메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1021, Issue , 2004, Pages 33-50

Limbic corticostriatal systems and delayed reinforcement

Author keywords

Anterior cingulate cortex; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Basolateral amygdala; Delayed reinforcement; Dopamine; Drug addiction; Impulsive choice; Impulsivity; Medial prefrontal cortex; Nucleus accumbens core; Orbitofrontal cortex; Serotonin

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN;

EID: 3042788322     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1308.004     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (246)

References (139)
  • 1
    • 0016525445 scopus 로고
    • Specious reward: A behavioural theory of impulsiveness and impulse control
    • AINSLIE, G. 1975. Specious reward: a behavioural theory of impulsiveness and impulse control. Psychol. Bull. 82: 463-496.
    • (1975) Psychol. Bull. , vol.82 , pp. 463-496
    • Ainslie, G.1
  • 3
    • 0032694028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varieties of impulsivity
    • EVENDEN, J.L. 1999. Varieties of impulsivity. Psychopharmacology 146: 348-361.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 348-361
    • Evenden, J.L.1
  • 4
    • 0028789273 scopus 로고
    • Impulsivity predicts individual susceptibility to high levels of alcohol self-administration
    • POULOS, C.X., A.D. LE & J.L. PARKER. 1995. Impulsivity predicts individual susceptibility to high levels of alcohol self-administration. Behav. Pharmacol. 6: 810-814.
    • (1995) Behav. Pharmacol. , vol.6 , pp. 810-814
    • Poulos, C.X.1    Le, A.D.2    Parker, J.L.3
  • 5
    • 0032743148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulsivity and cigarette smoking: Delay discounting in current, never, and ex-smokers
    • BICKEL, W.K., A.L. ODUM & G.J. MADDEN. 1999. Impulsivity and cigarette smoking: delay discounting in current, never, and ex-smokers. Psychopharmacology 146: 447-454.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 447-454
    • Bickel, W.K.1    Odum, A.L.2    Madden, G.J.3
  • 6
    • 0033067281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulsivity: A discussion of clinical and experimental findings
    • EVENDEN, J.L. 1999. Impulsivity: a discussion of clinical and experimental findings. J. Psychopharmacol. 13: 180-192.
    • (1999) J. Psychopharmacol. , vol.13 , pp. 180-192
    • Evenden, J.L.1
  • 7
    • 0030436745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolving the contradictions of addiction
    • HEYMAN, G.M. 1996. Resolving the contradictions of addiction. Behav. Brain Sci. 19: 561-610.
    • (1996) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 561-610
    • Heyman, G.M.1
  • 8
    • 0032743153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers
    • MITCHELL, S.H. 1999. Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Psychopharmacology 146: 455-464.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 455-464
    • Mitchell, S.H.1
  • 9
    • 0032127881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered reinforcement mechanisms in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • SAGVOLDEN, T. et al. 1998. Altered reinforcement mechanisms in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 61-71.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 61-71
    • Sagvolden, T.1
  • 10
    • 0031855726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder - From brain dysfunctions to behaviour
    • SAGVOLDEN, T. & J.A. SERGEANT. 1998. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder - from brain dysfunctions to behaviour. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 1-10.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 1-10
    • Sagvolden, T.1    Sergeant, J.A.2
  • 12
    • 0003090736 scopus 로고
    • The goal gradient hypothesis and maze learning
    • HULL, C.L. 1932. The goal gradient hypothesis and maze learning. Psychol. Rev. 39: 25-43.
    • (1932) Psychol. Rev. , vol.39 , pp. 25-43
    • Hull, C.L.1
  • 15
    • 0002866705 scopus 로고
    • The relation of secondary reinforcement to delayed reward in visual discrimination learning
    • GRICE, G.R. 1948. The relation of secondary reinforcement to delayed reward in visual discrimination learning. J. Exp. Psychol. 38: 1-16.
    • (1948) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.38 , pp. 1-16
    • Grice, G.R.1
  • 16
  • 19
    • 77957665310 scopus 로고
    • Learned associations over long delays
    • G.H. Bower, Ed.: Academic Press. New York
    • REVUSKY, S. & J. GARCIA. 1970. Learned associations over long delays. In The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol. 4. G.H. Bower, Ed.: 1-84. Academic Press. New York.
    • (1970) The Psychology of Learning and Motivation , vol.4 , pp. 1-84
    • Revusky, S.1    Garcia, J.2
  • 21
    • 84943255384 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental conditioning
    • N. J. Mackintosh, Ed.: Academic Press. San Diego
    • DICKINSON, A. 1994. Instrumental conditioning. In Animal Learning and Cognition. N. J. Mackintosh, Ed.: 45-79. Academic Press. San Diego.
    • (1994) Animal Learning and Cognition , pp. 45-79
    • Dickinson, A.1
  • 22
    • 0028006389 scopus 로고
    • Motivational control of goal-directed action
    • DICKINSON, A. & B. BALLEINE. 1994. Motivational control of goal-directed action. Anim. Learn. Behav. 22: 1-18.
    • (1994) Anim. Learn. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 1-18
    • Dickinson, A.1    Balleine, B.2
  • 23
    • 0036114221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion and motivation: The role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex
    • CARDINAL, R. N. et al. 2002. Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 26: 321-352.
    • (2002) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.26 , pp. 321-352
    • Cardinal, R.N.1
  • 26
    • 0023606213 scopus 로고
    • Self-control choice with electrical stimulation of the brain as a reinforcer
    • MAZUR, J.E., J.R. STELLAR & M. WARACZYNSKI. 1987. Self-control choice with electrical stimulation of the brain as a reinforcer. Behav. Processes 15: 143-153.
    • (1987) Behav. Processes , vol.15 , pp. 143-153
    • Mazur, J.E.1    Stellar, J.R.2    Waraczynski, M.3
  • 27
    • 0031133452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of discount functions in rats with an adjusting-amount procedure
    • RICHARDS, J.B. et al. 1997. Determination of discount functions in rats with an adjusting-amount procedure. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 67: 353-366.
    • (1997) J. Exp. Anal. Behav. , vol.67 , pp. 353-366
    • Richards, J.B.1
  • 28
    • 0000937042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choice between fixed and variable delays to reinforcement in the adjusting-delay procedure and concurrent chains
    • GRACE, R.C. 1996. Choice between fixed and variable delays to reinforcement in the adjusting-delay procedure and concurrent chains. J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Processes 22: 362-383.
    • (1996) J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Processes , vol.22 , pp. 362-383
    • Grace, R.C.1
  • 29
    • 0026481720 scopus 로고
    • Choice between delayed reinforcers in a discrete-trials schedule: The effect of deprivation level
    • BRADSHAW, C.M. & E. SZABADI. 1992. Choice between delayed reinforcers in a discrete-trials schedule: the effect of deprivation level. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. B 44B: 1-16.
    • (1992) Q. J. Exp. Psychol. B , vol.44 B , pp. 1-16
    • Bradshaw, C.M.1    Szabadi, E.2
  • 30
    • 0031309579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normative and descriptive models of decision making: Time discounting and risk sensitivity
    • Characterizing Human Psychological Adaptations Wiley. Chiehester, UK
    • KACELNIK, A. 1997. Normative and descriptive models of decision making: time discounting and risk sensitivity. In Characterizing Human Psychological Adaptations (Ciba Foundation Symposium 208): 51-70. Wiley. Chiehester, UK.
    • (1997) Ciba Foundation Symposium , vol.208 , pp. 51-70
    • Kacelnik, A.1
  • 31
    • 3042796916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing delayed rewards: Perspectives from learning theory, neurochemistry, and neuroanatomy
    • N. Heather & R. Vuchinich, Eds.: Elsevier. Oxford
    • CARDINAL, R.N., T.W. ROBBINS & B. J. EVERITT. 2003. Choosing delayed rewards: perspectives from learning theory, neurochemistry, and neuroanatomy. In Choice, Behavioral Economics and Addiction. N. Heather & R. Vuchinich, Eds.: 183-213, 217-218. Elsevier. Oxford.
    • (2003) Choice, Behavioral Economics and Addiction , pp. 183-213
    • Cardinal, R.N.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 32
    • 0001425882 scopus 로고
    • Reconciling the role of central serotonin neurons in human and animal behavior
    • SOUBRIÉ, P. 1986. Reconciling the role of central serotonin neurons in human and animal behavior. Behav. Brain Sci. 9: 319-335.
    • (1986) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 319-335
    • Soubrié, P.1
  • 33
    • 0017131961 scopus 로고
    • 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid: A biochemical suicide predictor
    • ÅSBERG, M., L. TRÄSKMAN & P. THORÉN. 1976. 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid: a biochemical suicide predictor. Arch. Gen. Psych. 33: 1193-1197.
    • (1976) Arch. Gen. Psych. , vol.33 , pp. 1193-1197
    • Åsberg, M.1    Träskman, L.2    Thorén, P.3
  • 34
    • 0021025533 scopus 로고
    • Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration differentiates impulsive from nonimpulsive violent behavior
    • LINNOILA, M. et al. 1983. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration differentiates impulsive from nonimpulsive violent behavior. Life Sci. 33: 2609-2614.
    • (1983) Life Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 2609-2614
    • Linnoila, M.1
  • 35
    • 0025230323 scopus 로고
    • CSF serotonin metabolite (5HIAA) studies in depression, impulsivity and violence
    • BROWN, G.L. & M. LINNOILA. 1990. CSF serotonin metabolite (5HIAA) studies in depression, impulsivity and violence. J. Clin. Psych. 51(Suppl. 4): 31-41.
    • (1990) J. Clin. Psych. , vol.51 , Issue.4 SUPPL. , pp. 31-41
    • Brown, G.L.1    Linnoila, M.2
  • 37
    • 0028092848 scopus 로고
    • Low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations and severe aggression and impaired impulse control in nonhuman primates
    • MEHLMAN, P.T. et al. 1994. Low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations and severe aggression and impaired impulse control in nonhuman primates. Am. J. Psychiatry 151: 1485-1491.
    • (1994) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 1485-1491
    • Mehlman, P.T.1
  • 39
    • 0027309068 scopus 로고
    • Effect of lesions of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic pathways on choice between delayed reinforcers
    • WOGAR, M.A., C.M. BRADSHAW & E. SZABADI. 1993. Effect of lesions of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic pathways on choice between delayed reinforcers. Psychopharmacology 111: 239-243.
    • (1993) Psychopharmacology , vol.111 , pp. 239-243
    • Wogar, M.A.1    Bradshaw, C.M.2    Szabadi, E.3
  • 40
    • 0005202576 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin depletion increases impulsive behavior in rats
    • RICHARDS, J.B. & L.S. SEIDEN. 1995. Serotonin depletion increases impulsive behavior in rats. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 21: 1693.
    • (1995) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.21 , pp. 1693
    • Richards, J.B.1    Seiden, L.S.2
  • 41
    • 0032743742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin and tolerance to delay of reward in rats
    • BIZOT, J. et al. 1999. Serotonin and tolerance to delay of reward in rats. Psychopharmacology 146: 400-412.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 400-412
    • Bizot, J.1
  • 42
    • 0033662350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of central 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion on sensitivity to delayed and probabilistic reinforcement
    • MOBINI, S. et al. 2000. Effects of central 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion on sensitivity to delayed and probabilistic reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 152: 390-397.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.152 , pp. 390-397
    • Mobini, S.1
  • 43
    • 0032693651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory and method in the quantitative analysis of "impulsive choice" behaviour: Implications for psychopharmacology
    • HO, M.Y. et al. 1999. Theory and method in the quantitative analysis of "impulsive choice" behaviour: implications for psychopharmacology. Psychopharmacology 146: 362-372.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 362-372
    • Ho, M.Y.1
  • 44
    • 0034059348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of central 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion on inter-temporal choice: A quantitative analysis
    • MOBINI, S. et al. 2000. Effect of central 5-hydroxytryptamine depletion on inter-temporal choice: a quantitative analysis. Psychopharmacology 149: 313-318.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.149 , pp. 313-318
    • Mobini, S.1
  • 45
    • 0029819003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexfenfluramine and 8-OH-DPAT modulate impulsivity in a delay-of-reward paradigm: Implications for a correspondence with alcohol consumption
    • POULOS, C.X., J.L. PARKER & A.D. LE. 1996. Dexfenfluramine and 8-OH-DPAT modulate impulsivity in a delay-of-reward paradigm: implications for a correspondence with alcohol consumption. Behav. Pharmacol. 7: 395-399.
    • (1996) Behav. Pharmacol. , vol.7 , pp. 395-399
    • Poulos, C.X.1    Parker, J.L.2    Le, A.D.3
  • 46
    • 0032694429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacology of impulsive behaviour in rats VI: The effects of ethanol and selective serotonergic drugs on response choice with varying delays of reinforcement
    • EVENDEN, J.L. & C.N. RYAN. 1999. The pharmacology of impulsive behaviour in rats VI: the effects of ethanol and selective serotonergic drugs on response choice with varying delays of reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 146: 413-421.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 413-421
    • Evenden, J.L.1    Ryan, C.N.2
  • 47
    • 0036241971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficits in impulse control associated with tonically-elevated serotonergic function in rat prefrontal cortex
    • DALLEY, J.W. et al. 2002. Deficits in impulse control associated with tonically-elevated serotonergic function in rat prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 26: 716-728.
    • (2002) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.26 , pp. 716-728
    • Dalley, J.W.1
  • 48
    • 0344082214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global 5-HT depletion attenuates the ability of amphetamine to decrease impulsive choice on a delay-discounting task in rats
    • WINSTANLEY, C.A. et al. 2003. Global 5-HT depletion attenuates the ability of amphetamine to decrease impulsive choice on a delay-discounting task in rats. Psychopharmacology 170: 320-321.
    • (2003) Psychopharmacology , vol.170 , pp. 320-321
    • Winstanley, C.A.1
  • 49
    • 0029824967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacology of impulsive behaviour in rats: The effects of drugs on response choice with varying delays of reinforcement
    • EVENDEN, J.L. & C.N. RYAN. 1996. The pharmacology of impulsive behaviour in rats: the effects of drugs on response choice with varying delays of reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 128: 161-170.
    • (1996) Psychopharmacology , vol.128 , pp. 161-170
    • Evenden, J.L.1    Ryan, C.N.2
  • 50
    • 0016190722 scopus 로고
    • Rapid depletion of serum tryptophan, brain tryptophan, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid by a trytophan-free diet
    • BIGGIO, G. et al. 1974. Rapid depletion of serum tryptophan, brain tryptophan, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid by a trytophan-free diet. Life Sci. 14: 1321-1329.
    • (1974) Life Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 1321-1329
    • Biggio, G.1
  • 51
    • 0018891336 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a tryptophan-free diet on prolactin and corticosterone release by serotonergic stimuli
    • CLEMENS, J.A., D.R. BENNETT & R.W. FULLER. 1980. The effect of a tryptophan-free diet on prolactin and corticosterone release by serotonergic stimuli. Horm. Metab. Res. 12: 35-38.
    • (1980) Horm. Metab. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 35-38
    • Clemens, J.A.1    Bennett, D.R.2    Fuller, R.W.3
  • 52
    • 0024308830 scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of dietary tryptophan restriction in healthy subjects
    • DELGADO, P.L. et al. 1989. Neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of dietary tryptophan restriction in healthy subjects. Life Sci. 45: 2323-2332.
    • (1989) Life Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 2323-2332
    • Delgado, P.L.1
  • 53
    • 0033036573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in normal volunteers
    • WILLIAMS, W.A. et al. 1999. Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in normal volunteers. J. Neurochem. 72: 1641-1647.
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.72 , pp. 1641-1647
    • Williams, W.A.1
  • 54
    • 0031782136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tryptophan depletion during continuous CSF sampling in healthy human subjects
    • CARPENTER, L.L. et al. 1998. Tryptophan depletion during continuous CSF sampling in healthy human subjects. Neuropsychopharmacology 19: 26-35.
    • (1998) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.19 , pp. 26-35
    • Carpenter, L.L.1
  • 55
    • 0036449482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lowering of serotonin by rapid tryptophan depletion increases impulsiveness in normal individuals
    • WALDERHAUG, E. et al. 2002. Lowering of serotonin by rapid tryptophan depletion increases impulsiveness in normal individuals. Psychopharmacology 164: 385-391.
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.164 , pp. 385-391
    • Walderhaug, E.1
  • 56
    • 0037111906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of tryptophan depletion on impulsive behavior in men with or without a family history of alcoholism
    • CREAN, J., J.B. RICHARDS & H. DE WIT. 2002. Effect of tryptophan depletion on impulsive behavior in men with or without a family history of alcoholism. Behav. Brain Res. 136: 349-357.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.136 , pp. 349-357
    • Crean, J.1    Richards, J.B.2    De Wit, H.3
  • 57
    • 0000624888 scopus 로고
    • The behavior of children receiving Benzedrine
    • BRADLEY, C. 1937. The behavior of children receiving Benzedrine. Am. J. Psychiatry 94: 577-585.
    • (1937) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.94 , pp. 577-585
    • Bradley, C.1
  • 59
    • 0037051137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviour explained by dysfunctioning reinforcement and extinction processes
    • JOHANSEN, E.B. et al. 2002. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviour explained by dysfunctioning reinforcement and extinction processes. Behav. Brain Res. 130: 37-45.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.130 , pp. 37-45
    • Johansen, E.B.1
  • 60
    • 0035852691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperactivity and impaired response habituation in hyperdopaminergic mice
    • ZHUANG, X. et al. 2001. Hyperactivity and impaired response habituation in hyperdopaminergic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 1982-1987.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 1982-1987
    • Zhuang, X.1
  • 61
    • 17344393861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and hyperkinetic disorder
    • SWANSON, J. et al. 1998. Cognitive neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and hyperkinetic disorder. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 8: 263-271.
    • (1998) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.8 , pp. 263-271
    • Swanson, J.1
  • 62
    • 0037051132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate elevates resting dopamine which lowers the impulse-triggered release of dopamine: A hypothesis
    • SEEMAN, P. & B. MADRAS. 2002. Methylphenidate elevates resting dopamine which lowers the impulse-triggered release of dopamine: a hypothesis. Behav. Brain Res. 130: 79-83.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.130 , pp. 79-83
    • Seeman, P.1    Madras, B.2
  • 63
    • 0037051154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine dysfunction in AD/HD: Integrating clinical and basic neuroscience research
    • SOLANTO, M.V. 2002. Dopamine dysfunction in AD/HD: integrating clinical and basic neuroscience research. Behav. Brain Res. 130: 65-71.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.130 , pp. 65-71
    • Solanto, M.V.1
  • 64
    • 0025357163 scopus 로고
    • The spontaneously hypertensive rat as an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Effects of methylphenidate on exploratory behavior
    • WULTZ, B. et al. 1990. The spontaneously hypertensive rat as an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: effects of methylphenidate on exploratory behavior. Behav. Neural Biol. 53: 88-102.
    • (1990) Behav. Neural Biol. , vol.53 , pp. 88-102
    • Wultz, B.1
  • 65
    • 0026498641 scopus 로고
    • The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model of childhood hyperactivity (ADHD): Changed reactivity to reinforcers and to psychomotor stimulants
    • SAGVOLDEN, T. et al. 1992. The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model of childhood hyperactivity (ADHD): changed reactivity to reinforcers and to psychomotor stimulants. Behav. Neural Biol. 58: 103-112.
    • (1992) Behav. Neural Biol. , vol.58 , pp. 103-112
    • Sagvolden, T.1
  • 66
    • 0027501961 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as a putative animal model of childhood hyperkinesis: SHR behavior compared to four other rat strains
    • SAGVOLDEN, T., M.B. PETTERSEN & M.C. LARSEN. 1993. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as a putative animal model of childhood hyperkinesis: SHR behavior compared to four other rat strains. Physiol. Behav. 54: 1047-1055.
    • (1993) Physiol. Behav. , vol.54 , pp. 1047-1055
    • Sagvolden, T.1    Pettersen, M.B.2    Larsen, M.C.3
  • 67
    • 0033962321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral validation of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD)
    • SAGVOLDEN, T. 2000. Behavioral validation of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24: 31-39.
    • (2000) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 31-39
    • Sagvolden, T.1
  • 68
    • 0033045288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behavior of spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats under a paced fixed consecutive number schedule of reinforcement
    • EVENDEN, J.L. & B. MEYERSON. 1999. The behavior of spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats under a paced fixed consecutive number schedule of reinforcement. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 63: 71-82.
    • (1999) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.63 , pp. 71-82
    • Evenden, J.L.1    Meyerson, B.2
  • 69
    • 0028988494 scopus 로고
    • Alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated inhibition of [3H]dopamine release from nucleus accumbens slices and monoamine levels in a rat model for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • DE VILLIERS, A.S. et al. 1995. Alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated inhibition of [3H]dopamine release from nucleus accumbens slices and monoamine levels in a rat model for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neurochem. Res. 20: 427-433.
    • (1995) Neurochem. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 427-433
    • De Villiers, A.S.1
  • 70
    • 0032127162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between electrically-, ritalin- and D-amphetamine- stimulated release of [H-3]dopamine from brain slices suggest impaired vesicular storage of dopamine in an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • RUSSELL, V. et al. 1998. Differences between electrically-, ritalin- and D-amphetamine- stimulated release of [H-3]dopamine from brain slices suggest impaired vesicular storage of dopamine in an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 163-171.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 163-171
    • Russell, V.1
  • 71
    • 0033958141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nucleus accumbens motor-limbic interface of the spontaneously hypertensive rat as studied in vitro by the superfusion slice technique
    • RUSSELL, V.A. 2000. The nucleus accumbens motor-limbic interface of the spontaneously hypertensive rat as studied in vitro by the superfusion slice technique. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24: 133-136.
    • (2000) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 133-136
    • Russell, V.A.1
  • 72
    • 0028917487 scopus 로고
    • Altered dopaminergic function in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - The spontaneously hypertensive rat
    • RUSSELL, V. et al. 1995. Altered dopaminergic function in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Brain Res. 676: 343-351.
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.676 , pp. 343-351
    • Russell, V.1
  • 73
    • 0030481498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced CaMKII-positive neurons in the accumbens shell of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • PAPA, M. et al. 1996. Reduced CaMKII-positive neurons in the accumbens shell of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuroreport 7: 3017-3020.
    • (1996) Neuroreport , vol.7 , pp. 3017-3020
    • Papa, M.1
  • 74
    • 0032126390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced transduction mechanisms in the anterior accumbal interface of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • PAPA, M., J.A. SERGEANT & A.G. SADILE. 1998. Reduced transduction mechanisms in the anterior accumbal interface of an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 187-195.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 187-195
    • Papa, M.1    Sergeant, J.A.2    Sadile, A.G.3
  • 75
    • 0032126383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution, affinity and plasticity of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptors in the target sites of the mesolimbic system in an animal model of ADHD
    • CAREY, M.P. et al. 1998. Differential distribution, affinity and plasticity of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptors in the target sites of the mesolimbic system in an animal model of ADHD. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 173-185.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 173-185
    • Carey, M.P.1
  • 76
    • 0035082714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological mechanisms in hyperactivity. I. Response inhibition deficit, working memory impairment, delay aversion, or something else?
    • KUNTSI, J., J. OOSTERLAAN & J. STEVENSON. 2001. Psychological mechanisms in hyperactivity. I. Response inhibition deficit, working memory impairment, delay aversion, or something else? J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 42: 199-210.
    • (2001) J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 199-210
    • Kuntsi, J.1    Oosterlaan, J.2    Stevenson, J.3
  • 77
    • 0037051167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD - A dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition
    • SONUGA-BARKE, E.J. 2002. Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD - a dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition. Behav. Brain Res. 130: 29-36.
    • (2002) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.130 , pp. 29-36
    • Sonuga-Barke, E.J.1
  • 78
    • 0032127304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms of stimulant drug action in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review and integration
    • SOLANTO, M.V. 1998. Neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms of stimulant drug action in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a review and integration. Behav. Brain Res. 94: 127-152.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.94 , pp. 127-152
    • Solanto, M.V.1
  • 79
    • 0032739448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of methamphetamine on the adjusting amount procedure, a model of impulsive behavior in rats
    • RICHARDS, J.B., K.E. SABOL & H. DE WIT. 1999. Effects of methamphetamine on the adjusting amount procedure, a model of impulsive behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology 146: 432-439.
    • (1999) Psychopharmacology , vol.146 , pp. 432-439
    • Richards, J.B.1    Sabol, K.E.2    De Wit, H.3
  • 80
    • 0034091455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dopaminergic drugs on delayed reward as a measure of impulsive behavior in rats
    • WADE, T.R., H. DE WIT & J.B. RICHARDS. 2000. Effects of dopaminergic drugs on delayed reward as a measure of impulsive behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology 150: 90-101.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.150 , pp. 90-101
    • Wade, T.R.1    De Wit, H.2    Richards, J.B.3
  • 81
    • 0036849790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute administration of d-amphetamine decreases impulsivity in healthy volunteers
    • DE WIT, H., J.L. ENGGASSER & J.B. RICHARDS. 2002. Acute administration of d-amphetamine decreases impulsivity in healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology 27: 813-825.
    • (2002) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.27 , pp. 813-825
    • De Wit, H.1    Enggasser, J.L.2    Richards, J.B.3
  • 82
    • 0000990941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of two models of impulsive behavior in rats: Effects of amphetamine and haloperidol
    • RICHARDS, J.B. et al. 1997. Comparison of two models of impulsive behavior in rats: effects of amphetamine and haloperidol. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 23: 2406.
    • (1997) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.23 , pp. 2406
    • Richards, J.B.1
  • 83
    • 0342288082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of psychotropic drugs on rat responding in an operant paradigm involving choice between delayed reinforcers
    • CHARRIER, D. & M.H. THIEBOT. 1996. Effects of psychotropic drugs on rat responding in an operant paradigm involving choice between delayed reinforcers. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 54: 149-157.
    • (1996) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.54 , pp. 149-157
    • Charrier, D.1    Thiebot, M.H.2
  • 84
    • 0026485336 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine decreases self-control in rats: A preliminary report
    • LOGUE, A.W. et al. 1992. Cocaine decreases self-control in rats: a preliminary report. Psychopharmacology 109: 245-247.
    • (1992) Psychopharmacology , vol.109 , pp. 245-247
    • Logue, A.W.1
  • 86
    • 0030920737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choice, delay, probability, and conditioned reinforcement
    • MAZUR, J.E. 1997. Choice, delay, probability, and conditioned reinforcement. Anim. Learn. Behav. 25: 131-147.
    • (1997) Anim. Learn. Behav. , vol.25 , pp. 131-147
    • Mazur, J.E.1
  • 87
    • 0026054018 scopus 로고
    • Preference for conditioned reinforcement
    • WILLIAMS, B.A. & R. DUNN. 1991. Preference for conditioned reinforcement. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 55: 37-46.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Anal. Behav. , vol.55 , pp. 37-46
    • Williams, B.A.1    Dunn, R.2
  • 88
    • 0033662548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of d-amphetamine, chlordiazepoxide, alpha-flupenthixol and behavioural manipulations on choice of signalled and unsignalled delayed reinforcement in rats
    • CARDINAL, R. N., T.W. ROBBINS & B.J. EVERITT. 2000. The effects of d-amphetamine, chlordiazepoxide, alpha-flupenthixol and behavioural manipulations on choice of signalled and unsignalled delayed reinforcement in rats. Psychopharmacology 152: 362-375.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.152 , pp. 362-375
    • Cardinal, R.N.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 89
    • 0002933298 scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of conditioned reinforcement as a mechanism of psychomotor stimulation
    • E. Costa & S. Garattini, Eds.: Raven Press. New York
    • HILL, R.T. 1970. Facilitation of conditioned reinforcement as a mechanism of psychomotor stimulation. In International Symposium on Amphetamines and Related Compounds. E. Costa & S. Garattini, Eds.: 781-795. Raven Press. New York.
    • (1970) International Symposium on Amphetamines and Related Compounds , pp. 781-795
    • Hill, R.T.1
  • 90
    • 0017166673 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between reward-enhancing and stereotypical effects of psychomotor stimulant drugs
    • ROBBINS, T.W. 1976. Relationship between reward-enhancing and stereotypical effects of psychomotor stimulant drugs. Nature 264: 57-59.
    • (1976) Nature , vol.264 , pp. 57-59
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 91
    • 0018149794 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of responding with conditioned reinforcement: Effects of pipradrol, methylphenidate, d-amphetamine, and nomifensine
    • ROBBINS, T.W. 1978. The acquisition of responding with conditioned reinforcement: effects of pipradrol, methylphenidate, d-amphetamine, and nomifensine. Psychopharmacology 58: 79-87.
    • (1978) Psychopharmacology , vol.58 , pp. 79-87
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 92
    • 0020519668 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting interactions of pipradrol, d-amphetamine, cocaine, cocaine analogues, apomorphine and other drugs with conditioned reinforcement
    • ROBBINS, T.W. et al. 1983. Contrasting interactions of pipradrol, d-amphetamine, cocaine, cocaine analogues, apomorphine and other drugs with conditioned reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 80: 113-119.
    • (1983) Psychopharmacology , vol.80 , pp. 113-119
    • Robbins, T.W.1
  • 94
    • 84993845533 scopus 로고
    • Discounting of delayed rewards: Models of individual choice
    • MYERSON, J. & L. GREEN. 1995. Discounting of delayed rewards: models of individual choice. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 64: 263-276.
    • (1995) J. Exp. Anal. Behav. , vol.64 , pp. 263-276
    • Myerson, J.1    Green, L.2
  • 95
    • 0034589404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbic cortical-ventral striatal systems underlying appetitive conditioning
    • PARKINSON, J.A., R.N. CARDINAL & B.J. EVERITT. 2000. Limbic cortical-ventral striatal systems underlying appetitive conditioning. Prog. Brain Res. 126: 263-285.
    • (2000) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.126 , pp. 263-285
    • Parkinson, J.A.1    Cardinal, R.N.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 96
    • 0029995617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation
    • ROBBINS, T.W. & B.J. EVERITT. 1996. Neurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 6: 228-236.
    • (1996) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.6 , pp. 228-236
    • Robbins, T.W.1    Everitt, B.J.2
  • 97
    • 0030973467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine: Empirical and conceptual problems with the anhedonia hypothesis
    • SALAMONE, J.D., M.S. COUSINS & B.J. SNYDER. 1997. Behavioral functions of nucleus accumbens dopamine: empirical and conceptual problems with the anhedonia hypothesis. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 21: 341-359.
    • (1997) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.21 , pp. 341-359
    • Salamone, J.D.1    Cousins, M.S.2    Snyder, B.J.3
  • 98
    • 0032811275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associative processes in addiction and reward: The role of amygdala-ventral striatal subsystems
    • EVERITT, B.J. et al. 1999. Associative processes in addiction and reward: the role of amygdala-ventral striatal subsystems. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 877: 412-438.
    • (1999) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.877 , pp. 412-438
    • Everitt, B.J.1
  • 99
    • 0030828693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triple dissociation of anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, and medial frontal cortices on visual discrimination tasks using a touchscreen testing procedure for the rat
    • BUSSEY, T.J. et al. 1997. Triple dissociation of anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, and medial frontal cortices on visual discrimination tasks using a touchscreen testing procedure for the rat. Behav. Neurosci. 111: 920-936.
    • (1997) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.111 , pp. 920-936
    • Bussey, T.J.1
  • 100
    • 0030731499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociable effects of cingulate and medial frontal cortex lesions on stimulus-reward learning using a novel Pavlovian autoshaping procedure for the rat: Implications for the neurobiology of emotion
    • BUSSEY, T.J., B.J. EVERITT & T.W. ROBBINS. 1997. Dissociable effects of cingulate and medial frontal cortex lesions on stimulus-reward learning using a novel Pavlovian autoshaping procedure for the rat: implications for the neurobiology of emotion. Behav. Neurosci. 111: 908-919.
    • (1997) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.111 , pp. 908-919
    • Bussey, T.J.1    Everitt, B.J.2    Robbins, T.W.3
  • 101
    • 0034013103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disconnection of the anterior cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens core impairs Pavlovian approach behavior: Further evidence for limbic cortical-ventral striatopallidal systems
    • PARKINSON, J.A. et al. 2000. Disconnection of the anterior cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens core impairs Pavlovian approach behavior: Further evidence for limbic cortical-ventral striatopallidal systems. Behav, Neurosci. 114: 42-63.
    • (2000) Behav, Neurosci. , vol.114 , pp. 42-63
    • Parkinson, J.A.1
  • 102
    • 0031801210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed instrumental action: Contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates
    • BALLEINE, B.W. & A. DICKINSON. 1998. Goal-directed instrumental action: contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates. Neuropharmacology 37: 407-419.
    • (1998) Neuropharmacology , vol.37 , pp. 407-419
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 103
    • 0033168688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different contributions of the human amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to decision-making
    • BECHARA, A. et al. 1999. Different contributions of the human amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex to decision-making. J. Neurosci. 19: 5473-5481.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 5473-5481
    • Bechara, A.1
  • 104
    • 0033800889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The medial prefrontal cortex as a part of the brain reward system
    • TZSCHENTKE, T.M. 2000. The medial prefrontal cortex as a part of the brain reward system. Amino Acids 19: 211-219.
    • (2000) Amino Acids , vol.19 , pp. 211-219
    • Tzschentke, T.M.1
  • 105
    • 0032212159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in medial prefrontal cortical dopamine levels associated with response-contingent food reward: An electrochemical study in rat
    • RICHARDSON, N.R. & A. GRATTON. 1998. Changes in medial prefrontal cortical dopamine levels associated with response-contingent food reward: an electrochemical study in rat. J. Neurosci. 18: 9130-9138.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 9130-9138
    • Richardson, N.R.1    Gratton, A.2
  • 106
    • 0002933884 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin and tachykinin systems
    • G. Paxinos, Ed.: Academic Press. London
    • HALLIDAY, G., A. HARDING & G. PAXINOS. 1995. Serotonin and tachykinin systems. In The Rat Nervous System. G. Paxinos, Ed.: 929-974. Academic Press. London.
    • (1995) The Rat Nervous System , pp. 929-974
    • Halliday, G.1    Harding, A.2    Paxinos, G.3
  • 107
    • 0000735715 scopus 로고
    • Substantia nigra
    • G. Paxinos, Ed.: Academic Press. London
    • FALLON, J.H. & S.E. LOUGHLIN. 1995. Substantia nigra. In The Rat Nervous System. G. Paxinos, Ed.: 215-237. Academic Press. London.
    • (1995) The Rat Nervous System , pp. 215-237
    • Fallon, J.H.1    Loughlin, S.E.2
  • 108
    • 0032146143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DOPA decarboxylase activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults. A [fluorine-18]fluorodopa positron emission tomographic study
    • ERNST, M. et al. 1998. DOPA decarboxylase activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults. A [fluorine-18]fluorodopa positron emission tomographic study. J. Neurosci. 18: 5901-5907.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 5901-5907
    • Ernst, M.1
  • 109
    • 0000925786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder revealed by fMRI and the Counting Stroop
    • BUSH, G. et al. 1999. Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder revealed by fMRI and the Counting Stroop. Biol. Psychiatry 45: 1542-1552.
    • (1999) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 1542-1552
    • Bush, G.1
  • 110
    • 0033014403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: A study with functional MRI
    • RUBIA, K. et al. 1999. Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: a study with functional MRI. Am. J. Psychiatry 156: 891-896.
    • (1999) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 891-896
    • Rubia, K.1
  • 111
    • 0033962039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple evidence of a segmental defect in the anterior forebrain of an animal model of hyperactivity and attention deficit
    • SADILE, A.G. 2000. Multiple evidence of a segmental defect in the anterior forebrain of an animal model of hyperactivity and attention deficit. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24: 161-169.
    • (2000) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 161-169
    • Sadile, A.G.1
  • 112
    • 0033984190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remodeling of neural networks in the anterior forebrain of an animal model of hyperactivity and attention deficits as monitored by molecular imaging probes
    • PAPA, M., S. SELLITTI & A.G. SADILE. 2000. Remodeling of neural networks in the anterior forebrain of an animal model of hyperactivity and attention deficits as monitored by molecular imaging probes. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 24: 149-156.
    • (2000) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 149-156
    • Papa, M.1    Sellitti, S.2    Sadile, A.G.3
  • 113
    • 0035968007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulsive choice induced in rats by lesions of the nucleus accumbens core
    • CARDINAL, R.N. et al. 2001. Impulsive choice induced in rats by lesions of the nucleus accumbens core. Science 292: 2499-2501.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 2499-2501
    • Cardinal, R.N.1
  • 114
    • 0028589497 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens on instrumental action
    • BALLEINE, B. & S. KILLCROSS. 1994. Effects of ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens on instrumental action. Behav. Brain Res. 65: 181-93.
    • (1994) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.65 , pp. 181-193
    • Balleine, B.1    Killcross, S.2
  • 115
    • 0028791977 scopus 로고
    • Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens
    • BROWN, V.J. & E.M. BOWMAN. 1995. Discriminative cues indicating reward magnitude continue to determine reaction time of rats following lesions of the nucleus accumbens. Eur. J. Neurosci. 7: 2479-2485.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 2479-2485
    • Brown, V.J.1    Bowman, E.M.2
  • 116
    • 0025723425 scopus 로고
    • The effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens on a matching to position task
    • READING, P.J. & S.B. DUNNETT. 1991. The effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens on a matching to position task. Behav. Brain Res. 46: 17-29.
    • (1991) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.46 , pp. 17-29
    • Reading, P.J.1    Dunnett, S.B.2
  • 117
    • 0028194966 scopus 로고
    • The involvement of nucleus accumbens dopamine in appetitive and aversive motivation
    • SALAMONE, J. D. 1994. The involvement of nucleus accumbens dopamine in appetitive and aversive motivation. Behav. Brain Res. 61: 117-133.
    • (1994) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.61 , pp. 117-133
    • Salamone, J.D.1
  • 118
    • 0032767117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens core and shell differentially affect aversive Pavlovian conditioning to discrete and contextual cues
    • PARKINSON, J.A., T.W. ROBBINS & B.J. EVERITT. 1999. Selective excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens core and shell differentially affect aversive Pavlovian conditioning to discrete and contextual cues. Psychobiology 27: 256-266.
    • (1999) Psychobiology , vol.27 , pp. 256-266
    • Parkinson, J.A.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 119
    • 0029898666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cerebral cortex of the rat and visual attentional function: Dissociable effects of mediofrontal, cingulate, anterior dorsolateral, and parietal cortex lesions on a five-choice serial reaction time task
    • MUIR, J.L., B.J. EVERITT & T.W. ROBBINS. 1996. The cerebral cortex of the rat and visual attentional function: dissociable effects of mediofrontal, cingulate, anterior dorsolateral, and parietal cortex lesions on a five-choice serial reaction time task. Cereb. Cortex 6: 470-481.
    • (1996) Cereb. Cortex , vol.6 , pp. 470-481
    • Muir, J.L.1    Everitt, B.J.2    Robbins, T.W.3
  • 120
    • 0037114948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of rat medial frontal cortex in effort-based decision making
    • WALTON, M.E., D.M. BANNERMAN & M.F. RUSHWORTH. 2002. The role of rat medial frontal cortex in effort-based decision making. J. Neurosci. 22: 10996-11003.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 10996-11003
    • Walton, M.E.1    Bannerman, D.M.2    Rushworth, M.F.3
  • 121
    • 0042343820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional specialization within medial frontal cortex of the anterior cingulate for evaluating effort-related decisions
    • WALTON, M.E. et al. 2003. Functional specialization within medial frontal cortex of the anterior cingulate for evaluating effort-related decisions. J. Neurosci. 23: 6475-6479.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 6475-6479
    • Walton, M.E.1
  • 122
    • 0031742334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional dissociation of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus in timing behavior
    • DIETRICH, A. & J.D. ALLEN. 1998. Functional dissociation of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus in timing behavior. Behav. Neurosci. 112: 1043-1047.
    • (1998) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.112 , pp. 1043-1047
    • Dietrich, A.1    Allen, J.D.2
  • 123
    • 0001838576 scopus 로고
    • Reinforcement schedules and psychophysical judgment: A study of some temporal properties of behavior
    • W.N. Schoenfeld, Ed.: Appleton Century Crofts. New York
    • CATANIA, A.C. 1970. Reinforcement schedules and psychophysical judgment: A study of some temporal properties of behavior. In The Theory of Reinforcement Schedules. W.N. Schoenfeld, Ed.: 1-42. Appleton Century Crofts. New York.
    • (1970) The Theory of Reinforcement Schedules , pp. 1-42
    • Catania, A.C.1
  • 125
    • 0036118462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of lesions of the orbitofrontal cortex on sensitivity to delayed and probabilistic reinforcement
    • MOBINI, S. et al. 2002. Effects of lesions of the orbitofrontal cortex on sensitivity to delayed and probabilistic reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 160: 290-298.
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.160 , pp. 290-298
    • Mobini, S.1
  • 126
    • 0036936673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of quinolinic acid-induced lesions of the orbital prefrontal cortex on inter-temporal choice: A quantitative analysis
    • KHERAMIN, S. et al. 2002. Effects of quinolinic acid-induced lesions of the orbital prefrontal cortex on inter-temporal choice: a quantitative analysis. Psychopharmacology 165: 9-17.
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.165 , pp. 9-17
    • Kheramin, S.1
  • 127
    • 0033560090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation in effects of lesions of the nucleus accumbens core and shell on appetitive Pavlovian approach behavior and the potentiation of conditioned reinforcement and locomotor activity by d-amphetamine
    • PARKINSON, J.A. et al. 1999. Dissociation in effects of lesions of the nucleus accumbens core and shell on appetitive Pavlovian approach behavior and the potentiation of conditioned reinforcement and locomotor activity by d-amphetamine. J. Neurosci. 19: 2401-2411.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 2401-2411
    • Parkinson, J.A.1
  • 128
    • 0742322863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal cortico-ventral striatal interactions involved in affective modulation of attentional performance: Implications for corticostriated circuit function
    • CHRISTAKOU, A., T.W. ROBBINS &. B.J. EVERITT. 2004. Prefrontal cortico-ventral striatal interactions involved in affective modulation of attentional performance: implications for corticostriated circuit function. J. Neurosci. 24: 773-780.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 773-780
    • Christakou, A.1    Robbins, T.W.2    Everitt, B.J.3
  • 129
    • 0024349046 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nucleus accumbens septi on performance of a 5-choice serial reaction time task in rats: Implications for theories of selective attention and arousal
    • COLE, B.J. & T.W. ROBBINS. 1989. Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nucleus accumbens septi on performance of a 5-choice serial reaction time task in rats: implications for theories of selective attention and arousal. Behav. Brain Res. 33: 165-179.
    • (1989) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.33 , pp. 165-179
    • Cole, B.J.1    Robbins, T.W.2
  • 131
    • 0032169803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroscience of addiction
    • KOOB, G.F., P.P. SANNA & F.E. BLOOM. 1998. Neuroscience of addiction. Neuron 21: 467-476.
    • (1998) Neuron , vol.21 , pp. 467-476
    • Koob, G.F.1    Sanna, P.P.2    Bloom, F.E.3
  • 133
    • 3042713510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk taking and novelty seeking in adolescence: Introduction to Part I
    • KELLEY, A.E., T SCHOCKET & C.F. LANDRY. 2004. Risk taking and novelty seeking in adolescence: Introduction to Part I. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1021: 27-32.
    • (2004) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1021 , pp. 27-32
    • Kelley, A.E.1    Schocket, T.2    Landry, C.F.3
  • 134
    • 3042833427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescent brain development: A period of vulnerabilities and opportunities. Keynote address
    • DAHL, R.E. 2004. Adolescent brain development: a period of vulnerabilities and opportunities. Keynote address. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1021: 1-22.
    • (2004) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1021 , pp. 1-22
    • Dahl, R.E.1
  • 135
    • 2442651554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting roles of basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive choice
    • In press
    • WINSTANLEY, C.A. et al. 2004. Contrasting roles of basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive choice. J. Neurosci. In press.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci.
    • Winstanley, C.A.1
  • 136
    • 0037105933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LTP in the mouse nucleus accumbens is develpmentally regulated
    • SCHRAMM, N.L.. R.E. EGLI & D.G. WINDER. 2002. LTP in the mouse nucleus accumbens is develpmentally regulated. Synapse 45: 213-219.
    • (2002) Synapse , vol.45 , pp. 213-219
    • Schramm, N.L.1    Egli, R.E.2    Winder, D.G.3
  • 137
    • 0035940285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotaxic localization of the developing nucleus accumbens septi
    • PHILPOT, R.M., S. MCQUOWN & C.L. KIRSTEIN. 2001. Stereotaxic localization of the developing nucleus accumbens septi. Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 130: 149-150.
    • (2001) Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. , vol.130 , pp. 149-150
    • Philpot, R.M.1    Mcquown, S.2    Kirstein, C.L.3
  • 138
    • 0033985293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in dopamine receptors and their relevance to ADHD
    • ANDERSEN, S.L. & M.H. TEICHER. 2000. Sex differences in dopamine receptors and their relevance to ADHD. Neurosci. Behav. Rev. 24: 137-141.
    • (2000) Neurosci. Behav. Rev. , vol.24 , pp. 137-141
    • Andersen, S.L.1    Teicher, M.H.2
  • 139
    • 0043167900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated levels of impulsivity and reduced place conditioning with d-amphetamine: Two behavioral features of adolescence in mice
    • ADRIANI, W. & G. LAVIOLA. 2003. Elevated levels of impulsivity and reduced place conditioning with d-amphetamine: two behavioral features of adolescence in mice. Behav. Neurosci. 117: 695-703.
    • (2003) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.117 , pp. 695-703
    • Adriani, W.1    Laviola, G.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.