? A reply to Kennedy. Anim Behav 33 (1985) 1377-1378
    • (1985) Anim Behav , vol.33 , pp. 1377-1378
    • Roper, T.J.1
  • 202
    • 9344242778 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying eating-drinking transitions in rats
    • Roper T.J., and Crossland G. Mechanisms underlying eating-drinking transitions in rats. Anim Behav 30 (1982) 602-614
    • (1982) Anim Behav , vol.30 , pp. 602-614
    • Roper, T.J.1    Crossland, G.2
  • 203
    • 0030903625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptor and the tyrosine phosphorylation of its 2B subunit in taste learning in the rat insular cortex
    • Rosenblum K., Berman D.E., Hazvi S., Lamprecht R., and Dudai Y. NMDA receptor and the tyrosine phosphorylation of its 2B subunit in taste learning in the rat insular cortex. J Neurosci 17 (1997) 5129-5135
    • (1997) J Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 5129-5135
    • Rosenblum, K.1    Berman, D.E.2    Hazvi, S.3    Lamprecht, R.4    Dudai, Y.5
  • 204
    • 0014577734 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive food-sampling patterns in vitamin deficient rats
    • Rozin P. Adaptive food-sampling patterns in vitamin deficient rats. J Comp Physiol Psychol 69 (1969) 126-132
    • (1969) J Comp Physiol Psychol , vol.69 , pp. 126-132
    • Rozin, P.1
  • 205
    • 0028296177 scopus 로고
    • Encoding of behavioral significance of visual stimuli by primate prefrontal neurons: relation to relevant task conditions
    • Sakagami M., and Niki H. Encoding of behavioral significance of visual stimuli by primate prefrontal neurons: relation to relevant task conditions. Exp Brain Res 97 (1994) 423-436
    • (1994) Exp Brain Res , vol.97 , pp. 423-436
    • Sakagami, M.1    Niki, H.2
  • 206
    • 0022619029 scopus 로고
    • Different effects of haloperidol and extinction on instrumental behaviors
    • Salamone J.D. Different effects of haloperidol and extinction on instrumental behaviors. Psychopharmacology 88 (1986) 18-23
    • (1986) Psychopharmacology , vol.88 , pp. 18-23
    • Salamone, J.D.1
  • 207
    • 0037010742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivational views of reinforcement: implications for understanding the behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine
    • Salamone J.D., and Correa M. Motivational views of reinforcement: implications for understanding the behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine. Behav Brain Res 137 (2002) 3-25
    • (2002) Behav Brain Res , vol.137 , pp. 3-25
    • Salamone, J.D.1    Correa, M.2
  • 208
    • 0028605592 scopus 로고
    • Anhedonia or anergia? Effects of haloperidol and nucleus accumbens dopamine depletion on instrumental response selection in a T-maze cost/benefit procedure
    • Salamone J.D., Cousins M.S., and Bucher S. Anhedonia or anergia? Effects of haloperidol and nucleus accumbens dopamine depletion on instrumental response selection in a T-maze cost/benefit procedure. Behav Brain Res 65 (1994) 221-229
    • (1994) Behav Brain Res , vol.65 , pp. 221-229
    • Salamone, J.D.1    Cousins, M.S.2    Bucher, S.3
  • 209
    • 0004415001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia diseases
    • Fogel B.S., Schiffer R.B., and Rao S.M. (Eds), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
    • Sano M., Marder K., and Dooneief G. Basal ganglia diseases. In: Fogel B.S., Schiffer R.B., and Rao S.M. (Eds). Neuropsychiatry (1996), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 805-834
    • (1996) Neuropsychiatry , pp. 805-834
    • Sano, M.1    Marder, K.2    Dooneief, G.3
  • 210
    • 0031040861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functions of cortical acetylcholine: toward a unifying hypothesis
    • Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Cognitive functions of cortical acetylcholine: toward a unifying hypothesis. Brain Res Rev 23 (1997) 28-46
    • (1997) Brain Res Rev , vol.23 , pp. 28-46
    • Sarter, M.1    Bruno, J.P.2
  • 211
    • 0033082462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal regulation of corticopetal cholinergic neurons and impaired information processing in neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Sarter M., and Bruno J.P. Abnormal regulation of corticopetal cholinergic neurons and impaired information processing in neuropsychiatric disorders. Trends Neurosci 22 (1999) 67-74
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 67-74
    • Sarter, M.1    Bruno, J.P.2
  • 212
    • 0032780061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal forebrain afferent projections modulating cortical acetylcholine, attention, and implications for neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Sarter M., Bruno J.P., and Turchi J. Basal forebrain afferent projections modulating cortical acetylcholine, attention, and implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Ann NY Acad Sci 877 (1999) 368-382
    • (1999) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.877 , pp. 368-382
    • Sarter, M.1    Bruno, J.P.2    Turchi, J.3
  • 213
    • 0023005422 scopus 로고
    • Responses of midbrain dopamine neurons to behavioural trigger stimuli in the monkey
    • Schultz W. Responses of midbrain dopamine neurons to behavioural trigger stimuli in the monkey. J Neurophysiol 56 (1986) 1439-1461
    • (1986) J Neurophysiol , vol.56 , pp. 1439-1461
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 214
    • 0031867046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
    • Schultz W. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J Neurophysiol 80 (1998) 1-27
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 1-27
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 215
    • 0034576323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple reward signals in the brain
    • Schultz W. Multiple reward signals in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 1 (2000) 199-207
    • (2000) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 199-207
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 216
    • 0027468102 scopus 로고
    • Responses of monkey dopamine neurons to reward and conditioned stimuli during successive steps of learning a delayed response task
    • Schultz W., Apicella P., and Ljungberg T. Responses of monkey dopamine neurons to reward and conditioned stimuli during successive steps of learning a delayed response task. J Neurosci 13 (1993) 900-913
    • (1993) J Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 900-913
    • Schultz, W.1    Apicella, P.2    Ljungberg, T.3
  • 217
    • 0033678043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine receptors: from structure to behavior
    • Sealfon S.C., and Olanow C.W. Dopamine receptors: from structure to behavior. Trends Neurosci 23 (2000) S34-S40
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci , vol.23
    • Sealfon, S.C.1    Olanow, C.W.2
  • 218
    • 0025847437 scopus 로고
    • Complementary roles for the amygdala and hippocampus in aversive conditioning to explicit and contextual cues
    • Selden N.R.W., Everitt B.J., Jarrad L.E., and Robbins T.W. Complementary roles for the amygdala and hippocampus in aversive conditioning to explicit and contextual cues. Neuroscience 42 (1991) 335-350
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.42 , pp. 335-350
    • Selden, N.R.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2    Jarrad, L.E.3    Robbins, T.W.4
  • 219
    • 0014083436 scopus 로고
    • Failure to escape traumatic shock
    • Seligman M.E.P., and Maier S.F. Failure to escape traumatic shock. J Exp Psychol 74 (1967) 1-9
    • (1967) J Exp Psychol , vol.74 , pp. 1-9
    • Seligman, M.E.P.1    Maier, S.F.2
  • 220
    • 84856043672 scopus 로고
    • A mathematical theory of communication
    • Shannon C.E. A mathematical theory of communication. AT&T Tech J 27 (1948) 623-656
    • (1948) AT&T Tech J , vol.27 , pp. 623-656
    • Shannon, C.E.1
  • 221
    • 33646347370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the ventral tegmental area prevents acquisition of food-rewarded operant responding in rats
    • Sharf R., McKelvey J., and Ranaldi R. Blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the ventral tegmental area prevents acquisition of food-rewarded operant responding in rats. Psychopharmacology 186 (2006) 113-121
    • (2006) Psychopharmacology , vol.186 , pp. 113-121
    • Sharf, R.1    McKelvey, J.2    Ranaldi, R.3
  • 222
    • 0000967932 scopus 로고
    • On the fitness of behaviour sequence
    • Sibly R.M., and McFarland D.J. On the fitness of behaviour sequence. Am Nat 110 (1976) 601-617
    • (1976) Am Nat , vol.110 , pp. 601-617
    • Sibly, R.M.1    McFarland, D.J.2
  • 223
    • 0031799938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia
    • Smith Y., Bevan M.D., Shink E., and Bolam J.P. Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia. Neuroscience 86 (1998) 353-387
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.86 , pp. 353-387
    • Smith, Y.1    Bevan, M.D.2    Shink, E.3    Bolam, J.P.4
  • 224
    • 0032032505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in lever pressing and response allocation: effects of 6-OHDA injected into core and dorsomedial shell
    • Sokolowski J.D., and Salamone J.D. The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in lever pressing and response allocation: effects of 6-OHDA injected into core and dorsomedial shell. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59 (1998) 557-566
    • (1998) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.59 , pp. 557-566
    • Sokolowski, J.D.1    Salamone, J.D.2
  • 225
    • 0016045280 scopus 로고
    • An opponent-process theory of motivation: I. Temporal dynamics of affect
    • Solomon R.L., and Corbit J.D. An opponent-process theory of motivation: I. Temporal dynamics of affect. Psychol Rev 81 (1974) 119-145
    • (1974) Psychol Rev , vol.81 , pp. 119-145
    • Solomon, R.L.1    Corbit, J.D.2
  • 227
    • 84971030317 scopus 로고
    • Distance between food and water supply and its effect on drinking frequency and food and water intake of Merino and Border Leicester sheep
    • Squires V.R., and Wilson A.D. Distance between food and water supply and its effect on drinking frequency and food and water intake of Merino and Border Leicester sheep. Aust J Agric 22 (1971) 283-290
    • (1971) Aust J Agric , vol.22 , pp. 283-290
    • Squires, V.R.1    Wilson, A.D.2
  • 229
    • 0028998697 scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of the rat: modulation by metabotropic glutamate receptors
    • Taber M.T., and Fibiger H.C. Electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of the rat: modulation by metabotropic glutamate receptors. J Neurosci 15 (1995) 3896-3904
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 3896-3904
    • Taber, M.T.1    Fibiger, H.C.2
  • 230
    • 0003136022 scopus 로고
    • Visual reinforcement in fighting cocks
    • Thompson T.I. Visual reinforcement in fighting cocks. J Exp Anal Behav 7 (1964) 45-49
    • (1964) J Exp Anal Behav , vol.7 , pp. 45-49
    • Thompson, T.I.1
  • 232
    • 0003940621 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Toates F. Motivational systems (1986), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • (1986) Motivational systems
    • Toates, F.1
  • 233
    • 0001461525 scopus 로고
    • There is more than one kind of learning
    • Tolman E.C. There is more than one kind of learning. Psychol Rev 56 (1949) 144-155
    • (1949) Psychol Rev , vol.56 , pp. 144-155
    • Tolman, E.C.1
  • 234
    • 0000079054 scopus 로고
    • The nature and functioning of wants
    • Tolman E.C. The nature and functioning of wants. Psychol Rev 56 (1949) 357-369
    • (1949) Psychol Rev , vol.56 , pp. 357-369
    • Tolman, E.C.1
  • 235
    • 0031440690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical acetylcholine and processing capacity: effects of cortical cholinergic deafferentation on crossmodal divided attention in rats
    • Turchi J., and Sarter M. Cortical acetylcholine and processing capacity: effects of cortical cholinergic deafferentation on crossmodal divided attention in rats. Cogn Brain Res 6 (1997) 147-158
    • (1997) Cogn Brain Res , vol.6 , pp. 147-158
    • Turchi, J.1    Sarter, M.2
  • 237
    • 0014896354 scopus 로고
    • Is interruption of the nigro-striatal dopamine system producing the 'lateral hypothalamus syndrome'?
    • Ungerstedt U. Is interruption of the nigro-striatal dopamine system producing the 'lateral hypothalamus syndrome'?. Acta Physiol Scand 80 (1970) 35A-36A
    • (1970) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.80
    • Ungerstedt, U.1
  • 238
    • 0014708574 scopus 로고
    • Reexamination of the role of the hypothalamus in motivation
    • Valenstein E.S., Cox V.C., and Kakolewski J.M. Reexamination of the role of the hypothalamus in motivation. Psychol Rev 77 (1970) 16-31
    • (1970) Psychol Rev , vol.77 , pp. 16-31
    • Valenstein, E.S.1    Cox, V.C.2    Kakolewski, J.M.3
  • 239
    • 0032702492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of dustbathing in feathered and featherless domestic chicks: the Lorenzian model revisited
    • Vestergaard K.S., Damm B.I., Abbott U.K., and Bildsoe M. Regulation of dustbathing in feathered and featherless domestic chicks: the Lorenzian model revisited. Anim Behav 58 (1999) 1017-1025
    • (1999) Anim Behav , vol.58 , pp. 1017-1025
    • Vestergaard, K.S.1    Damm, B.I.2    Abbott, U.K.3    Bildsoe, M.4
  • 240
    • 35448954388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitization, drug addiction and psychopathology in animals and humans
    • Vezina P. Sensitization, drug addiction and psychopathology in animals and humans. Prog Neuro-Psychoph 31 (2007) 1553-1555
    • (2007) Prog Neuro-Psychoph , vol.31 , pp. 1553-1555
    • Vezina, P.1
  • 241
    • 58149126424 scopus 로고
    • On the functional organization of drives
    • von Holst E., and von St. Paul U. On the functional organization of drives. Anim Behav 11 (1963) 1-20
    • (1963) Anim Behav , vol.11 , pp. 1-20
    • von Holst, E.1    von St. Paul, U.2
  • 242
  • 243
    • 0029782802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reward expectancy in primate prefrontal neurons
    • Watanabe M. Reward expectancy in primate prefrontal neurons. Nature 382 (1996) 629-632
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 629-632
    • Watanabe, M.1
  • 244
    • 0020664005 scopus 로고
    • Conditioned cues elicit feeding in sated rats: a role of learning in meal initiation
    • Weingarten H.P. Conditioned cues elicit feeding in sated rats: a role of learning in meal initiation. Science 220 (1983) 431-433
    • (1983) Science , vol.220 , pp. 431-433
    • Weingarten, H.P.1
  • 246
    • 0029851654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic lesions of the basolateral amygdala impair the acquisition of cocaine-seeking behaviour under a second-order schedule of reinforcement
    • Whitelaw R.B., Markou A., Robbins T.W., and Everitt B.J. Excitotoxic lesions of the basolateral amygdala impair the acquisition of cocaine-seeking behaviour under a second-order schedule of reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 127 (1996) 213-224
    • (1996) Psychopharmacology , vol.127 , pp. 213-224
    • Whitelaw, R.B.1    Markou, A.2    Robbins, T.W.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 247
    • 34447637266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal contributions to reward and decision making: making sense of regional variations in the reiterated processing matrix
    • Wickens J.R., Budd C.S., Hyland B.I., and Arbuthnott G.W. Striatal contributions to reward and decision making: making sense of regional variations in the reiterated processing matrix. Ann NY Acad Sci 1104 (2007) 192-212
    • (2007) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1104 , pp. 192-212
    • Wickens, J.R.1    Budd, C.S.2    Hyland, B.I.3    Arbuthnott, G.W.4
  • 248
    • 0025241665 scopus 로고
    • Concentration-dependent actions of stimulated dopamine release on neuronal activity in rat striatum
    • Williams G.V., and Millar J. Concentration-dependent actions of stimulated dopamine release on neuronal activity in rat striatum. Neuroscience 39 (1990) 1-16
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.39 , pp. 1-16
    • Williams, G.V.1    Millar, J.2
  • 249
    • 0029078243 scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic correlates of motivated behavior: importance of drive
    • Wilson C., Nomikos G.G., Collu M., and Fibiger H.C. Dopaminergic correlates of motivated behavior: importance of drive. J Neurosci 15 (1995) 5169-5178
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 5169-5178
    • Wilson, C.1    Nomikos, G.G.2    Collu, M.3    Fibiger, H.C.4
  • 250
    • 2442651554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting roles of basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive choice
    • Winstanley C.A., Theobald D.E.H., Cardinal R.N., and Robbins T.W. Contrasting roles of basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive choice. J Neurosci 24 (2004) 4718-4722
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 4718-4722
    • Winstanley, C.A.1    Theobald, D.E.H.2    Cardinal, R.N.3    Robbins, T.W.4
  • 251
    • 58549112939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine in the prefrontal cortex regulates rat's behavioral flexibility to changing reward value
    • Winter S., Dieckmann M., and Schwabe K. Dopamine in the prefrontal cortex regulates rat's behavioral flexibility to changing reward value. Behav Brain Res 198 (2009) 206-213
    • (2009) Behav Brain Res , vol.198 , pp. 206-213
    • Winter, S.1    Dieckmann, M.2    Schwabe, K.3
  • 252
    • 84973986000 scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptics and operant behavior: the anhedonia hypothesis
    • Wise R.A. Neuroleptics and operant behavior: the anhedonia hypothesis. Behav Brain Sci 5 (1982) 39-87
    • (1982) Behav Brain Sci , vol.5 , pp. 39-87
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 253
    • 2642519680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine, learning and motivation
    • Wise R.A. Dopamine, learning and motivation. Nat Rev Neurosci 5 (2004) 1-12
    • (2004) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 1-12
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 254
    • 33845325494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of brain dopamine in food reward and reinforcement
    • Wise R.A. Role of brain dopamine in food reward and reinforcement. Philos Trans R Soc B 361 (2006) 1149-1158
    • (2006) Philos Trans R Soc B , vol.361 , pp. 1149-1158
    • Wise, R.A.1
  • 255
    • 0022370114 scopus 로고
    • Effects of pre-feeding on food-approach latency and food consumption speed in food deprived rats
    • Wise R.A., and Raptis L. Effects of pre-feeding on food-approach latency and food consumption speed in food deprived rats. Physiol Behav 35 (1985) 961-963
    • (1985) Physiol Behav , vol.35 , pp. 961-963
    • Wise, R.A.1    Raptis, L.2
  • 256
    • 0030803143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of altering brain cholinergic activity on covert orienting of attention: comparison of monkey and human performance
    • Witte E.A., Davidson M.C., and Marrocco R.T. Effects of altering brain cholinergic activity on covert orienting of attention: comparison of monkey and human performance. Psychopharmacology 132 (1997) 324-334
    • (1997) Psychopharmacology , vol.132 , pp. 324-334
    • Witte, E.A.1    Davidson, M.C.2    Marrocco, R.T.3
  • 258
    • 0029112791 scopus 로고
    • From controlled drug intake to loss of control: the irreversible development of drug addiction in the rat
    • Wolffgramm J., and Heyne A. From controlled drug intake to loss of control: the irreversible development of drug addiction in the rat. Behav Brain Res 70 (1995) 77-94
    • (1995) Behav Brain Res , vol.70 , pp. 77-94
    • Wolffgramm, J.1    Heyne, A.2
  • 259
    • 0017670811 scopus 로고
    • Iron appetite and latent learning in rats
    • Woods S.C., Vasselli J.R., and Milan K.M. Iron appetite and latent learning in rats. Physiol Behav 19 (1977) 623-626
    • (1977) Physiol Behav , vol.19 , pp. 623-626
    • Woods, S.C.1    Vasselli, J.R.2    Milan, K.M.3
  • 260
    • 0034331220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-accumbens amphetamine increases the conditioned incentive salience of sucrose reward: enhancement of reward "wanting" without enhanced "liking" or response reinforcement
    • Wyvell C.L., and Berridge K.C. Intra-accumbens amphetamine increases the conditioned incentive salience of sucrose reward: enhancement of reward "wanting" without enhanced "liking" or response reinforcement. J Neurosci 20 (2000) 8122-8130
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 8122-8130
    • Wyvell, C.L.1    Berridge, K.C.2
  • 261
    • 4043144491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of striatal subregions to place and response learning
    • Yin H.H., and Knowlton B.J. Contributions of striatal subregions to place and response learning. Learn Mem 11 (2004) 459-463
    • (2004) Learn Mem , vol.11 , pp. 459-463
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2
  • 262
    • 33745760564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation
    • Yin H.H., and Knowlton B.J. The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation. Nat Rev Neurosci 7 (2006) 464-476
    • (2006) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 464-476
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2
  • 263
    • 1642580578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning
    • Yin H.H., Knowlton B.J., and Balleine B.W. Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning. Eur J Neurosci 19 (2004) 181-189
    • (2004) Eur J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 181-189
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2    Balleine, B.W.3
  • 265
    • 0027207189 scopus 로고
    • Latent inhibition of conditioned dopamine release in rat nucleus accumbens
    • Young A.M., Joseph M.H., and Gray J.A. Latent inhibition of conditioned dopamine release in rat nucleus accumbens. Neuroscience 54 (1993) 5-9
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.54 , pp. 5-9
    • Young, A.M.1    Joseph, M.H.2    Gray, J.A.3
  • 266
    • 20444388016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncertainty, neuromodulation, and attention
    • Yu A.J., and Dayan P. Uncertainty, neuromodulation, and attention. Neuron 46 (2005) 681-692
    • (2005) Neuron , vol.46 , pp. 681-692
    • Yu, A.J.1    Dayan, P.2
  • 267
    • 0002285814 scopus 로고
    • Afferents to basal forebrain cholinergic projection neurons: an update
    • Napier T.C., Kalivas P.W., and Hanin I. (Eds), Plenum Press, New York
    • Zaborszky L., Cullinan W.E., and Braun A. Afferents to basal forebrain cholinergic projection neurons: an update. In: Napier T.C., Kalivas P.W., and Hanin I. (Eds). The basal forebrain: anatomy to function (1991), Plenum Press, New York 1-42
    • (1991) The basal forebrain: anatomy to function , pp. 1-42
    • Zaborszky, L.1    Cullinan, W.E.2    Braun, A.3
  • 268
    • 15744388100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective and divided attention in animals
    • Zentall T.R. Selective and divided attention in animals. Behav Process 69 (2005) 1-15
    • (2005) Behav Process , vol.69 , pp. 1-15
    • Zentall, T.R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.