Ginsenoside compound K induces apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via activation of apoptosis-inducing factor

Chinese Medicine (United Kingdom)

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Law, Carmen Ka Man ^a   Kwok, Hoi Hin ^a   Poon, Po Ying ^a   Lau, Chi Chiu ^a   Jiang, Zhi Hong ^b   Tai, William Chi Shing ^a   Hsiao, Wendy Wen Luan ^a   Mak, Nai Ki ^a   Yue, Patrick Ying Kit ^a   Wong, Ricky Ngok Shun ^a  

^a HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^b MACAU UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Macao)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APOPTOSIS INDUCING FACTOR; CASPASE; COMPOUND K; GINSENOSIDE; GINSENOSIDE RH 2; PANAXADIOL; PROTOPANAXADIOL; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL CELL CULTURE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CANCER CELL; CANCER CELL CULTURE; CANCER INHIBITION; CELL DEATH; CYTOTOXICITY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; MALE; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL; MOUSE; NASOPHARYNX CARCINOMA; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DEPLETION; TUMOR XENOGRAFT; WESTERN BLOTTING;

EID: 84897554978     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17498546     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-9-11     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Lo KW, To KF, Huang DP. Focus on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Cell 2004, 5:423-428. 10.1016/S1535-6108(04)00119-9, 15144950.
2. Suarez C, Rodrigo JP, Rinaldo A, Langendijk JA, Shaha AR, Ferlito A. Current treatment options for recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer. Eur Arc of oto-rhino-laryngology 2010, 267:1811-1824.
3. Yue PY, Huang Y, Wong RN. Ginsenoside Rg3 and Rh2: The anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic saponins from ginseng. Atta-ur-Rahman 2007, 34-57. USA: Anti-angiogenesis drug discovery and development. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd, Choudhary MI.
4. Cheng Y, Shen LH, Zhang JT. Anti-amnestic and anti-aging effects of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 and its mechanism of action. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2005, 26:143-149. 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00034.x, 15663889.
5. Nah S. Ginseng: Recent advances and trends. Korean J Ginseng Sci 1997, 21:1-12.
6. Attele AS, Wu JA, Yuan CS. Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem Pharmacol 1999, 58:1685-1693. 10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00212-9, 10571242.
7. Liu CC, Xiao PG. Recent advances on ginseng research in China. J Ethnopharmacol 1992, 36:27-38. 10.1016/0378-8741(92)90057-X, 1501490.
8. Nag SA, Qin JJ, Wang W, Wang MH, Wang H, Zhang R. Ginsenosides as Anticancer Agents: In vitro and in vivo Activities, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Molecular Mechanisms of Action. Front Pharmacol 2012, 3:25. 3289390, 22403544.
9. Lu JM, Yao Q, Chen C. Ginseng compounds: an update on their molecular mechanisms and medical applications. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2009, 7:293-302. 10.2174/157016109788340767, 2928028, 19601854.
10. Yue PY, Wong DY, Wu P, Leung P, Mak N, Yeung H, Liu L, Cai Z, Jiang Z, Fan DT, Wong RN. The angiosuppressive effects of ginsenoside-Rg3. Biochem Pharmacol 2006, 72:437-445. 10.1016/j.bcp.2006.04.034, 16793023.
11. Kim HE, Oh JH, Lee SK, Oh YJ. Ginsenoside Rh-2 induces apoptotic cell death in rat C6 glioma via a reactive oxygen- and caspase-dependent but Bcl-X (L)-independent pathway. Life Sci 1999, 65:L33-L40.
12. Liu GY, Bu X, Yan H, Jia WW. 20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways. J Nat Prod 2007, 70:259-264. 10.1021/np060313t, 17261067.
13. Popovich DG, Kitts DD. Ginsenosides 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and Rh2 reduce cell proliferation and increase sub-G1 cells in two cultured intestinal cell lines, Int-407 and Caco-2. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2004, 82:183-190. 10.1139/y04-001, 15052284.
14. Choi K, Choi C. Proapoptotic ginsenosides compound K and Rh enhance Fas-induced cell death of human astrocytoma cells through distinct apoptotic signaling pathways. Cancer Res Treat 2009, 41:36-44. 10.4143/crt.2009.41.1.36, 2699093, 19688070.
15. Kim SM, Lee SY, Yuk DY, Moon DC, Choi SS, Kim Y, Han SB, Oh KW, Hong JT. Inhibition of NF-kappaB by ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the susceptibility of colon cancer cells to docetaxel. Arch Pharm Res 2009, 32:755-765. 10.1007/s12272-009-1515-4, 19471891.
16. Kumar A, Kumar M, Park TY, Park MH, Takemoto T, Terado T, Kitano M, Kimura H. Molecular mechanisms of ginsenoside Rp1-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis. Int J Mol Med 2009, 24:381-386.
17. Park EK, Lee EJ, Lee SH, Koo KH, Sung JY, Hwang EH, Park JH, Kim CW, Jeong KC, Park BK, Kim YN. Induction of apoptosis by the ginsenoside Rh2 by internalization of lipid rafts and caveolae and inactivation of Akt. Br J Pharmacol 2010, 160:1212-1223. 2936029, 20590613.
18. Yuan HD, Quan HY, Zhang Y, Kim SH, Chung SH. 20 (S)-Ginsenoside Rg3-induced apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells is associated with AMPK signaling pathway. Molecular Med Report 2010, 3:825-831.
19. Bae EA, Han MJ, Kim EJ, Kim DH. Transformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenoside Rh2 by acids and human intestinal bacteria and biological activities of their transformants. Arch Pharm Res 2004, 27:61-67. 10.1007/BF02980048, 14969341.
20. Akao T, Kanaoka M, Kobashi K. Appearance of compound K, a major metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1 by intestinal bacteria, in rat plasma after oral administration-measurement of compound K by enzyme immunoassay. Biol Pharm Bull 1998, 21:245-249. 10.1248/bpb.21.245, 9556154.
21. Akao T, Kida H, Kanaoka M, Hattori M, Kobashi K. Intestinal bacterial hydrolysis is required for the appearance of compound K in rat plasma after oral administration of ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng. J Pharm Pharmacol 1998, 50:1155-1160. 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1998.tb03327.x, 9821663.
22. Jeong JC, Shin WY, Kim TH, Kwon CH, Kim JH, Kim YK, Kim KH. Silibinin induces apoptosis via calpain-dependent AIF nuclear translocation in U87MG human glioma cell death. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2011, 19:30-44.
23. Ip SW, Lan SH, Lu HF, Huang AC, Yang JS, Lin JP, Huang HY, Lien JC, Ho CC, Chiu CF, Wood W, Chung JG. Capssaicin mediates apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma NPC-TW 039 cells through mitochondrial depolarization and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012, 31:539-549. 10.1177/0960327111417269, 21859781.
24. Lin ML, Lu YC, Chung JG, Li YC, Wang SG, Ng SH, Wu CY, Su HL, Chen SS. Aloe-emodin induces apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via caspase-8-mediated activation of the mitochondrial death pathway. Cancer Lett 2010, 291:46-58. 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.09.016, 19942342.
25. Lin ML, Chen SS, Lu YC, Liang RY, Ho YT, Yang CY, Chung JG. Rhein induces apoptosis through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial death pathway in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res 2007, 27:3313-3322.
26. Hu C, Song G, Zhang B, Liu Z, Chen R, Zhang H, Hu T. Intestinal metabolite compound K of panaxoside inhibits the growth of gastric carcinoma by augmenting apoptosis via Bid-mediated mitochondrial pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2012, 16:96-106. 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01278.x, 21323864.
27. Cho SH, Chung KS, Choi JH, Kim DH, Lee KT. Compound K, a metabolite of ginseng saponin, induces apoptosis via caspase-8-dependent pathway in HL-60 human leukemia cells. BMC Cancer 2009, 9:449. 10.1186/1471-2407-9-449, 2806409, 20017956.
28. Lee SJ, Ko WG, Kim JH, Sung JH, Moon CK, Lee BH. Induction of apoptosis by a novel intestinal metabolite of ginseng saponin via cytochrome c-mediated activation of caspase-3 protease. Biochem Pharmacol 2000, 60:677-685. 10.1016/S0006-2952(00)00362-2, 10927026.
29. Kikuchi Y, Sasa H, Kita T, Hirata J, Tode T, Nagata I. Inhibition of human ovarian cancer cell proliferation in vitro by ginsenoside Rh2 and adjuvant effects to cisplatin in vivo. Anti-cancer Drugs 1991, 2:63-67. 10.1097/00001813-199102000-00009, 1958854.
30. Zhang Q, Kang X, Zhao W. Antiangiogenic effect of low-dose cyclophosphamide combined with ginsenoside Rg3 on Lewis lung carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006, 342:824-828. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.044, 16499874.
31. Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, Marzo I, Snow BE, Brothers GM, Mangion J, Jacotot E, Costantini P, Loeffler M, Larochette N, Goodlett DR, Aebersold R, Siderovski DP, Penninger JM, Kroemer G. Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature 1999, 397:441-446. 10.1038/17135, 9989411.
32. Chen QJ, Zhang MZ, Wang LX. Gensenoside Rg3 inhibits hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in human cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2010, 26:849-858. 10.1159/000323994, 21220916.
33. Kim YJ, Kwon HC, Ko H, Park JH, Kim HY, Yoo JH, Yang HO. Anti-tumor activity of the ginsenoside Rk1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of telomerase activity and induction of apoptosis. Biol Pharm Bull 2008, 31:826-830. 10.1248/bpb.31.826, 18451501.
34. Yoon JH, Choi YJ, Lee SG. Ginsenoside Rh1 suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression through inhibition of activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2012, 679:24-33. 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.01.020, 22314224.
35. Lee J, Lee E, Kim D, Lee J, Yoo J, Koh B. Studies on absorption, distribution and metabolism of ginseng in humans after oral administration. J Ethnopharmacol 2009, 122:143-148. 10.1016/j.jep.2008.12.012, 19146939.
36. He D, Sun J, Zhu X, Nian S, Liu J. Compound K increases type I procollagen level and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity and level in ultraviolet-A-irradiated fibroblasts. J Formos Med Assoc 2011, 110:153-160. 10.1016/S0929-6646(11)60025-9, 21497278.
37. Li W, Zhang M, Gu J, Meng ZJ, Zhao LC, Zheng YN, Chen L, Yang GL. Hypoglycemic effect of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides and compound K on Type 2 diabetes mice induced by high-fat diet combining with streptozotocin via suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Fitoterapia 2012, 83:192-198. 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.10.011, 22056666.
38. Park JS, Shin JA, Jung JS, Hyun JW, Van Le TK, Kim DH, Park EM, Kim HS. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of compound K in activated microglia and its neuroprotective effect on experimental stroke in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012, 2341:59-67.
39. Yamada N, Araki H, Yoshimura H. Identification of antidepressant-like ingredients in ginseng root (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) using a menopausal depressive-like state in female mice: participation of 5-HT2A receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011, 216:589-599. 10.1007/s00213-011-2252-1, 21424694.
40. Kim DY, Park MW, Yuan HD, Lee HJ, Kim SH, Chung SH. Compound K induces apoptosis via CAMK-IV/AMPK pathways in HT-29 colon cancer cells. J Agric Food Chem 2009, 57:10573-10578. 10.1021/jf902700h, 19845353.
41. Hengartner MO. The biochemistry of apoptosis. Nature 2000, 407:770-776. 10.1038/35037710, 11048727.
42. Budihardjo I, Oliver H, Lutter M, Luo X, Wang X. Biochemical pathways of caspase activation during apoptosis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1999, 15:269-290. 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.269, 10611963.
43. Li J, Yuan J. Caspases in apoptosis and beyond. Oncogene 2008, 27:6194-6206. 10.1038/onc.2008.297, 18931687.
44. Chung YC, Tang FY, Liao JW, Chung CH, Jong TT, Chen SS, Tsai CH, Chiang EP. Isatis indigotica induces hepatocellular cancer cell death via caspase-independent apoptosis-inducing factor translocation apoptotic pathway in vitro and in vivo. Integr Cancer Ther 2011, 10:201-214. 10.1177/1534735410387420, 21382959.
45. Shih CM, Wu JS, Ko WC, Wang LF, Wei YH, Liang HF, Chen YC, Chen CT. Mitochondria-mediated caspase-independent apoptosis induced by cadmium in normal human lung cells. J Cell Biochem 2003, 89:335-347. 10.1002/jcb.10488, 12704796.
46. Modjtahedi N, Giordanetto F, Madeo F, Kroemer G. Apoptosis-inducing factor: vital and lethal. Trends Cell Biol 2006, 16:264-272. 10.1016/j.tcb.2006.03.008, 16621561.