Health promoting effects of brassica-derived phytochemicals: From chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory activities to epigenetic regulation

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages

  Wagner, Anika Eva ^a   Terschluesen, Anna Maria ^a   Rimbach, Gerald ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BODY FLUIDS; MAMMALS;

ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS; BRASSICA VEGETABLES; CHEMOPREVENTIVE ACTIVITY; EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS; EPIGENETIC REGULATION; HISTONE DEACETYLASES;

HEALTH;

BRASSICA EXTRACT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; DRUG TARGETING; EPIGENETICS; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; ANIMAL; BRASSICA; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; GENETIC EPIGENESIS; HEALTH;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS; BRASSICA; CHEMOPREVENTION; EPIGENESIS, GENETIC; HEALTH; HUMANS; PHYTOCHEMICALS;

EID: 84896267408     PISSN: 19420900     EISSN: 19420994     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2013/964539     Document Type: Review

References (118)

1. Verhoeven D. T. H., Goldbohm R. A., Van Poppel G., Verhagen H., Van Den Brandt P. A., Epidemiological studies on Brassica vegetables and cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 1996 5 9 733 748 2-s2.0-0029835537 (Pubitemid 26304649)
2. Verhoeven D. T. H., Verhagen H., Goldbohm R. A., Van Den Brandt P. A., Van Poppel G., A review of mechanisms underlying anticarcinogenicity by brassica vegetables. Chemico-Biological Interactions 1997 103 2 79 129 2-s2.0-0031588808 10.1016/S0009-2797(96)03745-3 (Pubitemid 27081513)
3. Voorrips L. E., Goldbohm R. A., Van Poppel G., Sturmans F., Hermus R. J. J., Van Den Brandt P. A., Vegetable and fruit consumption and risks of colon and rectal cancer in a prospective cohort study: the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 2000 152 11 1081 1092 2-s2.0-0034548056 10.1093/aje/152.11.1081
4. Dinkova-Kostova A. T., Kostov R. V., Glucosinolates and isothiocyanates in health and disease. Trends in Molecular Medicine 2012 18 337 347 2-s2.0-84860641070 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.04.003
5. Melchini A., Costa C., Traka M., Miceli N., Mithen R., De Pasquale R., Trovato A., Erucin, a new promising cancer chemopreventive agent from rocket salads, shows anti-proliferative activity on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2009 47 7 1430 1436 2-s2.0-67349224103 10.1016/j.fct.2009.03.024
6. Bonnesen C., Eggleston I. M., Hayes J. D., Dietary indoles and isothiocyanates that are generated from cruciferous vegetables can both stimulate apoptosis and confer protection against DNA damage in human colon cell lines. Cancer Research 2001 61 16 6120 6130 2-s2.0-0035881570 (Pubitemid 32762548)
7. Munday R., Munday C. M., Induction of phase II detoxification enzymes in rats by plant-derived isothiocyanates: comparison of allyl isothiocyanate with sulforaphane and related compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2004 52 7 1867 1871 2-s2.0-1842588301 10.1021/jf030549s
8. Razis A. F. A., Bagatta M., De Nicola G. R., Iori R., Ioannides C., Intact glucosinolates modulate hepatic cytochrome P450 and phase II conjugation activities and may contribute directly to the chemopreventive activity of cruciferous vegetables. Toxicology 2010 277 1-3 74 85 2-s2.0-77957876664 10.1016/j.tox.2010.08.080
9. Navarro S. L., Li F., Lampe J. W., Mechanisms of action of isothiocyanates in cancer chemoprevention: an update. Food and Function 2011 2 10 579 587 2-s2.0-80054848925 10.1039/c1fo10114e
10. Verkerk R., Schreiner M., Krumbein A., Ciska E., Holst B., Rowland I., de Schrijver R., Hansen M., Gerhäuser C., Mithen R., Dekker M., Glucosinolates in Brassica vegetables: the influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 2009 53 2 219 265 2-s2.0-67649238683 10.1002/mnfr.200800065
11. Hayes J. D., Kelleher M. O., Eggleston I. M., The cancer chemopreventive actions of phytochemicals derived from glucosinolates. European Journal of Nutrition 2008 47 2 73 88 2-s2.0-43149099706 10.1007/s00394-008-2009-8 (Pubitemid 351644183)
12. Juge N., Mithen R. F., Traka M., Molecular basis for chemoprevention by sulforaphane: a comprehensive review. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2007 64 9 1105 1127 2-s2.0-34247606510 10.1007/s00018-007-6484-5 (Pubitemid 46684547)
13. Wang L. G., Beklemisheva A., Liu X. M., Ferrari A. C., Feng J., Chiao J. W., Dual action on promoter demethylation and chromatin by an isothiocyanate restored GSTP1 silenced in prostate cancer. Molecular Carcinogenesis 2007 46 1 24 31 2-s2.0-33846217828 10.1002/mc.20258 (Pubitemid 46095230)
14. Gong A., He M., Vanaja D. K., Yin P., Jeffrey Karnes R., Young C. Y. F., Phenethyl isothiocyanate inhibits STAT3 activation in prostate cancer cells. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 2009 53 7 878 886 2-s2.0-68149167106 10.1002/mnfr.200800253
15. Wang X.-H., Cavell B. E., Alwi S. S. S., Packham G., Inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor by phenethyl isothiocyanate. Biochemical Pharmacology 2009 78 3 261 272 2-s2.0-65749104457 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.04.010
16. Moon J.-K., Kim J.-R., Ahn Y.-J., Shibamoto T., Analysis and anti- helicobacter activity of sulforaphane and related compounds present in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) sprouts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2010 58 11 6672 6677 2-s2.0-77953160513 10.1021/jf1003573
17. Michnovicz J. J., Bradlow H. L., Altered estrogen metabolism and excretion in humans following consumption of indole-3-carbinol. Nutrition and Cancer 1991 16 1 59 66 2-s2.0-0025781767
18. Yanaka A., Fahey J. W., Fukumoto A., Nakayama M., Inoue S., Zhang S., Tauchi M., Suzuki H., Hyodo I., Yamamoto M., Dietary sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts reduce colonization and attenuate gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice and humans. Cancer Prevention Research 2009 2 4 353 360 2-s2.0-67549138277 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0192
19. Gupta S. C., Kim J. H., Prasad S., Aggarwal B. B., Regulation of survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cells through modulation of inflammatory pathways by nutraceuticals. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 2010 29 3 405 434 2-s2.0-77957592789 10.1007/s10555-010-9235- 2
20. Surh Y.-J., Na H.-K., NF- B and Nrf2 as prime molecular targets for chemoprevention and cytoprotection with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phytochemicals. Genes and Nutrition 2008 2 4 313 317 2-s2.0-41349118031 10.1007/s12263-007-0063-0 (Pubitemid 351447704)
21. Gupta S. C., Sundaram C., Reuter S., Aggarwal B. B., Inhibiting NF- B activation by small molecules as a therapeutic strategy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2010 1799 10-12 775 787 2-s2.0-77957570183 10.1016/j.bbagrm. 2010.05.004
22. Chen L. F., Greene W. C., Shaping the nuclear action of NF- B. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2004 5 392 401 10.1038/nrm1368 (Pubitemid 38579476)
23. Chen F., Castranova V., Shi X., New insights into the role of nuclear factor- B in cell growth regulation. American Journal of Pathology 2001 159 2 387 397 2-s2.0-0034885358 (Pubitemid 32751067)
24. Shaulian E., Karin M., AP-1 in cell proliferation and survival. Oncogene 2001 20 19 2390 2400 2-s2.0-0035971493 10.1038/sj.onc.1204383 (Pubitemid 32531297)
25. Shaulian E., Karin M., AP-1 as a regulator of cell life and death. Nature Cell Biology 2002 4 5 E131 E136 2-s2.0-0036098552 10.1038/ncb0502-e131 (Pubitemid 34521026)
26. Heiss E., Herhaus C., Klimo K., Bartsch H., Gerhäuser C., Nuclear factor B is a molecular target for sulforaphane-mediated anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2001 276 34 32008 32015 2-s2.0-0035943597 10.1074/jbc.M104794200
27. Jeong W.-S., Kim I.-W., Hu R., Kong A.-N. T., Modulatory properties of various natural chemopreventive agents on the activation of NF- B signaling pathway. Pharmaceutical Research 2004 21 4 661 670 2-s2.0-1842555356 10.1023/B:PHAM.0000022413.43212.cf (Pubitemid 38457289)
28. Woo K. J., Kwon T. K., Sulforaphane suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression through the modulation of multiple targets in COX-2 gene promoter. International Immunopharmacology 2007 7 13 1776 1783 2-s2.0-35748952490 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.09.018 (Pubitemid 350046441)
29. Chen Y.-H., Dai H.-J., Chang H.-P., Suppression of inducible nitric oxide production by indole and isothiocyanate derivatives from Brassica plants in stimulated macrophages. Planta Medica 2003 69 8 696 700 2-s2.0-0141816815 10.1055/s-2003-42790 (Pubitemid 37215016)
30. Prawan A., Saw C. L. L., Khor T. O., Keum Y.-S., Yu S., Hu L., Kong A.-N., Anti-NF- B and anti-inflammatory activities of synthetic isothiocyanates: effect of chemical structures and cellular signaling. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2009 179 2-3 202 211 2-s2.0-62549085979 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.12.014
31. Rose P., Yen K. W., Choon N. O., Whiteman M., β -Phenylethyl and 8-methylsulphinyloctyl isothiocyanates, constituents of watercress, suppress LPS induced production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nitric Oxide 2005 12 4 237 243 2-s2.0-19544385612 10.1016/j.niox.2005.03.001 (Pubitemid 40732393)
32. Kim Y. H., Kwon H.-S., Kim D. H., Shin E. K., Kang Y.-H., Park J. H. Y., Shin H.-K., Kim J.-K., 3,3′-diindolylmethane attenuates colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis in mice. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2009 15 8 1164 1173 2-s2.0-70349498805 10.1002/ibd.20917
33. Wagner A. E., Will O., Sturm C., Lipinski S., DSS-induced acute colitis in C57BL/6 mice is mitigated by sulforaphane pre-treatment. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2013 25 2085 2091
34. Keum Y.-S., Jeong W.-S., Tony Kong A. N., Chemoprevention by isothiocyanates and their underlying molecular signaling mechanisms. Mutation Research 2004 555 1-2 191 202 2-s2.0-5144235166 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.05.024 (Pubitemid 39345404)
35. Shan Y., Zhao R., Geng W., Lin N., Wang X., Du X., Wang S., Protective effect of sulforaphane on human vascular endothelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory damage. Cardiovascular Toxicology 2010 10 2 139 145 2-s2.0-77956393124 10.1007/s12012-010-9072-0
36. Xu C., Shen G., Chen C., Gélinas C., Kong A.-N. T., Suppression of NF- B and NF- B-regulated gene expression by sulforaphane and PEITC through I B α IKK pathway in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Oncogene 2005 24 28 4486 4495 2-s2.0-22744440329 10.1038/sj.onc.1208656 (Pubitemid 41032612)
37. Yang M.-D., Lai K.-C., Lai T.-Y., Hsu S.-C., Kuo C.-L., Yu C.-S., Lin M.-L., Yang J.-S., Kuo H.-M., Wu S.-H., Chung J.-G., Phenethyl isothiocyanate inhibits migration and invasion of human gastric cancer AGS cells through suppressing MAPK and NF- B signal pathways. Anticancer Research 2010 30 6 2135 2143 2-s2.0-77955072957
38. Anand P., Kunnumakkara A. B., Harikumar K. B., Kwang S. A., Badmaev V., Aggarwal B. B., Modification of cysteine residue in p65 subunit of nuclear factor- B (NF- B) by picroliv suppresses NF- B-regulated gene products and potentiates apoptosis. Cancer Research 2008 68 21 8861 8870 2-s2.0-55349112154 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-1902
39. Heiss E., Gerhäuser C., Time-dependent modulation of thioredoxin reductase activity might contribute to sulforaphane-mediated inhibition of NF- B binding to DNA. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 2005 7 11-12 1601 1611 2-s2.0-28844478899 10.1089/ars.2005.7.1601 (Pubitemid 41767995)
40. Surh Y.-J., Cancer chemoprevention with dietary phytochemicals. Nature Reviews Cancer 2003 3 10 768 780 2-s2.0-0142166328 (Pubitemid 37328815)
41. Surh Y.-J., Kundu J. K., Na H.-K., Lee J.-S., Redox-sensitive transcription factors as prime targets for chemoprevention with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative phytochemicals. Journal of Nutrition 2005 135 12 2993S 3001S 2-s2.0-31544441350 (Pubitemid 43156578)
42. Khor T. O., Huang M.-T., Kwon K. H., Chan J. Y., Reddy B. S., Kong A.-N., Nrf2-deficient mice have an increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Cancer Research 2006 66 24 11580 11584 2-s2.0-33846264538 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3562 (Pubitemid 46094166)
43. Balogun E., Hoque M., Gong P., Killeen E., Green C. J., Foresti R., Alam J., Motterlini R., Curcumin activates the haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element. Biochemical Journal 2003 371 3 887 895 2-s2.0-0037569694 10.1042/BJ20021619 (Pubitemid 36578887)
44. Thimmulappa R. K., Lee H., Rangasamy T., Reddy S. P., Yamamoto M., Kensler T. W., Biswal S., Nrf2 is a critical regulator of the innate immune response and survival during experimental sepsis. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006 116 4 984 995 2-s2.0-33645530745 10.1172/JCI25790
45. Wagner A. E., Ernst I., Iori R., Desel C., Rimbach G., Sulforaphane but not ascorbigen, indole-3-carbinole and ascorbic acid activates the transcription factor Nrf2 and induces phase-2 and antioxidant enzymes in human keratinocytes in culture. Experimental Dermatology 2010 19 2 137 144 2-s2.0-74949124720 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00928.x
46. Xu C., Huang M.-T., Shen G., Yuan X., Lin W., Khor T. O., Conney A. H., Kong A.-N. T., Inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced skin tumorigenesis in C57BL/6 mice by sulforaphane is mediated by nuclear factor E2-related factor 2. Cancer Research 2006 66 16 8293 8296 2-s2.0-33748089664 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-0300 (Pubitemid 44299200)
47. Keum Y.-S., Regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 system by chemopreventive sulforaphane: implications of posttranslational modifications. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2011 1229 1 184 189 2-s2.0-79960815640 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06092.x
48. Saw C. L., Huang M.-T., Liu Y., Khor T. O., Conney A. H., Kong A.-N., Impact of Nrf2 on UVB-induced skin inflammation/photoprotection and photoprotective effect of sulforaphane. Molecular Carcinogenesis 2011 50 6 479 486 2-s2.0-79955710308 10.1002/mc.20725
49. Ernst I. M. A., Wagner A. E., Schuemann C., Storm N., Höppner W., Döring F., Stocker A., Rimbach G., Allyl-, butyl- and phenylethyl- isothiocyanate activate Nrf2 in cultured fibroblasts. Pharmacological Research 2011 63 3 233 240 2-s2.0-79751529435 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.11.005
50. Saw C. L.-L., Cintrón M., Wu T.-Y., Guo Y., Huang Y., Jeong W.-S., Kong A.-N. T., Pharmacodynamics of dietary phytochemical indoles I3C and DIM: induction of Nrf2-mediated phase II drug metabolizing and antioxidant genes and synergism with isothiocyanates. Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition 2011 32 5 289 300 2-s2.0-79959751713 10.1002/bdd.759
51. Liu G.-H., Qu J., Shen X., NF- B/p65 antagonizes Nrf2-ARE pathway by depriving CBP from Nrf2 and facilitating recruitment of HDAC3 to MafK. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2008 1783 5 713 727 2-s2.0-41949141296 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.01.002
52. Yang H., Magilnick N., Ou X., Lu S. C., Tumour necrosis factor α induces co-ordinated activation of rat GSH synthetic enzymes via nuclear factor B and activator protein-1. Biochemical Journal 2005 391 2 399 408 2-s2.0-27444447043 10.1042/BJ20050795 (Pubitemid 41532438)
53. Egger G., Liang G., Aparicio A., Jones P. A., Epigenetics in human disease and prospects for epigenetic therapy. Nature 2004 429 6990 457 463 2-s2.0-2642531973 10.1038/nature02625 (Pubitemid 38715140)
54. Winter J., Jung S., Keller S., Gregory R. I., Diederichs S., Many roads to maturity: microRNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation. Nature Cell Biology 2009 11 3 228 234 2-s2.0-61849137222 10.1038/ncb0309-228
55. Yoo C. B., Jones P. A., Epigenetic therapy of cancer: past, present and future. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2006 5 1 37 50 2-s2.0-33644856123 10.1038/nrd1930
56. Gerhauser C., Cancer chemoprevention and nutriepigenetics: state of the art and future challenges. Topics in Current Chemistry 2013 329 73 132
57. Esatbeyoglu T., Huebbe P., Ernst I. M., Chin D., Curcumin-from molecule to biological function. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2012 51 22 5308 5332 10.1002/anie.201107724
58. Kanwal R., Gupta S., Epigenetics and cancer. Journal of Applied Physiology 2010 109 2 598 605 2-s2.0-77955622208 10.1152/japplphysiol.00066.2010
59. Reuter S., Gupta S. C., Park B., Goel A., Aggarwal B. B., Epigenetic changes induced by curcumin and other natural compounds. Genes and Nutrition 2011 6 2 93 108 2-s2.0-79956369486 10.1007/s12263-011-0222-1
60. Li Y., Hassan Y. I., Moriyama H., Zempleni J., Holocarboxylase synthetase interacts physically with euchromatic histone-lysine N, linking histone biotinylation with methylation events. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2013 24 8 1446 1452 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.12.003
61. Xue J., Wijeratne S. S., Zempleni J., Holocarboxylase synthetase synergizes with methyl CpG binding protein 2 and DNA methyltransferase 1 in the transcriptional repression of long-terminal repeats. Epigenetics 2013 8 504 511 10.4161/epi.24449
62. Zhang K., Dent S. Y. R., Histone modifying enzymes and cancer: going beyond histones. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 2005 96 6 1137 1148 2-s2.0-27944501617 10.1002/jcb.20615 (Pubitemid 41681856)
63. Saini S., Arora S., Majid S., Shahryari V., Chen Y., Deng G., Yamamura S., Ueno K., Dahiya R., Curcumin modulates microRNA-203-mediated regulation of the Src-Akt axis in bladder cancer. Cancer Prevention Research 2011 4 10 1698 1709 2-s2.0-80053905142 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0267
64. Spiegel S., Milstien S., Grant S., Endogenous modulators and pharmacological inhibitors of histone deacetylases in cancer therapy. Oncogene 2012 31 5 537 551 2-s2.0-84856524861 10.1038/onc.2011.267
65. Xu W. S., Parmigiani R. B., Marks P. A., Histone deacetylase inhibitors: molecular mechanisms of action. Oncogene 2007 26 37 5541 5552 2-s2.0-34547864236 10.1038/sj.onc.1210620 (Pubitemid 47255934)
66. Rajendran P., Williams D. E., Ho E., Dashwood R. H., Metabolism as a key to histone deacetylase inhibition. Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2011 46 3 181 199 2-s2.0-79956362344 10.3109/10409238.2011. 557713
67. Rajendran P., Kidane A. I., Yu T. W., Dashwood W. M., HDAC turnover, CtIP acetylation and dysregulated DNA damage signaling in colon cancer cells treated with sulforaphane and related dietary isothiocyanates. Epigenetics 2013 8 6 612 623 10.4161/epi.24710
68. Rajendran P., Delage B., Dashwood W. M., Yu T.-W., Wuth B., Williams D. E., Ho E., Dashwood R. H., Histone deacetylase turnover and recovery in sulforaphane-treated colon cancer cells: competing actions of 14-3-3 and Pin1 in HDAC3/SMRT corepressor complex dissociation/reassembly. Molecular Cancer 2011 10, article 68 2-s2.0-79957545769 10.1186/1476-4598-10-68
69. Clarke J. D., Hsu A., Yu Z., Dashwood R. H., Ho E., Differential effects of sulforaphane on histone deacetylases, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in normal prostate cells versus hyperplastic and cancerous prostate cells. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 2011 55 7 999 1009 2-s2.0-79959742774 10.1002/mnfr.201000547
70. Myzak M. C., Hardin K., Wang R., Dashwood R. H., Ho E., Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylase activity in BPH-1, LnCaP and PC-3 prostate epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis 2006 27 4 811 819 2-s2.0-33645324413 10.1093/carcin/bgi265
71. Pledgie-Tracy A., Sobolewski M. D., Davidson N. E., Sulforaphane induces cell type-specific apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2007 6 3 1013 1021 2-s2.0-34147135143 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06- 0494 (Pubitemid 46554571)
72. Myzak M. C., Dashwood W. M., Orner G. A., Ho E., Dashwood R. H., Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylase in vivo and suppresses tumorigenesis in Apcmin mice. FASEB Journal 2006 20 3 506 508 2-s2.0-33645825587 10.1096/fj.05-4785fje (Pubitemid 46671231)
73. Myzak M. C., Tong P., Dashwood W.-M., Dashwood R. H., Ho E., Sulforaphane retards the growth of human PC-3 xenografts and inhibits HDAC activity in human subjects. Experimental Biology and Medicine 2007 232 2 227 234 2-s2.0-33846838750 (Pubitemid 46203291)
74. Wang L. G., Liu X. M., Fang Y., Dai W., Chiao F. B., Puccio G. M., Feng J., Liu D., Chiao J. W., De-repression of the p21 promoter in prostate cancer cells by an isothiocyanate via inhibition of HDACs and c-Myc. International Journal of Oncology 2008 33 2 375 380 2-s2.0-48749118821 10.3892/ijo-00000018
75. Beklemisheva A. A., Fang Y., Feng J., Ma X., Dai W., Chiao J. W., Epigenetic mechanism of growth inhibition induced by phenylhexyl isothiocyanate in prostate cancer cells. Anticancer Research 2006 26 2 A 1225 1230 2-s2.0-33645822781
76. Lu Q., Lin X., Feng J., Zhao X., Gallagher R., Lee M. Y., Chiao J.-W., Liu D., Phenylhexyl isothiocyanate has dual function as histone deacetylase inhibitor and hypomethylating agent and can inhibit myeloma cell growth by targeting critical pathways. Journal of hematology & oncology 2008 1 6 2-s2.0-65349138314
77. Ma X., Fang Y., Beklemisheva A., Dai W., Feng J., Ahmed T., Liu D., Chiao J. W., Phenylhexyl isothiocyanate inhibits histone deacetylases and remodels chromatins to induce growth arrest in human leukemia cells. International Journal of Oncology 2006 28 5 1287 1293 2-s2.0-33646823481
78. Batra S., Sahu R. P., Kandala P. K., Srivastava S. K., Benzyl isothiocyanate-mediated inhibition of histone deacetylase leads to NF- B turnoff in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2010 9 6 1596 1608 2-s2.0-77953426641 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-1146
79. Beaver L. M., Yu T. W., Sokolowski E. I., Williams D. E., 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane, but not indole-3-carbinol, inhibits histone deacetylase activity in prostate cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012 263 3 345 351 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.007
80. Dashwood R. H., Ho E., Dietary histone deacetylase inhibitors: from cells to mice to man. Seminars in Cancer Biology 2007 17 5 363 369 2-s2.0-34548456881 10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.04.001 (Pubitemid 47369168)
81. Esteller M., Cancer epigenomics: DNA methylomes and histone-modification maps. Nature Reviews Genetics 2007 8 4 286 298 2-s2.0-33947315736 10.1038/nrg2005 (Pubitemid 46439286)
82. Hermann A., Gowher H., Jeltsch A., Biochemistry and biology of mammalian DNA methyltransferases. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2004 61 19-20 2571 2587 2-s2.0-9744251005 10.1007/s00018-004-4201-1 (Pubitemid 39586518)
83. Kang G. H., Lee H. J., Hwang K. S., Lee S., Kim J.-H., Kim J.-S., Aberrant CpG island hypermethylation of chronic gastritis, in relation to aging, gender, intestinal metaplasia, and chronic inflammation. American Journal of Pathology 2003 163 4 1551 1556 2-s2.0-0141537154 (Pubitemid 37175101)
84. Meeran S. M., Patel S. N., Tollefsbol T. O., Sulforaphane causes epigenetic repression of hTERT expression in human breast cancer cell lines. PLoS ONE 2010 5 7 2-s2.0-77955352742 10.1371/journal.pone.0011457 e11457
85. Barrera L. N., Johnson I. T., Bao Y., Cassidy A., Colorectal cancer cells Caco-2 and HCT116 resist epigenetic effects of isothiocyanates and selenium in vitro. European Journal of Nutrition 2013 52 4 1327 1341 10.1007/s00394-012- 0442-1
86. Hsu A., Wong C. P., Yu Z., Williams D. E., Promoter de-methylation of cyclin D2 by sulforaphane in prostate cancer cells. Clin Epigenetics 2011 3 1 10.1186/1868-7083-3-3
87. Fan H., Zhang R., Tesfaye D., Tholen E., Sulforaphane causes a major epigenetic repression of myostatin in porcine satellite cells. Epigenetics 2012 7 1379 1390
88. Jiang S., Ma X., Huang Y., Xu Y., Zheng R., Chiao J.-W., Reactivating aberrantly hypermethylated p15 gene in leukemic T cells by a phenylhexyl isothiocyanate mediated inter-active mechanism on DNA and chromatin. Journal of Hematology and Oncology 2010 3, article 48 2-s2.0-78649351179 10.1186/1756-8722-3-48
89. O'Connell R. M., Taganov K. D., Boldin M. P., Cheng G., Baltimore D., MicroRNA-155 is induced during the macrophage inflammatory response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 104 5 1604 1609 2-s2.0-33846845071 10.1073/pnas.0610731104 (Pubitemid 46214637)
90. Taganov K. D., Boldin M. P., Chang K.-J., Baltimore D., NF- B-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 103 33 12481 12486 2-s2.0-33747608638 10.1073/pnas.0605298103 (Pubitemid 44267285)
91. Valencia-Sanchez M. A., Liu J., Hannon G. J., Parker R., Control of translation and mRNA degradation by miRNAs and siRNAs. Genes and Development 2006 20 5 515 524 2-s2.0-33644768174 10.1101/gad.1399806 (Pubitemid 43345317)
92. Bartel D. P., MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 2004 116 2 281 297 2-s2.0-0347444723 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00045-5 (Pubitemid 38167318)
93. He L., Hannon G. J., MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation. Nature Reviews Genetics 2004 5 7 522 531 2-s2.0-3042767202 10.1038/nrg1379 (Pubitemid 38868508)
94. Boesch-Saadatmandi C., Loboda A., Wagner A. E., Stachurska A., Jozkowicz A., Dulak J., Döring F., Wolffram S., Rimbach G., Effect of quercetin and its metabolites isorhamnetin and quercetin-3-glucuronide on inflammatory gene expression: role of miR-155. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2011 22 3 293 299 2-s2.0-79951682474 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.02.008
95. Bernardo B. C., Charchar F. J., Lin R. C. Y., McMullen J. R., A MicroRNA guide for clinicians and basic scientists: background and experimental techniques. Heart Lung and Circulation 2012 21 3 131 142 2-s2.0-84857506068 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.11.002
96. Slaby O., Sachlova M., Brezkova V., Hezova R., Identification of microRNAs regulated by isothiocyanates and association of polymorphisms inside their target sites with risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Nutrition and Cancer 2013 65 2 247 254 10.1080/01635581.2013.756530
97. Xiao J., Gong A.-Y., Eischeid A. N., Chen D., Deng C., Young C. Y. F., Chen X.-M., miR-141 modulates androgen receptor transcriptional activity in human prostate cancer cells through targeting the small heterodimer partner protein. Prostate 2012 72 1514 1522 2-s2.0-84856567004 10.1002/pros.22501
98. Basu A., Alder H., Khiyami A., Leahy P., Croce C. M., Haldar S., MicroRNA-375 and microRNA-221: potential noncoding RNAs associated with antiproliferative activity of Benzyl isothiocyanate in pancreatic cancer. Genes and Cancer 2011 2 2 108 119 2-s2.0-79960043599 10.1177/1947601911409212
99. Wagner A. E., Boesch-Saadatmandi C., Dose J., Schultheiss G., Anti-inflammatory potential of allyl-isothiocyanate-role of Nrf2, NF- B and microRNA-155. J Cell Mol Med 2012 16 836 843 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01367.x
100. Izzotti A., Larghero P., Cartiglia C., Longobardi M., Pfeffer U., Steele V. E., De Flora S., Modulation of microRNA expression by budesonide, phenethyl isothiocyanate and cigarette smoke in mouse liver and lung. Carcinogenesis 2010 31 5 894 901 2-s2.0-77952304948 10.1093/carcin/bgq037
101. Izzotti A., Calin G. A., Steele V. E., Cartiglia C., Longobardi M., Croce C. M., De Flora S., Chemoprevention of cigarette smoke-induced alterations of microRNA expression in rat lungs. Cancer Prevention Research 2010 3 1 62 72 2-s2.0-77649196362 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0202
102. Li Y., Kong D., Wang Z., Sarkar F. H., Regulation of microRNAs by natural agents: an emerging field in chemoprevention and chemotherapy research. Pharmaceutical Research 2010 27 6 1027 1041 2-s2.0-77953198124 10.1007/s11095-010-0105-y
103. Li Y., VandenBoom T. G. II, Wang Z., Kong D., Ali S., Philip P. A., Sarkar F. H., miR-146a suppresses invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Research 2010 70 4 1486 1495 2-s2.0-76749152907 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-2792
104. Yang M., Yao Y., Eades G., Zhang Y., Zhou Q., MiR-28 regulates Nrf2 expression through a Keap1-independent mechanism. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 2011 129 3 983 991 2-s2.0-80052570740 10.1007/s10549-011-1604-1
105. Narasimhan M., Patel D., Vedpathak D., Rathinam M., Identification of novel microRNAs in post-transcriptional control of Nrf2 expression and redox homeostasis in neuronal, SH-SY5Y cells. PLoS ONE 2012 7 10.1371/journal.pone. 0051111
106. Sangokoya C., Telen M. J., Chi J.-T., microRNA miR-144 modulates oxidative stress tolerance and associates with anemia severity in sickle cell disease. Blood 2010 116 20 4338 4348 2-s2.0-78549277802 10.1182/blood-2009-04- 214817
107. Singh B., Ronghe A. M., Chatterjee A., Bhat N. K., MicroRNA-93 regulates NRF2 expression and is associated with breast carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013 34 1165 1172 10.1093/carcin/bgt026
108. Stachurska A., Ciesla M., Kozakowska M., Wolffram S., Cross-talk between microRNAs, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, and heme oxygenase-1 in ochratoxin A-induced toxic effects in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 2013 57 3 504 515 10.1002/mnfr.201200456
109. Eades G., Yang M., Yao Y., Zhang Y., Zhou Q., miR-200a regulates Nrf2 activation by targeting Keap1 mRNA in breast cancer cells. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011 286 47 40725 40733 2-s2.0-81755171451 10.1074/jbc.M111.275495
110. Petrelli A., Perra A., Cora D., Sulas P., MiRNA/gene profiling unveils early molecular changes and NRF2 activation in a rat model recapitulating human HCC. Hepatology 2013 2013 10.1002/hep.26616
111. van Jaarsveld M. T., Helleman J., Boersma A. W., van Kuijk P. F., miR-141 regulates KEAP1 and modulates cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. Oncogene 2013 32 4284 4293 10.1038/onc.2012.433
112. Yamamoto M., Singh A., Sava F., Pui M., MicroRNA expression in response to controlled exposure to diesel exhaust: attenuation by the antioxidant N in a randomized crossover study. Environ Health Perspect 2013 121 670 675 10.1289/ehp.1205963
113. Singh A., Happel C., Manna S. K., Acquaah-Mensah G., Transcription factor NRF2 regulates miR-1 and miR-206 to drive tumorigenesis. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 2013 123 2921 2934
114. Fahey J. W., Zalcmann A. T., Talalay P., The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. Phytochemistry 2001 56 1 5 51 2-s2.0-0035808553 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00316-2 (Pubitemid 32063165)
115. Jeong W.-S., Jun M., Kong A.-N. T., Nrf2: a potential molecular target for cancer chemoprevention by natural compounds. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 2006 8 1-2 99 106 2-s2.0-33644649421 10.1089/ars.2006.8.99 (Pubitemid 43324535)
116. Kouzarides T., Chromatin modifications and their function. Cell 2007 128 4 693 705 2-s2.0-33847076849 10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.005 (Pubitemid 46273577)
117. Rahman I., Marwick J., Kirkham P., Redox modulation of chromatin remodeling: impact on histone acetylation and deacetylation, NF- B and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Biochemical Pharmacology 2004 68 6 1255 1267 2-s2.0-4143070452 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.05.042 (Pubitemid 39094292)
118. Karin M., Greten F. R., NF- B: linking inflammation and immunity to cancer development and progression. Nature Reviews Immunology 2005 5 10 749 759 2-s2.0-25844459154 10.1038/nri1703 (Pubitemid 41400849)