Of the atypical PKCs, Par-4 and p62: Recent understandings of the biology and pathology of a PB1-dominated complex

Cell Death and Differentiation

Volumn 16, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1426-1437

  Moscat, J ^a   Diaz Meco, M T ^a   Wooten, M W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b AUBURN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; PROTEIN KINASE C; PROTEIN P62; PROTEINASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 4; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

CARCINOGENESIS; CELL POLARITY; ENDOMETRIUM CARCINOMA; GENE EXPRESSION; LUNG CANCER; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN AGGREGATION; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; UPREGULATION;

ADAPTOR PROTEINS, SIGNAL TRANSDUCING; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS REGULATORY PROTEINS; HUMANS; MICE; PROTEIN INTERACTION DOMAINS AND MOTIFS; PROTEIN KINASE C; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS;

MUS;

EID: 70350037529     PISSN: 13509047     EISSN: 14765403     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.119     Document Type: Review

References (138)

1. Nishizuka Y. Protein kinase C and lipid signaling for sustained cellular responses. FASEB J 1995; 9: 484-496.
2. Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT, Albert A, Campuzano S. Cell Signaling and Function Organized by PB1 Domain Interactions. Mol Cell 2006; 23: 631-640.
3. Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT. The atypical protein kinase Cs. Functional specificity mediated by specific protein adapters. EMBO Rep 2000; 1: 399-403.
4. Sumimoto H, Kamakura S, Ito T. Structure and function of the PB1 domain, a protein interaction module conserved in animals, fungi, amoebas, and plants. Sci STKE 2007; re6.
5. Puls A, Schmidt S, Grawe F, Stabel S. Interaction of protein kinase C zeta with ZIP, a novel protein kinase C- binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 6191-6196.
6. Sanchez P, De Carcer G, Sandoval IV, Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT. Localization of atypical protein kinase C isoforms into lysosome- targeted endosomes through interaction with p62. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18: 3069-3080.
7. Macara IG. Par proteins: Partners in polarization. Curr Biol 2004; 14: R160-R162.
8. Ohno S. Intercellular junctions and cellular polarity: The PAR-aPKC complex, a conserved core cassette playing fundamental roles in cell polarity. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2001; 13: 641-648.
9. Duran A, Linares JF, Galvez AS, Wikenheiser K, Flores JM, Diaz-Meco MT et al. The signaling adaptor p62 is an important NF-kappaB mediator in tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2008; 13: 343-354.
10. Macek B, Benda C, Jestel A, Maskos K, Mann M, Messerschmidt A. Phosphorylation of the human full-length protein kinase Ciota. J Proteome Res 2008; 7: 2928-2935.
11. Dominguez I, Diaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Berra E, Garcia de Herreros A, Cornet ME et al. Evidence for a role of protein kinase C zeta subspecies in maturation of Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Cell Biol 1992; 12: 3776-3783.
12. Dominguez I, Sanz L, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Diaz-Meco MT, Virelizier JL, Moscat J. Inhibition of protein kinase C zeta subspecies blocks the activation of an NF-kappa B-like activity in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Cell Biol 1993; 13: 1290-1295.
13. Soloff RS, Katayama C, Lin MY, Feramisco JR, Hedrick SM. Targeted deletion of protein kinase C lambda reveals a distribution of functions between the two atypical protein kinase C isoforms. J Immunol 2004; 173: 3250-3260.
14. Leitges M, Sanz L, Martin P, Duran A, Braun U, Garcia JF et al. Targeted disruption of the zetaPKC gene results in the impairment of the NF-kappaB pathway. Mol Cell 2001; 8: 771-780.
15. Martin P, Duran A, Minguet S, Gaspar ML, Diaz-Meco MT, Rennert P et al. Role of zeta PKC in B-cell signaling and function. EMBO J 2002; 21: 4049-4057.
16. Martin P, Villares R, Rodriguez-Mascarenhas S, Zaballos A, Leitges M, Kovac J et al. Control of T helper 2 cell function and allergic airway inflammation by PKC{zeta}. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 9866-9871.
17. Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT, Rennert P. NF-kappaB activation by protein kinase C isoforms and B-cell function. EMBO Rep 2003; 4: 31-36.
18. Diaz-Meco MT, Berra E, Municio MM, Sanz L, Lozano J, Dominguez I et al. A dominant negative protein kinase C zeta subspecies blocks NF-kappa B activation. Mol Cell Biol 1993; 13: 4770-4775.
19. Anrather J, Csizmadia V, Soares MP, Winkler H. Regulation of NF-kappaB RelA phosphorylation and transcriptional activity by p21(ras) and protein kinase Czeta in primary endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 13594-13603.
20. Duran A, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. Essential role of RelA Ser311 phosphorylation by zetaPKC in NF-kappaB transcriptional activation. EMBO J 2003; 22: 3910-3918.
21. Tabuse Y, Izumi Y, Piano F, Kemphues KJ, Miwa J, Ohno S. Atypical protein kinase C cooperates with PAR-3 to establish embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Development 1998; 125: 3607-3614.
22. Wodarz A, Ramrath A, Kuchinke U, Knust E. Bazooka provides an apical cue for Inscuteable localization in Drosophila neuroblasts. Nature 1999; 402: 544-547.
23. Cox DN, Seyfried SA, Jan LY, Jan YN. Bazooka and atypical protein kinase C are required to regulate oocyte differentiation in the Drosophila ovary. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98: 14475-14480.
24. Cai Y, Yu F, Lin S, Chia W, Yang X. Apical complex genes control mitotic spindle geometry and relative size of daughter cells in Drosophila neuroblast and pI asymmetric divisions. Cell 2003; 112: 51-62.
25. Betschinger J, Mechtler K, Knoblich JA. The Par complex directs asymmetric cell division by phosphorylating the cytoskeletal protein Lgl. Nature 2003; 422: 326-330.
26. Matsumoto M, Ogawa W, Akimoto K, Inoue H, Miyake K, Furukawa K et al PKClambda in liver mediates insulin-induced SREBP-1c expression and determines both hepatic lipid content and overall insulin sensitivity. J Clin Invest 2003; 112: 935-944.
27. Hashimoto N, Kido Y, Uchida T, Matsuda T, Suzuki K, Inoue H et al. PKClambda regulates glucose-induced insulin secretion through modulation of gene expression in pancreatic beta cells. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 138-145.
28. Farese RV, Sajan MP, Yang H, Li P, Mastorides S, Gower Jr WR et al Muscle-specific knockout of PKC-lambda impairs glucose transport and induces metabolic and diabetic syndromes. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 2289-2301.
29. Yang JQ, Leitges M, Duran A, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. Loss of PKC lambda/ iota impairs Th2 establishment and allergic airway inflammation in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 1099-1104.
30. Moscat J, Rennert P, Diaz-Meco MT. PKCzeta at the crossroad of NF-kappaB and Jak1/Stat6 signaling pathways. Cell Death Differ 2006; 13 702-711.
31. Garcia-Cao I, Lafuente M, Criado L, Diaz-Meco M, Serrano M, Moscat J. Genetic inactivation of Par4 results in hyperactivation of NF-κB and impairment of JNK and p38. EMBO Rep 2003; 4: 307-312.
32. Lafuente MJ, Martin P, Garcia-Cao I, Diaz-Meco MT, Serrano M, Moscat J. Regulation of mature T lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation by Par-4. EMBO J 2003; 22: 4689-4698.
33. Duran A, Rodriguez A, Martin P, Serrano M, Flores JM, Leitges M et al Crosstalk between PKCzeta and the IL4/Stat6 pathway during T-cell-mediated hepatitis. EMBO J 2004; 23: 4595-4605.
34. Sanz L, Sanchez P, Lallena MJ, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The interaction of p62 with RIP links the atypical PKCs to NF-kappaB activation. EMBO J 1999; 18: 3044-3053.
35. Sanz L, Diaz-Meco MT, Nakano H, Moscat J. The atypical PKC-interacting protein p62 channels NF-kappaB activation by the IL-1-TRAF6 pathway. EMBO J 2000; 19: 1576-1586.
36. Wooten MW, Seibenhener ML, Mamidipudi V, Diaz-Meco MT, Barker PA, Moscat J. The atypical protein kinase C-interacting protein p62 is a scaffold for NF-kappaB activation by nerve growth factor. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 7709-7712.
37. Avila A, Silverman N, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The Drosophila atypical protein kinase C-ref(2)p complex constitutes a conserved module for signaling in the toll pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2002; 22: 8787-8795.
38. Martin P, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The signaling adapter p62 is an important mediator of T helper 2 cell function and allergic airway inflammation. EMBO J 2006; 25: 3524-3533.
39. Ozdamar B, Bose R, Barrios-Rodiles M, Wang HR, Zhang Y, Wrana JL. Regulation of the polarity protein Par6 by TGFbeta receptors controls epithelial cell plasticity. Science 2005; 307: 1603-1609.
40. Ludford-Menting MJ, Oliaro J, Sacirbegovic F, Cheah ET, Pedersen N, Thomas SJ et al. A network of PDZ-containing proteins regulates T cell polarity and morphology during migration and immunological synapse formation. Immunity 2005; 22: 737-748.
41. Shi SH, Jan LY, Jan YN. Hippocampal neuronal polarity specified by spatially localized mPar3/mPar6 and PI 3-kinase activity. Cell 2003; 112: 63-75.
42. Etienne-Manneville S, Hall A. Cell polarity: Par6, aPKC and cytoskeletal crosstalk. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2003; 15: 67-72.
43. Sun L, Hui AM, Su Q, Vortmeyer A, Kotliarov Y, Pastorino S et al. Neuronal and glioma-derived stem cell factor induces angiogenesis within the brain. Cancer Cell 2006; 9: 287-300.
44. French PJ, Swagemakers SM, Nagel JH, Kouwenhoven MC, Brouwer E, van der Spek P et al. Gene expression profiles associated with treatment response in oligodendrogliomas. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 11335-11344.
45. Rickman DS, Bobek MP, Misek DE, Kuick R, Blaivas M, Kurnit DM et al Distinctive molecular profiles of high-grade and low-grade gliomas based on oligonucleotide microarray analysis. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 6885-6891.
46. Bredel M, Bredel C, Juric D, Harsh GR, Vogel H, Recht LD et al. Functional network analysis reveals extended gliomagenesis pathway maps and three novel MYC-interacting genes in human gliomas. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 8679-8689.
47. Bhattacharjee A, Richards WG, Staunton J, Li C, Monti S, Vasa P et al Classification of human lung carcinomas by mRNA expression profiling reveals distinct adenocarcinoma subclasses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98: 13790-13795.
48. Stearman RS, Dwyer-Nield L, Zerbe L, Blaine SA, Chan Z, Bunn Jr PA et al. Analysis of orthologous gene expression between human pulmonary adenocarcinoma and a carcinogen-induced murine model. Am J Pathol 2005; 167: 1763-1775.
49. Galvez AS, Duran A, Linares JF, Pathrose P, Castilla EA, Abu-Baker S et al. Protein kinase Czeta represses the interleukin-6 promoter and impairs tumorigenesis in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29: 104-115.
50. Lenburg ME, Liou LS, Gerry NP, Frampton GM, Cohen HT, Christman MF. Previously unidentified changes in renal cell carcinoma gene expression identified by parametric analysis of microarray data. BMC Cancer 2003; 3: 31.
51. Talantov D, Mazumder A, Yu JX, Briggs T, Jiang Y, Backus J et al. Novel genes associated with malignant melanoma but not benign melanocytic lesions. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 7234-7242.
52. Buchholz M, Braun M, Heidenblut A, Kestler HA, Kloppel G, Schmiegel W et al. Transcriptome analysis of microdissected pancreatic intraepithelial neoplastic lesions. Oncogene 2005; 24: 6626-6636.
53. Rhodes DR, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Mahavisno V, Varambally R, Yu J, Briggs BB et al. Oncomine 3.0: Genes, pathways, and networks in a collection of 18,000 cancer gene expression profiles. Neoplasia 2007; 9: 166-180.
54. Dhanasekaran SM, Dash A, Yu J, Maine IP, Laxman B, Tomlins SA et al Molecular profiling of human prostate tissues: Insights into gene expression patterns of prostate development during puberty. FASEB J 2005; 19: 243-245.
55. Sanchez-Carbayo M, Socci ND, Lozano J, Saint F, Cordon-Cardo C. Defining molecular profiles of poor outcome in patients with invasive bladder cancer using oligonucleotide microarrays. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24 778-789.
56. Dyrskjot L, Kruhoffer M, Thykjaer T, Marcussen N, Jensen JL, Moller K et al. Gene expression in the urinary bladder: A common carcinoma in situ gene expression signature exists disregarding histopathological classification. Cancer Res 2004; 64: 4040-4048.
57. Basso K, Margolin AA, Stolovitzky G, Klein U, Dalla-Favera R, Califano A. Reverse engineering of regulatory networks in human B cells. Nat Genet 2005; 37: 382-390.
58. Dave SS, Fu K, Wright GW, Lam LT, Kluin P, Boerma EJ et al. Molecular diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 2431-2442.
59. Wood LD, Parsons DW, Jones S, Lin J, Sjoblom T, Leary RJ et al. The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science 2007; 318: 1108-1113.
60. Fisher GH, Wellen SL, Klimstra D, Lenczowski JM, Tichelaar JW, Lizak MJ et al. Induction and apoptotic regression of lung adenocarcinomas by regulation of a K-Ras transgene in the presence and absence of tumor suppressor genes. Genes Dev 2001; 15: 3249-3262.
61. Murray NR, Weems J, Braun U, Leitges M, Fields AP. Protein kinase C betaII and PKCiota/lambda: Collaborating partners in colon cancer promotion and progression. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 656-662.
62. Roffey J, Rosse C, Linch M, Hibbert A, McDonald NQ, Parker PJ. Protein kinase C intervention-the state of play. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2009; 21: 268-279.
63. Regala RP, Weems C, Jamieson L, Khoor A, Edell ES, Lohse CM et al. Atypical protein kinase C iota is an oncogene in human non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 8905-8911.
64. Talbot SG, Estilo C, Maghami E, Sarkaria IS, Pham DK, O-charoenrat P et al. Gene expression profiling allows distinction between primary and metastatic squamous cell carcinomas in the lung. Cancer Res 2005; 65: 3063-3071.
65. Zhang L, Huang J, Yang N, Liang S, Barchetti A, Giannakakis A et al Integrative genomic analysis of protein kinase C (PKC) family identifies PKCiota as a biomarker and potential oncogene in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 4627-4635.
66. Eder AM, Sui X, Rosen DG, Nolden LK, Cheng KW, Lahad JP et al. Atypical PKC{iota} contributes to poor prognosis through loss of apical-basal polarity and Cyclin E overexpression in ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 12519-12524.
67. Welsh JB, Zarrinkar PP, Sapinoso LM, Kern SG, Behling CA, Monk BJ et al. Analysis of gene expression profiles in normal and neoplastic ovarian tissue samples identifies candidate molecular markers of epithelial ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98: 1176-1181.
68. Lu KH, Patterson AP, Wang L, Marquez RT, Atkinson EN, Baggerly KA et al. Selection of potential markers for epithelial ovarian cancer with gene expression arrays and recursive descent partition analysis. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10: 3291-3300.
69. Kojima Y, Akimoto K, Nagashima Y, Ishiguro H, Shirai S, Chishima T et al. The overexpression and altered localization of the atypical protein kinase C lambda/iota in breast cancer correlates with the pathologic type of these tumors. Hum Pathol 2008; 39: 824-831.
70. Yang YL, Chu JY, Luo ML, Wu YP, Zhang Y, Feng YB et al. Amplification of PRKCI, located in 3q26, is associated with lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47: 127-136.
71. Yu YP, Landsittel D, Jing L, Nelson J, Ren B, Liu L et al. Gene expression alterations in prostate cancer predicting tumor aggression and preceding development of malignancy. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22 2790-2799.
72. Segal NH, Pavlidis P, Antonescu CR, Maki RG, Noble WS, DeSantis D et al. Classification and subtype prediction of adult soft tissue sarcoma by functional genomics. Am J Pathol 2003; 163: 691-700.
73. Zhan F, Hardin J, Kordsmeier B, Bumm K, Zheng M, Tian E et al. Global gene expression profiling of multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and normal bone marrow plasma cells. Blood 2002; 99: 1745-1757.
74. Diaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Frutos S, Sanchez P, Lozano J, Sanz L et al The product of par-4, a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C. Cell 1996; 86: 777-786.
75. Moreno-Bueno G, Fernandez-Marcos PJ, Collado M, Tendero MJ, Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Garcia-Cao I et al. Inactivation of the candidate tumor suppressor par-4 in endometrial cancer. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 1927-1934.
76. Garcia-Cao I, Duran A, Collado M, Carrascosa MJ, Martin-Caballero J, Flores JM et al. Tumour-suppression activity of the proapoptotic regulator Par4. EMBO Rep 2005; 6: 577-583.
77. McMenamin ME, Soung P, Perera S, Kaplan I, Loda M, Sellers WR. Loss of PTEN expression in paraffin-embedded primary prostate cancer correlates with high Gleason score and advanced stage. Cancer Res 1999; 59 4291-4296.
78. Suzuki H, Freije D, Nusskern DR, Okami K, Cairns P, Sidransky D et al Interfocal heterogeneity of PTEN/MMAC1 gene alterations in multiple metastatic prostate cancer tissues. Cancer Res 1998; 58: 204-209.
79. Joshi J, Fernandez-Marcos PJ, Galvez A, Amanchy R, Linares JF, Duran A et al. Par-4 inhibits Akt and suppresses Ras-induced lung tumorigenesis. EMBO J 2008; 27: 2181-2193.
80. Tuveson DA, Shaw AT, Willis NA, Silver DP, Jackson EL, Chang S et al Endogenous oncogenic K-ras(G12D) stimulates proliferation and widespread neoplastic and developmental defects. Cancer Cell 2004; 5: 375-387.
81. Nolan ME, Aranda V, Lee S, Lakshmi B, Basu S, Allred DC et al. The polarity protein Par6 induces cell proliferation and is overexpressed in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 8201-8209.
82. Berra E, Diaz-Meco MT, Lozano J, Frutos S, Municio MM, Sanchez P et al. Evidence for a role of MEK and MAPK during signal transduction by protein kinase C zeta. EMBO J 1995; 14: 6157-6163.
83. Wooten MW, Seibenhener ML, Neidigh KB, Vandenplas ML. Mapping of atypical protein kinase C within the nerve growth factor signaling cascade: Relationship to differentiation and survival of PC12 cells. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20: 4494-4504.
84. Suzuki A, Ohno S. The PAR-aPKC system: Lessons in polarity. J Cell Sci 2006; 119 (Part 6): 979-987.
85. Dow LE, Elsum IA, King CL, Kinross KM, Richardson HE, Humbert PO. Loss of human Scribble cooperates with H-Ras to promote cell invasion through deregulation of MAPK signalling. Oncogene 2008; 27: 5988-6001.
86. Aranda V, Haire T, Nolan ME, Calarco JP, Rosenberg AZ, Fawcett JP et al. Par6-aPKC uncouples ErbB2 induced disruption of polarized epithelial organization from proliferation control. Nat Cell Biol 2006; 8: 1235-1245.
87. Zhan L, Rosenberg A, Bergami KC, Yu M, Xuan Z, Jaffe AB et al. Deregulation of scribble promotes mammary tumorigenesis and reveals a role for cell polarity in carcinoma. Cell 2008; 135: 865-878.
88. Frederick LA, Matthews JA, Jamieson L, Justilien V, Thompson EA, Radisky DC et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-10 is a critical effector of protein kinase Ciota-Par6alpha-mediated lung cancer. Oncogene 2008; 27: 4841-4853.
89. Murray NR, Jamieson L, Yu W, Zhang J, Gokmen-Polar Y, Sier D et al Protein kinase Ciota is required for Ras transformation and colon carcinogenesis in vivo. J Cell Biol 2004; 164: 797-802.
90. Etienne-Manneville S. Polarity proteins in migration and invasion. Oncogene 2008; 27: 6970-6980.
91. Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT, Wooten MW. Signal integration and diversification through the p62 scaffold protein. Trends Biochem Sci 2007; 32: 95-100.
92. Laurin N, Brown JP, Morissette J, Raymond V. Recurrent mutation of the gene encoding sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) in Paget disease of bone. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 70: 1582-1588.
93. Morissette J, Laurin N, Brown JP. Sequestosome 1: Mutation frequencies, haplotypes, and phenotypes in familial Paget's disease of bone. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21 (Suppl 2): P38-P44.
94. Leach RJ, Singer FR, Ench Y, Wisdom JH, Pina DS, Johnson-Pais TL. Clinical and cellular phenotypes associated with sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) mutations. J Bone Miner Res 2006; 21 (Suppl 2): P45-P50.
95. Duran A, Serrano M, Leitges M, Flores JM, Picard S, Brown JP et al The atypical PKC-interacting protein p62 is an important mediator of RANK-activated osteoclastogenesis. Dev Cell 2004; 6: 303-309.
96. Kurihara N, Hiruma Y, Zhou H, Subler MA, Dempster DW, Singer FR et al Mutation of the sequestosome 1 (p62) gene increases osteoclastogenesis but does not induce Paget disease. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 133-142.
97. Wooten MW, Geetha T, Seibenhener ML, Babu JR, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The p62 scaffold regulates nerve growth factor-induced NF-kappaB activation by influencing TRAF6 polyubiquitination. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 35625-35629.
98. Baud V, Karin M. Is NF-kappaB a good target for cancer therapy? Hopes and pitfalls. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2009; 8: 33-40.
99. Mayo MW, Wang CY, Cogswell PC, Rogers-Graham KS, Lowe SW, Der CJ et al. Requirement of NF-kappaB activation to suppress p53-independent apoptosis induced by oncogenic Ras. Science 1997; 278 (5344): 1812-1815.
100. Hiruma Y, Honjo T, Jelinek DF, Windle JJ, Shin J, Roodman GD et al Increased signaling through p62 in the marrow microenvironment increases myeloma cell growth and osteoclast formation. Blood 2009; 113: 4894-4902.
101. Annunziata CM, Davis RE, Demchenko Y, Bellamy W, Gabrea A, Zhan F et al. Frequent engagement of the classical and alternative NF-kappaB pathways by diverse genetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma. Cancer Cell 2007; 12: 115-130.
102. Keats JJ, Fonseca R, Chesi M, Schop R, Baker A, Chng WJ et al. Promiscuous mutations activate the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway in multiple myeloma. Cancer Cell 2007; 12: 131-144.
103. Wooten MW, Geetha T, Babu JR, Seibenhener ML, Peng J, Cox N et al. Essential role of sequestosome 1/p62 in regulating accumulation of Lys63-ubiquitinated proteins. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 6783-6789.
104. Jin W, Chang M, Paul EM, Babu G, Lee AJ, Reiley W et al. Deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD negatively regulates RANK signaling and osteoclastogenesis in mice. J Clin Invest 2008; 118: 1858-1866.
105. Zatloukal K, Stumptner C, Fuchsbichler A, Heid H, Schnoelzer M, Kenner L et al. p62 Is a common component of cytoplasmic inclusions in protein aggregation diseases. Am J Pathol 2002; 160: 255-263.
106. Komatsu M, Waguri S, Chiba T, Murata S, Iwata J, Tanida I et al. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration in mice. Nature 2006; 441: 880-884.
107. Hara T, Nakamura K, Matsui M, Yamamoto A, Nakahara Y, Suzuki-Migishima R et al. Suppression of basal autophagy in neural cells causes neurodegenerative disease in mice. Nature 2006; 441: 885-889.
108. Komatsu M, Waguri S, Koike M, Sou YS, Ueno T, Hara T et al. Homeostatic levels of p62 control cytoplasmic inclusion body formation in autophagy-deficient mice. Cell 2007; 131: 1149-1163.
109. Kirkin V, Lamark T, Sou YS, Bjorkoy G, Nunn JL, Bruun JA et al. A role for NBR1 in autophagosomal degradation of ubiquitinated substrates. Mol Cell 2009; 33: 505-516.
110. Korolchuk VI, Mansilla A, Menzies FM, Rubinsztein DC. Autophagy inhibition compromises degradation of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway substrates. Mol Cell 2009; 33: 517-527.
111. Bjorkoy G, Lamark T, Johansen T. p62/SQSTM1: A missing link between protein aggregates and the autophagy machinery. Autophagy 2006; 2: 138-139.
112. Nezis IP, Simonsen A, Sagona AP, Finley K, Gaumer S, Contamine D et al. Ref(2)P, the Drosophila melanogaster homologue of mammalian p62, is required for the formation of protein aggregates in adult brain. J Cell Biol 2008; 180: 1065-1071.
113. Bjorkoy G, Lamark T, Brech A, Outzen H, Perander M, Overvatn A et al p62/SQSTM1 forms protein aggregates degraded by autophagy and has a protective effect on huntingtin-induced cell death. J Cell Biol 2005; 171: 603-614.
114. Pankiv S, Clausen TH, Lamark T, Brech A, Bruun JA, Outzen H et al. p62/SQSTM1 binds directly to Atg8/LC3 to facilitate degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates by autophagy. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 24131-24145.
115. Shvets E, Fass E, Scherz-Shouval R, Elazar Z. The N-terminus and Phe52 residue of LC3 recruit p62/SQSTM1 into autophagosomes. J Cell Sci 2008; 121 (Part 16): 2685-2695.
116. Seibenhener ML, Babu JR, Geetha T, Wong HC, Krishna NR, Wooten MW. Sequestosome 1/p62 is a polyubiquitin chain binding protein involved in ubiquitin proteasome degradation. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24: 8055-8068.
117. Gamerdinger M, Hajieva P, Kaya AM, Wolfrum U, Hartl FU, Behl C. Protein quality control during aging involves recruitment of the macroautophagy pathway by BAG3. EMBO J 2009; 28: 889-901.
118. Tan JM, Wong ES, Kirkpatrick DS, Pletnikova O, Ko HS, Tay SP et al Lysine 63-linked ubiquitination promotes the formation and autophagic clearance of protein inclusions associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17: 431-439.
119. Paine S, Bedford L, Thorpe J, Mayer R, Cavey J, Bajaj N et al. Lys63-linked polyubiquitin pathology is a feature of neurodegeneration. Neurosci Lett 2009; 460: 205-208.
120. Jeong H, Then F, Melia Jr TJ, Mazzulli JR, Cui L, Savas JN et al. Acetylation targets mutant huntingtin to autophagosomes for degradation. Cell 2009; 137: 60-72.
121. Kitamura H, Torigoe T, Asanuma H, Hisasue SI, Suzuki K, Tsukamoto T et al. Cytosolic overexpression of p62 sequestosome 1 in neoplastic prostate tissue. Histopathology 2006; 48: 157-161.
122. Rolland P, Madjd Z, Durrant L, Ellis IO, Layfield R, Spendlove I. The ubiquitin-binding protein p62 is expressed in breast cancers showing features of aggressive disease. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007; 14 73-80.
123. Qian HL, Peng XX, Chen SH, Ye HM, Qiu JH. p62 Expression in primary carcinomas of the digestive system. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 1788-1792.
124. Du Y, Wooten MC, Gearing M, Wooten MW. Age-associated oxidative damage to the p62 promoter: Implications for Alzheimer disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46: 492-501.
125. Kaganovich D, Kopito R, Frydman J. Misfolded proteins partition between two distinct quality control compartments. Nature 2008; 454: 1088-1095.
126. Geetha T, Seibenhener ML, Chen L, Madura K, Wooten MW. p62 serves as a shuttling factor for TrkA interaction with the proteasome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374: 33-37.
127. Geetha T, Jiang J, Wooten MW. Lysine 63 polyubiquitination of the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA directs internalization and signaling. Mol Cell 2005; 20: 301-312.
128. Saeki Y, Kudo T, Sone T, Kikuchi Y, Yokosawa H, Toh-e A et al. Lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chain may serve as a targeting signal for the 26S proteasome. EMBO J 2009; 28: 359-371.
129. Cooper EM, Cutcliffe C, Kristiansen TZ, Pandey A, Pickart CM, Cohen RE. K63-specific deubiquitination by two JAMM/MPN+ complexes: BRISC-associated Brcc36 and proteasomal Poh1. EMBO J 2009; 28 621-631.
130. Filimonenko M, Stuffers S, Raiborg C, Yamamoto A, Malerod L, Fisher EM et al. Functional multivesicular bodies are required for autophagic clearance of protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disease. J Cell Biol 2007; 179: 485-500.
131. Razi M, Chan EY, Tooze SA. Early endosomes and endosomal coatomer are required for autophagy. J Cell Biol 2009.
132. Kim PK, Hailey DW, Mullen RT, Lippincott-Schwartz J. Ubiquitin signals autophagic degradation of cytosolic proteins and peroxisomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 20567-20574.
133. Pohl C, Jentsch S. Midbody ring disposal by autophagy is a post abscission event of cytokinesis. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11: 65-70.
134. Yang Q, She H, Gearing M, Colla E, Lee M, Shacka JJ et al. Regulation of neuronal survival factor MEF2D by chaperone-mediated autophagy. Science 2009; 323: 124-127.
135. Pursiheimo JP, Rantanen K, Heikkinen PT, Johansen T, Jaakkola PM. Hypoxia-activated autophagy accelerates degradation of SQSTM1/p62. Oncogene 2009; 28: 334-344.
136. Jaakkola PM, Pursiheimo JP. p62 degradation by autophagy: Another way for cancer cells to survive under hypoxia. Autophagy 2009; 5 410-412.
137. Rodriguez A, Duran A, Selloum M, Champy MF, Diez-Guerra FJ, Flores JM et al. Mature-onset obesity and insulin resistance in mice deficient in the signaling adapter p62. Cell Metab 2006; 3: 211-222.
138. Jin Z, Li Y, Pitti R, Lawrence D, Pham V, Lill J et al. Cullin3-based polyubiquitination and p62-dependent aggregation of caspase-8 mediate cell-extrinsic apoptosis signaling. Cell 2009; 137: 721-735.