Models of decision-making and the coevolution of social preferences

Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 838-855

  Henrich, Joseph ^a   Boyd, Robert ^b   Bowles, Samuel ^c,d   Camerer, Colin ^e   Fehr, Ernst ^f   Gintis, Herbert ^c,g   McElreath, Richard ^h   Alvard, Michael ⁱ   Barr, Abigail ^j   Ensminger, Jean ^e   Henrich, Natalie Smith ^k   Hill, Kim ^l   Gil White, Francisco ^m   Gurven, Michael ⁿ   Marlowe, Frank W ^o   Patton, John Q ^p   Tracer, David ^q  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c SANTA FE INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^e CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^g CENTRAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY   (Hungary)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

ⁱ TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^j UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^k MACRO INTERNATIONAL INC   (United States)

^l UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO   (United States)

^m UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

ⁿ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^o HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^p CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^q UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; COGNITION; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DECISION MAKING; ECONOMICS; GAME; HUMAN; MOTIVATION; NONBIOLOGICAL MODEL; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; REVIEW; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL BELIEF; SOCIAL LEARNING; SOCIALIZATION; SOCIETY; THEORY;

EID: 33644855247     PISSN: 0140525X     EISSN: 14691825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X05460148     Document Type: Review

References (353)

1. Aaker, J. L. & Lee, A. Y. (2001) "I" seek pleasures and "we" avoid pains: The role of self-regulatory goals in information processing and persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research 28(1):33-49.
2. Abbink, K., Bolton, G. & Sadrieh, A. (2001) Adaptive learning versus punishment in ultimatum bargaining. Games and Economic Behavior 37:1-25.
3. Acheson, J. (2003) Capturing the commons: Devising institutions to manage the Maine Lobster Industry. University Press of New England.
4. Ackerman, J. M., Ledlow, S. E. & Kenrick, D. T. (2003) Friends are family, friends are strangers: Social cognition in social relationships. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, Texas, February 2003.
5. Ainslie, G. (1974) Impulse control in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 21:485-89.
6. Ainslie, G. (2001) Breakdown of will. Cambridge University Press.
7. Ainslie, G. (2005) A précis of Breakdown of Will. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 28(5):635-50.
8. Alcock, J. (2001) The triumph of sociobiology. Oxford University Press.
9. Alvard, M. (2004) The ultimatum game, fairness, and cooperation among big game hunters. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 413-35. Oxford University Press.
10. Andreoni, J. (1988) Why free ride? Strategies and learning in Public Goods experiments. Journal of Public Economics 37:291-304.
11. Andreoni, J. (1995) Cooperation in Public Goods experiments: Kindness or confusion? American Economic Review 85:891-904.
12. Andreoni, J. & Miller, J. H. (2002) Giving according to GARP: An experimental test of the consistency of preferences for altruism. Econometrica 70(2):737-53.
13. Andreoni, J., Castillo, M. & Petrie, R. (2003) What do bargainers' preferences look like? Experiments with a convex Ultimatum Game. American Economic Review 93:672-85.
14. Ashraf, N., Camerer, C. & Loewenstein, G. (in press) Adam Smith, behavioraleconomist. Journal of Economic Perspectives.
15. Axelrod, R. (1984) The evolution of cooperation. Basic Books.
16. Axelrod, R. & Hamilton, W. (1981) The evolution of cooperation. Science 211:1390-96.
17. Baerends, G. P. & Drent, R. H. (1982a) The herring gull and its egg. Part I. Behaviour (Suppl.) 17:1-312.
18. Baerends, G. P. & Drent, R. H. (1982b) The herring gull and its egg. Part II. Behaviour 82:1-415.
19. Baldwin, J. M. (1896) Physical and social heredity. American Naturalist 30:422-28.
20. Bandura, A. (1977) Social learning theory. Prentice Hall.
21. Barr, A. (2004) Kinship, familiarity, and trust: An experimental investigation. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowies, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 305-34. Oxford University Press.
22. Barry, H., Child, I. L. & Bacon, M. K. (1959) Relation of child training to subsistence economy. American Anthropologist 61:51-63.
23. Bekoff, M. (2004) Wild justice, cooperation, and fair play: Minding manners, being nice, and feeling good. In: The origins and nature of sociality, ed. R. Sussman & A. Chapman, pp. 53-79. Aldine.
24. Bendor, J. (1987) In good times and bad: Reciprocity in an uncertain world. American Journal of Political Science 31:531-58.
25. Bendor, J. (1993) Uncertainty and the evolution of cooperation. Journal of Conflict Resolution 37(4):709-34.
26. Bendor, J., Kramer, R. & Swistak, P. (1996) Cooperation under uncertainty: What is new, what is true, and what is important. American Sociological Review 61(2):333-38.
27. Bendor, J., Kramer, R. M. & Stout, S. (1991) When in doubt: Cooperation in a noisy Prisoners'Dilemma. Journal of Conflict Resolution 35(4):691-719.
28. Berg, J., Dickhaut, J. & McCabe, K. (1995) Trust, reciprocity and social history. Games and Economic Behavior 10:122-42.
29. Binmore, K. (2005) Natural justice. Oxford University Press.
30. Binmore, K. & Samuelson, L. (1994) An economist's perspective on the evolution of norms. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 150:45-71.
31. Binmore, K., Gale, J. & Samuelson, L. (1995) Learning to be imperfect: The Ultimatum Game, Games and Economic Behavior 8:56-90.
32. Bischof-Kohler, D. (1994) Self object and interpersonal emotions. Identification of own mirror image, empathy and prosocial behavior in the 2nd year of life. Zeitschrif fur experimentelle und angewandte Psychologie 202(4):349-77.
33. Bliege Bird, R. L. & Smith, E. A. (2005) Signaling theory, strategic interaction, and symbolic capital. Current Anthropology 46(2):221-48.
34. Blurton Jones, N. (1984) Selfish origin of human food sharing: Tolerated theft. Ethology and Sociobiology 5:1-3.
35. Blurton Jones, N. (1987) Tolerated theft: Suggestions about the ecology and evolution of sharing, hoarding, and scrounging. Social Science Information 26:31-54.
36. Bodner, R. & Prelec, D. (2001) The diagnostic value of actions in a self-signaling model. In: Collected essays in psychology and economics, ed. I. Brocas & J. Carillo. Oxford University Press.
37. Bolton, G. E. & Zwick, R. (1995) Anonymity versus punishment in ultimatum bargaining. Games and Economic Behavior 10(1):95-121.
38. Boone, J. L. (1998) The evolution of magnanimity: When is it better to give than to receive? Human Nature 9(1):1-21.
39. Bowles, S. (1998) Endogenous preferences: The cultural consequences of markets and other economic institutions. Journal of Economic Literature 36:75-111.
40. Bowles, S. (2004) Microeconomics: Behavior, institutions, and evolution. Princeton University Press.
41. Bowles, S. & Gintis, H. (2003) Origins of human cooperation. In: Genetic and cultural evolution of cooperation, ed. P. Hammerstein, pp. 429-43. MIT Press.
42. Boyd, R. N. (1988) How to be a moral realist In: Essays on moral realism, ed. G. Sayre-McCord, pp. 181-228. Cornell University Press.
43. Boyd, R. N., Gintis, H., Bowles, S. & Richerson, P. J. (2003) The evolution of altruistic punishment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 100(6):3531-35.
44. Boyd, R. N. & Richerson, P. J. (1985) Culture and the evolutionary process. University of Chicago Press.
45. Boyd, R. N. & Richerson, P. J. (1988) The evolution of reciprocity in sizable groups. Journal of Theoretical Biology 132:337-56.
46. Boyd, R. N. & Richerson, P. J. (1992) Punishment allows the evolution of cooperation (or anything else) in sizable groups. Ethnology and Sociobiology 13:171-95.
47. Boyd, R. N. & Richerson, P. J. (1996) Why culture is common, but cultural evolution is rare. Proceedings of the British Academy 88:77-93.
48. Boyd, R. N. & Richerson, P. J. (2002) Group beneficial norms can spread rapidly in a structured population. Journal of Theoretical Biology 215:287-296.
49. Brandt, H. & Sigmund, K. (2004) The logic of reprobation: Assessment and action rules for indirect reciprocation. Journal of Theoretical Biology 231(4):475-86.
50. Brandt, R. B. (1959) Ethical theory: The problems of normative and critical ethics. Prentice-Hall.
51. Brandts, J., Saijo, T. & Schram, A. (2004) How universal is behavior? A four country comparison of spite and cooperation in voluntary contribution mechanisms. Public Choice 119:381-424.
52. Brendl, C. M., Markman, A. B. & Messner, C. (2003) Devaluation of goal-unrelated choice options. Journal of Consumer Research 29:463-73.
53. Brewer, M. B. (1997) On the social origins of human nature. In: The message of social psychology, ed. C. McGarty & A. Haslam, pp. 54-62. Blackwell.
54. Brewer, M. B. (2003) Taking the social origins of human nature seriously: Toward a more imperialist social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review 8:107-13.
55. Brewer, M. B. & Caporael, L. R. (in press) An evolutionary perspective on social identity: Revisiting groups. In: Evolution and social psychology, ed. J. A. Simpson, M. Schaller & D. T. Kenrick. Psychology Press.
56. Brink, D. O. (1989) Moral realism and the foundations of ethics. Cambridge University Press.
57. Brosnan, S. F. (in press) Nonhuman species' reactions to inequity and their implications for fairness. Journal of Social Justice.
58. Brosnan, S. F. & de Waal, F. B. M. (2003) Monkeys reject unequal pay. Nature 425(18):297-99.
59. Brosnan, S. F., Freeman, C. & de Waal, F. B. M. (submitted) Partner's behavior, not reward distribution, determines success in an unequal cooperative task in capuchin monkeys. American Journal of Primatology.
60. Brosnan, S. F., Schiff, H. C. & de Waal, F. B. M. (2005) Tolerance for inequity may increase with social closeness in chimpanzees. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 272(1560):253-58.
61. Bryan, J. H. (1971) Model affect and children's imitative altruism. Child Development 42(6):2061-65.
62. Bryan, J. H. & Walbek, N. H. (1970) Preaching and practicing generosity: Children's actions and reactions. Child Development 41(2):329-53.
63. Bshary, R. & Schäffer, D. (2002) Choosy reef fish select cleaner fish that provide high-quality service. Animal Behaviour 63:557-64.
64. Buchan, N. & Croson, R. (2004) The boundaries of trust: Own and others' actions in the US and China. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 55(4):485-504.
65. Buchan, N., Croson, R. & Dawes, R. (2002) Swift neighbors and persistent strangers: A cross-cultural investigation of trust and reciprocity in social exchange. American Journal of Sociology 108(1):168-206.
66. Burlando, R. M. & Guala, F. (2005) Heterogeneous agents in public good experiments. Experimental Economics 8:35-54.
67. Burnham, T. C. (2003) Engineering altruism: A theoretical and experimental investigation of anonymity and gift giving. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 50(1):133-44.
68. Burnham, T. C. & Hare, B. (in press) Engineering cooperation: Does involuntary neural activation increase public goods contributions? Human Nature.
69. Call, J., Brauer, J., Kaminski, J. & Tomasello, M. (2003) Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are sensitive to the attentional state of humans. Journal of Comparative Psychology 117(3):257-63.
70. Camerer, C. F. (1996) Rules for experimenting in psychology and economics, and why they differ. In: Essays in honor of Reinhard Selten, ed. W. Guth & E. van Damme. Springer-Verlag.
71. Camerer, C. F. (2003) Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in strategic interaction. Princeton University Press.
72. Camerer, C. F. & Ho, T.-H. (1999) Experience-weighted attraction learning in normal form games. Econometrica 67(4):827-75.
73. Camerer, C. F. & Hogarth, R. (1999) The effects of financial incentives in experiments: A review of capital-labor-production framework. Cal Tech Social Science Working Paper, 1059.
74. Camerer, C. F. & Thaler, R. H. (1995) Anomalies: Ultimatums, dictators and manners. Journal of Economic Perspectives 9:209-19.
75. Camerer, C. F. & Weber, M. W. (1992) Recent developments in modelling preferences: Uncertainty and ambiguity. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 5:325-70.
76. Camerer, C. F. & Weigelt, K. (1988) Experimental tests of a sequential equilibrium reputation model. Econometrica 56:1-36.
77. Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, G. & Prelec, D. (2005) Neuroeconomics: How neuroscience can inform economics. Journal of Economic Literature 42:9-64.
78. (Reprinted in Italian in Sistemi Intelligenti 2004(16):337-48.)
79. Cameron, L. (1999) Raising the stakes in the Ultimatum Game: Experimental evidence from Indonesia. Economic Inquiry 37(1):47-59.
80. Campbell, D. T. (1965) Variation and selective retention in socio-cultural evolution. In: Social change in developing areas: A reinterpretation of evolutionary theory, ed. H. R. Barringer, G. I. Glanksten & R. W. Mack, pp. 19-49. Schenkman.
81. Caporael, L. R. (1997) The evolution of truly social cognition: The core configurations model. Personality and Social Psychology Review 1:276-98.
82. Caporael, L. R. (2001) Parts and wholes: The evolutionary importance of groups. In: Individual self, relational self, and collective self, ed. C. Sedikides & M. B. Brewer, pp. 241-58. Psychology Press.
83. Caporael, L. R. (2003) Repeated assembly. In: Alternative approaches to evolutionary psychology, ed. S. Schur & F. Rauscher, pp. 71-90. Kluwer.
84. Caporael, L. R., Dawes, R. M., Orbell, J. M. & van de Kragt, A. J. C. (1989) Selfishness examined: Cooperation in the absence of egoistic incentives. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:683-739.
85. Cardenas, J. C. (2000) How do groups solve local commons dilemmas? Lessons from experimental economics in the field. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2:305-22.
86. Cardenas, J. C. (2005) Double-blind Dictator Game: Sanquianga. Paper presented at the Roots of Human Sociality Conference, April 14-17, 2005, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
87. Cardenas, J. C., Stranlund, J. & Willis, C. (2000) Local environmental control and institutional crowding-out. World Development 28(10):1719-33.
88. Carpenter, J., Burks, S. & Verhoogen, E. (2005) Comparing students to workers: The effects of social framing on behavior in distribution games. In: Field experiments in economics, ed. J. Carpenter, G. Harrison & J. A. List. JAI Press.
89. Carpenter, J., Harrison, G. & List, J. A. (1005) Field experiments in economics. JAI Press.
90. Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. & Feldman, M. (1981) Cultural transmission and evolution. Princeton University Press.
91. Chaiken, S. (1980) Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39:752-66.
92. Charness, G. & Rabin, M. (2002) Social preferences: Some simple tests of a new model. Quarterly Journal of Economics 117(3):817-69.
93. Chase-Dunn, C. & Grimes, P. (1995) World-systems analysis. Annual Review of Sociology 21:387-417.
94. Cherry, T., Frykblom, P. & Shogren, J. (2002) Hardnose the dictator. American Economic Review 92:1218-21.
95. Chow, C., Wagner, L. & Lucas, M. (2005) Fair game: Preschool children show sophisticated understanding on economic tasks. Poster presented at the 17th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Society, Los Angeles, CA, May 26-29, 2005.
96. Clark, M. S. & Grote, N. K. (2003) Close relationships. In: Handbook of psychology: Personality and social psychology, vol. 5, ed. T. Millon & M. J. Lerner, pp. 447-61. Wiley.
97. Cole, M. (1996) Cultural psychology: A once and future discipline. Harvard University Press.
98. Cole, M. & Engestrom, Y. (1993) A cultural-historical approach to distributed cognition. In: Distributed cognitions, ed. G. Salomon, pp. 1-46. Cambridge University Press.
99. Crook, J. H. & Crook, S. J. (1988) Tibetan polyandry: Problems of adaptation and fitness. In: Human reproductive behavior: A Darwinian perspective, ed. L. Betzig, M. Borgerhoff-Mulder & P. Turke, pp. 97-114. Cambridge University Press.
100. Davies, N. (1981) Human sacrifice in history and today. Morrow.
101. Davies, T., Shah, R., Ling, K. & Trochet, R. (in preparation) Intuitive preference aggregation: Tests of independence and consistency.
102. Dawkins, R. (1990) The selfish gene. Oxford University Press.
103. DeBruine, L. M. (2002) Facial resemblance enhances trust. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 269:1307-12.
104. de Quervain, D. J., Fischbacher, U., Treyer, V., Schellhammer, M., Schnyder, U., Buck, A. & Fehr, E. (2004) The neural basis of altruistic punishment. Science 305:1254-58.
105. de Waal, F. B. M. (2000) Attitudinal reciprocity in food sharing among brown capuchin monkeys. Animal Behavior 60:253-61.
106. de Waal, F. B. M. (2005) How animals do business. Scientific American 291:72-79.
107. de Waal, F. B. M. & Davis, J. M. (2003) Capuchin cognitive ecology: Cooperation based on projected returns. Neuropsychologia 41:221-28.
108. Diamond, J. M. (1997) Guns, germs, and steel: The fates of human societies. W. W. Norton.
109. Doris, J. M. & Stich, S. P. (forthcoming) As a matter of fact: Empirical perspective on ethics. In: The Oxford handbook of contemporary analytic philosophy, F. Jackson & M. Smith. Oxford University Press.
110. Duman, R. S., Heninger, G. R. & Nestler, E. J. (1997) A molecular and cellular theory of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 54:597-606.
111. Durham, W. H. (1991) Coevolution: Genes, culture, and human diversity. Stanford University Press.
112. Eckel, C. & Grossman, P. (1996) Altruism in anonymous dictator games. Games and Economic Behavior 16:181-91.
113. Eisenberg, N. & Mussen, P. H. (1989) The roots of prosocial behavior in children. Cambridge University Press.
114. Elliot, R. & Vasta, R. (1970) The modeling of sharing: Effects associated with vicarious reinforcement, symbolization, age, and generalization. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 10:8-15.
115. Ensminger, J. (1992) Making a market: The institutional transformation of an African society. Cambridge University Press.
116. Ensminger, J. (2002) Experimental economics: A powerful new method for theory testing in anthropology. In: Theory in economic anthropology, ed. J. Ensminger, pp. 59-78. Altamira Press.
117. Ensminger, J. (2004) Market integration and fairness: Evidence from ultimatum, dictator and public goods experiments in East Africa. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 356-81. Oxford University Press.
118. Ensminger, J. (2005) Double blind versus standard Dictator Games: U.S. and Orma. Paper presented at the Roots of Human Sociality Conference, April 14-17, 2005, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
119. Fehr, E. & Fischbacher, U. (2003) The nature of human altruism: Proximate patterns and evolutionary origins. Nature 425:785-91.
120. Fehr, E., Fischbacher, U. & Gächter, S. (2002) Strong reciprocity, human cooperation and the enforcement of social norms. Human Nature 13:1-25.
121. Fehr, E. & Gächter, S. (2000a) Cooperation and punishment in public goods experiments. American Economic Review 90(4):980-95.
122. Fehr, E. & Gächter, S. (2000b) Fairness and retaliation: The economics of reciprocity. Journal of Economic Perspectives 14:159-81.
123. Fehr, E. & Gächter, S. (2002) Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415:137-40.
124. Fehr, E. & Henrich, J. (2003) Is strong reciprocity a maladaptation? On the evolutionary foundations of human altruism. In: The genetic and cultural evolution of cooperation, ed. P. Hammerstein, pp. 55-82. MIT Press.
125. Fehr, E. & Schmidt, K. (1999) A theory of fairness, competition, and cooperation. Quarterly Journal of Economics 114:817-68.
126. Ferraro, F., Pfeffer, J. & Sutton, R. I. (2005) Economics language and assumptions: How theories can become self-fulfilling. Academy of Management Review 30:8-24.
127. Ferraro, P. J. & Cummings, R. G. (2005) Cultural diversity, discrimination and economic outcomes: An experimental analysis. Experimental Working Paper 2003-002 (revised 1/05), Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
128. Fishbach, A., Friedman, R. S. & Kruglanski, A. W. (2003) Leading us not into temptation: Momentary allurements elicit overriding goal activation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84(2):296-309.
129. Fischbacher, U., Fong, C. M. & Fehr, E. (2002) Fairness and the power of competition. Unpublished manuscript, University of Zurich.
130. Fiske, A. P. (1992) The four elementary forms of sociality: Framework for a unified theory of social relations. Psychological Review 99:689-723.
131. Fiske, A. P. & Tetlock, P. E. (1997) Taboo trade-offs: Reactions to transactions that transgress the spheres of justice. Political Psychology 18(2):255-97.
132. Fiske, S. T. (2003) The discomfort index: How to spot a really good idea whose time has come. Psychological Inquiry 14:203-208.
133. Frank, R. H. (2001) Cooperation through emotional commitment. In: Evolution and the capacity for commitment, ed. R. M. Nesse, pp. 57-76. Russell Sage Foundation.
134. Frank, R. H., Gilovich, T. D. & Regan, D. T. (1993) Does studying economics inhibit cooperation? Journal of Economic Perspectives 7:159-71.
135. Fudenberg, D. & Levine, D. (1998) The theory of learning in games. MIT Press.
136. Gächter, S., Herrmann, B. & Thöni, C. (in preparation) Understanding determinants of social capital: Cooperation and informal social sanctions in a cross-societal perspective. University of Nottingham.
137. Gale, J., Binmore, K. G. & Samuelson, L. (1995) Learning to be imperfect: The ultimatum game. Games and Economic Behavior 8:856-90.
138. Gangestad, S. W. & Buss, D. M. (1993) Pathogen prevalence and human mate preferences. Ethology and Sociobiology 14:89-96.
139. Gardner, R., Herr, A., Ostrom, E. & Walker, J. A. (2000) The power and limitations of proportional cutbacks in common-pool resources. Journal of Development Economics 62:515-33.
140. Gigerenzer, G., Todd, P. M. & the ABC Research Group (1999) Simple heuristics that make us smart. Oxford University Press.
141. Gilboa, I. & Schmeidler, D. (2001) A theory of case-based decisions. Cambridge University Press.
142. Gil-White, F. (2004) Ultimatum game with an ethnicity manipulation: Results from Khovdiin Bulgan Cum, Mongolia. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 260-304. Oxford University Press.
143. Gintis, H. (2000) Game theory evolving. Princeton University Press.
144. Gintis, H. (2003a) The hitchhiker's guide to altruism: Gene-culture coevolution, and the internalization of norms. Journal of Theoretical Biology 220(4):407-18.
145. Gintis, H. (2003b) Solving the puzzle of prosociality. Rationality and Society 15(2):155-87.
146. Gintis, H., Bowles, S., Boyd, R. & Fehr, E. (2003) Explaining altruistic behavior in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 24:153-72.
147. Gintis, H., Smith, E. A. & Bowles, S. L. (2001) Costly signaling and cooperation. Journal of Theoretical Biology 213(1):103-19.
148. Greenfeld, L. (2001) The spirit of capitalism: Nationalism and economic growth. Harvard University Press.
149. Grusec, J. E. (1971) Power and the internalization of self-denial. Child Development 42(1):93-105.
150. Grusec, J. E. & Kuczynski, L. (1997) Parenting and children's internalization of values: A handbook of contemporary theory. Wiley.
151. Grusec, J. E., Saas-Kortsaak, P. & Simutis, Z. M. (1978) The role of example and moral exhortation in the training of altruism. Child Development 49(3):920-23.
152. Gurven, M. (2004a) Does market exposure affect economic game behavior? The ultimatum game and the public goods game among the Tsimane of Bolivia. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 194-231. Oxford University Press.
153. Gurven, M. (2004b) Economic games among the Amazonian Tsimane: Exploring the roles of market access, costs of giving, and cooperation on pro-social game behavior. Experimental Economics 7:5-24.
154. Guth, W., Schmittberger, R. & Schwarze, B. (1982) An experimental analysis of ultimatum bargaining. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 3(4):367-88.
155. Haidt, J. (2001) The emotional and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review 108:814-34.
156. Haley, K. & Fessler, D. (2005) Nobody's watching? Subtle cues affect generosity in an anonymous economic game. Evolution and Human Behavior 26(3):245-56.
157. Hamilton, W. D. (1964) The genetical evolution of social behaviour, Parts I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology 7:1-52.
158. Hampton, R. R. (1994) Sensitivity to information specifying the line of gaze of humans in sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behaviour 130(1-2):41-51.
159. Harbaugh, W. T. & Krause, K. (2000) Children's altruism in public goods and dictator experiments. Economic Inquiry 38(1):95-109.
160. Harbaugh, W. T., Krause, K. & Liday, S. G. (2002) Bargaining by children. Available at: http://economics.uoregon.edu/papers/ UO-2002-4_Harbaugh_Kid_Bargaining.pdf
161. Harbaugh, W., Krause, K. & Liday, S. (2004) Bargaining in children. Working paper, Department of Economics, University of Oregon.
162. Hardin, G. (1968) The tragedy of the commons. Science 162:1243-48.
163. Hare, B., Call, J. & Tomasello, M. (2001) Do chimpanzees know what conspecifics know? Animal Behaviour 61(1)139-51.
164. Harman, G. (1977) The nature of morality. Oxford University Press.
165. Haskell, T. (1985) Capitalism and the origins of the humanitarian sensibility (Parts 1 and 2). American Historical Review 90(2):339-61; 90(3):547-66.
166. Haskell, T. (1998) Objectivity is not neutrality. Johns Hopkins University Press.
167. Haskell, T. & Teichgraeber, R., eds. (1993) The culture of the market. Cambridge University Press.
168. Hauser, M., Chen, K., Chen, F. & Chuang, W. (2003) Give unto others: Genetically unrelated cotton-top tamarin monkeys preferentially give food to those who altruistically give food back. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: Biology 270:2363-70.
169. Hayashi, N., Ostrom, E., Walker, J. & Yamagishi, T. (1999) Reciprocity, trust, and the sense of control. Rationality and Society 11(1):27-46.
170. Henrich, J. (2000) Does culture matter in economic behavior: Ultimatum game bargaining among the Machiguenga. American Economic Review 90(4):973-80.
171. Henrich, J. (2002) Decision-making, cultural transmission and adaptation in economic anthropology. In: Theory in economic anthropology, ed. J. Ensminger, pp. 251-95. Rowman and Littlefield.
172. Henrich, J. (2004a) Cultural group selection, coevolutionary processes and large-scale cooperation. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 53:3-35.
173. Henrich, J. (2004b) Inequity aversion in capuchins? Nature 428:139.
174. Henrich, J. (in press) A cultural species. In: Explaining culture scientifically, ed. M. Brown. University of Washington Press.
175. Henrich, J. & Boyd, R. (2001) Why people punish defectors: Weak conformist transmission can stabilize costly enforcement of norms in cooperative dilemmas. Journal of Theoretical Biology 208:79-89.
176. Henrich, J. & Gil-White, F. (2001) The evolution of prestige: Freely conferred deference as a mechanism for enhancing the benefits of cultural transmission. Evolution and Human Behavior 22(3):165-96.
177. Henrich, J. & Henrich, N. S. (in press) Culture and the origins of cooperation. Oxford University Press.
178. Henrich, J. & McElreath, R. (2002) Are peasants risk-averse decision makers? Current Anthropology 43(1):172-81.
179. Henrich, J. & Smith, N. (2004) Comparative experimental evidence from Machiguenga, Mapuche, and American populations. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 125-67. Oxford University Press.
180. Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E. & Gintis, H., eds. (2004) Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies. Oxford University Press.
181. Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E., Gintis, H. & McElreath, R. (2004) Overview and synthesis. In: Foundations of human sociality, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr, & H. Gintis, pp. 8-54. Oxford University Press.
182. Higley, J. D., Linnoila, M. & Suomi, S. J. (1994) Ethological contributions. In: Handbook of aggressive and destructive behavior in psychiatric patients, ed. M. Hersen, R. T. Ammerman & L. A. Sisson. Plenum Press.
183. Higley, J. D., Thompson, W. W., Champoux, M., Goldman, D., Haesert, M., Kraemer, G. W., Scanlan, J. M., Suomi, S. J. & Linnoila, M. (1993) Paternal and maternal genetic and environmental contributions to cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Archives of General Psychiatry 50:615-23.
184. Hill, E. & Sally, D. (2004) Dilemmas and bargains: Autism, theory of mind, cooperation and fairness. University College London.
185. Hill, K. & Gurven, M. (2004) Economic experiments to examine fairness and cooperation among the Ache Indians of Paraguay. In: Foundations in Human Sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 382-412. Oxford University Press.
186. Hirshleifer, J. (1987) On the emotions as guarantors of threats and promises. In: The latest on the best: Essays on evolution and optimality, ed. J. Dupré, pp. 307-26. MIT Press.
187. Hirshleifer, J. (2001) Game-theoretic interpretations of commitment. In: Evolution and the capacity for commitment, ed. R. M. Nesse, pp. 77-98. Russell Sage Foundation.
188. Hoffman, E., McCabe, K., Shachat, K. & Smith, V. (1994) Preferences, property rights, and anonymity in bargaining games. Game and Economic Behavior 7:346-80.
189. Hoffman, E., McCabe, K. A. & Smith, V. L. (1996a) On expectations and the monetary stakes in ultimatum games. International Journal of Game Theory 25(3):289-301.
190. Hoffman, E., McCabe, K. & Smith, V. L. (1996b) Social distance and other-regarding behavior in dictator games. American Economic Review 86(3):653-60.
191. Hoffman, E., McCabe, K. A. & Smith, V. L. (1998) Behavioral foundations of reciprocity: Experimental economics and evolutionary psychology. Economic Inquiry 36:335-52.
192. Howell, S. (1997) Introduction. In: The ethnography of moralities, ed. S. Howell, pp. 1-24. Routledge.
193. Hruschka, D. & Henrich, J. (in press) Friendship, cliquishness, and the emergence of cooperation. Journal of Theoretical Biology.
194. Hück, S. & Oechssler, J. (1999) The indirect evolutionary approach to explaining fair allocations. Games and Economic Behavior 28:13-24.
195. Hull, D. L. (1988) Science as a process. University of Chicago Press.
196. Humphrey, C. (1997) A exemplars and rules: Aspects of the discourse of moralities in Mongolia. In: The ethnography of moralities, ed. S. Howell, pp. 25-49. Routledge.
197. Hutchins, E. (1996) Cognition in the wild. MIT Press.
198. Iacoboni, M., Woods, R. P., Brass, M., Bekkering, H., Mazziotta, J. C. & Rizzolatti, G. (1999) Cortical mechanisms of imitation. Science 286:2526-28.
199. International Labour Organisation (2000) Cost of Social Security - World Labour Report 2000. Available at: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/ protection/socfas/research/stat/table14.htm.
200. Irons, W. G. (2001) Religion as a hard-to-fake sign of commitment. In: Evolution and the capacity for commitment, ed. R. M. Nesse, pp. 292-309. Russell Sage Foundation.
201. Jankowiak, W. (2004) Market reform and the expansion of China's moral horizon. In: Well being, family affections, and ethical nationalism in urban China, ed. W. Jankowiak. Special issue of The Journal of Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development 33(24):167-210.
202. Johnson, A. (2003) Families of the forest: Matsigenka Indians of the Peruvian Amazon. University of California.
203. Johnson, A. & Earle, T. (2000) The evolution of human societies (2nd edition). Stanford University Press.
204. Johnson, D., Stopka, P. & Knights, S. (2003) The puzzle of human cooperation. Nature 421:911-12.
205. Jones, D. (2000) Group nepotism and human kinship. Current Anthropology 41(5):779-809.
206. Jordan, B. (1999) Begging: The global context and international comparisons. In: Begging questions: Street-level economic activity and social policy failure, ed. H. Dean, pp. 43-62. Policy Press.
207. Joshi, N. V. (1987) Evolution of cooperation by reciprocation within structured demes. Journal of Genetics 66(1):69-84.
208. Kachelmeier, S. & Shehata, M. (1997) Internal auditing and voluntary cooperation in firms: A cross-cultural experiment. The Accounting Review 72(3):407-31.
209. Kagel, J. H. & Roth, A. E., eds. (1995) Handbook of experimental economics. Princeton University Press.
210. Kahneman, D., Slovic, P. & Tversky, A. (1982) Judgement under uncertainty. Cambridge University Press.
211. Kaplan, H. & Hill, K. (1985) Food sharing among Ache foragers: Tests of explanatory hypotheses. Current Anthropology 26:223-45.
212. Kenrick, D. T. & Keefe, R. C. (1992) Age preferences in mates reflect sex differences in human reproductive strategies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:75-133.
213. Kenrick, D. T. & Li, N. P. (2000) The Darwin is in the details. American Psychologist 55:1060-61.
214. Kenrick, D. T. & Sundie, J. M. (in press) Dynamical evolutionary psychology and mathematical modeling: Quantifying the implications of qualitative biases. In: The evolution of mind: Fundamental questions and controversies, ed. S. W. Gangestad & J. A. Simpson. Guildford Press.
215. Kenrick, D. T., Becker, D. V., Butner, J., Li, N. P. & Maner, J. K. (2003a) Evolutionary cognitive science: Adding what and why to how the mind works. In: From mating to mentality: Evaluating evolutionary psychology, ed. K. Sterelney & J. Fitness, pp. 13-38. Psychology Press.
216. Kenrick, D. T., Li, N. P. & Butner, J. (2003b) Dynamical evolutionary psychology: Individual decision-rules and emergent social norms. Psychological Review 110:3-28.
217. Kiyonari, T., Tanida, S. & Yamagishi, T. (2000) Social exchange and reciprocity: Confusion or a heuristic? Evolution and Human Behavior 21:411-27.
218. Knez, M. J. & Camerer, C. F. (1995) Outside options and social comparison in three-player ultimatum game experiments. Games and Economic Behavior 10(1):65-94.
219. Kohn, M. (1990) Position in the class structure and psychological functioning in the U.S., Japan, and Poland. American Journal of Sociology 95:964-1008.
220. Kollock, P. (1997) Transforming social dilemmas: Group identity and cooperation. In: Modeling rational and moral agents, ed. P. Danielson, pp. 186-210. Oxford University Press.
221. Kraemer, G. W., Ebert, M. H., Schmidt, D. E. & McKinney, W. T. (1989 A longitudinal study of the effect of different social rearing conditions on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and biogenic amine metabolites in rhesus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology 2:175-89.
222. Kurzban, R. (2001) The social psychophysics of cooperation: Nonverbal communication in a public goods game. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 25(4):241-59.
223. Laham, S. M., Gonsalkorale, K. & von Hippel, W. (2005) Darwinian grandparenting: Preferential investment in more certain kin. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31:63-72.
224. Laland, K. N., Odling-Smee, J. & Feldman, M. W. (2000) Niche construction, biological evolution, and cultural change. Behavavioral and Brain Science 23:131-75.
225. Larrick, R. P. & Blount, S. (1997) The claiming effect: Why players are more generous in social dilemmas than in ultimatum games. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72(4):810-25.
226. Leach, C. W., Spears, R., Branscombe, N. R. & Doosje, B. (2003) Malicious pleasure: Schadenfreude at the suffering of another group. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84:932-43.
227. Ledlow, S. E. & Linder, D. E. (2003) Kinship, familiarity and frame in a simulated social dilemma. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Western Psychological Association, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 2003.
228. Ledyard, J. O. (1995) Public Goods: A survey of experimental research. In: Handbook of experimental economics, ed. J. Kagel & A. Roth, pp. 111-94. Princeton University Press.
229. Lee, A. Y., Aaker, J. L. & Gardner, W. (2000) The pleasures and pains of distinct self-construals: The role of interdependence in regulatory focus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78(6):1122-34.
230. Leimar, O. & Hammerstein, P. (2001) Evolution of cooperation through indirect reciprocity. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 268(1468):745-53.
231. Lesorogol, C. (2005a) Double-blind dictator game: Samburu. Paper presented at the Roots of Human Sociality Conference, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, April 14-17, 2005.
232. Lesorogol, C. (2005b) Experiments and ethnography: Combining methods for better understanding of behavior and change. Current Anthropology 46:129-36.
233. Liberman, V., Samuels, S. M. & Ross, L. (2004) The name of the game: Predictive power of reputations versus situational labels in determining prisoner's dilemma game moves. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30:1175-85.
234. Lilly, A., Nix, P., Mehlman, P. T., Higley, J. D., Ward, G., Taub, D. M. & Brown, G. L. (1992) Effect of PCPA in a male rhesus monkey with an extremely deviant CNS serotonin metabolism disorder. American Journal of Primatology 27:44.
235. List, J. A. & Cherry, T. L. (2000) Learning to accept in ultimatum games: Evidence from an experimental design that generates low offers. Experimental Economics 3:11-31.
236. Loewenstein, G. (1999) Experimental economics form the vantage point of view of behavioral economics. Economic Journal 109:F25-F34.
237. Loewenstein, G. F., Thompson, L. & Bazerman, M. H. (1989) Social utility and decision making in interpersonal contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57(3):426-41.
238. Low, B. S. (1990) Marriage systems and pathogen stress in human societies. American Zoologist 30:325-39.
239. Mackie, J. L. (1977) Ethics: Inventing right and wrong. Penguin Books.
240. Markman, A. B. & Medin, D. L. (2002) Decision making. In: Stevens handbook of experimental psychology, ed. D. L. Medin & H. Pashler, pp. 413-66. Wiley.
241. Marlowe, F. W. (2004a) Dictators and ultimatums in an egalitarian society of hunter-gatherers: The Hadza of Tanzania. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 168-93. Oxford University Press.
242. Marlowe, F. W. (2004b) What explains Hadza food sharing? In: Research in Economic Anthropology: Socioeconomic aspects of human behavioral ecology, vol. 23, ed. M. Alvard, pp. 67-86. JAI Press.
243. Martignon, L., Vitouch, O., Takezawa, M. & Forster, M. R. (2003) Naive and yet enlightened: From natural frequencies to fast and frugal decision trees. In: Thinking: Psychological perspective on reasoning, judgment, and decision making, ed. D. Hardman & L. Macchi, pp. 189-211. Wiley.
244. Martin, G. B. & Clark, R. D. (1982) Distress crying in neonates: Species and peer specificity. Developmental Psychology 18:3-9.
245. Marwell, G. & Ames, R. E. (1981) Economists free ride, does anyone else? Journal of Public Economics 15:295-310.
246. McCabe, K. A., Rassenti, S. & Smith, V. L. (1996) Game theory and reciprocity in some extensive form experimental games. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93:13421-28.
247. McCabe, K. A., Rigdon, M. & Smith, V. L. (2003) Positive reciprocity and intentions in trust games. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 52:267-75.
248. McElreath, R., Boyd, R. & Richerson, P. (2003) Shared norms can lead to the evolution of ethnic markers. Current Anthropology 44(1):123-29.
249. Medin, D. L., Goldstone, R. L. & Markman, A. B. (1995) Comparison and choice: Relations between similarity processing and decision processing. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 2(1):1-19.
250. Metcalfe, J. & Mischel, W. (1999) A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification: Dynamics of willpower. Psychological Review 106:3-19.
251. Meyer, J. W., Boli, J., Thomas, G. M. & Ramirez, F. O. (1997) World society and the nation-state. American Journal of Sociology 103:144-81.
252. Midlarsky, E. & Bryan, J. H. (1972) Affect expressions and children's imitative altruism. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 6:195-203.
253. Miles, D. R. & Carey, G. (1997) Genetic and environmental architecture of human aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72:207-17.
254. Milinski, M., Semmann, D. & Krambeck, H.-J. (2002) Donors to charity gain in both indirect reciprocity and political reputation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 269:881-83.
255. Miller, D. T. (1999) The norm of self-interest. American Psychologist 54:1-8.
256. Mischel, W. & Liebert, R. M. (1966) Effects of discrepancies between observed and imposed reward criteria on their acquisition and transmission. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 3:45-53.
257. Mohtashemi, M. & Mui, L. (2003) Evolution of indirect reciprocity by social information: The role of trust and reputation in evolution of altruism. Journal of Theoretical Biology 223(4):523-31.
258. Monroe, K. (1996) The heart of altruism: Perception of a common humanity. Princeton University Press.
259. Murnighan, J. K. & Saxon, M. S. (1998) Ultimatum bargaining by children and adults. Journal of Economic Psychology 19(4):415-45.
260. North, D. C. 2005 Understanding the process of economic change. Princeton University Press.
261. Nowak, M. A., Page, K. M. & Sigmund, K. (2000) Fairness versus reason in the Ultimatum Game. Science 289(5485):1773-75.
262. Olson, M. (1965) The logic of collective action. Public goods and the theory of groups. Harvard University Press.
263. Oosterbeek, H., Sloof, R. & van de Kuilen, G. (2004) Cultural differences in ultimatum experiments: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Experimental EcHnomics 7:171-88. Available at: http://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/wuwpex/0401003.html
264. Orbell, J. M., van de Kragt, A. J. C. & Dawes, R. M. (1988) Explaining discussion induced cooperation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40:45-51.
265. Ostrom, E. (2005) Understanding institutional diversity. Princeton University Press.
266. Ostrom, E. & Walker, J. (2003) Trust and reciprocity: Interdisciplinary lessons from experimental research. Russell Sage Foundation.
267. Ostrom, E., Gardner, R. & Walker, J. (1994) Rules, games, and common-pool resources. University of Michigan Press.
268. Oxenstierna, G., Edman, G., Iselius, L., Oreland, L., Ross, S. B. & Sedvall, G. (1986) Concentrations of monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of twins and unrelated individuals: A genetic study. Journal of Psychiatric Research 20:19-20.
269. Paciotti, B. & Hadley, C. (2003) The ultimatum game in southwestern Tanzania: Ethnic variation and institutional scope. Current Anthropology 44:427-32.
270. Paciotti, B., Hadley C., Holmes, C. & Borgerhoff Mulder, M. (2005) Grass-roots justice in Tanzania. American Scientist 93:58-65.
271. Page, K. M. (2000) A generalized adaptive dynamics framework can describe the evolutionary Ultimatum Game. Journal of Theoretical Biology 209:173-79.
272. Page, T., Putterman, L. & Unel, B. (2003) Voluntary association in Public Goods experiments: Reciprocity, mimicry, and efficiency. Working paper.
273. Panchanathan, K. & Boyd, R. (2003) A tale of two defectors: The importance of standing for the evolution of indirect reciprocity. Journal of Theoretical Biology 224:115-26.
274. Panchanathan, K. & Boyd, R. (2004) Indirect reciprocity can stabilize cooperation without the second-order free rider problem. Nature 432:499-502.
275. Parsons, T. (1967) Sociological theory and modern society. Free Press.
276. Patton, J. Q. (2004) Coalitional effects on reciprocal fairness in the ultimatum game: A case from the Ecuadorian Amazon. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 96-124. Oxford University Press.
277. Patton, J. Q. (2005) Meat sharing for coalitional support. Evolution and Human Behavior 26(2):137-57.
278. Petty, R. E. & Cacioppe, J. T. (1986) The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 19:123-205. Academic Press.
279. Pillutla, M. M. & Chen, X.-P. (1999) Social norms and cooperation in social dilemmas: The effects of context and feedback. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 78(2):81-103.
280. Presbie, R. J. & Coiteux, P. F. (1971) Learning to be generous or stingy: Imitation of sharing behavior as a function of model generosity and vicarious reinforcement. Child Development 42(4):1033-38.
281. Price, M. E. (2005) Punitive sentiment among the Shuar and in industrialized societies: Cross-cultural similarities. Evolution and Human Behavior 26:279-87.
282. Price, M. E., Tooby, J. & Cosmides, L. (2002) Punitive sentiment as an anti-free rider psychological device. Evolution and Human Behavior 23:203-31.
283. Pruitt, D. G. & Kimmel, M. J. (1977) Twenty years of experimental gaming: Critique, synthesis, and suggestions for the future. Annual Review of Psychology 28:363-92.
284. Pulliam, H. R. & Dunford, C. (1980) Programmed to learn: An essay on the evolution of culture. Columbia University Press.
285. Pyszczynski, T. & Greenberg, J. (1987) Toward an integration of cognitive and motivational perspectives on social inference: A biased hypothesis-testing model. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 20:297-340.
286. Quartz, S. R. & Sejnowski, T. J. (1997) The neural basis of cognitive development: A constructivist manifesto. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20:537-96.
287. Rachlin, H. (1970) Introduction to modern behaviorism. Freeman.
288. Rapoport, A. & Chammah, A. (1965) Prisoner's dilemma. University of Michigan Press.
289. Rawls, J. (1971) A theory of justice. Harvard University Press.
290. Reeves, L. M. & Weisberg, R. W. (1994) The role of content and abstract information in analogical transfer. Psychological Bulletin 115:381-400.
291. Rege, M. & Telle, K. (2004) The impact of social approval and framing on cooperation in public good situations. Journal of Public Economics 88(7-8):1625-44.
292. Rice, M. E. & Grusec, J. E. (1975) Saying and doing: Effects of observer performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 32:584-93.
293. Richerson, P. J. & Boyd, R. (2000a) Climate, culture and the evolution of cognition. In: The evolution of cognition, ed. C. M. Heyes, pp. 329-45. MIT Press.
294. Richerson, P. J. & Boyd, R. (2000b) Complex societies: The evolutionary dynamics of a crude superorganism. Human Nature 10:253-89.
295. Richerson, P. J. & Boyd, R. (2005) Not by genes alone: How culture transformed human evolution. University of Chicago Press.
296. Richerson, P. J., Boyd, R. T. & Henrich, J. (2003) Cultural evolution of human cooperation. In: The genetic and cultural evolution of cooperation, ed. P. Hammerstein, pp. 357-88. MIT Press.
297. Rogoff, B. (2003) The cultural nature of human development. Oxford University Press.
298. Rosenthal, T. L. & Zimmerman, B. J. (1978) Social learning and cognition. Academic Press.
299. Ross, L. & Ward, A. (1996) Naive realism: Implications for social conflict and misunderstanding. In: Values and knowledge, ed. T. Brown, E. Reed & E. Turiel. Erlbaum.
300. Roth, A. E. (1995) Bargaining experiments. In: The handbook of experimental economics, ed. J. H. Kagel & A. E. Roth, pp. 253-48. Princeton University Press.
301. Roth, A. E., Prasnikar, V., Okuno-Fujiwara, M. & Zamir, S. (1991) Bargaining and market behavior in Jerusalem, Ljubljana, Pittburgh and Tokyo: An experimental study. American Economic Review 81(5):1068-95.
302. Rubinstein, A. (1998) Modeling bounded rationality. MIT Press.
303. Ruffle, B. & Sosis, R. (in press) Cooperation and the in-group-out-group bias: A field test on Israeli kibbutzim and city residents. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization.
304. Rushton, J. P. (1975) Generosity in children: Immediate and long term effects of modeling, preaching, and moral judgement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 31:459-66.
305. Rushton, J. P., Fulker, D. W., Neale, M. C., Nias, D. K. B. & Eysenck, H. J. (1986) Altruism and aggression: The heritability of individual differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50:1192-98.
306. Rutter, M. L. (1997) Nature-nurture integration: The example of antisocial behaviour. American Psychologist 52:390-98.
307. Sally, D. (1995) Conversation and cooperation in social dilemmas: A meta-analysis of experiments from 1958 to 1992. Rationality and Society 7:58-92.
308. Samuelson, L. (2001) Adaptations, analogies and anomalies. Journal of Economic Theory 97:320-66.
309. Sanfey, A. G., Rilling, J. K., Aronson, J. A., Nystrom, L. E. & Cohen, J. D. (2003) The neural basis of economic decision-making in the ultimatum game. Science 300:1755-58.
310. Shanks, D. R. & St. John, M. F. (1994) Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17:367-447.
311. Sherif, M. I. (1937) An experimental approach to the study of attitudes. Sociometry 1:90-98.
312. Sherman, P. W. & Hash, G. A. (2001) Why vegetable recipes are not very spicy. Evolution and Human Behavior 22:147-64.
313. Silk, J. B., Brosnan, S. F., Vonk, J., Henrich, J., Povinelli, D. J., Richardson, A. S., Lambeth, S. P., Mascaro, J. & Shapiro, S. J. (2005) Chimpanzees are indifferent to the welfare of unrelated group members. Nature 437:1357-59.
314. Slonim, R. & Roth, A. E. (1998) Learning in high stakes ultimatum games: An experiment in the Slovak Republic. Econometrica 66(3):569-96.
315. Smith, A. (1759/1966) The theory of moral sentiments, ed. A. Millar, A. Kincaid & J. Bell. A. M. Kelley. (Originally published in 1759).
316. Smith, E. A. & Bliege Bird, R. (2000) Turtle hunting and tombstone opening: Public generosity as costly signaling. Evolution and Human Behavior 21(4):245-61.
317. Smith, M. (1993) Realism. In: A companion to ethics, ed. P. Singer, pp. 399-410. Blackwell.
318. Smith, M. S., Kish, B. J. & Crawford, C. B. (1987) Inheritance of wealth as human kin investment. Ethology and Sociobiology 8:171-81.
319. Smith, V. L. (1998) The two faces of Adam Smith. Southern economic association distinguished guest lecture. Southern Economic Journal 65:1-19.
320. Smith, V. L. (2003) Constructivist and ecological rationality in economics. American Economic Review 93:465-508.
321. Sosis, R. & Alcorta, C. (2003) Signaling, solidarity, and the sacred: The evolution of religious behavior. Evolutionary Anthropology 12(6):264-74.
322. Sosis, R. & Ruffle, B. (2003) Religious ritual and cooperation: Testing for a relationship on Israeli religious and secular kibbutzim. Current Anthropology 44:713-22.
323. Sosis, R. & Ruffle, B. (2004) Ideology, religion, and the evolution of cooperation: Field tests on Israeli kibbutzim. Research in Economic Anthropology 23:89-117.
324. Sugiyama, L. S., Tooby, J. & Cosmides, L. (2002) Cross-cultural evidence of cognitive adaptations for social exchange among the Shiwiar of Ecuadorian Amazonia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 99:11537-42.
325. Sullivan, R. J. & Allen, J. S. (1999) Social deficits associated with schizophrenia defined in terms of interpersonal Machiavellianism. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 99:148-54.
326. Sullivan, R. J., Allen, J. S., Otto, C., Tiobech, S. & Nero, K. (2000) The effects of chewing betel nut (Arena catechu) on the symptoms of people with schizophrenia in Palau, Micronesia. British Journal of Psychiatry 177:174-78.
327. Taylor, C. (1964) The explanation of behaviour. Humanities Press.
328. Taylor, C. (1992) The ethics of authencity. Harvard University Press.
329. Tenbrunsel, A. E. & Messick, D. E. (1999) Sanctioning systems, decision frames, and cooperation. Administrative Science Quarterly 44(4):684-707.
330. Tinbergen, N. (1968) On war and peace in animals and man. An ethologist's approach to the biology of aggression. Science 160:1411-18.
331. Tomasello, M. (1999) The cultural origins of human cognition. Harvard University Press.
332. Tomasello, M., Carpenter, M., Call, J., Behne, T. & Moll, H. (2005) Understanding and sharing intentions: The origins of cultural cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28(5):675-91.
333. Tracer, D. (2003) Selfishness and fairness in economic and evolutionary perspective: An experimental economic study in Papua New Guinea. Current Anthropology 44(3):432-38.
334. Tracer, D. (2004). Market integration, reciprocity, and fairness in rural Papua New Guinea: Results from a two-village ultimatum game experiments. In: Foundations of human sociality: Economic experiments and ethnographic evidence from fifteen small-scale societies, ed. J. Henrich, R. Boyd, S. Bowles, C. Camerer, E. Fehr & H. Gintis, pp. 232-59. Oxford University Press.
335. Triandis, H. C. (1995) Individualism and collectivism. Westview Press.
336. Trivers, R. L. (1971) The evolution of reciprocal altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology 46(1):35-57.
337. Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D. (1992) Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 5:297-323.
338. Walker, J. M., Gardner, R. & Ostrom, E. (1990) Rent dissipation in a limited-access common-pool resource: Experimental evidence. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 19:203-11.
339. Warneken, F. & Tomasello, M. (2005) Young children and chimpanzees help others to achieve their goals. Poster presented at the Society for Research on Child Development Biennial Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, April 7-10, 2005.
340. Watabe, M., Terai, S., Hayashi, N. & Yamagishi, T. (1996) Cooperation in the one-shot Prisoner's Dilemma based on expectations of reciprocity. Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 36:183-96.
341. Weber, M. (1904/1958) The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. Charles Scribners.
342. Weibull, J. W. (1995) Evolutionary game theory. MIT Press.
343. Wilson, M. & Daly, M. (2004) Do pretty women inspire men to discount the future? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 271 (Suppl. 4):177-79.
344. Wilson, E. O. (1975) Sociobiology: The new synthesis. Harvard University Press.
345. Woodburn, J. (1968) An introduction to Hadza ecology. In: Man the hunter, ed. R. B. Lee & I. DeVore, pp. 49-55. Aldine.
346. Young, H. P. (1998) Individual strategy and social structure: An evolutionary theory of institutions. Princeton University Press.
347. Zajonc, R. B. (1980) Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist 35:151-75.
348. Zelizer, V.A. (1994) The social meaning of money. Basic Books.
349. Zizzo, D. J. (2002a) Between utility and cognition: The neurobiology of relative position. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 48:71-91.
350. Zizzo, D. J. (2002b) Neurobiological measurements of cardinal utility: Hedonimeters or learning algorithms? Social Choice and Welfare 19:477-88.
351. Zizzo, D. J. (2003a) Empirical evidence on interdependent preferences: Nature or nurture? Cambridge Journal of Economics 27:867-80.
352. Zizzo, D. J. (2003b) You are not in my boat: Common fate and similarity attractors in bargaining settings. Department of Economics Discussion Paper No. 167, University of Oxford. Available at: http://www.economics.ox.ac.uk/Research/wp/pdf/paper167.pdf
353. Zizzo, D. J. (2005) Transfer of knowledge and the similarity function in economic decision-making. In: Transfer of knowledge in economic decision making, ed. D. J. Zizzo. Palgrave Macmillan.