Amazon acai: Chemistry and biological activities: A review

Food Chemistry

Volumn 179, Issue , 2015, Pages 137-151

  Yamaguchi, Klenicy Kazumy De Lima ^a   Pereira, Luiz Felipe Ravazi ^a   Lamarão, Carlos Vitor ^a   Lima, Emerson Silva ^a   Da Veiga Junior, Valdir Florêncio ^a  

^a Amazonas Federal University   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Amazon; Euterpe genus; Pharmacological activities; Polyphenols

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANTS;

AMAZON; ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES; ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS; EUTERPE GENUS; PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; POLYPHENOLS;

COMMERCE;

EUTERPE OLERACEA EXTRACT; EUTERPE PRECATORIA EXTRACT; PLANT EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTIOXIDANT;

ACAI; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARECACEAE; BEVERAGE; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; BOTANY; CELL ASSAY; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; COMET ASSAY; COSMETIC INDUSTRY; COSMETOLOGY; DNA DAMAGE; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG STRUCTURE; EUTERPE; EUTERPE EDULIS; EUTERPE OLERACEA; EUTERPE PRECATORIA; FLOWER; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD INDUSTRY; FOOD INTAKE; FRUIT; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; GENOTOXICITY; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MARKETING; MEDICAL CARE; MICRONUCLEUS TEST; NONHUMAN; NUTRITION; PHARMACOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; PLANT LEAF; PLANT ROOT; PLANT STEM; REVIEW; SOUTH AMERICA; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; ANALYSIS;

EUTERPE;

ANTIOXIDANTS; ARECACEAE; BEVERAGES; FRUIT; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; PLANT EXTRACTS;

EID: 84922504050     PISSN: 03088146     EISSN: 18737072     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.055     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. D. Alexandre, and R.L. Cunha Conservação do açaí pela tecnologia de obstáculos Ciências e Tecnologia em Alimentos 24 1 2004 114 119
2. K. Balaswamy, P.P. Rao, A. Nagender, and A. Satyanarayana Preparation of sour grape (Vitis vinifera) beverages and evaluation of their storability Journal of Food Processing and Technology 2 2011 1000116
3. F.O. Bobbio, J.I. Druzian, P.A. Abrao, P.A. Bobbio, and S. Fadelli Identification and quantification of anthocyanins from the acai fruit (Euterpe oleracea) Mart Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos 20 2000 388 390
4. A.H. Boghani, A. Raheem, and S.I. Hashmi Development and storage studies of blended papaya-aloe vera ready to serve (RTS) beverage Journal of Food Processing and Technology 3 2012 1000185
5. G. Bourdy, S.J. Dewalt, L.R.C. Michel, A. Roca, E. Deharo, and V. Muñoz Medicinal plants uses of the Tacana, an Amazonian Bolivian ethnic group Journal of Ethnopharmacology 70 2000 87 109
6. Bovi, M. L. A., & Castro, A. Assaí. In: Clay, J.W. & Clement, C.R. (Eds.) (1993). Selected species and strategies to enhance income generation from amazonian forests. Roma: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 58-67.
7. M.B. Brian Ethnobotany of the Chacobo Indians and their Palms. Advanced in economic botany 1998 The New York Botanic Garden New York
8. G.A.B. Canuto, A.A.O. Xavier, L.C. Neves, and M.T. Benassi Physical and chemical characterization of fruit pulps from Amazonia and their correlation to free radical scavenger activity Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 32 2010 1196 1205
9. A.P.G. Carneiro, L.M.R. Silva, R.W. Figueiredo, P.H.M. Sousa, and G.A. Maia Efeito da Temperatura no Comportamento Reológico de Pó de Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) Reconstituído UNOPAR Científica Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde 14 2012 241 245
10. Y.W. Chin, H.B. Chai, W.J. Keller, and A.D. Kinghorn Lignans and other constituents of the fruits of Euterpe oleraceae (acai) with antioxidant and cytoprotective activities Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 2008 7759 7764
11. W.S. Choi, S.E. Lee, H.S. Lee, Y.H. Lee, and B.S. Park Antioxidative activities of methanol extracts of tropical and oriental medicinal plants Han'guk Nonghwa Hakhoechi 41 1998 556 559
12. A. Clewell, I. Qureshi, J. Endres, J. Horváth, I. Financsek, and J. Neal-Kababick Toxicological evaluation of a dietary supplement formulated for male sexual health prior to market release Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 57 2010 55 61
13. CONAB - COMPANHIA NACIONAL DE ABASTECIMENTO. Política de garantia de preços mínimos. Disponível em: < http://www.conab.gov.br >. Acesso em: May 4th, 2014.
14. Constant, P. B. L. (2003). Extração, caracterização e aplicação de antocianinas de açaí (Euterpe oleracea, M.). Doctor Scientiae em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG. 183p.
15. T. Córdova-Fraga, D.B. de Araujo, T.A. Sanchez, J. Elias Jr., A.A. Carneiro, and R. Brandt-Oliveira Euterpe oleracea (Açaí) as an alternative oral contrast agent in MRI of the gastrointestinal system: Preliminary results Magnetic resonance imaging 22 2004 389 393
16. A.G.V. Costa, D.F. Garcia-Diaz, P. Jimenez, and P.I. Silva Bioactive compounds and health benefits of exotic tropical red-black berries Journal of Functional Foods 5 2013 539 549
17. P.A. Costa, C.A. Ballus, J. Teixeira, and H.T. Godoy Phytosterols and tocopherols content of pulps and nuts of Brazilian fruits Food Research International 43 2010 1603 1606
18. S.J. Crozier, A.G. Preston, J.W. Hurst, M.J. Payne, J. Mann, and L. Hainly Cacao seeds are a "Super Fruit": A comparative analysis of various fruit powders and products Chemistry Central Journal 5 2011 10.1186/1752-153X-5-5
19. S. Darnet, J.L. Serra, A.M.C. Rodrigues, and L.H.M. Silva A high-performance liquid chromatography method to measure tocopherols in assai pulp (Euterpe oleracea) Food Research International 44 2011 2107 2111
20. E. Deharo, R. Baelmans, A. Gimenez, C. Quenevo, and G. Bourdy In vitro immunomodulatory activity of plants used by the Tacana ethnic group in Bolivia Phytomedicine 11 2004 516 522
21. D. Del Pozo-Insfran, C.H. Brenes, and S.T. Talcott Phytochemical Composition and Pigment Stability of Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52 6 2004 1539 1545
22. D. Del Pozo-Insfran, S.S. Percival, and S.T. Talcott Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) polyphenolics in their glycoside and aglycone forms induce apoptosis of HL-60 leukemia cells Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54 2006 1222 1229
23. C. Desmarchelier, M. Repetto, J. Coussio, S. Llesuy, and G. Ciccia Total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) of medicinal plants used in Southwest Amazonia (Bolivia and Peru) International Journal of Pharmacognosy 35 4 1997 288 296
24. A.L.S. Dias, E. Rozet, G. Chataigné, A.C. Oliveira, C.A.S. Rabelo, and P. Hubert A rapid validated UHPLC-PDA method for anthocyanins quantification from Euterpe oleracea fruits Journal of Chromatography B 907 2012 108 116
25. H.A.S. Favacho, B.R. Oliveira, K.C. Santos, B.J.L. Medeiros, P.J.C. Sousa, and F.F. Perazzo Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Euterpe oleracea Mart., Arecaceae, oil Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 21 2010 105 114
26. C.A. Feio, M.C. Izar, S.S. Ihara, S.H. Kasmas, C.M. Martins, and M.N. Feio Euterpe oleracea (açai) modifies sterol metabolism and attenuates experimentally-induced atherosclerosis Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 19 3 2012 237 245
27. M.F. Fragoso, M.G. Prado, L. Barbosa, N.S. Rocha, and L.F. Barbisan Inhibition of mouse urinary bladder carcinogenesis by açai fruit (Euterpe oleracea Martius) intake Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 67 2012 235 241
28. M.F. Fragoso, R.G. Romualdo, D.A. Ribeiro, and L.F. Barbisan Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) feeding attenuates dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis Food and Chemical Toxicology 58 2013 68 76
29. A.P. Frasson, and C.M. Canssi Análise da qualidade de cremes com hidroquinona 2% manipulados no município de Ijuí/RS Revista de Ciências Farmacêuticas Básica e Aplicada 29 2008 197 201
30. S. Gallori, A.R. Bilia, M.C. Bergonzi, W.L.R. Barbosa, and F.F. Vincieri Polyphenolic constituents of fruit pulp of Euterpe oleraceae Mart. (acai palm) Chromatographia 59 2004 739 743
31. A.L.Q.A. Galotta, and M.A.D. Boaventura Chemical constituents from roots and leaf stalks of açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart., Arecaceae) Química Nova 28 4 2005 610 613
32. A.L.Q.A. Galotta, M.A.D. Boaventura, and L.A.R.S. Lima Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of 'açaí' (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) Química Nova 31 6 2008 1427 1430
33. A. Gordon, A.P.G. Cruz, L.M.C. Cabral, S.C. De Freitas, C.M.A. Dib Taxi, and C.M. Donangelo Chemical characterisation and evaluation of antioxidant properties of Açai fruits (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) during ripening Food Chemistry 133 2012 256 263
34. A.C.M.S. Gouvêa, M.C.P. Araujo, D.F. Schulz, S. Pacheco, R.L.O. Godoy, and L.M.C. Cabral Anthocyanins standards (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyaniding-3-O-rutinoside) isolation from freeze-dried açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) by HPLC Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos 32 2012 43 46
35. N.M.A. Hassimotto, M.I. Genovese, and F.M. Lajolo Antioxidant activity of dietary fruits, vegetables, and commercial frozen fruit pulps Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53 2005 2928 2935
36. M. Heinrich, T. Dhanji, and I. Casselman Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) - A phytochemical and pharmacological assessment of the species health claims Phytochemistry Letters 4 2011 10 21
37. A. Henderson The Palms of the Amazon 1995 Oxford University Press New York
38. Herculano, F. E. B. (2013) Produção industrial de cosméticos: o protagonismo da biodiversidade vegetal da Amazônia. Tese. UFAM, 146p.
39. S. Hogan, H. Chung, L. Zhang, J. Li, Y. Lee, and Y. Dai Antiproliferative and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich extract from açai Food Chemistry 118 2010 208 214
40. A.K. Homma, C. Maia, and L. Nicoli Açaí: novos desafios e tendências Amazônia: Ciência & Desenvolvimento 1 2006 7 23
41. IBGE - INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA. Contas Regionais do Brasil 2008. Disponível em: < http://www.ibge.gov.br >. Acesso em: 26 junho. 2014.
42. M.R.C. Inácio, S.M.G. Lima, V.G. Lopes, J.D. Pessoa, and G.H.T. Teixeira Total anthocyanin content determination in intact acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and palomitero-jucara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) fruit using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and multivariate calibration Food Chemistry 136 2013 1160 1164
43. G.S. Jensen, X. Wu, K.M. Patterson, J. Barnes, S.G. Carter, and L. Scherwitz In vitro and in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of an antioxidant-rich fruit and berry juice blend. Results of a pilot and randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 18 2008 8326 8333
44. J.F. Jensen, L.P. Kvist, and S.B. Christensen An antiplasmodial lignan from Euterpe precatoria Journal of Natural Product 65 2002 1915 1917
45. J. Kang, Z. Li, T. Wu, G.S. Jensen, A.G. Schauss, and X. Wu Anti-oxidant capacities of flavonoid compounds isolated from acai pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Food Chemistry 122 2010 610 617
46. J. Kang, K.M. Thakali, C. Xie, M. Kondo, Y. Tong, and B. Ou Bioactivities of açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) fruit pulp, superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to Euterpe oleracea Mart Food Chemistry 133 2012 671 677
47. J. Kang, C. Xie, Z. Li, S. Nagarajan, A.G. Schauss, and T. Wu Flavonoids from acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities Food Chemistry 128 1 2011 152 157
48. E.M. Kuskoski, A.G. Asuero, M.T. Morales, and R. Fett Frutos tropicais silvestres e polpas de frutas congeladas: atividade antioxidante, polifenóis e antocianinas Ciência Rural 36 2006 1283 1287
49. R. Lichtenthaler, R.B. Rodrigues, J.G.S. Maia, M. Papgiannopoulos, H. Fabricius, and F. Marx Total oxidant scavenging capacity of the Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Açaí) fruits International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 56 1 2005 56 64
50. F.E.L. Lima, T.N. Menezes, M.P. Tavares, S.C. Szarfac, and R.M. Fisberg Fatty acids and cardiovascular diseases: a review Revista de Nutrição 13 2000 73 80
51. I.S.B. Mantovani, S.B.O. Fernandes, and F.S. Menezes Constituintes apolares do fruto do açaí (Euterpe oleracea M. - Arecaceae) Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 13 2003 41 42
52. B.G. Marinho, S.A. Herdy, A.C. Sá, G.B. Santos, M.E. Matheus, and F.S. Menezes Atividade antinociceptiva de extratos de açaí (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.) Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 12 2002 52 53
53. M.E. Matheus, S.B.d.O. Fernandes, C.S. Silveira, V.P. Rodrigues, F.d.S. Menezes, and P.D. Fernandes Inhibitory effects of Euterpe oleracea Mart. on nitric oxide production and iNOS expression Journal of Ethnopharmacology 107 2006 291 296
54. M.E. Matheus, I.S.B. Mantovani, G.B. Santos, S.B.O. Fernandes, F.S. Menezes, and P.D. Fernandes Ação de extratos de açaí (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.) sobre a produção de óxido nítrico em células RAW 264.7 Revista Brassileira de Farmacognosia 13 2003 3 5
55. E.M.S. Menezes, A. Rosenthal, A. Sabaa-Srur, L. Carmargo, V. Calado, and A. Santos High hydrostatic pressure effect on enzyme activity of açaí pulp Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos 28 2008 14 19
56. E. Menezes, R. Deliza, H.L. Chan, and J.X. Guinard Preferences and attitudes towards açaí-based products among North American consumers Food Research International 44 2011 1997 2008
57. S.U. Mertens-Talcott, J. Rios, P. Jilma-Stohlawetz, L.A. Pacheco-Palencia, B. Meibohm, and S.T. Talcott Pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and antioxidant effects after the consumption of anthocyanin-rich acai juice and pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in human healthy volunteers Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 2008 7796 7802
58. R.S. Moura, T.S. Ferreira, A.A. Lopes, K.M.P. Pires, R.T. Nesi, and A.C. Resende Effects of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) extract in acute lung inflammation induced by cigarette smoke in the mouse Phytomedicine 19 2012 262 269
59. R.S. Moura, K.M.P. Pires, T.S. Ferreira, A.A. Lopes, R.T. Nesi, and A.C. Resende Addition of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) to cigarettes has a protective effect against emphysema in mice Food and Chemical Toxicology 49 2011 855 863
60. V. Mulabagal, and A.I. Calderón Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry based fingerprinting analysis and mass profiling of Euterpe oleracea (açaí) dietary supplement raw materials Food Chemistry 134 2012 1156 1164
61. N. Muñiz-Miret, R. Vamos, M. Hiraoka, F. Montagnini, and R.O. Mendelsohn The economic value of managing the acai palm (Euterpe oleracea mart.) in the floodplains of the Amazon estuary, Para, Brazil Forest Ecology and Management 87 1996 163 173
62. R.J.S. Nascimento, S. Couril, R. Antoniassi, and S.P. Freitas Composição em ácidos graxos do óleo da polpa de açaí extraído com enzimas e com hexano Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 30 2008 498 502
63. Nogueira, O. L., Figueirêdo, F. J. C. & Muller, A. A. (2005) Açaí. (1th ed.). Belém: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental.
64. G. Odonne, F. Berger, D. Stien, P. Grenand, and G. Bourdy Treatment of leishmaniasis in the Oyapock basin (French Guiana): A K.A.P. survey and analysis of the evolutionary of phytotherapy knowledge amongst Wayãpi Indians Journal of Ethnopharmacology 137 2011 1228 1239
65. L.A. Pacheco-Palencia, C.E. Duncan, and S.T. Talcott Phytochemical composition and thermal stability of two commercial acai species, Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria Food Chemistry 115 2009 1199 1205
66. L. Pacheco-Palencia, P. Hawken, and S. Talcott Juice matrix composition and ascorbic acid fortification effects on the phytochemical, antioxidant, and pigment stability of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Food Chemistry 105 2007 28 35
67. L. Pacheco-Palencia, P. Hawken, and S. Talcott Phytochemical, antioxidant and pigment stability of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) as affected by clarification, ascorbic acid fortification and storage Food Research International 40 2007 620 628
68. L.A. Pacheco-Palencia, and S.T. Talcott Chemical stability of açai fruit (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) anthocyanins as influenced by naturally occurring and externally added polyphenolic cofactors in model systems Food Chemistry 118 2010 17 25
69. L.A. Pacheco-Palencia, S. Mertens-Talcott, and S.T. Talcott Chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and thermal stability of a phytochemical enriched oil from Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 2008 4631 4636
70. Pagliarussi, M., S. A. cadeia produtiva agroindustrial do açaí: estudo da cadeia e proposta de um modelo matemático. 65f. TCC, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 2010.
71. D.R. Pompeu, E.M. Silva, and H. Rogez Optimisation of the solvent extraction of phenolic antioxidants from fruits of Euterpe oleracea using response surface methodology Bioresource Technology 100 2009 6076 6082
72. S.M. Poulose, D.R. Fisher, J. Larson, D.F. Bielinski, A.M. Rimando, and A.N. Carey Anthocyanin-rich acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit pulp fractions attenuate inflammatory stress signaling in mouse brain BV-2 microglial cells Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 60 2012 1084 1093
73. J.A.L. Queiroz, and N.J. Melém Junior Efeito do tamanho do recipiente sobre o desenvolvimento de mudas do açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 23 2001 460 462
74. J.C. Ribeiro, L.M. Antunes, A.F. Aissa, J.D. Darin, V.V. De Rosso, and A.Z. Mercadante Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects after acute and subacute treatments with acai pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) on mice using the erythrocytes micronucleus test and the comet assay Mutation Research 695 2010 22 28
75. A.P. Rocha, L.C. Carvalho, M.A. Sousa, S.V. Madeira, P.J. Sousa, and T. Tano Endothelium-dependent vasodilator effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (acai) extracts in mesenteric vascular bed of the rat Vascular Pharmacology 46 2007 97 104
76. R.B. Rodrigues, R. Lichtenthaler, B.F. Zimmerman, M. Papgiannopoulos, H. Fabricius, and F. Marx Total oxidant scavenging capacity of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Acai) seeds and identification of their polyphenolic compounds Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54 2006 4162 4167
77. H. Rogez Açaí: preparo, composição e melhoramento da conservação 1th ed. 2000 UFPA Belém
78. H. Rogez, D.R. Pompeu, S.N.T. Akwie, and Y. Larondelle Sigmoidal kinetics of anthocyanin accumulation during fruit ripening: A comparison between açai fruits (Euterpe oleracea) and other anthocyanin-rich fruits Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 24 2011 796 800
79. B.A. Rojano, I.C.Z. Vahos, A.F.A. Arbeláez, A.J.M. Martínez, F.B.C. Correa, and L.G. Carvajal Polifenoles y Actividad Antioxidante del Fruto Liofilizado de Palma Naidi (Açaí Colombiano) (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 64 2011 6213 6220
80. V.V. Rosso, S. Hillbrand, E.C. Montilla, F.O. Bobbio, P. Winterhalter, and A.Z. Mercadante Determination of anthocyanins from acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) and açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 21 2008 291 299
81. M.S.M. Rufino, R.E. Alves, F.A.N. Fernandes, and E.S. Brito Free radical scavenging behavior of ten exotic tropical fruits extracts Food Research International 44 2011 2072 2075
82. M.S.M. Rufino, R.E. Alves, E.S. Brito, J. Pérez-Jiménez, F. Saura-Calixto, and J. Mancini-Filho Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities of 18 non-traditional tropical fruits from Brazil Food Chemistry 121 2010 996 1002
83. L. Ruiz, M. MacO, M. Cobos, A.L. Gutierrez-Choquevilca, and V. Roumy Plants used by native Amazonian groups from the Nanay River (Peru) for the treatment of malária Journal of Ethnopharmacology 133 2011 917 921
84. S. Sabbe, W. Verbeke, R. Deliza, V. Matta, and P. Van Damme Effect of a health claim and personal characteristics on consumer acceptance of fruit juices with different concentrations of acai (Euterpe oleracea mart) Appetite 53 2009 84 92
85. V.S. Santos, V. Nardini, L.C. Cunha Jr., F. Barbosa Jr., and G.H.A. Teixeira Identification of species of the Euterpe genus by rare earth elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and linear discriminant analysis Food Chemistry 153 2014 334 339
86. A.G. Schauss Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.): A macro and nutrient rich palm fruit from the Amazon rain forest with demonstrated bioactivities in vitro and in vivo D.R. Watson, V.R. Preedy, Bioactive foods promotion health 2010 Academic Press Oxford 479 490
87. A.G. Schauss, X. Wu, R.L. Prior, B. Ou, D. Patel, and D. Huang Phytochemical and nutrient composition of the freeze-dried amazonian palm berry, Euterpe oleraceae Mart. (acai) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54 2006 8598 8603
88. A.G. Schauss, X. Wu, R.L. Prior, B. Ou, D. Huang, and J. Owens Antioxidant capacity and other bioactivities of the freeze-dried Amazonian palm berry, Euterpe oleracea Mart. (acai) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54 2006 8604 8610
89. J.A.P. Silva, and F.F.C. Tavares Estudo da aplicação de sementes de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) para produção de carvão ativado Revista de Ciências da Amazônia 1 2013 55 66
90. J.J.M. Silva, and H. Rógez Avaliação da estabilidade oxidativa do óleo bruto de açaí (Euterpe oleracea) na presença de compostos fenólicos puros ou de extratos vegetais amazônicos Química Nova 36 2013 400 406
91. J.A. Silva, E. Munaro, and L.R. Pereira Produtos florestais não madeireiros: Açaí 2002 Ibama/CNPT Brasília
92. M.O. Souza, L.S. Silva, C.L.B. Magalhães, B.B. Figueiredo, D.C. Costa, and M.E. Silva The hypocholesterolemic activity of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is mediated by the enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G transporters 5 and 8 low-density lipoprotein receptor genes in rat Nutrition Research 32 2012 976 984
93. M.O. Souza, M. Silva, M.E. Silva, R.P. Oliveira, and M.L. Pedrosa Diet supplementation with açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp improves biomarkers of oxidative stress and the serum lipid profile in rats Nutrition 26 2010 804 810
94. P.D. Spada, C. Dani, G.V. Bortolini, C. Funchal, J.A. Henriques, and M. Salvador Frozen fruit pulp of Euterpe oleraceae Mart. (acai) prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced damage in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus of rats Journal of Medicinal Food 12 2009 1084 1088
95. X. Sun, J. Seeberger, T. Alberico, C. Wang, C.T. Wheeler, and A.G. Schauss Açaí palm fruit (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp improves survival of flies on high fat diet Experimental Gerontology 45 2010 243 251
96. R.V. Tonon, D. Alexandre, M.D. Hubinger, and R.L. Cunha Steady and dynamic shear rheological properties of açai pulp (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.) Journal of Food Engineering 92 2009 425 431
97. S. Vandresen, M.G.N. Quadri, J.A.R. Souza, and D. Hotza Temperature effect on the rheological behavior of carrot juices Journal of Food Engineering 92 2009 269 274
98. M. Vigneron, X. Deparis, E. Deharo, and G. Bourdy Antimalarial remedies in French Guiana: A knowledge attitudes and practices study Journal of Ethnopharmacology 98 2005 351 360
99. C. Xie, J. Kang, R. Burris, M.E. Ferguson, A.G. Schauss, and S. Nagarajan Açaí juice attenuates atherosclerosis in ApoE deficient mice through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities Atherosclerosis 216 2011 327 333
100. C. Xie, J. Kang, Z. Li, A.G. Schauss, T.M. Badger, and S. Nagarajan The açaí flavonoid velutin is a potent anti-inflammatory agent: Blockade of LPS-mediated TNF-αand IL-6 production through inhibiting NF-κB activation and MAPK pathway Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry 23 2012 1184 1191
101. K.A. Youdim, A. Martin, and J.A. Joseph Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress Free Radical Biology & Medicine 29 1 2000 51 60
102. L.K.O. Yuyama, J.P.L. Aguiar, D.F.S. Filho, K. Yuyama, M.J. Varejão, and D.I.T. Fávaro Physicochemical characterization of acai juice of Euterpe precatoria Mart. from different Amazonian ecosystems Acta Amazônica 41 2011 545 552
103. L.K.O. Yuyama, J.P.L. Aguiar, D.F.S. Silva Filho, K. Yuyama, M.J. Varejão, and D.I.T. Favaro Caracterização físico-química do suco de açaí de Euterpe precatoria Mart. oriundo de diferentes ecossistemas amazônicos Acta Amazônica 41 2012 545 552