메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 67, Issue 12, 2015, Pages 1634-1649

Saffron: A natural product with potential pharmaceutical applications

Author keywords

biological pharmacological evaluation; crocin; drugs from natural sources; natural products; saffron; safranal

Indexed keywords

CROCIN; GLUCOSE; LIPID; MORPHINE; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; SAFFRON; SAFRANAL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; PLANT EXTRACT;

EID: 84955204896     PISSN: 00223573     EISSN: 20427158     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12456     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (169)

References (121)
  • 2
    • 77956410642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New applications and mechanisms of action of saffron and its important ingredients
    • Bathaie SZ, Mousavi SZ,. New applications and mechanisms of action of saffron and its important ingredients. Crit Rev Food Scu Nutr 2010; 50: 761-786.
    • (2010) Crit Rev Food Scu Nutr , vol.50 , pp. 761-786
    • Bathaie, S.Z.1    Mousavi, S.Z.2
  • 3
    • 34548445132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron in phytotherapy: Pharmacology and clinical uses
    • Schmidt M, et al. Saffron in phytotherapy: pharmacology and clinical uses. Wien Med Wochenschr 2007; 157: 315-319.
    • (2007) Wien Med Wochenschr , vol.157 , pp. 315-319
    • Schmidt, M.1
  • 6
    • 79958215240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of saffron: An evidence-based review
    • Kamalipour M, et al. Cardiovascular effects of saffron: an evidence-based review. Teh Univ Heart Ctr 2011; 6: 59-61.
    • (2011) Teh Univ Heart Ctr , vol.6 , pp. 59-61
    • Kamalipour, M.1
  • 7
    • 0642339654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the pharmacological effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) - A review
    • Deng Y, et al. Studies on the pharmacological effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)-A review. Zhonguo Zhongn Yao Za Zhi 2002; 27: 565-568.
    • (2002) Zhonguo Zhongn Yao Za Zhi , vol.27 , pp. 565-568
    • Deng, Y.1
  • 8
    • 2942615338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocetin from saffron: An active component of an ancient spice
    • Giaccio M,. Crocetin from saffron: an active component of an ancient spice. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2004; 44: 155-172.
    • (2004) Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr , vol.44 , pp. 155-172
    • Giaccio, M.1
  • 9
    • 49349104502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological activities of crocin in saffron
    • Soeda S, et al. Pharmacological activities of crocin in saffron. J Nat Med 2007; 61: 102-111.
    • (2007) J Nat Med , vol.61 , pp. 102-111
    • Soeda, S.1
  • 10
    • 84897922015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological profile of Crocus sativus - A comprehensive review
    • Kumar V, et al. Pharmacological profile of Crocus sativus-A comprehensive review. Pharmacologyonline 2011; 3: 789-811.
    • (2011) Pharmacologyonline , vol.3 , pp. 789-811
    • Kumar, V.1
  • 11
    • 84969317502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical applications of saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents: A review
    • Moshiri M, et al. Clinical applications of saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents: a review. Drug Res 2014; 64: 1-9.
    • (2014) Drug Res , vol.64 , pp. 1-9
    • Moshiri, M.1
  • 12
    • 84890059100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron and natural carotenoids: Biochemical activities and anti-tumor effects
    • Bolhassani A, et al. Saffron and natural carotenoids: biochemical activities and anti-tumor effects. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1845: 20-30.
    • (2014) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1845 , pp. 20-30
    • Bolhassani, A.1
  • 13
    • 84940164645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocus sativus L. (saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: A mini review
    • Bhandari P,. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) for cancer chemoprevention: a mini review. J Trad ComplementMed 2015; 5: 81-87.
    • (2015) J Trad ComplementMed , vol.5 , pp. 81-87
    • Bhandari, P.1
  • 14
    • 84923875933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of Crocus sativus L. and its constituents on memory: Basic studies and clinical applications
    • Pitsikas N,. The effect of Crocus sativus L. and its constituents on memory: basic studies and clinical applications. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015: 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/926284.
    • (2015) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2015 , pp. 1-7
    • Pitsikas, N.1
  • 15
    • 0343819945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term treatment of colon adenocarcinoma with crocin, a carotenoid from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): An experimental study in the rats
    • Garcia-Olmo DC, et al. Effects of long-term treatment of colon adenocarcinoma with crocin, a carotenoid from saffron (Crocus sativus L.): an experimental study in the rats. Nutr Cancer 1999; 35: 120-126.
    • (1999) Nutr Cancer , vol.35 , pp. 120-126
    • Garcia-Olmo, D.C.1
  • 16
    • 58149391823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic effect of saffron stigma aqueous extract on human transitional cell carcinoma and mouse fibroblast
    • Feizzadeh B, et al. Cytotoxic effect of saffron stigma aqueous extract on human transitional cell carcinoma and mouse fibroblast. Urol J 2008; 5: 161-167.
    • (2008) Urol J , vol.5 , pp. 161-167
    • Feizzadeh, B.1
  • 17
    • 75249099832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventive effect of crocin of Crocus sativus on hemodynamic, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastuctural alterations in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
    • Goyal S, et al. Preventive effect of crocin of Crocus sativus on hemodynamic, biochemical, histopathological and ultrastuctural alterations in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Phytomedicine 2010; 17: 227-232.
    • (2010) Phytomedicine , vol.17 , pp. 227-232
    • Goyal, S.1
  • 18
    • 77951140139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of saffron consumption on biochemical and histopathological heart indices of rats with myocardial infarction
    • Joukar S, et al. The effect of saffron consumption on biochemical and histopathological heart indices of rats with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2010; 10: 66-71.
    • (2010) Cardiovasc Toxicol , vol.10 , pp. 66-71
    • Joukar, S.1
  • 19
    • 84866909578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins, in an animal modelof obsessive-compulsive disorder
    • Georgiadou G, et al. Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins, in an animal modelof obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neurosci Lett 2012; 528: 27-30.
    • (2012) Neurosci Lett , vol.528 , pp. 27-30
    • Georgiadou, G.1
  • 20
    • 84888260574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticancer effects of crocetin in both human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cells and rat model of gastric cancer
    • Bathaie SZ, et al. Anticancer effects of crocetin in both human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cells and rat model of gastric cancer. Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 91: 397-403.
    • (2013) Biochem Cell Biol , vol.91 , pp. 397-403
    • Bathaie, S.Z.1
  • 21
    • 84876552067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocin inhibits antitumor effects on human leukemia HL-60 cells in vitro and in vivo
    • Sun Y, et al. Crocin inhibits antitumor effects on human leukemia HL-60 cells in vitro and in vivo. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 1-7.
    • (2013) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2013 , pp. 1-7
    • Sun, Y.1
  • 22
    • 39449112686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of safranal, a constituent of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on lipid peroxidation level during renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
    • Sadeghnia HR, et al. Effect of safranal, a constituent of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on lipid peroxidation level during renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci Fall 2005; 8: 179-185.
    • (2005) Iran J Basic Med Sci Fall , vol.8 , pp. 179-185
    • Sadeghnia, H.R.1
  • 26
    • 9644268896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomedical properties of saffron and its potential uses in cancer therapy and chemoprevention trials
    • Abdullaev FI, Espinosa-Aquirre JJ,. Biomedical properties of saffron and its potential uses in cancer therapy and chemoprevention trials. Cancer Detect Prev 2004; 28: 426-432.
    • (2004) Cancer Detect Prev , vol.28 , pp. 426-432
    • Abdullaev, F.I.1    Espinosa-Aquirre, J.J.2
  • 27
    • 33644778804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract against genetic damage induced by anti-tumor agents in mice
    • Premkumar K, et al. Protective effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract against genetic damage induced by anti-tumor agents in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2006; 25: 79-84.
    • (2006) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.25 , pp. 79-84
    • Premkumar, K.1
  • 28
    • 82155184517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory effects of saffron: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
    • Kianbakht S, Ghazavi A,. Immunomodulatory effects of saffron: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2011; 25: 1801-1805.
    • (2011) Phytother Res , vol.25 , pp. 1801-1805
    • Kianbakht, S.1    Ghazavi, A.2
  • 29
    • 79961206003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of antioxidant activity of saffron taken from the flower of Crocus sativus grown in Lebanon
    • Makhlouf H, et al. Determination of antioxidant activity of saffron taken from the flower of Crocus sativus grown in Lebanon. Afr J Biotechnol 2011; 10: 8093-8100.
    • (2011) Afr J Biotechnol , vol.10 , pp. 8093-8100
    • Makhlouf, H.1
  • 30
    • 18444399219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocus sativus L. in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: A double blind, randomized and placebo controlled trial
    • Akhondzadeh S, et al. Crocus sativus L. in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double blind, randomized and placebo controlled trial. Phytother Res 2005; 19: 148-151.
    • (2005) Phytother Res , vol.19 , pp. 148-151
    • Akhondzadeh, S.1
  • 31
    • 13544274008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus L versus fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: A double-blind, randomized pilot trial
    • Noorbala A, et al. Hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus L versus fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized pilot trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 97: 281-284.
    • (2005) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.97 , pp. 281-284
    • Noorbala, A.1
  • 32
    • 38949193873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocus sativus L. (saffron) in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: A double-blind, randomised and placebo controlled trial
    • Agha-Hosseini M, et al. Crocus sativus L. (saffron) in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind, randomised and placebo controlled trial. BJOG 2008; 115: 515-519.
    • (2008) BJOG , vol.115 , pp. 515-519
    • Agha-Hosseini, M.1
  • 33
    • 72049130825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 22-week multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of Crocus sativus in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease
    • Akhondzadeh S, et al. A 22-week multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of Crocus sativus in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 207: 637-643.
    • (2010) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.207 , pp. 637-643
    • Akhondzadeh, S.1
  • 34
    • 0011030944 scopus 로고
    • Riboflavine and thiamine contents of saffron, Crocus sativus
    • Bhat JV, Broker R,. Riboflavine and thiamine contents of saffron, Crocus sativus. Nature 1953; 172: 544-545.
    • (1953) Nature , vol.172 , pp. 544-545
    • Bhat, J.V.1    Broker, R.2
  • 35
    • 77957043191 scopus 로고
    • Constituents of Crocus sativus L. Bulbs
    • Loukis A, et al. Constituents of Crocus sativus L. bulbs. Plant Med Phytother 1983; 17: 89-91.
    • (1983) Plant Med Phytother , vol.17 , pp. 89-91
    • Loukis, A.1
  • 36
    • 0029934789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update review of saffron and its active constituents
    • Rios JL, et al. An update review of saffron and its active constituents. Phytother Res 1996; 10: 189-193.
    • (1996) Phytother Res , vol.10 , pp. 189-193
    • Rios, J.L.1
  • 37
    • 0034367581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron-renewed interest in an ancient spice
    • Winterhalter P, Straubinger M,. Saffron-renewed interest in an ancient spice. Food Rev Int 2000; 16: 39-59.
    • (2000) Food Rev Int , vol.16 , pp. 39-59
    • Winterhalter, P.1    Straubinger, M.2
  • 38
    • 33745216323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology, biotechnology and biomedicine of saffron
    • Fernandez JA,. Biology, biotechnology and biomedicine of saffron. Recent Res Devel Plant Sc 2004; 2: 127-159.
    • (2004) Recent Res Devel Plant Sc , vol.2 , pp. 127-159
    • Fernandez, J.A.1
  • 39
    • 0035535412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of crocins and picrocrocin from Spanish saffron (Crocus sativus L)
    • Alonso GL, et al. Composition of crocins and picrocrocin from Spanish saffron (Crocus sativus L). J Food Qual 2001; 24: 219-233.
    • (2001) J Food Qual , vol.24 , pp. 219-233
    • Alonso, G.L.1
  • 40
    • 0000359529 scopus 로고
    • Absolute configuration of picrocrocin
    • Buchecker R, Eugster CH,. Absolute configuration of picrocrocin. Helv Chi Acta 1973; 56: 1121-1124.
    • (1973) Helv Chi Acta , vol.56 , pp. 1121-1124
    • Buchecker, R.1    Eugster, C.H.2
  • 41
    • 0007141752 scopus 로고
    • Valutazione della frazione volatile dello zafferano mediante gascromatografia dello spazio di testa
    • Curro P, et al. Valutazione della frazione volatile dello zafferano mediante gascromatografia dello spazio di testa. Rassegna Chimica 1986; 38: 331-334.
    • (1986) Rassegna Chimica , vol.38 , pp. 331-334
    • Curro, P.1
  • 42
    • 0041635067 scopus 로고
    • Picrocrocin, the terpene glucoside of saffron and the biogenesis of the carotenoid-carboxylic acid
    • Kuhn R, Winterstein G,. Picrocrocin, the terpene glucoside of saffron and the biogenesis of the carotenoid-carboxylic acid. Naturwissenschaften 1933; 21: 527.
    • (1933) Naturwissenschaften , vol.21 , pp. 527
    • Kuhn, R.1    Winterstein, G.2
  • 43
    • 0005007093 scopus 로고
    • Minor carotenoid glycosides from saffron (Crocus sativus)
    • Dhingra VK, et al. Minor carotenoid glycosides from saffron (Crocus sativus). Indian J Chem 1975; 13: 339-341.
    • (1975) Indian J Chem , vol.13 , pp. 339-341
    • Dhingra, V.K.1
  • 44
    • 0002356461 scopus 로고
    • 13-cis-crocin: A new crocinoid of saffron
    • Speranza G, et al. 13-cis-crocin: a new crocinoid of saffron. Gazz Chim It 1984; 114: 189-192.
    • (1984) Gazz Chim It , vol.114 , pp. 189-192
    • Speranza, G.1
  • 47
    • 2942614520 scopus 로고
    • Purpura resulting from artificial abortion
    • Frank A,. Purpura resulting from artificial abortion. Deut Med Wochschr 1961; 86: 1618-1620.
    • (1961) Deut Med Wochschr , vol.86 , pp. 1618-1620
    • Frank, A.1
  • 48
    • 10444231865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Crocus sativus L. and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: A pilot double-blind randomized trial
    • Akhondzadeh S, et al. Comparison of Crocus sativus L. and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a pilot double-blind randomized trial. BMC Complement Altern Med 2004; 4: 12.
    • (2004) BMC Complement Altern Med , vol.4 , pp. 12
    • Akhondzadeh, S.1
  • 49
    • 33846820128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of petal of Crocus sativus L. and fluoxetine in the treatment of depressed outpatients: A pilot doubleblind randomized trial
    • Akhondzadeh Basti A, et al. Comparison of petal of Crocus sativus L. and fluoxetine in the treatment of depressed outpatients: a pilot doubleblind randomized trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007; 31: 439-442.
    • (2007) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.31 , pp. 439-442
    • Akhondzadeh Basti, A.1
  • 50
    • 77952016251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) stigma and its constituents, crocin and safranal, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice
    • Hosseinzadeh H, Jahanian Z,. Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) stigma and its constituents, crocin and safranal, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. Phytother Res 2010; 24: 726-730.
    • (2010) Phytother Res , vol.24 , pp. 726-730
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1    Jahanian, Z.2
  • 51
    • 79955621804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of crocin on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice
    • Imenshahidi M, et al. Effects of crocin on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice. Pharmacologyonline 2011; 1: 1007-1013.
    • (2011) Pharmacologyonline , vol.1 , pp. 1007-1013
    • Imenshahidi, M.1
  • 52
    • 84858005351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its active constituent, crocin, on recognition and spatial memory, after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats
    • Hosseinzadeh H, et al. Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its active constituent, crocin, on recognition and spatial memory, after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Phytother Res 2012; 26: 381-386.
    • (2012) Phytother Res , vol.26 , pp. 381-386
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1
  • 53
    • 67149128716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Crocus sativus aqueous extract and its constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice
    • Hosseinzadeh H, Noraei NB,. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Crocus sativus aqueous extract and its constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice. Phytother Res 2009; 23: 768-774.
    • (2009) Phytother Res , vol.23 , pp. 768-774
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1    Noraei, N.B.2
  • 54
    • 77956625933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A 16-week, a randomized and placebo controlled trial
    • Akhondzadeh S, et al. Saffron in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 16-week, a randomized and placebo controlled trial. J Clin Pharm and Ther 2010; 35: 581-585.
    • (2010) J Clin Pharm and Ther , vol.35 , pp. 581-585
    • Akhondzadeh, S.1
  • 55
    • 23944510393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection by crocetin in a hemi-Parkinsonian rat model
    • Ahmad AS, et al. Neuroprotection by crocetin in a hemi-Parkinsonian rat model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2005; 81: 805-813.
    • (2005) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.81 , pp. 805-813
    • Ahmad, A.S.1
  • 56
    • 81255167465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-hyperglycemic effetcs of saffron and its active constituents, crocin and safranalm in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
    • Kianbakht S, Hajiaghaee R,. Anti-hyperglycemic effetcs of saffron and its active constituents, crocin and safranalm in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Med Plants 2011; 10: 82-89.
    • (2011) J Med Plants , vol.10 , pp. 82-89
    • Kianbakht, S.1    Hajiaghaee, R.2
  • 57
    • 84879931492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of crocin on the insulin resistance and lipid profile of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Shirali S, et al. Effect of crocin on the insulin resistance and lipid profile of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res 2013; 27: 1042-1047.
    • (2013) Phytother Res , vol.27 , pp. 1042-1047
    • Shirali, S.1
  • 58
    • 84865335235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) increases glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in muscle cells via multipathway mechanisms
    • Kang C, et al. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) increases glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in muscle cells via multipathway mechanisms. Food Chem 2012; 135: 2350-2358.
    • (2012) Food Chem , vol.135 , pp. 2350-2358
    • Kang, C.1
  • 59
    • 20444445184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of crocin on experimental atherosclerosis in quails and its mechanisms
    • He S, et al. Effect of crocin on experimental atherosclerosis in quails and its mechanisms. Life Sci 2005; 77: 907-921.
    • (2005) Life Sci , vol.77 , pp. 907-921
    • He, S.1
  • 60
    • 84865250865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt/GSK-3b/eNOS phosphorylation arbitrates safranal-induced myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
    • Bharti S, et al. Akt/GSK-3b/eNOS phosphorylation arbitrates safranal-induced myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Nutr 2011; 51: 719-727.
    • (2011) Eur J Nutr , vol.51 , pp. 719-727
    • Bharti, S.1
  • 61
    • 85052639147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of saffron administration on atherosclerosis development in an experimental animal model
    • November 2-6, 2014, San Diego, USA
    • Christodoulou E, et al. (2014) The impact of saffron administration on atherosclerosis development in an experimental animal model. AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition, November 2-6, 2014, San Diego, USA.
    • (2014) AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition
    • Christodoulou, E.1
  • 62
    • 0025809643 scopus 로고
    • Antitumour activity of saffron (Crocus sativus)
    • Nair SC, et al. Antitumour activity of saffron (Crocus sativus). Cancer Lett 1991; 57: 109-114.
    • (1991) Cancer Lett , vol.57 , pp. 109-114
    • Nair, S.C.1
  • 63
    • 84872845613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron aqueous extract inhibits the chemically-induced gastric cancer progression in the Wistar albino rat
    • Bathaie SZ, et al. Saffron aqueous extract inhibits the chemically-induced gastric cancer progression in the Wistar albino rat. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2013b; 16: 27-38.
    • (2013) Iran J Basic Med Sci , vol.16 , pp. 27-38
    • Bathaie, S.Z.1
  • 64
    • 58849111842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) extract for healing of second-degree burn wound in rats
    • Khorasani G, et al. The effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) extract for healing of second-degree burn wound in rats. Keio J Med 2008; 57: 190-195.
    • (2008) Keio J Med , vol.57 , pp. 190-195
    • Khorasani, G.1
  • 65
    • 44649100242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of saffron, Crocus sativus stigma, extract and its constituents, safranal and crocin on sexual behaviors in normal male rats
    • Hosseinzadeh H, et al. The effect of saffron, Crocus sativus stigma, extract and its constituents, safranal and crocin on sexual behaviors in normal male rats. Phytomedicine 2008; 15: 491-495.
    • (2008) Phytomedicine , vol.15 , pp. 491-495
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1
  • 66
    • 39449108601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of safranal against hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity in rat
    • Boroushaki MT, et al. Protective effect of safranal against hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Iran J Med Sci 2007; 32: 173-176.
    • (2007) Iran J Med Sci , vol.32 , pp. 173-176
    • Boroushaki, M.T.1
  • 67
    • 82155197279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron (Crocus sativus) aqueous extract and its constituent crocin reduces stress-induced anorexia in mice
    • Halataei BS, et al. Saffron (Crocus sativus) aqueous extract and its constituent crocin reduces stress-induced anorexia in mice. Phytother Res 2011; 25: 1833-1838.
    • (2011) Phytother Res , vol.25 , pp. 1833-1838
    • Halataei, B.S.1
  • 68
    • 10444251371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of antidepressant effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus in mice
    • Karimi G, et al. Study of antidepressant effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus in mice. Iranian Basic Med Sci 2001; 4: 11-15.
    • (2001) Iranian Basic Med Sci , vol.4 , pp. 11-15
    • Karimi, G.1
  • 69
    • 27444432701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant effect of Crocus sativus L. Stigma extracts and their constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice
    • Hosseinzadeh H, et al. Antidepressant effect of Crocus sativus L. stigma extracts and their constituents, crocin and safranal, in mice. Acta Hort 2004; 650: 435-445.
    • (2004) Acta Hort , vol.650 , pp. 435-445
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1
  • 70
    • 77949490080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant properties of bioactive fractions from the extract of Crocus sativus L
    • Wang H, et al. Antidepressant properties of bioactive fractions from the extract of Crocus sativus L. J Nat Med 2010; 64: 24-30.
    • (2010) J Nat Med , vol.64 , pp. 24-30
    • Wang, H.1
  • 71
    • 56249137212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins, in an animal model of anxiety
    • Pitsikas N, et al. Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins, in an animal model of anxiety. Phytomedicine 2008; 15: 1135-1139.
    • (2008) Phytomedicine , vol.15 , pp. 1135-1139
    • Pitsikas, N.1
  • 72
    • 0028090631 scopus 로고
    • Crocin (crocetin di-gentiobiose ester) prevents the inhibitory effect of ethanol on long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in-vivo
    • Sugiura M, et al. Crocin (crocetin di-gentiobiose ester) prevents the inhibitory effect of ethanol on long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in-vivo. J Pharmacol Exper Ther 1994; 271: 703-707.
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exper Ther , vol.271 , pp. 703-707
    • Sugiura, M.1
  • 73
    • 0028909342 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol extract of Crocus sativus L. Antagonizes the inhibitory action of ethanol on hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo
    • Sugiura M, et al. Ethanol extract of Crocus sativus L. antagonizes the inhibitory action of ethanol on hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo. Phytother Res 1995; 9: 100-104.
    • (1995) Phytother Res , vol.9 , pp. 100-104
    • Sugiura, M.1
  • 74
    • 0033399114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron extract prevents acetaldehyde-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vivo
    • Abe K, et al. Saffron extract prevents acetaldehyde-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vivo. Brain Res 1999; 851: 287-289.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.851 , pp. 287-289
    • Abe, K.1
  • 75
    • 0034087334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long-term potentiation
    • Abe K, Saito H,. Effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long-term potentiation. Phytother Res 2000; 14: 149-152.
    • (2000) Phytother Res , vol.14 , pp. 149-152
    • Abe, K.1    Saito, H.2
  • 76
    • 10044219993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group
    • Ebadi M,. Pharmacodynamic Basis of Herbal Medicine, 2nd edn. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, 2007: 525-527.
    • (2007) Pharmacodynamic Basis of Herbal Medicine , pp. 525-527
    • Ebadi, M.1
  • 77
    • 33751305217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory activity on amyloid-β- aggregation and antioxidant properties of Crocus sativus stigmas extract and its crocin constituents
    • Papandreou MA, et al. Inhibitory activity on amyloid-β- aggregation and antioxidant properties of Crocus sativus stigmas extract and its crocin constituents. J Agric Food Chem 2006; 54: 8762-8768.
    • (2006) J Agric Food Chem , vol.54 , pp. 8762-8768
    • Papandreou, M.A.1
  • 79
    • 84875160569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity of crocin in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Rajaei Z, et al. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity of crocin in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. J Med Food 2013; 16: 1-5.
    • (2013) J Med Food , vol.16 , pp. 1-5
    • Rajaei, Z.1
  • 80
    • 29244478599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radical scavenging activity of Crocus sativus L. Extract and its bioactive constituents
    • Assimopoulou AN, et al. Radical scavenging activity of Crocus sativus L. extract and its bioactive constituents. Phytother Res 2005; 19: 997-1000.
    • (2005) Phytother Res , vol.19 , pp. 997-1000
    • Assimopoulou, A.N.1
  • 81
    • 67349161842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of structural features of DNA and RNA complexes with saffron compounds: Models and antioxidant activity
    • Kanakis CD, et al. An overview of structural features of DNA and RNA complexes with saffron compounds: models and antioxidant activity. J Phytochem Photobiol B 2009; 95: 204-212.
    • (2009) J Phytochem Photobiol B , vol.95 , pp. 204-212
    • Kanakis, C.D.1
  • 82
    • 33846856493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA interaction with saffron's secondary metabolites safranal, crocetin, and dimethylcrocetin
    • Kanakis CD, et al. DNA interaction with saffron's secondary metabolites safranal, crocetin, and dimethylcrocetin. DNA Cell Biol 2007a; 26: 63-70.
    • (2007) DNA Cell Biol , vol.26 , pp. 63-70
    • Kanakis, C.D.1
  • 83
    • 34250714871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of tRNA with safranal, crocetin and dimethylcrocetin
    • Kanakis CD, et al. Interaction of tRNA with safranal, crocetin and dimethylcrocetin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2007b; 24: 537-546.
    • (2007) J Biomol Struct Dyn , vol.24 , pp. 537-546
    • Kanakis, C.D.1
  • 84
    • 0005377589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant properties of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and study of the reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen
    • Pham TQ, et al. Antioxidant properties of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and study of the reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48: 1455-1461.
    • (2000) J Agric Food Chem , vol.48 , pp. 1455-1461
    • Pham, T.Q.1
  • 85
    • 0027184894 scopus 로고
    • Biological effects of saffron
    • Abduallev FI,. Biological effects of saffron. Biofactors 1993; 4: 83-86.
    • (1993) Biofactors , vol.4 , pp. 83-86
    • Abduallev, F.I.1
  • 86
    • 77952093874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of saffron extract and crocin on reactive oxygen species-mediated high glucose-induced toxicity in PC12 cels
    • Mousavi S, et al. Protective effect of saffron extract and crocin on reactive oxygen species-mediated high glucose-induced toxicity in PC12 cels. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010; 30: 185-191.
    • (2010) Cell Mol Neurobiol , vol.30 , pp. 185-191
    • Mousavi, S.1
  • 87
    • 65349160963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further examination of antiradical properties of Crocus sativus stigmas extract rich in crocins
    • Ordoudi SA, et al. Further examination of antiradical properties of Crocus sativus stigmas extract rich in crocins. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57: 3080-3086.
    • (2009) J Agric Food Chem , vol.57 , pp. 3080-3086
    • Ordoudi, S.A.1
  • 88
    • 33745843700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crocetin inhibits leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelial cells induced by AGEs
    • Min X, et al. Crocetin inhibits leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelial cells induced by AGEs. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 107: 25-31.
    • (2006) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.107 , pp. 25-31
    • Min, X.1
  • 89
    • 33845985320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased expression ratio of Bcl-2/bax is associated with crocin-mediated apoptosis in bovine aortic endothelial cells
    • Xu G, et al. Increased expression ratio of Bcl-2/bax is associated with crocin-mediated apoptosis in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 100: 31-35.
    • (2007) Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.100 , pp. 31-35
    • Xu, G.1
  • 90
    • 84890412330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioactivity assessment and toxicity of crocin: A comprehensive review
    • Alavizadeh SH, Hosseinzadeh H,. Bioactivity assessment and toxicity of crocin: a comprehensive review. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 64: 65-80.
    • (2014) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.64 , pp. 65-80
    • Alavizadeh, S.H.1    Hosseinzadeh, H.2
  • 92
    • 0027284386 scopus 로고
    • The effect of crocetin on hemorrhagic shock in rats
    • Gainer JL, et al. The effect of crocetin on hemorrhagic shock in rats. Circ Shock 1993; 41: 1-7.
    • (1993) Circ Shock , vol.41 , pp. 1-7
    • Gainer, J.L.1
  • 93
    • 2942701971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction in aortic rings and mesenteric beds isolated from deoxycorticosterone acetate hypertensive rats: Possible involvement of protein kinase C
    • Fatehi Hassanabad Z, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in aortic rings and mesenteric beds isolated from deoxycorticosterone acetate hypertensive rats: possible involvement of protein kinase C. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 494: 199-204.
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.494 , pp. 199-204
    • Fatehi Hassanabad, Z.1
  • 94
    • 27444442382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safranal, a constituent of Crocus sativus (saffron), attenuated cerebral ischemia induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus
    • Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghnia HR,. Safranal, a constituent of Crocus sativus (saffron), attenuated cerebral ischemia induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2005; 8: 394-399.
    • (2005) J Pharm Pharm Sci , vol.8 , pp. 394-399
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1    Sadeghnia, H.R.2
  • 95
    • 84872832475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safranal: From an aromatic natural product to a rewarding pharmacological agent
    • Rezaee R, Hosseinzadeh H,. Safranal: From an aromatic natural product to a rewarding pharmacological agent. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2013; 16: 12-26.
    • (2013) Iran J Basic Med Sci , vol.16 , pp. 12-26
    • Rezaee, R.1    Hosseinzadeh, H.2
  • 96
    • 0034633102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern of childhood cancer mortality in Mexico
    • Abdullaev FI, et al. Pattern of childhood cancer mortality in Mexico. Arch Med Res 2000; 31: 526-531.
    • (2000) Arch Med Res , vol.31 , pp. 526-531
    • Abdullaev, F.I.1
  • 97
    • 0034105343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cytotoxic effect of glucoconjugate extracted from corns of saffron plant (Crocus sativus) on human cell lines in culture
    • Escribano J, et al. The cytotoxic effect of glucoconjugate extracted from corns of saffron plant (Crocus sativus) on human cell lines in culture. Planta Med 2000; 66: 157-162.
    • (2000) Planta Med , vol.66 , pp. 157-162
    • Escribano, J.1
  • 98
    • 84907828121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safranal, a Crocus sativus constituent suppresses the growth of K-562 cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia. in silico and in vitro study
    • Geromichalos GD, et al. Safranal, a Crocus sativus constituent suppresses the growth of K-562 cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia. In silico and in vitro study. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74: 45-50.
    • (2014) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.74 , pp. 45-50
    • Geromichalos, G.D.1
  • 99
    • 0036377909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L
    • Abdullaev FI,. Cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2002; 227: 20-25.
    • (2002) Exp Biol Med (Maywood) , vol.227 , pp. 20-25
    • Abdullaev, F.I.1
  • 100
    • 77953536106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron suppresses oxidative stress in DMBA-induced skin carcinoma: A histopathological study
    • Das I, et al. Saffron suppresses oxidative stress in DMBA-induced skin carcinoma: a histopathological study. Acta Histochem 2010; 112: 317-327.
    • (2010) Acta Histochem , vol.112 , pp. 317-327
    • Das, I.1
  • 101
    • 16344389225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological properties of N-095, a drug containing red ginseng, polygala root, saffron, antelope horn and aloe wood
    • Inoue E, et al. Pharmacological properties of N-095, a drug containing red ginseng, polygala root, saffron, antelope horn and aloe wood. Am J Chin Med 2005; 33: 49-60.
    • (2005) Am J Chin Med , vol.33 , pp. 49-60
    • Inoue, E.1
  • 102
    • 79957762484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus Linn (saffron)
    • Bhargava BK,. Medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus Linn (saffron). Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011; 3: 22-26.
    • (2011) Int J Pharm Pharm Sci , vol.3 , pp. 22-26
    • Bhargava, B.K.1
  • 103
    • 85014478615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-tumor activity of safranal against neuroblastoma cells
    • Suppl S2
    • Shoshtari ME, et al. Anti-tumor activity of safranal against neuroblastoma cells. Phcog Mag 2014; 10, Suppl S2: 419-424.
    • (2014) Phcog Mag , vol.10 , pp. 419-424
    • Shoshtari, M.E.1
  • 104
    • 78650715139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest: A hallmark of apoptosis induced by crocin from Kashmiri saffron in a human pancreatic cancer cell line
    • Bakshi H, et al. DNA fragmentation and cell cycle arrest: a hallmark of apoptosis induced by crocin from Kashmiri saffron in a human pancreatic cancer cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2010; 11: 675-679.
    • (2010) Asian Pac J Cancer Prev , vol.11 , pp. 675-679
    • Bakshi, H.1
  • 105
    • 0028834324 scopus 로고
    • Saffron chemoprevention in biology and medicine: A review
    • Nair SC, et al. Saffron chemoprevention in biology and medicine: a review. Cancer Biother 1995; 10: 257-264.
    • (1995) Cancer Biother , vol.10 , pp. 257-264
    • Nair, S.C.1
  • 106
    • 0001541587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron in biological and medical research
    • Negbi M. ed. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers
    • Abduallev FI, Frenkel GD,. Saffron in biological and medical research. In:, Negbi M, ed. Saffron Crocus sativus L. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1999: 103-113.
    • (1999) Saffron Crocus Sativus L , pp. 103-113
    • Abduallev, F.I.1    Frenkel, G.D.2
  • 107
    • 0034053334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane associated antitumor effects of crocine-ginseniside- and cannabinoid derivates
    • Molnar J, et al. Membrane associated antitumor effects of crocine-ginseniside- and cannabinoid derivates. Anticancer Res 2000; 20 (2a): 861-867.
    • (2000) Anticancer Res , vol.20 , Issue.2 A , pp. 861-867
    • Molnar, J.1
  • 108
    • 0032449901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids and cancer: Prevention and potential therapy
    • Smith TAD,. Carotenoids and cancer: prevention and potential therapy. Br J Biomed Sci 1998; 55: 268-275.
    • (1998) Br J Biomed Sci , vol.55 , pp. 268-275
    • Smith, T.A.D.1
  • 109
    • 77958121951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective Th2 upregulation by Crocus sativus: A neutraceutical spice. Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    • : (Article ID 639862)
    • Bani S, et al. Selective Th2 upregulation by Crocus sativus: a neutraceutical spice. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011; 2011: 1-9 (Article ID 639862).
    • (2011) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2011 , pp. 1-9
    • Bani, S.1
  • 110
    • 84873396878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential effect of the extract of Crocus sativus and safranal on the toral and differential white blood cells of ovalbumine-sensitized Guinea pigs
    • Bayrami G, Boskabadi MH,. The potential effect of the extract of Crocus sativus and safranal on the toral and differential white blood cells of ovalbumine-sensitized guinea pigs. RPS 2012; 7: 249-255.
    • (2012) RPS , vol.7 , pp. 249-255
    • Bayrami, G.1    Boskabadi, M.H.2
  • 111
    • 84866739483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of saffron on fluoxetine-induced sexual impairment in men: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Modabbernia A, et al. Effect of saffron on fluoxetine-induced sexual impairment in men: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 223: 381-388.
    • (2012) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.223 , pp. 381-388
    • Modabbernia, A.1
  • 112
    • 84873099006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saffron for treatment of fluoxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in women: Randomized double-blind placebo controlled study
    • Kashani L, et al. Saffron for treatment of fluoxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in women: randomized double-blind placebo controlled study. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp 2013; 28: 54-60.
    • (2013) Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp , vol.28 , pp. 54-60
    • Kashani, L.1
  • 113
    • 67349105585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) on male erectile dysfunction: A pilot study
    • Shamsa A, et al. Evaluation of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) on male erectile dysfunction: a pilot study. Phytomedicine 2009; 16: 690-693.
    • (2009) Phytomedicine , vol.16 , pp. 690-693
    • Shamsa, A.1
  • 114
    • 77954818224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open label, randomized, fixeddose, crossover study comparing efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate and saffron (Crocus sativus) for treating erectile dysfunction in men naive to treatment
    • Safarinejad MR, et al. An open label, randomized, fixeddose, crossover study comparing efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate and saffron (Crocus sativus) for treating erectile dysfunction in men naive to treatment. Int J Impot Res 2010; 22: 240-250.
    • (2010) Int J Impot Res , vol.22 , pp. 240-250
    • Safarinejad, M.R.1
  • 115
    • 12744279391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus L. Stigma and petal in rats
    • Karimi G, et al. Evaluation of subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma and petal in rats. J Med Plants 2004; 3: 29-35.
    • (2004) J Med Plants , vol.3 , pp. 29-35
    • Karimi, G.1
  • 116
    • 84870404779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatoprotective potential of crocin and curcumin against iron overload-induced biochemical alterations in rat
    • El-Maraghy SA, et al. Hepatoprotective potential of crocin and curcumin against iron overload-induced biochemical alterations in rat. Afr J Biochem Res 2009; 3: 215-221.
    • (2009) Afr J Biochem Res , vol.3 , pp. 215-221
    • El-Maraghy, S.A.1
  • 117
    • 77957270539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and sub-acute toxicity of crocin, a constituent of Crocus sativus L. (saffron), in mice and rats
    • Hosseinzadeh H, et al. Acute and sub-acute toxicity of crocin, a constituent of Crocus sativus L. (saffron), in mice and rats. Pharmacologyonline. 2010; 2: 934-951.
    • (2010) Pharmacologyonline. , vol.2 , pp. 934-951
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1
  • 118
    • 84874692740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and subacute toxicity of safranal, a constituent of saffron, in mice and rats
    • Hosseinzadeh H, et al. Acute and subacute toxicity of safranal, a constituent of saffron, in mice and rats. Iran J Pharm Res 2013; 12: 93-99.
    • (2013) Iran J Pharm Res , vol.12 , pp. 93-99
    • Hosseinzadeh, H.1
  • 119
    • 56549100087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety evaluation of saffron (Crocus sativus) tablets in healthy volunteers
    • Modaghegh MH, et al. Safety evaluation of saffron (Crocus sativus) tablets in healthy volunteers. Phytomedicine 2008; 15: 1032-1037.
    • (2008) Phytomedicine , vol.15 , pp. 1032-1037
    • Modaghegh, M.H.1
  • 120
    • 84872834747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety evaluation of crocin (a constituent of saffron) tablets in healthy volunteers
    • Mohamadpour AH, et al. Safety evaluation of crocin (a constituent of saffron) tablets in healthy volunteers. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2013; 16: 39-46.
    • (2013) Iran J Basic Med Sci , vol.16 , pp. 39-46
    • Mohamadpour, A.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.