메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 126, Issue , 2014, Pages 68-76

Approaches for detecting lysosomal alkalinization and impaired degradation in fresh and cultured RPE cells: Evidence for a role in retinal degenerations

Author keywords

Aging; Alzheimer's disease; Autophagy; Cathepsin D; Lipofuscin; Lysosome; Retinal pigmented epithelium

Indexed keywords

CATHEPSIN D; CHLOROQUINE; LYSOSOME ENZYME; PRESENILIN 1;

EID: 84906516250     PISSN: 00144835     EISSN: 10960007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.05.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (68)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0033551150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tamoxifen inhibits acidification in cells independent of the estrogen receptor
    • Altan N., Chen Y., Schindler M., Simon S.M. Tamoxifen inhibits acidification in cells independent of the estrogen receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1999, 96:4432-4437.
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.96 , pp. 4432-4437
    • Altan, N.1    Chen, Y.2    Schindler, M.3    Simon, S.M.4
  • 2
    • 0027954965 scopus 로고
    • Purification, characterization and molecular cloning of human hepatic lysosomal acid lipase
    • Ameis D., Merkel M., Eckerskorn C., Greten H. Purification, characterization and molecular cloning of human hepatic lysosomal acid lipase. Eur. J. Biochem. 1994, 219:905-914.
    • (1994) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.219 , pp. 905-914
    • Ameis, D.1    Merkel, M.2    Eckerskorn, C.3    Greten, H.4
  • 3
    • 84879540747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A2E induces IL-1β production in retinal pigment epithelial cells via the NLRP3 inflammasome
    • Anderson O.A., Finkelstein A., Shima D.T. A2E induces IL-1β production in retinal pigment epithelial cells via the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One 2013, 8:e67263.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Anderson, O.A.1    Finkelstein, A.2    Shima, D.T.3
  • 5
    • 84872351818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 ameliorates beta-amyloid pathology and restores lysosomal acidification and mammalian target of rapamycin activity in the Alzheimer disease mouse model: invivo and invitro studies
    • Avrahami L., Farfara D., Shaham-Kol M., Vassar R., Frenkel D., Eldar-Finkelman H. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 ameliorates beta-amyloid pathology and restores lysosomal acidification and mammalian target of rapamycin activity in the Alzheimer disease mouse model: invivo and invitro studies. J.Biol. Chem. 2013, 288:1295-1306.
    • (2013) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.288 , pp. 1295-1306
    • Avrahami, L.1    Farfara, D.2    Shaham-Kol, M.3    Vassar, R.4    Frenkel, D.5    Eldar-Finkelman, H.6
  • 6
    • 0030866081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homotypic fusion between aggregated lysosomes triggered by elevated [Ca2+](i) in fibroblasts
    • Bakker A.C., Webster P., Jacob W.A., Andrews N.W. Homotypic fusion between aggregated lysosomes triggered by elevated [Ca2+](i) in fibroblasts. J.Cell Sci. 1997, 110:2227-2238.
    • (1997) J.Cell Sci. , vol.110 , pp. 2227-2238
    • Bakker, A.C.1    Webster, P.2    Jacob, W.A.3    Andrews, N.W.4
  • 10
    • 2442648066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the ATP-driven proton pump in RPE lysosomes by the major lipofuscin fluorophore A2-E may contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
    • Bergmann M., Schutt F., Holz F.G., Kopitz J. Inhibition of the ATP-driven proton pump in RPE lysosomes by the major lipofuscin fluorophore A2-E may contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. FASEB J. 2004, 18:562-564.
    • (2004) FASEB J. , vol.18 , pp. 562-564
    • Bergmann, M.1    Schutt, F.2    Holz, F.G.3    Kopitz, J.4
  • 11
    • 0034781330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does A2E, a retinoid component of lipofuscin and inhibitor of lysosomal degradative functions, directly affect the activity of lysosomal hydrolases?
    • Bermann M., Schutt F., Holz F.G., Kopitz J. Does A2E, a retinoid component of lipofuscin and inhibitor of lysosomal degradative functions, directly affect the activity of lysosomal hydrolases?. Exp. Eye Res. 2001, 72:191-195.
    • (2001) Exp. Eye Res. , vol.72 , pp. 191-195
    • Bermann, M.1    Schutt, F.2    Holz, F.G.3    Kopitz, J.4
  • 14
    • 0033955920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the cathepsin D using a BODIPY EL-pepstatin A: applications in fluorescence polarization and microscopy
    • Chen C.S., Chen W.N.U., Zhou M.J., Arttamangkul S., Haugland R.P. Probing the cathepsin D using a BODIPY EL-pepstatin A: applications in fluorescence polarization and microscopy. J.Biochem. Biophys. Methods 2000, 42:137-151.
    • (2000) J.Biochem. Biophys. Methods , vol.42 , pp. 137-151
    • Chen, C.S.1    Chen, W.N.U.2    Zhou, M.J.3    Arttamangkul, S.4    Haugland, R.P.5
  • 15
    • 80052875313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloroquine treatment of ARPE-19 cells leads to lysosome dilation and intracellular lipid accumulation: possible implications of lysosomal dysfunction in macular degeneration
    • Chen P.M., Gombart Z.J., Chen J.W. Chloroquine treatment of ARPE-19 cells leads to lysosome dilation and intracellular lipid accumulation: possible implications of lysosomal dysfunction in macular degeneration. Cell Biosci. 2011, 1:10.
    • (2011) Cell Biosci. , vol.1 , pp. 10
    • Chen, P.M.1    Gombart, Z.J.2    Chen, J.W.3
  • 16
    • 0033603586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amechanism for tamoxifen-mediated inhibition of acidification
    • Chen Y., Schindler M., Simon S.M. Amechanism for tamoxifen-mediated inhibition of acidification. J.Biol. Chem. 1999, 274:18364-18373.
    • (1999) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 18364-18373
    • Chen, Y.1    Schindler, M.2    Simon, S.M.3
  • 17
    • 84890909950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of TRPML1 promotes production of reactive oxygen species: is oxidative damage a factor in mucolipidosis type IV?
    • Coblentz J., St Croix C., Kiselyov K. Loss of TRPML1 promotes production of reactive oxygen species: is oxidative damage a factor in mucolipidosis type IV?. Biochem. J. 2014, 457:361-368.
    • (2014) Biochem. J. , vol.457 , pp. 361-368
    • Coblentz, J.1    St Croix, C.2    Kiselyov, K.3
  • 18
    • 84896730305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lysosomal alkalization and dysfunctional autophagy in fibroblasts with the Alzheimer's disease-linked presenilin 1 A246E mutation can be reversed with cAMP
    • Coffey E.E., Beckel J.M., Laties A.M., Mitchell C.H. Lysosomal alkalization and dysfunctional autophagy in fibroblasts with the Alzheimer's disease-linked presenilin 1 A246E mutation can be reversed with cAMP. Neuroscience 2014, 263:111-124.
    • (2014) Neuroscience , vol.263 , pp. 111-124
    • Coffey, E.E.1    Beckel, J.M.2    Laties, A.M.3    Mitchell, C.H.4
  • 21
    • 0023183681 scopus 로고
    • Lysosomal enzyme cytochemistry of human RPE, Bruch's membrane and drusen
    • Feeney-Burns L., Gao C.L., Tidwell M. Lysosomal enzyme cytochemistry of human RPE, Bruch's membrane and drusen. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 1987, 28:1138-1147.
    • (1987) Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 1138-1147
    • Feeney-Burns, L.1    Gao, C.L.2    Tidwell, M.3
  • 22
    • 84901483517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy in the eye: significance for ocular cell health
    • Frost L.S., Mitchell C.H., Boesze-Battaglia K. Autophagy in the eye: significance for ocular cell health. Exp. Eye Res. 2014, 124:56-66.
    • (2014) Exp. Eye Res. , vol.124 , pp. 56-66
    • Frost, L.S.1    Mitchell, C.H.2    Boesze-Battaglia, K.3
  • 23
    • 0021366404 scopus 로고
    • Fluorescein conjugates as indicators of subcellular pH - a critical-evaluation
    • Geisow M.J. Fluorescein conjugates as indicators of subcellular pH - a critical-evaluation. Exp. Cell Res. 1984, 150:29-35.
    • (1984) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.150 , pp. 29-35
    • Geisow, M.J.1
  • 24
    • 0000690731 scopus 로고
    • Chloroquine diphosphate in treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus
    • Goldman L., Cole D.P., Preston R.H. Chloroquine diphosphate in treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus. J.Am. Med. Assoc. 1953, 152:1428-1429.
    • (1953) J.Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.152 , pp. 1428-1429
    • Goldman, L.1    Cole, D.P.2    Preston, R.H.3
  • 26
    • 84864131118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the D5 dopamine receptor acidifies the lysosomal pH of retinal pigmented epithelial cells and decreases accumulation of autofluorescent photoreceptor debris
    • Guha S., Baltazar G.C., Tu L.A., Liu J., Lim J.C., Lu W., Argall A., Boesze-Battaglia K., Laties A.M., Mitchell C.H. Stimulation of the D5 dopamine receptor acidifies the lysosomal pH of retinal pigmented epithelial cells and decreases accumulation of autofluorescent photoreceptor debris. J.Neurochem. 2012, 122:823-833.
    • (2012) J.Neurochem. , vol.122 , pp. 823-833
    • Guha, S.1    Baltazar, G.C.2    Tu, L.A.3    Liu, J.4    Lim, J.C.5    Lu, W.6    Argall, A.7    Boesze-Battaglia, K.8    Laties, A.M.9    Mitchell, C.H.10
  • 27
    • 84904807416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rescue of compromised lysosomes enhances degradation of photoreceptor outer segments and reduce lipofuscin-like autofluorescence
    • Guha S., Liu J., Baltazar G.C., Laties A.M., Mitchell C.H. Rescue of compromised lysosomes enhances degradation of photoreceptor outer segments and reduce lipofuscin-like autofluorescence. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2014, 801:105-111.
    • (2014) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. , vol.801 , pp. 105-111
    • Guha, S.1    Liu, J.2    Baltazar, G.C.3    Laties, A.M.4    Mitchell, C.H.5
  • 28
    • 0002094361 scopus 로고
    • The ocular complications of chloroquine therapy
    • Hobbs H.E., Calnan C.D. The ocular complications of chloroquine therapy. Lancet 1958, 1:1207-1209.
    • (1958) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1207-1209
    • Hobbs, H.E.1    Calnan, C.D.2
  • 29
    • 49749225376 scopus 로고
    • Retinopathy following chloroquine therapy
    • Hobbs H.E., Sorsby A., Freedman A. Retinopathy following chloroquine therapy. Lancet 1959, 2:478-480.
    • (1959) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 478-480
    • Hobbs, H.E.1    Sorsby, A.2    Freedman, A.3
  • 31
    • 0015496390 scopus 로고
    • Lysosomes, pH and the anti-malarial action of chloroquine
    • Homewood C.A., Warhurst D.C., Peters W., Baggaley V.C. Lysosomes, pH and the anti-malarial action of chloroquine. Nature 1972, 235:50-52.
    • (1972) Nature , vol.235 , pp. 50-52
    • Homewood, C.A.1    Warhurst, D.C.2    Peters, W.3    Baggaley, V.C.4
  • 34
    • 84880797112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy and heterophagy dysregulation leads to retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and development of age-related macular degeneration
    • Kaarniranta K., Sinha D., Blasiak J., Kauppinen A., Vereb Z., Salminen A., Boulton M.E., Petrovski G. Autophagy and heterophagy dysregulation leads to retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and development of age-related macular degeneration. Autophagy 2013, 9:973-984.
    • (2013) Autophagy , vol.9 , pp. 973-984
    • Kaarniranta, K.1    Sinha, D.2    Blasiak, J.3    Kauppinen, A.4    Vereb, Z.5    Salminen, A.6    Boulton, M.E.7    Petrovski, G.8
  • 36
    • 33947401472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagosome-lysosome fusion depends on the pH in acidic compartments in CHO cells
    • Kawai A., Uchiyama H., Takano S., Nakamura N., Ohkuma S. Autophagosome-lysosome fusion depends on the pH in acidic compartments in CHO cells. Autophagy 2007, 3:154-157.
    • (2007) Autophagy , vol.3 , pp. 154-157
    • Kawai, A.1    Uchiyama, H.2    Takano, S.3    Nakamura, N.4    Ohkuma, S.5
  • 37
    • 33748095798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fundus autofluorescence and mfERG for early detection of retinal alterations in patients using chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine
    • Kellner U., Renner A.B., Tillack H. Fundus autofluorescence and mfERG for early detection of retinal alterations in patients using chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2006, 47:3531-3538.
    • (2006) Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 3531-3538
    • Kellner, U.1    Renner, A.B.2    Tillack, H.3
  • 40
    • 34547466583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lipofuscin fluorophore A2E perturbs cholesterol metabolism in retinal pigment epithelial cells
    • Lakkaraju A., Finnemann S.C., Rodriguez-Boulan E. The lipofuscin fluorophore A2E perturbs cholesterol metabolism in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104:11026-11031.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.104 , pp. 11026-11031
    • Lakkaraju, A.1    Finnemann, S.C.2    Rodriguez-Boulan, E.3
  • 42
    • 0347505005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorescence lifetime-resolved pH imaging of living cells
    • Lin H.J., Herman P., Lakowicz J.R. Fluorescence lifetime-resolved pH imaging of living cells. Cytom. A 2003, 52:77-89.
    • (2003) Cytom. A , vol.52 , pp. 77-89
    • Lin, H.J.1    Herman, P.2    Lakowicz, J.R.3
  • 44
    • 40649104165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restoration of lysosomal pH in RPE cells from cultured human and ABCA4(-/-) mice: pharmacologic approaches and functional recovery
    • Liu J., Lu W., Reigada D., Nguyen J., Laties A.M., Mitchell C.H. Restoration of lysosomal pH in RPE cells from cultured human and ABCA4(-/-) mice: pharmacologic approaches and functional recovery. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2008, 49:772-780.
    • (2008) Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 772-780
    • Liu, J.1    Lu, W.2    Reigada, D.3    Nguyen, J.4    Laties, A.M.5    Mitchell, C.H.6
  • 45
    • 33646302033 scopus 로고
    • Ocular complications of chloroquine therapy
    • Lloyd L.A., Hiltz J.W. Ocular complications of chloroquine therapy. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1965, 92:508-513.
    • (1965) Can. Med. Assoc. J. , vol.92 , pp. 508-513
    • Lloyd, L.A.1    Hiltz, J.W.2
  • 47
    • 0011752302 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation of the morphogenesis of chloroquine retinopathy
    • Meier-Ruge W. Experimental investigation of the morphogenesis of chloroquine retinopathy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 1965, 73:540-544.
    • (1965) Arch. Ophthalmol. , vol.73 , pp. 540-544
    • Meier-Ruge, W.1
  • 49
    • 78651299434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal toxicity associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: risk factors, screening, and progression despite cessation of therapy
    • Michaelides M., Stover N.B., Francis P.J., Weleber R.G. Retinal toxicity associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: risk factors, screening, and progression despite cessation of therapy. Arch. Ophthalmol. 2011, 129:30-39.
    • (2011) Arch. Ophthalmol. , vol.129 , pp. 30-39
    • Michaelides, M.1    Stover, N.B.2    Francis, P.J.3    Weleber, R.G.4
  • 50
    • 84857260144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lysosomal acidification mechanisms
    • Mindell J.A. Lysosomal acidification mechanisms. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 2012, 74:69-86.
    • (2012) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.74 , pp. 69-86
    • Mindell, J.A.1
  • 54
    • 33644648218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of lysosomal degradation in retinal pigment epithelium cells induces exocytosis of phagocytic residual material at the basolateral plasma membrane
    • Peters S., Reinthal E., Blitgen-Heinecke P., Bartz-Schmidt K.U., Schraermeyer U. Inhibition of lysosomal degradation in retinal pigment epithelium cells induces exocytosis of phagocytic residual material at the basolateral plasma membrane. Ophthalmic Res. 2006, 38:83-88.
    • (2006) Ophthalmic Res. , vol.38 , pp. 83-88
    • Peters, S.1    Reinthal, E.2    Blitgen-Heinecke, P.3    Bartz-Schmidt, K.U.4    Schraermeyer, U.5
  • 55
    • 58849163098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and autophagy in the regulation of lysosome-dependent neuron death
    • Pivtoraiko V.N., Stone S.L., Roth K.A., Shacka J.J. Oxidative stress and autophagy in the regulation of lysosome-dependent neuron death. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2009, 11:481-496.
    • (2009) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.11 , pp. 481-496
    • Pivtoraiko, V.N.1    Stone, S.L.2    Roth, K.A.3    Shacka, J.J.4
  • 57
    • 0028238397 scopus 로고
    • Structural requirements of procathepsin D activation and maturation
    • Richo G.R., Conner G.E. Structural requirements of procathepsin D activation and maturation. J.Biol. Chem. 1994, 269:14806-14812.
    • (1994) J.Biol. Chem. , vol.269 , pp. 14806-14812
    • Richo, G.R.1    Conner, G.E.2
  • 61
    • 77955937348 scopus 로고
    • Ocular lesions in rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders with particular reference to retinopathy - a study of 741 patients treated with and without chloroquine drugs
    • Scherbel A.L., Mackenzi A.H., Nousek J.E., Atdjian M. Ocular lesions in rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders with particular reference to retinopathy - a study of 741 patients treated with and without chloroquine drugs. N.Engl. J. Med. 1965, 273:360-366.
    • (1965) N.Engl. J. Med. , vol.273 , pp. 360-366
    • Scherbel, A.L.1    Mackenzi, A.H.2    Nousek, J.E.3    Atdjian, M.4
  • 62
    • 84876812269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signals from the lysosome: a control centre for cellular clearance and energy metabolism
    • Settembre C., Fraldi A., Medina D.L., Ballabio A. Signals from the lysosome: a control centre for cellular clearance and energy metabolism. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2013, 14:283-296.
    • (2013) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 283-296
    • Settembre, C.1    Fraldi, A.2    Medina, D.L.3    Ballabio, A.4
  • 65
    • 84878481561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucosylceramide modulates endolysosomal pH in Gaucher disease
    • Sillence D.J. Glucosylceramide modulates endolysosomal pH in Gaucher disease. Mol. Genet. Metab. 2013, 109:194-200.
    • (2013) Mol. Genet. Metab. , vol.109 , pp. 194-200
    • Sillence, D.J.1
  • 66
    • 84883495401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal iron homeostasis in health and disease
    • Song D., Dunaief J.L. Retinal iron homeostasis in health and disease. Front. Aging Neurosci. 2013, 5:24.
    • (2013) Front. Aging Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 24
    • Song, D.1    Dunaief, J.L.2
  • 67
    • 18044366931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RPE lipofuscin and its role in retinal pathobiology
    • Sparrow J.R., Boulton M. RPE lipofuscin and its role in retinal pathobiology. Exp. Eye Res. 2005, 80:595-606.
    • (2005) Exp. Eye Res. , vol.80 , pp. 595-606
    • Sparrow, J.R.1    Boulton, M.2
  • 68
  • 69
    • 77955576631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways for cytokine secretion
    • Stanley A.C., Lacy P. Pathways for cytokine secretion. Physiology 2010, 25:218-229.
    • (2010) Physiology , vol.25 , pp. 218-229
    • Stanley, A.C.1    Lacy, P.2
  • 70
    • 0036334069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on lysosomal function in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells
    • Sundelin S.P., Terman A. Different effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on lysosomal function in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. APMIS 2002, 110:481-489.
    • (2002) APMIS , vol.110 , pp. 481-489
    • Sundelin, S.P.1    Terman, A.2
  • 71
    • 0031796729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tamoxifen, toremifene and chloroquine on the lysosomal enzymes in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells
    • Toimela T., Salminen L., Tahti H. Effects of tamoxifen, toremifene and chloroquine on the lysosomal enzymes in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 1998, 83:246-251.
    • (1998) Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.83 , pp. 246-251
    • Toimela, T.1    Salminen, L.2    Tahti, H.3
  • 72
    • 84874524481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NLRP3 inflammasome activation in retinal pigment epithelial cells by lysosomal destabilization: implications for age-related macular degeneration
    • Tseng W.A., Thein T., Kinnunen K., Lashkari K., Gregory M.S., D'Amore P.A., Ksander B.R. NLRP3 inflammasome activation in retinal pigment epithelial cells by lysosomal destabilization: implications for age-related macular degeneration. Investig Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2013, 54:110-120.
    • (2013) Investig Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 110-120
    • Tseng, W.A.1    Thein, T.2    Kinnunen, K.3    Lashkari, K.4    Gregory, M.S.5    D'Amore, P.A.6    Ksander, B.R.7
  • 76
    • 84906492083 scopus 로고
    • Retinopathy following chloroquine therapy
    • Walter C.J. Retinopathy following chloroquine therapy. Med. J. Aust. 1961, 48:741-742.
    • (1961) Med. J. Aust. , vol.48 , pp. 741-742
    • Walter, C.J.1
  • 77
    • 0033538438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the function of Rim protein in photoreceptors and etiology of Stargardt's disease from the phenotype in abcr knockout mice
    • Weng J., Mata N.L., Azarian S.M., Tzekov R.T., Birch D.G., Travis G.H. Insights into the function of Rim protein in photoreceptors and etiology of Stargardt's disease from the phenotype in abcr knockout mice. Cell 1999, 98:13-23.
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , pp. 13-23
    • Weng, J.1    Mata, N.L.2    Azarian, S.M.3    Tzekov, R.T.4    Birch, D.G.5    Travis, G.H.6
  • 78
    • 84879232282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy failure in Alzheimer's disease and the role of defective lysosomal acidification
    • Wolfe D.M., Lee J.H., Kumar A., Lee S., Orenstein S.J., Nixon R.A. Autophagy failure in Alzheimer's disease and the role of defective lysosomal acidification. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2013, 37:1949-1961.
    • (2013) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.37 , pp. 1949-1961
    • Wolfe, D.M.1    Lee, J.H.2    Kumar, A.3    Lee, S.4    Orenstein, S.J.5    Nixon, R.A.6
  • 79
    • 79956014819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of lysosomal dilatation, arrested autophagy, and cell death by chloroquine in cultured ARPE-19 cells
    • Yoon Y.H., Cho K.S., Hwang J.J., Lee S.J., Choi J.A., Koh J.Y. Induction of lysosomal dilatation, arrested autophagy, and cell death by chloroquine in cultured ARPE-19 cells. Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2010, 51:6030-6037.
    • (2010) Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 6030-6037
    • Yoon, Y.H.1    Cho, K.S.2    Hwang, J.J.3    Lee, S.J.4    Choi, J.A.5    Koh, J.Y.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.